Unit 5 The Value of Money
Section Ⅲ Listening and Talking，Reading for Writing
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．intention n．打算；计划；意图；目的→intend vt.计划；打算
2．nowhere adv.无处；哪里都不
3．extent n．程度；限度；大小；范围
4．opera n．歌剧
5．musical n．音乐剧 adj.音乐的→music n．音乐；乐曲→musician n．音乐家；作曲家
6．dinosaur n．恐龙
7．hug vt.& vi.拥抱；抱紧
8．pursue vt.追求；致力于
9．duty n．责任；义务；职责；值班
10．hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→hesitation n．犹豫
11．eventually adv.最后；终于→eventual adj.最后的； 最终的； 结果的
12．tailor n．(男装)裁缝 vt.专门制作；定做
13．clerk n．职员；文书；店员
14．manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪→manners n．礼仪；礼貌
15．downstairs adv.顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下
16．stair n．楼梯；梯级
17．aside adv.到旁边；在旁边；留；存
18．option n．可选择的事物；选择；选择权→optional adj. 可选择的；随意的
19．broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的
20．indeed adv.其实；实际上；当然；确实
21．normal adj.典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的 n．常态；通常标准；一般水平
22．willing adj.愿意；乐意
23．element n．要素；基本部分
24．plot n．故事情节；布局；阴谋
25．upper class adj.上流社会的；上等阶层的→upper
adj.上面的；上层的；靠上部的
26．maintain vt.维持；保持；维修；保养
27．permission n．准许；许可；批准；许可证→permit
vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能
28．saying n．谚语；格言；警句
29．external adj.外部的；外面的；外来的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．in case以防；以防万一
2．to...extent到……程度；在……程度上
3．on duty值班；值勤
4．in a．..manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
5．in that case既然那样；假使那样的话
6．be willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事
7．the upper class上流社会；上等阶层
8．play the role of扮演……的角色
9．now that既然
10．in the end最后；终于
11．to one's surprise让/令某人惊讶的是
12．go down下去；下降；下沉；落下
13．try to_do sth.尽力干某事
14．as if仿佛；好像
15．worry about担心；焦虑
16．be eager to_do sth.渴望干某事
17．take a chance冒险
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．But now that you are here，I don't have to.
但是，既然你在这儿，我就不必了。
2．Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there.
然后，他折起钞票，又慢慢地把它展开，就好像看到了什么他不敢相信的东西。
3．I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
4．You would have to wait a long time to get paid.
你得等很长时间才能拿到钱。
1
[典型例句]
This animal is found in Australia, and nowhere else.
这种动物生长在澳大利亚，别处没有。
[思维拓展]
get/go nowhere 毫无进展
nowhere to be found/seen 哪儿也找不到/看不到
nowhere in sight 不可能看见
get sb. nowhere (让某人)毫无进展
[即学即练]
Nowhere did (do) we suggest that this ship's features were unique.
2
[典型例句]
She gave a hug to her daughter and put her to bed.
她拥抱了一下女儿，然后把她放到床上。
The old friends hugged when they met.
老朋友重逢时拥抱在一起。
[思维拓展]
give sb. a hug(＝give a hug to sb.)拥抱某人
Paul gave me a big hug and smiled.(＝Paul gave a big hug to me and smiled.)
保罗热情地拥抱了我一下，脸上带着微笑。
[即学即练]
He gave me a hug at the airport.
3
[典型例句]
Don't hesitate if you want to leave early.
如果你想早走，就不要犹豫。
[思维拓展]
hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/over (doing) sth.(做)某事犹豫不决
hesitate about＋疑问词＋to do sth.做某事犹豫不决
hesitation n．踌躇；犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.
毫不犹豫地做某事
I always hesitate to advise my friends on what to read.
我总是不大愿意建议我的朋友们该看些什么书。
He was still hesitating about whether to leave or not.
他还在犹豫是否离开。
[即学即练]
(1)Don't hesitate about that.Do it at once.
对于那件事不要再犹豫，马上去做吧。
(2)In case you need something，please don't hesitate to ask me.
如果你需要什么东西，请不要犹豫，尽管跟我要。
(3)He who hesitates is lost.
[谚]当断不断，必受其患。
(4)Without any hesitation,_he jumped into the river to save the drowning child.
他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救溺水的孩子。
4
[典型例句]
He eventually escaped and made his way back to England.
最后他逃了出来并且回到了英格兰。
Eventually，she got a job and moved to London.
最终她找了一份工作并移居伦敦。
[思维拓展]
eventual adj.最后的；最终的；结果的
[易混辨析]
eventually/finally/at last/in the end
这四个词或短语均在句中作状语，含“最后，最终”之意，区别如下：
(1)eventually通常指由某一必然原因导致的“最终的结果”。
(2)finally指经过一段时间的等待才出现结果，主要位于动词前面，有时用于列举中的最后一项。
(3)at last表明说话者主观的语气很强烈，指经过一段时间的期待好不容易才出现的结果，暗示心里一阵“轻松”。通常位于句首或句末。
(4)in the end语气稍弱，指经过种种变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后某事才发生。
[即学即练]
(1)At last an agreement was reached between the two parties.
双方最终达成了协议。
(2)She failed so many times that in the end she gave up hope.
她多次失败，以至于最终放弃了希望。
(3)He worked so hard that eventually he made himself ill.
他工作太卖力，最后病倒了。
(4)We need to increase productivity; we need to cut down the cost，and finally we need to make our goods competitive on world markets.
我们需要提高生产率，需要降低成本，最后，我们还需要提高我们的商品在国际市场上的竞争力。
5
[典型例句]
She answered in a businesslike manner.
她回答得有条有理。
During the conversation, he had a friendly manner.
交谈时他态度友好。
It's bad manners to point at people.
对人指指点点是不礼貌的。
Other times, other manners.
[谚]时移俗易。
[思维拓展]
in a ... manner以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
mind one's manners 注意礼貌
table manners餐桌礼仪
It's good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的
表示“方式”的词及搭配荟萃：
[易混辨析]
means/manner/method/way/approach
(1)means表示“方法”“手段”“工具”“财产”，与of搭配。
(2)manner表示“方式”“方法”，指个人喜欢采用的方式，与of搭配。
(3)method指做某事的具体步骤或程序，也指系统的、抽象概念的原理，与of搭配。
(4)way是最通用的词，也是最不正式的词。本义是“通路”，引申作“方式”“方法”讲，含义很广，与of或动词不定式搭配。
(5)approach也有“方法，步骤，途径”的意思。它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式。与toward或to搭配。
[即学即练]
(1)This book provides a good approach to psychology.
本书提供研究心理学的良好门径。
(2)The manner of their meeting makes a good story.
他们相见的方式有些传奇色彩。
(3)The quickest means of travel is by plane.
最快的旅行方式是乘飞机。
(4)In this way over several days，the artist and his mouse became friends.
就这样过了几天，这位艺术家和他的老鼠成了好朋友。
(5)He is a man of method.
他是个有条理的人。
6
[典型例句]
As I see it，we have two options.
在我看来，我们有两种选择。
You have no option but to refuse his proposal.
你别无选择，只能拒绝他的提议。
[思维拓展]
at sb.'s option随某人的意
have no option but to do sth.别无选择只好干某事
optional adj.可选择的；随意的
Chinese is an optional course to us students of science.
中文是我们这些理科学生的一门选修科目。
We have some optional subjects.
我们有一些选修科目。
[即学即练]
In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are optional (option)．
7
[典型例句]
Most of the essays were very good indeed.
事实上这些文章大多数都非常好。
The blood tests prove that Vince is indeed the father.
验血证明文斯确实是父亲。
I don't mind at all. Indeed, I was pleased.
我一点也不介意，事实上，我非常高兴。
[即学即练]
He is very friendly indeed (indeed) and we become friends at once.
8
[典型例句]
No official permission has been given for the event to take place.
这项活动未得到正式批准，不能进行。
You must ask permission before taking any photographs inside the church.
必须申请批准方可于教堂内拍照。
[巧学妙记]
per (＝through，自始至终)＋miss (＝send，发送)＋ion (名词后缀，表示状态或结果)→自始至终处于发送的状态→许可；允许
[思维拓展]
ask for permission 请求许可
give permission 批准
get permission from sb. 得到某人的许可
with/without (sb.'s) permission 经/未经(某人的)许可
permit vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能；[C]许可证，执照
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb.(to do) sth.允许某人(做)某事
weather/time permitting＝if weather/time permits天气/时间允许的话
[即学即练]
(1)She refused to give her permission.
她拒不同意。
(2)Do you have a driver's permit
你有驾驶执照吗？
(3)Time permitting,_we'll go out for a picnic.
时间允许的话，我们就去野餐。
(4)The policeman permitted his parking there.
＝The policeman permitted him to park there.
警察允许他在那里停车。
考点集训一
单句语法填空
1．They put their arms around each other and hugged (hug)．
2．A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation (hesitate)．
3．After years of united efforts, the children of migrant workers can eventually (eventual) take the college entrance exam in Fujian Province from 2014 on.
4．Speaking of table manners (manner)，keep your voice low and pleasant during the meal.
5．Taking optional (option) subjects will enrich our mind.
6．But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s，when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
1
[典型例句]
I took my driving license with me on holiday，in case I wanted to hire a car.
度假时我随身带了驾照，以防我想要租车。
I guess we've already talked about this but I'll ask you again just in case.
我记得我们已经讨论过这个了，但是我再问问你，以防万一。
Take an umbrella，in case it rains.
带把伞吧，以防下雨。
[思维拓展]
case n．情况；病例；案例
in case of...假使……，万一……
in any case无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case如果这样/那样的话，在这种/那种情况下
in no case无论如何不；决不(位于句首，句子要倒装)
in the case of就……来说
as is often the case这是常有的事；情况往往如此
as the case may/might be看情况，视情况而定
[即学即练]
(1)In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment.
在某些情况下，人们必须等上好几周才能得到约见。
(2)The case will be heard next week.
此案下周审理。
(3)In case of fire，call 119.
万一发生火灾，就打119。
(4)You'd better take the keys in case I'm out.
你最好带上钥匙，以防我不在家。
(5)In no case can we go against the law of nature，or we will get punished.
我们绝不能违背自然法则，否则我们将会受到惩罚。
2
[典型例句]
To my surprise, she was the mother of five children.
令我惊讶的是，她是五个孩子的妈妈。
注意：to one's surprise相当于to the surprise of sb.。另外，当表示“令某人很惊讶”时，可用much to one's surprise或to one's great surprise来表达。
[思维拓展]
in surprise吃惊地；在惊慌中
take...by surprise使……惊慌；突袭……
to one's joy/delight (＝to the joy/delight of sb.)令某人高兴的是
to one's sorrow (＝to the sorrow of sb.)令某人悲伤的是
to one's relief (＝to the relief of sb.)令某人欣慰的是
to one's amazement (＝to the amazement of sb.)
令某人吃惊的是
[即学即练]
To my surprise，I forgot to lock my door when I went to work.
3
[典型例句]
I don't know whether he is willing to come.
我不知道他是否愿意来。
She is willing to help.
她愿意帮忙。
I'm not willing to work late.
我不愿意加班。
[思维拓展]
愿意做某事
[即学即练]
Both teams were in hard training；neither was willing (will) to lose the game.
4
[典型例句]
He was taking a chance on a relatively new young actor.
他在冒险用一个出道不太久的年轻演员。
When installing electrical equipment don't take any chances. A mistake could kill.
安装电器设备时千万不要冒险，弄错了有可能会出人命的。
[思维拓展]
by chance 碰巧
have/get a chance (to do sth.) 有机会(做某事)
take the chance 抓住机会
take one's chance 碰运气
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会
[即学即练]
After losing $40,000 on his last business，the man is not taking a chance this time.
考点集训二
单句语法填空
1．There is no simple answer，as is often the case in science.
2．The sign reads，“In case of fire，break the glass and push the red button.”
3．To the surprise of me，he didn't go back to school.
4．People in developing countries are not often willing (will) to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings.
5．Some people feel sorry for the poor and are willing to_help (help) them.
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是I don't have to，now that you are here是连词now that引导的原因状语从句。
(2)now that意为“既然”。
Now that the kids have left home we've got a lot of extra space.
孩子们都离开家了，我们住着就更宽绰了。
Now that you have finished your work, you'd better have a rest.
既然你的工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。
[易混辨析]
now that, because, since, as, for
now that 固定短语，意为“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，that 可以省略。
because 表示直接的或为人所不知的原因，语气最强。回答用 why 提问的问句。
since 意为“既然”，表示已知或共知的原因，但并非直接原因。可与 now that 互换。
as 意为“由于”，表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。语气比 because 弱。
for 意为“因为”，并列连词，表示补充说明的理由。引导分句，不能置于句首。
[误区警示]
类似 although/though 不能与 but 连用，because 不能与 so 连用，当 since, now that 引导原因状语从句时，主句前不能加 so 等连词。
[译]既然你已经准备好了，我们现在可以走了。
[误]Now that you are ready, so we can go now.
[正]Now that you are ready, we can go now.
[即学即练]
(1)Now that we failed this time，we should draw some useful lessons from it.
(2)—Why didn't you phone me last night
—Because I didn't want to disturb you.
(3)It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.
(4)As he wasn't ready in time，we went without him.
Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there.
然后，他折起钞票，又慢慢地把它展开，就好像看到了什么他不敢相信的东西。
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，后面是as if引导的方式状语从句，something he can't believe is there是省略了连接词that的宾语从句，其中又包含了定语从句he can't believe，修饰先行词something。
(2)此处as if looking at something he can't believe is there是状语从句as if he is looking at something he can't believe is there的省略形式。
状语从句省略的具体用法：
①适用从句：时间、地点、条件、方式和让步状语从句
②省略条件：从句主语与主句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句的谓语部分含有be动词
③省略后从句的形式：连词＋形容词/副词/分词/不定式/名词
While (they were) building the tunnel，the workers discovered an underground lake.
建隧道时，工人们发现了一个地下湖。
Unless (you are) asked to speak，you should remain silent at the meeting.
开会时，除非让你发言，否则你应当保持沉默。
Even if (I am) invited，I won't go.
即使被邀请，我也不去。
When (she was) very young，she began to learn to play the piano.
她很小就开始学习弹钢琴了。
[巧学妙记]
状语从句省略口诀：
时，条，让，方，地；主语同，谓语be，
二者省去不可惜；从句主语是it，省去it's也可以。
[即学即练]
(1)While swimming (swim) in the river, he saw a strange animal.
(2)You will never gain success unless fully devoted (devote) to your work.
I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。包含一个宾语从句that never would I hold such a note as this...，该从句是一个倒装句，正常语序为I would never hold such a note as this ...。
(2)never would I hold such a note as this...是否定或半否定意义的词语位于句首时引起的部分倒装。
当表示否定或半否定意义的词语如nor，neither，not，never，seldom，hardly，rarely，little，by no means，nowhere，in no way，under no circumstances，at no time，not until等位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构，即把助动词/be动词/情态动词移至主语之前，构成“表示否定或半否定意义的词语＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语＋动词原形(不含be动词)＋其他”结构。
I don't know when to leave.Nor does he.
我不知道什么时候离开，他也不知道。
Not a single tree can we see on the hill.
我们在小山上连一棵树也看不见。
Never have I heard or seen such a thing.
我从未听过或见过这样的事情。
Seldom does he come recently.
最近他很少来。
Hardly could she believe her own eyes.
她几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
Rarely have I seen such a bright moon.
我很少看到这么明亮的月亮。
Nowhere was the key to be found.
到处都找不到钥匙。
By no means shall I change the plan.
我决不改变计划。
Under no circumstances should we give up hope.
我们绝不放弃希望。
John realized his mistakes and promised that at no time would he do it again.
约翰意识到他的错误并且承诺在任何时候他都不会再做这种事。
Not until a week later did he learn the news.
直到一周后他才听到那个消息。
[思维拓展]
常用部分倒装的其他情况：
Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.
只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉时我才会再和他说话。
So wonderful was the film that everyone was deeply moved.
这部电影如此精彩，每个人都被深深地感动了。
No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.
他一闭上眼就睡着了。
Not only does he do well in his study，but also he often helps others with their lessons.
他不仅学习出色，还常常帮助其他人的功课。
Hot as the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
虽然晚上很热，但因为长途旅行后很累，我们睡得很沉。
Young though she is，she has travelled to many countries.
尽管年轻，但她已旅行过很多国家。
[即学即练]
(1)Only if you keep a balanced diet can you stay healthy (你才能保持健康)．
(2)—Can I use the telephone on the table，Sir
—Under no circumstances is anyone allowed to use (任何人不能使用) the telephone in the office for personal affairs.
(3)Little did people know(人们一点也不知道) that he achieved such outstanding grades in the exam because he had stayed up late learning hard for long.
(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。to get paid是不定式短语作目的状语。
(2)句中get paid是由“get＋过去分词”构成的短语。
“get＋过去分词”常见于以下两种情况：
①谈论某人或某物的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾料到的偶发事件或事故。
He got killed when he was crossing the road.
过马路时他被车撞死了。
Her skirt got torn on a nail.
她的裙子被钉子挂破了。
②谈论设法或终于做到令人称心的事，说话者带有较强的感彩。
She got paid before she went on a holiday.
她在度假前(设法)领到了工资。
In the end, he got admitted into Beijing University.
他终于被北京大学录取了。
[思维拓展]
“get＋过去分词”荟萃：
get lost 迷路 get punished 受惩罚
get divorced 离婚 get washed 洗脸
get separated 被分开 get paid 得到报酬
get dressed 穿衣服 get married 结婚
get engaged 订婚 get drunk 喝醉
[即学即练]
Her car got stuck (stick) in the mud and couldn't move.
考点集训三
单句语法填空
1．Since everybody is here，let's begin our meeting.
2．Film has a much shorter history，especially when compared (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
3．While walking (walk) the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
4．Only in this way can we arrive at the airport on time.
5．Tom got lost (lose) in the strange place.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Peter announced that he had no intention (意图) of wasting his time at any university.
2．It is lucky we booked a room，or we would have nowhere (无处) to stay now.
3．They greeted each other with a hug (拥抱) and said “Merry Christmas！”
4．To pursue (追求) my own good harvest in my study，I will spare no efforts to work hard.
5．Meanwhile，I will regard it as my duty (职责) to help keep our environment clean and healthy.
6．If you still have some doubts about table manners，please don't hesitate (犹豫) to tell me.
7．Her classmates encouraged her to stick to it and eventually (最后) she received her goal.
8．A good tailor (裁缝) can make a dress without a pattern.
9．Good manners (礼貌) are very important in the communication of daily life.
10．The boys bathed，dressed and went downstairs (往楼下) for lunch.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．My mother will give me a hug when I'm feeling down.
2．He's still hesitating about/over whether to take part in the sports meeting.
3．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually (eventual) want to write poems of their own.
4．We may not know the language another person is speaking，but most of us respond to music in the same manner.
5．Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to_cook (cook) in the kitchen.
6．It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
7．To my delight，I met Yao Ming and Ma Long at the airport.
8．We are willing (will) to trust and share the secrets with the friends who can see the real person inside our bodies.
9．While crossing (cross) the road，you should watch out.
10．She quickly got dressed (dress) and washed，running out of the room without breakfast.Unit 5 The Value of Money
Section Ⅳ 单元要点复习
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．basis n．基础；根据；基点
on the basis of 在……的基础上；根据……
2．apologise vi.道歉；谢罪
apologise to sb. 向某人道歉
apologise for doing sth. 为做了某事道歉
apologise to sb. for doing sth. 为做了某事向某人道歉
apology n. [C]道歉；赔罪
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉
3．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/不知道某事物
ignorant adj.无知的；不知道的
be ignorant of/about sth.不知道……
be ignorant that不知某事
ignorance n．无知；愚昧
be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道；对……无知
4．judge vt.&vi.评价；评判；判断 n．法官；审判员；裁判员
judge sb./sth.from/by...从……来判断
judge between right and wrong 判断是非
as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为
judging by/from 从……上看，根据……判断
judgement n．判断，审判，意见，判断力
in one's judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法
5．scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面；景色
the scene of the crime 犯罪现场
behind the scenes 暗中，秘密地，在幕后
(come) on the scene 出现，到场，在场
set the scene (为……)做好准备，(为……)设置舞台
6．spot vt.看见；注意到；发现 n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹
spot sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
on the spot在现场；当场；立即
in a spot处于困境
be spotted with满是……斑点；点缀着
7．sort n．种类；类别
sort of有点，在某种程度上(常作状语)
all sorts of＝of all sorts各种各样的
a sort of一种，可以说是……的东西
sort vt.& vi.分类；整理
sort out分类；整理；解决；处理
sort...into把……整理成……
8．patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力
have the patience to do sth.做某事有耐性
have/lose patience with对……有/失去耐心
with patience＝patiently耐心地
patient adj.耐心的；能忍受的 n．病人
be patient with sb.对某人有耐心
impatient adj.不耐烦的；没有耐心的
impatience n．不耐烦
9．beneath adv.&prep.在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下
10．nowhere adv.无处；哪里都不
get/go nowhere 毫无进展
nowhere to be found/seen 哪儿也找不到/看不到
nowhere in sight 不可能看见
get sb. nowhere (让某人)毫无进展
11．hug vt.&vi.拥抱；抱紧
give sb. a hug(＝give a hug to sb.)拥抱某人
12．hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑
hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/over (doing) sth.(做)某事犹豫不决
hesitate about＋疑问词＋to do sth.做某事犹豫不决
hesitation n．踌躇；犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
13．eventually adv.最后；终于
eventual adj.最后的；最终的；结果的
14．manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪
in a ... manner以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
mind one's manners 注意礼貌
table manners餐桌礼仪
It's good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的
表示“方式”的词及搭配荟萃：
15．option n．可选择的事物；选择；选择权
at sb.'s option随某人的意
have no option but to do sth.别无选择只好干某事
optional adj.可选择的；随意的
16．indeed adv.其实；实际上；当然；确实
17．permission n．准许；许可；批准；许可证
ask for permission 请求许可
give permission 批准
get permission from sb. 得到某人的许可
with/without (sb.'s) permission 经/未经(某人的)许可
permit vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能；[C]许可证，执照
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb.(to do) sth.允许某人(做)某事
weather/time permitting＝if weather/time permits天气/时间允许的话
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．in return作为回报；作为回应
in return for作为对……的报答
in turn反过来，转而
by turns轮流
2．make a bet打个赌
bet n. [C]赌；打赌 vi.& vt. 打赌；赌钱；敢说；八成儿
win/lose a bet 赢/输一场赌局
the/your best bet 最好的办法
bet sth. against/on 用……打赌
bet sb. that clause 敢和某人说/打赌说……
3．as a matter of fact事实上；其实；说真的
“事实上”的不同表达方式：as a matter of fact，in (actual) fact，actually，in reality，to tell (you) the truth，in practice等。
4．by accident偶然地；意外地
by accident＝accidentally偶然地，意外地
by mistake错误地；无心地
by chance偶然地，意外地
5．to be honest说实话；坦率地说
honestly speaking老实说
to tell you the truth说实话，老实说
英语中表示“……说”的短语：
generally speaking一般来说
exactly speaking确切地说
to be frank＝frankly speaking坦率地说
in general一般来说
in other words换句话说
or rather更确切地说
to sum up概括地说
that is 也就是说
6．be about to do sth.即将或正要(做某事)
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时……
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
7．in case以防；以防万一
case n．情况；病例；案例
in case of...假使……，万一……
in any case无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case如果这样/那样的话，在这种/那种情况下
in no case无论如何不；决不(位于句首，句子要倒装)
in the case of就……来说
as is often the case这是常有的事；情况往往如此
as the case may/might be看情况，视情况而定
8．to one's surprise让/令某人惊讶的是
in surprise吃惊地；在惊慌中
take...by surprise使……惊慌；突袭……
to one's joy/delight (＝to the joy/delight of sb.)令某人高兴的是
to one's sorrow (＝to the sorrow of sb.)令某人悲伤的是
to one's relief (＝to the relief of sb.)令某人欣慰的是
to one's amazement (＝to the amazement of sb.)
令某人吃惊的是
9．be willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事
愿意做某事
10．take a chance(＝take chances)冒险
by chance 碰巧
have/get a chance (to do sth.) 有机会(做某事)
take the chance 抓住机会
take one's chance 碰运气
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
大约一个月前，我正在航行，天快黑的时候，我发现我被一阵强风刮到了海里。
这是一个简单句，由并列连词and连接。I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.属于“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
2．And it was the ship that brought you to England.
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
这是一个简单句，使用了强调句型，“It is/was...that...”，强调了主语the ship。
3．If this is your idea of some kind of joke，I don't think it's very funny.
如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我可一点儿也不觉得好笑。
这是一个主从复合句。If this is your idea of some kind of joke是if引导的条件状语从句，主句是I don't think，后面的it's very funny是省略了that的宾语从句。此处主句I don't think it's very funny用了否定转移。
4．You can't open it until two o'clock.
直到两点你才能打开它。
这是一个简单句。使用了“not...until...”句型，意为“直到……才……”。
5．But now that you are here，I don't have to.
但是，既然你在这儿，我就不必了。
这是一个主从复合句。主句是I don't have to，now that you are here是连词now that引导的原因状语从句。
6．Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there.
然后，他折起钞票，又慢慢地把它展开，就好像看到了什么他不敢相信的东西。
这是一个主从复合句。主句是Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，后面是as if引导的方式状语从句，something he can't believe is there是省略了连接词that的宾语从句，其中又包含了定语从句he can't believe，修饰先行词something。
7．I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
这是一个主从复合句。包含一个宾语从句that never would I hold such a note as this...，该从句是一个倒装句，正常语序为I would never hold such a note as this ...。
8．You would have to wait a long time to get paid.
你得等很长时间才能拿到钱。
这是一个简单句。to get paid是不定式短语作目的状语。写作技巧点拨
——写作要求——
假如你是李雷，你最近刚看了一部影片《傲慢与偏见》(Pride & Prejudice) 2005版，影片中Keira Knightley 饰演女主角伊丽莎白，Matthew Macfadyen 饰演男主角达西。请你给你的朋友Nigel 写一封信谈一谈你对此电影的观后感，并向他推荐该影片。
注意：1.词数：80左右；
2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Nigel，
I'm writing to recommend __________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I'm looking forward to seeing your comments.
Yours,
Li Lei
——思路分析——
题目要求针对2005版的电影《傲慢与偏见》写一篇影评。可按以下思路来组织文章：
1．简单介绍该电影的背景，如拍摄背景、演员，若知道其获奖状况，也可以进行介绍。推荐句式：
The film/The story is based on/adapted from Jane Austen's novel. It stars Keira Knightley as the heroine and Matthew Macfadyen the hero.
2．概括影片的主要故事情节。如伊丽莎白·班纳特姐妹五个住在英国的佐治亚州，年轻、英俊而又富有的宾利先生和达西先生的到来使班纳特一家的生活发生了变化。电影围绕伊丽莎白和达西二人展开。推荐句式：
It is set in Georgian, England in the 19th century.
Elizabeth was prejudiced against Darcy.
After Darcy overcame his pride, and Elizabeth her prejudice, they got together with each other finally.
3．最后发表评论。由于你是推荐影片给朋友，所以评论要是正面的。如男女主角的演技很好、电影里的风景很美等。推荐句式：
Macfadyen is an outstanding/professional actor while Keira is a wonder/jewel.
The scenery, and the backgrounds seem very real and beautiful/splendid/wonderful.
——佳作展示——
Dear Nigel，
I'm writing to recommend to you a film Pride & Prejudice.
The film is based on Jane Austen's novel, and it stars Keira Knightley as the heroine and Matthew Macfadyen the hero. It is set in Georgian, England in the 19th century. For some reasons Elizabeth was prejudiced against Darcy. After a range of interesting troubles, the misunderstanding was finally removed. After Darcy overcame his pride, and Elizabeth her prejudice, they got together with each other finally.
Macfadyen is an outstanding actor while Keira is a jewel. Their excellent acting adds a great deal to the movie. In addition, the scenery, and the backgrounds seem much more real and splendid than the ones in previous versions.
I'm looking forward to seeing your comments.
Yours，
Li Lei
——技巧点拨——
影评的写作
本单元的写作任务是影评。影评是对一部电影的内容、故事、演员的演技、灯光效果等进行评论的文章。
【写作技巧】
1．影评一般包括三部分：电影背景介绍、电影内容简介和评论。
◆背景介绍：在评论之前，作者要让读者了解电影的大致情况。因此，对影片背景的介绍很有必要。背景介绍包括故事背景、演职人员和获奖情况等。
◆内容简介：对影片内容的介绍要简明扼要，清楚地交代故事的进展情况，尤其是与影评相关的内容。这一部分须对故事内容进行客观评价，一般不加入个人观点。影片内容介绍能使读者对故事情节有所了解，为下文的评论打基础。
◆评论：这一部分是写作重点，也是影评的中心部分，评论的内容可以是对剧情编排、人物、场景、服饰等的看法。对我们高中学生来说，可以重点评论某一方面，不必面面俱到。
2．写影评时，要注意介绍与评论相结合，电影内容介绍与评论相对应。
3．结构安排要讲求层次，可以采用整体评论到具体剖析的顺序，也可以采用从点到面的方式。
4．尤其要注意评论的公正性、客观性，不可带有过于浓重的个人感彩，但可适当地发表个人见解。UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Mark Twain (1835－1910), one of the best known American writers in the 19th century, was born in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.
Mark Twain's hometown lay on the banks of the Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood.When he grew up he worked as a pilot on a river boat for some time.Mark Twain is his pen name.He took it from the shout of the sailors measuring the depth of the water when the water was two marks deep on the lead line.
Mark Twain wrote a lot of novels, one of which is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, the masterpiece which brought him fame and honor.Some of his writings have been translated into many languages.He and his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.
开启快乐学习之旅
马克·吐温(1835—1910)生于美国密苏里州。他是美国19世纪著名的作家之一。他的家乡位于密西西比河畔。成年后，他曾在密西西比河的船上当水手。马克·吐温是他的笔名，由水文测量标上“两个刻度(two marks)”而得。
他写过很多小说。其中最著名的是《汤姆·索亚历险记》(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)。他的作品被译成多国文字，深受世界读者喜爱。模块核心素养导航
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking，Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．basis n．基础；根据；基点→base n．基础→basic adj.基础的
2．loan n．贷款；借款
3．plastic n．塑料 adj.塑料制的；塑料的
4．apologise vi.道歉；谢罪→apology n．道歉，致歉
5．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorance n．无知；愚昧→ignorant adj.愚昧的，无知的
6．judge vt.& vi.评价；评判；判断 n．法官；审判员；裁判员→judgement n．看法；判决；判断
7．scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面→scenery n．风景，景色(总称)
8．narrator n．(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员
9．narration n．叙述；讲述；解说
10．bet n．打赌；赌注 vi.&vt.下赌注；用……打赌 vt.敢说
11．servant n．仆人；用人
12．sail vi.& vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→sailor n. 船员；水手
13．spot vt.看见；注意到；发现 n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹
14．dare vi.&modal v．胆敢；敢于
15．sort n．种类；类别
16．patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地
17．indicate vt.&vi.表明；显示 vt.象征；暗示→indication n．象征；迹象
18．beneath adv.& prep.在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下
19．postpone vt.延迟；延期；延缓
20．odd adj.奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．on the basis of在……的基础上；根据……
2．take out a loan取得贷款
3．in return作为回报；作为回应
4．make a bet打个赌
5．as a matter of fact事实上；其实；说真的
6．by accident偶然地；意外地
7．to_be honest说实话；坦率地说
8．ought to应该；应当
9．be about to do sth.即将或正要(做某事)
10．care about关心；在乎；在意
11．show sb. out领某人出去
12．not...until...直到……才……
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
大约一个月前，我正在航行，天快黑的时候，我发现我被一阵强风刮到了海里。
2．And it was the ship that brought you to England.
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
3．If this is your idea of some kind of joke，I don't think it's very funny.
如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我可一点儿也不觉得好笑。
4．You can't open it until two o'clock.
直到两点你才能打开它。
1 basis n．基础；根据；基点
[典型例句]
His research formed the basis of his new book.
他的研究成果是他这本新书的基础。
Their view had no basis in fact.
他们的观点没有事实根据。
[思维拓展]
on the basis of 在……的基础上；根据……
We judge a worker on the basis of his performance.
我们根据工作表现来评价一个工人。
[易混辨析]
basis, base
basis 用来指非物质方面的基础
base 主要用于指物质方面的基础
the economic basis 经济基础(抽象)
the base of a building 建筑物的基础(具体)[即学即练]
We drew this conclusion on the basis of experiments.
2
[典型例句]
I think you should apologise to your brother.
我觉得你应该给你弟弟赔个不是。
We apologise for the late departure of this flight.
本航班起飞延迟，谨致歉意。
I apologised to her for stepping on her foot carelessly.
我因不小心踩了她的脚而向她道歉。
[思维拓展]
apologise to sb. 向某人道歉
apologise for doing sth. 为做了某事道歉
apologise to sb. for doing sth. 为做了某事向某人道歉
apology n. [C]道歉；赔罪
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉
[即学即练]
(1)Bill was apologising to his friend for having kept her waiting for a long time.
比尔因让他的朋友等了很长时间正在道歉呢。
(2)I made my apology to my host and left early.
我向主人道过歉后提早离去。
(3)Please accept my sincere apology.
请接受我真诚的歉意。
3
[典型例句]
My advice was completely ignored.
我的建议完全被忽视了。
I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.
我提了个建议，但他们不予理会。
[思维拓展]
ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/不知道某事物
ignorant adj.无知的；不知道的
be ignorant of/about sth.不知道……
be ignorant that不知某事
ignorance n．无知；愚昧
be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道；对……无知
The workers were kept in complete ignorance of the company's financial situation.
公司对工人隐瞒财务状况，他们对财务的事情一无所知。
I'm afraid I'm rather ignorant about computers.
我恐怕对电脑一无所知。
[即学即练]
(1)She saw him coming but she ignored him.
她看见他走来，但没有理睬他。
(2)He is ignorant of farm life.＝He is in ignorance of farm life.
他对农庄生活一无所知。
4
[典型例句]
You should never judge a person by his look.
绝不要以貌取人。
Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.
从他所说的来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。
[思维拓展]
judge sb./sth.from/by...从……来判断
judge between right and wrong 判断是非
as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为
judging by/from 从……上看，根据……判断
judgement n．判断，审判，意见，判断力
in one's judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法
注意：judging from/by...在句中常作独立状语，不受句子主语的影响和限制，表达的意义是说话人的看法或判断，类似的用法再如generally speaking“一般来说”，frankly speaking“坦率地说”。
[即学即练]
(1)Don't judge a book by its cover.
勿以貌取人。
(2)Judging from/by his accent，he must be a southerner.
根据他的口音判断，他一定是个南方人。
(3)He was judged to be the best actor of this year.
他被评为今年的最佳男演员。
5
[典型例句]
This play has three acts, and each act has three scenes.
这部剧分三幕，每一幕有三场。
She witnessed some very distressing scenes.
她目睹过一些令人非常痛苦的场面。
Would you like to enjoy the scenes in the mountains with me
你愿意与我一起欣赏山区的风光吗？
[思维拓展]
the scene of the crime 犯罪现场
behind the scenes 暗中，秘密地，在幕后
(come) on the scene 出现，到场，在场
set the scene (为……)做好准备，(为……)设置舞台
[易混辨析]
scenery，scene，sight，view
scenery 不可数名词，指某地(总的)自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色
scene 可数名词，指展现在眼前的或某一特定环境中的情景，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内；也可以指现场或戏剧中的一幕
sight 特指眼前看到的景观，多指人工的事物；表示“名胜，风景”时，必须要用复数sights
view 常指从远处或高处看到的景色
[即学即练]
用scenery，scene，view和sight完成语段
Every year，plenty of people go to see the sights of Beijing.This summer vacation my parents also decided to take me there.On the way to Beijing，we stopped our car again and again to enjoy the scenery.After arriving in Beijing，we lived at the 13th floor of a hotel from whose window we had a better view of the city.We did have a good time in Beijing.But on the way back home，we saw the scene of an accident，so my mother and I kept reminding my father to drive with caution.
6
[典型例句]
I've just spotted a mistake on the front cover.
我刚才在封面上发现了一处错误。
There was a big damp spot on the wall.
墙上有一大块水渍。
We ought to find out the views of the people on the spot.
我们应当了解一下在现场的那些人的看法。
[思维拓展]
spot sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
on the spot在现场；当场；立即
in a spot处于困境
be spotted with满是……斑点；点缀着
注意：spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where引导。
[即学即练]
写出下列句中spot的含义
(1)The floor was spotted with paint，which made him embarrassed.弄脏
(2)Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove.斑点；污点
(3)I read through the first page of the book and spotted a spelling mistake.发现
(4)Fortunately，a man made an offer to take him around the different spots.地点；场所
7
[典型例句]
What sort of music do you like best，pop or classical
你喜欢哪种音乐——流行的还是古典的？
We talked of all sorts of subjects.
我们谈了各种话题。
These sorts of people are ready to eat anywhere.
这种人总是走到哪里吃到哪里。
[思维拓展]
sort of有点，在某种程度上(常作状语)
all sorts of＝of all sorts各种各样的
a sort of一种，可以说是……的东西
sort vt.& vi.分类；整理
sort out分类；整理；解决；处理
sort...into把……整理成……
Quickly sort them all out.
快把它们分类拣出来。
I sorted the books into big ones and small ones.
我把这些书整理成大的和小的两类。
We must sort out the good apples from the bad.
咱们得把好苹果拣出来，同坏的分开。
[易混辨析]
sort，kind，type，species
sort 指大体相似的东西，有时用于贬义判断
kind 指同种类的东西
type 指同类型的东西
species 指同物种的东西
[即学即练]
(1)“Long time no see” is sort of informal，but it is part of the language that Americans use daily.
(2)Besides，all sorts (sort) of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses (球场) in good condition.
8
[典型例句]
She has been out of patience with his rudeness.
她已经对他的粗鲁忍无可忍了。
I don't have the patience to do jigsaw puzzles.
我没有耐性玩拼图游戏。
I had no patience with these naughty children.
我对这些淘气的孩子没有耐心了。
[思维拓展]
have the patience to do sth.做某事有耐性
have/lose patience with对……有/失去耐心
with patience＝patiently耐心地
patient adj.耐心的；能忍受的 n．病人
be patient with sb.对某人有耐心
impatient adj.不耐烦的；没有耐心的
impatience n．不耐烦
[即学即练]
一句多译
我耐心地向国际学生解释关于如何泡茶的所有步骤。
(1)I patiently explained all the steps to the international students on how to make tea.(patient)
(2)I explained all the steps to the international students with patience on how to make tea.(patience)
9
[典型例句]
Jo enjoyed feeling the warm sand beneath her feet.
乔很喜欢脚下踩着温暖沙子的感觉。
He was standing on the bridge looking at the river beneath.
他站在桥上，看着下面的河水。
[易混辨析]
beneath, below, under
beneath 表示“在……正下方”，两者接触，与on相对。
below 不强调在正下方，两者不接触，与above相对。
under 强调在正下方，两者不接触，与over相对。
[即学即练]
I could see the muscles of his shoulders beneath his T shirt.
考点集训一
单句语法填空
1．“Small talk is the basis (base) of good manners，” he says.
2．If you are really wrong，you should make an apology to your roommate.
3．I sincerely hope you can accept my (I) apologies and understand me.
4．I owe you an apology for what I said this morning.Anyhow I meant no offence.
5．She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor.
6．Some people always do everything they like，but are in ignorance (ignore) of others' feelings.
7．Most people there received so little education that they were ignorant (ignore) of the law.
8．Judging from her accent，she must be from Sichuan.
9．I'm in favour of his opinion that it is difficult to judge a person only by his look.
10．The rocking boats along the river bank make a beautiful scene.
11．The boy led his mother to the scene of the accident.
12．Moreover，the scenery along the Yangtze River is amazing，with many well known sightseeing spots (spot)．
13．Caught robbing a lady of her necklace，the young man was arrested on the spot by a policeman.
14．There are all sorts of animals，including bears，pigs，kangaroos，and penguins.
15．She is very patient with young children，so she is fit for the job.
16．After waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatient (patient)．
1
[典型例句]
They let us use their computers，and in return we give them the results of our research.
他们让我们使用他们的电脑，作为回报，我们给他们提供我们的研究成果。
[思维拓展]
in return for作为对……的报答
in turn反过来，转而
by turns轮流
[即学即练]
用in return，in return for，in turn，by turns完成句子
(1)What happens in the world makes us happy and sad by _turns.
(2)He gave her some roses in return for her kindness.
(3)He is always helping others without expecting anything in return，which，in turn，makes him a popular man.
2
[典型例句]
We had a bet on the outcome of the next race.
我们就下次比赛的结果打了一个赌。
Oliver made a bet that they would win the football match.
奥利弗打赌他们会赢那场足球赛。
Roderick made a bet on who would win the race.
罗德里克就谁会赢得比赛打了一个赌。
[思维拓展]
bet n. [C]赌；打赌 vi.& vt. 打赌；赌钱；敢说；八成儿
win/lose a bet 赢/输一场赌局
the/your best bet 最好的办法
bet sth. against/on 用……打赌
bet sb. that clause 敢和某人说/打赌说……
Paul bet me 20 pounds that I wouldn't do it.
保罗和我打20英镑的赌，说我不会那么做。
I will bet you that he knows all about it.
我敢和你打赌他了解一切。
[即学即练]
Mozart hears that you are making a bet on whether Susan will marry Bobbie.
3
[典型例句]
As a matter of fact，I was the one who did it.
其实，做这件事的人就是我。
As a matter of fact，he is telling lies.
事实上，他在说谎。
[思维拓展]
“事实上”的不同表达方式：as a matter of fact，in (actual) fact, actually, in reality, to tell (you) the truth, in practice等。
[即学即练]
As a matter of fact，the teachers play an important part in the study and life of the students.
4
[典型例句]
We met by accident at the railway station.
我们在火车站偶然相遇。
[思维拓展]
by accident＝accidentally偶然地，意外地
by mistake错误地；无心地
by chance偶然地，意外地
No doubt this happened by chance，but this chance made me very happy.
毫无疑问这件事的发生是偶然的，但是这个偶然使我觉得非常幸福。
He restored the umbrella he had taken by mistake.
他把拿错了的雨伞放回了原处。
[即学即练]
(1)Could you have given them the wrong drug by mistake
(2)I learn by accident that you have just won first prize in the Robotics Competition held in your institute and have shown great talent in designing robots.
5
[典型例句]
To be honest，I don't think we have a chance of winning.
说实话，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
To be honest，I have no time to do it.
老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。
[思维拓展]
honestly speaking老实说
to tell you the truth说实话，老实说
英语中表示“……说”的短语：
generally speaking一般来说
exactly speaking确切地说
to be frank＝frankly speaking坦率地说
in general一般来说
in other words换句话说
or rather更确切地说
to sum up概括地说
that is 也就是说
注意：to be honest为不定式作独立成分，在句中作插入语。常见的还有to be exact 确切地说；to tell you the truth 老实告诉你；to begin/start with 首先等。
[即学即练]
用表示“……说”的短语完成句子
(1)Generally speaking，women live longer than men.
(2)He got home late last night，or rather early this morning.
(3)To be frank/honest，I don't enjoy the performance.
(4)Honestly speaking,_I hate the student speaking dirty words.
6
[典型例句]
I was about to go out when my mum called me.
我正要外出时，妈妈叫住了我。
There is about to be a huge party in our school.
在我们学校将有一场大型联欢会。
[思维拓展]
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时……
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.
我正要出门，一位不速之客来访了。
I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
我刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.
他正在读报，这时听到有人叫他的名字。
The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。
[易混辨析]
be about to do/be going to do
be about to do 表示“正要，即将做某事”，时间性比较紧迫，常与when连用，但句中不能再加at once, immediately及表示具体时间的状语
be going to do ①表示某人按计划安排将要做某事②表示说话人根据迹象主动推测可能要发生的事，主语一般为物
[即学即练]
(1)He was_sleeping (sleep) when there was a knock at the door.
(2)I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door.
(3)We had just begun to work when the machine broke down.
考点集训二
单句语法填空
1．He gave us a lot of help when we were in trouble，but we have nothing to give him in return.
2．As a matter of fact，many ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets are worth doing.
3．Yesterday I met Tom in the park by accident，where he was walking up and down，apparently anxious about something.
4．To be honest，if you don't stop smoking you cannot be cured of the disease.
5．I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
1 About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
大约一个月前，我正在航行，天快黑的时候，我发现我被一阵强风刮到了海里。
(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句，由并列连词and连接。I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.属于“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
(2)find 复合结构的常见形式：
①find＋名词/代词＋(to be＋)形容词/副词/名词。意为“发现某人/某物……”，to be 常可省略掉。如：
I find this job (to be) very exciting.
我发现这份工作令人兴奋。
She found Jack (to be) an honest man.
她发现杰克是个诚实的人。
②find＋名词/代词＋介宾短语。如：
He found a stranger in the room.
他发现房间里有个陌生人。
③find＋名词/代词＋现在分词。意为“发现某人/某物一直……”，可表示主动和进行。如：
She found a wallet lying on the ground.
她发现地上有一个钱包。
④find＋名词/代词＋过去分词。意为“发现某人/某物被……”，可表示被动和完成。如：
He found his dog hidden in the bush.
他发现他的狗藏在灌木丛中。
⑤find it＋形容词＋to do。it 是形式宾语，代替真正的宾语 to do。如：
We find it hard to learn English grammar.
我们发现学英语语法很难。
[即学即练]
(1)On the way home，he found his pocket picked (pick)．
(2)He hurried to the store，only to find the door closed (close)．
(3)When he came to himself，he found himself lying (lie) in hospital.
2
(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句，使用了强调句型，“It is/was...that...”，强调了主语the ship。
(2)强调句型的基本用法说明：
①基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他
②被强调部分：主语、宾语和大部分状语
③it 和 that/who: it 没有词义；强调任何成分都可用
that, 强调人时还可用who
It is I that/who am wrong.
是我错了。(强调主语I)
It was here that I lost my watch.
我是在这儿丢的手表。(强调地点状语here)
It was yesterday that we attended a concert.
我们是昨天参加的音乐会。(强调时间状语yesterday)
[思维拓展]
强调句型的特殊形式有：
①一般疑问式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？如：
Was it Jim that/who bought the book
买书的是吉姆吗？
②特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他？如：
What is it that he wants to see
他究竟想看到什么？
③not...until 强调式：It is/was not until...＋that＋其他。如：
It was not until yesterday that I knew it.
直到昨天我才知道此事。
[误区警示]
①若被强调部分是主语，that/who 后的谓语应在人称和数上与原句的主语一致。
②强调句型的判断：将句子中的It is/was 和 that/who 去掉，如果剩下的成分仍然能组成一个完整的句子，那么原来的句子就是强调句型，否则就不是。如：
It is when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him.
将It is 和 that 去掉后，得到的句子“When you nearly lose someone you fully realize how much you value him.”在结构和意义上是完整的，说明原句是强调句型。
[即学即练]
(1)It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued.
(2)It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.
3 If this is your idea of some kind of joke，I don't think it's very funny.
如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我可一点儿也不觉得好笑。
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。If this is your idea of some kind of joke是if引导的条件状语从句，主句是I don't think，后面的it's very funny是省略了that的宾语从句。此处主句I don't think it's very funny用了否定转移。
(2)否定转移的常见用法有：
①think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等动词后面的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：
I don't think I can remember the 100 words within two hours.
我想我不能在两小时内记住这100个单词。
I don't suppose that he likes it.
我想他不喜欢它。
②含有否定转移的句子变反意疑问句时有两种情况：若主句主语是第一人称，简短问句的主语和谓语应与宾语从句的主语和谓语分别保持一致；若主句主语不是第一人称，简短问句的主语和谓语应与主句的主语和谓语分别保持一致。切记，简短问句的谓语一律用肯定式。如：
I don't think (that) he is interested in that thing, is he
我认为他对那件事不感兴趣，是吗？
You don't imagine he passed the exam，do you
你认为他没有通过考试，是吗？
[即学即练]
I don't think anyone can finish the experiment，can _they
4
(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。使用了“not...until...”句型，意为“直到……才……”。
(2)not...until...的用法
①基本结构：否定结构的主句＋until＋名词(短语)/从句，意为“直到……才……”。当主句为否定句时，主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。
He won't go to bed until she returns.
直到她回来他才会去睡觉。
②强调句结构：It is/was not until...＋that＋剩余部分。
It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
③倒装句结构：Not until＋名词(短语)/从句＋倒装主句。
Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
[即学即练]
(1)It was not until he was twenty that he began to learn English.
(2)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday abroad.
考点集训三
单句语法填空
1．When he arrived，he found all the work already finished (finish)．
2．One early morning，I went into the living room to find my mother reading (read) a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again.
3．It was in the factory that I first met John.
4．It was not until two days ago that I received his invitation.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The basis (根据) of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.
2．This may have influenced your bank manager's decision not to give you a loan (贷款)．
3．The burning plastic (塑料) gave off poisonous gas，which is harmful to our health.
4．If you're late，you should apologise (道歉) to the host either immediately or later.
5．He ignored (忽视) the neighbor's request that he should make less noise at night.
6．In an English speech competition，you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges (裁判员) how you understand it.
7．A medical team rushed to the scene (现场) of the disaster where hospitals were in need of doctors and nurses.
8．“Do you have any clothes to be washed？” the servant(仆人) asked.
9．I shall get myself a little boat and sail (航行) her around the world.
10．I warn you; I'm beginning to lose my patience (耐心) with you.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The issue of countryside development has been raised on the basis of this.
2．Li Gang was required to apologise to the people present at the meeting for what he had done.
3．I wanted to have a word with her，but she ignored (ignore) me and went away.
4．Judging (judge) from the way he laughed as he told it，it was meant to be humorous.
5．Our reporter was the first person on the scene.
6．When the man was trying to break into the bank，he was caught by the police on the spot.
7．In some cases，what you should do is listen patiently (patient) when someone is speaking，even if you have anything important to say.
8．He is always helping others without expecting anything in return.
9．It was in this small town that I met him by chance.
10．To be honest，the lifestyle of the old is different from that of the young.
