Unit
2
Making
a
difference
To
start
as
a
volunteer,
you
could
look
for
an
organization
or
activity
in
your
area.
Some
volunteers
sign
up
for
the
Peace
Corps
or
other
organizations
and
travel
to
faraway
parts
of
the
world.
But
you
already
have
things
to
do
at
home.
So
maybe
you
should
start
with
a
small
project.
Meng
Chen
is
a
student
in
Beijing.
He
goes
to
the
Forbidden
City
almost
every
day.
The
20?year?old
student
volunteers
there.
He
tells
visitors
about
the
clocks
in
the
clock
gallery.
Meng
is
one
of
around
300
volunteer
tour
guides
in
the
Forbidden
City.
One?third
of
them
are
university
students.
They
hang
around
the
palace
like
other
visitors,
but
with
red
“volunteer”
cards
on
their
clothes.
Meng
said,
“I
love
spending
time
in
the
buildings
where
25
emperors
(皇帝)
spent
their
whole
lives.
Every
brick
has
a
story
to
tell.”
But
volunteer
work
is
more
than
fun.
Meng
has
to
study
for
the
job.
It
took
him
about
three
months
to
remember
every
detail
(细节)
of
the
176
clocks
in
the
clock
gallery.
And
it
can
be
frustrating.
Often,
tourists
turn
down
volunteering
guides.
“Too
many
people
are
in
a
rush
to
finish
sightseeing.
They
don't
have
time
to
listen
to
us，”
said
Shi
Hui.
He
is
a
university
student
who
volunteers
there.On
his
first
day,
Shi
walked
around
for
three
hours
until
he
found
a
man
in
his
50s
who
was
happy
to
listen
to
him.
“It's
always
fun
to
have
listeners
who
are
interested
in
your
talk，”
Shi
said.
开启快乐学习之旅
作为一名志愿者，你可以在你所在的地区寻找一个组织或活动。一些志愿者报名参加和平队或其他组织，前往遥远的世界各地。但你在家里已经有事情要做了。所以也许你应该从一个小项目开始。
[知识点击]
1．sign
up
for
报名参加
2．Peace
Corps
和平队
3．faraway
adj.
遥远的
4．clock
gallery
钟表馆
5．hang
around
闲逛
6．frustrating
adj.
让人泄气的
模块核心素养导航
第一课时 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．contribution
n.
贡献→contribute
v.
贡献；投稿；捐献
2．relief
n.
(痛苦或忧虑的)
减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve
vt.
使减轻，缓解
3．shortage
n.
短缺；不足→short
adj.
短的
4．effective
adj.
产生预期结果的；有效的→effect
n.
结果；效力→affect
v.
影响
5．fund
v.
为……提供资金，资助
6．recycle
vt.
回收利用；再利用
7．earn
vt.
赚；挣得；获得→earnings
n.
薪水；工资
8．donate
vt.
捐赠→donation
n.
捐赠品→donator
n.
捐赠者
9．insight
n.
顿悟；猛醒
10．reality
n.
真实；现实→real
adj.
真的；现实的→realism
n.
现实主义
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．在控制中
under_control
2．建立
set_up
3．放弃
give_up
4．决心做某事
be_determined_to_do_sth.
5．说服某人做某事
persuade_sb._to_do_sth.
6．go
public
公开宣布
7．turn
out
结果是；证明是
8．make
a
difference
有影响；起作用
9．break
into
a
smile
突然笑起来
10．benefit
from
得益于
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．All
I
can
do
is_ride
a
tricycle
and
make
money
for
the
students.(P13)
我所能做的就是骑三轮车为学生赚钱。
2．As
a
six?year?old
Canadian
schoolboy,
Ryan
had
trouble
believing
the
words
spoken
by
his
teacher
that
many
people
in
developing
African
countries
couldn't
get
enough
clean
water.(P14)
作为一个六岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信老师说的许多非洲发展中国家的人得不到足够的干净的水。
3．And
why
is
the
water
so_dirty_that
it
makes
them
sick？(P14)
为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病呢？
4．After
several
months,
Ryan
had
raised
the
$2,000,
with
which
a
well
was
built
near
a
primary
school
in
Uganda.(P15)
几个月后，瑞安筹集了2
000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近建了一口井。
Ⅳ.语篇理解
StepⅠ.Read
the
text
on
Page
14—15
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．According
to
the
passage，what
troubled
Ryan
when
he
was
six
years
old?
A．He
couldn't
get
enough
clean
water.
B．He
was
so
weak
that
he
was
often
sick.
C．The
life
was
hard
for
his
family
then.
D．Many
people
in
developing
African
countries
couldn't
get
enough
clean
water.
答案：D
2．Ryan
did
many
things
to
raise
the
$2,000
except
________.
A．cleaning
windows
B．doing
gardening
C．asking
help
from
others
D．washing
cars
答案：D
3．When
raising
the
$2,000,
Ryan
got
a
lot
of
help
from
________.
A．his
teacher
B．his
classmates
and
neighbours
C．a
friend
of
his
father
D．his
mother
答案：B
4．What
kind
of
person
do
you
think
Ryan
is?
A．Careful.
B．Sensitive.
C．Helpful
and
determined.
D．Outgoing.
答案：C
5．The
title
“The
Well
that
Changed
the
World”
means
______.
A．the
well
built
by
Ryan
encouraged
more
people
to
help
make
the
world
a
better
place
B．the
well
brings
changes
to
the
world
C．the
more
wells
you
dig，the
better
the
world
will
be
D．the
well
built
by
Ryan
solved
the
problem
of
worldwide
water
shortage
答案：A
StepⅡ.Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
At
six，Canadian
boy
Ryan
had
trouble
__1__
(believe)that
many
people
in
developing
African
countries
couldn't
get
enough
clean
water.He
decided
to
help.He
cleaned
windows
and
did
gardening，and
__2__
(reach)the
first
target
of
$70.
__3__
when
he
gave
the
money
to
the
charity，he
was
told
it
cost
$2,000
__4__
(build)a
well.Ryan
asked
__5__
help
from
his
classmates
and
neighbours.
After
several
months，Ryan
had
raised
the
$2,000，with
__6__
a
well
was
built.
When
Ryan
visited
Uganda，he
saw
the
__7__
(finish)well
and
hundreds
of
delighted
students
singing
and
dancing
__8__
(happy).
He
really
made
__9__
difference.Later，Ryan's
experience
inspired
more
people
to
help.
Today,800,000
people
in
16
__10__
(country)
across
Africa
have
benefited
from
the
life?changing
gift
of
clean，safe
water.
1．believing 2.reached 3.But 4.to_build 5.for
6．which 7.finished 8.happily 9.a 10.countries
1
[教材原句]the
contribution
these
people
made
to
society(P13)
这些人对社会所做的贡献
①He
made
a
contribution
to
the
success
of
the
project.
他为这个项目的成功做出了贡献。
[归纳拓展]
(1)make
a
contribution
to/make
contributions
to
对……做出贡献
(2)
contribute
v.
促成；捐献，捐助；撰稿
contribute
to
有助于，促成，为……做贡献
contribute...to/towards...
向……捐献……；向……投稿
contribute
ideas/money/an
article
出主意/捐钱/投稿
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②The
scientist
was
rewarded
by
the
government
for
having
made
such
a
great
contribution
(contribute)
to
the
country.
③Their
inventions
have
contributed
to
developing
(develop)
electrical
engineering.
④People
actively
contributed
money
to
the
poor
and
kind
mother.
人们踊跃给那位可怜而善良的母亲捐款。
2
[教材原句]The
amount
of
relief
and
comfort
experienced
by
the
sick
after
the
skin
has
been
carefully
washed
and
dried,
is
one
of
the
commonest
observations
made
at
a
sick
bed.(P13)
病人在仔细清洗和擦干皮肤后所感受到的缓解和舒适程度是在病床上最常见的观察结果之一。
①News
of
their
safety
came
as
a
great
relief.
他们平安的消息，给大家带来了巨大的安慰。
[归纳拓展]
(1)to
one's
relief
使某人宽慰的是
with
relief
宽慰地
What
a
relief!
可轻松了！/多么令人欣慰啊！
it
is
a
relief
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
做某事对某人来说很宽慰
(2)relieve
v.
解除，减轻，缓解
relieve
sb.
of
解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)
(3)relieved
adj.
感到宽慰的，放心的
be
relieved
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到宽慰/放心
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②The
new
secretary
will
relieve
us
of
some
of
the
paperwork.
③Much
to
my
relief,
my
son
was
eventually
admitted
to
a
key
university.
④What_a_relief!
The
difficulty
has
been
overcome
by
the
combined
efforts
of
the
whole
team.
多么令人欣慰啊！全队齐心协力克服了困难。
3
[教材原句]Now
tick
the
solutions
that
you
think
are
most
effective
to
supply
Africa
with
fresh
water.(P14)
现在勾选你认为最有效的为非洲提供淡水的解决方案。
①Reading
aloud
is
a
very
effective
way
of
learning
English.
大声朗读是学习英语非常有效的方法。
[归纳拓展]
(1)effect
n.
结果；效力
have
an
effect
on/upon
对……有效；对……产生影响
put/bring
sth.
into
effect
实施；实行；使生效
come
into
effect/take
effect
(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施
of
no
effect
没有效果的；没有影响的
side
effect
副作用
(2)
effectively
adv.
有效地
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②The
changes
in
our
population
will
have
lasting
effects
on/upon
our
social
development
and
our
way
of
life.
③One
of
the
most
effective
(effect)
ways
to
reduce
stress
is
to
talk
about
feelings
with
someone
you
trust.
④It's
reported
that
this
regulation
will
come_into_effect
from
September
1,2020.
据报道本章程自2020年9月1日起生效。
4
[教材原句]At
first，his
plan
was
to
earn
money
to
build
a
single
well
somewhere
in
Africa.(P14)
起初，他的计划是挣钱在非洲某地建一口井。
①He
now
earns
his
living
as
a
lorry
driver.
他现在靠当卡车司机谋生。
[归纳拓展]
(1)earn
a/one's
living＝make
a/one's
living
谋生；维持生活
earn
a
reputation
赢得美名
(2)earnings
n.
所得；收入；工资
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②He
earned
(earn)
his
living
by
selling
fruit
when
young.
③Average
weekly
earnings
(earn)
rose
by
1.5%
in
July.
5
[教材原句]He
was
determined
to
help
other
children
have
clean
water.(P15)
他决心帮助其他孩子有干净的水喝。
①I
am
determined
to
find
out
the
rights
and
wrongs
of
this
matter.
我决心查明这件事的真相。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be
determined
to
do
sth.
决心做某事
be
determined
by
视……而定
(2)determine
vt.
决定；确定；下定决心
determine
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人决定做某事
determine
to
do
sth.
决心做某事
(3)determination
n.
决心；果断
with
determination
坚决地
[名师点津]
determine
to
do
sth.
表示动作，为非延续性动词短语，不可与时间状语连用；be
determined
to
do
sth.
表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用。类似的短语还有：prepare
for/be
prepared
for;
worry
about/be
worried
about
等。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②Determined
(determine)
to
make
a
good
fortune,
he
left
for
California.
③I
have
determined
on/upon
working
as
a
volunteer
teacher
in
the
countryside
after
graduation.
④It
was
her
determination
(determine)
that
made
a
deep
impression
on
me.
6
[教材原句]He
started
to
ask
for
help
from
his
classmates
and
neighbours
and
persuaded
them
to
donate
money.(P15)
他开始向同学和邻居求助，并劝说他们捐款。
[归纳拓展]
(1)persuade
sb.to
do
sth.＝persuade
sb.into
doing
sth.
＝argue
sb.
into
doing
sth.＝talk
sb.into
doing
sth.说服某人做某事
(2)persuade
sb.not
to
do
sth.＝persuade
sb.out
of
doing
sth.＝talk
sb.out
of
doing
sth.说服某人不做某事
(3)try
to
persuade
sb.to
do
sth.＝advise
sb.to
do
sth.尽力说服某人做某事
(4)persuade
sb.of
sth./that...
使某人相信……
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①I
persuaded
my
sister
to_go
camping
with
me.
＝I
persuaded
my
sister
into
camping
with
me.
我说服了我姐姐和我一起去野营。
②The
young
mother
tried_to_persuade
her
son
to
have
a
cup
of
milk,
but
in
vain.
＝The
young
mother
advised
her
son
to
have
a
cup
of
milk,
but
in
vain.
那位年轻的妈妈尽力劝她的儿子喝杯牛奶，但没用。
[熟词生义]
How
can
I
persuade
you
that
I
am
sincere？(vt.
使……相信)
7
[教材原句]He
started
to
ask
for
help
from
his
classmates
and
neighbours
and
persuaded
them
to
donate
money.(P15)
他开始向同学和邻居求助，并劝说他们捐款。
①Would
you
like
to
donate
an
unusual
gift?
你想赠送一份特殊的礼物吗？
[归纳拓展]
(1)donate...to...
把……捐赠给……
donate...to
do
sth.
捐赠/捐献……做某事
(2)donation
n.
捐赠；捐献
make
a
donation
to
向……捐赠
collect
donations
for
为……募捐
(3)donator
n.
捐赠者
donated
adj.
捐赠的
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②The
old
man
donated
a
lot
of
money
to
the
school,
enabling
the
students
to
return
to
their
classroom.
③She
made
a
donation
(donate)
of
a
thousand
dollars
to
the
earthquake?stricken
area.
④Volunteers
came
with
carloads
of
donated
(donate)
clothing
and
toys.
[教材原句]Today，over
800,000
people
in
16
countries
across
Africa
have
benefited
from
the
life?changing
gift
of
clean，safe
water.(P15)
今天，来自非洲16个国家的80多万人受益于干净、安全的水这一改变生活的礼物。
[归纳拓展]
(1)benefit
from/by...
从……受益；得益于
benefit
sb.对某人有益
(2)be
of
(much/great)
benefit
to
sb.对某人(很)有益
for
the
benefit
of
为了……的利益
(3)beneficial
adj.
有益的；有利的
be
beneficial
to...
对……有益
[即时巩固]
完成句子/单句语法填空
①It
is
known
that
we
can
benefit
a
lot
from
playing
ping?pong.
众所周知，我们能从打乒乓球中受益良多。
②For_the_benefit_of
his
country,
he
goes
all
out.
为了国家的利益，他全力以赴。
③Fresh
air
is
beneficial
(benefit)
to
our
health.
[熟词生义]
In
1986
more
than
three
million
people
were
receiving
unemployment
benefit.
(n.救济金)
1
[教材原句]making
a
difference
(P13)
与众不同
①A
small
kindness
can
indeed
make
a
difference.
一个小的善举的确有着重要的作用。
[归纳拓展]
(1)make
much/a
big/a
great
difference
to
对……有很大的影响(作用)
(2)make
no/little
difference
to
对……没有/几乎没有影响(作用)；对……不重要/无所谓
(3)tell
the
difference
between...and...
区分……和……
(4)make
all
the
difference
to
sb./sth.
关系重大；大不相同
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②Every
individual's
effort
will
make_a_difference
to
environment
protection.
每个人的努力都会对环境保护产生影响。
③It
makes_no_difference
to
me
whether
he
comes
here
or
not.
他来不来这里对我来说没有什么影响。
④The
twins
are
so
alike；it's
difficult
to
tell_the_difference
between
them.
这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。
2
[教材原句]But
the
look
on
everybody's
face
when
you're
finished
and
packing,
it's
the
best
smile
in
the
world;
and
there's
nobody
hurt,
and
the
well's
under
control.(P13)
但是当你收拾好行李的时候，每个人脸上的表情，是世界上最好的微笑，没有人受到伤害，而且井在控制之中。
①Don't
worry—everything
is
under
control!
别担心，一切都控制住了！
[归纳拓展]
have
control
over
对……加以控制
lose
control
of
对……失去控制
bring...under
control
控制住某物
take
control
of
得到对……的控制
out
of
control
失去控制
under/in
the
control
of
受……的管理/控制
beyond
control
无法控制
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②It
took
two
hours
to
bring
the
fire
under
control.
③I
have_control_over
nothing
except
my
own
mind.
除了自己的思想，我控制不了任何事。
④The
car
got
out_of_control
and
crashed
over
the
cliff.
汽车失去了控制，掉下了悬崖。
3
[教材原句]set
up
facilities
to
purify
water(P14)
建立净水设施
①People
began
to
set
up
their
new
homes
with
the
help
of
the
government.
在政府的帮助下，人们开始建立新家。
[归纳拓展]
set
up
竖起来；立起来；支起；建立；建造；创立
set
about
doing
sth.
开始做或处理；着手
set
out
to
do
sth.开始做或处理；着手
set
aside
留出/节省(时间或钱)；对……不予考虑
set
off/out
for＋地点 动身去某地
set
off
引爆；激发
be
set
in...
以……为背景；故事发生在……
set
down
下车；写下；记下
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②We
set
up
an
organization
to
protect
the
environment.
③You'd
better
set
aside
some
time
to
relax.
④We
set
off
fireworks
to
celebrate
the
festival.
⑤Passengers
may
be
set
down
and
picked
up
only
at
the
official
stops.
[教材原句]He
also
saw
hundreds
of
delighted
students
who
had
turned
out
to
welcome
him.(P15)
他还看到数百名高兴的学生前来欢迎他。
①If
the
day
turns
out
wet,
we
may
have
to
change
our
plans.
如果天气变潮湿了，我们可能得改变计划。
[归纳拓展]
turn
down
降低(力量、声音等)；拒绝；不接受
turn
up
开大声音；出场；露面
turn
in
上交；归还
turn
to
转向；求助于
turn
on
打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等)
turn
over
考虑；翻过来；翻身；移交；翻阅
turn
against
背叛
turn
away
不准某人进入某处
turn
out
证明是；结果是
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②We
wanted
to
make
this
an
unforgettable
family
outing,
but
it
turned_out
to
be
a
huge
disappointment.
我们本想让这次家庭出游成为难忘的记忆，但是结果却非常令人失望。
③Tom
had
to
turn_down
the
invitation
to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.
上周末汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。
④He
did
not
fall
asleep,
turning_over
in
bed
from
time
to
time.
他躺在床上翻来覆去睡不着觉。
5
[教材原句]He
really
had
made
a
difference
for
these
children.
He
broke
into
a
joyful
smile.(P15)
他真的给这些孩子们带来了改变。他愉快地笑了起来。
①As
the
president's
car
drew
up,
the
crowd
broke
into
loud
applause.
总统的车停下时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。
[归纳拓展]
break
out
突发；爆发
break
off
折断；突然停止；暂停
break
down
分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉
break
away
脱离；放弃；逃跑
break
in
打断；闯入
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②A
fire
broke
out
in
the
lower
storey
during
the
midnight
and
soon
the
whole
building
was
in
flames.
③My
car
broke
down
on
my
way
to
work.
④Last
night
somebody
broke
into
Mr
White's
house
and
took
away
a
lot
of
things.
As
a
six?year?old
Canadian
schoolboy，Ryan
had
trouble
believing
the
words
spoken
by
his
teacher
that
many
people
in
developing
African
countries
couldn't
get
enough
clean
water.(P14)
作为一个六岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信老师说的许多非洲发展中国家的人得不到足够的干净的水。
[句式分析]
have
trouble
(in)
doing
sth.
“做某事有困难”。trouble前可用some,
any,
no,
little等词来修饰。
[归纳拓展]
表示“做某事有困难”还有如下结构：
have
difficulty
with
sth.
have
trouble/problems
in
doing
sth.
have
a
hard
time
in
doing
sth.
there's
difficulty/trouble
do
sth.
without
(with)
difficulty
毫不费力(费力)地做某事
[名师点津]
在考查句型have
trouble/difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.时，trouble
/difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语成为have
doing形式。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①The
experts
are
trying
to
find
out
the
reason
why
many
teenagers
have
difficulty
communicating
(communicate)
with
their
parents.
②Whenever
we
have
trouble
with
our
studies,
our
teachers
always
help
us
patiently.
③You
can't
imagine
what
great
difficulty
we
have
ever
had
dealing
(deal)
with
the
problems.
After
several
months，Ryan
had
raised
the
$2，000，with
which
a
well
was
built
near
a
primary
school
in
Uganda.?P15?
几个月后，瑞安筹集了2
000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近建了一口井。
[句式分析]
with
which
a
well
was
built
near
a
primary
school
in
Uganda
为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the
$2,000。
①This
is
the
gold
medal
of
which
I
feel
proud.
这是我引以为豪的金牌。
[归纳拓展]
(1)“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which
或
whom。
(2)“介词＋which”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，相当于关系副词when，where和why。
(3)“介词(短语)＋which”在定语从句中也可以作目的、方式状语。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②Here
are
some
problems
put
up
at
the
meeting,
most_of_which
are
about
education
and
health.
这次会上提出了一些问题，大部分都是关于教育和医疗的。
③The
children,
all_of_whom
had
played
the
whole
day
long，were
worn
out.
孩子们因为玩了一整天，都已经精疲力竭了。
④I
bought
a
new
mobile
phone
last
week,
the_price_of_which/of_which_the_price/whose_price
was
very
reasonable.
上周我买了一部新手机，它的价钱很合理。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You
should
take
effective
(有效的)
measures
to
improve
your
English.
2．These
materials
can
be
recycled
(重新利用)
into
other
packaging
products.
3．Struck
by
strong
snowstorms,
the
area
faced
severe
water
and
electricity
shortage
(短缺)．
4．We
all
breathed
a
sigh
of
relief
(宽慰)
when
he
left.
5．We
were
deeply
touched
by
her
contribution
(贡献)
to
the
protection
of
animals.
6．Usually
the
only
new
art
sold
at
auction
is
donated
(捐赠)
by
artists
to
raise
money
for
charity.
7．The
reality
(现实)
of
the
situation
is
that
unless
we
find
some
new
funding
soon,
the
youth
centre
will
have
to
close.
8．The
fund
(资金)
has
been
used
largely
to
finance
the
construction
of
federal
prisons.
Ⅱ.选词填空
to
one's
relief；
benefit
from；be
grateful
to；contribute
to；make
a
difference；under
control
1．Please
keep
your
dog
under_control.
2．I
knew
I
wanted
to
make_a_difference
in
the
world
somehow,
but
I
had
no
idea
how
to
do
that.
3．No
doubt
the
theater
has
contributed_to
the
area's
development
and
economic
growth.
4．To_her_relief,_her
health
is
improving
little
by
little.
5．We
were_grateful_to
you
for
what
you
did
for
us.
6．I'm
sure
you'll
benefit_from
living
in
two
different
cultures.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Much_to_my_relief,_the
car
was
not
damaged.
令我非常欣慰的是车没有损坏。
2．The
new
law
will
come_into_effect
next
month.
这项新法律下个月生效。
3．China
has
been
pushing
the
reform
of
public
hospitals
for_the_benefit_of
all
its
citizens.
为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。
4．Do
you
know
the
man
to_whom
I
spoke
just
now?
你认识刚才和我讲话的那个人吗？
5．I
had
some
difficulty
in
carrying_out
the
plan.
我在执行计划时遇到了一些困难。
PAGEUnit
2
Making
a
difference
第二课时 Using
language
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．extend
vt.
延长；延伸；持续→extension
n.
扩大；延伸
2．mission
n.
职责；使命
3．disease
n.
疾病，病
4．disability
n.
失去能力；伤残→disable
vt.
使人丧失能力；使残疾→disabled
adj.
残废的；有残疾的
5．sensitive
adj.
敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的→sensitively
adv.
敏感地；灵敏地→sense
n.
感觉
6．generous
adj.
慷慨的；大方的→generously
adv.
慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地→generosity
n.
慷慨；大方；宽宏大量
7．hesitate
v.
犹豫，迟疑→hesitation
n.
犹豫→hesitant
adj.
犹豫的；踌躇的
8．cancer
n.
癌症
9．royal
adj.
王室的；皇家的
10．institution
n.
机构；团体
11．assistance
n.
援助；帮助→assist
vt.
帮助；协助；援助→assistant
n.
助手，助理，售货员
12．registration
n.
执照；登记→register
vt.
记录；登记
13．confirmation
n.
证实，确认书→confirm
v.
证实，确认→confirmed
adj.
成习惯的，根深蒂固的
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．从事；占据；拿起
take_up
2．对……有信心
be_confident_about/of
3．提出；想出
come_up_with
4．使……振作起来
cheer...up
5．在……中起重要作用
play_an_important_role_in
6．kind
of
有点儿
7．live
with
忍受
8．a
sense
of
humour
幽默感
9．help
out
帮忙
10．come
across
偶然遇到
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．He's
sensitive
and
rather
serious,
which
sometimes
makes_him_appear
to
be
a
little
bookish.(P18)
他很敏感，而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点书生气。
2．He
always
knows
how_to_make
wise
decisions.(P18)
他总是知道如何做出明智的决定。
Ⅳ.语法初探——单句语法填空
1．Larger
amounts
of
caffeine
can
cause
a
problem
called
(call)
caffeinism.
2．To
return
to
the
problem
of
water
pollution,
I'd
like
you
to
look
at
a
study
conducted
(conduct)
in
Australia
in
2012.
3．In
art
criticism,
you
must
assume
the
artist
has
a
secret
message
hidden
(hide)
within
the
work.
4．The
producer
comes
regularly
to
collect
the
cameras
returned
(return)
to
our
shop
for
quality
problems.
5．In
some
languages,
100
words
make
up
half
of
all
words
used
(use)
in
daily
conversations.
1
extend
v.
延长，延伸；扩大，扩展；伸出；持续
[教材原句]Since
1953，UNICEF
has
taken
up
an
extended
mission
to
help
children
in
the
developing
world，including
those
living
with
diseases
or
disabilities...(P17)
自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会承担了一项长期任务——帮助发展中国家的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童……
①Careful
maintenance
can
extend
the
life
of
your
car.
精心保养可延长汽车寿命。
[归纳拓展]
(1)extend
to/into
延续，延伸到……
extend
from...to...
从……一直延伸到……
extend
a
helping
hand
to
sb.
向某人伸出援助之手
(2)
extension
n.
延伸；扩大；延长期
[易混辨析]
extend
伸出；延伸。指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。
expand
展开；扩大。不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。
spread
伸开；传播。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如：传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。
stretch
伸展；拉长。一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。重点在形状的变化。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②The
company
extended
its
services
to
Hong
Kong.
该公司将其业务扩展到香港。
③The
pub
had
an
extension
on
Christmas
Eve.
这家酒吧已获准在圣诞前夕延长营业时间。
2
[教材原句]He's
sensitive
and
rather
serious，which
sometimes
makes
him
appear
to
be
a
little
bookish.(P18)
他很敏感，而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点书生气。
①My
teeth
are
very
sensitive
to
cold
food.
我的牙齿对凉的食物很敏感。
[归纳拓展]
be
sensitive
to
对……敏感
be
sensitive
about
神经过敏的；易生气的
[易混辨析]
sensitive
“敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的”。be
sensitive
to
“对……敏感”。
sensible
“明智的；意识到的”。be
sensible
of
“意识到，认识到”。
allergic
“对……过敏的”。be
allergic
to“对……过敏；对……十分反感”。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②I
learned
that
a
fish
is
a
cold?blooded
animal
and
therefore
is
very
sensitive
to
water
temperature.
③My
sister
is
allergic
to
seafood.
④It
would
be
sensible
(sense)
for
you
to
discuss
this
matter
with
your
parents
before
you
make
a
decision.
3
[教材原句]She's
usually
very
shy,
but
she's
generous
and
never
hesitates
to
help.(P18)
她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，从不犹豫去帮忙。
①Please
do
not
hesitate
to
contact
me
if
you
have
any
question.
如果您有任何问题，请随时与我联系。
[归纳拓展]
(1)hesitate
to
do
sth.犹豫做某事
hesitate
about/at/over
doing
sth.
做某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation
n.
犹豫，踌躇，迟疑；不情愿
have
no
hesitation
in
doing
sth.
毫不犹豫地做某事
without
hesitation
毫不犹豫地
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②He
was
still
hesitating
over
whether
to
leave
or
not.
③He
jumped
into
the
water
to
save
the
drowning
child
without
hesitation
(hesitate)．
4
[教材原句]He's
always
confident
about
everything.(P18)
他对一切都很有信心。
①I'm
quite
confident
that
I
can
help
you
learn
Mandarin.
我很有信心帮助你学习普通话。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be
confident
about
sth.
对……有信心
be
confident
that...
对……有信心
be
confident
of
(doing)
sth.
对(做)……有把握
(2)confidence
n.
信心
have/show
confidence
in...
对……有信心
with
confidence
满怀信心地
(3)confidently
adv.
自信地
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②I
should
be
confident
(confidence)
and
practice
hard
to
overcome
difficulties
in
my
life.
③He
is
confident
about
the
future
of
the
project.
④Tom
blamed
his
lack
of
confidence
(confident)
on
his
mother.
5
[教材原句]In
China,
volunteers
are
also
playing
an
increasingly
important
role
in
environmental
protection，disability
assistance
and
many
other
fields.(P19)
在中国，志愿者在环保、助残以及许多其他领域也发挥着越来越重要的作用。
[归纳拓展]
(1)come
to
one's
assistance
援助某人
(2)assist
vt.
帮助；协助；援助
assist
sb.
to
do
sth.
帮助某人做某事
assist
sb.
with
sth.
帮助某人某事
assist
sb.
in
doing
sth.
帮助某人做某事
(3)assistant
n.
助手；助理；售货员
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①I
have
such
a
good
command
of
English
that
I
am
elected
as
assistant
(assist)
to
my
English
teacher.
②When
in
trouble,
his
friends
always
come
to
his
assistance
(assist)．
③I
swam
to
Dad
quickly
and
assisted
him
to_climb
(climb)
onto
the
hull
of
the
boat.
④The
nurse
assisted
the
doctor
with
the
preparation
of
the
medicine.
1
[教材原句]Since
1953，UNICEF
has
taken
up
an
extended
mission
to
help
children
in
the
developing
world，including
those
living
with
diseases
or
disabilities...(P17)
自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会承担了一项长期任务——帮助发展中国家的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童……
[归纳拓展]
take
sth.back
撤销；收回(所说的话以示道歉)
take
down
写下；拆除
take
in
收留；吸收；欺骗
take
off
脱掉；起飞；成名
take
on
雇用；呈现；承担
take
over
占据；接任；接替
[即时巩固]
(1)写出下列句子中take
up的汉语意思
①Peter
will
take
up
his
post
as
the
head
of
the
travel
agency
at
the
end
of
next
month.开始从事
②This
chapter
takes
up
where
the
last
one
left
off.继续
③We
tried
to
find
a
table
for
seven,
but
they
were
all
taken
up.占据
④Are
you
going
to
take
up
the
challenge
of
lasting
a
whole
week
without
arguing？接受
(2)完成句子
①I
know
how
busy
you
must
be
and
naturally
I
wouldn't
want
to
take_up
too
much
of
your
time.
我知道你一定很忙，所以我不想占用你太多的时间。
②He
didn't
take_in
what
he
read
because
his
mind
was
focused
on
something
else.
他没有领会他阅读的东西，因为他的思想在其他事情上。
③With
the
development
of
the
economy,
our
hometown
is
taking_on
a
new
look.
随着经济的发展，我们的家乡呈现出了崭新的面貌。
2
[教材原句]He
often
comes
up
with
good
ideas.(P18)
他经常想出好主意。
[归纳拓展]
comp
up
走近；出现；被提出，被提及
come
about
发生；产生
come
across
遇见，(偶然)发现；被理解
come
on
来吧；赶快；进行
come
to
来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉
come
out
开花；发芽；出版；结果是
come
of
是……的结果
When
it
comes
to...
当涉及……；当谈到……
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Our
class
came_up_with
the
idea
to
make
better
use
of
used
materials.
我们班想出了办法去更好地利用废品。
②A
lot
of
new
questions
came_up
at
the
meeting.
在此次会议上，许多新问题被提了出来。
③He
spoke
for
a
long
time
but
his
meaning
didn't
really
come_across.
他讲了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。
④Fred
was
such
a
hardworking
student
that
he
came_out
first
in
the
exam.
福瑞德是一个勤奋的学生，以至于他在考试中得了第一名。
3
[教材原句]She'll
try
to
cheer
you
up
if
you
have
a
problem,
but
she's
kind
of
lazy.(P18)
如果你有问题，她会尽力让你高兴起来，但她有点懒。
[归纳拓展]
cheer...on
鼓励；为……打气/加油
cheer
for...
为……欢呼
Cheers！干杯！
(用于祝酒)
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①When
the
pop
star
turned
up,
the
audience
burst
into
cheers
(cheer)．
②When
the
girl
is
feeling
sad,
her
mother
tells
her
funny
stories
to
cheer_her_up.
当小女孩感到忧伤时，她的母亲就给她讲有趣的故事哄她高兴。
③Feel
blue
about
the
world？Cheer_up!
对世界感到沮丧吗？振作起来！
He's
sensitive
and
rather
serious，which
sometimes
makes
him
appear
to
be
a
little
bookish.?P18?
他很敏感，而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点书生气。
[句式分析]
本句为主从复合句，关系代词which
引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句中含有make
sb./sth.
do
sth.句型。
①My
parents
would
like
to
make
me
study
24
hours
a
day.
我父母想让我每天24小时学习
[归纳拓展]
“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。即：
make＋宾语＋
[名师点津]
接不带to的动词不定式作宾补，此类动词或短语有make,
have,
let等使役动词及see,
watch,
notice,
hear,
look
at等感官动词(短语)。若此类动词或短语用于被动语态，则to不能省略。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②The
teacher
raised
his
voice
so
that
he
could
make
himself
heard
(hear)．
③The
teacher
made
some
students
stay
in
the
classroom
after
school.
老师让一些学生放学后待在教室里。
He
always
knows
how
to
make
wise
decisions.(P18)
他总是知道如何做出明智的决定。
[句式分析]
句中how
to
make属于“疑问词＋不定式”结构。
①No
one
could
tell
me
where
to
buy
the
interesting
book.
没有人能告诉我在哪儿能买到这本有趣的书。
[归纳拓展]
(1)疑问代词who,
what,
which等和疑问副词when,
where,
how等后面跟不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。
(2)当“疑问词＋动词不定式”用作动词的宾语时，其逻辑主语需与主句的主语保持一致，否则用宾语从句。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②Whether
to_accept
(accept)
his
invitation
is
on
my
mind.
③There
are
so
many
sweaters.I
can't
decide
which
to_choose
(choose)．
④Our
teacher
told
us
when_to_hold_the_party
hadn't
been
decided.
老师告诉我们何时举行晚会还没有决定。
过去分词作定语
1．过去分词作定语的位置
(1)单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。
The
government
decided
to
rebuild
the
damaged
bridge.
政府决定重新修复那座被毁坏的大桥。
I
am
fond
of
the
food
cooked
by
your
mother.
＝I
am
fond
of
the
food
that/which
is
cooked
by
your
mother.
我很喜欢你妈妈做的饭菜。
The
computer
center,
opened
last
year,
is
very
popular
among
the
students
in
this
school.
＝The
computer
center,
which
was
opened
last
year,
is
very
popular
among
the
students
in
this
school.
电脑中心是去年开放的，很受这个学校的学生欢迎。
[名师点津]
有些过去分词表示特定含义，单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后。如：left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。另外，单个过去分词作定语修饰代词时，应该放在被修饰的词后面。
There
is
a
little
time
left.
Let's
hurry
up.
剩余时间不多了，咱们快点吧。
He
is
one
of
those
invited.
他是那些被邀请的人之一。
(2)有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置，意义不变，但有些过去分词置于被修饰词前后的位置不同，则意义也不相同。
All
the
broken
windows
have
been
repaired.
＝All
the
windows
broken
have
been
repaired.
所有坏了的窗户已经被修理好了。
The
method
used
is
very
efficient.
所用的这个方法很有效。
This
is
a
used
car
worth
only
5,000
yuan.
这是一辆价值5
000元的二手车。
2．及物动词和不及物动词的过去分词作定语
(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，具有完成和被动两层含义。
steamed
bread
馒头
respected
leaders
受人尊敬的领导
excited
children
兴奋的孩子们
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作的完成，无被动之意。
a
fallen
tree
一棵倒下的树
a
retired
worker
一位退休工人
3．不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别
过去分词作定语
表示被动或已经完成的动作
现在分词作定语
表示主动或进行的动作
现在分词的被动形式作定语
表示被动和进行的动作
不定式作定语
表示将来的动作
Jim
has
retired,
but
he
still
remembers
the
happy
time
spent
with
his
students.
吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。
Who
is
the
man
working
there?
在那儿工作的那个人是谁？
The
bike
being
repaired
is
mine.
正在修的自行车是我的。
Do
you
want
to
see
the
doctor
to
be
sent
for
from
Beijing?
你想见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？
[即时巩固]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Mrs
White
showed
her
students
some
old
maps
borrowed
(borrow)
from
the
library.
2．The
room
is
empty
except
for
a
bookshelf
standing
(stand)
in
one
corner.
3．This
is
the
problem
being_discussed
(discuss)
now.
4．The
airport
to_be_completed
(complete)
next
year
will
help
promote
tourism
in
this
area.
5．Have
you
noticed
the
surprised
(surprise)expression
on
his
face?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The_polluted_river
gives
off
a
terrible
smell.
这条被污染的河发出难闻的气味。
2．He
was
then
a
teacher
respected_by_all_the_students.
他当时是受所有学生尊敬的老师。
3．Most
of
the
guests
invited_to_my_birthday_party
were
my
school
friends.
大多数被邀请到我的生日晚会的客人是我上学时候的朋友。
4．A
girl,
dressed_like_a_student,_came
in
and
sat
beside
me.
一位学生打扮的女孩走进来，坐在我的旁边。
5．This
is
a
letter
written_in_black_ink.
这是一封用黑墨水写的信。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
forest
extended
(延伸)
in
all
directions
as
far
as
the
eye
could
see.
2．I
know
in
my
heart
that
I
am
the
right
man
for
that
mission
(任务)．
3．Scientists
are
still
searching
for
a
cure
for
the
disease(疾病)．
4．She
is
deaf，but
refuses
to
let
her
disability
(残疾)
prevent
her
from
doing
what
she
wants
to
do.
5．Children
are
very
sensitive
(敏感的)
to
parents'
words.
Remember
to
praise
your
child
not
only
for
a
job
well
done,
but
also
for
the
effort
they
put
into
the
work.
6．It's
generous
(大方的)
of
her
to
give
away
her
money
to
the
poor.
7．Don't
hesitate
(犹豫)
to
turn
to
me
for
help
whenever
you
need
it.
8．He
refused
to
accept
his
friends'
assistance
(援助)
although
it
was
difficult
for
him
to
solve
the
problem.
Ⅱ.选词填空
help
out；come
across；cheer
up；come
up
with；kind
of；take
up
1．More
and
more
people
are
beginning
to
take_up
a
sport
and
take
exercise
regularly.
2．Having
discussed
the
problem
all
afternoon,
they
finally
came_up_with
a
solution
to
it.
3．Whenever/No
matter
when
I'm
unhappy,
it
is
my
friends
who
cheer
me
up.
4．I
was
kind_of
upset
that
you
weren't
there.
5．When
reading
articles
related
to
science,
we
often
come_across
difficult
or
unfamiliar
words.
6．Please
help
me
out
with
this
problem.
Ⅲ.语法练习——完成句子
1.The
building
built_last_year
is
our
classroom
building.
去年建造的房屋现在是我们的教学楼。
2．The
building
being_built_now
is
our
classroom
building.
现在正在建造的房屋是我们的教学楼。
3．The
building
to_be_built_next_month
will
be
our
classroom
building.
下个月将要建造的房屋将是我们的教学楼。
4．The
stolen
bike
was
found
by
the
police
yesterday.
被偷的自行车昨天被警察找到了。
5．The
glass
broken_by_the_boy
belongs
to
his
teacher.
男孩弄碎的玻璃杯是他老师的。
6．The
driver
was
sending
the
books
bought_in_the_bookstore
to
the
school
library.
司机正把在书店买的书送往学校图书馆。
PAGEUnit
2
Making
a
difference
第三课时 Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．aid
n．&
vt.
帮助；援助；资助
2．temporary
adj.
暂时的→permanent
(反义词)
adj.
永久的
3．achievement
n.
成就；功绩→achieve
vt.
完成；达到
4．chief
adj.
最高级别的；首要的
5．major
adj.
主要的
vi.
主修→majority
n.
大多数
6．treatment
n.
治疗→treat
v.
治疗；对待
7．obtain
v.
获得，得到
8．drug
n.
药物；药材
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．站起身来
rise_to_one's_feet
2．在危险中
in_danger
3．记录
keep_records_of
4．大部分情况下
for_the_most_part
5．接纳……加入
take...in
6．the
majority
of
大多数
7．pass
away
去世
8．serve
as
充当
9．at
the
age
of
在……岁时
10．recommend...as...
推荐……作为……
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．These
are
among
the
669
children,
most_of_them_Jewish,_
that
Nicholas
Winton
will
go
on
to
save
from
death
at
the
hands
of
the
Nazis.(P20)
在这669个孩子中，大多数是犹太人，尼古拉斯·温顿将继续拯救他们，使他们免于被纳粹杀害。
2．On_leaving
school，Winton
worked
in
banks
in
Germany
and
France.(P20)
一离开学校，温顿就去了德国和法国的银行工作。
3．By
August
1939,
Winton
had_saved
669
children.(P20)
到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。
4．Later,
Winton
received
various
honours
for
his
achievement,
including
a
knighthood
in
2003,
and
the
Czech
government's
highest
honour,
the
Order
of
the
White
Lion，in
2014.(P21)
后来，温顿因其成就而获得各种荣誉，包括2003年获得爵士头衔，2014年获得捷克政府最高荣誉“白狮勋章”。
Ⅳ.语篇理解
StepⅠ.Read
the
text
on
Page
20—21
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．According
to
the
passage,
Nicholas
Winton
was
born
in
________.
A．Germany
B．France
C．Britain
D．America
答案：C
2．Why
did
Winton
come
to
Prague?
A．He
wanted
to
escape
from
war.
B．He
went
there
for
further
study.
C．He
went
there
to
see
a
friend.
D．He
went
to
aid
people
who
were
escaping
from
the
Nazis.
答案：D
3．Winton
did
much
for
children
between
the
year
1938
and
1939
except
________.
A．he
donated
all
his
own
money
to
the
children
B．he
established
an
office
to
keep
records
of
the
children
C．he
found
temporary
homes
in
Britain
for
the
children
D．he
transported
children
in
Prague
to
safety
in
Britain
答案：A
4．Which
word
isn't
suitable
to
describe
Winton
according
to
the
passage?
A．Kind?hearted.
B．Cautious.
C．Generous.
D．Helpful.
答案：B
5．When
Winton's
deeds
were
brought
to
public
attention,
he
was
________
years
old.
A．70
B．79
C．84
D．59
答案：B
StepⅡ.Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
Nicholas
Winton
was
born
__1__
19
May
1909
in
London，to
German?Jewish
parents.
On
__2__
(leave)school，he
worked
in
banks
in
Germany
and
France.
He
returned
to
Britain
in
1931，__3__
he
worked
in
business.In
1938，he
came
to
Prague
__4__
(aid)
people
who
were
escaping
from
the
Nazis.He
transported
the
children
in
danger
to
__5__
(safe).
By
August
1939,
Winton
__6__
(save)
669
children.During
World
WarⅡ，
he
worked
for
international
charities
and
__7__
(vary)
companies.
__8__，
he
didn't
mention
the
children
he
saved，and
__9__
(he)action
soon
disappeared
from
people's
memories.
That
wasn't
known
to
the
public
__10__
his
wife
sent
a
journal
containing
some
photographs
and
names
of
the
children
he
had
saved
to
a
newspaper.Soon
he
became
a
respected
figure
all
over
the
world.
1．on 2.leaving 3.where 4.to_aid 5.safety
6．had_saved 7.various 8.However 9.his 10.until
1
[教材原句]It
is
August
1939,
and
a
group
of
frightened
children
are
boarding
a
train
at
Prague's
Wilson
Station.(P20)
在1939年8月，一群受惊的孩子正在布拉格威尔逊车站上火车。
I'm
too
frightened
to
ask
him
now.
现在我吓得不敢问他了。
[归纳拓展]
(1)frightening
adj.
令人害怕的
(2)frighten
v.
使惊吓；使惊恐
frighten
sb.into/out
of
doing
sth.
吓唬某人做/不做某事
frighten...away
把……吓跑
frighten
sb.
to
death
把某人吓得半死
(3)fright
n.
害怕；恐惧
[名师点津]
以?ing结尾的形容词，意为
“令人……的”；以?ed结尾的形容词，意为
“感到……的”。frightened
表示人的感受，常修饰人；frightening
用来修饰使人害怕的人或物。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②Don't
frighten
me
into
doing
something
I
don't
want
to
do.
③A
sudden
stop
can
be
a
very
frightening
(frighten)
experience,
especially
if
you
are
travelling
at
high
speed.
④I'll
be
frightened
(frighten)to
look
out
of
the
airplane
window.
2
[教材原句]In
December
1938，a
friend
asked
Winton
to
come
to
Prague
to
aid
people
who
were
escaping
from
the
Nazis.(P20)
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹手中逃脱的人。
[归纳拓展]
(1)give
sb.first
aid/give
first
aid
to
sb.
对某人进行急救
come/go
to
one's
aid/help
帮助某人
in
aid
of
为了援助
with
the
aid
of
在……的帮助下
(2)aid
sb.in
(doing)
sth.
在(做)
某事方面帮助某人
aid
sb.with
sth.以某事/物帮助某人
aid
sb.to
do
sth.帮助某人做某事
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①With_the_aid_of
our
English
teacher，we
have
made
great
progress
this
term.
在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。
②The
moment
he
saw
the
poor
girl
on
TV，he
determined
to
aid_her_in
continuing
her
study.
当他在电视上看到这名可怜的女孩时，他就决定要帮助她完成学业。
③They
collected
much
money
in_aid_of
the
poor
girl.
他们集资以帮助那个可怜的女孩。
④Having
learned
that
I
was
in
trouble，he
came_to_my_aid
without
delay.
得知我有麻烦后，他毫不拖延地前来帮助我。
3
[教材原句]In
December
1938，a
friend
asked
Winton
to
come
to
Prague
to
aid
people
who
were
escaping
from
the
Nazis.(P20)
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹手中逃脱的人。
①It
was
a
prison
from
which
no
one
escaped.
那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。
[归纳拓展]
(1)escape
from...
从……逃脱；逃避
escape
doing/being
done
逃避(被)做某事
escape
death
死里逃生
(2)
escaped
adj.
逃跑了的
(3)a
narrow
escape
九死一生
[名师点津]
escape后跟动名词作宾语，表示被动含义时，用being
done。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②We
were
lucky
to
escape
being_punished/punishment.
我们很幸运，没有受罚。
③The
fire
spread
quickly
but
luckily
all
the
people
were
able
to
escape_from
the
burning
house.
火势蔓延得很快，但幸运的是，所有的人都从燃烧的房子里逃出来了。
④His
name
escaped_me
for
the
moment.
我一时想不起他的名字来了。
figure
n.
数字；图形；雕像；人物；身材；画像
v.
计算；认为
[教材原句]The
programme
brought
his
actions
to
public
attention，and
Winton
became
a
respected
figure
around
the
world.(P21)
这个节目使温顿的行为得到了公众的注意，温顿成了全世界受人尊敬的人物。
[归纳拓展]
(1)watch
one's
figure
注意自己的身材
keep
one's
figure
保持自己的身材
a
key
figure
关键人物
(2)figure
in
算入，包括进
figure
out
理解；弄明白；想出，算出
figure
on
期待，指望，依赖
figure
that...
认为/以为……
[巧学助记]
[即时巩固]
(1)写出下列句子中figure的含义
①She
has
a
good
figure.身材，体形
②By
2014,
this
figure
had
risen
to
14
million.数字
③Chairman
Mao
is
an
important
political
figure.人物
④I
figured
that
he
was
drunk
and
shouldn't
be
allowed
to
drink
more.认为
(2)完成句子
①How
does
Mary
manage
to
keep_her_figure
when
she
eats
so
much?
玛丽吃得这么多，究竟是怎样成功保持身材的？
②We
figure_on
your
coming
early
to
help
us.
我们指望你们早些来帮助我们。
③I
can't
figure_out
what
it
is
that
makes
him
so
depressed
recently.
我琢磨不透最近什么事让他情绪这么低落。
5
[教材原句]Later,
Winton
received
various
honours
for
his
achievement，including
a
knighthood
in
2003，and
the
Czech
government's
highest
honour,
the
Order
of
the
White
Lion，in
2014.(P21)
后来，温顿因其成就而获得各种荣誉，包括2003年获得爵士头衔，2014年获得捷克政府最高荣誉“白狮勋章”。
①In
the
last
few
years,
China
has
made
great
achievements
in
environmental
protection.
在过去的几年里，中国在环保方面已经取得了巨大的成就。
[归纳拓展]
(1)a
sense
of
achievement
成就感
make
great
achievements
取得巨大的成就
(2)achieve
vt.
获得；取得；达到
achieve
one's
aims/goals
达到目标
achieve
success
获得成功
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②We
have
made_great_achievements
in
socialist
construction.
我们取得了社会主义建设的伟大成就。
③Even
a
small
success
gives
you
a_sense_of_achievement.
即便是小小的成功也给你一种成就感。
④It
is
offering
a
way
for
us
to
change
our
lives
and
achieve_our_dreams.
它向我们提供了改变生活和实现梦想的方法。
major
adj.
主要的；重要的；主修的
n.
主修课程；主修学生
vi.
主修
[教材原句]Major
Achievements
and
Awards(P23)
主要成就和奖项
[归纳拓展]
(1)major
in
主修
(2)majority
n.
大多数
be
in
the/a
majority
占大多数；构成大部分
(3)minor
adj.
较少的；次要的
minority
n.
少数；少数民族
[名师点津]
major
用作形容词，意为“主要的；重要的”时，通常用在名词的前面。
[巧学助记]
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①He
majors
in
chemistry
in
the
college.
②The
majority
(major)
are
in
favour
of
banning
smoking.
③People
who
can
speak
English
are
in
the
majority
in
this
country.
7
[教材原句]He
was
awarded
the
Order
of
the
White
Lion.(P22)
他被授予白狮勋章。
[归纳拓展]
(1)award
sb.
sth./award
sth.
to
sb.
授予某人某物
be
awarded
for...
因……而得奖
(2)win/receive/get
an
award
for...
因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①He
received
awards
from
the
government
for
his
contributions
to
agriculture.
②The
Nobel
Prize
is_awarded
(award)
to
those
who
make
great
contributions
in
their
own
fields
every
year.
③He
has
won
many
awards
(award)
for
his
work
in
politics.
8
[教材原句]Worked
as
the
leader
of
a
research
team
aiming
to
discover
a
treatment
for
malaria(P23)
作为一个致力于发现治疗疟疾的方法的研究小组的领导
①He
picked
up
soon
under
the
doctor's
treatment.
他在医生的治疗下不久就康复了。
[归纳拓展]
(1)under
treatment
正在接受治疗
(2)treat
vt.&
vi.
治疗；对待；款待
n.
款待；招待
treat
sb.for
sth.治疗某人某病
treat
sb.like/as...
把某人当……看待
treat
sth.seriously
认真对待某事
treat
sb./oneself
to
sth.
用某物招待某人/自己
It's
my
treat.
我请客。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②Men
and
women
must
be_treated
(treat)
equally
in
education
and
employment.
③I'll
treat
you
to
lunch
at
the
restaurant
in
front
of
our
school.
④I
treat
him
as
my
friend.
⑤Many
patients
are
not
getting
the
medical
treatment
(treat)
they
need.
1
[教材原句]In
Prague,
Winton
saw
people
living
in
terrible
conditions
and
whose
lives
were
in
danger.(P20)
在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在糟糕的条件下，他们的生命处于危险之中。
[归纳拓展]
(1)in
danger
of
有……的危险
out
of
danger
脱离危险
a
danger
to...
对……有危险
(2)dangerous
adj.
有危险的；引起危险的
(3)endanger
vt.
使遭遇危险；危及；危害
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①I
told
him
driving
too
fast
was
dangerous
(danger)
on
the
highway.
②Waste
must
be
treated
so
that
it
does
not
become
a
danger
to
life.
③Many
species
of
animals
are
in_danger_of
dying
out.
许多动物种类都处于濒临灭绝的危险中。
2
[教材原句]During
World
War
Ⅱ，Winton
served
as
an
officer
in
Britain's
Royal
Air
Force.(P20)
二战期间，温顿在英国皇家空军担任军官。
[归纳拓展]
(1)serve
v.
为……服务；为……服役；供应；侍候(顾客等)；端上(饭菜)；对……有用；满足
serve
the
people
heart
and
soul
全心全意为人民服务
serve
sb.
(with)
sth.＝serve
sth.
to
sb.
拿/用某物招待/款待某人
(2)service
n.
服务
at
your
service
愿意为您效劳；听候您的吩咐
[即时巩固]
(1)写出下列句中serve的含义
①Mrs
Smith
served
the
guests
tea
and
cake
in
the
garden.端上
②He
served
more
than
20
years
in
the
army.服役
③The
new
hospital
serves
the
needs
of
the
local
community.满足
④Frank
has
served
this
company
his
whole
working
life.为……工作
(2)单句语法填空/完成句子
①He
served
as
our
guide
during
the
tour.
②The
government
aims
to
improve
public
services
(serve),
especially
education.
③The
waiter
served
us
with
wine.
＝The
waiter
served
wine
to
us.
服务生给我们倒酒。
④If
you
need
my
help,
let
me
know.
I'm
always
at_your_service.
如果你需要帮忙，请告诉我，我随时愿意为你效劳。
⑤As
Party
members,
we
should
serve_the_people_heart_and_soul.
作为党员，我们要全心全意为人民服务。
3
[教材原句]For
the
most
part,
he
did
not
mention
the
children
he
saved，and
his
actions
soon
disappeared
from
people's
memories.(P20)
多数情况下，他没有提到他拯救的孩子，他的行为很快就从人们的记忆中消失了。
①For
the
most
part，students
work
to
earn
money
for
their
own
use.
大多数情况下，学生们打工赚钱是为了自己用。
[归纳拓展]
(1)take
an
active
part
in
积极参加……
take
part
in
参加，参与
(2)play
a
part
in
在……中起作用
play
the
part
of
扮演……的角色
(3)in
part
部分地；在某种程度上
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②The
Olympic
Games
bring
athletes
from
around
the
world
together
to
take_part_in
friendly
competitions.
奥运会使得来自世界各地的运动员一起参加友好的比赛。
③As
is
known
to
all,
geography
also
plays_a_part_in
making
dialects.
众所周知，地理环境对于方言的形成也起了作用。
④Her
success
was
due
in_part
to
luck.
她的成功在某种程度上是由于运气好。
4
[教材原句]A
shocked
Winton
watched
as
the
majority
of
people
rose
to
their
feet.(P21)
当大多数人站起来时，温顿震惊地看着。
①At
the
end
of
the
celebration,
we
all
rose
to
our
feet
cheering
wildly.
庆典结束时，我们都站了起来，热烈地欢呼。
[归纳拓展]
(1)struggle
to
one's
feet
挣扎着站起来
jump
to
one's
feet
跳起来
(2)set
foot
on/in
进入；踏入；涉足于
stand
on
one's
own
feet
自立；独立自主
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②Seeing
the
manager
come
in,
the
staff
rose_to_their_feet.
看见经理进来了，员工们站起身来。
③The
old
man
fell
over
and
struggled_to_his_feet.
老人摔倒了，挣扎着站了起来。
④Now
that
you
have
grown
up,
you
must
learn
to
stand_on_your_own_feet.
既然你已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。
5
[教材原句]Nicholas
Winton
passed
away
on
1
July
2015,
at
the
age
of
106.(P21)
尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日去世，享年106岁。
[归纳拓展]
pass...off
as
(把某人)改变成或冒充成……
pass
sth.down
把……传给后世
pass...on
to...
把……传递给……
pass
by
走过；经过
pass
through
通过；穿过；经历
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①He
passed
the
glass
off_as
diamonds
and
passed
himself
off
as
a
doctor.
他以玻璃冒充钻石并且自己冒充一个医生。
②The
house
came
to
him
when
his
parents
passed_away.
父母过世后，房子就归他了。
③Did
you
see
a
man
in
black
pass_by
just
now?
你刚才有没有看见一位身穿黑色衣服的男子经过？
④She
passed_through
a
difficult
period
after
her
marriage
failed.
她婚姻失败后经历了一段艰难的时期。
⑤Pass
the
book
on_to
me
when
you've
finished
it.
你看完那本书时把它递给我。
These
are
among
the
669
children,
most
of
them
Jewish，that
Nicholas
Winton
will
go
on
to
save
from
death
at
the
hands
of
the
Nazis.(P20)
在这669个孩子中，大多数是犹太人，尼古拉斯·温顿将继续拯救他们，使他们免于被纳粹杀害。
[句式分析]
most
of
them
Jewish
为独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
①He
left
the
office,
tears
in
eyes.
他眼含着泪水离开了办公室。
[归纳拓展]
独立主格结构在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件或伴随等，相当于状语从句。其构成方式如下：
名词(代词)＋
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②He
lay
on
his
back,
his
hands
crossed
(cross)
under
his
head.
③Time
permitting
(permit),
we'll
have
a
dictation
today.
④All_the_tickets_sold_out，they
went
away,
disappointed.
票已经全部卖光，他们只好失望地离去。
⑤I
heard
that
she
got
injured
in
the
accident,
my_heart_full_of_worry.
听说她在这起事故中受伤了，我内心充满了担忧。
On
leaving
school，Winton
worked
in
banks
in
Germany
and
France.?P20?
一离开学校，温顿就去了德国和法国的银行工作。
[句式分析]
on/upon＋n./doing
sth.表示“一……就……”，相当于as
soon
as引导的时间状语从句。
①On
seeing
her,
the
king
immediately
falls
in
love
with
her.
一看见她，国王就爱上了她。
[归纳拓展]
表示“一……就……”的表达还有：
the
moment/the
instant/the
minute＋从句
immediately/instantly/directly/once＋从句
hardly/scarcely...when...
no
sooner...than...
[名师点津]
在hardly/scarcely...when...和no
sooner...than...中，主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。当hardly,
scarcely,
no
sooner放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②On
arriving
(arrive)
at
the
airport,
he
called
a
taxi.
③On
arrival
(arrive),
Jimmy
found
a
long
line
of
applicants
waiting
to
be
interviewed.
④I
recognized
her
instantly
(instant)
I
saw
her.
⑤No
sooner
had
he
arrived
at
the
station
than
he
found
the
train
had
just
started.
By
August
1939,
Winton
had
saved
669
children.(P20)
到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。
[句式分析]
本句中By
August
1939
为by后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句，主句用过去完成时。
[归纳拓展]
“by＋表示某一时间的短语或从句”意为“到……的时候”，是一个介词短语，在句中起连接作用，引导时间状语从句。其用法如下：(1)如从句谓语是一般过去时，则主句用过去完成时；(2)如从句谓语是一般现在时或现在完成时，则主句用将来完成时；(3)如主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，此时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态，此时by
the
time相当于when。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①Hurry
up,
Harry.
Or
by
the
time
you
pack
your
belongings,
the
flight
will_have_left
(leave)．
②By
the
end
of
the
day
those
who
were
less
fit
had_fallen
(fall)
behind.
③By
today,
we
have_learned
(learn)
3,000
English
words.
④By
the
time
you
have
finished
this
book,
your
meal
will_get
(get)
cold.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You
might
want
to
consider
temporary
(临时的)
work
until
you
decide
what
you
want
to
do.
2．His
achievements
(成就)
made
his
parents
very
happy.
3．The
chief
(首席的)
manager
has
decided
to
carry
out
the
plan.
4．As
I
just
mentioned,
pollution
is
a
major
(主要的)
concern
of
our
country.
5．There
have
been
great
advances
in
the
treatment
(治疗)
of
cancer.
6．Attention
was
focused
on
what
was
needed
to
obtain
(获得)
the
required
answer.
7．They
were
caught
selling
illegal
drugs
(药品)．
8．For
further
(更多的)
details,
please
contact
the
booking
office.
Ⅱ.选词填空
pass
away；serve
as；take
part
in；in
danger；escape
from；rise
to
one's
feet
1．The
organizer
of
the
activity
required
that
we
rise_to_our_feet
when
the
visitors
came
in.
2．The
lion
escaped_from
the
zoo
because
the
zookeeper
had
forgotten
to
lock
its
cage.
3．He
drove
so
fast
that
I
really
felt
my
life
was
in_danger.
4．Questions
can
serve_as
a
bridge
that
helps
us
to
seek
the
truth.
5．He
had
no
children
of
his
own,
and
most
of
his
relatives
had
passed_away.
6．If
Jim
took_part_in
the
Talent
Show,
he'd
win
it
for
sure.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Last
year
I
had_a_narrow_escape,_and
I
don't
want
to
risk
my
life
a
second
time.
去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
2．The
gold
medal
will
be_awarded_to
whoever
wins
the
first
place
in
the
bicycle
race.
这块金牌将颁发给在这场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。
3．The_meeting_over,_they
all
went
home.
会议结束，他们都回家了。
4．On/Upon_arriving
in
New
York,
he
got
in
touch
with
his
best
friend.
一到达纽约，他就和最好的朋友取得了联系。
5．By
the
time
the
new
school
year
began,
I
had_finished
reading
his
third
book.
到新学年开始的时候，我已经看完了他的第三本书。
PAGEUnit
2
第四课时 Writing——人物传记
请根据下表的内容提示，以Thomas
Edison为题写一篇著名科学家爱迪生的生平介绍。词数80左右。
姓名
托马斯·爱迪生
简介
1.出生于1847年2月11日，并在美国长大。他是美国历史上主要的科学家和发明家之一。2．小时候被认为不值得受教育，因此只受过三个月的学校教育，可是，在妈妈的教育下，他对读书产生了兴趣。3．10岁时，有了自己的实验室；12岁时，通过在火车上卖报纸谋生。4．在他的一生中，他有很多发明，为世人做出了巨大贡献。5．1931年10月18日去世，全美国熄灯一分钟以示哀悼。
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
【分析】
人物传记是记载人物生平事迹的一种文体，主要是写名人或伟人的生平事迹。因此，写人物传记时，要抓住其出生年月、主要事迹、人们的评价等进行叙述，一般按时间顺序来写。
基本结构
1．开头
(1)直接开头法：这是最常见的一种开头方法。一般从人物的出生开始，按照时间先后顺序安排人物的典型事迹。
(2)倒叙开头法：这种方法常用于介绍在世的人物，通常截取最近发生在人物身上的一个典型的镜头进行切入，接着提及人物的过去。
(3)重要事件开头法：先点出人物生平最重要的事迹，或者他身上最显著的特点。接着展开介绍人物，可以继续按照从重要到次要排列介绍人物的其他事迹，也可以接着用第一种方法，即按照时间顺序继续展开。
2．正文
(1)直叙法：按照人物生卒年月的顺序，依次列举人物较有代表性的事迹。
(2)倒叙法：采用由近到远的时间顺序，叙述人物的生平。
(3)事迹法：按照事件对人物重要性的大小依次叙述。
3．结尾
(1)直接结束法：以人物的卒年或者距离现在最近的一个事件直接结束文章。
(2)评论结束法：根据上文叙述，加入作者对人物的看法和评价。
(3)引用：引用其他人对该人物的评价来结束文章。
Ⅰ.用词
1．leading
adj.
主要的
2．quantity
n.
数量
3．figure
n.
人物
4．bring_up
培养；养育
5．as_a_result
结果
6．earn_one's_living
谋生
Ⅱ.造句
1．Thomas
Edison,
born
on
February
11th,
1847,
was
brought
up
in
the
United
States.
爱迪生出生于1847年2月11日，并在美国长大。
2．He
is_considered_as
one
of
the
leading
scientists
and
inventors
in
American
history.
他被认为是美国历史上主要的科学家和发明家之一。
3．However,
educated_by_his_mother,_he
took
an
interest
in
reading.
可是，在妈妈的教育下，他对读书产生了兴趣。
4．And
at
12,
he
earned_his_living_by_selling_newspapers
on
trains.
在12岁时，他通过在火车上卖报纸谋生。
5．In
all
his
life,
he
had
a
quantity
of
inventions,
making_great_contributions_to
the
world.
在他的一生中，他有很多发明，为世人做出了巨大贡献。
Ⅲ.成篇
Thomas_Edison
Thomas_Edison,_born_on_February_11th,_1847,_was_brought_up_in_the_United_States._He_is_considered_as_one_of_the_leading_scientists_and_inventors_in_American_history.
As_a_boy,_he_was_once_thought_not_worth_educating._However,_educated_by_his_mother,_he_took_an_interest_in_reading._At_the_age_of_ten,_he_had_his_own_laboratory._And_at_12,_he_earned_his_living_by_selling_newspapers_on_trains._In_all_his_life,_he_had_a_quantity_of_inventions,_making_great_contributions_to_the_world.
Thomas_Edison_died_on_October_18th,_1931._In_honor_of_the_important_figure,_electric_lights_in_the_United_States_were_out_for_one_minute.
Self?assessment
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．contribution
n.
贡献→contribute
v.
贡献；投稿；捐献
2．relief
n.
(痛苦或忧虑的)
减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve
vt.
使减轻，缓解
3．shortage
n.
短缺；不足→short
adj.
短的
4．effective
adj.
产生预期结果的；有效的→effect
n.
结果；效力→affect
v.
影响
5．fund
v.
为……提供资金，资助
6．recycle
vt.
回收利用；再利用
7．earn
vt.
赚；挣得；获得→earnings
n.
薪水；工资
8．donate
vt.
捐赠→donation
n.
捐赠品→donator
n.
捐赠者
9．insight
n.
顿悟；猛醒
10．reality
n.
真实；现实→real
adj.
真的；现实的→realism
n.
现实主义
11．extend
vt.
延长；延伸；持续→extension
n.
扩大；延伸
12．mission
n.
职责；使命
13．disease
n.
疾病，病
14．disability
n.
失去能力；伤残→disable
vt.
使人丧失能力；使残疾→disabled
adj.
残废的；有残疾的
15．sensitive
adj.
敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的→sensitively
adv.
敏感地；灵敏地→sense
n.
感觉
16．generous
adj.
慷慨的；大方的→generously
adv.
慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地→generosity
n.
慷慨；大方；宽宏大量
17．hesitate
v.
犹豫，迟疑→hesitation
n.
犹豫→hesitant
adj.
犹豫的；踌躇的
18．cancer
n.
癌症
19．royal
adj.
王室的；皇家的
20．institution
n.
机构；团体
21．assistance
n.
援助；帮助→assist
vt.
帮助；协助；援助→assistant
n.
助手，助理，售货员
22．registration
n．执照；登记→register
vt.记录；登记
23．confirmation
n．证实，确认书→confirm
v．证实，确认→confirmed
adj.成习惯的，根深蒂固的
24．aid
n．&
vt.
帮助；援助；资助
25．temporary
adj.
暂时的→permanent
(反义词)
adj.
永久的
26．achievement
n.
成就；功绩→achieve
vt.
完成；达到
27．chief
adj.
最高级别的；首要的
28．major
adj.
主要的
vi.
主修→majority
n.
大多数
29．treatment
n.
治疗→treat
v.
治疗；对待
30．obtain
v.
获得，得到
31．drug
n.
药物；药材
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．under_control
在控制中
2．set_up
建立
3．give_up
放弃
4．be_determined_to_do_sth.
决心做某事
5．persuade_sb._to_do_sth.
说服某人做某事
6．go_public
公开宣布
7．turn_out
结果是；证明是
8．make_a_difference
有影响；起作用
9．break_into_a_smile
突然笑起来
10．benefit_from
得益于
11．take_up
从事；占据；拿起
12．be_confident_about/of
对……有信心
13．come_up_with
提出；想出
14．cheer...up
使……振作起来
15．play_an_important_role_in
在……中起重要作用
16．kind_of
有点儿
17．live_with
忍受
18．a_sense_of_humour
幽默感
19．help_out
帮忙
20．come_across
偶然遇到
21．rise_to_one's_feet
站起身来
22．in_danger
在危险中
23．keep_records_of
记录
24．for_the_most_part
大部分情况下
25．take...in
接纳……加入
26．the_majority_of
大多数
27．pass_away
去世
28．serve_as
充当
29．at_the_age_of
在……岁时
30．recommend...as...
推荐……作为……
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．All
I
can
do
is_ride
a
tricycle
and
make
money
for
the
students.(P13)
我所能做的就是骑三轮车为学生赚钱。
2．As
a
six?year?old
Canadian
schoolboy,
Ryan
had
trouble
believing
the
words
spoken
by
his
teacher
that
many
people
in
developing
African
countries
couldn't
get
enough
clean
water.(P14)
作为一个六岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信老师说的许多非洲发展中国家的人得不到足够的干净的水。
3．And
why
is
the
water
so_dirty_that
it
makes
them
sick?
(P14)
为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病呢？
4．After
several
months，Ryan
had
raised
the
$2,000,
with_which
a
well
was
built
near
a
primary
school
in
Uganda.(P15)
几个月后，瑞安筹集了2
000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近建了一口井。
5．He's
sensitive
and
rather
serious，which
sometimes
makes_him_appear
to
be
a
little
bookish.(P18)
他很敏感，而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点书生气。
6．He
always
knows
how_to_make
wise
decisions.(P18)
他总是知道如何做出明智的决定。
7．These
are
among
the
669
children,
most_of_them_Jewish,_that
Nicholas
Winton
will
go
on
to
save
from
death
at
the
hands
of
the
Nazis.(P20)
在这669个孩子中，大多数是犹太人，尼古拉斯·温顿将继续拯救他们，使他们免于被纳粹杀害。
8．On_leaving
school,
Winton
worked
in
banks
in
Germany
and
France.(P20)
一离开学校，温顿就去了德国和法国的银行工作。
9．By
August
1939，Winton
had_saved
669
children.(P20)
到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。
10．Later，Winton
received
various
honours
for
his
achievement,
including
a
knighthood
in
2003，and
the
Czech
government's
highest
honour，the
Order
of
the
White
Lion，in
2014.(P21)
后来，温顿因其成就而获得各种荣誉，包括2003年获得爵士头衔，2014年获得捷克政府最高荣誉“白狮勋章”。
Ⅳ.单元语法——完成短语和句子
1．受伤的工人
injured_workers
2．受感动的学生们
moved_students
3．浇过的花
watered_flowers
4．The_lost_time
can
never
be
found
again.
失去的时间永远也找不回来。
5．He
sat
there,
looking
up
at
the_risen_sun.
他坐在那里，仰望着已升起的太阳。
6．The
problem
being_discussed
now
has
something
to
do
with
our
work.
现在正在讨论的问题与我们的工作有关系。
Ⅴ.单元应用文写作
请根据下面的提示，写一篇80字左右的短文，介绍篮球明星科比，内容需要包括所有要点提示，但不要逐句翻译。注意作文内容连贯。
要点提示：科比(Kobe
Bryant)是乔(Joe
Bryant)的独子，而乔原来也是一名专业篮球运动员。
生日
1978年8月23日
球队
洛杉矶湖人队
位置
得分后卫
成就
1996年，科比·布莱恩特高中毕业直接进入NBA。2007—2008赛季获MVP(最有价值球员)称号，且使湖人重回巅峰。作为乔丹之后最完美的得分后卫，2006年他单场得到81分，下一年又连续四场得分超过50。作为奥尼尔的助手，他得到了三连冠。
评价
毫无疑问，他是有史以来最好的球员之一。许多人认为他能与NBA神话乔丹(Michael
Jordan)相提并论。
参考词汇：最完美的
fabulous
Kobe_Bryant，born_on_August_23,1978，is_an_NBA_shooting_guard_who_plays_for_the_Los_Angeles_Lakers.
Kobe_became_famous_when_he_jumped_straight_from_high_school_to_National_Basketball_Association_(NBA)_in_1996._Twelve_years_later，he_has_become_the_best_player_of_the_league._Kobe_Bryant_was_awarded_the_season's_MVP_in_the_2007—2008_NBA_season，and_led_Lakers_back_to_the_top._As_the_most_fabulous_shooting_guard_after_Jordan，he_once_scored_81_points_at_a_single_game_in_2006._The_next_year，he_got_four_straight_50?point._As_an_assistant_of_O'neal，he_got_3_championships_in_a_row.
There's_no_doubt_that_he_is_one_of_the_best_players_in_history._Many_think_that_Kobe_Bryant_can_be_compared_to_NBA_legend_Michael_Jordan.
PAGE
