(共53张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
Word power & Grammar and usage
速效提能演练
Unit 1
语法专题突破
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1The person in charge is the director.
负责人就是导演。
品味经典
①Who’s in charge of the company
谁负责这家公司？
②This park is under the charge of the city government.
这座公园由市政府主管。
③Can you take charge of this class please，Miss Li
李老师，你能管理这个班级吗？
④What’s the charge for using the hall
那礼堂的使用费是多少？
自我探究
in/under the charge of sb.＝in/under sb.’s charge 意为由……掌管，负责，in charge意为负责，掌管，in charge of意为负责……，掌管……。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)班主任不在时班长负责。
The monitor will be________________when the headteacher is away.
(2)他父亲掌管这家工厂。
His father is________________ this factory.
(3)一间带浴室的房间多少钱？
How much is________________a room with a bath
(4)孩子们交给护士照看。
The child is________________the nurse.
答案：(1)in charge (2)in charge of (3)the charge for (4)in/under the charge of
2He or she gives the actors instructions about how to perform.
他或她会给演员们指导如何进行表演。
品味经典
①Please give us detailed instructions.
请给予我们详细的指令。
②In this course，students can receive instruction in basic engineering.
在本课程中，学生能学到基础工程学的知识。
自我探究
在①中instruction是可数名词，意为指示，指令，用法说明，操作指南，一般用其复数形式；在②中instruction是不可数名词，意为传授的知识、教导。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
Always read the________on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
A．explanations B．instructions
C．descriptions D．introductions
解析：选B。explanation“解释，讲解”；instruction“用法说明，操作指南”；description“描述，描写”；introduction“介绍”。句意为：仔细阅读瓶子上的使用说明，适量用药。
3This is because laughter strengthens the heart and the lungs.
这是因为笑使我们的心肺功能得到了增强。
品味经典
①The exercise are designed to strengthen your stomach muscles.
这些活动目的在于增强你的腹部肌肉。
②Her position in the party has strengthened in recent weeks.
最近几个星期以来，她在党内的地位有所加强。
③He hasn’t got enough strength to lift the box.
他没有足够的力气搬起那个箱子。
④He has been doing weight training to build up his strength.
他一直在进行举重训练以增强体质。
自我探究
strengthen是及物动词，意为加强，增强。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
(1)Bill was doing a lot of exercise to build up his________.
A．energy B．strength
C．pressure D．force
解析：选B。题意：比尔通过做大量的运动来增强自己的体力。strength“力气，力量”。energy“能量”；pressure“压力”；force“武力；势力”。
(2)To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their________and weaknesses.
A．strengths B．benefits
C．techniques D．values
解析：选A。句意“要让队里的队员们表现更好，教练首先得弄清他们的优缺点”。strength“优点，长处”。
4As you laugh，the muscles participating in the laugh become active.
当你笑的时候，参与笑的肌肉变得活跃起来。
品味经典
She didn’t participate in the discussion.
她没有参加讨论。
自我探究
participate是不及物动词，常与in搭配，意为参加，参与。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
一句多译
他一直积极参与政治。
(1)He____________________________politics.
(2)He______________________________________in politics.
答案：(1)has been participating in
(2)has been an active participant
5Also，laughter makes us feel a sense of happiness.
此外，笑会使我们有幸福感。
品味经典
①Dogs have a keen sense of smell.
狗的嗅觉很灵敏。
②He has a very good sense of direction.
他的方向感很强。
③This sentence doesn’t make sense.
这个句子不通。
④In a sense，it doesn’t matter at all.
从某种意义上说，这事已无关紧要了。
⑤Eyes are sensitive to light.
眼睛对光敏感。
自我探究
a sense of ①意为……觉(视，听，嗅，味，触五觉)；
②……感。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
(1)Compared with his sister，Jerry is even more________to，and more easily troubled by，emotional and relationship problems.
A．sceptical B．addicted
C．available D．sensitive
解析：选D。句意为：Jerry比姐姐更敏感，更容易被情绪、同伴关系所困惑。be sensitive to对……敏感；sceptical怀疑的；addicted上瘾的；available可用的。
(2)What’s the________ of having a public open space where you can’t eat，drink or even simply hang out for a while
A．sense B．matter
C．case D．opinion
解析：选A。句意：拥有一个公共开放地而你不能在此吃喝甚至呆一会儿，你有什么感觉？sense感觉。matter事情，麻烦事；case小事，情况，问题；opinion观点，意见。
6 The next time you feel upset or disappointed，do not worry.
下次你再感到难过或失望时，别着急。
品味经典
①Each time I listen to your advice，I get into trouble.
我每次听你的建议时都会有麻烦。
句型巧析
②By the time he was ten，he had begun to make his living.
到他十岁时，他就开始谋生了。
③The moment he spoke I recognized his voice.
他一讲话，我就听出了他的声音。
④He left Europe the year World War Ⅱ broke out.
二战爆发那年，他离开了欧洲。
自我探究
在上面的句子中，the next time，each time，by the time都是充当连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。
归纳拓展
(1)由time构成的一些名词短语也可以引导时间状语从句， 如the first/second...time，every/each time，next time，by the time等。 (2)由一些表示时间的名词词组，如the moment，the minute，the instant，the day，the year等也可以引导时间状语从句。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我第一次见到他时，他是个中学老师。
______________________，he was a middle school teacher.
(2)下次你再来时，别忘了带那本书。
________________________，don’t forget to bring the book.
(3)我见到这部车的那一刻，就喜欢上它了。
______________________，I fell in love with it.
答案：(1)The first time I saw him
(2)Next time you come
(3)The moment I saw the car
品味语法
1．It is a great pleasure to talk with you.
2．It’s no good arguing with him.
3．There is a meeting to be attended.
4．Did you see the girl dancing with your brother
语法专题突破
5．The building built last year is a hospital now.
6．I consider the work to be very important.
7．He saw people coming and going.
8．Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
自我探究
1．例1,2中的to talk with you和arguing with him作句子的主语，it是形式主语。
2．例3,4,5中的to be attended，dancing with your brother和built last year在句中作定语。
3．例6,7,8中的to be very important，coming and going和shut、open在句中作宾语补足语。
讲解归纳
非谓语动词(Ⅰ)
非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留某些动词特征的动词形式，它们没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
一、非谓语动词的句法功能
名称 主语 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 定语 状语
不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
动名词 √ √ √ √
现在分词 √ √ √ √
过去分词 √ √ √ √
二、非谓语动词的时态、语态
非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态
不定式 一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing
v. ing(现在分词与动名词) 一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
1.主语
(1)to do和doing都可作主语，其区别如下：
①不定式作主语一般表示具体的某一次的动作；而动名词作主语一般表示抽象性、一般性的动作。
To read this book needs time.读这本书需要时间。(具体)
Reading is interesting.阅读很有趣。(抽象)
②不定式作主语通常表示要做的事或目的；动名词作主语一般表示已知或已做的事或经验。
To jump out of the window is dangerous.
从窗子跳出去危险。(未发生)
Seeing films is fun.看电影很有趣。(经验)
(2)当to do作主语时，往往用形式主语it来代替，而把真正的主语放在后面。
It’s very hard to learn an art.
学会一门艺术非常难。
动名词doing有时也这样用，但常用于以下句型：
It is＋no use/useless/useful/no good＋doing sth.
It is no use arguing with such a man.
和这样一个人争辩是没用的。
2．定语
(1)动词不定式
①不定式作定语时要放在被修饰词之后。
She has a lot of work to do.
她有很多工作要做。
②如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应有必要的介词。
She is a very nice person to work with.
她是一个很好的工作伙伴。
Have you enough paper to write on
你有足够的纸来写字吗？
③当句中有不定式的逻辑宾语时，不定式作定语，主动语态可表示被动意义。
I have a letter to write.(不用to be written)
我有一封信要写。
Please give me something nice to eat.(不用to be eaten)
请给我些好吃的。
但在there be句型中，虽常用主动语态，但用被动语态亦可。
There is a meeting to attend.(to be attended也可)
有一个会议要出席。
【注意】 当征求对方是否有事需请求者去做时，不定式作定语用被动语态。
④too...to...的两种含义
too...to...句型既可表示“太……以至于不能……”，也能表达“非常……能……”，请注意区分。
It’s too late to do anything about it now.
现在进行任何补救都为时太晚。
We shall be only too pleased to hear from you further.
我们非常欢迎你再来信。
(2)现在分词
①分词作定语时和形容词的功能是相似的。动词的 ing形式可以单独作定语。
a smiling face笑脸
a leading figure领导人物
②动词的 ing形式还能构成合成词作定语。
an easy going man好说话的人
③当分词短语作后置定语时，可以转换成定语从句。
She went on board the train leaving for Shanghai.
＝She went on board the train，which was leaving for Shanghai.
她坐上了去上海的火车。
There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the park.
＝There are two roads before us，one which leads to the beach，the other to the park.
在我们面前有两条路，一条通向沙滩，另一条通向公园。
【注意】 现在分词和过去分词的区别——现在分词表示主动
或动作正在进行，过去分词表示被动或动作已经完成。
(3)过去分词
①过去分词可以作前置定语，此时，分词与名词之间有两种语意关系：一种是分词表示主动意义；一种是分词表示被动意义。
He is a retired worker.
他是一个退休工人。
This is a newly developed device.
这是一个新开发的工具。
②过去分词作后置定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。
She likes to drink cold boiled water.
她喜欢喝凉开水。
3．宾补
动词不定式，现在分词和过去分词都可作宾补，其区别如下：
(1)感官动词(词组)see，watch，observe，look at，hear，listen to，notice＋宾语＋宾补
I heard her sing an English song last night.
昨晚我听她唱了一首英文歌曲。(全过程)
I heard her singing an English song when I passed her room.
经过她房间时，我听见她正唱一首英语歌曲。(正在进行，正在唱)
I heard an English song being sung when I passed.
当我经过时，听见有人正唱一首英语歌曲。
I found the door closed when I got there.
我到那儿时，发现门已关了。
(2)leave表示“使……处于某种状态”时，后跟非谓语动词作宾补。
Don’t leave the machine running all the time.
不要一直让机器转着。
He left a lot of work unfinished.
他留下大量工作未完成。
(3)have，get表示“使，让”时，后接三种形式作宾补
①have/get sth.done使/让某人做某事
I’ll have/get my hair cut.我要理发。(让别人来理发)
(4)下列动词(词组)后跟带to的不定式作宾补：ask，advise，allow，beg，cause，encourage，expect，forbid，force，get，intend，invite，like，love，order，persuade，prefer，require，teach，tell，want，warn，wish，think，wait for，call on，depend on等。
We allow nobody to smoke here.
我们不允许在这儿吸烟。
速效提能演练
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谢谢使用(共78张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Task & Project
速效提能演练
Unit 1
写作专题突破
Section Ⅲ
重点难点探究
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1In an interview，he told us that he is always happy to take on new foreign students.
在一次采访中，他告诉我们说他随时都乐于接收外国学生。
品味经典
①With economy recovering，more and more workers are taken on.
随着经济的恢复，越来越多的工人受到雇用。
②The old temples take on a beautiful pink when the sun is setting down.
太阳下山时，这些古寺呈现一片美丽的粉红色。
③He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.
他一向乐于挑重担。
④The club took in a new member last week.
俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。
⑤She took over his work after Tom’s departure.
汤姆离开以后，她接替了他的工作。
⑥I put the telephone down and took up my work again.
我放下电话继续干我的活儿。
自我探究
take on是固定短语，意为①雇用；②呈现；③承担。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
(1)After studying in a medical college for five years，Jane________her job as a doctor in the countryside.
A．set out B．took over
C．took up D．set up
解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。take up从事，做……。set out出发，动身；take over接管；set up设立，创办。
(2)The ship will stop at Shanghai to________passengers and mails.
A．take up B．take on
C．take off D．take in
解析：选B。take up拿起，从事，占据；take on接纳，接受；take off脱下，起飞；take in吸收，理解，欺骗。
(3)She________greater responsibilities when she was promoted.
A．took over B．took to
C．took on D．took with
解析：选C。句意：她得到提升后担负了更大的责任。take on意为“承担”，故选C。
2In regard to your question about the cost，the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each.
至于你的有关费用方面的问题，电影票每张是35元。
品味经典
①With regard to the scandal，I have no comment.
关于那件丑闻，我无可奉告。
②As regards money，I have enough.
至于钱，我有的是。
③As for the cause，I don’t know.
至于原因，我并不知道。
自我探究
with/in regard to是固定短语，意为关于，至于。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
一句多译
关于你的要求，她什么也没说。
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Regarding your request，she said nothing.
With/In regard to your request，she said nothing.
As regards your request，she said nothing.
As for your request，she said nothing.
3moves over as if to make room for Tony
往一边挪了挪像是在为托尼让地方
品味经典
①How can we make room for all the furniture
我们怎么腾得出地方放这些家具呢？
②They were in the next room and we could hear every word they said.
他们在隔壁房间里，我们可以听到他们说的每一句话。
自我探究
make room for意为为……腾地方；room是不可数名词，意为空间，余地。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我要挪动一下这张桌子——它太占地方了。
I’ll move the table—it________________________.
(2)你的工作还有改进的余地。
There’s some______________________in your work.
答案：(1)takes up too much room
(2)room for improvement
4It got too crowded，so I moved the bench.
太挤了，所以我把长凳挪了。
品味经典
①His room was crowded with furniture.
他的房间摆满了家具。
②A large crowd had gathered in the park.
一大群人已聚集在公园里。
③Shoppers crowded the stores.
购物者挤满了那些商店。
自我探究
crowded是形容词，意为拥挤的，be crowded with意为挤满……的。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)他在人群中往前挤。
He pushed his way______________________.
(2)我们全都涌进了他的办公室。
We all________________his office.
(3)春季，这地方满是滑雪的人。
In the spring the place______________skiers.
答案：(1)through the crowd
(2)crowded into
(3)is crowded with
5Servant bursts in，next to Queen，empty handed and looking worried.
仆人闯进来，站在王后身边，两手空空，显得很着急。
品味经典
①Her door was pushed open，and Mrs.Page burst in.
她的门被猛地推开，佩奇太太冲了进来。
②It was very rude of you to burst in on him while he was working.
他在工作时你去打搅他，真是鲁莽。
③I couldn’t help myself，and burst out laughing.
我控制不住自己，大笑起来。
④The hall burst into cheers when the singer appeared.
当歌手出场时，大厅里爆发出欢呼声。
自我探究
burst in是固定短语，in是副词，是不及物动词短语，意为①闯入；②burst in on...意为打搅……，打断……，插嘴。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)At the funny story the whole class________laughter.
A．burst into B．burst out
C．broke out D．broke up
解析：选A。句意：听了这个有趣的故事，全班同学开怀大笑起来。burst into laughter＝burst out laughing突然大笑起来。
(2)When he heard the sudden bad news，he________.
A．burst into tear B．bursted into tears
C．bursted into tear D．burst into tears
解析：选D。句意：当他听到这个突如其来的坏消息时，他突然哭了起来。burst的过去式与过去分词均为原形，根据搭配burst into tears可知D项正确。
完成句子
(3)门突然被打开，闯进来一群孩子。
Suddenly the door opened and a group of children________ ________.
答案：burst in
(4)听到这个激动人心的消息后，他放声大笑。
On hearing the exciting news，he________________laughing.
答案：burst out
(Servant) holds out a roll of toilet paper
(仆人)递给(他)一卷手纸
品味经典
①I held out my hand to support her.
我伸出手扶住她。
②We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out.
我们可以在这里一直待到我们的贮备品用完。
③He asked me to hold on while he left the telephone to find a pencil.
他让我别挂电话，他去找一支铅笔。
④Two policemen held up a truck so as to inspect the driver’s license.
两个警察让一辆卡车停住以便检查司机的驾驶证。
自我探究
在①中，hold out是及物动词短语，意为伸出，递出；在②中，hold out是不及物动词短语，意为维持，坚持。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)供水能维持整个夏天吗？
Will the water supply______________________？
(2)我想我会把唱片留着，但你可以拿走磁带。
I think I’ll____________________，but you can have the tapes.
(3)等一等，我去拿外套。
____________________，I’ll just get my coat.
(4)我们竭力忍住不笑。
We struggled to__________________________.
答案：(1)hold out through the summer
(2)hold on to the records
(3)Hold on
(4)hold back our laughter
7I must have forgotten to tell you.(smiles)It got too crowded，so I moved the bench.
我想必是忘记告诉你们了。(微笑)刚才太拥挤，所以我就把长凳给搬走了。
品味经典
①The window must have been broken last night.
窗子一定是昨晚被打烂的。
句型巧析
②You can’t have seen him yesterday.He has been on business for a week.
你昨天不可能见到他，他已出差一周了。
③He may not have finished it.Just now he told me it was a little difficult.
他可能还没完成，刚才他告诉我有点难。
自我探究
must＋have done意为一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的推断，仅用于肯定句。
归纳拓展
“情态动词＋have done”形式表推断或猜测： (1)must have done sth.(肯定句式)，表示“想必/准是/一定做过某事”。
(2)can/could(not)have done(否定句或疑问句式)，表示“过去可能……/过去不可能……”。 (3)may/might(not)have done(肯定句或否定句句式)，表示“或许(也许)已经……，也许(或许)没有……”。
牛刀小试
(1)(2011年高考江苏卷)—I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean，someone________ it.
A．will have stolen B．might have stolen
C．should have stolen D．must have stolen
解析：选B。句意：“我把手提包忘在了火车上，但幸运的是有个人把它交给了铁路部门的一名官员。”“还能找回来多么令人难以置信！我的意思是，有人原本可能把它偷走的。”might have done“可能已经……”，表示对过去发生之事的不太肯定的推测，符合题意。will have done表示将来完成时；should have done本应该做某事但实际未做；must have done表示对过去发生之事的肯定推测。
(2)—She looks very happy.She________have passed the exam.
—I guess so.It’s not difficult after all.
A．should B．could
C．must D．might
解析：选C。由“She looks very happy.”可推知“她一定已经通过本次考试”；must have done符合题意。
(3)—Has your father got up
—Sorry，I’m not sure.He________got up.Please go and see for yourself.
A．must have B．can’t have
C．would have D．might have
解析：选D。考查情态动词表示推测。根据语境选用“might have＋过去分词”，它表示的可能性比“must have＋过去分词”小。
The invisible bench
Characters：Five students
Setting：A park
Mike：Really，what this courtyard needs is a bench.Maybe here？(‘sits’ as if there is a bench) No.(gets up，walks to the other side of the stage.Tony enters，but Mike does not notice) Maybe here (sits again) Yes，I think maybe here.
译文助读
Tony：What are you doing
Mike：I’m sitting on an invisible bench，of course.
Tony：Can I join you
Mike：Of course.(moves over as if to make room for Tony)
Tony：Ah，it’s rather nice here，isn’t it
Mike：Indeed.
Both ‘sit’ for a while，reading their textbooks.Cathy enters.
Cathy：What is going on here
Mike：We’re sitting on an invisible bench.
Tony：You should join us.It’s nice and cosy.
Cathy：Okay.Thanks for the invitation.(Mike and Tony move over.Cathy ‘sits’ down alongside them) Wow，it’s quite comfortable!
Paula enters.
Paula：Sitting on an invisible bench，are you
Cathy：Yes，how did you know
Paula：I was doing the same thing myself，just yesterday.Mind if I sit down
Mike looks annoyed.
Tony and Cathy：Not at all.Please do!
All make room.Mike stands up and wanders over to the middle of the stage and sits down.Ann enters，looks at Mike.
Ann：You look like you are sitting on an invisible bench.
Mike: Yes，I am.
Ann: What are they doing over there
Paulaand Cathy：We’re sitting on an invisible bench too!
Mike：No，you’re not.
Tony：We’re not
Mike：No.I must have forgotten to tell you.(smiles) It got too crowded，so I moved the bench.
Entire group (Tony，Paula and Cathy) fall down.
The End
隐形长凳
人物：五名学生
场景：某公园
Mike：真的，这个院子要说缺的，就是一条长凳了。或许可以放这儿？(“坐下来”，好像有一条长凳似的)不。(站起来，走到舞台另外一端。托尼上场，但迈克没有注意)也许这儿？(又“坐下来”)嗯，我想也许可以放这儿。
Tony：你在干什么呢？
Mike：我自然是在坐一条隐形长凳。
Tony：我可以坐你旁边吗？
Mike：当然可以。(挪至一边，仿佛是在给对方腾出空间)
Tony：啊，这里相当好啊，对吧？
Mike：的确是。
(两人读着书坐了一会)
卡西上场
Cathy：你们在这干什么？
Mike：我们正坐在一条隐形长凳上呢。
Tony：你不妨也来吧。这里真的很舒服。
Cathy：好的。谢谢你们的邀请。(迈克和托尼挪到一边，卡西坐在他们旁边。)哇噻，真的好舒服啊！
波拉上场
Paula：你们坐在一条隐形长凳上，是吧？
Cathy：是啊，你怎么知道的？
Paula：我也曾做过同样的事，就在昨天。介意我坐下来吗？
迈克看上去有点气恼的样子。
Tony and Cathy：不介意不介意。请坐！
大家都为卡西腾出地方。迈克却站起来，溜达到了舞台中央，然后“坐”下来。
安上场，看着迈克。
Ann：你看上去像是坐在一条隐形长凳上。
Mike：是啊，没错。
Ann：那他们在那边又是干什么呢？
Paula and Cathy：我们也是坐在一条隐形长凳上呀！
Mike：不，你们不是！
Tony：我们怎么不是？
Mike：对，你们不是。我想必是忘记告诉你们了。(面带微笑)刚才人太拥挤，所以我就将长凳给抽走了。
一行人(托尼，波拉和卡西)都倒了下去。
剧终
The important papers
Characters：The King，the Queen，Servant
Setting：The King’s castle.King’s armchair is empty.Queen sits in her armchair，reading.
King enters.
King：Where are all of our servants They are so lazy.(yells) SERVANT！(Servant enters)
Servant：Yes，sir.What can I bring you
King：I need，no，I must have，my (gives a serious look at Servant) important papers.(sits down)
Servant exits，comes back in with a pile of official looking papers and gives them to King.
King：What are these (throws them at Servant in anger) No，no，no，bring my important papers!
Servant bows，dashes out，comes back in with a newspaper.
King：No，you fool! (tears the paper in two)I must have my important papers RIGHT NOW！！！
Servant exits，comes back in with a magazine.
King：Ahhhh！(takes magazine and runs after Servant.Servant runs away) Bring ...my ...important...papers ...NOW! It’s an emergency! (to Queen) Tell him，dear!
Queen：Umm，(standing，announcing officially) the King requires his important papers.It is your duty to bring them to him at once.(to King) OK
King moves around in chair，looking uncomfortable.
Queen：Are you okay You seem...anxious...
King：I’m fine.I just need my (with a serious voice) important papers.
Servant bursts in，next to Queen，empty handed and looking worried.Queen points to a dictionary，or poster on the wall，etc.Servant runs to get it and presents it to King.
King：NO NO NO NO！That is not right.Someone must be able to bring my important papers!
Queen tears a page from her book and offers it to King.He glares at Queen.Servant dashes out，comes back in with something behind his back.
Servant：Sir (holds out a roll of toilet paper)
King：Yes！My VERY important papers！(runs off stage as fast as possible，running into people and things on the way out)
The End
重要的文件
人物：国王，王后，仆人
场景：皇宫。国王的御座空着。王后坐在自己的御座上，在读一本书。
国王上。
King：我们的仆人都上哪儿去了？一群懒鬼。(叫喊)仆人！(仆人上。)
Servant：陛下，你需要什么？
King：我需要，不，我必须拿到，我的(严肃地看着仆人)重要的文件。(坐上御座)
仆人拿着一摞官样文件上场，将文件递给国王。
King：这都是些什么？(将文件扔向仆人)不对，不对，不对，把我重要的文件拿来！
仆人一躬身，小跑着离去，之后手持一份报纸重新上场。
King：不对，你这个傻瓜！(将报纸扯为两半)我必须拿到我的重要的文件，现在就要！
仆人退下，之后手持一份杂志重新上场。
King：啊呀呀呀！(抓着杂志，用杂志将仆人撵下台)把……我的……重要的……文件……拿来……现在就要！情况紧急！(转向王后)亲爱的，你跟他说！
Queen：嗯哼，(起身，庄重宣布)国王陛下急需他的重要的文件。责你立即送达国王陛下。(转向国王)行吗？
国王在座位上不停地挪动着身体，看上去很不舒服。
Queen：你没事吧？你看上去……有些着急……
King：我没事，我只是需要(意味深长地)我的重要的文件。
仆人冲上舞台，来到王后身边，两手空空，非常着急。王后指向一本词典或者是墙上的招贴画之类。仆人就赶紧跑过去，将其取下送给国王。
King：不对不对不对不对！根本不对。你们当中一定有人能将我重要的文件拿来！
王后从自己的书上扯下一页，送给国王。他瞪着王后，仆人重新上场，身后拿着什么东西。
Servant：陛下？(递上一卷卫生纸)
King：对了！这就是我最重要的文件！(飞速冲下舞台，在下台的过程中或许还会撞到人或什么东西)
剧终
【写作要求】
假如你是李华。去年夏天，你在一家国际中学生夏令营帮忙，收获颇多。今年，你想邀请你的好友Jane一起为夏令营工作。请你根据该夏令营的招聘广告及所给内容要点写一封电子邮件，说服Jane和你一同参加。(词数120左右)开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
写作专题突破
Dear Jane，
I have already told you about the job I did last summer in the International Camp for children，do you remember And this year they are looking for people for the same job so I．..
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
【要点词汇】
1．想起________________
2．坐落在……________________
3．距离河很近________________
4．责任感________________
答案：1.think of；occur to；bring...to mind
2．be situated in；lie in；be located on
3．close to a river
4．the sense of responsibility
【句式结构】
1．我们为什么不一起做呢？
__________________________________________
2．我们每天工作5小时，因此我们有足够的时间来参观这个地方，进行我们自己的体育运动。
We have only 5 hours’work a day________it gives us enough free time，________________and do some sport activities__________________.
3．若感兴趣，请尽快告知。
Let me know________________if you________________it.
答案：1.Why don’t we do it together
2．so；to visit the area；on our own
3．as soon as possible；are interested in
【连句成篇】
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【佳作欣赏】
Dear Jane，
I have already told you about the job I did last summerin the International Camp for children，do you remember And this year they are looking for people for the same job so I have thought about you.Why don’t we do it together
You will work with children between 8 and 12 and will help with the outdoor activities，entertainment，sports competitions and children’s games.The camp is situated in a wood，close to a river.It is such a beautiful place! Everybody sleeps in tents，it is very exciting.We have only 5 hours’ work a day so it gives us enough free time to visit the area and do some sport activities on our own.As well as the accommodation，the food is free.It is not wonderful，but it is not the most important.
The contact with children，the feeling of freedom，the sense of responsibility and the life in the nature make this camp an unforgettable experience.
Let me know as soon as possible if you are interested in it，but don’t hesitate too much，it is worth!
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
【类文点津】
1．本文已给出开头，仔细审读所提供内容，“今年他们招聘人，所以……”可以想到“我想到了你，我们一起做好吗？”或“我想邀请你一起参加。”等句子，使上下文连贯。
2．本文是对夏令营工作的一个简介。认真审题，仔细研究所给图表，可以看出中间部分是对夏令营工作的详细活动介绍，两侧是对中间部分的补充。比如左上框中的Beautiful place...对应中间的Camp，这表明在说到Camp时，应补充说明Camp是一个beautiful place...，依次类推。
3．在介绍完图表所有信息之后，应不失时机地体现一下从事这项工作的种种好处，来增加文章的说服力。
速效提能演练
词语串串练
Most people have much ①affection for ②comedies and ③comedians.That’s because their ④humouroua ⑤performance can make us ⑥burst into ⑦laughter and then make us happy and relaxed.Sometimes it can even ⑧drive away our pains temporarily.
Zhao Benshan is one of the most ⑨well known comedians ⑩popular with all age groups.He is always able to come up with new ideas to make the audience laugh.Above all，he can perform them vividly on the stage.
许多人非常喜欢喜剧和喜剧演员。因
为他们幽默的表演能使我们爆发出笑
声，使我们轻松快乐，甚至有时还能
暂时驱除我们的烦恼。
赵本山是受各个年龄段的人欢迎的最
著名的喜剧演员之一，他总能想出新主意使观众发笑，更重要的是，他能在舞台上生动形象地表演出来。
他的大部分作品都是写日常生活中人们行为做事的方式的，有的取笑某些政府官员滥用职权，有的嘲笑一些贪得无厌的人们以及他们的愚蠢，他靠自己独特的表演方式娱乐观众。
每年除夕我们都可以欣赏到电视上现场直播的他的节目。
现在他已经收了很多徒弟，还包括一些外国人。在他的指导下，他们中有许多人已学到足够的表演技巧而且已小有名气。
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
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谢谢使用(共121张PPT)
Unit 1 Laughter is good for you
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅰ
预习多维感知
Step One：Warming up
1．Life consists of laughter and tears.People around the world love to laugh.Do you think laughter is good for us Why
_____________________________________________
答案：Laughter can help us forget about worries/keep us in a good mood/have positive attitudes towards our lives/enjoy life better and live longer...
预习多维感知
2．What kind of things can make us laugh (You can refer to the pictures on page 1)
_____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：jokes；comedies；funny movies；humorous stories；interesting books...
3．Talk about the pictures on page 1 and answer the following questions.
(1) Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest？Why
(2) Who is your favorite comedian Why do you like him or her
(3) Why do people like funny things
Step Two：Fast Reading
1．Skim the passage and answer the following three questions.
(1) What is the article about
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Stand up comedies.
(2) After starting as a stand up comedian，what did Billy Crystal go on to do later in life
________________________________________________________________________
答案： Acted in films.
(3) What is laughter good for
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Our health.
2．Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
(1) A stand up comedian________while performing.
A．enjoys laughing
B．enjoys making fun of himself
C．usually takes advantage of the audience
D．has prepared a lot of jokes in advance
(2) Billy Crystal started his career________.
A．as a television actor
B．as a film actor
C．as a stand up comedian
D．as a host
(3)What does the word ‘routine’ in Para.3 probably mean
A．road B．performance
C．lines D．style
(4)At the 2004 Academy Awards，a very old actor________at first.
A．was asked to make a silent speech
B．didn’t turn on the microphone on purpose
C．made the audience laugh
D．couldn’t make himself heard
(5) We can infer from the 5th paragraph comedians are expected to________.
A．enjoy a very long life
B．work till the end of life
C．have no plans to stop work
D．perform stand up
答案：(1)～(5)CCBDA
Step Three：Careful Reading
1．Read the text carefully and tell whether the following sentences (T) are true or false (F)．
(1) Stand up is a kind of comedy where the comedian is in front of the audience and talk directly to them.
( )
(2) Altogether，there are five types of stand up.
( )
(3) Lots of stand up comedians turn into famous actors later on in life.( )
(4) Billy Crystal hosted the Academy Awards nine times.( )
(5) One reason Crystal has become so famous is his outstanding ability to act.( )
(6) There were three comedians who lived to be 100 years old and kept working until the end of their lives.( )
(7) Laughing helps your body stay healthy and can even help you fight pain.( )
答案：(1)T (2)F (3)F (4)F (5)F (6)F (7)T
2．Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.
Introduction of stand up. Stand up is a kind of comedy that is done on a stage by a (1)________talking straight to audience members.
Types of stand up ◆Some comedians tell jokes about the way people (2)________ or about daily life.
◆Other comedians rely on (3)________humour.
◆Other comedians may trip (4)________ chairs，walk into doors，and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.
◆The last kind of comedian does impressions.
A famous comedian Billy Crystal has (5)________ the Academy Awards for 8 times.One reason for his becoming famous is that he is very quick (6)________and is able to come up with (7)________ about the people and things around him.He is (8)________ with all age groups and has the ability to (9)________ people all over the world.
Laughter is good for your health！ People who laugh a lot live longer.Laughing helps your body stay (10)________ and can help you fight pain.
答案：(1)comedian (2)behave (3)visual (4)over
(5)hosted (6)thinking (7)jokes (8)popular
(9)amuse (10)healthy
Step Four：Summary
One favorite type of comedy is called stand up.There are 1.____________ different types of stand up comedy.
Billy Crystal，a famous stand up 2.____________，has 3.____________ the Academy Awards eight times.Each time，he performs his stand up 4.____________ in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast 5.____________ on TV.One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up 6.____________ new jokes about the people and things around him.He is popular with all age groups and has the 7.____________ to amuse people all over the world.
Doctors have 8.____________ that people who laugh a lot live longer.Laughing helps your body 9.____________ healthy and can even help you fight pain.10.____________ the reason，research shows that in the end，the English saying，“Laughter is the best medicine”，may be true after all.
答案：1.four 2.comedian 3.hosted 4.routine 5.live
6．with 7.ability 8.discovered 9.stay 10.Whatever
Step Five：Discussion
1．Why did Bob Hope and George Burns live to be so old
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．What special qualities should a comedian have
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1Everyone agrees that laughter is good for you.
每个人都认为笑对身体有好处。
品味经典
①That night，his party was full of laughter.
那晚，他的宴会上充满了笑声。
②After his little daughter’s words，they burst into laughter.
听了他小女儿的话，他们爆发出一阵大笑。
③Seeing the funny scene，the man roared with laughter.
看到这滑稽的一幕，这个男人放声大笑。
④We all laughed at her when she said she believed in ghosts.
当她说她相信鬼魂存在时，我们都笑话她。
自我探究
laughter是名词，意为笑声，不可数名词。
归纳拓展
(1)burst into laughter＝burst out laughing突然笑起来
roar with laughter放声大笑
(2)laugh vi.大笑 n．笑
laugh at sb./sth.因某人/某事而发笑；取笑/讥笑某人/某事
have a good laugh over对……大笑一番；对……笑个够
【注意】 laughter与laugh均可用作名词，意为“笑，笑声”。但laughter为不可数名词，而laugh为可数名词。
牛刀小试
(1)No one enjoys________.
A．laughing at B．being laughed at
C．being laughing at D．being laughed
解析：选B。句意：没有人喜欢被人嘲笑。laugh at和主语No one之间为被动关系，所以要用被动式，动词短语在被动式中要用完整形式，故D项错误；enjoy doing sth.为固定表达，表示“喜欢做某事”。故选B。
(2)One minute she burst into________and the next burst out________.
A．crying；laughter B．tears；laughing
C．tear；laughter D．crying；laughing
解析：选B。burst into tears＝burst out crying突然哭起来；burst into laughter＝burst out laughing突然笑起来。
2There are a variety of different styles of stand up comedy.
单口喜剧有许多不同的类型。
品味经典
①This restaurant serves a variety of food.
这家餐厅供应各种各样的食物。
②My life lacks variety.
我的生活缺少多样化。
③He asked various questions.
他询问了各种各样的问题。
④The weather here varies between hot and very hot.
此地的天气在热与很热之间变化。
自我探究
variety是名词，意为变化，多样性；a variety of意为种种的，各种各样的，既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
There is________________________ patterns to choose from.
(2)她由于种种原因接受了这份工作。
She took the job for________________.
答案：(1)a variety of (2)various reasons
3Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life.
有些喜剧演员以人们行为做事的方式或日常生活中的事为素材讲笑话。
品味经典
①They behaved very badly towards their guests.
他们对客人很不礼貌。
②She doesn’t know how to behave (herself) in public.
她在公共场合举足无措。
③His behavior towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.
他对待她的态度越来越蛮横。
自我探究
behave是不及物动词，意为行为，表现。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)那些学生在学校表现良好。
The students________________________ at school.
(2)约翰在学校赢得品行优良奖。
John won a prize for________________ at school.
答案：(1)behaved themselves well (2)good behavior
4For example，they may talk about how people act when they queue up，...
例如，他们可能讲的笑话是有关人们排队时的行为方式的……
品味经典
①We had to queue up for hours for the Olympic tickets.
我们只得排几个小时的队买奥运门票。
②They’re queuing up to see a film.
他们排着队等候看电影。
自我探究
queue up意为排队，queue up for sth.意为排队等……，queue up to do意为排队做……。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
为了买一张票，我们得排好几个钟头的队。
We had to stand/wait in ________________ hours to buy a ticket.
答案：queue for
5Other comedians rely on visual humour.
其它喜剧演员要依靠视觉幽默。
品味经典
①We may rely on /upon his promises.
我们可以依赖他的诺言。
②Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.
很多工作的女性靠亲戚帮助照看孩子。
③I rely on the Internet for news.
我依靠因特网看新闻。
④You may rely on it that she won’t be late.
你可以放心，她不会迟到的。
自我探究
rely on是固定短语，意为依赖，依靠，信赖，指望。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)你放心好了，他会来见你的。
You may__________________he will come to meet you.
(2)杰克逊依靠药物入睡。
Jackson________pills ________________________.
(3)他在如何学英语方面总是靠老师的指点。
He always________________________________advice on how to learn English.
答案：(1)rely on it that
(2)relies on；to go to sleep
(3)relies on the teacher for
6 The last kind of comedian does impressions—he or she will act or speak like a well known person in order to make fun of that person.
最后一种表演方式就是印象模仿类单口喜剧。这类演员的动作或讲话方式都像某个名人，目的是取笑该名人。
品味经典
①It’s bad manners to make fun of a person who is in trouble.
拿困境中的人开玩笑是不礼貌的。
②Don’t make fun of the disabled；everyone has his self respect.别取笑残疾人，每个人都有自尊。
③She said it for fun.她是说着玩的。
④Snow is great fun for children，but it is bad luck to drivers.
雪对于儿童来说是乐趣，但对司机而言是恶运。
⑤It is illegal to do the hunting whether to have fun or to make money.
打猎是不合法的，不管是为了取乐还是为了赚钱。
自我探究
make fun of是固定搭配，意为取笑，拿……开玩笑。
归纳拓展
【注意】 fun是一个不可数名词
(2)funny adj.可笑的，滑稽的
牛刀小试
(1)I feel silly in these clothes.Everyone will________me.
A．worry about B．make fun of
C．get rid of D．take interest in
解析：选B。句意“穿着这些衣服我感觉真傻，每个人都会笑话我的。”make fun of“嘲笑，笑话”；worry about“担心……”；get rid of“摆脱掉，除掉……”；take interest in“对……感兴趣”。
(2)Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing，as long as we were together，________fun.
A．had B．have
C．to have D．having
解析：选D。此处考查现在分词短语作伴随状语。故选D。
(3)This is not a match.We’re playing chess just for________.
A．habit B．hobby
C．fun D．game
解析：选C。句意：这不是比赛，我们下棋只是为了消遣。for fun表示“开玩笑地，闹着玩地”。
7While this kind of humour may sound cruel，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑的对象时，这种幽默才奏效。
品味经典
①I have affection for Alice.
我爱慕爱丽丝。
②The global warming affected the rainfall here.
全球变暖影响了这里的降雨量。
③He was deeply affected by the story.
他被那个故事深深地感动了。
④Cancer had affected his lungs.
癌已侵袭到他的肺部。
自我探究
affection是名词，意为爱慕，喜爱，have affection for意为爱慕……。
归纳拓展
⑤The incident had a good effect on her.
那件事对她有良好的影响。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我很喜欢纽约。
I______________________________New York.
(2)她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。
They________________________ by the news of her death.
答案：(1)have a great affection for (2)were deeply affected
8People around the world enjoy watching him when he hosts the Academy Awards.
全世界的人们都喜爱看他主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼。
品味经典
①The award for this year’s best actress went to Meryl Streep.
本年度最佳女演员的得奖者是梅丽尔·斯特里普。
②Mary has been awarded a scholarship to study further at Cambridge University.
玛丽获得了去剑桥大学深造的奖学金。
③The court awarded him damages of $50,000.
法院判给他50000美元的损害赔偿费。
自我探究
在①中award是名词，意为奖品，奖项；在②③中award是动词，意为颁奖，授予，award sth.to sb.＝award sb.sth.意思是把某物颁发给某人。
易混辨析
prize，award，reward
易混词语 辨析 例句
prize 奖赏，奖品；如在竞争或在比赛中给予的或力求获得的作为对优胜者嘉奖的东西 I won a prize for running.
我跑步得了奖。
易混词语 辨析 例句
award 奖品，奖；因优点而奖励或授予的东西，常可作动词，表示“颁发” We all thought the award was fair.我们都认为这个奖赏是公平的。
reward 对某人工作、服务的报答，也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮失主找到物品得到的赏金或酬金(可数) A ￡1,000 reward has been offered for the return of the stolen painting.悬赏1000英镑找失窃的画。
牛刀小试
用award，prize，reward的正确形式填空：
(1)Medals____________to the best speakers on the debating team.
(2)He____________the____________for being the fastest runner.
(3)The____________went to the youngest runner.
(4)Her book gained several literary____________.
(5)Anyone providing information which leads to the recovery of the painting will____________.
答案：(1)were awarded；(2)was rewarded；prize；
(3)award；(4)prizes；(5)be rewarded
9Each time，he performs his stand up routine in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast live on TV.
每次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼的时候，他都会通过电视直播在数百万观众面前表演他的单口喜剧。
品味经典
①We watched a live television show.
我们观看了一场电视现场直播的表演。
②The football game was televised live.
足球比赛是由电视直播的。
自我探究
在①中live是形容词，意为现场直播的；在②中live是副词，意为现场直播地。
归纳拓展
(1)live做形容词，还可意为“有生命的，活着的”，用于指物，放在名词前，只可作定语。 (2)live还有动词词性，意为“居住，生活”。
③Their parents sell live fish at the market.
他们的父母在市场上卖活鱼。
④He lives at No.3 Beijing Road.
他住在北京路3号。
易混辨析
live，alive，living，lively
指人/物 成份 意义
live 物 定，表 活的；现场直播的，实况的
alive 人，物 后置定语，表，宾补 活着的(与dead相对)
living 人，物 定，表 活着的，健在的
lively 人，物 定，表 活泼的，活跃的，充满生气的
牛刀小试
用live，lively，alive，living填空：
(1)Who is the greatest man________？
(2)There is a (n)________program on TV about Olympic Games tonight.
(3)It is said that the little girl has a (n)________mind.
(4)Her grandfather is still________at the age of 93.
答案：(1)alive； (2)live； (3)lively； (4)living
10...，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.
他总能就身边的人或事即兴想出新笑话。
品味经典
①He first came up with the good idea of going to visit a factory.是他首先提出去参观工厂这个好主意的。
②The subject came up in conversation.
谈话中提到了这个话题。
③When is his novel coming out
他的小说何时出版？
④She came across some old photographs in a drawer.
她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。
自我探究
come up with是固定短语，意为想出，提出(办法，主意等)。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
(1)At the meeting，the old man________some good advice and all the people there agreed with him.
A．came about B．came along
C．came up with D．came out
解析：选C。句意：在会上，那位老人提出一些好的建议，所有的人都赞同。come up with想出，提出。
(2)This was a really difficult question，but a little boy________a good answer.
A．came up to B．came out
C．came up with D．came round
解析：选C。句意：“这是一个非常难的问题，但一个小男孩想出了一个好答案。”come up with想出，提出。
11Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.
克里斯托深受各年龄段人群的喜爱，他有能力让世人感到开心。
品味经典
①His story amused the children greatly.
他的故事逗得那些孩子们十分开心。
②Clare was highly amused by the little boy’s amusing antics.克莱尔被那小男孩逗人发笑的举止逗乐了。
③He was bored at home，so he began to amuse himself by playing computer games.
他在家里无聊，就玩电脑游戏取乐。
自我探究
amuse是动词，意为使愉快，使高兴，及物动词
归纳托展
【助记】
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)这家旅馆为顾客提供了各种各样的娱乐活动。
The hotel offers its guests a__________________.
(2)使我感到极其好笑的是，他的假胡子掉下来了。
____________________________，his false beard fell off.
(3)大家听了关于那只狗的故事都笑了起来。
Everyone____________________the story about the dog.
答案：(1)variety of amusements
(2)To my great amusement
(3)was amused by/at
12Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest
你认为上面哪件事是最有趣的？
品味经典
①What do you think you are doing
你认为你正在做什么？
②How do you suppose they can answer these questions
你认为他们能如何回答这些问题？
句型巧析
③When do you expect they will come back
你期望他们什么时候回来？
④I don’t think it’s right to do so.
我认为这样做是不对的。
⑤I think he has been to Beijing，hasn’t he
我认为他去过北京，对不对？
⑥He thinks their team is sure to win the game，doesn’t he
他认为他们队一定会赢得比赛，对不对？
自我探究
疑问词＋do you think＋其余部分(陈述语序)？意为你认为……？
归纳拓展
能用于此句型的动词还有：believe，suppose，imagine，suggest，expect等。如果后面从句里有否定含义，往往需要进行否定转移，即把从句的否定词移到主句中。
(1)若该句型变为反意疑问句，主句主语是第一人称且是现在时态时，反问部分与从句一致，否则与主句一致。
(2)do you think/expect/suppose等作插入语插入句中时，其后要用陈述语序；若插在句末，则对句子语序无影响。
⑦I think that he has been to Shanghai，hasn’t he
我认为他去过上海，是不是？
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)________be sent to work here
A．Who do you suggest
B．Whom do you suggest that should
C．Do you suggest who should
D．Do you suggest whom should
解析：选A。此题考查带有插入语的特殊疑问句。此句构成形式为“特殊疑问词＋do you suggest＋陈述句”。句意：你建议谁应该被派往这里工作？可知选A。
(2)(2011年海淀模拟)How long do you think________the computer company brings out a new product
A．it will be before B．will it be until
C．will it be when D．it will be that
解析：选A。本题考查句子结构。do you think虽可看作插入语，但在本句中起了主句的作用，how long为宾语从句的引导词，习惯上提到句首使用。因此，think之后的宾语从句部分应该用陈述语序。从句部分考查句型It is/will be＋一段时间＋before...“直到……才……”。
汉译英
(3)你认为会议会在哪里举行？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Where do you think the meeting will be held
(4)我们认为扔掉别人的私人信件是不礼貌的。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：We don’t think it is polite to throw others’ private letters away.
(5)小丽相信我会很快恢复的，是不是？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Xiaoli believes that I will recover soon，doesn’t she
13①For example，one comedian uses a huge hammer to break watermelons while he makes jokes about what he is doing.
例如，一个喜剧演员在对自己正在做的事说笑话的同时用一个大锤去砸西瓜。
②While this kind of humour may sound cruel，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
尽管这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑的对象时，这种幽默才奏效。
品味经典
①Need I water your plants while you are away
你不在的时候，需要我帮你的植物浇水吗？
②While I like the colour of the computer，I don’t like its shape.
我虽然喜欢这台电脑的颜色，但我却不喜欢它的形状。
③Some people are optimistic about Liu Xiang’s returning in the athletic field while others remain suspicious of it.
一些人很看好刘翔重回赛场，然而另一些人持怀疑态度。
④While he was yet a youth，he gained many prizes.
他虽然很年轻，但获得过很多奖项。
自我探究
在①中while引导时间状语从句，意为当……时候，在……期间，和……同时；在②中while引导让步状语从句，意为尽管，虽然。
归纳拓展
while还可作并列连词，构成并列句，意为“然而，但是”，相当于and then，强调前后两种情况的对比，此时，while一般位于句中。while引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有be，则从句主语和be可以省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。
牛刀小试
(1)(2010年高考大纲全国卷Ⅰ)Mary made coffee________her guests were finishing their meal.
A．so that B．although
C．while D．as if
解析：选C。句意：等客人快用完餐时，玛丽准备了咖啡。so that表示“以至于，为了”，引导结果与目的状语从句；although表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；while“当……的时候；虽然”，可以引导时间状语从句和让步状语从句。as if “好像”，引导方式状语从句；根据句意以及四个选项的用法可知选C。
(2)Rose couldn’t concentrate________what she was doing________her family were watching TV.
A．to；when B．on；while
C．for；when D．in；while
解析：选B。考查时间状语从句。concentrate on专注于；while在……的时候/期间。
(3)The bike hit the tree________I could get off.
A．when B．before
C．until D．while
解析：选B。考查时间状语从句。before在……之前，还没来得及，就……。句意为：我还没来得及下自行车，车就撞到树上了。
(4)________I appreciate the honor，I couldn’t accept the position.
A．While B．As
C．Since D．When
解析：选A。while“虽然，尽管”，相当于though，引导让步状语从句。句意为：虽然我喜欢这份荣誉，但我不能接受这个职务。
14Whatever the reason，research shows that in the end，the English saying，‘Laughter is the best medicine’，may be true after all.
不管是什么原因，研究表明，英语格言“笑是灵丹妙药”到头来可能真的没错。
品味经典
①You can turn to the people’s police for help，whatever kinds of trouble you are in.
无论遇到什么困难，你都可以求助于人民警察。
②No matter what happened，he wouldn’t lose heart.
＝Whatever happened，he wouldn’t lose heart.
无论发生了什么，他都不会灰心的。
③No matter who you are，you must keep the law.
(＝Whoever you are，you must keep the law.)
不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。
④I’ll eat whatever(≠no matter what)you give me.(whatever引导宾语从句)
你给我吃什么，我就吃什么。
⑤Whoever(≠No matter who)comes will be welcome.(whoever引导主语从句)
不管谁来都将受到欢迎。
自我探究
在上面的句子中，whatever引导让步状语从句，意为无论什么……。
归纳拓展
疑问词 ever和no matter＋疑问词
(1)whatever，whichever，whoever可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。引导让步状语从句时，可以换成no matter what/which/who，位置可以在主句前，也可以在主句后。
(2)wherever，whenever，however只能引导让步状语从句，可以换成no matter，where/when/how，可放在主句前或主句后。
(3)however引导让步状语从句时，however起双重作用，一是引导让步状语从句，二是修饰某一个形容词或副词，而这个形容词或副词要紧接在它之后。
牛刀小试
(1)________hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A．Whatever B．Whenever
C．Wherever D．However
解析：选D。句意：无论多么饿，看来我都吃不了这个面包。no matter how或however无论多么/怎样，修饰形容词或副词。whatever修饰名词，表示“无论什么”；whenever不管什么时候，无论何时；wherever不管什么地方，无论何地。所以答案是D。
(2)The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T shirt________the season.
A．whatever B．wherever
C．whenever D．however
解析：选A。句意：这位律师不管是什么季节，除了穿牛仔和T恤，其余服饰几乎都不穿。whatever在句中引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。
(3)These wild flowers are so special that I would do________I can to save them.
A．whatever B．that
C．which D．whichever
解析：选A。句中I can后省略了do，即应为I can do to save them，do后没有宾语，所以应用whatever，意为“任何事情，不论什么”。
(4)Could I speak to________is in charge of International Sales，please
A．anyone B．someone
C．whoever D．no matter who
解析：选C。句中speak to后没有宾语，is前没有主语，所以应用whoever连接，既作speak to的宾语，又作is的主语，意为“任何人”。
Stand up for your health!
People have always enjoyed laughing，and there has always been humour.One favourite type of comedy is called stand up.Stand up is a kind of comedy that is done on a stage by a comedian talking straight to audience members.A stand up comedian may tease an audience member，or might decide to tell different jokes depending upon how the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes.
Types of stand up
译文助读
There are a variety of different styles of stand up comedy.Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life.For example，they may talk about how people act when they queue up
，or they may ask why it only rains when you forget your umbrella.Other comedians rely on visual humour.Their humour may be inspired by objects.For example，one comedian uses a huge hammer to break watermelons while he makes jokes about what he is doing.Another comedian points to a
video tennis game and says，‘I’ve been playing tennis every day for a month.I don’t understand why I am not losing weight！’Yet other comedians may trip over chairs，walk into doors，and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.This kind of absurd humour is not very funny if you are only listening and not watching the comedian’s
performance.The last kind of comedian does impressions－he or she will act or speak like a well known person in order to make fun of that person.While this kind of humour may sound cruel，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
欣赏单口喜剧促进身心健康！
人们从来爱笑，幽默一直存在。有一种非常出名、深受人们喜爱的喜剧形式，叫做单口喜剧。单口喜剧是一种喜剧演员在台上可以和观众直接交谈的喜剧。单口喜剧演员可以拿某一观众开玩笑，也可以根据观众的反应随机应变，说不同的笑话。
单口喜剧的类型
单口喜剧有不同的类型，一些演员拿自己在日常生活中所观察到的幽默趣事来讲笑话。例如，他们可以就人们在排队时的行为方式开玩笑，或者演员问为什么偏偏在你忘记带雨伞的时候开始下雨呢？另外的喜剧演员依靠视觉幽默，他们的幽默要借助物品来激发。例如，一个喜剧演员一边用个大锤子砸西瓜，一边就自己所做的事说笑话。另外一个演员指着一个电脑网球游戏说：“我每天都打网球，已经一个月了。我就是搞不懂，为什么体重就一点也
降不下来呢？”然而，还有其他喜剧演员为了让人们笑可能故意被椅子绊倒，撞到房门上或者跌倒在舞台上。这类荒谬的幽默如果你只是听而不看演员的表演的话，就索然无味了。最后一种喜剧演员做印象模仿。为了取笑某个名人，他们会模仿这个人的行为和说话方式。这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑对象时，这种幽默才奏效。
A famous comedian
Only a few stand up comedians have become famous as television and film performers later on in life.One such person is Billy Crystal.Like other stand up comedians who have gone on to act in films，Crystal still enjoys stand up.People around the world enjoy watching him when he hosts the Academy Awards.He has hosted the show eight times.Each time，he performs his
stand up routine in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast live on TV.One little known fact is that when Crystal is the host of the Academy Awards，he always keeps a toothbrush in his pocket for good luck.He says it is because when he started practising stand up as a child，he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror，brushing his teeth.
One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.When Crystal was the host of the 2004 Academy Awards，a very old actor，who had acted in films before they had sound，gave a speech.He talked for several minutes，but there was a technical problem，and no one in the
audience could hear him.They could only see him standing there moving his lips.Instead of telling the joke he had planned，Crystal made up a new one.He said，‘It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films！’The audience howled with laughter.
Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.This proves that stand up can be enjoyed by everyone.You can expect to hear a lot more from Billy Crystal－he has no plans to stop making films，or to stop telling jokes.He hopes to follow in the footsteps of other famous comedians，such as Bob Hope and George Burns，who lived to be 100 years old and kept working until nearly the end of their lives.
Laughter is good for your health!
Nowadays，stand up comedy is popular all over the world.Doctors have been researching what effect stand up and other forms of comedy have on us，and have discovered that people who laugh a lot live longer.They say this is because when you laugh，your brain sends chemicals around your body that are good for you.Laughing helps your body stay healthy and can even help you fight pain.
Maybe this explains the long lives of men like Bob Hope and George Burns.Whatever the reason，research shows that in the end，the English saying，‘Laughter is the best medicine’，may be true after all.So，go and make someone laugh－it just might help them (and you) live longer.
一位著名的喜剧演员
只有为数不多的单口喜剧演员在随后的生涯中成为走红的影视明星。一个成功的例子就是比利·克里斯托。和其他转向电影表演的单口喜剧演员一样，克里斯托现在依然热爱单口喜剧。全世界的观众都喜爱看他主持的奥斯卡颁奖典礼。他曾主持过八次奥斯卡颁奖典礼。每次主持奥斯卡颁
奖典礼的时候，他都会通过电视直播在数百万观众面前表演他的单口喜剧节目。这里有一个鲜为人知的事实：每次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼的时候，克里斯托总要在自己的口袋里放一把牙刷，以此得到幸运！他说，这是因为从小时候开始练习单口喜剧的时候，他就习惯于站在镜子面前，边刷牙边对自己说笑话！
克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他有非凡的即兴发挥才能。他思维异常敏捷、特别擅长就身边的人或事即兴编排笑话。当克里斯托主持2004年的奥斯卡颁奖典礼时，期间有一个老演员，他在无电影时代就开始表演，要上台发言。老演员讲了好几分钟，却出现一个技术问题，观众自然没有人能够听见他在说些什么，大家只能看见他站在那里，两片嘴唇动个不停。见此情景，克里斯托干脆放弃了事先准备好的笑话，即兴编了一个笑话。他说：“看来，他不愧是从默片起家的啊！”观众爆笑。
克里斯托深受各年龄人群的喜爱，他有能力让世人感到开心，这证明，单口喜剧能被所有人欣赏。你可以期待听到比利·克里斯托表演更多的单口喜剧——他尚无停止电影表演的打算，也没有停止讲笑话的想法。他希望效仿鲍勃·霍普和乔治·伯恩斯等单口喜剧明星，这两位著名演员都活到了一百岁，而且生命不息、工作不止。
笑，有益健康！
如今，单口喜剧流行全世界。医学工作者一直在研究单口喜剧和其他喜剧形式能够对人们产生什么样的影响。他们发现经常大笑的人长寿。他们说，这是因为你笑的时候，大脑会向全身传送有益健康的化学物质。笑有助于保持身体健康，甚至能够帮助你战胜疼痛。这个说法或许能够解释鲍勃·霍普和乔治·伯恩斯两人长寿的秘诀吧！不管是什么原因，研究表明，英语格言“笑是灵丹妙药”到头来可能真的没错。所以，行动起来，让别人笑一笑——这或许能够有助于他们(以及你自己)长命百岁！
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Unit 1 Laughter is good for you
教材背景链接
Men show their character in nothing more clearly than by what they find laughable.
没有什么比一个人发现什么东西可笑更能表现他的性格。
If you don’t learn to laugh at troubles，you won’t have anything to laugh at when you grow old.
—Edward W．Howe
如果你不学会在麻烦时笑，当你变老时，你不会对任何东西笑。 ——爱德华·豪
名言佳句
Laughter is the shortest distance between two people.
—Victor Borge
笑是两个人之间最短的距离。 ——维克托·伯盖
The most wasted day of all is that during which we have not laughed.
—Sebastian R．N.Chamfort
最浪费的日子是没有笑声的日子。
——塞巴斯蒂安·查姆福特
类文欣赏
There is an English saying：“Laughter is the best medicine.”Until recently few people took the saying seriously.However，doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart，blood pressure，breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.It increases blood pressure，the heart beat and breathing；it also works several groups of muscles in the face，the stomach，and even the feet.If laughter exercises the body it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.In one experiment，doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programmes.The group that tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny programme.The reason why laughter reduces pain seems to be that it helps to produce chemical in the brain which diminishes both stress and pain.
As a result of these discoveries，some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics，in which they help improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh.They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing，making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
Read the passage and tell the following sentences true (T) or false (F)．
1．Laughter can be tolerated.( )
2．Laughter is a way to reduce pain.( )
3．Laughter can work the muscles in the feet.( )
Keys：1.F 2.T 3.T
