(共87张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Task & Project
速效提能演练
Unit 1
写作专题突破
Section Ⅲ
重点难点探究
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1He thinks that I need to arrange_to spend even more time working on my basketball skills.
他认为我必须安排好，把更多的时间花在训练篮球技巧上。
品味经典
①The teacher arranged the books on the shelves.
老师把书架上的书整理好。
②I have arranged for a car to meet you at the airport.
我已安排了一辆小汽车到(飞)机场接你。
③I have arranged to meet her at ten o’clock.
我已约好十点钟去见她。
④Let us know when you are free.We’ll arrange the tour for you.
请告诉我们你(你们)什么时候有空。我们好做行程安排。
自我探究
arrange 是动词，意为安排，整理，arrange sth.意为安排好，整理好……；arrange for sb./sth.to do sth. 意为安排某人或某物做……；arrange to do 意为约定/安排做……；arrange sth.for sb.意为为某人安排某事。
归纳拓展
⑤The local newsPaper made arrangements for an interview with Professor Stein.
当地报纸安排对斯坦教授进行专访。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)她在度假前把业务都安排好了。
She ________________________ before going on a holiday.
(2)我已经安排了车子去机场接你。
I’ve ________________a car to meet you at the airport.
(3)我已和邻居商量好喂猫的事。
I’ve ____________the neighbours ________feeding the cats.
答案：(1)arranged all her business affairs (2)arranged for
(3)arranged with；about
2Whichever way I look at it，I’ll never be really good at anything unless I quit doing everything else.
无论我从哪个方面看，除非我放弃其他所有的事，否则我就不会做好任何一件事。
品味经典
①You cannot quit smoking too soon.
你愈早戒烟愈好。
②We only just started，we’re not going to quit now.
我们才刚刚开始，现在决不放弃。
自我探究
quit 是动词，意为停止，戒掉；可以用作①及物动词，quit doing sth.意为放弃做某事；也可用作②不及物动词。
归纳拓展
③He had to quit school to work，as his family could not afford his tuition fees.
由于家里实在拿不出学费，他只好放弃学业打工去了。
④We decided it was time to quit the city.
当时我们决定，该离开城市生活了。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我希望你们都别抱怨了。
I wish you’d all ________________.
(2)他上个月辞职了。
He ________________last week.
答案：(1)quit complaining (2)quit his job
3...，no guarantee to have a future like Yao Ming.
……不能保证有一个像姚明一样的将来。
品味经典
①Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time
你能向我保证该工作会按时完成吗？
②It’s still under guarantee so the manufacturer will repair it.这个仍在保修期内，所以厂家会给修理的。
自我探究
guarantee 在上面例句中是名词，意为保证，①give sb.a guarantee that...意为向某人保证……，②under guarantee 意为在保修期内。
归纳拓展
(sb.)sth./sth.(to sb.),(向某人)保证某事
to do 保证做……
sb./sth.against/from,保证……不受/免遭……
that?clause 保证……
guarantee＋
guarantee vt.保证
be guaranteed to do sth.一定会……
③The ticket will guarantee you free entry.
这张票可以保证你免费入场。
④This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire.这种保险可以保证你在遇到火灾时免受损失。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)毫无疑问我们的政府能够保障我们的基本人权。
There is no doubt that our government can____________________.
(2)我到那里你能保证给我一份工作吗？
Can you ________________when I get there
(3)我们保证马上调查此案。
We ____________________the case at once.
答案：(1)guarantee our basic human rights (2)guarantee me a job (3)guarantee to look into
单项填空
(4)The company ________that they would deliver my order within two days，which made me satisfied.
A．attempted B．guaranteed
C．impressed D．predicted
解析：选B。句意：“那家公司保证在两天内给我送货，这让我很满意”。 guarantee “保证”。
4 It is nice to look back on my school days in the countryside in England.
回想在英格兰乡村上学的岁月是一件愉快的事。
品味经典
①My grandparents always look back on their bitter life in the old society.
我的爷爷奶奶总是回忆他们在旧社会的痛苦生活。
自我探究
look back on 是固定短语，意为回忆，回想。
归纳拓展
②I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.
我一直很 敬重比尔，他既勇敢又果断。
③Look out for your aunt while you are at the station.
你在车站时，留神看着你的姨妈。
④I look on him as a good friend.
我视他为好朋友。
牛刀小试
用 look 短语的适当形式填空
(1)She used to sit there，________________her happy childhood.
(2)The little boy is ________________his mother’s coming back.
(3)I’ve been ________________this accident this afternoon.
(4)There are some papers I have to ________________ this weekend.
答案：(1)looking back on (2)looking forward to (3)looking into (4)look through
5I remember sometimes feeling in a rush to grow up and be independent，but I was still very happy.
我记得有时候能够感觉到恨不得一下子就长大并且独立的冲动，但我仍然非常开心。
品味经典
①I can’t stop —I’m in a rush.
我不能停下来，我忙着呢。
②Don’t travel at rush hour.
不要在交通高峰期间出行。
自我探究
在上面的例句中，rush 是名词，意为匆忙，仓促；in a rush 意为急忙，匆忙；rush hour 意为交通高峰期。
归纳拓展
③Fans rushed the stage after the concert.
音乐会结束后，歌迷一下子涌向舞台。
④I’m not going to be rushed into anything.
我不会受人催促草率地做任何事情。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)孩子们冲出学校。
The children ________________the school.
(2)人们抢着买股份。
People ________________ buy the shares.
(3)救护车将伤者火速送往医院。
Ambulances ________________ to hospital.
答案：(1)rushed out of (2)rushed to (3)rushed the injured
单项填空
(4)We were in ________ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.
A．a rush so anxious B．a such anxious rush
C．so an anxious rush D．such an anxious rush
解析：选D。rush 作名词，意为“匆忙，仓促”；in a rush 是固定短语“匆忙”；such an anxious rush ＝so anxious a rush.
6At the weekends，for entertainment I could see friends，visit my grandparents，read books or play sport.
在周末，我可以高高兴兴地去看看朋友，爷爷奶奶，看看书，进行一下运动。
品味经典
①This law applies to all places of public entertainment.
这一法侓适用于一切公共娱乐场所。
②She played the piano for our entertainment.
她弹钢琴为我们助兴。
③We are delighted in entertainment of our friends.
我们喜欢款待朋友。
自我探究
entertainment 是名词，在①中意为娱乐；在②中意为乐趣；在③中意为款待，招待。
归纳拓展
④Last Sunday，we saw an entertaining play.
上周日，我们看了一部有趣的戏剧。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们。
Bob and Liz ________________________last night.
(2)他以他的故事和笑话带给了我们4小时的快乐时光。
He ____________us four hours ________his stories and jokes.
答案：(1)entertained us to dinner (2)entertained ；with
7 We will have handy robots and computers to assist us with the things that are boring.
至于那些枯燥无味的事情，将有机器人和电脑来帮助我们处理。
品味经典
①With respect to your requests，we regret that we are unable to assist you in this matter.
关于你的要求，很抱歉，我们在这件事上不能帮助你。
②Two police officers are assigned to assist him with his investigation.
两名警官被派来协助他调查。
③She assisted him to build the house.
她帮他盖房子。
自我探究
assist 是动词，意思是帮助，①assist sb.in...②assist sb.with sth.③assist sb.to do 三个结构的意思是帮助某人做某事。
归纳拓展
④Despite his cries，no one came to his assistance.
尽管他大声喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。
⑤I can’t move this piano without assistance.
没有人帮忙，我可挪不动这架钢琴。
牛刀小试
We may be able to ________ you in some way if you can not finish your work on time.
A．assist B．insist
C．provide D．evaluate
解析：选A。assist sb.in sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。
8 I remember sometimes feeling in a rush to grow up and be independent，but I was still very happy.
我记得有时候能够感觉到恨不得一下子就长大并且独立的冲动，但我仍然非常开心。
品味经典
①I remember meeting her at a party once.
我记得曾在一次聚会上见过她。
句型巧析
②Remember to turn off the lights when you leave.
记得离开时关灯。
自我探究
remember 后既可跟动词不定式，又可跟动名词作宾语；remember to do 意为记得去做……，动作还没发生；remember doing 意为记得做过……，动作已做完。
归纳拓展
③I regret not having accepted your advice.
我后悔没听你的劝告。(not accept 在前，regret 在后)
④I regret to say I haven’t given you enough help.
我很遗憾地说我没有给你充分的帮助。(regret 在前，say 在后)
⑤I forget having post the letter.
我忘了寄了信了。(信已寄)
⑥I forget to post the letter.
我忘了寄信了。(信没寄)
牛刀小试
(1)Jack ________Rose yesterday，but she was not in.That means ________up the chance.
A．meant to tell；to give
B．mean telling；giving
C．meant telling；to give
D．meant to tell；giving
解析：选D。考查动词?ing 形式和不定式作宾语。mean to do sth.“打算、意欲做某事”；mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”。
(2)—Oh，the TV has been on all night long.
—Pardon me.But I remembered ________it off before going to bed.
A．turning B．to turn
C．turned D．turn
解析：选A。根据句意“电视开了一整夜”“对不起，但我记得睡觉前关掉了。”remember doing “记得做某事了”。
(3)I still remember ________to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
A．to take B．to be taken
C．taking D．being taken
解析：选D。remember doing 表示动作已经完成，记得做过某事了，而 remember to do 表示动作尚未发生；根据下文 saw 可知，动作已经完成且与逻辑主语是被动关系，应用 being taken 形式。句意：我记得被带去过 Famen Temple，并记得在那里所看到的一切。故选D项。
9 All I had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home.
我要做的就是上学，以及回家后再花几个小时学习。
品味经典
①All I had to do was enjoy my adolescence.
我要做的一切就是享受我的少年时光。
②What she could do was help him with money.
她所能做的是在金钱方面帮助他。
自我探究
①All sb./does/did is /was (to)do... 是一个常用句型，意为某人做能做的是……，相当于②what sb.do/does/did is/was(to)do...，在此结构中，(to)do 作表语，to 可用可不用。
归纳拓展
在此结构中，省略表语中的不定式符号 to 的条件是：主语中含有实义动词 do 的某种形式。否则 to 不可省。
③All I wanted was to have a chance to speak.
我想要的一切就是有个说话的机会。
牛刀小试
完成句子并进行句型转换
此刻我们能做的就是坐下来等。
At present，________________is ________________and ________________.
→At present ________________is ________________and ________________.
答案：All we can do；sit down；wait
What we can do；sit down；wait
10 I wish I could still play sport because that made me very happy.
我真希望我还能进行体育活动，因为体育活动能够让我感到非常愉快。
品味经典
①I wish that I knew something about programming.
我希望我懂一点程序设计就好了。
自我探究
wish 后跟宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。
归纳拓展
动词 虚拟情况 宾语从句谓语形式
wish 与将来事实相反 would do
与现在的事实相反 did/were
与过去事实相反 had done
②I wished that I knew something about programming.
我当时希望我懂一点程序设计就好了。
③They wish that they hadn’t said it to us.
他们希望他们没有对我们说过那件事。
④They wished that they hadn’t said it to us.
他们当时希望他们没有对我们说过那件事。
⑤I wish that you would get younger and younger.
但愿你越来越年轻。
牛刀小试
(1)How I wish I ________my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A．shut B．have shut
C．had shut D．would shut
解析：选C。wish 的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。表示现在不能实现的愿望：wish＋that＋主语＋were/did；表示过去没有实现的愿望：wish＋that＋主语＋had done。由 I shouted at my mum 可知，这是表示过去没有实现的愿望。故只有C项符合题意。
(2)How I wish every family ________a large house with a beautiful garden!
A．has B．had
C．will have D．had had
解析：选B。wish 后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反的愿望，故从句谓语动词要用过去式。
(3)(2011年高考北京卷)—Where are the children The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they ________ always late.
A．weren’t B．hadn’t been
C．wouldn’t be D．wouldn’t have been
解析：选A。句意：“孩子们在哪儿？这顿饭要彻底毁了。”“我但愿他们不会总来晚。”从“Where are the children？”可知，说话人指现在。根据动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的用法可知，表示与现在事实相反的情况时，从句用一般过去时态，因此选项A正确。
译文助读
Golden days
It is nice to look back on my school days in the countryside in England.I had all my friends around me and the encouragement and guidance of my family.My whole life was still ahead of me.At that point in my life，I could have done anything or become anyone.I think those golden days at school weer the happiest of my life.
I remember sometimes feeling in a rush to grow up and be independent，but I was still very happy.I didn’t have any worries in life.I could spend all day outs ide，playing in the sunshine with my friends，and we always had interesting things to talk about.At home，my parents took care of everything important.All I had to do was
go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home.At the weekends，for entertainment I could see friends，visit my grandparents，read books or play sport.As an innocent child，I didn’t need to think about hardships such as problems at work，or worry about income or how to take care of a family.All I had to do was enjoy my adolescence.
Young people should never forget that good health is an important part of happiness.It is hard to stay happy and cheerful when you are ill，or when you are old and your body aches.When I was young，I could run many kilometres and I would not feel tired.I felt like I could do anything.Now I am getting old—it is easy for me to get tired，and I must be careful not to hurt myself.I wish I could still play sport because that made me very happy.
I’ve had a wonderful life and I’m proud when I think about my achievements.I have been happy about different things at different times during my life，but my most vivid and happiest memories are those of school days，so I think that was the happiest time in my life.
黄金岁月
回想在英格兰乡村上学的岁月是一件愉快的事。那时候，我身边都是自己的朋友，家人时时给我鼓励和指导。我整个的生活还都在前面等着我。在人生的那个阶段，我本可以干任何事、成为任何人。我觉得上学的那些黄金岁月是我一生中最幸福的时光。
我记得有时候能够感觉到恨不得一下子就长大并且独立的冲动，但我仍然非常开心。我生活中没有任何烦恼。我可以整天都呆在外面，和自己的朋友在太阳底下玩耍，和朋友们没完没了地谈有趣的事情。在家里，我的父母管所有的大事。我要做的事就是上学，以及回家后再学习几个小时。到了周末，我可以去看朋友、到我爷爷奶奶家、读书或者进行体育锻炼。我那时还是一个天真的孩子，不必思考工作上的各种问题，也没有必要为收入而担忧，或者担负照顾家庭的重任。我要做的一切就是享受我的少年时光。
年轻人要切记，健康的身体是幸福的重要组成部分。当你生了病，你就很难感到幸福和开心了，或者在年纪大了、身子骨疼痛的时候。年轻的时候，我可以跑上好多公里也不觉得累，我觉得自己什么都能做。如今，我上了年纪，动不动就觉得累，我还必须小心翼翼，以免自己受伤。我真希望我还能进行体育活动，因为体育活动能够让我感到非常愉快。
我过了精彩的一生，想到这一生中自己取得的成就我感到骄傲。在我这一生中，不同阶段我所做的不同的事情我都为之自豪，但在我脑海里印象最鲜明、记忆中最幸福的时光还是我求学的那些日子，所以我觉得那是我一生中最幸福的时光。
My future happiness
When I imagine my future，I see myself successful in my job and surrounded by my family.I predict there will be new technology which will allow people to live longer and be healthier.This is why I think my happiest days will be in the future.
The technology of the future will allow me and my family to be healthy，and never worry about illness.No one will be sad because humans will have learnt to fix many of the problems that affect us now，like war，pollution and hunger.People will be able to communicate better.Technology will guarantee good health and happiness for all.I imagine that the workday will be only four hours long，and everyone can
work part?time jobs that are very interesting.We will have handy robots and computers to assist us with the things that are boring.This will simplify our lives.Maybe there will even be automatic kitchens to cook instant meals for us.Then families will be able to spend the maximum amount of their precious time enjoying each other’s company minimum and the amount of time doing housework.
I will also be happy because I will be an adult then.It’s hard to focus on being happy when you are a teenager！We have to work so hard at school ，and when we try to take time to relax，there is always someone telling us things we should be doing or learning.In the future，I will be more mature and be able to make my own decisions and do the things that I enjoy.I will have a secure job that I like and I will find happiness in being successful at it.
It is nice to think that my happiest days are still ahead of me.Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can enjoy my future life.
未来的幸福
想像自己的未来，我看到的是自己工作成功，家人围绕在身边共享天伦之乐的情景。我认为，到那个时候新的科学技术可让人更加长寿、更加健康。正因为如此，我认为我最幸福的日子是在将来。
未来的科学技术会保证我和家人身体健康，从来就不为生病烦恼。没有人会感到忧伤，因为到那时人类已经学会解决目前还在影响着我们的许多问题，如战争、环境污染和饥荒。人们彼此之间将会更好地沟通和交谈。未来科技将保证所有人都能拥有健康和幸福！我想像着，在未来每天只需要工作四个小时，而且每个人都可以做各种有趣的兼职。至于那些枯燥无味的事情，将有机器人和电脑来帮助我们处理。这会大大简化我们的生活。甚至说不定还有自动厨房来给我们烹煮快餐。这样，每个家庭就可以花最多的时间和家人相伴，花最少的时间来做家务。
我感到幸福的原因还因为到那时我已是成人了。青少年时期，你很难专注于幸福！我们在学校里需要刻苦学习，一旦抽空放松一下时，总有人告诉你应该做这个、应该学那个。到了将来，我会更加成熟，能够自己做决定，做自己喜欢做的事情。我会有一份稳定并且自己喜欢的工作，我会因为工作成功而找到幸福。
想想自己最幸福的日子还在前头，这感觉真的很好。这样一想，我就有了刻苦学习以享受未来生活的动力。
【写作要求】
假定你是李华。在一个英文网络论坛上，你看到一个名叫Grown?up 的中学生发帖(post)寻求帮助，请根据帖子内容，写作要求和要点回帖。
写作专题突破
【写作要点】
1．告诉 Grown?up 要理解母亲；
2．给Grown?up 提出解决问题的具体建议。
要求：
1．短文须写在答题卡的指定区域。
2．短文词数不少于80(不含已写好的部分)。
3．内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。
4．书写须清晰、工整。
Hi ，Grown?up，
As a student of your age，I understand your situation.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【要点词汇】
1．理解某人的处境____________________
2．伤害某人的感情____________________
3．互相理解____________________
4．做某事的机会____________________
5．分担家务____________________
答案：1.understand one’s situation 2.hurt one’s feelings 3.understand each other 4.opportunities to do sth. 5．share the housework
【句式结构】
1．你所面临的问题在青少年中是常见的。
The problem you are facing is common ______________.
2．和你妈妈谈谈是明智的。
______________ talk with your mother.
3．你应该学会做好自己的事，向妈妈证明你已经长大了。
You should learn to do your own things well，________________ to your mom that you are already a “grown?up”．
答案：1.among our teenagers 2.It’s wise/advisable to 3.proving
【连句成篇】
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【佳作欣赏】
Hi ，Grown?up，
As a student of your age，I understand your situation.The problem you are facing is common among our teenagers.However，it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt her feelings.Here are a few suggestions.
First，it’s advisable to talk more with your mom.Heart to?heart talks help you understand each other better.They are also opportunities to let her know your ideas and attitudes toward many things.
Second，you should learn to do your own things well，proving to your mom that you are already a “grown?up”．It’s even better if you could share more of the housework，such as cleaning，washing and cooking.
Hope my ideas will work.
【类文点津】
1．本篇范文主体分三部分。第一部分(首段)对对方的困惑表示理解；中间部分分为两段，劝告对方应理解母亲，接着提出具体建议；第三部分(末段)提出希望，希望这些建议会有所帮助。
2．本文使用了suggestion，advisable，heart?to?heart，opportunity 等高级词汇。
3．过渡关联词 however，first，second，also 等的使用，让文章衔接更为自然。
4．文章所用句式灵活多样，如使用了定语从句(The problem you are facing is.../...do anything that may hurt her feelings)、it 作形式主语(…it’s advisable to talk more with your mom.)、非谓语动词(proving)、宾语从句(...that you are already a “grown?up”．)及状语从句(if you could share...)等复杂句式。
速效提能演练
词语串串练
Kate was eight years old，she wanted to be a ①gymnast in the future.So her mother took her to visit a famous ②in structor ③directly.The instructor told her though an ④out_standing gymnast was ⑤admirable，it was not easy to ⑥achieve success.
First，she should keep the ⑦motivation to ⑧go after her dream and never ⑨quitted.Then，she had to live ⑩ apart from her parents，learning to live on her own.The most important of all，she must suffer a lot of hardships during the severe training to gain adequate skills.Sometimes they were even unbearable.
凯特八岁了，她想将来做一名体操运
动员。她妈妈直接带她去拜望了一位
著名教练。教练告诉她。尽管一名杰
出的体操运动员令人羡慕，但要取得
成功可不容易。
首先，她应该保持追逐梦想的动力永不放弃。再者，她得离开父母学会独立生活，最重要的是，在严格的训练过程中为了学到足够的技能，她得经受许多艰苦，有时甚至是难以忍受的。
凯特许诺她会做到的。并很快适应了繁忙而艰苦的训练。在此过程中她尽全力遵守全部训练程序。
在教练的帮助下，她终于成功了。她非常感激教练。每次当她在音乐的伴奏下表演时，她都情绪饱满，觉得是一种享受。她妈妈也为她取得的成绩感到非常骄傲。
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
按ESC键退出全屏播放
谢谢使用(共33张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
Word power & Grammar and usage
速效提能演练
Unit 1
语法专题突破
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1She was accompanied by an experienced ski instructor and she learnt very quickly.
由一个有经验的滑雪教练陪同着，她学得非常快。
品味经典
①Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
14岁以下儿童须有成人陪伴。
②The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister.
女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
③Thunder accompanies lightning.
雷随闪电而来。
自我探究
accompany 是动词，意为①伴随，陪伴；②为……伴奏；③与……相伴而行(同时发生)。
归纳拓展
④Senior citizens can benefit from having a pet to keep them company .
有一只宠物做伴对老年人很有好处。
⑤We visited the museum in company with foreign tourists.
我们和几个来旅游的外国人一起参观了博物馆。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我必须请你陪我去警察局。
I must ask you to ________________the police station.
(2)他发烧并伴有头疼。
He had a fever ________________headache.
答案：(1)accompany me to (2)accompanied with
2Since she thought that she knew how to ski well，she decided to practise on her own.
由于她觉得她懂得怎样能滑好了，所以她决定自己练习。
品味经典
①I’m all on my own today.
今天就我一个人。
②He did it on his own.
这件事他独立完成了。
自我探究
on one’s own 意为①独自，单独；②独立地。
归纳拓展
③I need a room of my own.
我需要有一间自己的房间。
④Do you own your house or do you rent it
你的房子是自己的还是租的？
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我有一部属于我自己的汽车。
I have a car ________________.
(2)他独立地解决了这个问题。
He solved the problem________________.
(3)他拥有数栋房子。
He ____________.
答案：(1)of my own (2)on his own (3)owns several houses
3As soon as they arrived at the hospital，they headed directly for the doctor’s office.
他们一到医院，就直奔医生办公室去了。
品味经典
①She headed for the door.
她朝门走去。
自我探究
head 是动词，head for 意为朝着……行进。
归纳拓展
②She has been appointed to head the research team.
她受命领导研究小组。
③Two heads are better than one.
两人智慧胜一人。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)船正开往古巴。
The ship ________________Cuba.
答案：is heading for
(2)这部影片在奥斯卡提名影片中名列首位。
The movie ________________ Oscar nominations.
答案：heads the list of
(3)爱琳现在是一家之主。
Eileen is ________________ now.
答案：head of the family
4Although the ski instructor didn’t expect trouble，he still followed strict procedures and insisted she should see a doctor.
尽管滑雪教练认为没大事，但他还是按严格的程序坚持要求她看医生。
品味经典
①I insist on being given another chance.
我坚持要求再给我一次机会。
句型巧析
②He insisted that he heard someone in the next room.
他坚持说他听到隔壁屋里有人。
③She insists that she (should) be paid equally.
她坚持要得到同等的工资。
自我探究
insist 是动词，insist on 意为坚持做……；insist 后跟从句时，如果意为坚持认为，坚持说，从句用陈述语气，时态根据实际情况选用；如果意为坚决要求，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should＋_动词原形，should可省略。
归纳拓展
(1)英语中表示要求，命令，建议，意图，决定，推荐等意义的动词，如 suggest，advise，propose，command，request，insist，recommend 等后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词为(should＋)动词原形。 (2)在主语从句中,It is suggested/strange(或proposed/necessary/important/essential等)＋that 从句，即主语从句，从句中的谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。(3)在表语从句和同位语从句中,在idea，suggestion(或proposal，order，plan，request，advice等)后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成为should＋动词原形。
④His suggestion that we (should) go to London is nice.
他建议我们去伦敦，真是好极了。
⑤It has been suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
有人建议推迟会议。
牛刀小试
(1)The manager insisted that the work ________ finished by the end of this month.
A．should be B．will be
C．must be D．ought to be
解析：选A。考查虚拟语气。insist 在表示坚持某人做某事时其后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语使用(should＋)动词原形，所以此题选A。
(2)He insisted that he ________that and that he________free.
A．didn’t do；was set
B．hasn’t done；is set
C．hadn’t done；be set
D．hadn’t done；should set
解析：选C。insist 作“坚持说”讲时，后面强调一个事实，要使用陈述语气；表示坚持某人做某事时其后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语使用(should＋)动词原形，故此题选C。
(3)He insisted that the book ________to the school library at once.
A．return B．should return
C．be returned D．would be returned
解析：选C。考查虚拟语气。此处 insist 表示“坚持某事被做”，故其后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语使用“(should＋)动词原形”，此句中 the book 与 return 是动宾关系，故用被动语态。
品味语法
1．In order to finish the work in time，we work late into the night every day.
2．Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.
3．Having cleaned the rooms we began to weed the garden.
4．Seen from a distance，the mountain looked like a lion.
语法专题突破
自我探究
1．例1中的 In order to finish the work in time 是动词不定式作目的状语．
2．例2中的 reading a book 是现在分词作伴随状语．
3．例3中的 Having cleaned the rooms 是现在分词的完成时作时间状语．
4．例4中的 seen from a distance 是过去分词作时间状语或条件状语．
讲解归纳
非谓语动词(Ⅱ)
动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词都可在句中作状语，其用法如下：
1．不定式作状语
(1)表目的
He came here to see you.他来这儿是看你的。
(2)有“意外”结果
He hurried to school only to find that nobody was there.
他赶到学校，结果发现那儿一个人也没有。
(3)表条件
To see him，you would like him.
如果看到他，你会喜欢上他。
(4)表原因(在表示喜、怒、哀、乐等形容词后)
I’m glad to see you.见到你很高兴。
2．分词作状语
(1)分词的形式及意义
doing 句子主语与之构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句子谓语动作同时发生
having done 句子主语与之构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生
done 句子主语与之构成逻辑上的被动关系
being done 句子主语与之构成逻辑上的被动关系，且与谓语动作同时发生
having
been done 句子主语与之构成逻辑上的被动关系，且先于谓语动作发生
(2)分词作状语的句法功能
①表时间
Be careful when/while crossing the street.
过街时要小心。
②表原因
Having been separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.与其他大洲隔绝数百万年之后，澳大利亚有许多世界上其他地方所没有的动植物。
③表条件
Taken according to the directions，the drug has no side?effect.按说明服用，这种药没有副作用。
④表结果
The hurricane left，causing a lot of damage.
飓风离去，带来了不少损失。
⑤表伴随情况或方式
Mary came here，riding her bike.
玛丽骑自行车来这儿的。
Led by a native ，we found the mysterious cave.
在一个当地人的带领下，我们找到了那个神秘的洞穴。
⑥表让步
Riding a bike or driving a Benz(＝Whether you ride a bike or drive a Benz)，you should follow traffic rules.
不论骑自行车还是开奔驰，你都应该遵守交通规则。
Though lacking money，I can’t ask my parents for help.
虽然缺钱，我也不能向父母伸手。
3．独立成分作状语
有些分词或不定式作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。
常见的独立成分有：generally speaking 一般来说；frankly speaking 坦白地说；judging from/by...根据……来判断；considering.../taking...into consideration 考虑到……；to tell you the truth 说实话；seeing...考虑到……；supposing...假设，如果……；providing...如果……；provided that...如果……；compared to/with...与……相比
Judging from his accent，he is from South.
听口音，他是南方人。
To tell you the truth，I’m a little tired.
说实话，我有点儿累。
速效提能演练
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
按ESC键退出全屏播放
谢谢使用(共115张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Welcome to the unit & Reading
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅰ
预习多维感知
预习多维感知
Step One：Warming up
Talk about the pictures on poage 17 and discuss the following questions.
(1)What are things that make everyone happy
(2)What are the things that make you happy
(3)If you had a friend who was unhappy，how would you try to help him or her
Step Two：Fast Reading
1．Read the text and then answer the following questions.
(1)What’s the topic of the TV interview
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Happiness.
(2)What is the name of the doctor
__________________________________________
答案：Dr.Brain
(3)How did Sang Lan get injured
________________________________________________________________________
答案：A coach changed the way the equipment was set up，but Sang Lan was not aware of the change until it was too late.
2．Scan the text and decide whether the following sentences are true(T) or false(F)．
(1)To all the people，happiness means achieving success in something.( )
(2)Dr Briain has read several books about how San Lan found happiness after the accident.( )
(3)Sang Lan amazed the world by her outstanding achievements in gymnastic.( )
(4)Sang Lan was injured because a coach changed the way the equipment was set up.( )
(5)The doctors in the top hospital said that she would never walk again.( )
(6)Sang Lan’s primary goal is to advocate better treatment for disabled people.( )
答案：(1)F (2)F (3)F (4)T (5)F (6)T
Step Three：Careful Reading
1．Divide the passage into four parts and then read the text carefully and then find out the main idea of each parts.
(1)Part 1(Paragraph 1～2)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The introduction of the topic：happiness.
(2)Part 2(Paragraph 3～4)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The brief introduction of Sang Lan.
(3)Part 3(Paragraph 5～6)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Tell us some information about Sang Lan before staying in hospital.
(4)Part 4(Paragraph 7～10)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Tell us some information about Sang Lan while staying in hospital.
(5)Part 5(Paragraph 11～13)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Tell us some information about Sang Lan after staying in hospital.
2．Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.
Before going to hospital Sang Lan was born in Ningbo，China in 1981，and began learning gymnastics at the age of 6.Her best (1)________ was the vault.She was described as (2)________，happy and hard?working.In 1998，an accident during one of her practice vaults at the Goodwill Games could have (3)________ her her future happiness.
While staying in hospital She was in good (4)________ and thought about what she could do to get better.She overcame her sorrow by being proud of the things she had (5)________ and felt thankful to be (6)________ and lucky to have the rest of her life to learn new things.
After leaving hospital She graduated from Peking University in 2007 with a degree in (7)________．She hosted a sports programme about the 2008 Beijing Olympics.She likes to be (8)________ and believes that keeping busy helps her stay (9)________.
答案：(1)event (2)energetic (3)cost (4)spirits
(5)accomplished (6)alive (7)broadcasting (8)optimistic
(9)positive
Step Four：Summary
Sang Lan is a good 1. ____________ of someone who is happy with her life.Before her accident，she was happy and 2. ____________in her sports.By the time she was 17 years old，when she 3.____________ in the gymnastic tournament at the New York Goodwill Games，she had been a 4. ____________ gymnast for 11 years.But in 1998，a small accident could have cost her her
future happiness.She would never walk again.But she never lost heart.While she was in hospital，she 5. ____________ the world by the way she remained 6. ____________.And now she finds happiness 7.____________ reaching much smaller 8.____________ and through the love of the people around her.
答案：1.example 2.successful 3.competed 4.junior
5．amazed 6.cheerful 7.through 8.goals
Step Five：Discussion
1．Could you be happy if you were unable to walk
________________________________________________________________________
2．How could you be happy
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
1To some，happiness is being surrounded by family and friends.
对一些人来说，幸福就是有家人和朋友陪在身边。
品味经典
①At work，I’m surrounded by people who don’t know what they are doing.
在工作上，我周围尽是些不知道自己在做什么的人。
②Mountains surround the village on three sides.
这村子三面环山。
重点难点突破
词汇精研
自我探究
surround 是 及物动词，意为环绕，围绕；be surrounded by 意为被……围住(包围)。
归纳拓展
③Anders spent the afternoon hiking in the surrounding hills.安德斯下午在附近的山上远足。
④It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surroundings.我花了好几周才适应新环境。
牛刀小试
用surround ，surrounding, surroundings 填空
(1)David loved to ________ himself with young people.
(2)Animals should live in their natural ________.
(3)They came from the ________villages.
答案：(1)surround (2)surroundings (3)surrounding
2Now，she finds happiness through reaching much smaller goals，and through the love of the people around her.
现在，她通过实现一个个小的目标和周围人的关爱找到了幸福。
品味经典
①It was through laziness that we didn’t get our flight booked on time.
是由于懒，我们才没按时预订到航班。
自我探究
through 是介词，意为由于，因为。
归纳拓展
英语中常表“原因”的介词短语：
due to 由于 常用于 be 动词之后，可作表语或后置定语，不可位于句首
because of 因为 用以指出理由，往往表示直接原因
thanks to 亏得，多亏，幸亏 既可表达正面含义，也可表达讽刺意义
owing to 由于，归功于 多作状语，偶尔作表语
②The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.
该队的成功很大程度上是由于她的努力。
③She didn’t take part in our party because of her illness.
因为生病，她没有参加我们的聚会。
④Thanks to your timely help，I got rid of him smoothly.
多亏你及时的帮助，我顺利地摆脱了他。
⑤The sports meeting was put off owing to the rain.
由于下雨，运动会延期了。
牛刀小试
用 due to，because of，thanks to, owing to 填空
(1)I am ____________ speak tomorrow.
(2)____________his wife being there，I said nothing about it.
(3)____________ your help，we finished the task ahead of time.
(4)____________my illness，I could not attend the meeting.
答案：(1)due to (2)Because of (3)Thanks to/Because of (4)Owing to/Because of
3Her teammates described her as energetic，happy and hard?working.
她的队友说她是个充满活力，快乐，勤奋的人。
品味经典
①Nick’s co?workers described him as fun and out going.
尼克的同事说他幽默而随和。
自我探究
describe 是动词，意为描述，叙述，describe sb./sth.as＋n./adj.意为“把……说成……”。
归纳拓展
②The catalog gives a full description of each product.
目录详细描述了每一件产品。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)—Why do you suggest we buy a new machine
—Because the old one has been damaged________.
A．beyond reach B．beyond repair
C．beyond control D．beyond description
解析：选B。damage“毁坏”。A.够不着；B.无法修理；C.无法控制；D.无法形容，难以描绘。由句意知选B。
(2)Miss Xu asked us to write a(n)________of the Summer Palace we had just visited.
A．description B．explanation
C．comprehension D．impression
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。description 描述，描绘，符合语境。explanation 解释，说明；comprehension 理解；impression 印象。
完成句子
(3)他说那趟旅行是一次乏味的经历。
He ____________the journey________________________.
答案：described；as a boring experience.
4Even though her training meant that she had to live apart from her parents，she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics.
尽管参加训练就意味着远离父母，她还是为能致力于体操运动而高兴。
品味经典
①Families may be forced to sit apart from each other.
家庭成员可能被迫坐在不相邻的座位上。
②Apart from a couple of spelling mistakes，this looks fine.
除了几处拼写错误，这篇文章看起来很好。
自我探究
在①中，apart from 意为和……相隔开的，在②中，apart from 意为除了，相当于except for。
归纳拓展
③I’ve never been able to tell the twins apart.
我从来就分辨不出那对双胞胎。
④He had to take the whole engine apart before he found the problem.
他不得不把整个引擎拆开才发现了问题所在。
牛刀小试
(1)(2011年湖南株洲检测)________the help from his relatives，he does a part time job to support his study at college.
A．Regardless of B．Instead of
C．But for D．Apart from
解析：选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了大学的学习，除了亲戚的帮助，他还做了兼职。apart from“除了……还……”；regardless of“不管”；instead of“代替”；but for“要不是”。
(2)________such subjects，the department also taught biology and geography.
A．Apart from B．Except
C．Except for D．But
解析：选A。句意：除了这些科目，这个系还教生物和地理。apart from相当于besides，意为“除……之外(还有)”，故选A。
5In 1998，a small accident during one of her practice vaults at the Goodwill Games could have cost her her future happiness.
1998年在友好运动会上进行跳马练习时的一个小事故，可能把她未来的幸福化成泡影。
品味经典
①The field goal he missed cost the team the game.
他那次投篮未中使球队输掉了那场比赛。
②The dented plan will cost you $7.50 each pay period.
这个整牙计划每个付款期将花掉你7.5美元。
自我探究
cost 在上述例句中是动词，cost sb.sth.意为①花掉某人多少钱，②使某人付出……代价。
归纳拓展
③Margaret wants to have justice at all costs.
玛格丽特愿意不惜任何代价去争取公正。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)他们修理房子花了3000美元。
It ________________their house.
(2)他的懒惰使他失去了工作。
His laziness ________________.
(3)她牺牲自己的生命救了自己的儿子。
She saved her son ____________________.
答案：(1)cost them $3000 to repair (2)cost him his job
(3)at the cost of her own life
6 A coach changed the way the equipment was set up，but Sang Lan was not aware of the change until it was too late.
一位教练改变了仪器的安放方式，但当桑兰意识到这种变化时已经太迟了。
品味经典
①The next band was already setting up on the other stage.
下一支乐队已经在另一个舞台安装设备了。
②A press headquarters was set up outside the stadium.
体育场外设置了一个新闻总部。
自我探究
set up 是固定短语，意为搭起，建起，安装，设置，建立。
归纳拓展
③He set out in such a haste that he didn’t have time to say goodbye to his friends.
他仓促起程，没来得及向朋友们告别。
④Once we realize what is wrong，we should set out to correct/set about correcting it.
我们一认识到错误就应马上纠正。
⑤He set aside a little money each week last year.
他去年每周都留出一些钱备用。
牛刀小试
(1)Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily ，a man ________and left.
A．took up B．got up
C．shut up D．set up
解析：选B。句意：珍妮在找座位，幸运的是这时一位男士起身离开了。get up “起身；站起来；起立”，与语境相符。take up “从事，占据”；shut up “闭嘴”；set up “建立，创立”，这三项均与语境不符。
(2)She failed to ________her ideas on paper at the time.
A．put on B．set down
C．take up D．set off
解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。此处 set down 表示“写下；记下”。 put on 穿上；take up 从事，占据(时间、空间等)；set off 动身，引爆。
(3)The moment we heard the news of the earthquake，we began to________the work to rescue those who were trapped in the building.
A．set off B．set down
C．set aside D．set about
解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。“set about sth./doing sth.”“开始做，着手做……”；A项意为“出发；动身；启程”；B项意为“写下，记下”；C项意为“把……放到一旁；省出，留出(钱或时间)”。本句意为“我们一听说地震的消息就立即开始着手救援那些被困在楼房中的人们”。
7Everyone who saw her，from nurses to famous visitors like Leonardo DiCaprio from the film Titanic，who went to see her in the hospital to cheer her up，all said she was in good spirits.
见过她的每个人，从医院的护士，到像电影《泰坦尼克号》主演莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥等前往医院探访、给她鼓励的名人都说她精神状态良好。
品味经典
①Everyone of us cheered up at the news that the experiment had been proved a complete success.
一听到实验完全成功的消息，我们大家都高兴起来。
自我探究
cheer up 是固定搭配，作 vt.意为高兴，作vi.意为使……高兴。
归纳拓展
②We all cheered him as Liu Xiang won the championship of the 2009 National Games.
当刘翔赢得2009年全运会冠军时，我们都为他喝彩。
③To the birthday of our motherland—the 62th anniversary.Cheers!
为祖国六十二岁生日，干杯！
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)在北京举行的2009年国庆阅兵式很成功，使全世界所有中国人很振奋。
The 2009 National Day Military Parade in Beijing is a success，________________________________________.
(2)哥伦布鼓舞水手们勇往向前。
Columbus __________________________.
答案：(1)cheering up all the Chinese all over the world
(2)cheered the sailors on
单项填空
(3)—I’m thinking of tomorrow’s maths test.I’m afraid I can’t pass it.
—________.I’m sure you’ll make it.
A．No problem B．Good luck
C．Give up D．Cheer up
解析：选D。在语境中考查短语的用法。No problem意为“不成问题”；Good luck意为“祝你好运”；Give up意为“放弃吧”；Cheer up意为“振作起来”。按照对话中“I’m sure you’ll make it.”的意思，应该填鼓励对方的话，故选D。
8Sang Lan knew that for many people the secret to happiness is to have appreciation for the good things in life ，and to focus on goals.
桑兰懂得，对很多人来说幸福的秘诀在于思考美好的事情，集中精力实现自己的目标。
品味经典
①She shows little appreciation of good music.
她欣赏不到美好音乐的妙处。
②I had no appreciation of the problems they faced.
我没有体谅到他们所面临的困难。
③Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you’ve done for us.
承蒙鼎力相助，不胜感谢，谨备薄礼，敬请笑纳。
自我探究
appreciation 是名词，意为①欣赏；②理解，体谅；③感激。
归纳拓展
④You can’t really appreciate foreign novels in translation.
你看翻译作品是不能真正欣赏到外国小说精髓的。
⑤We appreciate your helping us.
我们感谢你们的帮助。
⑥I’d appreciate it if you let me go on with the job.
如果您让我继续做这份工作，我会很感激。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)为了对你的辛勤工作表示感谢，我们要给你发奖金。
__________________________________，
we’d like to give you a bonus.
(2)我不愿被人当作二等公民看待。
I don’t appreciate ________________ like a second?class citizen.
答案：(1)To show our appreciation for all your hard work
(2)being treated
单项填空
(3)I would appreciate ________ very much if you load the files for me.
A．it B．you
C．that D．one
解析：选A。I would appreciate it if...是固定句型，意为“如果……我会不胜感激。”
9When the doctors told her that she would never again be a gymnast，she was able to overcome her sorrow by being proud of the things she had accomplished.
当医生告诉她，她再也不能当体操运动员了的时候，桑兰能够克服失落感，为她已经取得的成绩感到骄傲和自豪
品味经典
①We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once.
我们不能指望同时完成两件工作。
②They didn’t accomplish the purpose desired.
他们没有达到预期的目的。
自我探究
accomplish 是动词，意为完成，实现。
归纳拓展
易混辨析
accomplish，finish，achieve，complete
易混词语 辨析 例句
accomplish 指成功地完成预期的目标、任务等，通常接task，aim，journey，voyage等名词，有时兼有“达成(效果)”之意 The journey was accomplished in five weeks.全部旅程用了5个星期的时间。
易混词语 辨析 例句
finish 多指日常事务的完成，强调事情的了结、终止 He finished his homework in two days.两天内他就完成了作业。
achieve 多指排除困难完成计划或大业 He was not satisfied with what he had achieved.他对自己的成就不满意。
complete 强调事物完整地完成或终结 The whole project will have been completed by the end of this week.本周末这项工程将全部结束。
牛刀小试
用accomplish，finish，achieve，complete的正确形式填空：
(1)I need one more stamp before my collection is ________.
(2)I ________reading the book.
(3)This first part of the plan has been safely ________.
(4)No one can ________anything without effort.
答案：(1)completed (2)finished (3)accomplished (4)achieve
10And how has Sang Lan adapted to her new life
那么桑兰是如何适应她的新生活的？
品味经典
①These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好。
②It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。
自我探究
adapt 是动词，adapt sth.to...意为使……适应；adapt oneself to...意为使某人适应。
归纳拓展
③The author is going to adapt his play for television.
作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。
易混辨析
adapt，adopt
adapt 和 adopt 是一对形式上很相近的动词，但意义却相差很远。adapt 使适应；adopt 意为“采纳；收养；养”，请一定要注意拼写。
④Many people adopted the orphans who lost their families in the earthquake，and most orphans could adapt to their new life.
很多人收养了地震中失去家人的孤儿，大部分孤儿都能适应新生活。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)这台机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。
This machine has________________________for use underwater.
(2)这本小说已由俄文原著改编成无线广播节目。
This novel________________________for radio from the Russian original.
(3)她很快适应了这种新气候。
She________________quickly________the new climate.
答案：(1)been specially adapted (2)has been adapted (3)adapted herself；to
单项填空
(4)The good thing about children is that they________very easily to new environments.
A．adapt B．appeal
C．attach D．apply
解析：选A。句意：孩子们的一个很好的优势就是他们很容易适应新的环境。adapt to适应；appeal to呼吁；attach to附属于；apply to向……申请。
(5)Your house is always so neat—how do you ________ it with three children
A．manage B．serve
C．adapt D．construct
解析：选A。句意：你家总是这么整洁，带着三个孩子你是怎么做到这一点的？manage 在句中意为“设法完成，设法做到”，与句意相符；serve “服务，服役，端上”；adapt “适应”；construct “建造；构造”。
11Well，in case some of our viewers don’t know her story，can you tell us a little bit about Sang Lan and who she is
嗯，或许我们有些观众还不知道桑兰的故事，您能跟我们简单介绍一下桑兰吗？
品味经典
①He had his camera ready，just in case(that) he saw something that would make a good picture.
他已经把相机准备好了，假如看到什么好景色，他就可以拍下来。
句型巧析
②In case he comes，please let me know.
要是他来，请通知我。
自我探究
in case 意为以防，万一，如果，引导①目的状语从句；②条件状语从句。
归纳拓展
③I don’t think I need to take an umbrella，but I will bring one in case.
我认为不必带雨伞，但我还是要带一把以防万一。
④In case of difficulty，you can reach me at this address.
万一遇到困难，你可以到这个地方来找我。
⑤In no case can you miss the opportunity to go to university for further study.
你决不要错过上大学深造的机会。
牛刀小试
(1)________fire，all exits must be kept clear.
A．In place of B．Instead of
C．In case of D．In spite of
解析：选C。句意：以防火灾，所有疏散通道务必畅通。A、B表示“代替”；C项“以防，万一”，D项“尽管”。由此可知C项符合题意。
(2)Leave your key with a neighbor________you lock yourself out one day.
A．ever since B．even if
C．soon after D．in case
解析：选D。A项意为“自从……以来”；B项意为“即使”；C项意为“不久之后”；D项意为“以防；以免”。句意：留一把钥匙给邻居，以免有一天你把自己锁在门外。
(3)I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s________I have to wait.
A．in case B．so that
C．in order D．as if
解析：选A。in case“以防，以免，万一”；so that“因此”；in order“准备好，就序”；as if “仿佛，好像”。
(4)—Mum，what should I prepare before I leave for the lecture
—Well，get your notebook ready________you have something significant you need to put down.
A．so that B．in case
C．on condition that D．as though
解析：选B。本题考查状语从句。句意：——妈妈，去听演讲前我应该准备什么？——嗯，把你的笔记本准备好，以防有重要的东西需要记录。in case以防，万一；so that引导目的或结果状语从句；on condition that引导条件状语从句；as though引导方式状语从句。
(5)(2010年高考浙江卷)I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just________.
A．by nature B．in return
C．in case D．by chance
解析：选C。考查固定介词短语辨析。根据题中“I guess we’ve already talked about this before”可知，说话人向对方再次询问是为了确认一下以防万一。by nature“就本质而言，天生地”；in return“作为回报”；in case“假使，万一”；by chance“碰巧”。
12By the time she competed in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games，she had been a junior gymnast for eleven years.
到角逐纽约友好运动会的体操锦标赛时，桑兰已经是个有过11年体操生涯的体操小将了。
品味经典
①By the time I got to the airport，my friend’s plane had already taken off.
当我到达机场时，我朋友的飞机已经起飞了。
②By the time this letter reaches you I will have left the country.
你收到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。
自我探究
by the time 意为到……为止，①后面跟过去的时间时，主句用过去完成时；②后面跟将来的时间时，主句用将来完成时。
归纳拓展
(1)by prep. 不迟于，在……之前，后面跟过去的时间，句子往往用过去完成时，跟将来的时间，句子用将来完成时。
(2)by the end of 到……末为止，用法和(1)by 相同
③By the end of last term，we had learned 2000 English words.
到上个学期末为止，我们已学了2000个英语单词。
牛刀小试
(1)By this time next summer，you ________ a high paying job.I，on the other hand，will still be studying.
A．will have found B．will find
C．have found D．are found
解析：选A。考查动词时态的运用。由by this time next summer 可知，此处应用将来完成时。该句句意为“截止到明年夏天这个时候，你已经找到了一份高薪工作，而我将还在读书”。
(2)When I talked with my grandma on the phone，she sounded weak，but by the time we________up，her voice had been full of life.
A．were hanging B．had hung
C．hung D．would hang
解析：选C。由 had been...推断出是“到过去某一点为止。” hang up 的动作发生在 had been full of life 之后，故应用一般过去时。
13No，that is why her story is so special.
不，这正是她的故事显得特别的原因。
品味经典
①She was ill.That’s why she was absent from school yesterday.她病了，那就是她昨天没上学的原因。
自我探究
That’s why...意为那就是……的原因，why 引导表语从句。
归纳拓展
That’s why... 用来说明前面情况所产生的结果
That’s because... 用来说明前面情况所产生的原因
The reason why ...is that... 用来说明前面情况所产生的原因
②It was raining heavily.That’s why we got there so late.
那时正下着大雨，那就是我们到那儿迟到的原因。
③We got there late.That’s because it was raining heavily.
我们到那儿迟到了，那是因为正下着大雨。
④The reason why he did not come is that he was ill.
他没来的原因是因为他病了。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)The reason________he explained to us was________he had missed the chance.
A．why；because
B．why；that
C．which；that
D．that；because
解析：选C。由于第一空前有名词the reason，我们便可以用代入法，看看能否将其带入从句中充当成分，能充当成分作主语、表语或宾语的，就是定语从句，用关系代词。从本句可以看出the reason充当explain的宾语，所以用关系代词that或which。表示原因的名词或从句等作主语时，其后的表语从句常用that引导，不可用because。故正确答案是C。
用That’s why或That’s because填空
(2)We’ll see him tomorrow.____________I will not write to him.
答案：That’s why
(3)You’ve got a bad mark.____________you were ill and didn’t prepare for the exam.
答案：That’s because
The search for happiness
Host： We’re talking about happiness today.To some，happiness is being surrounded by family and friends.To others，happiness means achieving success in something，such as meeting a goal.To those who have been injured or struggle with a physical disability，happiness can simply mean a day without suffering，or just being alive.
译文助读
Our guest today is Dr Brain，who has written several books about happiness and the things people do to keep themselves happy.Dr Brain，thank you for joining us today.
Dr Brain：Thank you for inviting me.Today，I’m going to talk about how to find happiness.
Host： I understand that you often use the example of the gymnast Sang Lan to show how people can find happiness even during times of a personal catastrophe.
Dr Brain：Yes，Sang Lan is a very good example of someone who is happy with her life，even when people expect her to be sad.Before her accident，we knew her as a young girl who was happy and successful in her sport.While she was injured and in hospital，she amazed the world by the way she remained cheerful.Now，she finds happiness through reaching much smaller goals，and through the love of the people around her.
Host： Well，in case some of our viewers don’t know her story，can you tell us a little bit about Sang Lan and who she is
Dr Brain：Of course.Sang Lan was born in Ningbo，China in 1981，and began learning gymnastics when she was only six years old.By the time she competed in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games，she had been a junior gymnast for eleven years.Sang Lan’s best event was always the vault.She started winning competitions in 1991 and kept working hard.Her teammates described her as energetic，happy and hard?working.
Even though her training meant that she had to live apart from her parents，she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics.Sang Lan knew that in those years，she was working towards something special，and she was making her parents proud.In 1998，a small accident during one of her practice vaults at the Goodwill Games could have cost her her future happiness.A coach changed the way the equipment
was set up, but Sang Lan was not aware of the change until it was too late.She hit her head，and then fell to the gymnastics mat with a broken neck.She was rushed to a top hospital in New York.Specialists from many parts of the world said that because of her severe injuries，she would never walk again.
Host： That must have been difficult for her.She must have been very sad.
Dr Brain：No，that is why her story is so special.Everyone who saw her，from nurses to famous visitors like Leonardo DiCaprio from the film Titanic，who went to see her in the hospital to cheer her up，all said she was in good spirits.
Sang Lan knew that for many people the secret to happiness is to have appreciation for the good things in life，and to focus on goals.Instead of crying about what she had lost and feeling hopeless，Sang Lan thought about what she could do to get better.Her teammates were competing while she was in hospital.When they visited her and told her about
their successes，she was happy for them.When the doctors told her that she would never again be a gymnast，she was able to overcome her sorrow by being proud of the things she had accomplished.She felt thankful to be alive and lucky to have the rest of her life to learn new things.
Host： That is really amazing，Dr Brain.How old was she when this happened
Dr Brain：She was only seventeen years old.
Host： And how has Sang Lan adapted to her new life
Dr Brain：Very well.She went back to China，and graduated from Peking University in 2007 with a degree in broadcasting.She also hosted a sports programme about the 2008 Beijing Olympics，and continues to be a popular figure on TV.However，her primary goal is to advocate better treatment for disabled people.She says that she likes to be optimistic.She also believes that keeping busy helps her stay positive.
Host： I hope all of our viewers have been inspired by Sang Lan！I think her courage is admirable.I know I will think about how she rebuilt her life whenever my life feels unbearable.
寻求幸福
Host： 我们今天来谈论幸福这个话题。对某些人来说，幸福就是有家人和朋友陪伴在自己身边。对另一些人来说，幸福意味着在某个方面取得成功， 比如说实现一个目标。对那些受伤的人或者是身体有残疾而行动不便的人，幸福可能仅仅意味着过一天没有疼痛的日子，或者仅仅是活着而已。我们今天的嘉宾是布莱恩博士。他写过好几本有关幸福以及人们为保持幸福采取什么措施的书。布莱恩博士，谢谢您参加我们今天的节目。
Dr Brain：谢谢你的邀请。今天，我来谈谈如何寻找幸福。
Host： 我知道，你经常拿体操运动员桑兰为例子来告诉人们：即使遭遇个人灾难时，也能找到幸福。
Dr Brain：是的，桑兰是一个很好的例子，甚至在大家以为她会悲伤的时候也感到生活幸福。在她出事故之前，我们都知道桑兰是一个年轻快乐的姑娘，在体育方面有骄人的成绩。她受伤住院期间，世人都为她依然开朗的样子感到惊讶。如今，她在实现较小目标的过程中、从周边人对她的爱中找到了幸福。
Host： 嗯，或许我们有些观众还不知道桑兰的故事，您能跟我们简单介绍一下桑兰吗？
Dr Brain：当然可以。桑兰于1981年出生在中国的宁波市，六岁时就开始学习体操，到她角逐纽约友好运动会的体操锦标赛时，她已经是一位有着11年运动生涯的体操小将了。桑兰最拿手的项目一项是跳马。她自1991年就开始获得奖牌，并且一直刻苦训练。根据队友的描述，她精力充沛、精神愉悦、勤奋刻苦。参加训练意味着她不能和父母住在一起，但尽管如此，
她还是乐意奉献于体操。在那些年里，桑兰知道，自己正朝一个特别的目标而奋斗，她让父母为她感到骄傲和自豪。然而，1998年在友好运动会上进行跳马练习时的一个小事故把她原本可能的未来的幸福化成泡影。一位教练改变了器械的安置方式，但是当桑兰意识到这种改变时，已经太晚了。她栽了下去，倒在厚垫子上，折了脖子。她被紧急送往纽约市的一家顶级医院。世界各地的专家都说，由于伤势严重，她将永远无法行走了。
Host： 这个事故对她来说想必无法承受，她肯定是非常伤心。
Dr Brain：并非如此，这正是她的故事显得特别的地方。见过她的每个人，从医院的护士，到像电影《泰坦尼克号》主演莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥等前往医院探访、给她鼓励的名人都说她精神状态良好。桑兰懂得，对很多人来说幸福的秘诀在于思考美好的事情，集中精力实现自己的目标。所以，桑兰并没有为失去的一切呼天抢地，并没
有感到绝望，她想到的就是，为了改善自己的状态，自己能做些什么。她住院期间，队友们继续比赛。队友们前往医院看望她，跟她讲述各自的成功时，她为队友们感到喜悦。当医生告诉她，她再也不能当体操运动员了的时候，桑兰能够克服失落感，为她已经取得的成绩感到骄傲和自豪。她为自己仍然活着感到幸福，为她自己还有余生可以学习新东西感到庆幸。
Host： 这真让人惊叹，布莱恩博士。这个事件发生时她多大？
Dr Brain：她当时只有17岁。
Host： 那桑兰是怎样适应新生活的呢？
Dr Brain：她适应得非常好。她之后回到了中国，2007年毕业于北京大学并获得播音主持专业的学位，她还主持了2008年北京奥运会的一档体育节目，依然是电视上受欢迎的人物。然而，她最主要的目标是为残疾人倡导更好的医疗条件。她告诉人们，她愿意考虑事物的积极面，始终保持乐观的态度。她相信，忙碌有助于保持积极的状态。
Host： 我希望我们所有的观众都从桑兰的身上得到了启发和鼓舞！我觉得她的勇气令人钦佩。我知道，以后每当我感到生活难以承受时，都会想一想桑兰是如何重建生活的。
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Unit 2 What is happiness to you？
教材背景链接
Happiness is a form of courage.
—H.Jackson，British writer
幸福是勇气的一种形式。
——英国作家，杰克逊·H
Happiness lies in the consciousness we have of it.
—George Sand，French woman writer
幸福在于自知拥有幸福。
——法国女作家，乔治·桑
名言佳句
类文欣赏
Are you happy？Do you remember a time
when you were happy Are you seeking
happiness today
Many have sought a variety of sources
for their feelings of happiness.Some have
put their heart and efforts into their work.Too many have turned to drugs and alcohol.Most of their efforts have a root in one common fact：people are looking for a lasting source of happiness.
Unfortunately，I believe that happiness evades (回避) many because they misunderstand the process and journey of finding it.I have heard many people say that，“I’ll be happy when I get my new promotion.”Or ，“I’ll be happy when I lose that extra 20 pounds.”And，“I’ll be happy when the kids go back to school.”The list goes on and on.
This thinking is dangerous because it presupposes(以……为前提) that happiness is a “response”to having，being or doing something.In life，we all experience stimulus and response.Stimulus is when a dog barks at you and bares his teeth.Response is when your heart beats faster，your palms get sweaty and you prepare to run.Today，some people think that an expensive car is stimulus.Happiness is a response.A great paying job is stimulus.Happiness is a response.This belief leaves us thinking and feeling：“I’ll be happy when...”
It has been my finding that actually the opposite is true.I believe that happiness is a stimulus and response is what life brings to those who are truly happy.When we are happy，we tend to have more success in our work.When we are happy，we more naturally take better care of our bodies and enjoy good health.Happiness is NOT a reponse－rather，it is a stimulus.
Happiness is a conscious choice we make every day of our lives.For unknown reasons to me，many choose to be miserable，frustrated and angry most of the time.Happiness is not something that happens to us after we get something we want－we usually get things we want after we choose to be happy.
I have made only one simple rule for my own happiness：every day above ground is a good day.Therefore，I tend to have a lot of good days in succession(连续不断地)．
Read the passage and tell the following sentences true (T) or false (F)．
1．People can find a last source of happiness.( )
2．We’ll be happy when we get something we want.( )
3．Happiness is not a response but a stimulus.( )
Keys：1.F 2.F 3.T
