Unit
5
Into
the
wild
Animal
migration
Animal
migration
is
the
relatively
long?distance
movement
of
individual
animals,
usually
on
a
seasonal
basis.It
is
the
most
common
form
of
migration
in
ecology.It
is
found
in
all
major
animal
groups,
including
birds，mammals,
fish,
reptiles,
amphibians,
insects,
and
crustaceans.Different
kinds
of
animal
migrate
in
different
ways.
·In
birds
Approximately
1,800
of
the
world's
10,000
bird
species
migrate
long
distances
each
year
in
response
to
the
seasons.Many
of
these
migrations
are
north—south,
with
species
feeding
and
breeding
in
high
northern
latitudes
in
the
summer,
and
moving
some
hundreds
of
kilometres
south
for
the
winter.Some
species
extend
this
strategy
to
migrate
annually
between
the
Northern
and
Southern
Hemispheres.The
Arctic
tern
is
famous
for
its
migration;
it
flies
from
its
Arctic
breeding
grounds
to
the
Antarctic
and
back
again
each
year,
a
distance
of
at
least
19,000
km
(12,000
miles),
giving
it
two
summers
every
year.
·In
fish
Most
fish
species
are
relatively
limited
in
their
movements,
remaining
in
a
single
geographical
area
and
making
short
migrations
for
wintering,
to
spawn,
or
to
feed.A
few
hundred
species
migrate
long
distances,
in
some
cases
of
thousands
of
kilometres.About
120
species
of
fish,
including
several
species
of
salmon,
migrate
between
saltwater
and
freshwater.
开启快乐学习之旅
春夏秋冬，四季轮回。不同的季节里，动物的迁徙也不相同。让我们一起来了解这方面的内容。
[知识点击]
1．relatively
adv.相对地
2．approximately
adv.大约
3．latitude
n．纬度
4．spawn
v．(鱼、蛙等)大量产卵
5．salmon
n．三文鱼
模块核心素养导航
第一课时 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．charity
(n.)
慈善机构，慈善团体
2．annual
(adj.)
一年一度的，每年的
3．professor
(n.)
教授
4．measure
(v.)量，测量
5．position
(n.)位置
6．determine
(v.)测定，确定
7．eventually
(adv.)终于，最终
8．solution
(n.)解决，解决方法→solve
(v.)解决，解答
9．amazing
(adj.)惊人的，了不起的→amaze(v.)使吃惊，惊讶
10．crash
(v.)暴跌
11．destroy
(v.)破坏，毁掉
12．creature
(n.)生物
13．survive
(v.)活下来，幸存→survivor(n.)幸存者，生还者，残存物
14．effect
(n.)
影响，结果
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．from
one
place
to
another
从一个地方到另一个地方
2．设法做成
manage_to_do
3．when
necessary
在必要时，在必需时
4．在过去的几年里
in_the_last_few_years
5．砍倒，削减
cut_down
6．导致，造成
lead_to
7．make
sure
确保，保证
8．以……为食
feed_on
9．再次，又一次
once_again
10．在非常危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的困境中
in
serious
trouble
Ⅲ.语篇理解
Step
Ⅰ.Read
the
text
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．What's
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．The
North
American
monarch
butterflies'
life.
B．The
North
American
monarch
butterflies'
natural
behaviour.
C．People's
research
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies.
D．The
North
American
monarch
butterflies'
migration.
答案：D
2．What's
the
reason
for
most
animals'
migration?
A．They
migrate
to
find
food.
B．They
migrate
to
find
a
partner.
C．They
migrate
to
search
of
warmer
weather.
D．All
the
above.
答案：D
3．How
do
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies
manage
to
reach
south
to
spend
their
winter
there?
A．By
their
ability
of
telling
the
time
of
the
day.
B．By
their
ability
of
measuring
the
position
of
the
sun.
C．By
their
ability
of
telling
the
time
of
the
day
and
measuring
the
position
of
the
sun.
D．By
their
eyes.
答案：C
4．What
is
the
main
reason
why
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies
are
crashing?
A．The
climate
change.
B．The
global
warming.
C．Human
activities.
D．Their
predators(天敌)．
答案：C
5．Which
of
the
following
is
true?
A．A
greater
awareness
and
appreciation
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies
has
resulted
in
a
better
understanding
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies'
behaviour.
B．Every
fall,
millions
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies
begin
their
long
and
hard
migration
journey.
C．The
most
wonderful
mass
migration
is
that
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies.
D．The
less
we
know
about
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies,
the
greater
the
chance
they
will
survive.
答案：B
Step
Ⅱ.Decide
whether
the
following
sentences
are
true
or
false.
1．Of
all
the
mass
migrations,
that
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterflies
is
the
most
wonderful.( F )
2．The
North
American
monarch
butterflies
travel
about
4,000
kilometers
south
to
spend
the
winter
there.( T )
3．The
North
American
monarch
butterflies
finally
manage
to
reach
California
or
Mexico
only
by
using
their
eyes
to
measure
the
position
of
the
sun.( F )
4．The
North
American
monarch
butterflies'
population
has
decreased
by
90%
in
the
last
few
years.( T )
5．In
order
to
protect
their
population
we
humans
shouldn't
disturb
their
life
by
recording
their
migration.( F )
Step
Ⅲ.Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
The
North
American
monarch
butterflies'
migration
is
one
of
the
1.most_wonderful
(wonderful)．Every
fall,
millions
of
these
beautiful
insects
begin
a
long
and
difficult
journey.The
monarch
butterfly
is
able
to
tell
2.the
time
of
the
day.Then
it
uses
its
eyes
3.to_measure
(measure)
the
position
of
the
son.4.Using
(use)
these
two
pieces
of
information,
the
monarch
butterfly
determines
5.which
way
to
go
and
changes
6.its
(it)direction
accordingly.Eventually
it
manages
to
reach
California
or
Mexico
7.where
it
will
spend
the
winter.The
solution
8.to
the
mystery
of
the
monarch's
9.amazing
(amaze)
ability
comes
at
a
time
when
it
is
in
serious
trouble.In
the
last
few
years
the
monarch
butterfly's
population
10.has_crashed
(crash)
mainly
because
of
human
activity.Fortunately,
many
people
are
working
hard
to
make
sure
monarch
numbers
increase
once
again.
1
①From
this
experience
I
have
learnt
that
questioning
can
serve
as
a
bridge
that
helps
us
to
seek
the
truth.
通过这次经历，我了解了质疑可以充当帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。
②Besides,
businesses
seek
to
appeal
to
customers'
senses.
况且，企业试图寻求吸引顾客的感觉。
[归纳拓展]
seek
to
do
sth.＝try
to
do
sth.打算/试图做某事
seek
after寻求；追求
seek
for
寻找；探求
①He
has
been
seeking
after
power
all
his
life.
他一生都在追求权力。
②He
is
seeking
for
a
job.
他在找工作。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Power
stations
are
seeking_to_reduce
the
use
of
oil.
发电站正试图降低燃油消耗。
②They
are
seeking_for_a_solution
to
the
problem.
他们正在找解决这个问题的办法。
③His
company
is
greatly
sought_after.
他的公司深受人们的欢迎。
④When
some
refuse
vaccination
and
seek_a_free_ride,_immunity
breaks
down
and
everyone
is
in
even
bigger
danger.
当一些人拒绝接种疫苗并寻求坐享其成，免疫系统就会崩溃，每一个人就会处于更加危险的境地。
单句语法填空
⑤Your
lives
are
busy
enough
doing
homework,
playing
sports,
making
friends,
seeking
(seek)
after
your
dreams.
2
(1)v.测量；度量；判定；估量
①A
ship's
speed
is
measured
in
knots.
船速以节测量。
②(天津高考)Keep
the
tone
measured：don't
handle
it
too
lightly，as
people
can
be
offended，especially
if
your
error
suggests
a
misunderstanding
of
their
culture.
保持音调适度：不要草率地处置它，因为人们可能被激怒，尤其是如果你的错误预示着你对他们文化的误解的时候。
(2)n.[C]措施；方法；[sing.]尺度；标准；程度；[C，U]计量单位；计量标准
①The
government
is
introducing
tougher
measures
to
combat
crime.
政府正在推行更强硬的手段来反击犯罪。
②Sending
flowers
is
a
measure
of
how
much
you
care.
送花就说明你是多么关心。
③A
meter
is
a
measure
of
length
and
kilogram
is
a
measure
of
weight.
米是长度单位，公斤是重量单位。
[归纳拓展]
(1)measure...by...用……来衡量……
be
measured
by/in
用……来衡量/计算
measure...for...为……测量……
(2)take
measures
to
do
sth.采取措施做某事
take
one's
measure
量某人的尺寸
make
sth.to
sb.'s
measure
照某人的尺寸做某物
①We
should
take
proper
measures
to
improve
our
teaching.
我们应当采取适当的措施提高教学质量。
②He's
gone
to
be
measured
for
a
new
suit.
他去量尺寸做新衣服去了。
③Education
shouldn't
be
measured
purely
by
examination
results.
教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。
[名师点拨]
measure意为“测量(大小、容量、尺寸等)”，是不及物动词。
[巧学助记]
采取措施学measure
think
about
measures
of
measuring
the
weight
of
the
elephant
思考测量大象体重的办法
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①The
tailor
took_my_measure
and
he
would
_make
a
suit
to_my_measure.
裁缝给我量了尺寸，并且将根据我的尺寸给我做一套衣服。
②(天津高考改编)They
call
on
people
and
the
government
to
take_measures
to
fight
against
it.
他们号召人们和政府采取措施与它(光污染)做斗争。
③Time
is_measured_by
the
hour.
时间按小时计算。
单句语法填空
④(江苏高考改编)This
nature
of
data
makes
the
antitrust
measures
(measure)of
the
past
less
useful.
解析：句意：数据的这种属性让过去的反垄断措施更加无用。measure作措施讲时为可数名词，故用复数。
3
determine
vt.决定；确定；下定决心 determined
adj.坚决的；有决心的
①(陕西高考)As
a
student
in
senior
high
school,
the
most
important
task
is
to
study
hard,
which
determines
our
future.
作为一名高中生，最重要的任务是努力学习，这一点决定了我们的未来。
②She
gave
me
a
determined
look—the
kind
that
said
she
would
not
change
her
mind.
她给了我一个坚定的眼神——那种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。
[归纳拓展]
(1)determine
to
do
sth.决定做某事
determine
on/upon
(doing)
sth.决定(做)某事
determine
that...决定……
(2)be
determined
to
do
sth.决心做某事
(3)determination
n．决心，决定
①Our
government
has
determined
to
carry
out
the
universal
two?child
policy.
我们政府已决定执行“全面二孩政策”。
②He
has
determined
on
an
early
start
tomorrow.
他决定明天一早动身。
[即时巩固]
补全句子
①He
was_determined_to
(下决心)
look
after
his
parents
well,
so
he
moved
to
live
with
them.
②Your
attitude
determines_your_success
(决定你的成功)．
③She
is_determined_to/has_determined_to
(决心)
keep
a
journal.
④They've
been
told
that
if
they
want
to
build
a
highway
between
the
two
towns,
they
should
first
try
to
determine_how_much_it_
is_going
_to_cost
(确定费用)．
单句语法填空
⑤Determined
(determine)
to
train
his
daughter
in
English,
he
put
an
ad
like
this
in
the
paper,
“Wanted
(want),
an
English
teacher
for
a
ten?year?old
girl.”
⑥The
proposal
had
been
dropped
in
the
face
of
determined
(determine)
opposition.
⑦Determined
(determine)
to
catch
up
with
the
others,
the
boy
studies
much
harder
than
before.
4
①He
worked
so
hard
that
eventually
he
made
himself
ill.
他非常辛苦地工作，最后病倒了。
②Follow
the
path
and
you'll
eventually
see
the
road.
沿这条小径走下去你就会看到大路。
[归纳拓展]
eventual
adj.最终的；结果的
[易混辨析]
eventually
强调作为结果而最终发生
at
last
通常表示“经过很久的等待之后终于发生”
in
the
end
意为“终于”，表示经过周折、等待或耽搁后“最后”得到所期待的结果(用法同at
last)，还可用于预测未来
finally
意为“最后，最终”，表示经过努力或曲折之后，终于发生(用法同in
the
end和at
last)，也可以指一系列事物或论点的顺序
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
His
hard
work
eventually
(eventual)
paid
off
in
2019.
5
Here
is
the
perfect
solution
to
all
your
problems.
这是解决你所有问题的最佳方法。
[归纳拓展]
solve
vt.
解决；解答
①(北京高考)In
order
to
solve
this
problem，my
classmates
and
I
discussed
it
and
came
up
with
a
suggestion
later
reported
to
the
headmaster.
为了解决这个问题，我和同学们进行了讨论，想出了一个建议并汇报给了校长。
②(天津高考)We
need
to
get
to
the
root
of
the
problem
before
we
can
solve
it.
我们在解决问题前需要找到其根源。
[易混辨析]
solve
“解决”，侧重的是给出一个答案。例如：a
problem，a
mystery，a
puzzle，difficulties
settle
“解决”，其对象通常是某种争端。例如：an
issue，an
argument，a
quarrel，a
matter
①(安徽高考)Recycling
materials
is
not
enough
to
solve
our
problem.
回收材料不足以解决我们的问题。
②He
tried
his
best
to
settle
the
quarrel
among
his
children.
他尽力解决孩子们之间的争吵。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①The
riddle
was
a
little
difficult，but
the
clever
child
solved
(solve)
it.
②This
difficulty
can
easily
be
solved
(solve)，so
don't
worry.
③We
should
try
hard
to
find
a
peaceful
solution
(solve)
to
this
long?running
war.
④It
is
no
use
trying
to_solve
(solve)
the
problem
by
force.Peace
talks
are
the
only
solution
(solve)．
6
①The
Amber
Room
had
such
an
amazing
history.
琥珀屋有那样一段令人惊奇的历史。
②The
most
amazing
thing
about
nature
is
its
infinite
variety.
大自然最让人惊叹的是它的无限多样性。
[归纳拓展]
The
girl
is
watching
soldiers
raising
the
national
flag
at
the
Tian'anmen
Square
in
amazement.
在天安门广场，女孩正惊奇地观看士兵升起国旗。
[巧学助记]
To
his
amazement，we
were
not
amazed
at
his
amazing
achievements.
让他感到吃惊的是，他那令人吃惊的成就却没有使得我们大为惊讶。
[名师点拨]
表示“令人……的”意义的形容词一般用?ing形式，主语多为物；而表示“感到……的”意义的形容词一般用?ed形式，主语多为人。
[即时巩固]
根据汉语提示写出类似的形容词
①interesting
有趣的→interested
感兴趣的
②exciting
令人兴奋的→excited
激动的
③surprising令人吃惊的→surprised惊讶的
④disappointing令人失望的→disappointed失望的
⑤worrying令人担心的→worried担心的
⑥satisfying令人满意的→satisfied满意的
用amaze，amazed，amazing或amazement填空
⑦She
stared
at
us
in
amazement.
⑧What
amazed
us
most
was
that
Bolt
could
run
in
such
an
amazing
speed.
⑨He
felt
amazed
when
hearing
he
won
the
Nobel
Prize.
⑩Our
spacecraft(航天器)
connecting
Tiangong?Ⅰ
space
lab
successfully
is
an
amazing
achievement.
?(四川高考改编)Little
Tom
sat
amazed
(amaze)watching
the
monkey
dancing
in
front
of
him.
解析：本句考查形容词作伴随状语。句意：小汤姆坐在那儿看着小猴子在他面前跳舞，很吃惊。amazed意为“感到吃惊的”，常修饰人。
7
①Other
scientists
believe
that
a
comet
crashed
into
the
earth
long
ago
and
caused
the
disappearance.
其他科学家认为很久以前彗星与地球相撞导致(恐龙)灭绝。
②(全国卷Ⅱ)The
Transition
is
now
going
through
crash
tests
to
make
sure
it
meets
federal
safety
standards.
这种转变正在通过碰撞测试以确保它能符合联邦安全标准。
[归纳拓展]
crash
vi.(商业)破产，失败；(政府)垮台
n．相撞(事故)；(飞机的)坠毁，迫降；撞击声，爆裂声
He
witnessed
a
serious
car
crash
today.Two
cars
crashed
into
each
other
and
let
out
a
loud
crash.
今天他目睹了一起严重的撞车事故。两辆车撞在了一起，发出了很大的爆裂声。
[即时巩固]
英汉互译
①我看见一个物体从天空中坠落下来。
I_saw_an_object_crash_down_from_the_sky.
②Look！The
front
part
of
the
car
is
now
totally
out
of
shape
due
to
the
crash.
瞧！因为撞车，这辆车的头部现在已经完全变形了。
单句语法填空
③When
I
saw
the
cars
crash
(crash)
on
the
road，a
frightened
feeling
flashed
across
my
mind.
8
Output
of
steel
has
increased
by
80
per
cent.
钢产量增长了80%。
[名师点拨]
“percent
of＋名词/代词”作主语，名词/代词为复数时，谓语动词用复数；名词为不可数名词或代词为单数时，谓语动词用单数。
Ten
percent
of
the
students
are
absent
today.
今天有10%的学生缺席。
Thirty
percent
of
the
wheat
crop
was
damaged.
30%的小麦收成受损。
[易混辨析]
percent
“百分之”，相当于“%”，其前一般有具体数字
percentage
“百分比；百分率”，不用具体数字修饰，常用high，low，large，small修饰，提问时一般用what
[即时巩固]
补全句子
①A_large_percentage_of_the_population
(很大比例的人口)live
in
the
city.
②50_percent_of_the_accidents
(50%的事故)
are
caused
by
drunk
drivers.
选词填空
③What
percentage
of
the
water
has
been
used
here？(has/have)
④Thirty
percent
of
skilled
workers
are
women
workers.(are/is)
⑤—What
percentage
of
babies
died
of
this
disease
last
year?
—One
percent.(percent/percentage)
9
(1)毁坏；摧毁；毁掉
①The
building
was
completely
destroyed
by
fire.
那座楼被火彻底烧毁了。
②Everywhere
they
looked
nearly
everything
was
destroyed.
他们所见之处几乎一切尽毁。
(2)消灭；杀死
The
dog
attacked
a
child
and
had
to
be
destroyed.
那只狗袭击了一个小孩，所以要被杀掉。
[归纳拓展]
(1)destroy
sb's
confidence/hope/faith
毁掉某人的信心/希望/信仰
(2)destruction
n．[U]毁坏；毁灭
The
flood
caused
serious
destruction
to
the
railway.
洪水严重毁坏了铁路。
[易混辨析]
damage
一般指对物体或生命的“局部损害”，使整体的价值降低或变得无价值、无作用
Frost
caused
damage
to
the
crops.霜冻对农作物造成了损害。You
have
damaged
my
bike;
you'd
better
pay
to
get
it
repaired.你弄坏了我的自行车，你最好花钱找人修一修。
ruin
一般指经过长时间的侵蚀，也常指对美好的或有希望的事物的破坏
She
ruined
his
prospect.她毁了他的前途。You'll
ruin
the
chance
of
getting
the
job
if
you
wear
that
shirt
for
the
interview.如果穿那件衬衫去面试，你会断送得到那份工作的机会。
destroy
表示对某事进行完全的破坏，常含“不能或很难修复”的意思。也可表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上“彻底摧毁”
All
the
houses
in
the
village
were
destroyed
in
the
earthquake.在地震中，这个乡村所有的房子都被毁坏了。
[即时巩固]
用damage,
ruin或destroy的适当形式填空
①Many
houses
were
seriously
damaged
by
the
storm
and
the
repair
work
lasted
months.
②The
building
was
completely
destroyed.
③To
our
disappointment,
the
bad
weather
ruined
our
trip.
10
(1)生存；存活；继续存在
①Camels
can
survive
for
many
days
with
no
water.
骆驼许多天不喝水还能生存。
②Only
12
of
the
140
passengers
survived.
140名乘客中只有12人生还。
(2)幸存；幸免于难；挺过；艰难度过
①Only
a
few
houses
survived
the
earthquake.
地震之后只有几所房子残存下来。
②Many
birds
didn't
survive
the
severe
winter.
很多鸟死于这个严冬。
(3)比(某人)长寿
Harry
survived
his
wife
by
three
months.
哈里比他妻子多活了3个月。
[归纳拓展]
(1)survive
sth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
A
survive
B(by...)A比B活得长……
survive
on依靠……生存下来
(2)survivor
n．幸存者
survival
n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
survival
of
the
fittest
适者生存
[巧学助记]
After
the
old
man
survived
the
earthquake，he
became
one
of
the
few
survivors
of
the
family
and
his
survival
made
his
old
friends
very
happy.
这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后，他成了这个家庭中少数幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。
[名师点拨]
要掌握名词后缀?al。有些动词去掉e加上?al后变名词。如：survive→survival，arrive→arrival，propose→proposal。对于常用的前缀、后缀以及构词法，大家要牢记于心！
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①(福建高考改编)Human
life
is
regarded
as
part
of
nature
and，as
such，the
only
way
for
us
to_survive
(survive)is
to
live
in
harmony
with
nature.
解析：句意：人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，严格说来，对我们而言，生存的唯一办法就是与自然和谐相处。本题考查非谓语动词。此处应该用不定式作定语修饰名词way。
②At
present，about
20,000
to
25,000
polar
bears
live
in
the
Arctic
and
they
depend
on
the
sea
ice
for
their
survival
(survive)．
解析：句意：现今，大约20
000到25
000只北极熊生活在北极，它们依靠海冰来生存。本题考查名词。所填词作介词for的宾语并且被形容词性物主代词修饰，因此应该填名词形式。
③How
to_survive
(survive)
without
friends
is
the
most
difficult
challenge
for
Chuck
while
living
on
the
island.
解析：句意：当查克住在岛上的时候，在没有朋友的情况下怎样生存对他来说是最难的挑战。本题考查非谓语动词。应该填不定式，与特殊疑问词how一起在句中作主语。
④The
organization
sent
food
and
tents
collected
from
all
over
the
world
to
the
people
who
survived
(survive)
the
earthquake.
解析：句意：这个机构把从世界各地募捐来的食物和帐篷送给那些在地震中幸存下来的人。本题考查时态。根据句意和sent可知，在地震中幸存是过去的事实，因此应该用一般过去时。
⑤—How
was
the
car
crash?
—Terrible.There
were
no
survivors
(survive)
left.
解析：句意：——那次车祸情况怎样？——很惨。无一人幸免于难。本题考查名词。根据句意应该填“幸存者”，were提示此处需要复数名词作主语。
1
①The
little
boy
managed
to
go
back
home
from
the
park
outside
the
town
himself.
小男孩独自从城外的公园回家。
②How
did
you
manage
to
make
them
agree
to
your
plan?
你怎么让他们同意你的计划的？
[易混辨析]
manage
to
do
表示设法成功干成某事，强调结果。
try
to
do
表示尽力做某事，但是成功与否不确定，强调动作
①The
teacher
tried
to
persuade
the
student
to
hand
in
his
homework
in
time，but
failed.
这位老师试图说服他的学生及时交作业，但没成功。
②Even
though
he
was
very
tired，he
managed
to
send
all
the
letters
to
the
receivers.
即使他非常累，但他还是设法把所有的信都送到了收信人手里。
[归纳拓展]
(1)口语中manage常与can，could，be
able
to连用，表示“能对付”。
(2)manage
it
能做到
(3)manage
on
凑合着活下去；支撑
—Do
you
need
any
help
with
the
box?
——需要帮忙搬这个箱子吗？
—Thanks，but
I
can
manage
myself.
——谢谢！我自己能对付。
[巧学助记]
[即时巩固]
用manage
to
do或try
to
do的适当形式填空
①We
tried_to_stop
him
smoking
in
bed，but
he
would
not
listen.
我们尽力阻止他在床上吸烟，但他就是不听。
②If
you
can
manage_to_do
it，everything
will
change.
如果你设法将这件事做成了，一切都会发生改变。
单句语法填空
③Your
house
is
always
so
neat—how
do
you
manage
it
with
three
children?
解析：句意：你的房间总是那么整洁——带着三个孩子你是怎么做到的？manage
it设法做成某事。
④(全国卷Ⅱ改编)
Later,
engineers
managed
(manage)
to
construct
railways
in
a
system
of
deep
tunnels
(隧道),
which
became
known
to
the
tube.
解析：考查动词。本题叙述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时，故填managed。
2
In
this
way
they
cut
down
the
fat
and
increased
the
fibre
in
the
meal.
这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。
[归纳拓展]
cut
across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut
off剪掉；割掉；中断
cut
away切除，剪去
cut
in插嘴
cut
up切碎
[巧学助记]
The
tree
is
cut
down
and
its
branches
are
cut
off.
一棵树被砍倒，它的枝干被剪除。
[即时巩固]
用适当的介词/副词填空
①Jack's
business
is
not
as
good
as
before，so
he
has
to
cut
down
the
expenses
of
his
company.
②(广东高考改编)Since
the
plants
took
a
while
to
grow，he
started
cutting
down
trees
to
sell
the
wood.
③There
was
only
one
piece
of
candy，so
she
cut
it
up
into
little
pieces
and
gave
them
to
the
children.
④(北京高考改编)The
town
was
cut
off
from
the
rest
of
the
world
due
to
heavy
snow.
⑤We
may
as
well
cut
across
the
playground.
3
(1)导致，造成(后果)
①Many
of
these
chemicals
can
lead
to
cancer
or
other
illnesses.
这些化学物质中很多会引起癌症或其他疾病。
②(全国卷Ⅲ)Research
shows
that
giving
up
driving
is
one
of
the
key
reasons
for
a
fall
in
health
and
well?being
among
older
people，leading
to
them
becoming
more
isolated(隔绝)
and
inactive.
研究表明放弃开车是老年人健康和幸福下降的重要原因之一，这导致他们变得更加与世隔绝和钝化。
(2)通往……
All
roads
lead
to
Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
[名师点拨]
lead
to中的to是介词，后应该接名词或动名词作宾语。含义同result
in/bring
about，意为“导致”。
[归纳拓展]
lead
a．..life过……样的生活
lead...to/into...把……领到/领进……
lead
the
way引路；带路
The
secretary
finally
led
us
into
the
office
of
his
boss.
秘书终于领我们进了他老板的办公室。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①He
led_the_way,_and
led_us_to
a
village
of
Tibet.There
we
found
the
local
people
led/leading_a_happy_life.
他带路，把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。
单句语法填空
②Look
over
there—there's
a
very
long,
winding
path
leading
(lead)
to
the
house.
解析：句意：看那儿——有一条长长的弯曲的小径通往那座房子。lead
to通往，用其非谓语形式作后置定语。
③His
friends
gave
away
some
information，which
led
to
his
being_arrested
(arrest)．
解析：句意为“他朋友泄露出一些信息，这导致他被逮捕”。lead
to“导致”，to为介词，后接动名词，此处考查动名词复合结构的被动形式。
4
①You'd
better
make
sure
that
the
letter
leaves
tonight.
你最好确保将这封信在今天晚上寄出去。
②You
must
make
sure
of
the
time
and
place.
你必须把时间和地点弄清楚。
注意：make
sure后一般不接不定式作宾语，后接名词时需加介词of/about；后接从句时，使用一般现在时态表示将来。
[归纳拓展]
be
sure
to
do
sth.一定要，务必
for
sure无疑，肯定
to
be
sure诚然，无可否定
sure
enough果真，果然
[易混辨析]
make
sure
查明；确保；确定。常用搭配有make
sure
that和make
sure
of
(doing)
sth.。注意：make
sure后通常不接不定式
be
sure
确信；肯定，务必。常用于be
sure
of/about，be
sure
to
do,
be
sure
that结构中
assure
动词，意为“向……保证，使确信”。assure
sb.of
sth.“向某人保证某事”。be
assured
of“有信心，有把握”
①I'm
sure
of
his
innocence.
＝I'm
sure
that
he
is
innocent.
我相信他的清白。
②Be
sure
to
punctuate
your
sentences
with
the
correct
marks
in
the
right
places.
一定要在你文章句子中的正确地方标上正确的标点符号。
③They
tried
to
assure
him
of
their
willingness
to
work.
他们尽力使他相信他们乐意工作。
[即时巩固]
补全句子
(1)—Will
you
be
there?
—For_sure
(肯定去)．
(2)She
looked
around
to
make_sure
(弄明白)that
she
was
alone.
(3)To_be_sure
(固然)he
is
intelligent，but
he's
also
very
lazy.
(4)Always
you
are_sure_of
(肯定)a
warm
welcome.
5
①Once
more
she
refused
to
help.
她再次拒绝帮忙。
②Once
again,
let
us
give
a
warm
welcome
to
our
five
performers.
让我们再次以热烈的掌声欢迎这五位演奏家。
[归纳拓展]
all
at
once
同时；突然
just
this
once
仅此一次
more
than
once
不止一次
once
(and)
for
all
最终地；彻底地；一次了结地
once
in
a
blue
moon
极为罕见
once
in
a
while
偶尔；有时
once
upon
a
time
从前
①All
at
once
we
heard
a
shot
and
the
soldier
fell
to
the
ground.
突然我们听见枪声，接着那士兵就倒在了地上。
②We
need
to
settle
this
once
and
for
all.
我们需要把这件事一次解决。
③Once
upon
a
time,
a
farmer
lived
on
the
farm
with
a
lazy
cat.
从前，一位农民和一只懒猫住在农场里。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Earrings
need
to
be
taken
out
and
cleaned
once_in_a_while.
耳环要偶尔取出来清洗一下。
②Cutting
school
more_than_once
in
three
months
is
a
sign
of
trouble.
3个月内旷课次数超过一次就可能有麻烦了。
③Once_upon_a_time
，there
lived
an
old
man
who
had
two
beautiful
daughters.
从前，有一个老人，他有两个美丽的女儿。
④I
would
like
to
spend
my
holiday
in
Hawaii
once_more.
我想再去夏威夷度一次假。
1
One
of
the
most
wonderful
migrations
is
that
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterfly.
北美帝王蝶的迁徙是最奇妙的迁徙之一。
[句式分析]
句中that指代前面的migration。that代替与前面同类不同一的事物。that表特指，相当于the＋名词。它可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词。代替可数名词时，复数形式为those。
[名师点拨]
that可以根据语义在它的后面加上一些定语，多数是of短语；它的前面不能存在任何定语。that只能代指物。
The
umbrella
you
bought
is
cheaper
than
that
I
bought.(替代词that在该句中指“umbrella
”)
Mary's
handwriting
is
far
better
than
that
of
Peter.(that代替不可数名词
handwriting)
These
pictures
are
more
beautiful
than
those.(those代替可数名词复数
pictures)
[易混辨析]
(1)it代替前面的事物本身。它可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词。代替可数名词时，复数形式为they/
them，没有增加语义，所以不能带任何定语。
I
have
lost
my
umbrella;
I'm
looking
for
it.(该句中it就是指前面的my
umbrella)
(2)one可以代替与前面同类不同一的事物；可以代替某类事物中的任何一个；可以作同位语，重复指代前面的事物，其后有定语从句用以进一步说明前面的名词。
one表泛指，相当于a/an＋名词。one只能代替可数名词，其复数形式是ones。one可以根据语义在它的前面或后面加上一些定语。one前加the与否，取决于是否特指，如果特指就加the。one既可以代指物，也可以代指人。
I
have
lost
my
umbrella;
I
think
I
must
buy
one.(one在该句中表泛指，因为my
umbrella已经丢了)
A
chair
made
of
steel
is
stronger
than
one
made
of
wood.(该句中one可以换成a
chair)
I
like
this
pen
more
than
that
one.(one代替可数名词单数pen)
There
were
a
few
young
people
and
some
older
ones
in
the
house.(ones代替可数名词复数people)
The
one/That
on
the
table
is
mine.(该句中The
one代替事物，并且也可以用That)
He
is
the
teacher,
the
one
who
is
loved
by
the
students.(该句中the
one代替人，不能用that)
He
advised
the
farmers
to
choose
the
best
seed?heads,
the
ones/those
that
had
the
best
color.(该句中the
ones代替事物，并且也可以用those)
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①(江苏高考改编)I
prefer
a
flat
in
Inverness
to
one
in
Paris,
because
I
want
to
live
near
my
mom's.
②(浙江高考改编)We've
been
looking
at
houses
but
haven't
found
one
we
like
yet.
③(全国卷Ⅲ改编)We
needed
a
new
cupboard
for
the
kitchen.So
Peter
made
one
from
some
wood
we
had.
④—Why
don't
we
take
a
little
break?
—Didn't
we
just
have
one?
⑤Cars
do
cause
us
some
health
problems—in
fact
far
more
serious
ones
than
mobile
phones
do.
⑥Mr
Zhang
gave
the
books
to
the
pupils
except
those
who
had
already
taken
them.
⑦I
like
this
house
with
a
beautiful
garden
in
front,
but
I
don't
have
enough
money
to
buy
it.
⑧Cook
was
a
strict
but
good
captain,
one
who
took
good
care
of
his
sailors.
⑨The
water
in
the
well
is
cleaner
than
that
in
the
river.
2
A
team
of
scientists
led
by
Professor
Eli
Schlizerman
at
the
University
of
Washington
has
now
found
the
answer.
由华盛顿大学教授Eli
Schlizerman领导的一组科学家现在找到了答案。
[句式分析]
(1)此句为复杂的简单句。
(2)led
by
Professor
Eli
Schlizerman
at
the
university
of
Washington为过去分词短语作scientists的定语。
Those
buildings，built
in
the
1920s，still
look
strong
and
modern.
建于20世纪20年代的那些楼群看起来仍然结实和现代。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①The
young
man,
called_John，likes
climbing
mountains
as
well
as
swimming.
这位年轻人，被叫作约翰，既喜欢游泳也喜欢爬山。
②These
trees,
called_pine_trees，can
stand
the
coldness
as
well
as
the
strong
wind.
这些树，被叫作松树，既可以抵御强风又可以抵御寒冷。
3
These
two
pieces
of
information—the
time
of
day
and
the
point
where
the
sun
is
in
the
sky—allow
the
butterfly
to
determine
the
way
to
go.
这两条信息——时间和天空中太阳的位置使帝王蝶能决定它走的路线。
[句式分析]
(1)句子主干是These
two
pieces
of
information
allow
the
butterfly
to
determine
and
change。the
time
of
day
and
the
point
where
the
sun
is
in
the
sky是The
two
pieces
of
information的同位语。
(2)where
the
sun
is
in
the
sky作point的定语，where引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作地点状语。
[归纳拓展]
point，stage，situation，case，scene，condition在定语从句中均可作先行词，表示抽象的地点，这时可用in
which/where引导定语从句。
①The
Voice
of
China
has
set
up
a
stage
where
some
people
can
achieve
their
dreams.
《中国好声音》搭建了一个舞台，在这里一些人可以实现梦想。
②The
government
is
at
a
stage
where
it
is
willing
to
talk
to
almost
anyone.
政府正处于一个几乎愿意与任何人对话的阶段。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①I
will
show
you
the
point
where_you_fail.
我将指出你失败的地方。
②This
is
a
job
where_you_can_learn_something.
从这个工作中你能学到一些东西。
4
The
more
we
know
about
this
lovely
creature，the
greater
the
chance
it
will
survive...
我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它幸存下来的可能性就越大……
[句式分析]
句中含有“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”。此句型表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，意为“越……就越……”，前者相当于一个条件句，因此，要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
At
first
I
thought
I
understood
what
my
teacher
said，but
the
more
he
explained，the
more
confused
I
became.
起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就越迷惑。
[归纳拓展]
“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示人/事物本身在程度上的改变。
With
the
rapid
economical
development，China's
position
on
the
international
stage
is
getting
more
and
more
important.
随着经济的迅速发展，中国在国际舞台上的地位变得越来越重要了。
[名师点拨]
在“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构中，第一个“the
＋比较级．..”有时可以相当于if引导的条件句。
The
harder
you
work，the
greater
progress
you
will
make.
＝You
will
make
greater
progress
if
you
work
harder.
你学习越努力，进步就越大。
The
harder
you
study，the
more
progress
you'll
make.
你学习越刻苦，取得的进步就越大。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①It
is
believed
that
the
harder
(hard)
you
work，the
better
(good)
result
you'll
get.
②(陕西高考改编)The
more
learned
a
man
is,
the
more
modest
he
usually
becomes.
解析：考查冠词。句意：一个人越有学识，他就可能越谦虚。使用“the＋比较级＋主谓，
the＋比较级＋主谓”的句型。
完成句子
③The_more_time
you
devote
to
practicing
your
spoken
English,
the_more_fluent
it
will
become.
你用来练习英语口语的时间越多，你的英语口语就会越流利。
④It
was
raining
harder_and_harder.
They
had
to
stop
marching.
雨下得越来越大，他们不得不停止前进。
⑤Tennis
is
getting
more_and_more_popular
in
Shanghai.
在上海，网球正变得越来越流行。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
library
crashed
(倒塌)to
the
ground.
2．The
earthquake
destroyed
(毁坏)several
stores
in
the
business
district.
3．One
of
my
professors
(教授)
gave
me
some
advice
yesterday.
4．In
the
big
fire,
some
trees
survived
(幸存)．
5．He
told
people
that
he
was
seeking
(寻找)
his
fortune.
6．What
you
say
or
do
will
have
an
effect
(影响)
on
others.
7．I
am
sure
that
we'll
succeed
eventually
(最终)．
8．The
solution
(解决方法)of
the
problem
has
just
come
to
me.
9．She
was
a
woman
of
high
position
(位置)
in
the
government.
10．They
must
determine
(确定)where
the
conference
will
take
place.
Ⅱ.选词填空
from
one
place
to
another，
make
sure，manage
to，in
the
last
few
years，cut
down，lead
to，feed
on，once
again
1．Most
Americans
enjoy
moving
from_one_place_to_another.
2．How
do
you
manage_to
keep
the
place
so
tidy?
3．Too
much
work
and
too
little
rest
often
lead_to
illness.
4．Sheep
feed_on
grass.
5．We
do
not
have
to
cut_down
one
single
tree.
6．The
price
of
house
have
virtually
doubled
in_the_last_few_years.
7．I'll
tell
you
how
to
do
it
once_again.
8．To
make_sure
that
he
was
at
home,
I
called
him
up
in
advance.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The
population
of
Shanghai
is
larger
than_that_of_Beijing.
上海的人口比北京多。
2．I
told
my
students
my
new
telephone
number
so
that
all
of
them
could
call
me
when_necessary.
我把新的电话号码告诉了学生，以便必要时他们给我打电话。
3．In_the_last_few_years,_great_changes_have_taken_place
in
China.
过去几年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。
4．The_hotter
the
air
is,
the_more_quickly
it
will
rise.
空气越热，它就上升得越快。
5．As
is
known，it
is
wrong
that
Logger
Vick
makes
his
living
by_cutting_down_trees.
众所周知，光头强以砍树为生是不对的。
PAGEUnit
5
Into
the
wild
第二课时 Using
language
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．accommodation
(n.)
工作场所
2．idiom
(n.)
习语，成语
3．authority
(n.)
当权，权力
4．source
(n.)
来源，出处
5．found
(v.)
创立，创建
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．首次
for_the_first_time
2．事实上
in_fact
3．一举两得，一箭双雕
kill_two_birds_with_one_stone
4．hold
your
horses
慢点，别急
5．rain
cats
and
dogs
下倾盆大雨
6．date
back
to
追溯到
7．when
the
cat's
away(the
mice
will
play)
猫儿不在，老鼠翻天
Ⅲ.语法回顾
观察下列句子，写出黑体词(关系代词)的先行词及在定语从句中所作的成分
①Somehow
they
manage
to
travel
around
4,000
kilometres
south
and
find
their
way
to
places
where
they
will
spend
the
winter.
先行词是places；地点状语。
②The
solution
to
the
mystery
of
the
monarch's
amazing
ability
comes
at
a
time
when
it
is
in
serious
trouble.
先行词是time；时间状语。
③Unfortunately，human
activity
is
the
main
reason
why
the
monarch
numbers
are
falling.
先行词是reason；原因状语。
④In
many
of
the
places
where
monarchs
can
be
found，people
are
destroying
the
natural
environment...
先行词是places；地点状语。
⑤If
this
work
is
successful，there
may
come
a
time
when
monarch
numbers
increase
once
again.
先行词是time；时间状语。
??
①He
is
an
authority
on
English.
他是英语方面的权威。
②You
don't
have
any
authority
for
entering
this
house.It's
private.
你们没有权力进入这所房子。这是私有的。
③The
authorities
have
taken
measures
to
protect
the
trees.
当局已经采取措施保护这些树。
[归纳拓展]
abuse
one's
authority
滥用职权
be
an
authority
on
在……方面是权威
by
the
authority
of
蒙……的许可
have
authority
over
对……有权力
have
authority
to
do
sth.有权力做某事
in
authority
权力；当权(地位)
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Parents
have
legal
authority_over
their
children.
家长对他们的孩子具有法律权益。
②Who
is
in_authority
here?
这里谁管事？
③He
is
an_authority_on
French
literature.
他是法国文学方面的权威。
④They
have_no_authority_to
close
the
canal.
他们无权封闭河道。
The
oldest
zoo
in
the
world
is
in
Vienna，opened
in
1752.
世界上最古老的动物园是在维也纳，于1752年对外开业。
[句式分析]
opened
in
1752为过去分词短语作状语，相当于谓语动词为被动的状语从句，该动作和主句的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。
Given
more
time，he
can
do
it
better.
如果给予他更多的时间，他能把它做得更好。
[归纳拓展]
过去分词短语作状语，可转换为when，as，if，although，as
if等连接词引导的状语从句。
①Seen
from
the
top
of
the
hill，the
park
looks
more
beautiful.
→When
it
is
seen
from
the
top
of
the
hill，the
park
looks
more
beautiful.
从山顶上看，这个公园看起来更漂亮了。
②Encouraged
by
the
progress
he
has
made，he
works
harder.
→As
he
is
encouraged
by
the
progress
he
has
made，he
works
harder.
由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。
③He
began
to
cry
as
if
bitten
by
a
snake.
→He
began
to
cry
as
if
he
was
bitten
by
a
snake.
他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①Opened
(open)
in
1955，Disneyland
in
California
is
regarded
by
many
as
the
original
fun
park.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：加州迪士尼乐园于1955年开放，被许多人认为是最早的游乐园。open“开业”，与Disneyland之间存在着被动关系，故填Opened。
②Seen
(see)
from
the
top
of
the
tower，the
south
foot
of
the
mountain
is
a
sea
of
trees.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从塔顶上看过去，这座山南面的山脚下是一片林海。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，非谓语动词要用现在分词形式；和逻辑主语之间是被动关系，非谓语动词要用过去分词形式。句子的主语是the
south
foot
of
the
mountain，和see之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
关系副词引导的定语从句
Ⅰ.关系副词的用法
关系副词
先行词
在从句中的作用
when(＝at/in/on/during
which)
表时间的名词
时间状语
where(＝in/at/on
which)
表地点的名词
地点状语
why(＝for
which)
reason
原因状语
He
lived
in
a
time
when
the
blind
couldn't
get
much
education.
他生活在一个盲人得不到教育的时期。
Can
you
tell
me
the
company
where
he
works?
你能告诉我他工作的公司吗？
This
is
the
reason
why
the
word
“belated”
was
invented.
这就是单词belated被发明的原因。
用适当的关系词填空
①(陕西高考改编)As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time
when
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
②I
am
looking
forward
to
the
day
when
my
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her.
③Students
should
involve
themselves
in
community
activities
where
they
can
gain
experience
for
growth.
④It
was
the
middle
of
the
night
when
my
father
woke
me
up
and
told
me
to
watch
the
football
game.
Ⅱ.关系代词和关系副词的选择
(1)分析句子结构，明确先行词在定语从句中所作的句子成分。
(2)分析从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词，而不及物动词则要用关系副词。
试比较：
用适当的关系词填空
①(浙江高考改编)Creating
an
atmosphere
in
which
employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
②There
are
occasions
when
one
must
yield.
③A
prosperity
which/that
had
never
been
seen
before
appears
in
the
countryside.
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1．I
won't
forget
the
night
when
I
got
lost
in
the
mountain.
2．He
at
last
explained
to
us
the
reason
why
he
refused
our
offer.
3．This
is
a
position
which
most
of
us
want
to
get.
4．After
graduation
I
would
like
to
get
a
job
where
I
can
use
what
I
have
learnt
at
school.
5．At
the
moment
when
he
was
announced
to
have
won
in
the
election，Putin
couldn't
keep
back
his
tears.
6．The
teacher
told
Mary
to
tell
us
the
way
that
she
enriched
her
English
vocabulary.
7．The
man
with
whom
our
headmaster
is
shaking
hands
is
a
famous
professor.
8．We
got
to
know
each
other
in
the
village
school
where
I
volunteered
to
work
for
two
years.
9．Last
year
I
paid
a
visit
to
the
college
in
which
I
had
spent
four
years.
10．I
treasure
the
days
that/which
I
spent
with
my
pen
friend
in
his
country.
Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．The
car
for_which
he
paid
180,000
yuan
got
burnt
in
an
accident.
2．I
searched
carefully
and
found
the
hole
through_which
the
mouse
came
into
my
room.
3．This
is
the
reason
for_which
he
failed
to
attend
my
birthday
party.
4．I
have
lost
my
glasses,
without_which
I
can't
see
clearly.
5．The
person
from_whom
the
farmers
learned
a
lot
is
an
expert
in
farming.
6．This
is
the
book
to_which
he
devoted
all
his
energy.
7．It
is
surprising
that
he
has
forgotten
the
person
with_whom
he
drank
last
night.
8．The
cane
(手杖)
with_which
the
old
man
supports
himself
when
walking
is
made
of
steel.
9．For
several
days，my
telephone
rang
at
5
am,
at_which
I
was
sleeping.
10．He
has
three
sons,
two
of_whom
are
famous
scholars.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．—Where
did
you
find
Tom?
—It
was
in
the
house
where
I
lived
last
year.
解析：考查定语从句。live是不及物动词，不需要接宾语，where在定语从句中作地点状语。
2．I
shall
never
forget
the
years
when
I
lived
in
the
country
with
the
farmers,
which
has
a
great
effect
on
my
life.
解析：考查定语从句。第一个空引导定语从句修饰years，又在从句中作时间状语；第二个空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。
3．In
the
dark
street,
there
wasn't
a
single
person
to
whom
she
could
turn
for
help.
解析：句意：在漆黑的街道上，没有一个她能求助的人。turn
to
sb.for
help“向某人求助”，这是一个固定句式。person为先行词，whom作turn
to的宾语，该句to放在了关系代词的前面，关系代词只能用whom。本句的正常语序为“In
the
dark
street,
there
wasn't
a
single
person
whom
she
could
turn
to
for
help”。
4．I
don't
like
the
way
that
he
treated
the
old.
解析：考查关系词的使用。定语从句缺少状语。先行词way以in
the
way的形式在从句中作方式状语。当“way”表示“方式、方法”在句中作先行词，后被一个定语从句修饰时，引导定语从句可用that，也可用in
which，或什么都不用。
5．(天津高考改编)We
will
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
when
the
weather
may
be
better.
解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。先行词是next
week，定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语和表语，缺少时间状语。故填关系副词when。
6．When
she
was
a
small
girl,
her
mother
arranged
for
her
to
have
extra
classes
on
Saturday
where
piano
lessons
are
taught.
解析：考查定语从句。先行词为classes，定语从句piano
lessons
are
taught不缺宾语或主语，所以先行词应该作状语，表地点用
where。
7．Is
this
the
school
where
you
studied
twelve
years
ago?
解析：考查定语从句。句意：这就是你十二年前就读的那所学校吗？本句中先行词为the
school，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where，相当于in
which。
8．“We
went
through
a
period
when
communications
were
very
difficult
in
the
rural
area，”said
Mo
Yan.
解析：考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是period，定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，因此period应该在定语从句中作状语，与介词的搭配是in
the
period，相当于when。
9．Can
you
think
of
a
situation
where
this
expression
can
be
used?
解析：考查关系代词的使用。在这个定语从句中不缺少主语和宾语，缺少状语，故用where，相当于in
a
situation。
10．We
all
want
to
know
the
reason
why
you
left
without
a
word.
解析：考查定语从句。why＝for
which，引导reason后的定语从句，在从句中作状语。句意：我们都想知道你不辞而别的原因。
PAGEUnit
5
Into
the
wild
第三课时 Developing
ideas
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．button
(n.)按钮
2．recover
(v.)(从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery(n.)复原，痊愈
3．shock
(n.)吃惊，震惊
4．element
(n.)基本部分，要素
5．variety
(n.)多样化，变化→vary(v.)变化，使变化→various(adj.)各种各样的
6．path
(n.)小路，小道
7．concentrate
(v.)专注，专心→concentration(n.)专注，专心
8．freeze
(v.)突然停住，呆住
9．stare
(v.)凝视，盯着看
10．image
(n.)图像，影像
11．reaction
(n.)反应→react
(v.)反应
12．file
(n.)
档案，文件
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．天气(尤指恶劣天气)
the_elements
2．不顾天气恶劣
brave_the_elements
3．各种各样的某事物
a_variety_of_sth.
4．把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
concentrate_(sth.)_on_sth.
5．毕竟，终究
after_all
6．take
photos
拍照，照相
7．be
famous
for
因为……而出名
8．up
to
多达
9．at
a
speed
of...以……的速度
10．through
a
dark
forest
穿过一片漆黑的森林
11．fall
off
从……掉落，跌落
12．凝视，盯着看
stare_at
13．stand
still
静止不动
14．from
time
to
time
不时地
15．show
respect
to
尊重，尊敬
16．press
the
button
按快门，按开关
Ⅲ.语篇理解
StepⅠ.Read
the
text
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．What's
Paragraph
3
mainly
about?
A．Yellowstone
National
Park's
variety
of
wildlife
and
its
huge
strong
animals.
B．The
author's
most
frightening
but
magical
experience
with
a
bear.
C．The
author's
excellent
photo
taking
skills.
D．The
author's
bravery.
答案：B
2．Yellowstone
National
Park
is
very
famous
because
________.
A．it
is
the
world's
first
national
park
B．it
has
a
variety
of
wildlife
C．it's
bears
D．all
the
above
答案：D
3．Which
of
the
following
is
in
the
right
order?
a．I
saw
the
bear
turn
and
run
into
the
forest.
b．I
had
a
feeling
that
I
was
being
watched.
c．I
saw
an
eagle
flowing
over
the
snowcapped
mountains.
d．I
pressed
the
button.
e．I
froze
with
the
camera
still
held
to
my
eye.
f．I
went
through
a
dark
forest.
A．fcbeda
B．fbeade
C．fcbdea
D．fbaedc
答案：A
4．Which
of
the
following
is
true?
A．Having
the
chance
to
observe
animals
in
their
natural
environment
is
the
only
best
thing
about
my
job.
B．As
a
nature
photographer,
I
had
to
brave
the
elements
but
I
still
enjoyed
my
job.
C．I
was
so
frightened
at
the
bear
that
I
didn't
press
the
button
of
my
camera.
D．The
bears
in
the
Yellowstone
Natural
Park
can
weigh
over
180
kilograms,
so
they
can't
run
very
fast
let
alone
swim
fast.
答案：B
5．Why
is
the
photo
of
the
bear
special?
A．It
was
taken
in
the
Yellowstone
Natural
Park.
B．There
is
a
rare
bear
on
the
photo.
C．It
can
serve
as
a
reminder
to
show
respect
to
all
animals.
D．It
was
the
best
photo
taken
by
the
author
in
all
his
life.
答案：C
Step
Ⅱ.Decide
whether
the
following
sentences
are
true
or
false.
1．I
enjoyed
working
as
a
nature
photographer
because
the
job
was
very
comfortable.
( F )
2．I
enjoyed
taking
photos
in
the
Yellowstone
Natural
Park.( T )
3．Because
I
was
concentrating
on
photographing
the
amazing
scene
I
didn't
feel
the
bear
watching
me.( F )
4．Suddenly
seeing
a
bear
only
metres
away
staring
at
me,
I
was
too
frightened
to
hold
my
camera.( F )
5．I
was
lucky
enough
to
have
captured
the
bear's
image.( T )
Step
Ⅲ.Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
As
a
natural
photographer,
I
have
to
brave
the
1.elements
(element)
to
work
outside
in
the
wild,
but
I
still
enjoy
doing
so
to
observe
animals
in
their
natural
environment.
Last
spring
I
went
to
Yellowstone
National
Park
to
take
photos.The
park
is
famous
2.for
both
the
variety
of
its
wildlife
and
huge,
strong
bears
which
can
live
for
up
to
thirty
years
and
run
3.at
a
speed
of
over
72
kilometres
per
hour.When
I
stepped
out
of
a
dark
forest
I
saw
an
4.amazing
(amaze)
scene
where
an
eagle
flew
over
the
snow?capped
mountains.I
was
concentrating
on
it
5.when
I
had
a
feeling
that
I
was
being
watched.I
turned
and
6.froze
(freeze)．Only
metres
away
was
a
bear
staring
at
me
with
water
7.falling
(fall)
off
its
thick
brown
hair.My
legs
started
shaking.Somehow
I
had
forced
my
finger
8.to_press
(press)
the
button
before
the
bear
turned
and
ran
into
the
forest.
From
time
to
time
I
looked
at
the
photo
as
a
reminder
to
show
respect
9.to
all
animals.It
is
after
all
we
10.who/that
are
the
visitors
to
their
world.
1
(1)恢复健康；康复
It
took
a
long
time
for
him
to
recover
from
a
bad
cold.
他患重感冒，很长时间才康复。
(2)复原；恢复常态
In
a
few
days
Mr
Smith
had
recovered
strength
of
body
and
mind.
几天之后，史密斯先生身体和精神都恢复了。
(3)找回；寻回；找到
The
police
recovered
the
stolen
jewellery.
警察找回了被盗的珠宝。
(4)恢复；重新控制
Jennie
made
a
great
effort
to
recover
herself.
珍妮努力使自己镇定下来。
[巧学助记]
[归纳拓展]
(1)recover
from
从……中恢复过来
recover
sth.
重新获得某物
recover
oneself
镇定下来
(2)recovery
n．恢复；复苏；痊愈
make
a
recovery
from...(＝recover
from...)从……中恢复过来
Even
though
he
was
hurt
seriously
in
the
car
accident,
he
finally
made
an
excellent
recovery.
尽管在车祸中他伤得很严重，但是他却恢复得很好。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①Her
father
has
made
a
full
recovery
(recover)
from
the
operation.
②(北京高考改编)Once
the
damage
is
done,
it
will
take
many
years
for
the
farmland
to_recover
(recover)．
完成句子
③It
took
him
a
long
time
to
recover_from
his
illness.
他生病了，很长时间才康复。
④He
tried
hard
to
recover_himself
before
he
gave
a
speech.
在演讲之前他尽力使自己镇定下来。
2
(1)vt.
&
vi.(使)震惊；震动
The
explosion
in
Tianjin
shocked
the
whole
country.
天津的爆炸事件震惊全国。
(2)n.休克；打击；震惊
①The
news
of
his
death
was
a
shock
to
us.
他去世的消息令我们震惊。
②Her
husband
was
with
her,
but
there
was
blood
everywhere
and
the
woman
was
embarrassed
and
clearly
in
shock.
虽然她丈夫和她在一起，但是到处都是血，这位妇女很尴尬，明显也很震惊。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be
a
shock
to...
使……震惊
be
in
shock
处于震惊中
(2)shocked
adj.震惊的；惊讶的
be
shocked
at/by
对……感到震惊
be
shocked
to
do
sth.
做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking
adj.令人震惊的
①It
was
quite
a
shock
to
see
my
face
on
that
screen!
从那个屏幕上看到我的脸，真让人惊愕不已！
②Rescue
workers
were
shocked
by
what
they
saw.
救援人员对眼前的景象感到震惊。
[名师点拨]
?ed形容词与?ing形容词的区别
(1)以后缀?ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed,
delighted,
excited,
frightened,
interested,
moved,
pleased,
surprised,
worried等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物。
(2)以后缀?ing结尾的形容词(如delighting,
exciting,
frightening,
interesting,
moving,
surprising,
worrying等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。
[即时巩固]
补全句子
①(重庆高考改编)The
parents
were_shocked_by_the_news
(被这个消息震惊了)
that
their
son
needed
an
operation
on
his
knee.
②(重庆高考改编)The
news
shocked_the_public
(震惊了公众),
leading
to
great
concern
about
students'
safety
at
school.
③(北京高考改编)The_shocking_news
(这则令人震惊的消息)
made
me
realize
what
terrible
problems
we
would
face.
单句语法填空
④People
were
shocked
(shock)
to
see
that
the
little
girl
was
often
beaten
by
her
stepmother.
The
shocking
(shock)
news
shocked
(shock)
all
the
people
around,
which
was
also
a
shock
to
her
father
who
was
working
abroad.
⑤We
were
all
shocked
(shock)
to
learn
that
the
one?thousand?year
temple
lay
in
ruins
during
the
earthquake
last
week.
解析：be
shocked
to
learn...得知……很震惊。
⑥—An
explosion
at
a
local
mine
killed
at
least
62
workers
and
left
another
13
injured.
—Yes,
the
news
came
as
a
shock
to
us
all.
解析：shock在此处指“令人震惊的事件”，是可数名词。
3
(1)[C]要素，基本部分，典型部分
Cost
was
a
key
element
in
our
decision.
价钱是我们决策时考虑的主要因素。
(2)[C，usually
single](尤指动物的)自然环境；适宜的环境
Water
is
a
fish's
natural
element.
水是鱼的天然生活环境。
(3)[pl.](学科的)基本原理，基础，纲要
He
taught
me
the
elements
of
map?reading.
他教我看地图的基本方法。
(4)the
elements(尤指)恶劣的天气
Are
we
going
to
brave
the
elements
and
go
for
a
walk?
我们要冒着风雨去散步吗？
[归纳拓展]
brave
the
elements不顾天气恶劣
be
exposed
to
the
elements经受风吹雨打
in
your
element如鱼得水，得心应手
out
of
your
element处于不适宜的环境，不得其所
element
of少量，有点，有些
[即时巩固]
英汉互译
①She's
really
in
her
element
at
parties.
她在社交聚会上真是如鱼得水。
②There
appears
to
be
an
element
of
truth
in
his
story.
他的说法似乎有点道理。
③Customer
relations
is
an
important
element
of
the
job.
与客户的关系是这个工作的重要部分。
④一千多人不顾天气恶劣参加了游行(march)。
Over_a_thousand_people_braved_the_elements_to_attend_the_march.
4
(1)[C](同一事物的)不同种类，各种式样
①There
is
a
wide
variety
of
patterns
to
choose
from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
②Hospitals
deal
with
disease
of
every
variety.
医院诊治各种各样的疾病。
(2)[U]变化；多样化；多变性
We
all
need
variety
in
our
diet.
我们都需要饮食多样化。
[归纳拓展]
(1)a
(great/wide)
variety
of多种多样的
varieties
of＝kinds
of＝sorts
of多种多样的
(2)vary
v．变化；改变
vary
in在……方面不同
vary
from...
to.../vary
between...
and...
从……到……不等
(3)various
adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的
①I
have
a
variety
of/varieties
of
books
at
home.
我家有各种各样的书。
②The
quality
of
the
students'
work
varies
considerably.
学生作业的质量甚是参差不齐。
③Prices
vary
according
to
the
type
of
room
you
require.
价格随你要求的户型而有所变化。
④This
city
is
known
for
its
various
bridges.
这个城市因为各种桥梁而闻名。
[名师点拨]
variety后的动词形式：
“a
variety
of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用复数；“the
variety
of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用单数。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①In
the
botanical
garden
we
can
find
a
variety
(various)of
plants
that
range
from
tall
trees
to
small
flowers.
解析：句意：在植物园，我们可以找到各种各样的植物，从高大的树木到小花。a
variety
of意为“各种各样的”，符合句意。相当于varieties
of。
②Nowadays，people
get
news
around
them
and
about
the
world
from
various
(variety)media
ways：on
TV，on
the
radio，in
the
newspaper
or
on
the
Internet.
解析：考查形容词。various各种各样的。
判断正误(T/F)
③There
is
a
large
variety
of
flowers
on
sale
in
the
market.( F )
④The
variety
of
what
he
prefers
is
limited.( T )
一句多译
⑤我们喜欢在菜单上看各种各样的菜。
We
would
like
to
see
dishes
on
the
menu.
5
(1)～(sth.)(on
sth./on
doing
sth.)集中(注意力)，聚精会神
①I
can't
concentrate
with
all
that
noise
going
on.
吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精力。
②I
decided
to
concentrate
all
my
effort
on
finding
somewhere
to
live.
我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。
(2)使集中(或集合、聚集)
①We
need
to
concentrate
resources
on
the
most
run?down
areas.
我们需要把资源集中用于最破落的地方。
②Fighting
was
concentrated
around
the
towns
to
the
north.
战斗集中在北方诸城镇的周围进行。
[易混辨析]
concentrate
指把人或物集中在一起，也可指精力或注意力集中于某一事物上
focus
侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上
[巧学助记]
注意：指“集中(精神、精力)”时，concentrate和focus可以换用。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①At
the
age
of
fifteen
she
gave
up
taking
piano
lessons
to
concentrate
on
her
school
work.
解析：句意：在15岁的时候，她放弃了上钢琴课而专注于学校的功课。考查动词短语。concentrate
on专注于，全神贯注于。
完成句子
②When
you
concentrate_on_one_task，you
can
get
it
done
faster
and
better.
当你全神贯注于一项任务时，你会完成得更快更好。
6
(1)vi.&vt.(使)结冰
①The
lake
was
frozen
over.
湖面封冻。
②Fresh
water
freezes
at
0℃.
淡水在零摄氏度结冰。
(2)vi.&
vt.(人)冻僵；(水管、机器等)冻住
Our
water
pipes
froze(up)last
winter.
去年冬天，我们的水管冻住了。
(3)vi.(天气)冰冷
It
may
freeze
tonight，so
bring
those
plants
inside.
今晚大概很冷，所以把植物都搬进来。
(4)vi.&vt.冷冻；冷藏
①Tomatoes
don't
freeze
well.
番茄不宜冷冻。
②I'll
buy
extra
meat
and
just
freeze
it.
我要多买些肉冷冻起来。
(5)vi.&vt.(因害怕等)停住不动，惊呆，吓呆
①Freeze，or
I'll
shoot!
不许动，否则我开枪了！
②The
cat
froze
when
it
saw
the
bird.
那只猫见了鸟，一动不动。
[归纳拓展]
(1)freeze
to
death冻死
Two
men
froze
to
death
on
the
mountain.
有两个男子在山上冻死了。
(2)frozen
adj.结冰的；(人或身体)冻僵的；(食物)冷冻的
①You
must
be
frozen！Come
and
sit
by
the
fire.
你肯定冻僵了！快坐到炉火边上来。
②Americans
always
drive
to
supermarkets
to
buy
canned
and
frozen
foods
for
the
week.
美国人总是开车去超市买一个星期所需的罐头食品和冷冻食品。
(3)freezing
adj.极冷的；冰冻的
freezing
point冰点
n．[U]冰点
above/below
freezing在冰点以上/以下
adv.[非正式用语]极冷地
freezing
cold非常冷的
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
She
stared
at
him,
frozen
(freeze)with
shock.
7
(1)v.盯着看；凝视；注视
①They
all
stared
with
astonishment.
他们全都惊讶地瞪着眼。
②In
the
West
people
think
it's
rude
to
stare
at
a
person.
在西方，人们认为盯着人看是不礼貌的。
(2)n.(尤指不友好或吃惊的)盯；凝视；注视
①She
gave
him
a
long
cool
stare.
她冷冷地盯着他看了好久。
②Famous
people
get
used
to
the
stares
of
the
crowds.
名人习惯人群的凝视。
[易混辨析]
stare
at
“盯着看；凝视”，因好奇、惊讶而睁大眼睛看，强调长时间盯着看，有时含有无礼或粗鲁的意味
glare
at
“怒视”，表示“凶狠而且带有威胁性地瞪眼睛”的意思
glance
at
“瞥见”，强调“匆匆”和“瞥”的短暂
look
at
“看着”，无感彩，强调动作
①The
girl
stared
at
the
blank
sheet
of
the
paper
for
a
few
seconds.
那个女孩盯着那张空白纸看了几秒钟。
②The
teacher
glared
at
the
boys
when
they
laughed
loudly
at
class.
当男孩子们在课堂上大笑时，老师怒视着他们。
③The
man
glanced
nervously
at
his
watch.
那人紧张地看了一眼手表。
④The
men
all
turned
to
look
at
her
as
she
entered
the
room.
她走进房间时，所有男士都转过来朝她看。
[巧学助记]
[即时巩固]
用glare
at，glance
at或stare
at的适当形式填空
①She
glanced_at
the
sleeping
child
and
then
hurried
away.
②In
most
places
of
the
world，it
is
impolite
to
stare_at
a
person.
③The
little
girl
glared_at
the
group
of
girls
who
said
unpleasant
words
to
her.
单句语法填空
④(湖南高考改编)There
is
no
greater
pleasure
than
lying
on
my
back
in
the
middle
of
the
grassland,
staring
(stare)
at
the
night
sky.
解析：考查非谓语动词。所填词作伴随状语，与lying的动作同时进行，且与逻辑主语是主动关系，用v.?ing的一般式。
1
(1)达到；
最多有
①She
has
treated
many
patients
who
wash
their
hands
up
to
30
times
a
day.
她曾经治疗过很多每天要洗30次手的病人。
②I
can
take
up
to
four
people
in
my
car.
我的车最多能载4个人。
(2)直到(up
till/until)
Up
to
now，I've
understood
everything
the
teacher's
said.
到现在，我已经理解了老师所讲的全部内容。
(3)从事于；忙于
What
are
you
up
to
this
weekend?
这周末你打算做什么？
(4)be
up
to
sb.由某人决定；是……的责任
①You
can
pay
weekly
or
monthly—it's
up
to
you.
你可以按周或按月支付，这由你决定。
②It's
up
to
the
travel
companies
to
warn
customers
of
any
possible
dangers.
旅游公司有责任提醒顾客任何可能的危险。
[归纳拓展]
be
up
to
sb.to
do
sth.由某人决定干某事
up
to＋number多达……
up
to＋time直到……
be
up
to(doing)sth.胜任(做某事)；做……
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Jack
says
he
can
keep
track
of
up_to_four
decks
of
cards
in
his
head.
杰克说他的脑子最多能记住四副牌。
②I'm
afraid
Tom
just
isn't_up_to
the
job.
恐怕汤姆不能胜任这份工作。
③The
children
are
very
quiet.I
wonder
what
they
are_up_to.
孩子们太安静了。我想知道他们在干什么。
④—What
shall
we
do
tonight
then?
—It's_up_to_you—whatever
you
want.
——今晚我们干什么？
——你说了算——你愿意干什么就干什么。
2
at
a
speed
of...以……的速度
Mike
drove
his
car
at
a
speed
of
over
100
kilometres
per
hour.
迈克以每小时100多公里的速度开车。
[归纳拓展]
(1)常与speed搭配的短语：
at
speed
疾驶
reduce
speed
减速
pick
up/gather
speed
加速
with
all
speed
全速
at
high/low/full/top
speed
以高/低/全/最高速
(2)speed
up(使)加速 反义短语为slow
down
①After
driving
at
top
speed，he
arrived
half
an
hour
early.
他以最高速度行驶，早到了半个小时。
②Modern
inventions
have
speeded
up
people's
lives
amazingly.
现代发明大大加快了人们的生活节奏。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①They
are
broadening
the
bridge
to_speed_up
the
flow
of
traffic.
他们正在加宽桥梁以加快车流速度。
用恰当介词填空
②The
speed
at
which
light
travels
is
said
to
be
the
maximum
in
the
universe.
解析：句意：据说光的传播速度是宇宙中最快的。考查介词。at
high/low
speed以高速/低速，由此可知speed与介词at搭配。本句中speed为先行词，后接定语从句，which代指speed，故填介词at。
3
When
you
are
learning
to
ride
a
bicycle，you
often
fall
off.
学骑自行车时，经常会摔下来。
[归纳拓展]
fall
asleep入睡
fall
behind落后
fall
down跌倒；倒塌；不尽如人意
fall
ill生病
fall
in
love
with爱上……
fall
over被……绊倒；倒下
[即时巩固]
用恰当的fall短语填空
①The
hunter
fired
and
the
deer
fell_over
dead.
②When
some
students
fell_behind，others
would
come
and
offer
help.
③More
buildings
fell_down
in
the
earthquake.
④To
be
successful，the
first
thing
to
do
is
to
fall_in_love_with
your
work.
⑤Praised
warmly
for
his
work，he
was
too
excited
to
fall_asleep.
⑥She
has
to
stay
home
because
her
son
falls_ill.
⑦She
fell_off
the
bike
and
hurt
her
legs.
4
①From
time
to
time
a
helicopter
flew
by.
空中不时地有直升机飞过。
②The
food
safety
accidents
happen
from
time
to
time.
食品安全事故时不时地发生。
③While
reading
the
book,
he
nodded
from
time
to
time.
他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
[归纳拓展]
常见time短语有：
at
one
time
从前(某个时候)；曾经；一度
at
a
time
每次；一次
at
all
times
总是；永远
for
the
time
being
暂时
in
no
time
很快；立刻
at
no
time
在任何时候都不；决不
in
time
及时；迟早；过了一段时间
all
the
time
一直；始终
take
one's
time
不着急；慢慢来
kill
time
消磨时间
at
the
same
time
同时
ahead
of
time
提前；提早
race
against
time
争分夺秒
time
and
again
一次又一次；重复地
keep
time
(钟表)走得准
[即时巩固]
补全句子
①Even
though
the
Smiths
have
moved
to
a
faraway
place，we
still
see
them
from_time_to_time
(不时)．
②He
went
back
from
the
meeting
room
in
no
time
(立刻)．
1
But
despite
the
wind
and
the
rain，I
still
enjoy
working
outside
in
the
wild.
尽管风雨兼程，我仍然喜欢野外工作。
[句式分析]
despite不管；尽管；任凭(＝in
spite
of)。其后不接让步状语从句，而是接名词、代词作宾语。
①He
reached
his
goals
despite
his
disability.
尽管他有残疾，他还是实现了他的目标。
②Despite
his
old
age,
he
still
lives
an
active
life.
尽管他年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。
[易混辨析]
in
spiteof/despite
prep.
后面不接让步状语从句，而是接名词、代词作宾语
though/although
conj.
引导让步状语从句，though可用倒装语序
as
conj.
引导让步状语从句，但需要用倒装语序
regardlessof
prep.
不管，不顾。侧重于“不理会，不考虑”，后跟名词或代词
①Kelly
loved
her
husband
in
spite
of/despite
the
fact
that
he
drank
too
much.
虽然凯莉的丈夫喝酒很多，她仍然爱着他。
②We
went
for
a
walk,
although
it
was
raining.
尽管下雨，我们还是去散步了。
③Pretty
as
she
is,
she
is
not
clever.
虽然她很美，但不聪明。
④The
club
welcomes
all
new
members
regardless
of
age.
俱乐部对所有成员一律欢迎，不分年龄。
[即时巩固]
补全句子
①We
arrived
at
the
railway
station
on
time
in_spite_of_the_storm
(虽然有暴风雨)．
句型转换
②In
spite
of
my
efforts
to
calm
her
down，my
little
sister
continued
crying.
＝Despite_my_efforts
to
calm
her
down，my
little
sister
continued
crying.
2
While
I
was
concentrating
on
photographing
this
amazing
scene，I
suddenly
had
a
feeling
that
I
was
being
watched.
在我全神贯注地拍摄这奇妙的场景时，我突然感觉到有什么东西在看着我。
[句式分析]
(1)此句为主从复合句。
(2)while表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句；主句中that
I
was
being
watched是同位语从句。
While
the
old
man
was
reading，he
fell
asleep.
老人在读书时，睡着了。
[归纳拓展]
While的两个用法：
(1)While意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。
While
I
understand
what
you
say，I
can't
agree
with
you.
尽管我能理解你所说的，却不能赞同你的观点。
(2)While意为“而”，引导并列句。
Their
country
has
plenty
of
oil
while
ours
has
none.
他们的国家有大量的石油，而我们的国家却一点儿也没有。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①(全国卷改编)Once,
while_working
overnight
at
a
store，he
let
a
homeless
man
sleep
in
his
truck.
一次，当他在店里上夜班的时候，他让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里。
②While_the_girl_was_working
in
that
company,
she_made_a_
good_friend
and
they
set
up
their
own
business
together
later.
女孩在那家公司工作期间，她交了个好朋友，后来他们创立了他们自己的事业。
单句语法填空
③While/Though/Although
volleyball
is
her
main
focus，she's
also
great
at
basketball.
解析：本题考查连词。句意：虽然排球是她的主项，但是她对篮球也很擅长。while/though/although意为“虽然”，符合语境。
④He's
a
teacher
while
his
brother
is
a
doctor.
解析：while在此意为“而”，表示对比。
⑤(浙江高考改编)While/Although/Though
mobile
payments
are
everywhere
cash
transactions
are
not
going
away.
解析：考查连词。句意：尽管移动支付无处不在，但现金交易是不会消失的。While/Although/Though引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
3
With
water
falling
off
its
thick，brown
hair，the
bear
stared
back
at
me.
那只熊盯着我看，水从它厚厚的棕毛上滴落着。
[句式分析]
本句中with
water
falling
off
its
thick，brown
hair是with复合结构，在句中作状语。
[归纳拓展]
with复合结构为“with＋宾语＋宾补”，在句中作状语或定语。其常见形式如下：
(1)with＋名词(或代词)＋现在分词
With
prices
going
up
so
fast,
we
can't
afford
luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起奢侈品。(原因状语)
(2)with＋名词(或代词)＋过去分词
The
thief
was
brought
in
with
his
hands
tied
back.
小偷被带了进来，双手捆在背后。
(3)with＋名词(或代词)＋形容词
I
like
to
sleep
with
the
windows
open.
我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。(伴随情况)
(4)with＋名词(或代词)＋介词(短语)
①They
often
go
climbing
with
bags
on
their
backs.
他们经常背着书包去爬山。
②We
live
in
a
house
with
many
flowers
around
it.
我们住在一所周围有很多花的房子里。(定语)
(5)with＋名词(或代词)＋副词
With
the
manager
away,
no
one
knew
what
to
do.
经理不在，没有人知道该做什么。
(6)with＋名词(或代词)＋动词不定式(不定式表示将发生的动作)
With
a
lot
of
work
to
do,
he
wasn't
allowed
to
go
out.
因为有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。(原因状语)
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①He
stood
with_his_hands_in_his_pockets.
他站着，手插在衣袋里。
②The
boy
stood
there
with_his_head_down.
这个男孩低着头站在那里。
单句语法填空
③With
two
exams
to
worry
about,
I
have
to
work
really
hard
this
weekend.
解析：句意：因为有两门考试要担心，这个周末我必须努力学习了。“with＋名词＋不定式”为with复合结构，不定式表示将要发生的动作，表示原因。
④With
the
rain
falling
(fall)so
heavily,
it
becomes
more
and
more
difficult
to
carry
on
the
rescue
work.
解析：句意：雨下得这么大，使救援工作的进行越来越困难。“with＋名词/代词＋不定式/分词/形容词等”可在句中作伴随、时间、原因等状语，本题中with复合结构作伴随状语，此处指雨还在下，表示正在进行的动作，故用现在分词形式。with复合结构中，名词/代词后用不定式表示将要发生的动作，用过去分词表示被动或完成的动作。
4
It
is
after
all
we
who
are
visitors
to
their
world.
毕竟是我们闯入了它们的世界。
[句式分析]
本句的核心结构为强调句型：It
is/was...who...。强调了主语we。强调句型It
is/was...that/who...的用法归纳如下：
(1)强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。强调句型应避免使用when,
where,
which
等连词。
①It
was
playing
computer
games
that
cost
the
boy
a
lot
of
time
he
ought
to
have
spent
on
his
lessons.
玩电脑游戏用掉了这个孩子本来应该花在功课上的许多时间。
②It
is
during
his
spare
time
that
Tom
has
been
studying
the
situation
for
several
months.
几个月以来，汤姆一直利用自己的空闲时间研究局势。
(2)that/who后的动词的人称和数的变化要与前面的名词或代词一致。
①It
was
I
who/that
was
to
blame.
该受责备的人是我。
②It
is
only
I
who
am
willing
to
go
to
see
the
film.
愿意去看电影的人只有我。
(3)强调句型的一般疑问句形式：
①Was
it
in
1939
that
the
Second
World
War
broke
out?
第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？
②Is
it
Mr
Li
who
guided
the
company
through
the
difficulties?
是李先生带领公司渡过难关的吗？
(4)强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：
①Where
is
it
that
you
are
going
for
your
holidays?
你打算到哪儿去度假？
②How
was
it
that
you
climb
to
the
top
of
that
building?
你是如何爬上楼顶的？
(5)强调句型中的特殊形式：
It
is
not
until...that.../It
is
because...that...
①It
was
not
until
he
entered
the
classroom
that
he
realized
that
he
had
forgotten
to
do
the
homework.
直到走进教室，他才意识到忘了做作业。
②It
was
because
she
was
ill
that
she
didn't
go
to
work.
是因为她病了她才没有去上班。
(6)在强调句型中，作主语的关系代词who/that可以省略。
①It
is
he(that/who)worked
out
the
math
problem.
是他算出了这道数学题。
②It
is
I
(that/who)am
teaching
them
the
English
song.
是我在教他们唱这首英文歌曲。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①(天津卷高考改编)It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.
解析：句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。本句中去掉It
was和空格，句意完整，所以本句是强调句型，强调时间状语，应用that。
②(湖南高考真题改编)It
was
when
we
were
returning
home
that
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
解析：此句是It
was...开头且去掉It
was和空格后，when
we
were
returning
home
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.是一个完整的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when
we
were
returning
home；强调句常用句型：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...。句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难中是多么令人愉悦。故填that。
补全句子
③It
was
at_2_o'clock_that
(在两点钟)
he
arrived
home
last
night.
④It
was
he_who_helped_me
(他帮助我)
when
I
was
in
trouble.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This
shop
has
a
satisfactory
variety
(多样化)
of
goods.
2．Can
you
press
that
button
(按钮)
for
me?
3．You
must
concentrate
(专注)all
your
energies
on
the
study
of
English.
4．Police
have
authority
(权力)
to
arrest
lawbreakers.
5．He
is
recovering
(恢复)
from
a
knee
injury.
6．He
said
he
and
his
team
were
shocked
(震惊)
by
the
findings.
7．The
path
(小道)
is
too
narrow
for
a
car
to
pass.
8．An
image
(影像)
of
a
country
garden
came
into
my
mind.
9．Honesty,
industry
and
kindness
are
elements
(要素)
of
a
good
life.
10．Tamara
stared
(凝视)at
him
in
disbelief，shaking
her
head.
Ⅱ.选词填空
after
all，
concentrate
on，
a
variety
of，
from
time
to
time，
on
average，
show
respect
to，
at
a
speed
of，
brave
the
elements
1．On_average,_how
much
time
do
you
spend
on
sports
activities
each
week?
2．People
show_respect_to
him
for
his
noble?mindedness.
3．From_time_to_time
we
invite
experts
to
give
lectures
in
our
school.
4．The
train
is
traveling
at_a_speed_of
200
km
per
hour.
5．You
should
be
easy
on
these
students.After_all,_they
are
kids.
6．I'm
frustrated
that
I
can't
concentrate_on
my
homework.
7．The
sport
meet
was
put
off
for
a_variety_of
reasons.
8．We've
just
about
run
out
of
food;
I'll
brave_the_elements
and
walk
to
the
store.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Despite_this_variety_of_foods,_however,
the
Japanese
have
succeeded
in
making
every
single
thing
they
eat,
from
tea
to
plums,
taste
like
smoky
beef.
不管食物的多样性，无论如何，从茶到葡萄干，日本人成功地让每一样他们吃的东西吃起来像熏牛肉。
2．It
was
up_to
him
to_concentrate_on_his_studies
and
make
something
of
himself.
他能否专心学习并有所成就取决于他自己。
3．Press_this_button
to
start
the
engine.
要启动发动机就按这个按钮。
4．He_has_never_recovered_from_the_shock
of
your
brother's
death.
他一直没有从你兄弟的死所带来的震惊中恢复过来。
5．It_is_Jack_who/that
is
driving
his
car
at_a_speed_of_up_to
120
kph.
是杰克正以每小时多达120公里的速度驾车行驶。
6．Among_the_rare_animals_are
black
bears
and
tigers.
珍稀动物有黑熊和老虎。
7．When
mother
went
into
the
house,
she
found
her
baby
was
sleeping
in
bed,
with_his_lips_moving.
当妈妈走进房子的时候，她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上，嘴唇一直在动。
8．While_(she_was)_listening_to_the_radio,_she
fell
asleep.
她在听收音机时睡着了。
PAGEUnit
5
Into
the
wild
第四课时 Presenting
ideas
&
Reflection
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．charity
(n.)
慈善机构，慈善团体
2．annual
(adj.)
一年一度的
3．seek
(v.)
寻找，寻求
4．measure
(v.)量，测量
5．position
(n.)位置
6．determine
(v.)测定，确定
7．eventually
(adv.)终于，最终
8．solution
(n.)解决，解决方法→solve
(v.)解决，解答
9．amazing
(adj.)惊人的，了不起的→amaze(v.)使吃惊，惊讶
10．crash
(v.)暴跌
11．destroy
(v.)破坏，毁掉
12．survive
(v.)活下来，幸存→
survivor
(n.)幸存者，生还者，残存物→survival
(n.)幸存
13．effect
(n.)
影响，结果
14．authority
(n.)当权，权力
15．source
(n.)
来源，出处
16．button
(n.)按钮
17．recover
(v.)(从糟糕经历中)恢复→
recovery
(n.)恢复
18．shock
(n.)吃惊，震惊
19．element
(n.)基本部分，要素
20．variety
(n.)多样化，变化→
vary
(v.)变化，使变化→various
(adj.)各种各样的
21．path
(n.)小路，小道
22．concentrate
(v.)专注，专心→
concentration
(n.)专注，专心
23．freeze
(v.)突然停住，呆住
24．stare
(v.)凝视，盯着看
25．image
(n.)图像，影像
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．from
one
place
to
another
从一个地方到另一个地方
2．设法做成
manage_to_do
3．when
necessary
在必要时，在必需时
4．在过去的几年里
in_the_last_few_years
5．砍倒，削减
cut_down
6．导致，造成
lead_to
7．make
sure
确保，保证
8．以……为食
feed_on
9．再次，又一次
once_again
10．在非常危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的困境中
in_serious_trouble
11．kill
two
birds
with
one
stone
一举两得，一箭双雕
12．when
the
cat's
away(the
mice
will
play)
猫儿不在，老鼠翻天
13．hold
your
horses
慢点，别急
14．rain
cats
and
dogs
下倾盆大雨
15．天气(尤指恶劣天气)
the_elements
16．不顾天气恶劣
brave_the_elements
17．各种各样的某事物
a_variety_of_sth.
18．把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
concentrate_(sth.)_on_sth.
19．毕竟，终究
after_all
20．take
photos
拍照，照相
21．be
famous
for
因为……而出名
22．up
to
多达
23．at
a
speed
of...以……的速度
24．through
a
dark
forest
穿过一片漆黑的森林
25．fall
off
从……掉落，跌落
26．凝视，盯着看
stare_at
27．stand
still
静止不动
28．from
time
to
time
不时地
29．show
respect
to
尊重，尊敬
30．press
the
button
按快门，按开关
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．One
of
the
most
wonderful
migrations
is
that
of
the
North
American
monarch
butterfly.
北美帝王蝶的迁徙是最奇妙的迁徙之一。
2．A
team
of
scientists
led_by_Professor_Eli_Schlizerman_at_the_
University_of_Washington
has
now
found
the
answer.
由华盛顿大学教授Eli
Schlizerman领导的一组科学家现在找到了答案。
3．These
two
pieces
of
information—the
time
of
day
and
the
point
where_the_sun_is_in_the_sky—allow
the
butterfly
to
determine
the
way
to
go.
这两条信息——时间和天空中太阳的位置使帝王蝶能决定它走的路线。
4．The_more
we
know
about
this
lovely
creature,
the_greater
the
chance
it
will
survive...
我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它幸存下来的可能性就越大……
5．But
despite_the_wind_and_the_rain,_I
still
enjoy
working
outside
in
the
wild.
尽管风雨交加，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。
6．While_I_was_concentrating_on
photographing
this
amazing
scene，I
suddenly
had
a
feeling
that
I
was
being
watched.
在我全神贯注地拍摄这奇妙场景时，我突然感觉到有什么东西在看着我。
7．Only_metres_away_from_me
was
a
bear.
一只熊就在离我只有几米远的地方。
8．With_water_falling_off_its_thick，brown_hair,_the
bear
stared
back
at
me.
那只熊盯着我看，水从它厚厚的棕毛上滴落着。
9．It_is
after
all
we
who
are
visitors
to
their
world.
毕竟是我们闯入了它们的世界。
Ⅳ.单元语法
1．Nowadays
people
are
more
concerned
about
the
environment
where
they
live.
2．Many
countries
are
now
setting
up
national
parks
where
animals
and
plants
can
be
protected.
3．We
live
in
an
age
when
more
information
is
available
with
greater
ease
than
ever
before.
4．The
film
brought
the
hours
back
to
me
when
I
was
taken
good
care
of
in
that
far?away
village.
5．The
naughty
boys
hid
themselves
in
the
place
where
their
parents
couldn't
find
them.
6．The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
where
his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
7．They
ran
over
to
help
the
man
whose
car
had
broken
down.
8．The
reason
why
I
didn't
write
to
you
was
that
I
didn't
know
your
address.
Ⅴ.单元写作
请参考以下panda
profile,
写一篇短文，描述大熊猫的生活习性，特征及你为什么喜欢大熊猫等。
COMMON
NAME:
Giant
Panda
TYPE:
Mammals
DIET:
Omnivores(杂食动物)
AVERAGE
LIFE
SPAN
IN
THE
WILD:
20
years
SIZE:
4
to
5
feet
WEIGHT:
135kg
My_favorite_animal_is_the_panda，which_looks_like_a_bear_and_polar_bear_about_4_to_5_feet_and_135_kilograms.I_think_the_pandas_are_very_cute_and_lovely_and_they_are_very_strong_and_heavy.The_giant_panda_has_a_great_appetite_for_bamboo.Actually，it_is_omnivores.The_average_life_span_of_them_is_20_years.Wild_pandas_live_only_in_remote,_mountainous_regions_in_central_China.
Pandas_are_one_of_the_scarcest_animals.Some_are_being_sent_to_other_countries_so_that_people_there_can_enjoy_them.Nowadays,_the_biggest_nature_park_for_panda_in_China_is_in_Sichuan.There_is_a_research_centre_for_nature_and_wild_life_there.Scientists_hope_that_one_day_they_will_have_enough_pandas_to_be_set_free_and_let_them_live_in_the_wild_again.
PAGE
