(共56张PPT)
高考英语时态与语态复习
教学目标—解题方法
1、完成时态题
2、语境推断题
3、被动语态题
高考试题分析
1.(湖北卷)He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ______ that they
won’t support him unless he can
borrow money from the bank.
A. were deciding B. have decided
C. decided D. will decide
解析:父母做的决定对现在造成的影响。完成时表示动作结果造成的影响,所以用完成时
2. (广东卷) Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ____ that people who don't sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed B. has shown
C. will show D. is showing
解析: 现代科学对现在造成的影
响, 选B。
3.(江苏卷) They _______ on the
program for almost one week
before I joined them, and now
we ______ it as no good results
have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working
B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked
D. have worked; are still working
解析：过去完成进行时表示从过去到现在一直进行，并对现在产生影响。正在进行时表示从现在开始并一直继续, 选A。
4.（全国卷1）The coffee is
wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like
anything I _____ before .
A．was having
B．have
C．have ever had
D．had ever had
解析：同上
5. （浙江卷）My brother is an
actor. He _________ in several
films so far.
A．appears B．appeared
C．has appeared D．is appearing
解析：同上
现在完成时
现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。
We are good friends.(现在的情况）
I knew him in 1997.（过去的动作）
We have known each other since
1997.
（现在完成时把过去的动作和现
在联系起来并着眼于现在）
She has been to Beijing.
(现在已不在北京, 从结果上和现
在联系起来。）
She has been in Beijing for two years.
（现在仍在北京, 从时间上和现在联
系起来。）
现在完成时的三种基本用法
1、未完成用法。表示动作或状态开始于
过去，一直延续到现在，可能继续发
展，也可能刚刚结束。
如：He has been in the army for ten
years.
I have studied English since 1980.
He has lived here all his life.
A. be, live, study都是延续性动词。
B.常用的时间状语：
since…,for…,in the past few
years, so far, all his life.
2、反复性用法。表示过去到现在这段时
间内反复发生的动作。
如：I have been to the city twice this
week.
I have often wondered where she gets
her money all these days.
这种用法从时间上与现在发生了联
系。
3、完成性用法。表示动作或状态到说话时 已经完成，通常所产生的结果把过去的动作和状态和现在联系起来。
如：He has gone to Shanghai.
他已经去了上海。
(结果:他已不在这儿，He is not here
now.)
练习1
Can you make sure ___ the gold ring
A.where Alice had put
B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put
D.where has Alice put
解析：过去发生的“放”的动作对现在的影响，究竟金戒指现在“在哪里”选D。
练习2
When I was at college I ___ three foreign
languages, but I ___ all except a few words of each.
A. spoke; had forgotten
B. spoke; have forgotten
C. had spoken; had forgotten
D. had spoken; have forgotten
解析：“但都忘了”是现在的情况，要用现在完成时，强调结果
选B。
高考试题分析
6、 (江西卷)
—Hurry up ! Alice and Sue are
waiting for you at the school gate .
—Oh ! I thought they without me .
A．went B．are going
C．have gone D．had gone
解析：“离开”动作在“认为”之前。
7、(湖北卷)When the old man __ to
walk back to his house, the
sun _____ itself behind the mountain.
A．started ;had already hidden
B．had started ;had already hidden
C．had started ;was hiding
D．was starting; hid
解析：太阳“落山”在老师“回家”之前。
8、 (北京卷)
He _________ more that
5,000 English words when he entered
the university at the age of 15
A. has learned
B. would have learned
C. learned
D. had learned
过去完成时的用法
过去完成时是一种与过去时相比较而存在的时态，用以表示“过去的过去”的动作或状态。
练习1
Tom didn't go to hear the
singer because he___ him.
heard
would hear
C. has heard
D. had heard
练习2
Sorry, I've eaten up the food.
I___that he wouldn't be back.
think
was thinking
had thought
D. thought
练习3
When Jack arrived, he learned Mary
___ for almost an hour.
had gone
had set off
had left
had been away
练习4
His wife ___ to catch the first train
but she was too late.
hoping
had hoped
has hoped
would hope
解析: had hoped 意为“原希望”，
常用于这一结构的动词有
“think, want, plan, suppose, intend”
高考试题分析
9. (天津卷)
By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _______for London to attend a
meeting.
A. will leave B. leaves
C. will have left D. left
解析:
by + 过去时间—
by + 现在时间—
by + 现在时间—
过去完成时
现在完成时
将来完成时
10、 (北京卷)
As soon as he comes back,
I’ll tell him when __________ and see
him.
A. you will come
B. will you come
C. you come
D. do you come
11、 (北京卷) Scientists think that the continents _______ always where
they _______ today.
A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were
C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were
有时间状语的语境
解析: when引导的是宾语从句。
12、(全国卷1)
—What would you do if it ______
tomorrow
—We have to carry it on , since
we’ve got everything ready .
A．rain B．rains
C．will rain D．is raining
13、 （重庆卷）
— What’s wrong with your coat
— Just now when I wanted to get off
the bus, the man next to me ____ on it.
A. sat B. had sat
C. had been sitting D. was sitting
14、（上海卷）
At last, we found ourselves in a
pleasant park with trees providing
shade and _____down to eat our
picnic lunch.
A. sitting B. having sat
C. to sit D. sat
解析: and前后的并列谓语。
干扰性时间状语
15、 (全国卷3)
－Did you tell Julia about the result
－Oh, no, I forgot. I________ her now.
A．will be calling B．will call
C．call D．am to call
解析: will +V原，表临时性决定或打算。
16、（重庆卷）
— What are you going to do this
afternoon
— I am going to the cinema with
some friends. The film_____ quite early, so we ____ to the bookstore
after that.
A. finished; are going B. finished ; go
C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go
无时间状语的语境推断
17、 (湖南卷)
-- If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.
-- What a pity! Tina _____here to see you.
A. is B. was
C. would be D. has been
解析：说话的时间是现在，但讲的是过去的事情。
18、 (全国卷3)
Listen to the two girls by the
window. What language________
A．did they speak
B．were they speaking
C．are they speaking
D．have they been speaking
19、（浙江卷）
—Are you still busy
—Yes, I _________ my work, and it
won’t take long.
A．just finish
B．am just finishing
C．have just finished
D．am just going to finish
解析：进行时表将来。
20、 （辽宁卷）
Susan decided not to work on the
program at home because she didn’t
want her parents to know what she
__________.
A．has done B．had done
C．was doing D．is doing
21、 (湖南卷)
Since I won the big prize, my
telephone hasn't stopped ringing.
People _____ to ask ____ how I am
going to spend the money.
A. phone B. will phone
C. were phoning D. are phoning
练习1
—____ Mr. Smith ____ this week
— No. He is on holiday.
A. Has; worked B. Does; work
C. Did; work D. Is; working
练习2
—How can you borrow my computer
without my permission
—Oh, I ____ to tell you. I hope you don’t mind.
A. forget B. forgot
C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
练习3
—Will you please repeat your idea
—Certainly. But I think it certain you ____ your attention.
A. don’t pay B. didn’t pay
C. weren’t paying D. aren’t paying
练习4
—Why is the librarian looking so
hard at me
—You ____ to read aloud in the
reading room.
A. don’t suppose
B. haven’t supposed
C. are not supposed
D. were not supposed
被动语态—简单型
22、（全国卷1）
The hero’s story ______ differently in
the newspapers.
A．was reported
B．was reporting
C．reports
D．reported
23、（上海卷）
More than a dozen students in that school ______ around to study medicine last year.
A. sent
B. were sent
C. had sent
D. had been sent
被动语态—时态、语态混合型
24、（重庆卷）
Millions of pounds' worth of damage ___by a storm which swept across the north of England last night
A. has been caused
B. had been caused
C. will be caused
D. will have been caused
25、 (北京卷)
— Why did you leave that position
— I __________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer
B. offered
C. am offered
D. was offered
26 、 (广东卷)
The policeman's attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister's car.
A. has been B. was being
C. had been D. would be
解析: 盒子的“放”在警察“注意”之前。
27、（辽宁卷）
Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A．was called
B．is called
C．had been called
D．has been called
被动语态—语态与主谓一致
28、 （山东卷）
With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ each year.
A. is washing away
B. is being washed away
C. are washing away
D. are being washed away
解析: quantities of +n. [U] /[C]
作主语，谓语用复数
a huge/large quantity of +n.
作主语，谓语用单数
1. Harry seems like normal boy, but his life is miserable. His parents ___(be) dead and he ___(live) with a family that _____(treat) him badly. Harry __(be) very unhappy and ___________ (not know) what to do about his life. His life _______(change) when a bird ____(tell) him to go to Hogwarts and become a student of witchcraft and wizardry.
Fill in the blanks using right tenses.
are
lives
treats
is
doesn’t know
changes
tells
2. Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow. She _________ (set out) from the French coast at five o’clock in the morning. Debbie’s father will set out with her in a small boat. Tomorrow he ______________(watch) her anxiously as she swim the long distance to England. She ________(have) something to drink but she _________(not eat) any solid food.
will set out
will be watching
will have
will not eat
3. Yesterday I had a bad day. In the morning when I ______(get up) I ______(find) it was too late for work, I ______(dress) quickly only to find I had forgotten to put on my sweater. Then I ______(wash) my face hurriedly and in no time I ____(be) on my way to work.
got up
found
dressed
washed
was(共11张PPT)
Reading task on P71
1). They had the impression that circus people are dirty and they are bad in characters.
2). Jake was quick in mind.
3). Fred was curious about circus people’s life and wanted to show pity on them.
1 Read the passage and then answer these questions.
4. Jake was not so dirty as the boy said before.
5. Fred passed his handkerchief when Jake was sniffing. Later he helped Jake with his schoolwork.
The impression before Jake’s coming What circus people are like
dirty, eat raw meat, steal,
wear rags
Now, let’s check information to fill in the chart.
The impres
-sion after
Jake’s coming What Jake is like
smaller than me, dirty finger nails, clean and repaired shirt, held trousers with a wide leather belt
Jake’s school work Jake’s study
look for help, his eyes lit up, returned to exercise with enthusiasm
The impres
-sion
of campsite What the campsite is like
one tap for water, no particular place to put rubbish, a small and dirty washing toilet area
Discussion
What may be the cause that people were
rude to circus people
1) The dirty and shabby living conditions left a bad impression on other people.
2) Most people don’t understand what kind of life that circus people are leading.
Speaking
Write a speech to change students’ opinion toward circus people.
Possible speech:
Understand Circus People
Here I want to let you know a fact. With our effort all the local council of Lakeside Town has improved the campsite of circus people. The circus people are enjoying a clean and convenient life as we do today. Therefore we should not laugh at these people.
We made fun of them and looked down upon them before, but now we should change our attitude. They are the same as us and they need our respect, they need our help because their life is always on the go. They are excellent in their field. They can make tricks and magic while we can’t; they suffer a more
miserable life while we don’t; they are discriminated just because of their life style while we are living a comfortable life. We should make a promise that from now on we should show fair attitude toward them; we should make a promise that we will try to help them instead of laughing at them. With these promises we will all enjoy a better life.(共20张PPT)
Read the following facts about Martin Luther King, Jr and answer the questions.
Fact box:
1. Martin Luther King was born on January 15, 1929.
2. Montgomery bus boycott lasted 382 days. During these days of boycott, King was arrested, his home was bombed, he was subjected to personal abuse, but at the same time he emerged as a Negro leader of the first rank(一流的).
3. In 1957 he was elected president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization for the now burgeoning Civil Rights Movement.
4. Between 1957 and 1968, King traveled over six million miles and spoke over twenty-five hundred times, appearing wherever there was injustice, protest, and action; and meanwhile he wrote five books as well as numerous articles.
5. He directed the peaceful march in Washington, D.C. of 250,000 people to whom he delivered his address — “l Have a Dream” on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.
6. He was named Man of the Year by Time magazine in 1963.
7. At the age of thirty-five, Martin Luther King, Jr. was the youngest man to have received the Nobel Peace Prize.
8. On the evening of April 4, 1968, he was murdered.
9. He became not only the symbolic leader of American blacks but also a world figure.
What did Martin lead in Montgomery, Alabama
He led a boycott of the buses in Montgomery from 1955 to 1956.
2. What was the famous speech that Martin gave in Washington, D.C.
On August 28, 1963 Martin gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech.
Questions:
3. Where did he give “I Have A Dream”
He spoke on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.
4. What great honor did Martin receive in 1964
Martin was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.
5. How did Martin die
Martin Luther King Jr. was murdered
in 1968.
I have a dream
1. What emotion did Martin want to express in his speech
2. On what condition did Martin make the speech
3. Why did he make the speech
Possible answers:
1. Martin wanted to show his good will, strong wish and desire to seek freedom, liberty and equality for the black people.
2. Martin made the speech in Washington D.C.，capital city of America after a march. The speech inspired the whole audience and the whole black people.
3. He wanted his dream to become the dream of the whole nation.
Title I Have A Dream
Part 1
Generalize the main idea of each part.
Martin described a picture of dream. He used the words( creed of equality, brotherhood, oasis of freedom and justice, sisters and brothers) to strengthen its vivid description.
Part 2
Part 3
Martin expressed his hope to see equality, freedom and liberation nationwide.
He expressed his strong wish to see a world of freedom, where people of different background enjoy freedom together.
Post-reading
What makes the speech powerful What special methods are used in the speech
1 The speech is powerful because we can sense the strong feeling expressed in it. The use of parallelism intensifies the special effect.
2 The speech is very powerful because of its beautiful words, such as creed of equality, brotherhood, oasis of freedom and justice, sisters and brothers. These words express the same meaning, but it has different expressions. The use of metaphor and simile make this effect even stronger.
Writing
Write a short speech over the environmental problem. Organize the passage using repetition, parallelism, metaphor and simile.
Title
Problem:
1. The harm that these problems cause.
2. Point out how serious they are.
Solution:
1. Possible solutions to call on the audience to make their effort.
2. Special measures to call on the whole society to take part.
Sample speech:
We Are Endangered
We are living in a world that is badly polluted. Rubbish is around wherever we go. The air is not healthy for us to breathe; the water is no longer healthy for us to drink; the forest is destroyed day by day; the farmland is becoming desert; many species of animals are reducing in great numbers.
We can’t live a better life if we continue to pollute our environment.
It’s everyone’s duty to give a hand to protect our environment; it’s everybody’s duty to save the energy and natural resources; it’s everyone’s responsibility not to produce harmful rubbish. Only when all of us give a hand can we expect a hopeful tomorrow.
With this hope in mind we can see our sky become clear again; with this hope in mind we can find water in rivers get clean; with this hope in mind we will see flowers and grass instead of rubbish; with this hope in mind we will find the hills turn green; with this hope in mind we will see children breathe fresh air and play happily on the green grass.
Recite the speech.
Homework(共19张PPT)
Unit 3 Fairness for all
Guessing
Abraham Lincoln
Martin Luther King. Jr
Paul Robeson
Lincoln is a famous American president, who declared to set free the black slaves free as equal citizens of the USA. But his decision caused strong opposition from the white people in the southern states, especially those owners of plantations. Later he was murdered by an extremist.
Martin is a famous black leader during the Civil Rights Movement. He led non-violent marches and demonstrations in struggle for equality between black people and white people. His famous speech — I Have A Dream inspired a lot of people.
Paul Robeson is a black writer, artist and political leader. He set up several magazines to call on black people to struggle for better treatment and equal rights during the Civil Rights Movement.
What happened
This shows a black man being mistreated by a policeman during a demonstration to draw attention to the lack of civil rights for black people in America in the 1950s.
Photo1
Photo 2
This shows a black housing area after some white gangs have tried to stop black people from drawing attention to their civil rights in the 1950s.
Photo 3
This shows that there are two sets of parallel facilities operated in the southern states during the 1950s. White people had their own waiting rooms, drinking fountains, seats and toilet during this period. The Blacks had other less comfortable facilities.The police upheld the rights of the whites at the expense of those of the black people in the 1950s.
Group discussion
What conclusions can you draw from these three pictures
The black people were discriminated by the white people and the government.
Watch this video first.
Answer these questions
1. What incident started the opening of Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks was arrested because of her refusal to give seat to the white.
2. What was the first day of boycott like
It went smoothly as it was planned.
3. What difficulties did the boycott meet with
The white people tried many tricks to stop the boycott, but they were not successful.
4. What was the symbol to show the success of Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Supreme Court agreed it was wrong and declared the segregation policy on the bus should be canceled.
Main idea of the four passages
Title:
Main
idea Part one
Part two
The Start Of The Civil Rights Movement
King seized Rosa Park’s incident and this started the opening of the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
On the first day of the boycott everything went smoothly.
The boycott continued successfully, but this made the white people very angry. They tried a lot of tricks to stop the boycott. However, all their tricks failed.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a success and this led to the improvement of black people’s civil rights.
Part three
Part four
refused to give up her seat
arrested
boycott
The Whites were angry
went to work on foot or in taxis.
leaders were bombed
Course of the movement
the black people were angry
the improvement
of black people’s civil rights
1. Rosa Parks refused to give up her
seat on the bus.
2. Rosa Parks was arrested.
3. Martin Luther King Jr. called on
the blacks to boycott the city buses
and trolleybuses.
Put these events in the correct order
4. They went to work on foot or in taxis
instead.
5. The Whites were angry because their
business suffered .
6. The blacks were solid in their support
of the boycott.
7. The whites bombed the houses of the black leaders.
8. The Supreme Court eventually agree with boycott.
9. Blacks were finally able to sit where they liked on city buses.
1 Make phrases by using the following words (for example: boycott—Montgomery Bus Boycott)
boycott, prohibit, challenge, submit, negotiate, punctual, bomb, nationwide, constitutional, battle, happiness, liberty, unjust, separation, tradition, hopeful, coincidence, hostility
2 Translate the sentences into English (Exercise 3, Page 69).
Homework(共9张PPT)
Exercises 2 on Page 70.
Sample writing :
Martin Luther King was born on January 15, 1929. At the age of 7 in 1935 he began school. He started his career as a minister in 1948 when he was 19. Later when the Southern Christian Leadership
Conference was founded, Dr King was chosen president. He directed the peaceful march on Washington, D.C. of 250,000 people, and then he made his famous speech — I Have a Dream.
Whenever there was injustice, he would be there to lead people to fight for liberty and freedom.
Eventually he received the Nobel Peace Prize. On March 21st, 1965, he led a march from Selma to Montgomery to focus attention on problems in black voters’ registration. At first about 3,000
people began the march, however, the number of people increased to 25,000 when the march was completed at last. Anyway the struggle was successful and President Johnson signed the Voting Rights Bill to solve the problem. Martin was shot and killed in Memphis, Tennessee on the evening of April 4th, 1968.
You are required to write a report to the
council of Lakeside Town. In your report the
following points should be included.
Main points:
1. Present the living conditions of the campsite.
2. Your reasons to improve the campsite.
3. Your plan and suggestions to improve the campsite.
Writing task on P73
Sample passage:
Give a Hand to the Campsite
At present, circus people are living a hard life. They suffer a lot and they are looked down upon by other people. Wherever you go you can find rubbish all around. Besides, there is only one tap water and people don’t have enough water
to keep clean. What’s worse, circus children feel very inconvenient to go to school because the bus stop is far from their living area. Thus these children are looked down upon by other students.
We are equal as citizens. But up to now, our town council hasn’t noticed the
suffering of these people. If the situation continues like this, infective disease may arise. If so the whole people in the town may get infected. Since circus people should enjoy equal rights as we do, their living conditions should be improved.
Effective measures should be taken
by our council. We need to find a good position to rebuild the campsite. It should be a place which is near bus stops. What’s more, the facilities should be improved. If so, the circus people will enjoy a clean and better life. They will not be discriminated and share equability with us.
