主谓一致(Ⅱ)
一、数量概念作主语时的主谓一致
[观察例句]
1．Five
minutes
isn't
enough
to
finish
this
work.
2．Most
of
the
workers
are
against
the
plan.
3．A
number
of
students
have
made
up
their
minds
to
take
part
in
after?school
activities.
4．The
number
of
students
who
have
made
up
their
minds
to
take
part
in
after?school
activities
is
120.
[归纳用法]
1．表示时间、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
2．some，most，rest及分数、百分数等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据some等所代替的名词而定。
3．“a
number
of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但是，“the
number
of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①Many
people
say
1，000
dollars
is(be)a
lot
of
money.
②About
70
per
cent
of
the
earth's
surface
is
covered(cover)with
water.
③The
number
of
the
students
in
middle
school
is
(be)increasing
year
by
year.
④The
rest
of
the
girls
are
(be)fond
of
music.
二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致
[观察例句]
1．Each
of
the
books
is
worth
reading.
2．Both
of
the
sisters
are
interested
in
medicine.
3．All
are
present
at
the
meeting
today.
4．All
of
the
information
is
very
important.
5．None
of
them
is/are
aware
of
the
danger.
[归纳用法]
1．either，each，little，much等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
2．both，few，many，several等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
3．all指可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；若指不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
4．none指可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可；若指不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①Since
everyone
is
(be)here，let's
begin
our
meeting.
②None
of
the
tasks
has/have(have)been
finished
so
far.
③All
are(be)willing
to
reach
an
agreement.
三、其他情况作主语时的主谓一致
[观察例句]
1．To
read
English
aloud
every
morning
is
of
great
benefit
to
your
English
study.
2．Staring
at
someone
in
public
is
impolite.
3．What
he
said
has
been
recorded.
4．What
we
badly
need
are
good
teachers.
5．There
is
a
table
and
four
chairs
in
the
room.
6．Mr.Smith，who
is
now
downstairs，is
asking
to
see
you.
7．The
injured
of
this
accident
are
being
taken
good
care
of
in
hospital
now.
[归纳用法]
1．单个动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
2．当what引导的主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语动词用复数。
3．there
be句型中，be动词的单复数与最靠近它的主语一致。
4．定语从句中关系代词作主语，谓语动词与先行词一致。
5．the＋adj.指一类人谓语动词用复数。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①What
I
say
and
think
are(be)none
of
your
business.
②There
is(be)an
old
temple
and
some
ancient
trees
on
the
top
of
the
mountain.
③Having
a
balanced
diet
in
our
daily
life
is(be)good
to
us
all.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I，who
am(be)your
close
friend，will
try
my
best
to
help
you
out
of
trouble.
2．Few
of
his
family
are(be)in
support
of
him，which
makes
him
very
sad.
3．Listening
to
music
makes(make)me
relaxed
after
a
busy
day.
4．The
number
of
students
in
that
school
has(have)greatly
increased
in
recent
years.
5．It
is
said
that
everybody
is(be)going
to
take
part
in
the
game
this
afternoon.
6．The
rich
are(be)not
always
happier
than
the
poor.
7．The
factory
used
65
per
cent
of
the
raw
materials，the
rest
of
which
were(be)saved
for
other
purposes.
8．Fifty
dollars
is(be)too
expensive
for
the
pen
and
you
should
think
about
it
carefully.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．About
three?fourths
of
the
surface
of
the
earth
is
water．
地球表面大约3/4是水。
2．About
50
per
cent
of
the
students
in
our
school
are
girls．
我们学校大约50%的学生是女生。
3．Since
everyone
is
here，let's
begin
our
meeting.
既然大家都到了，我们开始开会吧。
4．None
of
the
information
about
him
has
been
received．
关于他的消息一点儿也没收到。
5．How
to
solve
the
problem
is
to
be
discussed
at
the
meeting.
如何解决这个问题将在会上讨论。
6．A
number
of
students
are
from
the
south．
不少学生来自南方。
1Ⅰ.匹配词义
( )1.artificial
A．adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
( )2.victim
B．adj.人造的，人工的
( )3.capacity
C．n.受害者
( )4.immoral
D．n.能力，才能
[答案] 1－4 BCDA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．assistant
n.
助手，助理
2．potentially
adv.
潜在地
3．analyse
v.
分析
4．illegal
adj.
非法的，违法的
Ⅰ.语境填空
artificial，assistants，victims，potentially，immoral，analyse，illegal，capacity
1．The
shop
assistants
sell
goods
from
door
to
door
for
the
convenience
of
the
masses.
2．The
new
dam
will
form
a
large
artificial
lake
behind
it.
3．It's
believed
the
affair
was
potentially
harmful
to
the
film
industry.
4．Most
of
the
victims
were
shot
in
the
back
while
trying
to
run
away.
5．Bread
factories
are
working
at
full
capacity．
6．The
coach
tried
to
analyse
the
cause
of
our
defeat.
7．The
doctor
was
struck
off
because
of
his
immoral
behaviour.
8．It
was
an
illegal
act
and
will
lead
to
your
arrest.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．I'll
ask
my
personal
assistant(assist)to
deal
with
this
problem.
2．Potentially(potential)high
financial
rewards
are
attached
to
senior
hospital
posts.
3．Motivation
to
learn
must
come
from
the
child;
it
cannot
be
artificially(artificial)imposed.
4．A
victimless(victim)crime
is
one
in
which
nobody
seems
to
suffer
or
be
harmed.
5．He
never
does
anything
that
is
illegal(legal).
6．It
is
my
belief
that
nuclear
weapons
are
immoral(moral).
1．In
the
words
of
Professor
Stephen
Hawking，artificial
intelligence
will
be
“either
the
best，or
the
worst
thing，ever
to
happen
to
humanity”．
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话来说，人工智能“要么是人类历史上最好的事物，要么就是最糟糕的事物”。
2．It
used
to
feel
like
50
per
cent
of
my
time
was
spent
researching
new
restaurants.
我过去常常感觉好像自己有50%的时间都花在了寻找新餐馆上。
3．The
only
thing
is
that
there
might
be
a
few
machine?learning
problems
when
the
first
cars
hit
the
market，so
perhaps
I'd
better
learn
to
drive
first.
唯一的问题是，当第一批车上市时，学习自动驾驶技术可能会出现一些短期的问题，所以我最好先学会开车。
4．We
could
be
seen
as
a“small”inconvenience
that's
in
the
way
of
a
solution
to
a
bigger
problem.
我们可能被看作是一个“小小的”不便，它妨碍了更大问题的解决。
5．As
it
is，almost
50
per
cent
of
US
jobs
are
at
risk
from
automation
in
the
next
20
years.
照现状看，未来20年美国近50%的就业岗位将面临来自自动化的风险。
名师圈点
①Artificial
Intelligence人工智能
②humanity
n．人类
③thoughts
on有关……的想法
④so
far迄今为止
⑤thanks
to多亏，由于
⑥super?smart
personal
assistant超级智能个人助理
⑦learn
more
about
my
preferences更多地了解我的偏好
⑧used
to
do...过去常常做某事
⑨in
contrast相比之下
⑩speak
of
hanging
out说到闲逛
?take
driving
lessons
学习驾驶
?make
judgements
based
on根据……做出判断
?be
susceptible
to易受……的影响
?human
error人为失误
?hit
the
market上市
?on
the
whole
总体而言
?think
independently
独立思考
?without
programming没有编程
?a
more
advanced
form
of
AI一种更高级的人工智能形式
?(be)capable
of
doing...能够做某事
think
about
the
risks考虑这些风险
after
all毕竟
be
seen
as被看作
a
solution
to
a
bigger
problem解决更大问题的方法
keep
around留下来
if
not如果不这样的话
wipe
us
all
out把我们都消灭
what
about……怎么样
among
the
first
victims
在第一批受害者中
be
potentially
at
risk存在潜在的风险
in
the
long
run从长远来看
be
replaced
with
被……所取代
as
it
is事实上
automation
n.
自动化
be
prepared
for
为……做好准备
lie
in在于
capacity
n．能力
analyse
and
interpret
vast
amounts
of
data
分析和解释大量的数据
be
challenging
for
对……有挑战
leap
n．跳跃
go
wrong出错
fall
into
the
wrong
hands落入坏人之手
go
away离开
have
no
choice
but
to
do...别无选择只有做某事
regulate
v．控制，管理
agree
on就……达成一致
illegal
or
immoral
behaviour违法或不道德行为
原文呈现
Artificial
Intelligence①：A
REAL
THREAT?
In
the
words
of
Professor
Stephen
Hawking，artificial
intelligence
will
be“either
the
best，or
the
worst
thing，ever
to
happen
to
humanity②”．Technology
of
Tomorrow
Forum
wants
to
hear
your
thoughts
on③
AI.Is
it
our
greatest
human
achievement
so
far④？Or
is
it
the
biggest
threat
to
our
existence？
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks
to⑤
AI，I've
got
my
own
super?smart
personal
assistant⑥
built
into
my
phone.She
always
has
an
immediate
answer
for
any
question
I
put
to
her(1)，and
even
uses
my
answers
to
learn
more
about
my
preferences⑦.It
used
to⑧
feel
like
50
per
cent
of
my
time
was
spent
researching
new
restaurants(2).In
contrast⑨，my
PA
only
needs
a
few
seconds
to
find
the
right
place.Every
recommendation
she
gives
me
is
great
since
she
can
predict
if
I
will
like
a
particular
restaurant.(3)
(1)省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词any
question。
(2)省略引导词的宾语从句。
(3)句中she
gives
me为定语从句，修饰先行词recommendation，since引导原因状语从句，其中if引导宾语从句。
And
speaking
of
hanging
out⑩，I'm
hoping
that
self?driving
cars
are
available
soon(4).I've
been
taking
driving
lessons?
for
over
a
year，and
still
haven't
got
my
licence.Self?driving
cars
can
learn
to
drive
in
the
same
way
that
we
do(5)，and
can
make
judgements
based
on?
information.And
as
they
won't
be
susceptible
to?
human
error?(6)，they'll
certainly
be
a
lot
safer.The
only
thing
is
that
there
might
be
a
few
machine?learning
problems
when
the
first
cars
hit
the
market?，so
perhaps
I'd
better
learn
to
drive
first.(7)Still，I
do
think
that
developments
in
AI
will
on
the
whole?
make
doing
day?to?day
things
a
lot
easier(8).
(4)that引导宾语从句。
(5)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词way。
(6)as引导原因状语从句。
(7)句中that引导表语从句，when...the
market为时间状语从句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句。
(8)that引导宾语从句。
Popkid
The
technology
you're
using
and
enjoying
today
is
a
basic
form
of
AI
which
can't
think
independently?
without
programming?.(9)Of
course，it
could
be
very
useful
to
have
a
more
advanced
form
of
AI?—
a
truly
independent
form
of
artificial
intelligence，capable
of?exercising
its
own
judgement，could
help
us
solve
many
of
the
world's
problems.But
have
you
ever
thought
about
the
risks？After
all，why
would
an
independent
form
of
AI
need
to
consider
the
opinions
and
desires
of
humans?
We
could
be
seen
as
a“small”inconvenience
that's
in
the
way
of
a
solution
to
a
bigger
problem(10).If
we're
lucky(11)，AI
might
think
we're
valuable
enough
to
keep
around.If
not，it
might
wipe
us
all
out！
(9)句中you're...today为定语从句，修饰先行词technology，which引导另外一个定语从句，修饰先行词AI。
(10)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词inconvenience。
(11)if引导条件状语从句。
Even
if
that
doesn't
happen(12)，there
are
other
risks.Millenniumbutterfly，you
say
how
great
it
would
be
to
have
self?driving
cars，but
what
about
all
the
taxi
drivers
who
would
lose
their
jobs？(13)They
would
just
be
among
the
first
victims
of
AI.Nearly
every
job
is
potentially
at
risk
in
the
long
run.Even
journalists
are
now
being
replaced
with
technology
that
can
write
basic
news
reports(14).As
it
is，almost
50
per
cent
of
US
jobs
are
at
risk
from
automation
in
the
next
20
years.
The
truth
is
that
none
of
us
is
prepared
for
the
challenges
of
AI(15).
(12)even
if引导让步状语从句。
(13)句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中how引导宾语从句，第二个分句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词drivers。
(14)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词technology。
(15)that引导表语从句。
Pink__haze
Machine
learning
is
something
we
have
come
to
accept
as
a
part
of
our
modern
world(16).I
believe
most
of
the
value
of
AI
lies
in
its
capacity
to
analyse
and
interpret
vast
amounts
of
data，which
means
it
can
even
solve
problems
that
are
too
challenging
for
human
experts．(17)
(16)省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词something。
(17)I
believe后是省略that的宾语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，其中means后也是省略that的宾语从句，其中还有一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词problems。
But
while
super?intelligent
AI
could
be
the
biggest
leap
forward
in
human
history，if
it
goes
wrong
or
falls
into
the
wrong
hands，it
could
also
be
the
most
dangerous.(18)However，AI
is
not
going
to
go
away.We
have
no
choice
but
to
embrace
it
and
regulate
it.One
thing
I
think
we
all
agree
on，though，is
that
saying“My
AI
did
it！”won't
be
any
excuse
for
illegal
or
immoral
behaviour！
(19)
(18)句中while引导让步状语从句，if引导条件状语从句。
(19)句中I
think
we
all
agree
on为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词thing，that引导表语从句，其中saying“My
AI
did
it！”为表语从句的主语。
译文参考
人工智能：真正的威胁？
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话来说，人工智能“要么是人类历史上最好的事物，要么就是最糟糕的事物”。明天科技论坛想听听你对人工智能的想法。这是我们人类迄今为止最伟大的成就吗？
还是我们生存的最大威胁？
千禧蝶
多亏了人工智能，我的手机里安装了我自己的超级智能个人助理。我向她提出任何问题，她都能立即给出回答，甚至利用我的回答来更多地了解我的偏好。我过去常常感觉好像自己有50%的时间都花在了寻找新餐馆上。相比之下，我的个人助理只需要几秒钟就能找到适当的地方。她给我的每一个推荐都很好，因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一家餐厅。
说到闲逛，我希望自动驾驶汽车能很快上市。我已经上了一年多的驾驶课了，可是还没有拿到驾照。自动驾驶汽车可以像我们一样学习驾驶，并可以根据信息做出判断。由于它们不会受到人为失误的影响，它们肯定安全得多。唯一的问题是，当第一批车上市时，学习自动驾驶技术可能会出现一些短期的问题，所以我最好先学会开车。不过，我确实认为，总体而言，人工智能的发展将使日常工作变得更加容易得多。
流行小孩
你今天使用和享受的技术是基本的人工智能，它没有编程就无法独立思考。当然，拥有一种更高级的人工智能可能非常有用——一种真正独立的人工智能，能够行使自己的判断，可以帮助我们解决世界上的许多问题。但是你考虑过它的风险吗？
别忘了，为什么一个独立的人工智能会考虑人类的意见和愿望？
我们可能被看作是一个“小小的”不便，它妨碍了更大问题的解决。如果我们幸运，人工智能可能会认为我们足够有价值，可以留下来。如果不这样的话，它可能会把我们都消灭！
即使这种情况不会发生，也存在其他风险。千禧蝶，你说拥有自动驾驶汽车有多好，但是所有将失去工作的出租车司机怎么办？
他们将是人工智能的第一批受害者。从长远来看，几乎所有的工作都存在潜在的风险。甚至记者现在也被能够撰写基本新闻报道的技术所取代。照现状看，未来20年美国近50%的就业岗位将面临来自自动化的风险。
事实上，我们都没有准备好迎接人工智能的挑战。
粉红色的烟雾
作为我们现代世界的一部分，技术学习是我们已经接受的东西。我相信人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解释大量的数据的能力，这意味着它甚至可以解决人类专家难以解决的问题。
然而，尽管超级智能的人工智能可能是人类历史上最大的飞跃，但如果它出错或落入坏人之手，它也可能是最危险的。然而，人工智能不会消失。我们别无选择，只能接受并监管它。不过，有一件事我想大家都同意，那就是说“这是我的人工智能做的！”不会成为任何违法或不道德行为的借口！
7课时分层作业(十一)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It
would
be
a
matter
of
assessing(assess)whether
she
was
well
enough
to
travel.
2．You
can
always
bank
on
me
if
you
need
money.
3．I'll
show
it
to
Benjamin.He's
bound
to
know(know).
4．The
company
manufactures
a
range
of
light?weight
cycles(cycle).
5．A
cloud
of
dust
on
the
horizon
announced
the
arrival
of
the
cavalryman.
6．They
demanded
that
those
who
are
responsible
for
it
(should)be
brought(bring)to
justice.
7．They
admit
they
are
now
desperate
for
a
lucky
break.
8．What
you
say
is
not
consistent
with
what
you
do.
9．Our
holiday
photos
didn't
come
out
because
the
film
was
faulty(fault).
10．The
police
were
trying
to
chase
down
all
possible
clues(clue)to
the
murder.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When
I
was
a
college
student，I
did
a
lot
of
traveling
abroad.That
was
because
a
professor
encouraged
me
to
do
so.She
said，“Now
it
is
time
for
you
to
travel
around
the
world，__1__your
knowledge
through
actual
experiences
and
have
fun！”I__2__her.
Since
I
started
to
work
for
a__3__company，however，I
have
done
most
of
my
traveling
through
the
Internet.By
using
the
Internet，I
have
seen
the
sights
of
many
cities
on
my
computer
screen.And
I
have
really
made
business__4__，too.With
the
help
of
the
Internet，I
have
also
got__5__about
food
in
different
countries.
Therefore，I
was
beginning
to
feel
that
actual
trips
were__6__necessary
when
I
happened
to
read
a
famous
chef's(厨师)comment
on
the
Internet.He
said，“It
is
very
difficult
to
have
real
Italian
food
in
a
foreign
country，because
we
enjoy
food
and
the__7__around
us
at
the
same
time.So
why
don't
you
fly
over
to
Italy
and
enjoy
real
Italian
dishes？”Those
words
reminded
me
of
my__8__
advice.As
information
technology__9__，you
might
be
able
to
do
without
making
some
real
trips.But
this
also
means
that
you
will
miss
the
various__10__you
can
get
from
traveling.
Today
there
are
people
who__11__direct
communication
with
others
and
spend
much
of
their
time
on
the
Internet.It
is
not
surprising
to
see
a
group
of
people
talking
not
with
each
other
but
into
their
microphones.It
seems
as
if
such
people
are__12__by
an
invisible
wall.They
seem
to
be
losing
out
on
a
good
chance
to
meet
and
talk
with
other
people.I
do
not
think
that
they
are
taking
good
advantage
of
information
technology.We
should
use
information
technology
as
a
tool
to
make
our
daily__13__more
fruitful.However，we
should
never
let
it__14__our
time
for
face?to?face
communication.Let's
make
use
of
information
technology
more__15__and
have
great
fun
in
experiencing
the
actual
world.
【语篇解读】 文章作者通过自己的经历来论述信息技术代替不了真实世界所带来的氛围与环境。
1．A.build
up
B．use
C．practise
D．exchange
A [真实的旅行经历会增长自己的知识，build
up“增进；加强”，故选A项。]
2．A.agreed
with
B．learned
from
C．followed
D．obeyed
A [根据上文作者自己经常地出国旅游可判断，作者同意教授的话，故选A项。]
3．A.computer
B．food
C．clothing
D．machine
B [根据下文“With
the
help
of
the
Internet，I
have
also
got
________about
food
in
different
countries.”可判断，作者在食品公司工作，故选B项。]
4．A.plans
B．bargain
C．progress
D．trips
D [作者不仅在网上看城市的风景，也会出差旅行(trip)，故选D项。]
5．A.information
B．taste
C．cooks
D．feelings
A [在网络上，作者也可以得到不同国家的食品信息(information)，故选A项。]
6．A.even
more
B．no
longer
C．much
D．actually
B [作者在网上可以得到食物的信息以及看到城市风景，因此开始觉得真正的旅行不再必要，所以选B项。]
7．A.people
B．drink
C．atmosphere
D．environment
C [根据下文所述，我们在享受食物的同时还在享受周围的气氛，因此应选C项。]
8．A.friend's
B．parents'
C．professor's
D．boss's
C [关键词advice和上文教授的鼓励和建议相呼应，故选C项。]
9．A.produces
B．advertises
C．forms
D．advances
D [随着信息技术的进步，你可能不需要真正的旅行。advance发展，前进，故选D项。]
10．A.news
B．pleasures
C．troubles
D．places
B [这也意味着你将会错过你可以从旅行中获得的许多乐趣，据此可判断B项正确。]
11．A.avoid
B．keep
C．lose
D．enjoy
A [根据“spend
much
of
their
time
on
the
Internet”可判断，这些人是避开了和其他人的直接交流，故选A项。]
12．A.stopped
B．met
C．surrounded
D．hurt
C [这样的人看起来好像被一堵看不见的墙环绕着。故选C项。]
13．A.communication
B．study
C．work
D．action
A [根据上文作者所讲的见面交流可知，作者提倡让信息技术成为日常交流更有效的工具，因此选A项。]
14．A.spare
B．increase
C．reduce
D．make
use
of
C [我们不应该让它减少我们面对面交流的时间，据此可判断C项正确。]
15．A.wisely
B．correctly
C．or
less
D．slowly
A [让我们更明智地利用信息技术，并愉快地体验真实世界。wisely明智地，故选A项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Robots
have
been
used
throughout
history
as
entertainment
and
industrial
gain.With
each
generation
of
robots，new
ideas
and
technologies
1.________(develop)in
order
to
allow
the
robots
to
have
2.______(good)functions.Early
robots
were
very
simple
and
3.______(actual)often
used
water
to
operate，4.______with
the
invention
of
the
computer，robots
entered
a
new
era
for
both
industry
and
the
public.
5．________idea
of
robots
began
as
far
back
as
the
eighth
century，in
the
Iliad.Hephaestus，the
Greek
god
of
fire，was
said
6.________(have)something
active
and
made
from
gold.However，the
first
true
account
of
robots
came
from
the
golden
tree
of
Baghdad.7.______(keep)in
a
palace
during
the
ninth
and
tenth
centuries，it
featured
birds
singing
on
branches
while
they
flapped
their
wings.Early
water
clocks
were
also
examples
of
early
robots.
During
the
twelfth
century，a
royal
inventor
named
Al?Jazari
created
the
first
robot.He
created
a
robotic
band，8.________would
float
on
a
lake
and
perform
different
rhythms
depending
on
the
programming
of
a
series
of
pegs.Most
of
his
9.________(invention)used
water
to
make
movements，but
he
also
employed
mechanisms
to
make
his
devices
operate
10.________a
fixed
speed.
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了机器人的发展史。
1．are
developed [考查动词的时态和语态。主语与动词develop之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；且叙述的是一般性的事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。]
2．better [考查形容词的比较级。为了让机器人有更好的功能，新理念和技术被开发。故此处用形容词的比较级。]
3．actually [考查词性转换。修饰动词需要用副词形式。]
4．but [考查连词。分析前后句关系可知，此处应为转折关系，故用but。]
5．The [考查冠词。idea作“构思；主意”讲时为可数名词，且其后由of短语修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the。]
6．to
have [考查固定用法。sb.be
said
to
do
sth.据说某人做某事，为固定用法，故填to
have。]
7．Kept [考查非谓语动词。动词keep与主语it之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。]
8．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代先行词robotic
band，故填which。]
9．inventions [考查词性转换。此处需用该词的名词形式，再由Most
of可知需用其复数形式。]
10．at [考查介词。at...speed以……的速度，为固定用法，故填at。]
1续写故事
续写故事，首先要能对所给的故事有深刻的理解，对故事的脉络和发展的方向有很好的把握，对故事使用的词汇的特点有整体的认知。然后，根据对故事结构的理解设计合理的情节，完成对故事的续写。因此，续写故事的关键是：
1．掌握所给故事的主旨意图及故事情节的发展方向
这点至关重要。只有把握了故事的主旨意图，才能很好地完成续写。
2．正确理解故事的脉络线索和段落结构，设计续写内容的基本框架
只有对原文的脉络线索和段落结构有正确的和深刻的理解，续写的内容才能和原文骨肉相连，契合紧密。
3．理清故事中的要点信息和逻辑关系
确保续写的内容和原文要有逻辑上的一致性，并能回应原文的信息。
4．感知故事的用词特点
这样做可以使续写的内容在语言色彩上和所给故事保持一致。
5．注意语言的使用
写作中要准确使用语法和词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。所以，在考虑故事结构的同时，一定要注意使用比较“高级”的词汇和句式。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
On
a
bright，warm
July
afternoon，Mac
Hollan，a
primary
school
teacher，was
cycling
from
his
home
to
Alaska
with
his
friends.One
of
his
friends
had
stopped
to
make
a
bicycle
repair，but
they
had
encouraged
Mac
to
carry
on，and
they
would
catch
up
with
him
soon.As
Mac
pedaled
(骑行)along
alone，he
thought
fondly
of
his
wife
and
two
young
daughters
at
home.He
hoped
to
show
them
this
beautiful
place
someday.
Then
Mac
heard
quick
and
loud
breathing
behind
him.“Man，that's
a
big
dog！”he
thought.But
when
he
looked
to
the
side，he
saw
instantly
that
it
wasn't
a
dog
at
all，but
a
wolf，quickly
catching
up
with
him.
Mac's
heart
jumped.He
found
out
his
can
of
bear
spray.With
one
hand
on
the
bars，he
fired
the
spray
at
the
wolf.A
bright
red
cloud
enveloped
the
animal，and
to
Mac's
relief，it
fell
back，shaking
its
head.But
a
minute
later，it
was
by
his
side
again.Then
it
attacked
the
back
of
Mac's
bike，tearing
open
his
tent
bag.He
fired
at
the
wolf
a
second
time，and
again，it
fell
back
only
to
quickly
restart
the
chase(追赶).
Mac
was
pedaling
hard
now.He
waved
and
yelled
at
passing
cars
but
was
careful
not
to
slow
down.He
saw
a
steep
uphill
climb
before
him.He
knew
that
once
he
hit
the
hill，he'd
be
easily
caught
up
and
the
wolf's
teeth
would
be
tearing
into
his
flesh.
At
this
moment，Paul
and
Becky
were
driving
their
car
on
their
way
to
Alaska.They
didn't
think
much
of
it
when
they
saw
two
cyclists
repairing
their
bike
on
the
side
of
the
road.A
bit
later，they
spotted
what
they，too，assumed
was
a
dog
running
alongside
a
man
on
a
bike.As
they
got
closer，they
realised
that
the
dog
was
a
wolf.Mac
heard
a
large
vehicle
behind
him.He
pulled
in
front
of
it
as
the
wolf
was
catching
up
fast，just
a
dozen
yards
away
now.
Paragraph
1：
The
car
abruptly
stopped
in
front
of
him.______________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
A
few
minutes
later，the
other
two
cyclists
arrived._____________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Paragraph
1：
The
car
abruptly
stopped
in
front
of
him.A
woman
hurriedly
opened
the
door
and
stretched
out
her
hand，shouting，“Get
in！”Mac
grabbed
her
hand
without
hesitation，leaving
his
bicycle
lying
on
the
road
and
jumped
into
the
car.The
moment
he
shut
the
door，he
caught
the
glimpse
of
the
fierce
eyes
and
hungry
look
of
the
wolf
by
the
door.A
cold
feeling
crept
over
his
heart
and
made
him
shiver.However，the
car
had
left
the
wolf
far
behind，which
made
him
sigh
with
relief.Mac
thanked
Paul
and
Becky
and
afterwards
they
pulled
over
by
the
road
to
wait
for
Mac's
friends.
Paragraph
2：
A
few
minutes
later，the
two
other
cyclists
arrived.
As
soon
as
they
met，his
friends'
worried
look
faded
away.“Where
have
you
been?
We
saw
your
bicycle
on
the
road.”His
friends
asked
and
these
words
like
a
penetrate
of
sunshine
warmed
his
heart.After
Mac
explained
to
them，they
said
farewell
to
Paul
and
Becky
in
sincerely
indebtedness.On
the
way
home，night
breeze
made
him
at
ease
and
he
couldn't
wait
to
share
his
experience
with
his
wife
and
children
and
show
the
kindness
of
the
world.
1速读P38－39教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．Millenniumbutterfly
benefited
much
from
her
super?smart
personal
assistant.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
2．Millenniumbutterfly
could
have
a
self?driving
car
because
she
had
no
driving
licence.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．Popkid
thinks
AI
will
completely
obey
the
opinions
and
desires
of
humans.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．AI
will
lead
to
many
people
losing
their
jobs.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．AI
can
help
us
to
solve
problems
that
are
too
challenging
for
human
experts.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 ABBAA
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．to
find
the
right
place
B．to
learn
more
about
my
preferences
C．to
consider
the
opinions
and
desires
of
humans
D．to
drive
in
the
same
way
that
we
do
E．to
accept
as
a
part
of
our
modern
world
F．to
have
self?driving
cars
1．She
always
has
an
immediate
answer
for
any
question
I
put
to
her，and
even
uses
my
answers
_____________.
2．In
contrast，my
PA
only
needs
a
few
seconds
____________．
3．Self?driving
cars
can
learn
________________，and
can
make
judgements
based
on
information.
4．After
all，why
would
an
independent
form
of
AI
need
______________？
5．Millenniumbutterfly，you
say
how
great
it
would
be
________，but
what
about
all
the
taxi
drivers
who
will
lose
their
jobs?
6．Machine
learning
is
something
we
have
come
__________.
[答案] 1－6 BADCFE
Ⅲ.表格填空
Artificial
Intelligence：A
REAL
THREAT？
Millennium?butterfly
◆Her
super?smart
1.personal
assistant
has
an
immediate
answer
for
all
her
questions.◆Her
PA
can
find
the
right
2.restaurants
for
her
quickly.◆She
thinks
3.developments
in
AI
will
make
doing
day?to?day
things
a
lot
easier.
Popkid
◆AI
could
help
us
4.solve
many
problems，but
there
are
some
risks.◆Almost
50
per
cent
of
US
jobs
are
5.at
risk
from
automation
in
the
next
20
years.◆6.None
of
us
is
prepared
for
the
challenges
of
AI.
Pink__haze
◆AI
can
solve
problems
that
are
too
7.challenging
for
human
experts.◆If
AI
8.goes
wrong
or
falls
into
the
wrong
hands，it
could
also
be
9.the
most
dangerous．◆We
have
no
choice
but
to
embrace
and
10.regulate
AI.
细读P38－39教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
段落
主旨大意
1.Para.12.Para.23.Para.34.Para.45.Para.56.Para.67.Para.7
A．Jobs
are
potentially
at
risk.B．AI
will
make
daily
things
easier.C．Super?smart
personal
assistants
are
helpful.D．We
humans
are
at
risk.E．The
value
of
AI.F．We
can
only
embrace
and
regulate
AI.G．We
are
not
prepared
for
the
challenges
of
AI.
[答案] 1－7 CBDAGEF
Ⅱ.阅读理解
1．What
made
Millenniumbutterfly
save
much
time
in
looking
for
restaurants?
A．Her
AI
personal
assistant.
B．Her
super?smart
phone.
C．Her
own
questions.
D．Her
own
preferences.
2．Why
does
Millenniumbutterfly
want
to
buy
a
self?driving
car?
A．Because
she
likes
hanging
out.
B．Because
she
hates
taking
driving
lessons.
C．Because
it
won't
be
susceptible
to
human
error.
D．Because
there
might
be
machine?learning
problems.
3．What
will
happen
if
AI
thinks
we're
invaluable?
A．AI
will
exercise
its
own
judgement.
B．AI
will
programme
by
itself.
C．AI
will
help
us
solve
problems.
D．AI
will
make
us
at
great
risk.
4．How
should
we
deal
with
super?intelligent
AI?
A．Destroy
it
completely.
B．Stop
its
development.
C．Analyse
and
interpret
it.
D．Embrace
and
regulate
it.
[答案] 1－4 ACDD
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(四)——人物观点看法
A．阅读教材课文中含有表示人物观点看法的语句。
1．In
the
words
of
Professor
Stephen
Hawking，artificial
intelligence
will
be“either
the
best，or
the
worst
thing，ever
to
happen
to
humanity”．
2．Is
it
our
greatest
human
achievement
so
far?
Or
is
it
the
biggest
threat
to
our
existence?
3．Thanks
to
AI，I've
got
my
own
super?smart
personal
assistant
built
into
my
phone.
4．It
used
to
feel
like
50
per
cent
of
my
time
was
spent
researching
new
restaurants.
5．Still，I
do
think
that
developments
in
AI
will
on
the
whole
make
doing
day?to?day
things
a
lot
easier.
B．判断下列句子是否为表示人物观点看法的语句？
1．But
have
you
ever
thought
about
the
risks？(不是)
2．I
believe
most
of
the
value
of
AI
lies
in
its
capacity
to
analyse
and
interpret
vast
amounts
of
data，which
means
it
can
even
solve
problems
that
are
too
challenging
for
human
experts.(是)
3．One
thing
I
think
we
all
agree
on，though，is
that
saying“My
AI
did
it！”won't
be
any
excuse
for
illegal
or
immoral
behaviour！(是)
4．I've
been
taking
driving
lessons
for
over
a
year，and
still
haven't
got
my
licence.(不是)
11．artificial
adj.人造的，人工的→artificially
adv.人工地，人为地；不自然地，做作地
2．assist
v．协助；援助→assistance
n．协助；援助→assistant
n．助手，助理
3．potential
adj.潜在的，有可能的n.潜力，潜势，可能性→potentially
adv.潜在地
4．legal
adj.合法的→illegal
adj.非法的，违法的
5．moral
adj.道德上的，有道德的n.教育意义，寓意；道德，品行，道德规范→immoral
adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
capacity
n．能力，才能；容量，容积；身份，职位
①Their
reasoning
capacity
must
be
developed.能力
②She
worked
here
in
the
capacity
of
nurse.身份，职位
③The
capacity
of
the
freezer
is
1.1
cubic
feet.容量，容积
Words
And
Phrases
assistant
n．助手，助理
(教材P38)Thanks
to
AI，I've
got
my
own
super?smart
personal
assistant
built
into
my
phone.
多亏了人工智能，我的手机里安装了我自己的超级智能个人助理。
[例1] An
assistant
sat
typing
away
at
a
table
beside
him.
助手坐在他身旁的一张桌子上埋头打字。
[例2] The
shop
assistants
didn't
really
want
to
discuss
the
matter，saying
it
was
just
my
hard
luck.
店员根本不想谈论此事，说这完全是我运气太差。
[造句] 他当过这位总统的助理。
He
worked
as
an
assistant
to
the
president.
[知识拓展]
(1)an
assistant
to
……的助理
(2)assist
vt.
帮助；协助；援助
assist
sb.to
do
sth.＝assist
sb.in
doing
sth.
＝assist
sb.with
sth.
帮助某人做某事
(3)assistance
n.
援助；帮助
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①He
asked
us
to
assist
him
to
carry(carry)through
his
plan.
②They
sent
an
assistant(assist)to
help
me
here.
③We
will
provide
assistance(assist)if
your
car
breaks
down.
④Do
you
often
assist
your
mother
with
the
housework?
＝Do
you
often
assist
your
mother
to
do
the
housework?
＝Do
you
often
assist
your
mother
in
doing
the
housework?
你经常帮助妈妈做家务吗？
[小片段填空]
Our
①assistant
manager
is
on
duty
24
hours
a
day
in
the
lobby.Please
dial“6100”for
②assistance．
potentially
adv.潜在地
(教材P39)Nearly
every
job
is
potentially
at
risk
in
the
long
run.
从长远来看，几乎所有的工作都存在潜在的风险。
[例1] The
disease
is
potentially
fatal.
这种疾病可能会致命。
[例2] All
polling
methods
are
potentially
open
to
abuse.
所有的民意调查方法都有可能被滥用。
[造句] 这无疑是一种潜在的危险局势。
Clearly
this
is
a
potentially
dangerous
situation.
[知识拓展]
potential
adj.
潜在的，有可能的
n.
潜力，潜势，可能性
a
potential
disaster
潜在的灾祸
(a)potential
for
(doing)sth.
……的潜力
with
great
potential
有巨大的潜力
have
the
potential
to
do...
有做某事的潜力或可能性
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①There
is
also
potential
for
exploiting(exploit)
untouched
arable
land
resources.
②China
is
abundant
in
resources
of
rivers，grassland
and
mountains，with
great
potential
of
development.
③The
new
biological
science
does
have
the
potential
to
do(do)great
harm，as
well
as
good.
(教材P39)I
believe
most
of
the
value
of
AI
lies
in
its
capacity
to
analyse
and
interpret
vast
amounts
of
data，which
means
it
can
even
solve
problems
that
are
too
challenging
for
human
experts.我相信人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解释大量的数据的能力，这意味着它甚至可以解决人类专家难以解决的问题。
(1)capacity
n．能力，才能；职位；容量
[例1] In
my
capacity
as
president，I
would
like
to
thank
Jack
for
his
hard
work.
作为总统，我要感谢杰克的辛勤工作。
[例2] The
mountain
walk
is
well
within
the
capacity
of
most
fit
people.
对大多数健康的人来说，走这条山路不成问题。
[造句] 儿童生来就有理解语言的能力。
Children
have
a
born
capacity
to
understand
the
language.
[知识拓展]
at
full
capacity
以全(部)力(量)，满功率，满负载
in
one's
capacity
as＝in
the
capacity
of
作为……；以……资格、身份或职位
beyond
one's
capacity
超出某人的能力范围
capacity
for
……的能力
capacity
to
do
sth.
做某事的能力
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①In
his
capacity
as
captain，he's
got
the
right
to
tell
us
what
to
do.
②This
maths
problem
is
beyond
the
capacity
of
most
school
children.
③She
seems
to
have
lost
the
capacity
to
enjoy(enjoy)herself.
(2)analyse
v．分析
[例1] We
analysed
the
results
of
our
experiment.
我们分析了试验的结果。
[例2] The
precise
reasons
for
the
disaster
are
difficult
to
analyse.
这场灾难的确切原因很难分析。
[造句] 必须对结果进行详尽分析。
The
results
must
be
analysed
in
detail.
[知识拓展]
(1)analyse...into
把……分解成
analyse...in
detail
详尽分析……
(2)analysis
n.
分析；分析报告
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Analyse
this
complex
sentence
into
many
clauses.
②Blood
samples
from
almost
6，000
five?year?olds
were
analysed(analyse)in
the
study.
③We
made
a
careful
analysis(analyse)of
his
character.
[小片段填空]
The
article
has
introduced
some
①analysis
of
this
information
system，including
feasible
②analysis，and
business
procedure
③is
analysed，too.
illegal
adj.非法的，违法的
(教材P39)One
thing
I
think
we
all
agree
on，though，is
that
saying“My
AI
did
it！”won't
be
any
excuse
for
illegal
or
immoral
behaviour!
不过，有一件事我想大家都同意，那就是说“这是我的人工智能做的！”不会成为任何违法或不道德行为的借口！
[例1] In
this
sentence，the
writer
uses
an
illegal
construction.
在本句中，作者使用了一个不合语法的结构。
[例2] It's
illegal
for
people
under
17
to
drive
a
car
in
Britain.
在英国，不满17岁的人驾驶车辆是违法的。
[造句] 把车停在这里是违法的。
It
is
illegal
to
park
your
car
here.
[知识拓展]
(1)illegal
drugs
非法药品
an
illegal
act
非法行为
It's
illegal
(for
sb.)to
do
sth.
(某人)做某事是违法的
(2)legal
adj.
合法的
It's
legal
(for
sb.)to
do
sth.
(某人)做某事是合法的
(3)illegally
adv.
非法地，不合法地
legally
adv.
合法地；法律上
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Is
it
legal
for
boys
of
that
age
to
drink(drink)alcohol?
②All
the
illegally(legal)constructed
buildings
must
be
pulled
down.
③The
school
is
legally(legal)responsible
for
your
child's
safety.
[小片段填空]
There
is
no
need
for
①illegal
border
crossings
if
you
are
not
doing
something
②illegally!
Sentence
Patterns
either...or...不是……就是
(教材P38)In
the
words
of
Professor
Stephen
Hawking，artificial
intelligence
will
be“either
the
best，or
the
worst
thing，ever
to
happen
to
humanity”．
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话来说，人工智能“要么是人类历史上最好的事物，要么就是最糟糕的事物”。
句式分析：句中either...or...连接两个表语，表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”。
[例1] I'm
going
to
try
to
go
to
either
Montreal
or
Ottawa
University，as
both
are
supposed
to
have
good
Physics
Departments.
我想去蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为这两所大学的物理系都很棒。
[例2] It
had
also
given
me
a
choice，either
to
leave
that
page
blank
or
to
keep
writing
the
story
with
hope.
它也给了我一个选择，或者留着那页空白或者带着希望继续写故事。
[造句] 不是我父母就是我哥正待在家里。
Either
my
parents
or
my
brother
is
(staying)at
home
now.
[知识拓展]
(1)either...or...表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”，相对应的反义短语为neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，两者都常用来连接两个平行结构。
(2)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要和临近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近一致”原则。
(3)neither...nor...连接两个句子且置于句首时，(因neither和nor都是否定意义的词)前后两句都要用倒装语序。
(4)遵循“就近原则”的并列连词还有：
not
only...but
also...
不但……而且……
not...but...
不是……而是……
...or...
……或者……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①This
phenomenon
is
neither
good
nor
bad.
②Has(have)either
he
or
his
classmates
known
the
secret?
③Not
you
but
I
am(be)mistaken.
④I
have
not
been
to
either
Paris
or
Rome.
used
to
do
sth.过去常常做某事
(教材P38)It
used
to
feel
like
50
per
cent
of
my
time
was
spent
researching
new
restaurants.
我过去常常感觉好像自己有50%的时间都花在了寻找新餐馆上。
句式分析：句中used
to
do
sth.表示“过去常常做某事”(指过去的习惯或状态)，现在已经不再做了。
[例1] I
used
to
cook，but
I
don't
have
time
to
cook
now.
我以前经常做饭，但是现在没时间做了。
[例2] Tom
used
to
be
a
couch
potato，but
he
works
out
everyday
now.
汤姆过去是个电视迷，但现在每天都健身。
[造句] 在星期天，他过去常常早起去钓鱼。
On
Sundays
he
used
to
get
up
early
and
go
fishing.
[知识拓展]
(1)used
to
do
sth.表示“过去常常做某事”
否定形式：didn't
use
to或used
not
(usedn't)to
疑问形式：Did...use
to...？或Used...
to...?
反意疑问形式：肯定句，usedn't/didn't＋主语？
(2)be/get
used
to
(doing)sth.表示“习惯于(做)某事”，现在依旧在做
be
used
to
do
sth.表示“被用于做某事”，是被动语态
[即学即练] 完成句子
①It
can
be
used
to
do
the
same
thing.
它可以用来做相同的事情。
②Let
your
body
get/be
used
to
the
temperature
change!
让你的身体适应温度的变换！
③I
used
to
get
the
mail
early
in
the
morning.
我过去常常在清晨去取邮件。
④You
used
to
go
there，usedn't/didn't
you?
你过去常到那里去，是吗？
条件状语从句的省略
(教材P39)If
not，it
might
wipe
us
all
out!
如果不这样的话，它可能会把我们都消灭！
句式分析：句中if
not
是if
we're
not
lucky的省略形式，表示否定意义。
[例1] It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
so
long
as
you
are
using
it
—if
not，turn
it
off!
只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！
[例2] I
think
there's
a
bullet
train
at
midday.If
not，you
will
have
to
wait
till
2
o'clock
in
the
afternoon.
我想正午会有一辆动车。要是没有，你只好等到下午2点了。
[造句] 如果还没有，这就是你要做的第一步。
If
not，this
should
be
your
first
step.
[知识拓展]
(1)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，且谓语动词为be动词时，则可以省去其主语和be动词。
(2)if构成的省略形式：
if
not
如果不这样的话，不然，表示否定意义
if
so
如果这样的话，表示肯定意义
if
any
如果有的话
if
ever
如果有过或发生过的话
if
necessary/possible
如果有必要/可能
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Are
you
ready?
If
so，let's
set
off
at
once.
②She
wants
to
go
with
us，if
possible.
③Wash
it
in
water
and
pick
out
the
small
particles，if
there
are
any.
→Wash
it
in
water
and
pick
out
the
small
particles，if
any．
④I'll
go
if
you
are
going.If
you
aren't
going，I'd
rather
stay
at
home.
→I'll
go
if
you
are
going.If
not，I'd
rather
stay
at
home.
1．Every
recommendation
she
gives
me
is
great
since
she
can
predict
if
I
will
like
a
particular
restaurant.
分析：句中she
gives
me为省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词recommendation，since
she
can
predict
if
I
will
like
a
particular
restaurant
为since引导的原因状语从句，其中if引导宾语从句。
译文：她给我的每一个推荐都很好，因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一家餐厅。
2．Millenniumbutterfly，you
say
how
great
it
would
be
to
have
self?driving
cars，but
what
about
all
the
taxi
drivers
who
would
lose
their
jobs?
分析：句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中how
great
it
would
be
to
have
self?driving
cars
为how引导的宾语从句，第二个分句中who
will
lose
their
jobs
为关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词drivers。
译文：千禧蝶，你说拥有自动驾驶汽车有多好，但是所有将失去工作的出租车司机怎么办？
教材
高考
1.In
the
words
of
Professor
Stephen
Hawking，artificial
intelligence
will
be“either
the
best，or
the
worst
thing，ever
to
happen
to
humanity”．
(2019·天津卷)We
can
observe
that
artificial
intelligence
has
already
made
an
impact
on
our
lives
in
many
ways.
2.Thanks
to
AI，I've
got
my
own
super?smart
personal
assistant
built
into
my
phone.
(2020·浙江1月卷)Why
not
get
an
assistant
too？Our
business
is
growing
fast.
3.They
would
just
be
among
the
first
victims
of
AI.
(2019·北京卷)Taking
advantage
of
the
new
technologies，scammers
can
aim
at
victims
precisely.
4.I
believe
most
of
the
value
of
AI
lies
in
its
capacity
to
analyse
and
interpret
vast
amounts
of
data，which
means
it
can
even
solve
problems
that
are
too
challenging
for
human
experts.
(2019·北京卷)To
analyse
the
composition
of
the
ocean
food
chain.
5.One
thing
I
think
we
all
agree
on，though，is
that
saying“My
AI
did
it！”won't
be
any
excuse
for
illegal
or
immoral
behaviour！
(2019·天津卷)By
getting
illegal
practices
under
control.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
used
to
get(get)up
at
6
o'clock
when
I
was
at
school.
2．I
have
two
assistants(assistant)who
help
me
with
the
experiment.
3．You
might
say
that
we've
been
victims(victim)of
circumstance.
4．At
least
Marion
has
a
greater
potential
to
reduce(reduce)the
injury.
5．The
professor
in
his
lecture
went
beyond
the
capacity
of
his
audience.
6．All
real
education
is，in
the
final
analysis(analyse)，self?education.
7．It
would
be
illegal
for
them
to
buy(buy)back
the
shares.
8．Are(be)either
you
or
I
going
there
tomorrow?
9．We
should
do
it
with
all
our
heart.If
not，we
will
leave
it
unfinished.
10．Immoral(moral)behaviour
threatens
our
way
of
life.
Ⅱ.短语填空
at
full
capacity，analyse...into，used
to，so
far，in
contrast
1．With
modern
video
techniques
every
game
is
analysed
into
bits
now.
2．I
see
less
of
any
of
my
friends
than
I
used
to．
3．So
far，they
have
invaded
as
far
as
200
metres
from
the
edge
of
the
forest.
4．To
make
the
computer
work
at
full
capacity，the
programmer
has
to
think
like
the
machine.
5．He
looks
healthier
in
contrast
to
his
former
self.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Millenniumbutterfly
has
used
her
own
super?smart
personal
assistant
1.to
get(get)immediate
answers
for
all
her
questions.It
only
2.needs(need)a
few
seconds
to
find
the
right
restaurants
for
her
and
every
3.recommendation(recommend)is
great.And
she
hopes
that
self?driving
cars
are
available
soon.As
they
won't
be
susceptible
4.to
human
error，they'll
certainly
be
a
lot
safer.She
thinks
that
developments
in
AI
will
on
5.the
whole
make
doing
day?to?day
things
a
lot
6.easier(easy).Popkid
thinks
AI
could
be
very
useful
and
help
us
solve
many
of
the
world's
problems，but
it
could
also
cause
some
7.risks(risk).Nearly
every
job
is
8.potentially(potential)at
risk
in
the
long
run
because
of
the
challenges
of
AI.Pink__haze
thinks
that
AI
can
even
solve
problems
that
are
too
9.challenging(challenge)for
human
experts，but
10.if
it
goes
wrong
or
falls
into
the
wrong
hands，it
could
also
be
the
most
dangerous.
91．Anything
one
man
can
imagine，other
men
can
make
it
real.
—Jules
Verne
但凡人能想象到的事物，必定有人能将它实现。
2．You
can
never
plan
the
future
by
the
past.
—Burke
你永远不要依照过去来计划将来。
3．Imagination
is
more
important
than
knowledge，for
knowledge
is
limited
while
imagination
embraces
the
entire
world，pushes
improvement
and
is
the
source
of
knowledge
evolution.
—Albert
Einstein
想象力比知识更重要，因为知识是有限的，而想象力概括着世界上的一切，推动着进步，并且是知识进化的源泉。
4．When
your
illusions
are
gone
you
may
still
exist，but
you
have
ceased
to
live.
—Mark
Twain
当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹死。
In
the
future，man's
life
will
be
very
different
from
that
of
today.First，with
the
development
of
medicine，on
the
average，a
person
will
live
to
the
age
of
about
120.Second，because
of
the
discovery
of
new
energy，the
environmental
pollution
will
be
under
control.Third，people's
daily
life
will
change
greatly，too.For
example，robots
will
do
all
your
housework
for
you;
your
chair
will
change
its
color
to
match
what
you're
wearing;
you
can
also
put
your
mobile
phone
around
your
wrist
and
can
see
the
caller
while
speaking;
you
even
can
take
a
new
elevator
into
space
for
your
holidays.
A
robot
makes
its
way
back
to
a
supermarket
after
making
a
delivery
during
a
demonstration
in
Beijing.
Along
a
street
on
the
outer
edges
of
Beijing，a
yellow
and
black
cube
about
the
size
of
a
small
washing
machine
moves
leisurely
to
its
destination.This“little
yellow
horse”is
a
delivery
robot，transporting
daily
essentials
like
drinks，fruit
and
snacks
from
the
local
store
to
the
residents.Equipped
with
GPS
system，cameras
and
radar，the
robot
is
seen
by
its
creator
as
the
future
of
logistics(物流)in
China.
The
robot
takes
off
for
Chinese
customers'
love
of
cashless
payments
and
smartphone
shopping.China
is
the
world's
biggest
online
shopping
market
with
more
than
half
of
its
population
making
at
least
one
smartphone
purchase
per
month，according
to
professional
services
firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers.Whether
buying
electronics，toilet
paper
or
clothes，Chinese
customers
are
used
to
simply
tapping
a
button
on
their
smartphone
and
getting
a
home
delivery.
[探索发现]
1．What
is
the
yellow
robot
equipped
with?
(no
more
than
8
words)
GPS
system，cameras
and
radar.
2．Why
is
the
robot
popular
with
Chinese
people?
Because
of
Chinese
customers'
love
of
cashless
payments
and
smartphone
shopping.
3．What
do
you
think
of
the
invention
of
the
yellow
robot?
It
is
very
helpful.
1课时分层作业(十)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Kalan
called
his
assistant(助理)，Hashim，to
take
over
while
he
went
out.
2．She
was
the
victim(受害者)of
a
car
accident.
3．He
did
not
want
his
life
to
be
much
longer
by
artificial(人工的)means.
4．The
situation
is
unstable
and
potentially(潜在地)dangerous.
5．Our
capacity(能力)for
giving
care，love
and
attention
is
limited.
6．We
need
to
analyse(分析)what
went
wrong.
7．Despite
his
illegal(非法的)act，few
people
think
badly
of
him.
8．She
was
questioned
about
his
immoral(不道德的)conduct
toward
her.
9．To
cite(引用)means
that
you
speak
or
write
the
exact
words
from
a
book，an
author，etc.
10．A
client(客户)is
a
person
who
uses
the
services
or
advice
of
a
professional
person
or
organization.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Claude
Sammut，a
professor
of
computer
science
and
engineering
at
the
University
of
New
South
Wales
in
Australia，said
it
would
soon
be
possible
for
robots
to
defeat
the
stars
of
the
future.
For
many
years，Mr
Sammut
has
been
a
member
of
a
project
called
RoboCup，where
robots
have
been
programmed
to
learn
how
to
play
football
and
compete
against
others
in
a
football
match.
As
he
explains，robots
are
having
difficulty
in
learning
how
to
control
the
ball
and
move
the
ball
on
their
own，but
he
is
still
full
of
confidence
that
one
day
in
the
future
they
will
show
the
same
skills
as
Wayae
Rooney，who
is
one
of
the
best
football
players
in
the
world.
Mr
Sammut
also
said，“In
1968，John
McCarthy
and
Donald
Michie
made
a
bet
with
David
Levy，who
was
then
the
chess
champion
in
Scotland，that
within
10
years
a
computer
programme
would
be
able
to
beat
him.It
took
a
little
bit
longer
than
10
years(nearly
30
years)but
eventually
such
programmes
came
into
being.”
“In
the
same
spirit
of
a
grand
challenge，RoboCup
aims
to
develop
a
team
of
robots
that
can
defeat
the
world
soccer
champion
team
by
the
year
2050.To
achieve
this，or
come
even
closer
to
the
ambition，robots
will
have
to
be
able
to
sense
and
act
in
completely
unstructured
environments.This
will
require
major
advances
in
perception(感知)，decision?making，learning，and
cooperative
behaviours.Considering
robots
are
integrated
hardware
and
software
systems，great
advances
will
also
be
needed
in
sensors(传感器)，energy
storage，and
materials.”
【语篇解读】 你相信机器人的球技有一天会超过人类吗？科学家力求到2050年开发一个能够打败世界足球冠军队的机器人团队。
1．The
RoboCup
is
aimed
to
develop
robots
that
know
how
to________．
A．play
computer
football
games
B．play
football
and
win
in
real
matches
C．understand
the
rules
of
the
football
game
D．improve
the
skills
of
real
football
players
B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...where
robots
have
been
programmed
to
learn
how
to
play
football
and
compete
against
others
in
a
football
match.”可知RoboCup旨在设计出学会踢足球并在足球赛中与对手比赛的机器人，故选B项。]
2．What
kind
of
difficulty
are
the
robots
facing
in
playing
football?
A．They
can't
run
as
fast
as
real
people.
B．They
can't
recognize
their
partners
accurately.
C．They
can't
control
the
ball
well
by
themselves.
D．They
can't
pass
the
ball
to
their
partners.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As
he
explains，robots
are
having
difficulty
in
learning
how
to
control
the
ball
and
move
the
ball
on
their
own...”可知应选C。]
3．The
idea
of
designing
a
computer
programme
that
could
defeat
a
chess
champion
came
forth________．
A．in
1968
B．in
1978
C．in
the
1990s
D．30
years
ago
A [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In
1968，John
McCarthy
and
Donald
Michie
made
a
bet
with
David
Levy，who
was
then
the
chess
champion
in
Scotland...”可知应选A。]
4．We
can
conclude
from
Mr
Sammut's
words
that________．
A．many
parts
of
robots
still
need
improving
B．robots
would
be
smarter
than
human
beings
in
the
near
future
C．robots
have
more
ambitions
than
human
beings
D．robots
would
take
control
of
the
world
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段Sammut先生的话可以推断出，机器人的很多部件还需要改进。]
B
A
little
girl
lines
up
plastic
letters
in
front
of
a
little
robot.The
robot
struggles
to
reproduce
them
on
a
tablet.The
girl
kindly
steps
in
to
help，writing
out
the
word
to
show
the
robot
how
to
do
it.She
puts
in
effort
to
teach
the
robot，without
realising
that
she
is
actually
the
one
who
is
improving
her
writing
skills.Yesterday，EPFL
researchers
introduced
their
new
teaching
tool
at
the
Conference
on
Human?Robot
Interaction(HRI)held
in
Portland，the
USA.
The
program
is
based
on
a
principle
called“Learning
by
Teaching”．When
children
experience
difficulties
in
writing，they
can
easily
lose
confidence，or
even
gradually
lose
interest
in
the
learning
process.Eventually，their
entire
education
can
be
affected.When
students
put
themselves
in
the
place
of
a
teacher
and
pass
on
what
they
know
to
their
peers，they
can
regain
their
self?confidence
and
interest
in
their
studies.
Scientists
developed
progressive
writing
algorithms(算法)and
used
them
in
an
existing
robot
model
which
was
designed
to
interact
with
humans.With
these
algorithms，the
machine
can
slowly
draw
words
on
demand，and
then
gradually
improve.To
do
this，it
uses
many
handwriting
examples，which
allow
it
to
reproduce
common
errors
made
by
young
children
while
learning.It
is
also
possible
to
program
the
robot
so
that
it
can
pay
attention
to
the
particular
difficulties
of
a
student.
The
system
has
already
been
used
in
primary
school
lessons
with
about
seventy
students
ranging
from
six
to
eight
years
old，and
then
individually
with
a
six?year?old
child
for
one
hour
per
week
over
the
course
of
one
month.So
far
the
system
has
been
very
well
received.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。文章向我们介绍了一个可以用于教学的智能机器人。
5．The
little
girl
is
mentioned
to________．
A．advertise
an
old
robot
B．introduce
a
smart
girl
to
us
C．lead
to
the
topic
of
the
text
D．explain
how
girls
study
today
C [推理判断题。由文章内容可知，本文主要是关于一个可以用于教学中的智能机器人，作者提到那个小女孩是为了引出下文。]
6．What
is
mainly
talked
about
in
Paragraph
3?
A．How
the
robot
works.
B．The
popularity
of
the
robot.
C．Why
the
robot
was
designed.
D．The
appearance
of
the
robot.
A [段落大意题。由第三段可知，本段主要讲了这个机器人是如何运作的。]
7．Those
who
have
tried
the
system
most
probably
consider
it________．
A．difficult
B．stupid
C．childish
D．helpful
D [推理判断题。由第四段最后一句“So
far
the
system
has
been
very
well
received.”可推知，使用过的人觉得这个系统很有用。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Dream
is
strength.The
strength
can
bring
us
wherever
we
want
to
get
to
and
it
can
bring
us
a
lot
of
wonders
on
our
way
to
the
place
in
our
dreams.
Dream
is
beauty.Maybe
you
can
see
the
things
full
of
magic
and
maybe
you
will
be
moved
by
your
own
dream.__1__．But
should
we
have
our
life
without
dreams?
Of
course
not.
Everyone
has
dreams
and
dreams
are
especially
important
to
teenagers.As
teenagers，you
have
many
dreams.These
dreams
can
be
very
big，such
as
winning
the
Nobel
Prize.Or
they
can
be
small，for
example，you
may
just
want
to
become
one
of
the
ten
best
students
in
your
class.__2__，what
do
you
do
with
it?
Do
you
ever
try
to
make
your
dream
come
true?
Andrew
Matthews，an
Australian
writer，tells
us
that
making
our
dreams
come
true
is
the
biggest
challenge
in
our
life.__3__，or
that
it
is
impossible
for
you
to
become
a
writer.__4__．In
fact，everyone
can
fulfill
his
dream.The
first
thing
you
must
do
is
remember
what
your
dream
is.Don't
let
it
leave
your
heart.Keep
telling
yourself
what
you
want.Do
this
step
by
step
and
your
dream
will
come
true
earlier
because
a
big
dream
is
made
up
of
many
small
dreams.
You
must
never
give
up
your
dreams.__5__．But
the
biggest
one
comes
from
yourself.You
need
to
decide
what
is
the
most
important
and
face
all
these
difficulties
bravely.
A．These
kinds
of
thoughts
stop
you
realising
your
dreams
B．There
will
be
many
difficulties
on
the
road
to
your
dreams
C．Once
you
find
a
dream
D．You
may
think
you're
not
very
good
at
some
school
subjects
E．Both
big
dreams
and
small
ones
are
very
important
to
our
lives
F．The
world
is
so
real
that
all
the
dreams
seem
weak
G．Your
talent
is
one
of
the
most
important
factors
in
living
your
dreams
【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了拥有梦想的重要性，以及在实现梦想的过程中可能遇到的一些困难。
1．F [由下文“But
should
we
have
our
life
without
dreams？”可知该空引出下文，F选项“世界如此真实，以至于所有的梦想似乎都很脆弱”切题，故选F。]
2．C [由下文“...what
do
you
do
with
it?
Do
you
ever
try
to
make
your
dream
come
true？”可知C选项“一旦你找到一个梦想”切题，故选C。]
3．D [由下文“In
fact，everyone
can
fulfill
his
dream.”可知，上文一定会列举一些消极的想法，和“or
that
it
is
impossible
for
you
to
become
a
writer”并列，D选项“你可能认为你不擅长一些学校的科目”切题，故选D。]
4．A [上文列举了消极的想法，空处应该说明这些想法带来的后果，故选A。]
5．B [由下文“But
the
biggest
one
comes
from
yourself.You
need
to
decide
what
is
the
most
important
and
face
all
these
difficulties
bravely.”可知，B选项“在通往梦想的路上会有很多困难”符合语境，故选B。]
1阅读P44－45教材课文，选择最佳答案。
1．Who
wanted
to
know
where
Jimmy
was?
A．Mr
Anderson.
B．Mrs
Anderson.
C．Robutt.
D．A
Moon?born
man
2．What
made
Jimmy
look
very
fat?
A．The
crater.
B．The
spacesuit.
C．The
lunar
gravity.
D．The
Earth.
3．Why
did
Robutt
run
faster
than
Jimmy?
A．Because
it
could
rolled
around.
B．Because
it
knew
well
about
the
race.
C．Because
it
didn't
need
a
spacesuit.
D．Because
it
was
born
on
the
moon.
4．What
was
Robutt
actually
according
to
the
passage?
A．A
dog
from
the
earth.
B．A
man
from
the
earth.
C．A
robot
like
a
human.
D．A
little
robot
dog.
[答案] 1－4 ABCD
Words
And
Phrases
assess
v．评价，评定
(教材P41)Bobby
was
assessed
and
his
talents
were
revealed
to
be
mostly
scientific...
对博比进行了评估，发现他的才能主要是科学方面的……
[例1] That
means
you
must
be
able
to
assess
when
people
are
not
telling
the
whole
truth
and
then
try
to
discover
it.
那意味着当人们没有说出全部事实的时候，你必须能够做出评估，然后试着去发现(事情的真相)。
[例2] After
the
flood，they
assessed
the
loss
at
10
million
yuan.
洪水过后，他们估算经济损失为一千万元。
[造句] 许多成年人都被认定在学习方面有困难。
Many
of
the
adults
were
assessed
as
having
learning
difficulties.
[知识拓展]
(1)assess
sth.at
评估某物(多少钱)
be
assessed
as...
被评定为……
assess＋从句
评定；估定
(2)assessment
n.
评价；评定
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
government
will
make
a
strict
assessment(assess)of
the
food
safety.
②In
international
comparison，German
higher
education
can
be
assessed
as
slightly
under?financed.
③It
was
reported
that
his
annual
income
was
assessed(assess)at
ten
thousand
dollars.
[小片段填空]
We
have
also
found
that
a
team
doing
its
own
self
①assessment，rather
than
②being
assessed
by
those
outside
the
team，is
highly
effective.
bound
adj.可能的
(教材P43)Some
of
these
ideas
may
sound
far
ahead
of
their
time，but
I'm
sure
they're
bound
to
happen
sooner
or
later!
这些想法中的一些可能听起来远远超前于他们的时代，但我相信它们迟早会发生！
[例1] Who
said
that
making
a
robot
so
much
like
a
man
was
bound
to
cause
trouble?
谁说造像人的机器人是注定要惹出麻烦的？
[例2] From
that
moment
on
my
life
has
become
bound
up
with
hers.
从那一刻起，我的生命就与她的连在一起了。
[造句] 只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。
So
long
as
we
hold
fast
to
our
ideals
and
never
give
up，we
are
bound
to
achieve
success.
[知识拓展]
be
bound
to
do
sth.
一定会做某事；有义务做某事
be
bound
for
开往；飞往；驶往
be
bound
up
with
sth.
与某事有密切关系
be
bound
up
in
sth.
忙于(专心于；热衷于)某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We'd
better
take
a
plane
(that
is)bound
for
China.
②We
are
bound
to
do(do)what
we
can
to
help
the
disabled.
③He
is
bound
up
in
his
work
with
old
people.
[小片段填空]
He
①is
bound
up
in
his
work
which
②is
bound
up
with
the
welfare
of
the
community.
demand
n．需要，需求vt.强烈要求
(教材P43)．..about
shorter
waiting
times，with
companies
intending
to
provide
on?demand
services.
……随着公司打算提供按需服务，等待时间缩短了。
[例1] In
America
the
demand
for
oil
has
grown
by
22
per
cent
since
1990.
自1990年以来，美国的石油需求量已经增长了22%。
[例2] The
Harry
Potter
books
are
quite
popular;
they
are
in
great
demand
in
this
city.
《哈利·波特》系列丛书非常受欢迎，它们在这个城市的需求量很大。
[造句] 这家公司不能满足雇员对更高薪水的要求。
The
company
is
unable
to
satisfy/meet
the
workers'
demands
for
higher
wages.
[知识拓展]
(1)in
demand
被需要，需求大
meet/satisfy
one's
demands
满足某人的要求
(2)demand
to
do
sth.
要求去做某事
demand
sth.of/from
sb.
向某人要某物
demand
that...
要求……(从句中用should
＋动词原形的虚拟语气，
should可以省略)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Good
secretaries
are
always
in
great
demand.
②I
demand
to
see(see)the
manager.
→I
demand
that
I
should
see
the
manager．
③Because
he
has
already
worked
himself，he
has
decided
not
to
demand
money
of/from
his
parents.
[联想助记]
像demand一样，后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气的动词还有哪些？这类常见动词通常可用下面的口诀记忆：
“一二三四”记“虚拟”：
一坚持：insist
二命令：order;
command
三建议：advise;
suggest;
propose
四要求：request;
require;
demand;
desire
外加一个敦促：urge
[特别提醒]
表示“需要”时，demand之后既不能跟不定式，也不能跟动词的?ing形式。
desperate
adj.拼命的，绝望的；极渴望的；危急的
(教材P45)He
was
frowning，too，and
the
desperate
look
on
his
face
meant
that
he
wouldn't
change
his
mind.
他也皱着眉头，脸上绝望的表情意味着他不会改变主意。
[例1] The
starving
refugees
were
desperate.
饿得要死的难民都悲观失望。
[例2] The
sudden
loss
of
his
money
made
him
desperate.
突然丢钱使他很绝望。
[造句] 其他妇女都渴望恢复工作。
Other
women
are
desperate
to
get
back
to
work.
[知识拓展]
(1)feel/be
desperate
about
对……绝望
be
desperate
for
极需某物的；极想要某物
be
desperate
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
(2)desperately
adv.
绝望地；不顾一切地；拼命地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I
felt
desperate
about
my
future.
②He
was
desperate
for
work
to
provide
food
for
his
children.
③Even
if
you
are
desperate
to
get(get)married，never
let
it
show.
[小片段填空]
They
are
desperate
①to
shift(shift)from
farming
to
industry，and
they
need
to
do
so
②desperately(desperate).
Sentence
Patterns
This/That
is/was
why...
(教材P44)That's
why
I'm
bring
one
here.
那就是为什么我带来了一个。
句式分析：句中that's
why...那就是……的原因。此处why引导表语从句。
[例1] Tom
was
ill.That
was
why
he
came
late
for
the
meeting.
汤姆病了。那就是他开会迟到的原因。
[例2] I
thought，this
is
why
I've
travelled
thousands
of
miles.
我想，这就是我为何不远千里赶来的原因。
[造句] 这就是为什么我建议用军犬的原因。
This
is
why
I
suggested
attack
dogs.
[知识拓展]
(1)That/This
is/was
why...那/这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)
(2)That/This
is/was
because...
那/这是因为……(because从句表示原因)
(3)The
reason
why...is/was
that...
……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because)
[即学即练] 完成句子
①Tom
came
late
for
the
meeting.That
was
because
he
didn't
catch
the
bus.
汤姆开会迟到了。那是因为他没赶上汽车。
②The
reason
why
Tom
came
late
for
the
meeting
was
that
he
was
ill．
汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。
③This
is
because
plants
can
make
food
from
air，water
and
sunlight.
这是因为植物可以从空气、水和阳光中制造食物。
so
that引导结果状语从句
(教材P44)The
outer
side
of
the
crater
sloped
southward
and
the
Earth，which
was
low
in
the
southern
sky，was
nearly
full，so
that
the
entire
crater?slope
was
brightly
lit.
陨石坑的外侧向南倾斜，低低地悬在南方天空上的地球几乎是满的，所以整个陨石坑斜坡都被照亮了。
句式分析：句中so
that引导结果状语从句。
[例1] Everyone
lent
a
hand，so
that
the
work
was
finished
ahead
of
schedule.
每个人都帮了忙，所以工作提前完成了。
[例2] We
arrived
early，so
that
we
got
good
seats.
我们到得很早，因此占到了好座位。
[造句] 天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。
It
was
very
cold，so
that
the
river
froze.
[知识拓展]
(1)so
that“为了，以便，目的是”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in
order
that(为了)。从句中常常使用情态动词can/could，may/might，will/would等。so
that引导的目的状语从句不能放于句首，而in
order
that引导的目的状语从句既可放在句首，也可放在主句之后。
(2)当so
that或in
order
that引导的目的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句可变为so
as
to或in
order
to的动词不定式短语。
[即学即练] 完成句子/一句多译
①I
will
tell
you
all
the
facts
so
that/in
order
that
you
can
judge
for
yourself.
我将告诉你所有的事实以便你可以自己判断。
②In
order
that
we
can
get
there
on
time，we
should
set
out
early.
为了及时赶到那里，我们应该早些出发。
③He
raised
his
voice
to
make
himself
heard.
＝He
raised
his
voice
so
as
to/in
order
to
make
himself
heard．
＝He
raised
his
voice
so
that/in
order
that
he
could
make
himself
heard．
他提高了嗓门，以便大家都能听到。
逻辑推断题
逻辑推断题主要考查考生根据全篇、全段、上下文逻辑关系，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。
【例文】
But
this
summer
I
find
myself
at
a
loss.I'm
not
quite
interested
in
Balzac，say，or“Tristram
Shandy.”There's
always
War
and
Peace，which
I've
covered
some
distance
several
times，only
to
get
bogged
down
in
the“War”part，set
it
aside
for
a
while，and
realize
that
I
have
to
start
over
from
the
beginning
again，having
forgotten
everyone's
name
and
social
rank.
Why
does
the
author
say
reading
his
favorite
books
feels
like
cheating?
A．He
finishes
them
quickly.
B．He
should
read
something
serious.
C．He
barely
understands
them.
D．He
has
read
them
many
times
before.
★解题关键
1．抓住与之相关的关键信息，进行正向或逆向思维，推断出隐含的深层含义。
2．根据上下文逻辑关系，进行实事求是的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是仅仅根据自己的经验、观点或爱好进行判断。
★解题思路
Step
1：确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词)
Step
2：根据关键词定位信息句(□中句)
Step
3：尝试解答——根据信息句可知，作者再次读到自己最喜欢的书时，感到非常刺激和兴奋。同时感觉自己兴奋的心情与严肃的作品不适合，所以这时候会有cheating的感觉，认为自己应该读一些严肃的东西。故选B。
[针对性练习]
I
started
out
in
life
with
few
advantages.I
did
not
graduate
from
high
school.I
worked
at
menial(不体面的)jobs.I
had
limited
education，limited
skills
and
a
limited
future.
And
then
I
began
asking，“Why
are
some
people
more
successful
than
others？”This
question
changed
my
life.
Over
the
years，I
have
read
thousands
of
books
and
articles
on
the
subjects
of
success
and
achievement(成就).It
seems
that
the
reasons
for
these
accomplishments
have
been
discussed
and
written
about
for
more
than
two
thousand
years，in
every
possible
way.One
quality
that
most
philosophers，teachers
and
experts
agree
on
is
the
importance
of
self?discipline(自律).As
Al
Tomsik
summarized
it
years
ago，“Success
is
tons
of
discipline.”
Some
years
ago，I
attended
a
conference
in
Washington.It
was
the
lunch
break
and
I
was
eating
at
a
nearby
food
fair.The
area
was
crowded
and
I
sat
down
at
the
last
open
table
by
myself，even
though
it
was
a
table
for
four.A
few
minutes
later，an
older
gentleman
and
a
younger
woman
who
was
his
assistant
came
along
carrying
trays
of
food，obviously
looking
for
a
place
to
sit.With
plenty
of
room
at
my
table，I
immediately
arose
and
invited
the
older
gentleman
to
join
me.He
was
hesitant，but
I
insisted.Finally，thanking
me
as
he
sat
down，we
began
to
chat
over
lunch.
It
turned
out
that
his
name
was
Kop
Kopmeyer.As
it
happened，I
immediately
knew
who
he
was.He
was
a
legend
in
the
field
of
success
and
achievement.Kop
Kopmeyer
had
written
four
large
books，each
of
which
contained
250
success
principles
that
he
had
obtained
from
more
than
fifty
years
of
research
and
study.I
had
read
all
four
books
from
cover
to
cover，more
than
once.
After
we
had
chatted
for
a
while，I
asked
him
the
question
that
many
people
in
this
situation
would
ask，“Of
all
the
one
thousand
success
principles
that
you
have
discovered，which
do
you
think
is
the
most
important？”
He
smiled
at
me
with
a
twinkle
in
his
eyes，as
if
he
had
been
asked
this
question
many
times，and
replied，without
hesitating，“The
most
important
success
principle
of
all
was
stated
by
Thomas
Huxley
many
years
ago.He
said，‘Do
what
you
should
do，when
you
should
do
it，whether
you
feel
like
it
or
not.’”
He
went
on
to
say，“There
are
999
other
success
principles
that
I
have
found
in
my
reading
and
experience，but
without
self?discipline，none
of
them
work.”
1．Why
did
the
writer
ask
the
question
in
Paragraph
2?
A．Because
he
wasn't
satisfied
with
himself.
B．Because
he
was
a
person
of
self?discipline.
C．Because
he
disliked
those
successful
people.
D．Because
he
wanted
to
share
his
idea
on
success.
A [根据第一段“I
started
out
in
life
with
few
advantages.I
did
not
graduate
from
high
school.I
worked
at
menial(不体面的)jobs.I
had
limited
education，limited
skills
and
a
limited
future.”可知，在第二段，作者问这个问题是因为他对自己不满意，故选A。]
2．What
made
the
writer
invite
the
older
gentleman
to
join
him?
A．His
great
kindness.
B．The
gentleman's
fame.
C．His
eagerness
for
success.
D．The
gentleman's
good
manners.
A [根据第四段“With
plenty
of
room
at
my
table，I
immediately
arose
and
invited
the
older
gentleman
to
join
me.He
was
hesitant，but
I
insisted.”由于我的桌子有足够的空间，我立刻起身邀请那位年长的先生和我一块。他犹豫了，但我坚持。可推断出，是作者的善良使作者邀请这位老绅士加入的，故选A。]
3．What
are
the
four
large
books
about?
A．Personal
changes.
B．The
secret
of
success.
C．Sayings
of
wisdom.
D．The
gentleman's
legend.
B [根据倒数第四段“Kop
Kopmeyer
had
written
four
large
books，each
of
which
contained
250
success
principles
that
he
had
obtained
from
more
than
fifty
years
of
research
and
study.”可判断出，这四本书是关于成功的秘密的，故选B。]
6Ⅰ.匹配词义
A.单词匹配
( )1.client
A．n.细胞
( )2.cell
B．n.客户，客人，顾客
( )3.cycle
C．adj.机械的
( )4.mechanical
D．adj.有故障的，有缺陷的
( )5.faulty
E．n.自行车
[答案] 1－5 BAECD
B.短语匹配
( )1.bank
on
A．很有可能，肯定会
( )2.on
the
horizon
B．依靠，指望
( )3.be
bound
to
C．将要发生
[答案] 1－3 BCA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．cite
v.
引用，引述
2．assess
v.
评价，评定
3．bound
adj.
可能的
4．demand
n.
需要，需求
5．tightly
adv.
紧紧地
6．desperate
adj.
拼命的，绝望的
7．clue
n.
线索，提示
8．consistent
adj.
一贯的，一致的
Ⅰ.语境填空
faulty，client，tightly，assess，cited，clues，desperate，demand，bound，cycle
1．James
went
to
his
daughter
and
hugged
her
tightly．
2．She
can't
come
to
the
telephone;
she's
serving
a
client．
3．Perhaps
anger
had
clouded
his
vision，perhaps
his
judgment
had
been
faulty．
4．This
is
similar
to
the
example
cited
above.
5．The
committee
must
assess
the
relative
importance
of
the
issues.
6．It
is
our
demand
that
she
should
go
there.
7．They
made
a
desperate
attempt
to
save
the
company.
8．So
far，the
police
haven't
got
any
clues
as
to
the
motive
for
the
crime.
9．My
cycle
is
broken，so
I
shall
have
to
walk.
10．He
is
bound
to
succeed
in
his
enterprise.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．She
spoke
mechanically(mechanical)，as
if
thinking
of
something
else.
2．In
her
anger
she
compressed
her
lips
so
tightly(tight)that
they
went
white.
3．This
faulty(fault)connection
is
the
source
of
the
engine
trouble.
4．Her
work
has
been
of
a
consistently(consistent)high
standard.
5．He
cut
desperately(desperate)at
the
rope
in
an
attempt
to
free
his
foot.
6．This
is
a
very
perceptive
assessment(assess)of
the
situation.
1．He's
at
the
rocket
station，going
through
the
tests.
他在火箭站，正在接受测试。
2．Robutt
is
just
adjusted
to
act
as
though
it
loves
you.
罗巴特只是被调节得表现出它好像喜欢你。
3．But，Dad，we
don't
know
what's
inside
the
dog，or
what
his
feelings
are.Maybe
it's
just
acting，too.
但是，爸爸，我们不知道狗的内心世界是什么，或者他的情感是什么。也许它也是在假装的呢。
4．I
love
Robutt
and
that's
what
counts.
我喜欢罗巴特，这是最重要的。
1课时分层作业(十二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A
company
has
designed
a
water
bottle，the
Memobottle，which
is
ideal
for
the
office
worker's
bag，because
it's
completely
flat.With
the
same
shape
as
a
piece
of
paper，the
Memobottle
is
a
reusable
water
bottle
that
slides
into
your
bag
to
lie
next
to
books
and
laptops.The
bottle，which
can
also
be
washed
in
a
dishwasher，is
designed
to
help
reduce
the
number
of
plastic
bottles
in
landfills(废物填埋场).
Two
creative
people
Jesse
Leeworthy
and
Jonathan
Byrt，both
28，designed
the
bottle
to
be
convenient
to
carry
and
environmentally
friendly.It
is
made
from
a
durable
and
dishwasher?friendly“green”plastic.
Leeworthy
and
Byrt，from
Australia，say
more
than
600
billion
single?use
bottles
were
sold
globally
last
year.In
America
alone，studies
show
that
around
1，500
single?use
water
bottle
are
consumed
every
second—only
20
percent
of
these
are
recycled.And
the
cost
of
buying
more
and
more
plastic
bottles
adds
to—the
pair
say
that
bottled
water
costs
approximately
1，400
times
more
than
tap
water.
“We've
always
been
passionate
about
the
environment，”said
Leeworthy.“For
years
we
have
been
focused
on
creative
design
that
provides
environmental
remedy
while
improving
social
convenience.The
Memobottle
was
designed
to
overcome
the
two
problems
that
we
see
in
our
society:
our
attachment
to
the
outdoors，and
our
inability
to
fit
water
bottles
in
laptop
bags.”
The
bottle
will
be
available
in
three
different
sizes—A5
which
holds
750
ml，A4
which
holds
1.25
litres
and
letter
size
which
stores
1.25
litres.The
product
is
seeking
funding
on
Kickstarter
and
has
already
soared(飙升)past
its
primary
goal
of
raising
￡8，310，reaching
it
in
just
36
hours.Jonathan
Byrt
said，“The
feedback
we've
received
has
been
overwhelmingly
positive!
The
email
of
support
and
interest，and
social
media
comments
have
been
amazing！”
The
product
is
expected
to
be
on
the
market
by
Christmas
and
will
be
available
for
global
delivery.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新式的水瓶。新设计的水瓶的主要特点是实用、环保，而圆形水瓶已经过时了。
1．What
is
the
main
character
of
the
newly?designed
water
bottle?
A．Clean
and
easy
to
wash.
B．Practical
and
friendly
to
the
environment.
C．Flat
and
popular
with
housewives.
D．Cheap
and
convenient
to
carry
in
bags.
B [推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，新设计的水瓶的主要特点是实用、环保。故选B。]
2．What
are
the
two
designers
most
concerned
about?
A．Materials
and
shape.
B．Price
and
production.
C．Comments
and
popularity.
D．Environment
and
convenience.
D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘We've
always
been
passionate
about
the
environment，’said
Leeworthy.‘For
years
we
have
been
focused
on
creative
design
that
provides
environmental
remedy
while
improving
social
convenience...’”可知，这两位设计师最关心的是环境和方便。故选D。]
3．What
is
people's
attitude
towards
the
water
bottle?
A．Opposed.
B．Indifferent.
C．Supportive.
D．Doubtful.
C [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The
feedback
we've
received
has
been
overwhelmingly
positive!
The
email
of
support
and
interest，and
social
media
comments
have
been
amazing！”和最后一段内容可知，人们对水瓶持支持的态度。故选C。]
4．What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A．The
Way
to
Protect
Water
Resource
B．Round
Water
Bottles
Are
Out
of
Date
C．Seeking
Fund
for
an
Ideal
Water
Bottle
D．Two
Creative
Australian
Young
Designers
B [标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“A
company
has
designed
a
water
bottle，the
Memobottle，which
is
ideal
for
the
office
worker's
bag，because
it's
completely
flat.With
the
same
shape
as
a
piece
of
paper，the
Memobottle
is
a
reusable
water
bottle
that
slides
into
your
bag
to
lie
next
to
books
and
laptops.”可知，本文介绍了一种新式的水瓶，而圆形水瓶已经过时了。故选B。]
B
In
the
future，when
robots
can
be
used
both
in
homes
and
in
other
areas，they
could
improve
the
living
standards
of
people.Many
people
burn
their
energy
on
their
day?to?day
tasks
like
cooking，cleaning
after
work，etc.When
robots
can
complete
such
jobs，people
can
spend
more
time
with
their
family
and
friends.Experts
say
that
many
major
problems
in
the
modern
world
are
caused
by
miscommunication.When
people
have
more
time，they
can
talk
freely
to
solve
such
issues
and
eventually
create
a
happy
society.
Robots
can
be
used
on
certain
jobs
to
avoid
accidents
caused
by
careless
behavior
of
some
people.When
robots
are
used
on
such
work，it
does
not
risk
any
human
life
due
to
accidents
at
the
workplace.Human
resources
can
be
efficiently
used
by
performing
tasks
which
demand
human
skills
like
critical
thinking
and
problem
solving.Robots
can
be
used
on
low?end
jobs
like
moving
heavy
things
and
heavy
weight
lifting.
While
some
people
talk
about
how
robots
can
be
useful
to
humans，others
voice
their
concerns
about
reduction
in
human
value
and
the
creation
of
a
lazy
society
due
to
heavy
dependency
on
robots.When
robots
become
cheaper
to
produce，employers
may
prefer
to
use
more
robots
than
humans.As
the
technology
constantly
improves
the
abilities
of
robots，it
could
weaken
the
value
of
humans.Many
people
may
rely
on
robots
heavily.Some
may
even
develop
the
habit
of
using
robots
on
tasks
that
they
can
easily
do.This
could
create
a
lazy
society.
As
an
aging
society，Japan
sees
it
as
a
must
to
build
robots
that
take
care
of
elderly
people
at
their
homes，because
without
them，the
nation's
health
care
system
can't
cope.There
will
simply
be
too
many
elderly
people
to
care
for
as
the
nation
faces
a
decreasing
birth
rate，an
aging
population，and
the
loosening
of
family
ties.However，many
of
Japan's
elderly
people
would
prefer
human
helpers
rather
than
robots.Above
all，Japan
wants，if
not“needs”，its
dreams
of
robots
in
the
home
to
come
true
because
its
immigration(移民)policy
is
anti?immigration.
In
conclusion，robots
can
be
used
on
anything
that
can
eventually
improve
humans'
living
standards
but
we
can't
depend
on
them
too
much.Robots
can
be
used
to
help
humans
live
in
harmony
and
form
a
happy
society.
【语篇解读】 机器人在家庭和工作场所的应用将给人们的生活和工作带来极大的便利，但过度依赖机器人将使人类变懒。
5．According
to
the
first
paragraph，when
robots
can
be
used
in
homes，________．
A．people
will
spend
more
time
on
their
work
B．there
will
be
more
misunderstandings
between
humans
C．people's
living
standards
will
be
improved
D．people
may
communicate
more
with
robots
than
human
beings
C [细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In
the
future，when
robots...improve
the
living
standards
of
people.”可知，机器人在家庭中的使用将提高人们的生活水平。]
6．Compared
with
humans，robots
are
better
at________．
A．problem
solving
B．communicating
with
others
C．critical
thinking
D．working
safely
D [细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Robots
can
be
used
on
certain
jobs
to
avoid
accidents
caused
by
careless
behavior
of
some
people.”可知，与人类相比，机器人更擅长安全工作。]
7．Some
people
worry
that
with
more
robots
being
used________．
A．people
will
be
unwilling
to
work
hard
B．human
resources
won't
be
needed
at
the
workplace
C．it
will
be
harder
to
improve
the
abilities
of
robots
D．robots
will
be
beyond
our
control
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...others
voice
their
concerns
about
reduction
in
human
value
and
the
creation
of
a
lazy
society...”可知，一些人担心随着机器人使用的增加人们将不愿再努力工作。]
8．What
can
we
infer
from
Paragraph
4?
A．Japan
will
try
to
develop
robots
to
be
used
in
the
home.
B．The
robots
are
well
received
by
elderly
people
in
Japan.
C．The
Japanese
government
encourages
foreigners
to
move
to
Japan.
D．Most
Japanese
citizens
are
against
robots
in
the
home.
A [推理判断题。由文章第四段第一句和最后一句可知日本认为必须生产机器人照顾老人，希望在家庭中使用机器人的梦想能够实现，从而可推知日本将大力发展机器人产业。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When
Lisa
was
a
little
girl，she
learned
an
important
lesson
from
her
father.Her
father
told
her
that
when
facing
a
problem，she
should
never
give
up.Instead，she
should
try
another
solution.In
the
following
years，Lisa
always
remembered
her
father's
words.
When
Lisa
was
little，she
dreamed
of
becoming
a
fashion
designer.It
was
always
her
dream.But
it
was
not
an
easy
road.After
leaving
college，Lisa
went
to
Paris
with
her
designs
in
order
to
make
her
dream
come
true.In
Paris，she
tried
to
talk
to
famous
designers
and
show
them
some
of
her
designs，but
none
of
them
showed
any
interest.
Though
Lisa
was
discouraged，she
didn't
give
up.One
day，at
a
friend's
party，she
was
introduced
to
a
young
lady
who
was
dressed
in
a
beautiful
knitted(编织的)sweater.It
wasn't
a
fancy
color，but
it
did
have
very
special
stitches(针法).Lisa
asked
that
lady
if
she
knitted
it
herself.She
said
it
was
a
work
of
a
lady
in
Paris.
Lisa
really
loved
the
special
stitches
and
wanted
to
include
them
in
her
designs.And
then
Lisa
had
an
even
braver
idea.“Why
not
own
a
fashion
store
of
my
own？That
way，I
could
design，make
and
sell
my
own
clothes，”she
thought.So
she
decided
to
begin
with
that
kind
of
sweaters.
Lisa's
friend
introduced
her
to
Madam
Dean
who
knitted
that
sweater.The
lady
was
from
Armenia
and
she
learned
to
knit
that
kind
of
sweater
from
people
in
her
country.
Lisa
drew
a
picture
of
a
sweater
and
asked
Madam
Dean
to
knit
the
sweater
for
her.Madam
Dean
agreed.One
week
later，Lisa
got
the
sweater.The
following
day
after
Lisa
received
it，she
wore
it
to
a
party
in
the
fashion
industry.
Lisa
was
very
nervous
but
she
was
lucky.Not
long
after
the
party
began，her
sweater
drew
the
attention
of
a
store
owner
from
New
York.She
wanted
to
order
40
such
sweaters
in
two
weeks.Lisa
was
really
happy
and
accepted
the
order.
Paragraph
1：
The
next
day，Lisa
told
the
good
news
to
Madam
Dean.___________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
Lisa
then
remembered
her
father's
words._______________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Paragraph
1：
The
next
day，Lisa
told
the
good
news
to
Madam
Dean.She
told
her
about
the
order.Madam
Dean
almost
shouted
when
she
learned
about
that.“What?
40
such
sweaters
in
two
weeks?
That's
impossible!
Do
you
know
how
long
it
took
me
to
make
the
sweater
for
you?
It
took
me
one
week，”said
Madam
Dean.Lisa
was
very
sad
to
hear
that.But
she
didn't
want
to
lose
such
a
great
opportunity.It
was
really
important
to
her.
Paragraph
2：
Lisa
then
remembered
her
father's
words.She
decided
to
find
another
solution.She
thought
that
Madam
Dean
might
not
be
the
only
one
in
Paris
who
knew
how
to
knit
that
kind
of
sweater.She
asked
Madam
Dean
if
she
knew
anyone
else
who
could
help
her.Madam
Dean
then
started
to
make
some
phone
calls.Finally，she
found
20
women
who
agreed
to
help
her.At
last，all
the
sweaters
were
finished
in
two
weeks.The
sweaters
were
all
delivered
to
New
York
on
time.Lisa
was
closer
to
her
dream.
1
