专题08
定语从句
易错题【01】关系副词引导的定语从句
易错题【02】关系代词whose引导的定语从句
01
关系副词引导的定语从句
（2020·新课标I卷，语法填空，1.5分）Because
the
moon’s
body
blocks
direct
radio
communication
with
a
probe,
China
first
had
to
put
a
satellite
in
orbit
above
the
moon
in
a
spot
___63___
it
could
send
signals
to
the
spacecraft
and
to
Earth.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是不清楚什么时候用关系副词引导定语从句。
【问诊】句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a
spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。
【答案】where
【叮嘱】
先行词
关系
副词
在从句中
的作用
与“介词＋关系
代词”的关系
表示时间的名词：time，day，year等
when
作时间状语
＝at/in/on/
during
which
表示场所的名词：park，place，country，house等
where
作地点状语
＝in/at/to/on
which
表示理由的名词：the
reason
why
作原因状语
＝for
which
(1)先行词为有地点含义的抽象名词point，position，situation,
stage,
state,
case,
scene，spot
等后也常用where引导定语从句。
He
said
if
we
ever
got
to
the
point
where
we
needed
to
use
life
jackets,
he
would
have
already
died
of
terror.
他说假定我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。
(2)the
reason作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。
The
boss
doesn't
want
to
hear
any
reason
(that/which)
you
might
give.
老板不想听你所提出的任何理由。
1.【2019·江苏卷】We
have
entered
into
an
age
_______
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
when
D.
that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an
age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。
故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷】Their
child
is
at
the
stage__________
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
which
D.
what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the
stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
（翻译）我出生在美国最大的城市纽约。
I
was
born
in
New
York,
where
is
the
biggest
city
of
America.(×)
I
was
born
in
New
York,
which
is
the
biggest
city
of
America.(√)
02
关系代词whose引导的定语从句
（2020年新课标全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空，1.5分）In
ancient
China
lived
an
artist
61
paintings
were
almost
lifelike.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是不记得关系词whose
。
【问诊】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。
【答案】whose
【叮嘱】
关系代词指代的对象及其作用
关系代词
指代对象
在从句中的作用
who
人
作主语、宾语、表语
whom
人
作宾语
which
事物
作主语、宾语
that
人或事物
作主语、宾语、表语
whose
人或事物
作定语
as
人或事物，一般用于“such
...
as”
“the
same
...
as”
“as
...
as”结构中
作主语、宾语、表语
1.
（2020·江苏卷）Many
lessons
are
now
available
online,
from
__________
students
can
choose
for
free.
A.
whose
B.
which
C.
when
D.
whom
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many
lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
2.
（2020·天津卷）Dr.
Rowan,
__________
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.
A.
whose
B.
of
whom
C.
of
which
D.
which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr.
Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr.
Rowan’s
”，表示“……的”
，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。
错
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1．The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
__where__his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
解析：本句中定语从句“his
employees
enjoy
their
work”不缺主宾表，先行词为atmosphere，表示“气氛，氛围”。将“in＋先行词atmosphere”还原回从句中成立，因此答案为where。
2．As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family，Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time
__when__he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
解析：分析结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为time。定语从句为空格后句子，缺少时间状语，用when引导。句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他应该能独立的时候。
3.
Some
experts
think
reading
is
the
fundamental
skill
upon
__which__
school
education
depends.
解析：本句为定语从句。引导词在定语从句中位于介词upon的后面作宾语，故用关系代词且指代先行词the
fundamental
skill，因此用which。
4．It
is
a
truly
delightful
place,
__which__
looks
the
same
as
it
must
have
done
100
years
ago
with
its
winding
streets
and
pretty
cottages.
解析：此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，定语从句中缺主语，故用关系代词which。句意：这真是一个宜人的地方，这里蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。
5．The
books
on
the
desk，__whose__covers
are
shiny，are
prizes
for
us.
解析：此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为the
books，________和covers之间存在所有关系，意为“书的封面”。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。根据语境填whose。
6．He
wrote
many
children's
books，nearly
half
of
__which__
were
published
in
the
1990s.
解析：此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是children's
books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故填which。句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，差不多一半左右是在20世纪90年代出版的。
7．Nowadays，school
violence
is
a
hot
issue.
I
think
this
is
a
phenomenon，__which__calls
for
our
great
concern.
解析：句意：目前，学校暴力是个热点问题。我认为这是一个需要我们极大的关注的现象。从句子结构分析可以看出，空白后面句子是一个非限制性定语从句，对前面句子进行补充说明。
8．The
number
of
smokers，__as__is
reported，has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
解析：此句为as引导的非限制性定语从句。as意为“正如，正像”，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语；as在这里代替整个主句的内容；“as
is
reported”意为“正如被报道的那样”。句意：正如被报道的那样，烟民的数量在仅仅一年的时间就下降了17%。
9．Some
passers－by
witnessed
the
car
accident
__where__
five
passengers
were
killed,
a
baby
included.
解析：句意为：一些路人目睹了这场事故，其中有五位乘客丧生包括一个婴儿。设空处引导定语从句，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
10．“Spit－take”?refers
to
an
act
__where__
someone
spits
liquid
out
of
his
or
her
mouth
when
he
or
she
hears
something
funny
or
surprising.
解析：句意为：“笑喷”是指一种行为：某人在听到有趣的或吃惊的事情后从嘴中喷出液体。设空处引导定语从句修饰act，引导词在从句中作地点状语，因此用where引导。
11．Cultural
shock
is
a
feeling
__which/that__most
travelers
experience
in
a
foreign
country
__where__
they
find
the
culture
is
quite
different
from
that
of
their
own.
解析：句意为：文化冲击是一种大多数游客在外国会经历的感觉，在那里他们会感觉外国的文化和自己的(文化)有很大的不同。分析句子成分可知，两空均引导定语从句，第一空的先行词为a
feeling，且在从句中作experience的宾语，因此用which/that引导；第二空的先行词为a
foreign
country，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
12．Tibet
is
such
a
place
__as__
all
the
people
across
the
world
are
dreaming
of
visiting.
解析：句意为：西藏是一个全世界所有的人都梦想游览的地方。定语从句的先行词为a
place，其前有such修饰，引导词应用关系代词as。
13．Dad
decided
to
build
a
small
tool
room
with
a
lock,
__where__
he
would
keep
his
best
tools
so
my
brother
couldn't
reach
them.
解析：句意为：父亲决定建一个带锁的小工具室，把他最好的工具放到里面，这样我弟弟就不会拿到它们了。设空处引导定语从句；修饰先行词a
small
tool
room，并在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。
14．In
2014,
such
important
reform
policies
associated
with
the
interests
of
the
general
public
were
introduced
in
China
__as__
almost
each
person
could
benefit
from
in
life.
解析：句意为：在2014年，关系到公众利益的重要的改革政策被引进到中国，几乎每一个人都能从中受益。先行词policies前有such修饰，且引导词作介词from的宾语，因此用as引导。
15．We
expect
you
to
become
someone
of
__whom__
we'll
feel
very
proud
in
the
future.
解析：句意为：我们希望你将来能成为我们会为之骄傲的人。feel
proud
of意为“为……感到自豪”，引导词置于介词of后作宾语，且先行词为someone，指人，故填whom。
16．The
movie?Pompeii?came
out
this
February,
__which__
many
people
think
brings
a
touching
love
story
to
the
audience.
解析：句意为：电影《庞贝末日》在今年二月上映，许多人认为它为观众带来了一个令人感动的爱情故事。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the
movie?Pompeii，many
people
think为插入语，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。
17．Anyone
__who__
upgrades
their
professional
knowledge
to
a
new
level
can
apply
for
these
courses.
解析：句意为：任何将专业知识更新到一个新水平的人都可以申请这些课程。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone，且在定语从句中作主语，一般不用that，故用who引导。
18．Then
he
waved
his
hand
in
?the
direction
from
__which__
the
woman
had
called.
解析：句意为：接着他向传来喊叫声的那位女士的方向挥手。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词direction，且在从句中作介词from的宾语，故填which。
19．Will
you
think
of
those
individuals__who/that__
have
helped
you
get
through
difficulty
when
you
are
leading
a
comfortable
life?
解析：句意为：在你生活舒适时你会想起那些帮你度过艰难时光的人吗？该定语从句缺少主语，先行词为指人的individuals，故填who或that。
20．On
an
autumn
afternoon,
we
were
?sent
to
a
farm
__where__
we
learnt
to
plant
potatoes.
解析：句意为：在一个秋天的下午，我们被送到一个农场，在那里我们学习了种植土豆。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a
farm，且在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There
was
a
time
__1.
when__
I
was
tired
of
learning
English
and
disliked
to
speak
English.
And
this
is
the
reason
__2.
why__
my
father
forced
me
to
join
in
a
30－day
training
in
an
English
club
before
I
went
to
senior
high
school.
When
I
first
came
to
the
club,
__3.
where__
I
met
many
strangers,
I
missed
my
parents
very
much.
So
I
packed
up
my
things
and
wanted
to
go
home.
Fortunately,
my
guide
__4.
whose__
teacher
was
Li
Yang,
communicated
with
me
face
to
face,
from
__5.
whom__
I
gained
some
useful
instructions.
He
also
showed
me
a
good
partner,
and
we
got
along
well
with
each
other.
Gradually
I
adapted
to
the
life
there.
Every
day
I
would
like
to
talk
to
other
teenagers
and
set
down
a
series
of
activities
__6.
that/which__
we
did.
My
father
and
the
guide
__7.
who/that__
encouraged
me
to
fall
in
love
with
English
should
be
appreciated.
Now
I
feel
it
interesting
to
learn
English,
into
__8.
which__
I
put
my
entire
energy.
Every
day
I
will
read
my
words
and
passages
aloud.
In
class
I
will
join
in
English
discussions.
Before
I
go
to
sleep,
I
will
recall
my
passages,
through
__9.
which__
I
can
memorize
a
large
number
of
new
words.
__10.
As__
our
English
teacher
says,
“As
long
as
we
form
the
habit
of
learning
English
every
day
and
have
perseverance,
we
will
conquer
English
sooner
or
later.”
Ⅲ.
单句改错
1．Jim
passed
the
driving
test,
it
surprised
everybody
in
the
office.
答案与解析：it→which 由逗号可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少指代前面这个句子内容的主语，所以要用which。it无连接作用，不引导定语从句。
2．It
is
such
a
big
stone
that
nobody
can
lift.
答案与解析：that→as或在lift后加it 把该句看成so...that...结构，可以在lift后加it，把that引导的结果状语从句补充完整。该句也可以看成一个定语从句，此时，先行词stone前有such，所以定语从句的引导词用as，as在从句中充当lift的宾语。故也可以把that改为as。
3．Which
is
mentioned
above,
our
school
still
calls
for
many
good
teachers.
答案与解析：Which→As as和which引导非限制性定语从句且指代整句话时的区别。as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，都可以指代整个一句话。
as从句位置比较灵活，置前、置中或置后都可以，而which只能放在主句后面。其次，如果从句意思是“正如……，正像……”时，就用as。如果从句意思是“这一点，这”时，就用which。总之，位置记住，意思分清。
4．Have
you
noticed
that
small
house,
its
roof
is
red?
答案与解析：its→whose 由逗号可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句。所以用whose代替its，its无连接作用，不引导定语从句。
5．Tomb－Sweeping
Day
is
one
of
China's
traditional
festivals,
in
which
people
hold
memorial
activities
in
memory
of
the
dead.
答案与解析：in→on “介词＋关系代词”的定语从句中的介词由先行词决定。on
Tomb－Sweeping
Day在清明节。
6．Believe
it
or
not,
I
don't
like
the
way
which
he
spoke
to
me.
答案与解析：which→that/删去which/which前加in 先行词是way，定语从句中缺状语时，定语从句引导词可以是that/in
which或者不加关系词。
7．Henry
Royce
did
not
like
his
car,
that
ran
badly
and
often
broke
down.
答案与解析：that→which 逗号后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代先行词car，故用which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
8．Are
you
facing
a
situation
where
looks
impossible
to
fix?
答案与解析：where→which/that situation后是一个定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故用which/that。
9．She
is
a
very
nice
girl
whom
has
a
dream
of
becoming
an
actress.
答案与解析：whom→who/that girl后是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故应该用who/that。whom是宾格，只能作宾语。
10．The
dishes
what
I
cooked
were
Mom's
favorite.
答案与解析：what→which/that或删去what dishes后是定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，故用which/that或删去what。what不引导定语从句。专题08
定语从句
易错题【01】关系副词引导的定语从句
易错题【02】关系代词whose引导的定语从句
01
关系副词引导的定语从句
（2020·新课标I卷，语法填空，1.5分）Because
the
moon’s
body
blocks
direct
radio
communication
with
a
probe,
China
first
had
to
put
a
satellite
in
orbit
above
the
moon
in
a
spot
___63___
it
could
send
signals
to
the
spacecraft
and
to
Earth.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是不清楚什么时候用关系副词引导定语从句。
【问诊】句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a
spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。
【答案】where
【叮嘱】
先行词
关系
副词
在从句中
的作用
与“介词＋关系
代词”的关系
表示时间的名词：time，day，year等
when
作时间状语
＝at/in/on/
during
which
表示场所的名词：park，place，country，house等
where
作地点状语
＝in/at/to/on
which
表示理由的名词：the
reason
why
作原因状语
＝for
which
(1)先行词为有地点含义的抽象名词point，position，situation,
stage,
state,
case,
scene，spot
等后也常用where引导定语从句。
He
said
if
we
ever
got
to
the
point
where
we
needed
to
use
life
jackets,
he
would
have
already
died
of
terror.
他说假定我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。
(2)the
reason作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。
The
boss
doesn't
want
to
hear
any
reason
(that/which)
you
might
give.
老板不想听你所提出的任何理由。
1.【2019·江苏卷】We
have
entered
into
an
age
_______
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
when
D.
that
2.【2019·天津卷】Their
child
is
at
the
stage__________
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
which
D.
what
（翻译）我出生在美国最大的城市纽约。
02
关系代词whose引导的定语从句
（2020年新课标全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空，1.5分）In
ancient
China
lived
an
artist
61
paintings
were
almost
lifelike.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是不记得关系词whose
。
【问诊】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。
【答案】whose
【叮嘱】
关系代词指代的对象及其作用
关系代词
指代对象
在从句中的作用
who
人
作主语、宾语、表语
whom
人
作宾语
which
事物
作主语、宾语
that
人或事物
作主语、宾语、表语
whose
人或事物
作定语
as
人或事物，一般用于“such
...
as”
“the
same
...
as”
“as
...
as”结构中
作主语、宾语、表语
1.
（2020·江苏卷）Many
lessons
are
now
available
online,
from
__________
students
can
choose
for
free.
A.
whose
B.
which
C.
when
D.
whom
2.
（2020·天津卷）Dr.
Rowan,
__________
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.
A.
whose
B.
of
whom
C.
of
which
D.
which
错
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1．The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
__________
his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
2．As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family，Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time
__________he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
3.
Some
experts
think
reading
is
the
fundamental
skill
upon
__________
school
education
depends.
4．It
is
a
truly
delightful
place,
__________
looks
the
same
as
it
must
have
done
100
years
ago
with
its
winding
streets
and
pretty
cottages.
5．The
books
on
the
desk，__________covers
are
shiny，are
prizes
for
us.
6．He
wrote
many
children's
books，nearly
half
of
__________were
published
in
the
1990s.
7．Nowadays，school
violence
is
a
hot
issue.
I
think
this
is
a
phenomenon，__________
calls
for
our
great
concern.
8．The
number
of
smokers，__________
is
reported，has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
9．Some
passers－by
witnessed
the
car
accident
__________
five
passengers
were
killed,
a
baby
included.
10．“Spit－take”?refers
to
an
act
__________
someone
spits
liquid
out
of
his
or
her
mouth
when
he
or
she
hears
something
funny
or
surprising.
11．Cultural
shock
is
a
feeling
__________most
travelers
experience
in
a
foreign
country
__________they
find
the
culture
is
quite
different
from
that
of
their
own.
12．Tibet
is
such
a
place__________
all
the
people
across
the
world
are
dreaming
of
visiting.
13．Dad
decided
to
build
a
small
tool
room
with
a
lock,
__________
he
would
keep
his
best
tools
so
my
brother
couldn't
reach
them.
14．In
2014,
such
important
reform
policies
associated
with
the
interests
of
the
general
public
were
introduced
in
China__________
almost
each
person
could
benefit
from
in
life.
15．We
expect
you
to
become
someone
of__________we'll
feel
very
proud
in
the
future.
16．The
movie?Pompeii?came
out
this
February,
__________
many
people
think
brings
a
touching
love
story
to
the
audience.
17．Anyone
__________
upgrades
their
professional
knowledge
to
a
new
level
can
apply
for
these
courses.
18．Then
he
waved
his
hand
in
?the
direction
from
__________
the
woman
had
called.
19．Will
you
think
of
those
individuals__________
have
helped
you
get
through
difficulty
when
you
are
leading
a
comfortable
life?
20．On
an
autumn
afternoon,
we
were
?sent
to
a
farm__________
we
learnt
to
plant
potatoes.
Ⅱ.
语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There
was
a
time
__1.___________
I
was
tired
of
learning
English
and
disliked
to
speak
English.
And
this
is
the
reason
__2.
____________
my
father
forced
me
to
join
in
a
30－day
training
in
an
English
club
before
I
went
to
senior
high
school.
When
I
first
came
to
the
club,
__3.____________
I
met
many
strangers,
I
missed
my
parents
very
much.
So
I
packed
up
my
things
and
wanted
to
go
home.
Fortunately,
my
guide
__4.
______
teacher
was
Li
Yang,
communicated
with
me
face
to
face,
from
__5.
I
gained
some
useful
instructions.
He
also
showed
me
a
good
partner,
and
we
got
along
well
with
each
other.
Gradually
I
adapted
to
the
life
there.
Every
day
I
would
like
to
talk
to
other
teenagers
and
set
down
a
series
of
activities
__6.
__
we
did.
My
father
and
the
guide
__7.
__________
encouraged
me
to
fall
in
love
with
English
should
be
appreciated.
Now
I
feel
it
interesting
to
learn
English,
into
__8.
___________
I
put
my
entire
energy.
Every
day
I
will
read
my
words
and
passages
aloud.
In
class
I
will
join
in
English
discussions.
Before
I
go
to
sleep,
I
will
recall
my
passages,
through
__9.____________
I
can
memorize
a
large
number
of
new
words.
__10.
_
our
English
teacher
says,
“As
long
as
we
form
the
habit
of
learning
English
every
day
and
have
perseverance,
we
will
conquer
English
sooner
or
later.”
Ⅲ.
单句改错
1．Jim
passed
the
driving
test,
it
surprised
everybody
in
the
office.
2．It
is
such
a
big
stone
that
nobody
can
lift.
3．Which
is
mentioned
above,
our
school
still
calls
for
many
good
teachers.
4．Have
you
noticed
that
small
house,
its
roof
is
red?
5．Tomb－Sweeping
Day
is
one
of
China's
traditional
festivals,
in
which
people
hold
memorial
activities
in
memory
of
the
dead.
6．Believe
it
or
not,
I
don't
like
the
way
which
he
spoke
to
me.
7．Henry
Royce
did
not
like
his
car,
that
ran
badly
and
often
broke
down.
8．Are
you
facing
a
situation
where
looks
impossible
to
fix?
9．She
is
a
very
nice
girl
whom
has
a
dream
of
becoming
an
actress.
10．The
dishes
what
I
cooked
were
Mom's
favorite.
