Unit
3
The
world
of
science
Unit
3
The
world
of
science
What
is
the
image
of
a
typical
female
scientist?
Perhaps
you
imagine
a
pair
of
thick
glasses,
messy
hair
and
a
few
wrinkles
on
the
forehead?
With
her
high?heeled
shoes
and
graceful
posture,
Yan
Ning
may
break
that
stereotype.
Called
“the
goddess
scientist”，
Yan,
42,
is
a
leading
biology
researcher
at
Princeton
University
in
the
US.
On
April
30,
she
was
included
among
100
new
members
and
25
foreign
associates
into
The
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
a
famous
scientific
institution
that
aims
to
recognize
outstanding
research
in
the
US.
You
may
not
know
Yan's
contribution
to
biology,
but
she
is
a
rising
star
in
the
science
world
and
her
resume
is
impressive.
After
graduating
from
Tsinghua
University
and
Princeton,
she
was
invited
to
set
up
her
own
laboratory
at
Tsinghua
in
2007.
At
age
30,
she
became
one
of
China's
youngest?ever
female
professors.
It
was
a
long
road
to
get
where
she
is
now.
She
always
believes
that
scientists
need
to
have
a
pure
mind
and
perseverance.
Yan
likes
to
work
at
night.
She
says
it's
because
she
can
focus
when
the
outside
is
quiet.
She
also
works
at
least
14
hours
a
day,
but
she's
energetic,
because
research
is
the
most
“comfortable”
job
for
her.
This
devotion
to
her
work
probably
helped
Yan
in
her
research
to
identify
the
structures
of
proteins
in
cells'
plasma
membranes,
which
puzzled
scientists
for
half
a
century.
Her
achievements
got
her
listed
among
the
journal
Nature's
Science
Stars
of
China
in
2016.
As
she
realizes
her
own
dreams,
Yan
tries
to
encourage
more
women
to
pursue
careers
in
science.
In
her
eyes,
there
is
no
difference
between
men
and
women
in
the
scientific
fields.
“Women
can
work
as
excellently
as
men
and
live
the
way
they
choose
to，”
she
said
in
a
public
interview.
开启快乐学习之旅
[知识点击]
1．wrinkle
n.
皱纹
2．stereotype
n.
刻板印象
3．associate
n.
院士
4．resume
n.
简历
5．perseverance
n.
毅力
6．protein
n.
蛋白质
7．cells'
plasma
membranes
细胞质膜
模块核心素养导航
第一课时 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．press
v.
按；压；逼迫
n.
按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure
n.
压力
2．shoot
vt.
射出；放射→shot过去式/过去分词→shooting
n.
枪击；枪杀
3．virtual
adj.
虚拟的
4．flexible
adj.
灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的→flexibly
adv.
灵活地
5．capable
adj.
有能力的→capability
n.
能力，才能
6．desire
n.
渴望；欲望；渴求
vt.
希望得到；想要→desirable
adj.
值得做的；满足需要的；可取的
7．stuff
n.
东西；物品
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．除此之外；另外
in_addition
2．多亏；由于
thanks_to
3．就……而言
in_terms_of
4．而且
what's_more
5．work
as
充当
6．start
with
以……开始
7．lead
to
导致
8．by
oneself
独自
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．And
now,
we
find_ourselves_in
the
great
new
age
of
technology.(P26)
现在，我们发现自己身处伟大的科技新时代。
2．It
is
capable
of
using
GPS
technology
to
travel
to
different
places,
with
computing
technology
controlling
its
“legs”．(P27)
它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，计算机技术控制它的“腿”。
3．So
what
is_it_that
inspires
us
to
invent
things？(P27)
那么，是什么激励我们发明东西呢？
4．But
what
remains
important
is
that
we
have
an
incredible
desire
to
think
and
create,
and
that's
the
real
spirit
of
invention.(P27)
但仍然重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。
Ⅳ.语篇理解
StepⅠ.Read
the
text
on
Page
26—27
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．According
to
the
text，which
statement
is
true?
A．The
present
day
is
a
new
age
for
inventions.
B．The
great
age
of
invention
is
over.
C．The
golden
ages
of
invention
only
existed
in
Ancient
China.
D．All
the
new
great
inventions
are
tech?based.
答案：A
2．The
following
new
great
inventions
are
tech?based
except
________.
A．advances
in
virtual
reality
B．wearable
tech
C．the
flexible
battery
D．compass
答案：D
3．Many
great
new
inventions
mentioned
in
the
passage
don't
include
________.
A．3D
printers
B．GPS
technology
C．a
time
machine
D．solar
technology
答案：C
4．What
inspires
inventors
to
invent
things
according
to
Richard?
A．To
earn
wealth.
B．An
incredible
desire
to
think
and
create.
C．To
earn
worldwide
fame.
D．To
be
an
inventor.
答案：B
5．What's
Richard's
attitude
towards
a
time
machine?
A．Negative.
B．Positive.
C．Indifferent.
D．Impossible.
答案：B
StepⅡ.Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
Dr
Richard
Fairhurst
is
an
inventor
__1__
new
book
has
just
been
published.He
talks
about
his
opinions
about
the
new
age
of
inventions
in
the
interview.
In
the
past,
there
were
four
great
inventions
in
ancient
China
and
great
inventions
in
the
west，and
they
__2__
(change)the
world
forever.
Now
we
find
__3__
(we)
in
the
great
new
age
of
technology.
For
example，advances
in
virtual
reality
and
wearable
tech，as
well
as
the
flexible
battery，mean
we
should
soon
be
seeing
__4__
(far)developments.New
inventions
__5__
3D
printers
have
been
used
to
make
replacement
hearts
and
bone
parts.
In
terms
of
the
environment，it's
now
possible
to
create
__6__
intelligent
walking
house.
The
reasons
behind
most
inventions
start
with
__7__
(recognise)
a
problem
that
needs
a
__8__
(solve),
__9__
later
led
to
more
advances
in
the
technology.
But
__10__
remains
important
is
that
we
have
an
incredible
desire
to
think
and
create,
and
that's
the
real
spirit
of
invention.
1．whose 2.changed 3.ourselves 4.further 5.like
6．an 7.recognising 8.solution 9.which 10.what
1
[教材原句]Presently
I
am
going
to
press
the
lever,
and
off
the
machine
will
go.(P25)
现在我要按一下操纵杆，机器就开动了。
①Jack
pressed
a
button
and
the
door
closed.
杰克按了一个按钮，门就关上了。
[归纳拓展]
(1)press...against
使……贴着……
press
down
把……按下去
press
sth.
on
sb.
把(想法等)强加于……
press
sb.
for
sth./to
do
sth.
催促某人(做)某事
(2)pressure
n.
压力；压迫
put
pressure
on
给……施压
under
pressure/stress
面临压力；受到压力
[名师点津]
(1)press表示“新闻界、报界”时，其前通常要用定冠词；用作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。
(2)表示按开关或按电钮时，press与push用法相同，常可互换。但是注意，两者习惯上均不能用于按铃，此时要用动词ring。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②With
one
problem
pressing
on
his
mind,
he
felt
stressed
(stress)．
③You
need
to
be
able
to
work
accurately
under
pressure.
④She
pressed
her
guests
to_stay
a
little
longer.
她力劝客人们多待一会儿。
[熟词生义]
The
press
was
not
allowed
to
attend
the
trail.
(n.新闻界，出版社)
2
[教材原句]A
faint
blue
light
shot
across
it，darkening
to
purple,
and
presently
she
could
see
the
image
of
her
son,
who
lived
on
the
other
side
of
the
earth，and
he
could
see
her.(P25)
一道微弱的蓝光射过它，暗到紫色，不一会儿她就看见了她儿子的影像，他住在地球的另一边，而且他也看见了她。
①He
shot
at
a
bear,
but
he
didn't
shoot
it.
他向一只熊射击，但没有射中。
[归纳拓展]
shoot
at
朝……射击(只表动作，不表结果)
[名师点津]
shoot的过去式、过去分词都是shot。
shoot
侧重用枪把某人打死或打伤，强调结果
shoot
at
指用枪朝某人或某物射击，强调动作过程(未必击中)
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②He
was
shot
(shoot)
in
the
back
while
trying
to
escape.
③He
shot
at
the
bird
with
his
gun
but
missed
it.
④The
teacher
told
the
naughty
boys
not
to_shoot
(shoot)
the
birds
on
the
tree.
[熟词生义]
They
are
shooting
the
last
scene
now.
(v.拍摄)
3
[教材原句]For
example，advances
in
virtual
reality
and
wearable
tech,
as
well
as
the
flexible
battery，mean
we
should
soon
be
seeing
further
developments.(P26)
例如，虚拟现实、穿戴式技术以及弹性电池的进步都意味着不久后我们就能看到更进一步的发展。
①Our
new
computer
software
is
extremely
flexible.
我们新的电脑软件很灵活。
[归纳拓展]
inflexible
adj.
不灵活的
flexibility
n.
灵活性
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②These
exercises
are
to
develop
the
flexibility
(flexible)
of
dancers'
bodies.
③The
age
limit
for
students
can
be
handled
flexibly
(flexible)．
4
[教材原句]It
is
capable
of
using
GPS
technology
to
travel
to
different
places,
with
computing
technology
controlling
its
“legs”．(P27)
它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，计算机技术控制它的“腿”。
①You
are
capable
of
better
work
than
this.
你有能力做得比这更好。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be
capable
of...
有能力……
incapable
adj.无能力的；不能干的
(2)capacity
n.
容量；能力
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②I'm
perfectly
capable
of
doing
it
myself.
③The
fuel
tank
has
a
capacity
(capable)
of
40
litres.
5
[教材原句]So
what
is
it
that
inspires
us
to
invent
things？(P27)
那么，是什么激励我们发明东西呢？
①He
tried
to
inspire
them
to
greater
efforts.
他力图鼓励他们做出更大的努力。
[归纳拓展]
(1)inspire
sb.
to
(do)
sth.
激励某人(做)某事
inspire
sb.
with
sth.
用某物鼓舞某人
(2)inspiring
adj.
鼓舞人心的；激励的
(3)inspired
adj.
受到鼓舞/启发的
(4)inspiration
n.
灵感
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②The
beauty
of
the
West
Lake
inspired
a
lot
of
poets
to_write
(write)
their
great
poetry.
③His
journey
to
South
America
was
a
source
of
fresh
ideas
and
inspiration
(inspire)．
④The
news
is
inspiring
(inspire)．
6
[教材原句]But
what
remains
important
is
that
we
have
an
incredible
desire
to
think
and
create,
and
that's
the
real
spirit
of
invention.(P27)
但仍然重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。
①I
am
inspired
by
her
courage
and
strong
desire
to
succeed.
她的勇气和对成功强烈的渴望激励着我。
[归纳拓展]
(1)have
a
strong
desire
have
no
desire
to
do
sth.不想做某事
(2)desire
to
do
sth.渴望做某事
desire
sb.to
do
sth.想要某人做某事
desire
that...(should)
do
sth.
渴望……做某事
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②We
always
desire
to_live
(live)
in
peace
with
all
the
other
countries
in
the
world.
③We
desire
that
immediate
help
(should)_be_given
(give)
to
the
local
villagers
who
have
been
trapped
by
the
flood.
④
She
has
a
strong
desire
for
knowledge
and
wants
to
go
to
college
very
much.
1
[教材原句]In
addition,
important
advances
have
been
made
in
medicine
and
environmental
science
thanks
to
increasing
computer
power.(P27)
此外，由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。
①I
like
apples.
In
addition,
I
also
like
bananas.
我喜欢苹果。另外，我也喜欢香蕉。
[归纳拓展]
(1)in
addition
是副词短语，常放在句首，也可放在句中、句尾，常用逗号隔开。
as
well＝besides＝in
addition
除此之外(用作副词)
(2)in
addition
to...
除……之外，复合介词，后接名词或动名词
in
addition
to...＝besides＝as
well
as＝apart
from
除……之外
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②In_addition_to
these
arrangements,
extra
ambulances
will
be
on
duty
until
midnight.
除了这些安排以外，另增救护车值班至午夜。
③In_addition,_the
Internet
makes
surveying
and
voting
easy
and
convenient,
regardless
of
time
and
space.
此外，互联网使调查和投票变得容易而且方便，不管时间和空间如何。
2
[教材原句]In
addition,
important
advances
have
been
made
in
medicine
and
environmental
science
thanks
to
increasing
computer
power.(P27)
此外，由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。
①Thanks
to
the
government's
help，the
problem
was
finally
solved.
在政府的帮助下，这个问题终于解决了。
[归纳拓展]
表示“因为；由于”的短语还有：
because
of,
owing
to,
due
to,
on
account
of,
result
from,
as
a
result
of,
for
one's
sake,
for
the
sake
of
sb.等
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②Thanks
to
technology,
more
music
is
available
to
more
people
than
at
any
time
in
history.
③I
missed
the
bus
due
to
the
traffic
jam.
④As
a
result
of
the
bad
weather,
the
football
match
was
put
off.
3
[教材原句]In
terms
of
the
environment，it
is
now
possible
to
create
an
intelligent
walking
house.(P27)
在环境方面，现在有可能创造一个智能步行屋。
①In
terms
of
health,
keeping
a
balanced
diet
is
necessary.
就健康而言，保持平衡饮食是必要的。
[归纳拓展]
in
the
long/short
term
就长远/短期而言
be
on
good/bad
terms
with
sb.
与某人交情好/不好
come
to
terms
(with
sb.)
(与某人)达成协议；和好
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②It
is
widely
acknowledged
that
students
should
be
evaluated
in_terms_of
overall
quality.
普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。
③All
of
my
classmates
are
on_good_terms_with
each
other.
我的同学们相互之间的关系都很好。
④What
they
have
done
is
good
for
the
environment
in_the_long_term.
从长远来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。
4
[教材原句]Now,
reduced
energy
supplies
and
environmental
pollution
have
led
to
more
advances
in
the
technology
of
new
energy
vehicles.(P27)
现在，能源供应的减少和环境污染已经导致新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。
①As
we
all
know,
all
roads
lead
to
Rome.
众所周知，条条大路通罗马。
[归纳拓展]
lead
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人做某事
lead
a．..life
过着……的生活
lead
the
way
带路
lead
sb.
by
the
nose
牵着某人的鼻子走
in
the
lead
领先；处于首位
take
the
lead
带头；领先
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②I
want
to
know
what
led
you
to_take
(take)
up
acting
as
a
career.
③The
discovery
of
new
evidence
led
to
the
thief's
being_caught
(catch)．
④As
is
known
to
us
all,
success
lies
in
hard
work
while
laziness
leads_to
failure.
众所周知，成功源于勤奋，而失败源于懒惰。
⑤He
always
takes_the_lead
in
response
to
the
government's
call.
他总是带头响应政府的号召。
5
[教材原句]Today,
most
inventors
prefer
working
by
themselves.(P28)
如今，大多数发明家都喜欢独自工作。
①The
little
boy
went
out
by
himself.
那个小男孩独自一人出去了。
[归纳拓展]
“介词＋oneself”短语归纳：
in
oneself
本来，本身
for
oneself
为自己；亲自
to
oneself
独自占有或享用
beside
oneself
(with
sth.)(因……而)忘我/发狂
[即时巩固]
完成句子
②Modern
technology
is
not
dangerous
in_itself.
现代科技本身并不危险。
③When
I
dine
in
a
restaurant,
I
like
a
table
to_myself.
我在饭馆吃饭时喜欢一个人占一张桌子。
④He
paid
a
visit
to
his
teacher
for_himself
yesterday.
昨天他亲自去拜访了他的老师。
And
now，
we
find
ourselves
in
the
great
new
age
of
technology.?P26?
现在，我们发现自己身处伟大的科技新时代。
[句式分析]
句中“find
oneself＋宾补”结构，指突然发觉自己处于某种处境或在做某事。其宾补常由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词或过去分词充当。
①Towards
nightfall
I
found
myself
carried
out
to
sea
by
a
strong
wind.
傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。
[归纳拓展]
(1)find的复合宾语结构：
find＋宾语＋
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to
do(it是形式宾语，to
do是真正的宾语)
(3)可用于这种结构的动词还有see，hear，watch，notice等
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②Dick
found
himself
walking
(walk)
in
the
direction
of
Mike's
house.
③I
found
myself
surrounded
(surround)
by
a
group
of
children
full
of
curiosity.
④Helen
found
the
poem
difficult
to_understand
(understand)．
It
is
capable
of
using
GPS
technology
to
travel
to
different
places，
with
computing
technology
controlling
its
“legs”.?P27?
它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，计算机技术控制它的“腿”。
[句式分析]
句中with
computing
technology
controlling
its
“legs”属于“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。该结构常作原因、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。
①With
winter
coming
on,
it's
time
to
buy
warm
clothes.
冬天来了，该买暖衣了。
[归纳拓展]
with
的复合结构可细化为以下几个情景：
(1)with＋名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语
(2)with＋宾语＋to
do。不定式和宾语之间是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作
(3)with＋宾语＋done。过去分词和宾语之间是被动关系，表示动作已经完成
(4)with＋宾语＋doing。宾语和动词?ing之间是主动关系，动词?ing所表示的动作和主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②With
our
incomes
increasing,
more
and
more
of
us
have
private
cars.
③With
everything
he
needed
bought
(buy),
he
left
the
store.
④With
so
many
people
communicating
(communicate)
in
English
every
day,
it
will
become
more
and
more
important
to
have
a
good
knowledge
of
English.
⑤I
can't
go
out
with
all
these
clothes
to_wash
(wash)．
So
what
is
it
that
inspires
us
to
invent
things？(P27)
那么，是什么激励我们发明东西呢？
[句式分析]
该句中的“what
is
it
that...”是强调句型中的特殊疑问句式。
①Where
was
it
that
you
met
your
parents?
你是在什么地方遇到了你父母？
[归纳拓展]
强调句的用法：
(1)It
was/is＋被强调部分＋that...
构成强调句的陈述句形式
(2)强调句的疑问句形式。强调句变为一般疑问句时，直接将is/was
置于句首。简略的答语为：“Yes,
it
is/was.”或“No,
it
isn't/wasn't.”
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...
(4)强调“not...until”引导的时间状语时，要用“It
is/was
not
until...that...”结构，that
后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②It
was
because
of
bad
weather
that
the
football
match
must
be
put
off.
③It
was
in
the
beautiful
park
which
was
located
by
the
sea
that
we
first
met
our
new
Chinese
teacher.
④Why
was
it
that
the
football
match
must
be
put
off?
⑤It
was
not
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses
that
I
realized
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He
pressed
(按)
the
button
to
open
the
machine.
2．He
shot
(射击)
at
a
bird，but
he
missed
it.
3．Open
cover
is
an
even
more
flexible
(灵活的)
type
of
insurance.
4．It's
surprising
that
he
has
no
desire
(渴望)
for
wealth.
5．Napoleon
was
one
of
the
most
capable
(有能力的)
generals
in
history.
6．Up
to
four
players
can
compete
in
a
virtual
(虚拟的)
world
of
role
playing.
Ⅱ.选词填空
to
start
with；
as
well
as；
work
as；
in
terms
of；
lead
to；
thanks
to
1．Thanks_to
his
effort,
it
is
more
successful
than
we
have
expected.
2．Too
much
work
and
too
little
rest
often
lead_to
illness.
3．The
job
is
great
in_terms_of
salary,
but
it
has
its
disadvantages.
4．When
he
was
30,
back
in
1953,
he
was
working_as
a
research
assistant
in
the
university.
5．To_start_with,_we
don't
have
money
at
present,
and
secondly,
we
don't
have
enough
time.
6．Tom,
as_well_as
his
parents,
likes
playing
the
guitar.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Their
desire
was
that
a
treaty
(should)be_signed
(sign)
at
once.
他们的要求是马上签订条约。
2．Thanks_to
your
help,
otherwise
I
would_not_have_completed
the
task
on
time.
多亏了你的帮助，否则我不能按时完成任务。
3．When
she
came
to
life,
she
found_herself_surrounded
by
many
people.
当她苏醒过来时，她发现自己被许多人包围了。
4．With_prices_going_up
so
fast,
we
can't
afford
luxuries.
物价上涨太快，我们买不起奢侈品。
5．Where_is_it_that
we
will
have
our
picnic?
我们到底要在哪里野餐？
PAGEUnit
3
The
world
of
science
第二课时 Using
language
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．passive
adj.
被动的；消极的→active
(反义词)
adj.
主动的；积极的
2．beyond
prep.
无法……
3．instance
n．例子；实例
4．significant
adj.
重要的→significance
n.
意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
5．injure
vt.
损害；伤害→injured
adj.
受伤的→injury
n.
伤口；受伤处
6．chemist
n.
化学家→chemical
n.
化学药品→chemistry
n.
化学
7．biologist
n.
生物学家→biology
n.
生物学
8．accurate
adj.
精确的，正确的→accuracy
n.
正确，准确
9．minor
adj.
小的；次要的→minority
n.
少数民族；极少数→majority
n.
多数
10．origin
n.
起源→
original
adj.
原先的；最初的→originally
adv.
原先地；最初地
11．extraordinary
adj.
出色的；非凡的→ordinary
adj.
平常的；普通的
12．brilliant
adj.
聪颖的；才华横溢的
13．theory
n.
学说；理论
14．mental
adj.
精神的；智力的→mentally
adv.
精神上；智力上→physical
(反义词)
adj.
身体的；肉体的
15．cure
n.
治愈；痊愈
vt.
治愈；治疗→treat
(近义词)
vt.
治疗
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．无法辨认
beyond_recognition
2．例如
for_instance
3．以……命名
be_named_after
4．因……而闻名
be_known_for
5．因为；由于
due_to
6.
be
regarded
as
被视作
7．live
with
忍受
8．the
number
of
……的数量
9．a
cure
for
……的疗法
10．end
with
以……结束
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．He
also
developed
a
calendar
which
is
as_accurate_as
the
Gregorian
calendar.(P30)
他还发明了一种和公历一样精确的历法。
2．It
is
recognised
as
the
most
common
mental
disease
among
older
people，and
the
number
of
sufferers
is
growing.(P31)
它被认为是老年人中最常见的精神疾病，患者人数也在不断增加。
Ⅳ.语法初探——单句语法填空
1．Shakespeare's
play
Hamlet
has_been_made
(make)
into
at
least
ten
different
films
over
the
past
years.
2．Despite
the
previous
rounds
of
talks,
no
agreement
has_been_reached
(reach)
so
far
by
the
two
sides.
3．In
the
past
ten
years,
a
lot
of
trees
have_been_planted
(plant)
on
the
hills
in
my
hometown.
4．—Where
did
you
get
the
breaking
news?
—It
has_been_published
(publish)
in
the
newspapers.
5．Tom's
novel
has_not_been_published
(not
publish)
yet.
1
[教材原句]But
perhaps
the
most
significant
success
that
people
have
achieved
to
date
is
in
medicine.(P29)
但也许迄今为止人们取得的最重大的成功是在医学上。
[归纳拓展]
(1)significance
n.
意义；意思；重大意义；重要性
be
of
great
significance
非常重要
(2)significantly
adv.
有重大意义地；显著地；意味深长地
[名师点津]
常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：
be
of
significance＝be
significant
be
of
importance＝be
important
be
of
value＝be
valuable
be
of
help＝be
helpful
be
of
use＝be
useful
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①This
new
measure
is
of
great
significance
in
terms
of
protection.
②It
is
significant
(significance)
to
take
steps
to
stop
the
river
from
being
polluted.
③I
firmly
believe
that
the
more
we
are
aware
of
the
significance
(significant)
of
this
famous
saying,
the
more
benefits
we
will
get
in
our
daily
study
and
job.
2
[教材原句]And
it
is
not
just
humans
who
are
benefiting—in
Brazil，people
have
given
a
new
3D?printed
shell
to
a
turtle
injured
in
a
forest
fire！(P29)
受益的不仅仅是人类，在巴西人们还给一只在森林大火中受伤的海龟一个新的3D打印外壳！
①He
injured
his
knee
while
playing
hockey.
他打曲棍球时膝盖受伤了。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be/get
injured
受伤
(2)injured
adj.
受伤的；受委屈的
the
injured
伤者；伤员
(3)injury
n.
伤害；损伤；受伤处
do
sb.
an
injury/do
an
injury
to
sb.
伤害某人
[易混辨析]
wound
指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，特指在战场上或打斗中受伤
harm
作及物动词时，表示“对……有害/损害”，特指伤及一个人或其心情、健康、权利、事业等。另外它也是不可数名词，意为“损害，伤害”，常构成固定短语“do/cause
harm
to”
(续表)
hurt
为一般用语，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，还可表示在事故中受伤。其名词为hurt，尤指感情上或肉体上的伤痛。作不及物动词时，表示“疼痛”
injure
主要指在事故中受伤。其名词是injury，可指平时的大小创伤或伤害。injured
不仅是injure
的过去式和过去分词，也是形容词，表示“受伤的”
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②Dozens
of
people
have_been_injured
(injure)
and
many
vehicles
set
on
fire.
③The
injured
(injure)
were
rushed
to
hospital
in
an
ambulance.
④If
you
carry
on
playing
with
that
knife,
you'll
do_yourself_an_injury.
你再摆弄那把刀子，准会伤着自己。
3
[教材原句]Look
at
the
pictures
and
tell
the
police
about
the
damage
and
loss
to
your
lab.(P29)
看看照片，告诉警察你实验室的损坏和损失。
①The
loss
of
his
new
watch
made
him
upset.
丢了新手表让他很难过。
[归纳拓展]
(1)make
up
for
the
loss
弥补损失
at
a
loss
不知所措；困惑
suffer
a
loss
(of)
蒙受(……的)损失
(2)be
lost
in
全神贯注；沉浸于
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②Lost
(lose)
in
thought,
he
didn't
know
his
classmates
had
left
the
classroom.
③For
a
moment,
Tom
was
at
a
loss
how
to
respond
to
her
question.
④He
was
determined
to
try
his
best
to
make
up
for
the
loss
(lose)．
4
[教材原句]His
ideas
deeply
influence
our
understanding
of
the
relationship
between
humans
and
nature.(P30)
他的思想深刻地影响了我们对人与自然关系的理解。
①His
writings
have
influenced
the
lives
of
millions.
他的作品影响了数百万人的生活。
[归纳拓展]
(1)influence
sb.
to
do
sth.
影响某人去做某事
(2)under
the
influence
of...
受……的影响
have
(an)
influence
on/upon
对……有影响
(3)influential
adj.
有影响(力)的
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②Those
friends
have
a
bad
influence
on
her.
③She
is
one
of
the
most
influential
(influence)
figures
in
local
politics.
④Watching
TV
for
a
long
time
has_a_bad_influence_on/upon
the
students.
长时间看电视对学生有不好的影响。
⑤Influenced_by/Under_the_influence_of
a
high
school
biology
teacher,
he
took
up
the
study
of
medicine.
在一位中学生物老师的影响下，他从事了医学研究。
5
[教材原句]He
did
field
research
across
China
and
studied
more
than
a
thousand
rivers
and
streams，along
with
the
landscape，history
and
culture
of
the
surrounding
areas.(P30)
他在中国各地进行实地考察，研究了一千多条河流和溪流，以及周边地区的景观、历史和文化。
[归纳拓展]
(1)surround
vt.包围；围绕
be
surrounded
by/with...
被……环绕、包围；周围都是……
surround...with...
用……把……包围/围住
(2)the
surrounding
scenery
周围的风景
surroundings
n.
环境
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①The
surrounding
(surround)
villages
have
been
absorbed
by
the
growing
city.
②Some
insects
take
on
the
color
of
their
surroundings
(surround)
to
protect
themselves.
③He
tried
to
run
away
but
gave
up
when
he
found
himself
surrounded
(surround)
by
the
policemen.
[教材原句]It
is
recognised
as
the
most
common
mental
disease
among
older
people,
and
the
number
of
sufferers
is
growing.(P31)
它被认为是老年人中最常见的精神疾病，患者人数也在不断增加。
①I
recognized
him
as
soon
as
he
came
in
the
room.
他一进屋我就认出了他。
[归纳拓展]
(1)recognise
sb./one's
voice
认出某人(听出某人的声音)
recognise...as/to
be...
承认/认出……是……
be
universally
recognised
as...
被公认为/承认是……
It
is
recognised
that...
人们意识到……
(2)recognition
n.
认出；认识
out
of/beyond
recognition
认不出来
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②Everyone
here
recognised
me
as
one
of
their
members.
③I
haven't
seen
her
since
she
was
a
little
girl,
and
she
has
changed
out
of/beyond
recognition
(recognize)
now.
④It_is_recognized_that
the
globe
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer.
人们意识到地球正变得越来越暖和。
7
[教材原句]Currently,
there's
no
cure
for
Alzheimer's,
but
scientists
are
researching
ways
to
improve
the
quality
of
life
for
people
living
with
the
disease.(P31)
目前，阿尔茨海默症还没有治愈的方法，但是科学家们正在研究改善阿尔茨海默症患者生活质量的方法。
[归纳拓展]
(1)a
cure
for...针对……的治疗(法)
(2)cure
sb./a
disease
治疗好某人/治疗(治愈)
某种疾病
cure
sb.of
a
disease/bad
habit
治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习
[名师点津]
(1)treat
sb.to...意为“招待某人吃……；请某人吃饭”。
(2)treat
sb.for...意为“为某人医治……”。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①There
is
still
no
cure
for
a
cold.
②This
will
cure
him
of
his
bad
habit.
③Friendship
is
a_cure_for
any
injury
in
life.
友谊是一种良药，能治疗生活中的种种伤痛。
1
[教材原句]But
perhaps
the
most
significant
success
that
people
have
achieved
to
date
is
in
medicine.(P29)
但也许迄今为止人们取得的最重大的成功是在医学上。
①To
date
there
has
been
no
improvement
in
his
condition.
到现在为止，他的状况还是没有好转。
[归纳拓展]
(1)date
back
to＝date
from
追溯到；始于
(2)up
to
date
时髦的
out
of
date
过时的
set
a
date
for
确定……的日期
[名师点津]
(1)date
back
to/date
from
一般无进行时态，无被动语态。
(2)当谈论现在的某一物品时，虽然该物品生产于过去某一时间，但时态用现在时态。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②The
old
town
dates
(date)
back
to
the
late
seventeenth
century.
③The
news
you
told
me
was
out_of_date
but
you
thought
it
was
up_to_date.
你告诉我的新闻是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。
④As
far
as
I
know,
they
have_set_the_date_for
the
wedding.
据我所知，他们已经确定了婚礼的日期。
2
[教材原句]A
mountain
on
the
Moon
and
a
minor
planet
are
named
after
him.(P30)
月球上的一座山和一颗小行星是以他的名字命名的。
①This
school
was
named
after
his
grandfather.
这所学校是以他爷爷的名字命名的。
[归纳拓展]
by
name
用……的名字，凭名字
in
the
name
of
以……的名义
by
the
name
of
名叫……的；以……为名
under
the
name
of
用……的名字(不用自己的真名)
name
sb.(for/as/to
be)
任命
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②Being
a
huge
basketball
fan，he
wanted
to
name
his
son
after
Jordan.
③She
is
a
British
athlete
by_the_name_of
Tanni
Grey
Thompson.
她是一名英国运动员，名叫坦妮·格雷·汤普森。
④I
arrest
you
in_the_name_of
the
law.
我依法逮捕你。
3
[教材原句]Charles
Darwin
(1809—1882)
is
best
known
for
his
work
On
the
Origin
of
Species，in
which
he
explains
changes
in
species
due
to
natural
selection.(P30)
查尔斯·达尔文(1809—1882)因其著作《物种起源》而闻名，他在书中解释了自然选择导致的物种变化。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be
known
as
作为……而出名
be
known
to
为……熟知
know
about
了解；知道……的情况
as
far
as
I
know
据我所知
(2)It
is
well
known
that...
众所周知……
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Because
his
book
won
a
prize,
he
became
known
as
a
famous
writer
overnight.
②The
Great
Wall
is_known_for
its
long
history
and
its
magnificence.
长城因它漫长的历史和雄伟而出名。
③It_is_known_to_us_all_that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
4
[教材原句]Charles
Darwin
(1809—1882)
is
best
known
for
his
work
On
the
Origin
of
Species，in
which
he
explains
changes
in
species
due
to
natural
selection.(P30)
查尔斯·达尔文(1809—1882)因其著作《物种起源》而闻名，他在书中解释了自然选择导致的物种变化。
①I
think
my
long
and
active
life
must
be
due
to
the
healthy
life
I
live.
我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
[归纳拓展]
due
adj.
欠款的；预定的；到期的
be
due
to
do/for
sth.
预定/计划(做)某事
(be)
due
to
sb.
应支付/给予/归于某人
(be)
due
to
sth.
由于；因为
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②We
owe
our
success
to
the
efforts
of
Mr
Mark,
who
is
due
to_arrive
(arrive)
here
in
ten
minutes.
③Any
money
that
is
due
to
you
will
be
paid
before
the
end
of
the
month.
④The
town
was
cut
off
from
the
rest
of
the
world
due_to
heavy
snow.
由于大雪，小镇被切断了与世界其他地区的联系。
He
also
developed
a
calendar
which
is
as
accurate
as
the
Gregorian
calendar.?P30?
他还发明了一种和公历一样精确的历法。
[句式分析]
as...as...
像……一样；正如。
[归纳拓展]
(1)结构特点：第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级；第二个as可为连词，引导状语从句；也可是介词，其后加名词或代词；
(2)否定式：not
as/so...as...不如；
(3)表达倍数关系句型时则表达为：some
times
as...as...(两倍用twice
或
double)；
(4)当as...as
中间有名词时，应采用以下格式：
as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as或as＋many/much＋n.＋as
[名师点津]
在as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...结构中形容词放在不定冠词a/an之前，同样的结构还有：
①so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that...
②too＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋to...
③How＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋主语＋谓语！
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Obviously,
the
boy
doesn't
work
as_hard_as
many
of
his
classmates.
显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那么刻苦。
②Interest
is
as
vital
to
learning
as
the
ability
to
understand,
even
more
so.
兴趣对于学习来说，如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。
③Tom
is
as_friendly_a_boy_as
the
one
you
just
mentioned.
汤姆就是一个像你刚才提到的那个人一样友好的男孩。
It
is
recognised
as
the
most
common
mental
disease
among
older
people，and
the
number
of
sufferers
is
growing.?P31?
它被认为是老年人中最常见的精神疾病，患者人数也在不断增加。
[句式分析]
the
number
of＋名词 “……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
①Today
the
number
of
people
learning
English
in
China
is
increasing
rapidly.
如今中国学英语的人数正在迅猛增长。
[归纳拓展]
(1)a
(large/small/certain)number
of/(large/small/certain)
numbers
of＋名词复数 大量的/少量的/一定量的……(作主语时谓语动词用复数形式)
(2)the
number
of＋名词 ……的数量(作主语时谓语动词用单数形式)
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②A
number
of
students
are_planting
(plant)
trees
on
the
hill
now.
③The
number
of
students
in
our
class
is
(be)
50.
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作持续到现在或对现在造成的影响或结果。
一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成
have/has＋been＋及物动词的过去分词
二、现在完成时的被动语态的形式
1．肯定式：主语＋have/has＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。
The
door
has
already
been
locked.
门早已经被锁上了。
2．否定式：主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。
The
children
haven't
been
told
the
good
news
yet.
孩子们还没有被告知这个好消息。
3．一般疑问式：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。
Has
his
new
novel
been
translated
into
English
yet?
他的新小说被译成英语了吗？
4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。
How
long
has
the
house
been
built?
这所房子建了多久了？
三、现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法
1．表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果，着重指现在的情况。当动词为短暂性动词时，可与already或yet连用，但不能与for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用。
The
work
has
already
been
completed.
这项工作已完成。
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How
long...？句型中。
My
car
has
been
repaired
for
two
days.
我的车已被修理了两天。
The
house
has
been
painted
since
the
family
moved
out.
自从这一家人搬出去，这所房子已被粉刷。
3．用在时间或条件等状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You
can
go
home
as
soon
as
your
task
has
been
finished.
你的任务一完成就可以回家。
[名师点津]
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：
already
已经
yet
已经
recently/lately
最近
since
then从那时起
ever
since
自那以来
ever
曾经
so
far
迄今为止
for
a
long
time
很长一段时间
by
now
到现在为止
in
recent
years
在最近几年里
in/during/over
the
past/last
years
在过去的几年里
四、应注意的问题
1．注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即have/has和been，两者缺一不可。
2．注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系。
This
novel
was
finished
last
year.
这部小说是去年完成的。
This
novel
has
been
finished.
这部小说已经完成了。
3．非延续性动词在现在完成时的被动语态中的运用。
非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，但可与already或yet连用。
[误]How
long
has
this
book
been
bought?
[正]How
long
ago
was
this
book
bought?
但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有连续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间状语连用。如：
No
books
have
been
bought
since
last
week.
自上周以来，没有人来买过书。
4．动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。
The
orphan
has
been
looked
after
by
his
neighbours.
这个孤儿一直由邻居们照顾。
The
problem
has
been
paid
enough
attention
to.
这个问题已经被给予了足够的重视。
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将直接宾语或间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
The
company
has
given
him
a
chance
to
work
abroad
recently.
→He
has
been
given
a
chance
to
work
abroad
recently(by
the
company)．
→A
chance
to
work
abroad
has
been
given
to
him
recently
(by
the
company)．
[即时巩固]
Ⅰ.用所给词或短语的适当形式填空
1．Great
changes
have_taken_place
(take
place)
in
my
village
since
2012.
2．More
patients
have_been_treated
(treat)
in
hospital
this
year
than
last
year.
3．Has
the
photo
been_developed
(develop)
yet?
If
not，you'd
better
get
it
ready
as
soon
as
possible.
4．—Are
you
going
to
the
party?
—No，I
haven't_been_invited
(not
invite)
yet.
5．More
than
a
dozen
students
in
that
school
were_sent
(send)
to
study
medicine
last
year.
6．More
than
5,000
used
bikes
have_been_collected
(collect)
since
the
two
brothers
set
up
the
organisation.
7．Every
possible
means
has_been_tried
(try)
to
stop
the
bad
behavior,
but
they
don't
work
at
all.
8．Over
the
past
ten
years，this
town
has_been_hit
(hit)
twice
by
earthquakes.
9．—Will
the
lecture
be
held
at
4
o'clock
this
afternoon?
—No.
It
has_been_put_off
(put
off)
till
tomorrow
afternoon.
10．—What
happened
to
the
postman?
—I
don't
know.
He
hasn't_been_seen
(not
see)around
here
for
a
long
time.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I'm
sorry，but
the
letters
haven't_been_typed
yet.
很抱歉，这些信件还没有被录入。
2．The
plan
has_been_discussed
for
nearly
two
hours.
这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。
3．She
hasn't_been_heard_from
since
then.
从那时候起，她就没来过信。
4．I
will
go
home
when
my_homework_has_been_finished.
当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．More
than
100,000
people
died
per
year
because
of
passive
(被动的)
smoking.
2．As
a
matter
of
fact,
illness
and
age
changed
him
beyond
(无法……)
recognition.
3．They
made
a
significant
(重要的)
breakthrough
in
negotiations.
4．The
boy
injured
(使受伤)
his
leg
while
riding
a
bike.
5．The
figures
they
have
used
are
just
not
accurate
(精确的)．
6．The
holiday
may
date
back
to
the
14th
century,
but
its
exact
origin
(起源)
is
unknown.
7．Many
species
(物种)
are
dying
out
because
of
our
destruction
of
their
natural
habitat.
8．Einstein
is
a
brilliant
(才华横溢的)
man
but
he
was
ahead
of
his
time
and
his
theories
were
rejected
by
people
at
that
time.
Ⅱ.选词填空
end
with；
due
to；
be
known
for；
name
after；
be
regarded
as；
beyond
recognition
1．The
town
has
changed
beyond_recognition
since
I
was
last
here.
2．Even
to
this
day,
Lincoln
is_regarded_as
one
of
the
most
inspiring
figures
in
the
world.
3．Those
buildings
are
now
named_after
our
university.
4．Shanxi
food
is
also
known_for
its
liberal
use
of
vinegar.
5．All
the
flights
were
delayed
due_to
bad
weather.
6．At
the
dinner
we
usually
begin
with
soup
and
end_with
fruit.
Ⅲ.语法练习——用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
1．Jack's
boss
has
always
praised
him
for
his
devotion
to
work.
→Jack
has_always_been_praised
by
his
boss
for
his
devotion
to
work.
2．They
have
found
a
good
place
to
build
a
temple
in
the
village.
→A
good
place
has_been_found
by
them
to
build
a
temple
in
the
village.
3．We
haven't
yet
decided
how
to
solve
that
difficult
technological
problem.
→How
to
solve
that
difficult
technological
problem
hasn't_been_decided
by
us
yet.
4．I
have
asked
her
to
help
you.
→She
has_been_asked
by
me
to
help
you.
5．We
have
planted
many
trees
on
the
hill
in
the
last
5
years.
→Many
trees
have_been_planted
by
us
on
the
hill
in
the
last
5
years.
PAGEUnit
3
The
world
of
science
第三课时 Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．draft
v.
起草；草拟
2．declaration
n.
宣告；声明→declare
vt.
宣布；声明；表明；宣称
3．experiment
n.
实验→experimental
adj.
实验的
4．fiction
n.
虚构的事；想象出来的事
5．metal
n.
金属
6．attach
vt.&
vi.
系上；缚上；贴；附加→attached
adj.
依恋的；附属的→attachment
n.
附件；信念；爱慕
7．flash
n.
闪光
8．conduct
v.
指挥；管理；主持；传导(热、电)
n.
行为；品行→conductor
n.
指挥；公共汽车售票员
9．scientific
adj.
科学的→science
n.
科学→scientist
n.
科学家
10．entirely
adv.
完全地；彻底地→entire
adj.
整个的；完全的；全部的
11．gravity
n.
重力，地心引力
12．account
n.
说明；描述；计算；账目
vi.&
vt.
认为；说明；总计有→accountant
n.
会计师；会计
13．proof
n.
证据；证明→prove
v.
证明是；被发现是
14．procedure
n.
程序
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．除了
apart_from
2．作为……而闻名
be_known_as
3．集中注意力于
focus_on
4．把……绑到……
attach...to...
5．fly
a
kite
放风筝
6．be
amazed
by
惊异于
7．an
approach
to
一种……的方法
8．contribute
to
对……有贡献
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．He
raised
the
kite
with
a
piece
of
string
tied
to
it.(P32)
他把系着一根绳子的风筝升高。
2．Franklin,
along
with
many
other
scientists,
has_inspired
us
and
taught
us
that
scientific
experiments
are
important
in_order_to
establish
the
truth
and
to
contribute
towards
later
scientific
discoveries
and
inventions.(P32)
富兰克林和许多其他科学家一样，给了我们灵感，并告诉我们，科学实验对于确立真理以及为以后的科学发现和发明做出贡献是重要的。
3．However,
neither
the
story
nor
the
details
of
the
experiment
are
entirely
true.
(P33)
然而，故事和实验的细节都不完全正确。
4．But
scientists
all
agree
that
if
Franklin
had
actually
touched
the
key,
he
would
certainly
have
died
from
the
electric
shock.
(P33)
但科学家们都同意，如果富兰克林真的碰了钥匙，他肯定会死于电击。
5．In
fact,
more
than
one
account
suggests
that
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple,
there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head.(P33)
事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿的灵感来自一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。
Ⅳ.语篇理解
StepⅠ.Read
the
text
on
Page
32—33
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．Franklin
did
the
experiment
with
lightning
in
order
to
________.
A．have
fun
B．prove
that
lightning
is
a
form
of
electricity
C．fly
a
kite
D．to
prove
that
he
was
brave
答案：B
2．What's
people's
attitude
towards
Franklin's
experiment?
A．Doubtful.
B．Believable.
C．Indifferent.
D．Negative.
答案：B
3．Why
do
scientists
often
question
accepted
ideas?
A．Because
they
think
they
are
cleverer
than
others.
B．Because
accepted
ideas
are
often
wrong.
C．Because
they
only
believe
in
themselves.
D．Because
they
want
to
establish
the
facts.
答案：D
4．According
to
the
text，which
statement
is
true?
A．Actually
Franklin
didn't
touch
the
key
at
all.
B．Franklin
died
from
the
experiment.
C．All
the
scientists
believed
the
story
of
the
experiment.
D．Only
one
scientist
had
some
doubt
about
the
story.
答案：A
5．What's
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A．Tell
us
a
funny
story.
B．Tell
us
a
story
of
a
great
scientist.
C．Tell
us
that
we
shouldn't
always
believe
everything
we
read
or
hear.
D．Tell
us
lightning
is
really
produced
by
electricity.
答案：C
StepⅡ.Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
There
is
a
well?known
story
about
Benjamin
Franklin
__1__
has
introduced
generations
of
children
to
science.
__2__
new
research
suggests
that
the
story
may
be
fiction
instead
of
fact.
__3__
(prove)
if
lightning
was
produced
by
electricity,
Franklin
raised
a
kite
with
a
piece
of
string
__4__
(tie)
to
it.
A
metal
key
__5__
(attach)
to
it.
When
a
flash
of
lightning
hit
the
kite,
Franklin
then
touched
the
key
and
got
__6__
electric
shock.
This
proved
that
lightning
was
a
form
of
electricity.
For
many
years,
__7__
(generation)
of
schoolchildren
have
been
amazed
by
Franklin's
bravery
and
scientific
approach
__8__
looking
for
the
truth.
However,
more
than
one
scientist
has
questioned
__9__
really
happened.
They
all
agree
that
if
Franklin
had
actually
touched
the
key，he
would
__10__
(certain)
have
died
from
the
electric
shock.So
we
shouldn't
always
believe
everything
we
read
or
hear—even
if
it
is
a
great
story.
1．which 2.However 3.To_prove 4.tied 5.was_attached
6．an 7.generations 8.to 9.what 10.certainly
1
[教材原句]A
metal
key
was
attached
to
the
string.(P32)
绳子上系着一把金属钥匙。
①Please
attach
a
recent
photo
to
your
application
form.
请在申请表上贴一张最近的照片。
[归纳拓展]
(1)attach/tie/fasten...to...
把……固定/附在……上
attach
importance/significance/value/weight，etc.to
sth.
认为……有重要性/意义/价值/分量等
(2)attached
adj.
依恋的；附属的
be
attached
to
附属于；依恋
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②My
parents
always
attach
importance
to
my
getting
a
good
education.
③This
hospital
attached
(attach)
to
the
medical
college
nearby
was
destroyed
in
the
flood.
④The
old
man
is
very
attached_to
old
customs
and
habits.
这个老人非常依恋旧的风俗习惯。
[教材原句]A
flash
of
lightning
hit
the
kite,
and
electricity
was
conducted
through
the
string
to
the
key.(P32)
一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传到了钥匙上。
①Copper
conducts
electricity
well.
铜的导电性能好。
[归纳拓展]
(1)conduct
an
experiment/a
survey/an
inquiry
进行实验/调查/询问
(2)conduct
a
concert/an
opera
指挥音乐会/歌剧
(3)conduct
oneself
well/properly/badly
举止端庄/得体/恶劣
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②Experiments
of
this
kind
had_been_conducted
(conduct)
in
both
the
US
and
Europe
well
before
the
Second
World
War.
③The
survey
conducted
(conduct)
by
the
company
shows
there
is
a
large
increase
in
customer
satisfaction
this
year.
④When
travelling
abroad,
we
should
conduct_ourselves
properly,
especially
in
public.
在国外旅行时，我们应该举止得体，尤其是在公共场合。
3
[教材原句]More
than
one
generation
of
schoolchildren
has
been
amazed
by
his
bravery
and
his
scientific
approach
to
looking
for
the
truth.(P32)
一代又一代的小学生对他的勇敢和寻找真理的科学方法感到惊讶。
[归纳拓展]
(1)amaze
vt.
使惊奇，使惊愕
(2)be
amazed
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到惊奇
be
amazed
at/by
对……感到惊奇
(3)amazing
adj.
令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的
(4)amazement
n.
惊奇
to
one's
amazement
令某人惊奇的是
in
amazement
惊奇地
[名师点津]
(1)amazing
“令人吃惊的”，多指令人吃惊的人或事物；amazed
表示“人感到吃惊的”，多指人的情感。
(2)以?ing结尾的形容词常译成“令人……的”，一般修饰物，有时也可以修饰人；而以?ed结尾的形容词常译为“感到……的”，一般修饰人或与人有关的名词，如voice,
expression等。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
①I
was
banging
so
loudly.
I'm
amazed
(amaze)
that
they
didn't
hear
me.
②Much
to
my
amazement
(amaze),
he
has
made
rapid
progress
in
English.
③We
were
amazed
to_learn
(learn)
that
she
had
left
the
hospital
$18
million.
[教材原句]More
than
one
generation
of
schoolchildren
has
been
amazed
by
his
bravery
and
his
scientific
approach
to
looking
for
the
truth.(P32)
一代又一代的小学生对他的勇敢和寻找真理的科学方法感到惊讶。
[归纳拓展]
(1)an
approach
to...
……的方法/通道/途径(to为介词)
(2)approach
sb./sth.
靠近/接近某人/某物
...be
approaching
……快到了
[名师点津]
“(做)……的方法”的不同表达：
①the
approach
to
(doing)
sth.
②the
way
to
do/of
(doing)
sth.
③the
means
of
(doing)
sth.
④the
method
of
(doing)
sth.
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Approaching
(approach)
the
city
centre,
we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
②All
the
approaches
(approach)
to
the
airport
were
blocked
by
the
police
yesterday.
③The
winter
vacation
is
approaching,_but
we
still
can't
decide
where
to
go.
寒假日益临近，可我们仍定不下来去哪里。
[教材原句]In
fact,
more
than
one
account
suggests
that
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple,
there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head.(P33)
事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿的灵感来自一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。
[归纳拓展]
(1)account
for
解释；说明(……的原因)；(在数量上)占……比例
(2)on
account
of
(＝because
of)
因为
on
no
account＝in
no
way
决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
open/close
an
account
(在银行)开立/结清账户
take
sth.
into
account/consideration
考虑到某事
by/from
all
accounts
据说
give
a
full
account
of
对……做详细的描述
[名师点津]
on
no
account意为“决不”，放在句首时，句子常用部分倒装，有类似用法的表达还有：by
no
means,
in
no
way,
in
no
case,
on
no
condition,
under
no
circumstances,
at
no
time等。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①According
to
the
World
Bank，China
accounts_for
about
30
percent
of
total
global
fertilizer
consumption.
根据世界银行的调查，中国大约占据了全世界的化肥总消耗量的30%。
②On_no_account
must
you
tell
him
about
our
plans.
你决不能把我们的计划告诉他。
③That
might
be
OK，but
we
must
take
everything
into_account.
那样可能也行，但是我们必须全面考虑。
④He
retired
on_account_of
poor
health.
他由于身体不好而退休了。
6
[教材原句]In
fact,
more
than
one
account
suggests
that
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple，there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head.(P33)
事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿的灵感来自一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。
[归纳拓展]
(1)prove
vi.
结果是，证明是，原来是(＝turn
out)
vt.
证明，证实
prove
sth.
to
sb.向某人证明某事
prove＋that...
证明
prove
oneself
(to
be)
sth.
证明自己是
prove
(to
be)
sth.
原来是，结果是，被发现是
prove
sb.'s
innocence/guilt
证明某人清白/有罪
(2)It's
proved
that...
据证明……
(3)There's
(no)
proof
that...
(没)有证据证明……
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①So
far
there
is
no
proof
that
people
from
other
planets
do
exist.
②She
was
checking
the
proofs
(prove)
of
her
latest
novel.
③The
boy
tried
to
prove
himself
to_be
(be)
a
good
student.
④It_is_proved_thatTV
programs
of
violence
have
a
bad
influence
on
children.
事实证明，暴力电视节目对儿童的成长有不良影响。
7
[教材原句]Remove
the
shell
of
the
egg.(P35)
去掉蛋壳。
[归纳拓展]
(1)remove...from...
把……从……移开
remove
from...to...
从……搬到……
remove
sb.
from
office
免去某人的职务
(2)removal
n.
除去
[即时巩固]
(1)写出下列句中remove的含义
①Recently
many
officials
have
been
removed
from
office
as
a
result
of
corruption.免职
②We
tried
to
remove
his
doubt
and
let
him
tell
the
truth.打消
③She
removed
her
jacket
and
hung
it
up
on
the
hook.脱掉
④Please
remove
your
bag
from
the
seat
so
that
I
can
sit
down.拿开
(2)完成句子
①Three
children
were_removed_from_the_school
for
persistent
bad
behaviour.
三个孩子因一再行为不检被学校开除。
②Before
the
examination,
the
school
organized
some
relaxed
activities
to
remove_fears_and_anxiety_from
students'
mind.
考试前学校组织了一些轻松的活动来消除学生心理上的害怕和焦虑。
1
[教材原句]Apart
from
being
a
successful
statesman,
he
was
also
well
known
as
a
leading
American
author，printer
and
publisher，successful
diplomat，creative
scientist
and
inventor.(P32)
他不仅是一位成功的政治家，还是美国著名的作家、印刷家和出版商、成功的外交家、创造性的科学家和发明家。
[归纳拓展]
表示“除……之外”的词或短语还有：
(1)besides＝in
addition
to
除……之外(还，也)，常与
also,
more,
other
等连用；
(2)except/but
除……外(都)……，常与all,
every,
no,
none,
nothing
等含有整体、肯定或否定意义的词连用；
(3)except
for
除……以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。
[即时巩固]
完成句子
①Apart_from
natural
and
cultural
wonders,
Hangzhou
is
also
famous
for
its
culinary
delights.
除了自然和文化奇观外，杭州也因为美食烹饪而出名。
②Except_for
the
ending,
it's
a
really
good
film.
除了结尾以外，这真的是一部好电影。
2
[教材原句]An
essay
title
often
contains
an
explicit
or
implicit
question
which
your
essay
should
focus
on
answering.(P32)
文章标题通常包含一个你的文章应该集中回答的明确或隐含的问题。
[归纳拓展]
(1)focus
one's
attention/eyes/energy
on...
集中注意力/目光/精力于……
(2)focus
n.
焦点，中心
the
focus
of
attention/concern
注意力/关注的重点
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①With
his
attention
focused
(focus)
on
his
homework,
he
forgot
all
about
what
I
had
told
him.
②Focusing
(focus)
his
attention
on
urgent
problems,
he
hardly
has
time
to
play
games
with
you.
③Most
of
us
are
more
focused
on
our
tasks
in
the
morning
than
we
are
later
in
the
day.
④As
we
have
seen,
the_focus_of
medical
care
in
our
society
has
been
shifting
from
curing
disease
to
preventing
disease.
我们知道，我们社会的医疗关注点正从治病转变为防病。
[教材原句]In
what
ways
do
scientists
contribute
to
society？(P34)
科学家通过什么方式对社会做出贡献？
①Volunteer
or,
if
you
can,
contribute
a
little
money
to
a
cause.
如果你可以的话就去做义工或者为某一事业捐赠一点钱。
[归纳拓展]
(1)contribute...to...
为……捐献……；投稿
(2)contribution
n.
贡献；捐献
make
a
contribution/contributions
to/towards...
为……做贡献
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②They
say
they
would
like
to
contribute
more
to
charity,
but
money
is
tight
this
year.
③My
brother
made
a
contribution
(contribute)
to
the
construction
of
our
hometown.
④Participating
in
the
contest
will
be
a
golden
chance
for
me
to
show
my
dancing
skills
and
make_some_contributions_to
the
class.
参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能，并对班级做出贡献的好机会。
Franklin，
along
with
many
other
scientists，
has
inspired
us
and
taught
us
that
scientific
experiments
are
important
in
order
to
establish
the
truth
and
to
contribute
towards
later
scientific
discoveries
and
inventions.?P32?
富兰克林和其他许多科学家一样，给了我们灵感，并告诉我们，科学实验对于确立真理以及为以后的科学发现和发明做出贡献是重要的。
[句式分析]
尽管主语Franklin后有along
with引起的短语，但谓语动词的数与主语保持一致，故后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
①Nowadays,
cycling,
along
with
jogging
and
swimming,
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
best
all?round
forms
of
exercise.
现如今，与慢跑和游泳一起，骑自行车运动被视为最好的、全面的运动形式之一。
[归纳拓展]
主语后跟有with,
together
with,
as
well
as,
like,
but,
except,
along
with,
rather
than,
including,
in
addition
to
等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②Mr
Smith,
together
with
his
wife
and
daughters,
is
(be)
going
to
visit
Beijing
this
summer.
③I
think
Tom,
rather
than
you,
is
(be)
to
blame
for
the
accident.
However，
neither
the
story
nor
the
details
of
the
experiment
are
entirely
true.?P33?
然而，故事和实验的细节都不完全正确。
[句式分析]
neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个并列成分，连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。
①Neither
its
cause
nor
its
cure
was
understood.
人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
[归纳拓展]
遵循“就近一致原则”的其他并列连词：
either...or...
不是……就是……
not
only...but
also...
不仅……而且……
not...but...
不是……而是……
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空
②To
be
honest,
I
have
neither
time
nor
money
for
the
ball.
③Neither
the
father
nor
the
children
are
(be)
interested
in
the
film.
④Not
only
the
nurses
but
also
the
doctor
is
(be)
very
kind
to
the
patients.
⑤Either
you
or
one
of
your
students
is
(be)
to
attend
the
meeting
that
is
due
tomorrow.
In
fact，
more
than
one
account
suggests
that
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple，there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head.?P33?
事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿的灵感来自一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。
[句式分析]
句中while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple为让步状语从句，while
意为“虽然”。
①While
I
really
don't
like
art,
I
find
his
work
impressive.
尽管我真的不喜欢艺术，但我觉得他的作品令人难忘。
[归纳拓展]
while作连词时的主要用法：
(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。
(2)引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管；虽然”。
(3)引导条件状语从句，相当于as
long
as，意为“只要”。
(4)连接并列句，表示对比，意为“而；可是”。
[即时巩固]
单句语法填空/完成句子
②There's
plenty
of
rain
in
the
southeast,
while
there's
little
in
the
northeast.
③While/Though/Although
I
admit
that
the
plan
is
not
perfect,
I
will
still
adopt
it.
④While_(he_was)
in
the
United
States,
he
made
friends
with
his
classmate,
Mary.
在美国时，他同他的同学玛丽成了朋友。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
police
made
a
declaration
(声明)
that
Tom
had
nothing
to
do
with
this
accident.
2．They
started
the
experiment
(实验),
hopeful
for
success.
3．Water
conducts
(传导)
heat
faster
than
air.
4．This
is
a
famous
scientific
(科学的)
research
carried
out
by
some
scientists.
5．We
are
all
entirely
(完全地)
responsible
for
our
actions
and
for
our
reactions.
6．The
information
consists
with
his
account
(描述)．
7．In
the
absence
of
proof
(证据),
who
is
the
thief
is
still
not
announced.
8．Reforming
the
education
system
will
be
a
difficult
procedure
(程序)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
attach
great
importance
to；
contribute
to；
apart
from；
focus
on；
on
account
of
1．On_account_of
the
bad
weather,
we
quitted
the
original
plan.
2．Apart_from
the
cold,
thin
air
and
low
oxygen
levels
also
can
cause
mountain
sickness.
3．Recently,
the
media
have
been
focusing_on
the
rising
housing
price.
4．To
be
honest,
a
lot
of
people
attach_great_importance_to
becoming
rich
and
famous.
5．Pollution
from
nearby
cement
factories
has
also
contributed_to
the
problem.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．It
is
said
that
the
institute
is_attached_to
Beijing
University.
据说这个研究所附属于北京大学。
2．Apart_from
some
spelling
mistakes,
the
composition
is
fairly
good.
除了一些拼写错误，这篇作文相当不错。
3．Neither_you_nor_he_is
to
leave
here.
你和他都不能离开这里。
4．While/Although/Though_online_shopping_has_changed_our_life,_not
all
of
its
effects
have
been
positive.
虽然网购改变了我们的生活，但并不是它的所有影响都是正面的。
5．There_is_no_doubt_that
the
increase
in
demand
leads
to
the
rise
in
prices.
毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。
PAGEUnit
3
The
world
of
science
第四课时 Writing——实验报告
请根据下列表格中的内容，写一篇80词左右的英语短文，说明整个实验的内容。
实验目的
镁在空气中燃烧是否有变化
实验用品
镁(magnesium)，本生灯(Bunsen
burner)，天平(balance)，坩埚(crucible)
实验步骤
1.首先把镁放进坩埚内；2．然后把坩埚放在天平上称一下；3．下一步点燃本生灯，把坩埚放在上面，给镁加热；4．最后称镁的重量。
实验结果
镁比原来重了一点
实验结论
镁在空气中燃烧重量上有变化
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
【分析】
实验报告是对某实验的目的、步骤、现象、结论等进行论述的报告。
基本结构
一般情况下，实验报告是根据实验步骤和顺序展开来写的。
1．实验目的
即本次实验所需达到的目标或目的是什么。
2．实验用品
写出实验用品，应分类罗列，不能遗漏。
3．实验步骤
根据具体的实验目的和原理，写出主要的操作步骤。写作过程中可适当使用表示顺序的词语，使叙述有条理，清楚明了。如
first...,
second...,
next...,
and
then...,
finally...等。
4．实验结果
如实正确地记录实验现象或数据。
5．实验结论
对于所进行的操作和得到的相关现象运用已知的知识去分析和解释，得出结论。
Ⅰ.用词
1．aim
n.
目的
2．balance
n.
天平
3．carry_out_the_experiment
进行实验
4．conclusion
n.
结论
5．find_out
弄清
Ⅱ.造句
1．The
aim
of
the
experiment
is
to
find_out_if_there's_a_change
when
magnesium
burns
in
air.
这个实验的目的是弄清镁在空气中燃烧时是否发生了变化。
2．When
you
carry_out
the
experiment,
it
is
necessary
for_you_to_have
the
following
things.
当你进行实验时，你需要有下列东西。
3．You
can
see
that
it
weighs
a_little_more_than
before.
你能看到它(镁)比以前重了一点。
Ⅲ.成篇
The_aim_of_the_experiment_is_to_find_out_if_there's_a_change_when_magnesium_burns_in_air.
When_you_carry_out_the_experiment,_it_is_necessary_for_you_to_have_the_following_things:_magnesium,_Bunsen_burner,_a_balance_and_a_crucible._With_all_these_things_ready,_you_can_begin_the_experiment.
First,_put_the_magnesium_in_the_crucible._Then_put_the_crucible_on_the_balance_and_weigh_it._Next,_heat_the_magnesium._Light_the_Bunsen_burner_and_hold_the_crucible_over_it._Finally,_weigh_the_magnesium_again.
You_can_see_that_it_weighs_a_little_more_than_before._So_we_can_draw_a_conclusion_that_there_is_a_change_in_weight_when_magnesium_burns_in_air.
Self?assessment
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．press
v.
按；压；逼迫
n.
按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure
n.
压力
2．shoot
vt.
射出；放射→shot
过去式/过去分词→shooting
n.
枪击；枪杀
3．virtual
adj.
虚拟的
4．flexible
adj.
灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的→flexibly
adv.
灵活地
5．capable
adj.
有能力的→capability
n.
能力，才能
6．desire
n.
渴望；欲望；渴求
vt.
希望得到；想要→desirable
adj.
值得做的；满足需要的；可取的
7．stuff
n.
东西；物品
8．passive
adj.
被动的；消极的→active
(反义词)
adj.
主动的；积极的
9．beyond
prep.
无法……
10．instance
n.
例子；实例
11．significant
adj.
重要的→significance
n.
意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
12．injure
vt.
损害；伤害→injured
adj.
受伤的→injury
n.
伤口；受伤处
13．chemist
n.
化学家→chemical
n.
化学药品→chemistry
n.
化学
14．biologist
n.
生物学家→biology
n.
生物学
15．accurate
adj.
精确的，正确的→accuracy
n.
正确，准确
16．minor
adj.
小的；次要的→minority
n.
少数民族；极少数→majority
n.
多数
17．origin
n.
起源→
original
adj.
原先的；最初的→originally
adv.
原先地；最初地
18．extraordinary
adj.
出色的；非凡的→ordinary
adj.
平常的；普通的
19．brilliant
adj.
聪颖的；才华横溢的
20．theory
n.
学说；理论
21．mental
adj.
精神的；智力的→mentally
adv.
精神上；智力上→physical
(反义词)
adj.
身体的；肉体的
22．cure
n.
治愈；痊愈
vt.
治愈；治疗→treat
(近义词)
vt.
治疗
23．draft
v.
起草；草拟
24．declaration
n.
宣告；声明→declare
vt.
宣布；声明；表明；宣称
25．experiment
n.
实验→experimental
adj.
实验的
26．fiction
n.
虚构的事；想象出来的事
27．metal
n.
金属
28．attach
vt.&
vi.
系上；缚上；贴；附加→attached
adj.
依恋的；附属的→attachment
n.
附件；信念；爱慕
29．flash
n.
闪光
30．conduct
v.
指挥；管理；主持；传导(热、电)
n.
行为；品行→conductor
n.
指挥；公共汽车售票员
31．scientific
adj.
科学的→science
n.
科学→scientist
n.
科学家
32．entirely
adv.
完全地；彻底地→entire
adj.
整个的；完全的；全部的
33．gravity
n.
重力，地心引力
34．account
n.
说明；描述；计算；账目
vi.&
vt.
认为；说明；总计有→accountant
n.
会计师；会计
35．proof
n.
证据；证明→prove
v.
证明是；被发现是
36．procedure
n.
程序
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．in_addition
除此之外；另外
2．thanks_to
多亏；由于
3．in_terms_of
就……而言
4．what's_more
而且
5．work_as
充当
6．start_with
以……开始
7．lead_to
导致
8．by_oneself
独自
9．beyond_recognition
无法辨认
10．for_instance
例如
11．be_named_after
以……命名
12．be_known_for
因……而闻名
13．due_to
因为；由于
14．be_regarded_as
被视作
15．live_with
忍受
16．the_number_of
……的数量
17．a_cure_for
……的疗法
18．end_with
以……结束
19．apart_from
除了
20．be_known_as
作为……而闻名
21．focus_on
集中注意力于
22．attach...to...
把……绑到……
23．fly_a_kite
放风筝
24．be_amazed_by
惊异于
25．an_approach_to
一种……的方法
26．contribute_to
对……有贡献
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．And
now,
we
find_ourselves_in
the
great
new
age
of
technology.(P26)
现在，我们发现自己身处伟大的科技新时代。
2．It
is
capable
of
using
GPS
technology
to
travel
to
different
places,
with
computing
technology
controlling
its
“legs”．(P27)
它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，计算机技术控制它的“腿”。
3．So
what
is_it_that
inspires
us
to
invent
things？(P27)
那么，是什么激励我们发明东西呢？
4．But
what
remains
important
is
that
we
have
an
incredible
desire
to
think
and
create,
and
that's
the
real
spirit
of
invention.(P27)
但仍然重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。
5．He
also
developed
a
calendar
which
is
as_accurate_as
the
Gregorian
calendar.(P30)
他还发明了一种和公历一样精确的历法。
6．It
is
recognised
as
the
most
common
mental
disease
among
older
people，and
the
number
of
sufferers
is
growing.(P31)
它被认为是老年人中最常见的精神疾病，患者人数也在不断增加。
7．He
raised
the
kite
with
a
piece
of
string
tied
to
it.(P32)
他把系着一根绳子的风筝升高。
8．Franklin,
along
with
many
other
scientists,
has_inspired
us
and
taught
us
that
scientific
experiments
are
important
in_order_to
establish
the
truth
and
to
contribute
towards
later
scientific
discoveries
and
inventions.(P32)
富兰克林和许多其他科学家一样，给了我们灵感，并告诉我们，科学实验对于确立真理以及为以后的科学发现和发明做出贡献是重要的。
9．However,
neither
the
story
nor
the
details
of
the
experiment
are
entirely
true.(P33)
然而，故事和实验的细节都不完全正确。
10．But
scientists
all
agree
that
if
Franklin
had
actually
touched
the
key,
he
would
certainly
have
died
from
the
electric
shock.(P33)
但科学家们都同意，如果富兰克林真的碰了钥匙，他肯定会死于电击。
11．In
fact，more
than
one
account
suggests
that
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple，there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head.(P33)
事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿的灵感来自一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。
Ⅳ.单元语法——完成句子
1．The
freeway
has_been_closed
because
of
the
heavy
snow.
由于大雪，高速公路已经被封闭。
2．Large
numbers
of
trees
have_been_cut_down
to
grow
more
grain.
为了多种一些谷物，很多树被砍掉了。
3．As
for
the
English
Speaking
Competition，when
and
where
it
will
be
held
hasn't_been_decided
yet.
至于英语演讲比赛，举办的时间和地点还没有确定。
4．They
haven't_been_told
the
exciting
news
yet，have
they?
他们还没有被告知这个令人兴奋的消息，是吗？
5．Paper
money
has_been_used_for_over_a_thousand_years.
纸币已被使用了1
000多年了。
Ⅴ.单元应用文写作
根据下面的提示，写一篇80词左右的有关“不打破鸡蛋除去蛋壳”的实验报告。
实验目的：不打破鸡蛋除去蛋壳。
实验仪器和材料：一只玻璃杯，一个小煮锅(saucepan)，水，一个鸡蛋，约250毫升醋(vinegar)。
实验步骤：
1．先把鸡蛋在煮锅中煮10分钟左右；
2．把鸡蛋放在玻璃杯中；
3．往玻璃杯中倒醋，醋要漫过鸡蛋；
4．把鸡蛋在醋中泡24小时。
实验结果：24小时后蛋壳完全消失。
实验结论：醋中的酸性物质(acid)与蛋壳中的碳酸钙(CaCO3)反应生成二氧化碳(CO2)，蛋壳消失。
The_aim_of_this_experiment_is_to_remove_the_shell_from_an_egg_without_breaking_it.
To_carry_out_the_experiment,_you_need_the_following_things:_a_glass,_a_small_saucepan,_water,_an_egg_and_about_250_ml_vinegar._With_all_these_things_ready,_you_can_begin_the_experiment.
First,_boil_the_egg_for_about_ten_minutes_in_the_saucepan_filled_with_water._Next,_place_the_egg_in_the_glass_and_cover_it_with_vinegar._After_that,_leave_the_egg_in_the_vinegar_for_24_hours.
The_conclusion_is_that_24_hours_later,_you_can_see_that_the_shell_disappears_completely._The_shell_is_mostly_made_of_CaCO3_and_the_vinegar_includes_acid._The_egg_shell_dissolves_because_CaCO3_reacts_with_acid_to_form_the_gas,_CO2.
PAGE
