主语从句
在复合句中，作主语的从句称为主语从句。
一、主语从句的引导词及其在句中的功能
(一)连接词that和whether
[观察例句]
1．That
she
could
come
to
help
us
made
us
very
happy.
2．That
the
big
earthquake
had
killed
many
people
frightened
people
all
over
the
world.
3．Whether
we
go
by
train
or
by
boat
makes
no
difference.
4．It
is
still
unknown
whether
the
plan
will
be
carried
out.
[归纳用法]
1．that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不能省略。
2．whether引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，但有自己的意义，不可省略。
[名师点津]
whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾(前面需用it作形式主语)。
(二)连接代词who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever，whomever，whatever等
[观察例句]
1．Who
will
take
his
place
is
not
important.
2．What
role
he
will
play
in
the
film
hasn't
been
known.
3．Whatever
you
do
in
your
spare
time
should
do
no
harm
to
others.
[归纳用法]
连接代词引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
(三)连接副词when，where，how，why等
[观察例句]
1．Where
the
English
evening
will
be
held
has
not
yet
been
decided.
2．When
we
will
have
a
meeting
is
an
important
question.
3．Why
John
was
late
for
the
class
has
been
unexplained.
[归纳用法]
连接副词引导主语从句，并在从句中作状语。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①It
doesn't
matter
whether
you
pay
in
cash
or
by
credit
card
in
the
store.
②What
makes
the
book
so
extraordinary
is
the
creative
imagination
of
the
writer.
③When
the
delayed
flight
will
take
off
depends
much
on
the
weather.
二、主语从句与形式主语it
1．It
be＋名词词组＋主语从句
常用于这种句型的名词词组有a
pity，a
shame，a
fact，an
honour，a
wonder，no
wonder等。
It's
a
pity
(that)you
can't
attend
my
birthday
party.
很可惜你不能参加我的生日聚会。
It's
no
wonder
that
she
speaks
English
so
well.
难怪她英语说得那么好。
2．It
be＋形容词＋主语从句
It
is
obvious
that
the
manager
of
the
coffee
shop
was
waiting
for
Li
Fang
to
leave.
很明显咖啡店的经理在等李方离开。
It
is
very
important
that
a
student
(should)learn
English
well.
学生学好英语很重要。
3．It
be＋过去分词＋主语从句
It's
suggested
that
the
old
man
(should)go
home
to
have
a
rest.
建议这位老人回家去休息一下。
It
is
said
that
that
is
where
the
famous
singer
was
born.
据说，那就是那位著名的歌星出生的地方。
4．It＋不及物动词(happen，seem，appear，etc.)＋主语从句
It
seems
to
me
that
you
disagree
to
the
plan.
在我看来，你好像不赞成这个计划。
It
happened
to
me
that
I
had
been
away
when
he
called.
他打电话时，我正好不在家。
5．It＋及物动词＋宾语＋that从句
It
surprised
him
that
they
came
to
visit
him
suddenly.
让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。
It
worried
her
a
bit
that
her
hair
was
turning
grey.
她的头发在变白，这让她有点担心。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①It
remains
to
be
seen
whether
the
newly
formed
committee's
policy
can
be
put
into
practice.
②It
suddenly
occurred
to
him
that
he
had
left
his
keys
in
the
office.
③It
is
often
the
case
that
anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
三、主语从句的注意事项
(一)从句的语序
[观察例句]
1．Whichever
of
you
gets
here
first
will
get
the
prize.
2．How
he
succeeded
is
still
a
puzzle.
[归纳用法]
在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语序。
(二)主谓一致
[观察例句]
1．What
they
need
are
books.
2．What
they
need
is
love.
3．When
they
will
start
and
where
they
will
go
have
not
been
decided
yet.
4．When
and
where
the
meeting
will
be
held
has
not
been
decided.
[归纳用法]
1．从句作主语时，后面的谓语一般用单数形式；但what和who引导的主语从句，后面的谓语应与作表语的名词在数上保持一致。
2．如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①What
you
need
is(be)more
practice.
②What
you
need
are(be)file
folders
for
your
stuff.
③When
and
where
they
had
the
party
was(be)unknown.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Whether
he
can
do
it
is
a
problem.
2．It
makes
no
difference
to
me
whether
you
like
it
or
not.
3．Whoever
does
wrong
to
his
country
or
to
the
people
deserves
punishment.
4．Which
charity
they
will
go
to
has
not
been
decided.
5．Why
he
turned
down
the
invitation
was
not
clear.
6．That
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun
is
known
to
us
all.
7．What
side
effect
this
medicine
has
is
not
known
to
the
patient.
8．It
is
still
unknown
whether
the
medicine
will
be
effective
to
human
beings.
9．It
is
not
clear
how
he
got
here
without
any
money.
10．What
she
couldn't
understand
was
that
fewer
and
fewer
students
showed
interest
in
science.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．It
is
suggested
that
we
(should)provide
opportunities
for
employees
to
learn
the
latest
technology.
有人建议我们应该给员工提供学习先进技术的机会。
2．It
is
a
pity
that
we
cannot
solve
the
problem.
很可惜，我们不能解决这个问题。
3．What
we
need
to
do
is
to
think
of
new
ways
to
improve
the
situation.
我们需要做的是想出新办法来改善现状。
4．Where
we
will
spend
our
holiday
has
not
been
decided.
我们要去哪儿度假还没有决定。
5．Why
he
failed
the
biology
exam
isn't
clear.
他为什么没有通过生物考试还不清楚。
6．Who
made
the
long
distance
call
is
not
important.
谁打的长途电话并不重要。
7．It
is
necessary
that
we
(should)have
breakfast．
我们吃早餐是有必要的。
1课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
set
the
table
for
eight
people，on
the
assumption
that
Jo
would
come.
2．Tom's
room
is
in
a
frightful(fright)mess.
3．The
actual
process，however，is
totally
beyond
our(we)comprehension.
4．We
can't
assign
jealousy
as
the
motive
for
the
crime.
5．He
speaks
with
a
mixture
of
accents(accent).
6．But
like
most
novelists(novelist)，he
plans
to
draw
on
his
childhood.
7．Their
findings(finding)have
been
widely
spread.
8．Money
kept
in
a
saving(save)
bank
will
accrue
to
you
with
interest.
9．The
resultant
material
was
to
be
studied
by
experts
in
psychology.
10．He
wanted
to
command
nature
for
the
service
and
welfare
of
man.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I
am
a
volunteer
in
the
Friendly
Visiting
Program.I
visit
an
elder
who
does
not
seem
__1__
because
her
son
and
grandchildren
live
upstairs
with
her.__2__，she
has
a
special
disease
and
__3__
this
condition
she
cannot
__4__
the
house
alone.For
whatever
reasons，her
family
is
too
nervous
or
__5__
to
take
her
out
of
the
house
with
her
oxygen
tank.I
will
admit
at
first
I
was
nervous
too！But
she
is
a
fiercely
independent
lady
and
can
__6__
it
with
ease.
Since
her
loneliness
comes
from
staying
__7__
so
long，we
meet
about
every
other
week.We
go
to
IHOP
and
I
get
to
__8__
her
amazing
stories
such
as
when
she
first
moved
to
Boston
from
Ireland，__9__
she
first
met
her
husband
and
about
her
large
family.She
often
__10__
at
the
end
of
our
meetings，saying
I
had
no
chance
to
cut
in.I
am
a
chatty
person
but
with
her
all
I
want
to
do
is
__11__．Often，her
family
members
have
heard
these
__12__
and
may
take
them
for
granted，but
for
me
they
are
__13__
and
interesting.We
often
stay
at
IHOP
for
2
hours
taking
advantage
of
the
free
flowing
coffee.
It
is
nice
to
know
that
when
I
drop
her
back
off
at
home
she
is
not
completely
lonely.But
I
also
see
the
real
__14__
our
meetings
make.There
have
been
times
when，because
of
her
__15__
issues，we
have
not
seen
one
another
for
a
month
or
two
and
we
miss
each
other
terribly.I
feel
very
lucky
to
have
a
friend
like
her.
【语篇解读】 作者作为一名志愿者来照顾一位有特殊疾病的老人，和老人在一起，听老人讲有关她的有趣的故事这不仅让老人不寂寞，也让作者感觉非常高兴和幸运。
1．A.friendly
B．happy
C．lonely
D．kind
C [根据下一句中的“because
her
son
and
grandchildren
live
upstairs
with
her”可知，她的儿孙们和她一起住在楼上。和儿孙在一起，她应该不孤单(lonely)。故选C。]
2．A.Therefore
B．However
C．Otherwise
D．Instead
B [分析上下文的内容可知，前后两句是转折关系，故选B。]
3．A.due
to
B．instead
of
C．beyond
D．out
of
A [因为这种情况(有病)，她无法独自离开房间。根据句意可知，是因为病情才不能出去，故是因果关系，应选A。]
4．A.occupy
B．repair
C．leave
D．decorate
C [根据下一句中的“to
take
her
out
of
the
house
with
her
oxygen
tank”可知，老人出门要带着氧气罐，所以她自己不能独自离开(leave)房子。故选C项。]
5．A.eager
B．glad
C．shocked
D．inconvenient
D [根据“to
take
her
out
of
the
house
with
her
oxygen
tank”可知，带老人出去不方便(inconvenient)，故选D项。]
6．A.finish
B．handle
C．face
D．cure
B [根据前一句“But
she
is
a
fiercely
independent
lady”可知，她是一个非常独立的女士，所以可以轻松应付处理(handle)。]
7．A.indoors
B．silent
C．upstairs
D．healthy
A [因为她的寂寞源于待在室内太久，所以我们每隔一周见面一次。根据前面的文章内容可知，老人不方便出门，故是在室内待久了。故选A。]
8．A.tell
B．write
C．hear
D．record
C [根据下文“her
amazing
stories
such
as
when
she
first
moved
to
Boston
from
Ireland”可知，老人讲她的故事，我是听(hear)故事的。故选C项。]
9．A.why
B．that
C．which
D．how
D [她是如何第一次见到她的丈夫的。根据常识应该是讲述两人是如何相遇相识的，故选D项。]
10．A.apologizes
B．complains
C．cries
D．responds
A [根据语境可知，老人总是向作者讲述自己的故事，因此老人认为她让作者没有机会插嘴而向作者道歉(apologize)。故选A。]
11．A.laugh
B．listen
C．sit
D．speak
B [根据转折连词but可知，前后意思相反。前一句作者说自己是一个喜欢聊天的人，but后面的内容与之相反就是不说话，即只是听(listen)故事，故选B。]
12．A.stories
B．songs
C．suggestions
D．poems
A [老人的家人经常听到这些故事(story)，故选A。]
13．A.familiar
B．new
C．similar
D．necessary
B [根据常识，作者是一个志愿者，对于作者来说所听到的故事自然都是新的(new)和有趣的。故B项正确。]
14．A.trouble
B．progress
C．difference
D．adjustment
C [但是我看到了我们见面的真正意义。make
a
difference为固定搭配，意为“有关系，有影响”。分析选项可知C项符合语境。]
15．A.marriage
B．family
C．address
D．health
D [根据前面内容可知，老人的身体不好，可推断出因为身体健康(health)问题，可能会一两个月不见面。分析选项并结合语境可知D项正确。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
One
day，I
was
comfortably
waiting
for
my
flight
with
a
good
book
to
read
when
1.______
elderly
lady
was
wheeled
to
our
waiting
area.I
noticed
the
trouble
she
was
having
2.________(try)to
open
a
packet
of
nuts
with
her
shaking
hands.No
one
else
was
willing
to
meet
her
gaze
(目光)，so
I
3.________(offer)to
help.The
lady
was
very
grateful.We
sat
and
chatted.The
time
came
to
board
the
plane.She
could
walk
but
needed
some
4.________(assist)，so
I
volunteered
to
help
her
and
carry
her
bag.
As
I
helped
her
get
5.________(settle)，I
noticed
her“seat
mate”，a
businessman，looked
a
bit
horrified
at
having
to
make
the
flight
with
her.He
offered
to
change
6.________(seat)with
me—and
I
agreed.We
had
a
long
chat.As
we
were
entering
another
country
we
needed
to
fill
out
forms.I
offered
to
fill
7.________(her)out
because
of
her
shaking
hands.We
landed
and
I
needed
to
change
planes，but
I
helped
her
first.The
wheelchair
she
ordered
was
nowhere
to
be
seen
so
we
slowly
walked
to
the
gate
8.________
her
daughter
was
waiting.
As
a
result，I
had
to
run
to
catch
my
connection
but，as
I
thought
about
the
experience，I
saw
her
9.______
my
airport
angel，a
chance
for
me
to
hope
that
in
the
future
when
I'm
in
my
eighties
and
travelling，someone
will
take
the
time
10.________(connect)with
me.
【语篇解读】 本文属于记叙文，讲述作者在机场和飞机上帮助一位行动不便的老太太，希望以后自己年老时别人也能同样帮助自己。
1．an [考查冠词。句意为：一天，我在读着一本好书等待我的航班，正在这时，一位老太太坐着轮椅来到候机室。由于第一次提及老太太，故用不定冠词，elderly为元音音素开头，故用an。]
2．trying [考查非谓语动词。句意为：我注意到她用她颤抖的双手打开一袋坚果有困难。have
trouble
(in)doing
sth.为固定短语，in可以省略，故用现在分词trying。]
3．offered [考查一般过去时。句意为：没人愿意帮忙，因此我主动帮忙。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，由于是陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时offered。]
4．assistance [考查名词。句意为：她能行走，但是需要一些帮助。分析句子可知，本句缺乏宾语，故用assist的名词形式assistance。]
5．settled [考查非谓语动词。句意为：当我帮她坐到自己的位置时，我注意到她旁边是一个商人，因为要与老太太一道坐飞机感到很厌恶。分析句子可知，空处为结构get
sth.done让某事被做；get
her
settled把她安置下来，settle与其逻辑主语her为动宾关系，故用过去分词settled。]
6．seats [考查名词。句意为：他主动提出和我换位置，我同意了。根据文章可知，商人不愿意与老太太坐在一起，所以交换位置，故用seats。]
7．hers [考查名词性物主代词。句意为：由于她双手不便，因此我帮她填写了表格。空处作fill的宾语且后面没有名词，所以用名词性物主代词hers。]
8．where [考查关系副词。句意为：由于没看见她预订的轮椅，因此我们慢慢地走向机场出口，她女儿在那里等她。分析句子可知，her
daughter
was
waiting作定语修饰先行词the
gate，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。]
9．as [考查介词。句意为：但是我回想这次经历，我把这位老太太视为我的机场天使。固定短语see
sb. as
把某人视作，故用介词as。]
10．to
connect [考查动词不定式。句意为：希望在我八十多岁旅行的时候，有人能够花点时间帮助我。分析句子可知，本句为take
time
to
do
sth.花时间做某事，故用不定式to
connect。]
2课时分层作业(一)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I
am
tired
of
having
to
pretend(假装)all
the
time.
2．Are
you
saying
that
our
only
fault
is
to
be
self?critical(自我批评)?
3．This
is
the
identical(完全相同的)knife
with
which
the
murder
was
committed.
4．Getting
that
job
did
a
lot
to
boost(促进)his
confidence.
5．Finally
the
head
teacher
took
him
to
a
different
dormitory(学生宿舍楼).
6．I
did
not
acknowledge(承认)that
he
had
done
anything
wrong.
7．After
the
accident，the
doctor
gave
her
some
pills(药片)to
calm
her
down.
8．Don't
let
his
criticisms
bother(使苦恼)you.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
There
is
a
giant
mirror
in
my
hometown，covering
one
side
of
a
building
that
I
had
to
walk
past
to
get
to
school.When
I
was
a
teenager，I
learned
to
take
a
different
route.The
mirror
was
clean
and
shiny，and
I
saw
myself
in
reflection，plodding
(沉重地走)down
the
hill
without
grace
or
charm.Suddenly，I
could
see
the
truth
so
plainly:
however
long
I
spent
applying
makeup
or
adjusting
my
outfit
or
preparing
myself
to
go
out，I
couldn't
see
the“beautiful”me
I
had
imagined.
When
I
was
a
teenager，the
widespread
message
that“everyone
is
beautiful”was
deeply
rooted
in
my
mind.I
admired
beauty
so
much
because
I
often
felt
awkward
as
a
teenager
and
beauty
seemed
to
be
the
most
important
goal.To
be
beautiful
was
to
have
power
over
others.It
was
much
more
difficult
to
make
a
beautiful
girl
seem
foolish
than
it
was
an
average
looking
one，I
thought.
Eventually
I
grew
up，and
my
obsession
(迷恋)，seemingly，faded.Much
worse
things
than
not
being
beautiful
happened
to
me.I
was
ashamed
that
at
the
age
of
28，I
had
to
move
back
home
and
live
with
my
parents
for
a
whole
month
because
I
was
too
broke
to
pay
the
rent.Yet，the
embarrassment
I
felt
as
a
teenager
about
not
fitting
some
ideal
of
beauty
never
went
away.The
returning
awareness
of
my
physical
shortcomings，the
mirror's
sharp
reminder，kept
telling
me
whatever
else
I
am，I
would
never
be
that.
After
years
of
trying
to
be
beautiful，now，for
the
first
time，I'm
coming
to
realize
that
I
don't
have
to
be.I'm
increasingly
convinced
the
idea
that“everyone
is
beautiful”isn't
only
less
important
than
we
might
like
to
believe，but
also
quite
harmful.Wouldn't
it
be
liberating
(使得到释放的)to
admit
that
most
people
are
not
beautiful?
I
wonder
what
it
would
be
like
to
grow
up
in
a
world
where
being
beautiful
is
not
seen
as
a
necessity，but
instead
a
nice
thing
some
people
are
born
with
and
some
people
aren't，like
a
talent
for
swimming，or
playing
the
piano.Some
people
have
other
talents.
It
has
seemed
to
take
up
so
much
of
my
life，being
desperate
to
not
only
be
acceptable
to
look
at，but
also
stunning
(极美的)，exceptional
(非凡的)and
enchanting
(迷人的).What
might
I
have
experienced
if
I
had
not
been
trying
to
achieve“beauty”？
What
would
it
have
been
like
to
pass
that
mirror
in
my
hometown，and
to
see
myself
—
on
the
way
to
the
library，or
a
party
with
friends
—
and
simply
felt
glad
that
I
was
able
to
do
those
things
with
a
body
that
allowed
me
to?
Everybody
is
beautiful，we're
told.But
why
should
we
have
to
be?
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章首先介绍了小时候作者一直被灌输的“每一个人都是漂亮的”的思想，作者也痴迷于让自己变得漂亮，但是最后作者意识到，漂亮并没有那么重要。
1．What
does
the
underlined
word“outfit”in
the
first
paragraph
mean?
A．Attitude.
B．Lifestyle.
C．Costume.
D．Voice.
C [词义猜测题。根据第一段中“however
long
I
spent
applying
makeup
or
adjusting
my
outfit
or
preparing
myself
to
go
out，I
couldn't
see
the‘beautiful’me
I
had
imagined(无论我花多长时间化妆或整理着装，或为出门而让自己准备充分，我都无法让自己看起来如我想象的那样漂亮)”可知，作者为了让自己看起来漂亮，在出门前作者会花大量的时间化妆，或者整理着装。化妆和衣着是让自己看起来漂亮的两个主要方面，因此此处outfit意为“着装”。costume与outfit意义相近。故选C。]
2．What
can
we
learn
about
the
author
from
Paragraph
3?
A．Her
obsession
with
a
beautiful
appearance
was
gone
as
she
grew
up.
B．She
stopped
worrying
about
her
appearance
because
she
turned
pretty.
C．She
still
felt
embarrassed
every
time
she
passed
the
giant
mirror.
D．Her
financial
trouble
kept
her
from
caring
about
her
looks
anymore.
C [推理判断题。根据第三段中“Yet，the
embarrassment
I
felt
as
a
teenager
about
not
fitting
some
ideal
of
beauty
never
went
away.”以及“the
mirror's
sharp
reminder，kept
telling
me
whatever
else
I
am，I
would
never
be
that”可知，作者对于自己达不到漂亮的标准而感到尴尬，而且镜子的提醒依然存在。由此可判断出，作者每次经过大镜子的时候仍然感到尴尬。故选C。]
3．What's
the
purpose
of
the
author
in
writing
this
article?
A．To
entertain
readers
with
her
mirror?related
life
story.
B．To
teach
readers
that
everyone
can
be
beautiful.
C．To
criticize
those
who
overrate
(高估)their
appearances.
D．To
convince
readers
appearance
is
not
a
necessity.
D [推理判断题。通览全文，特别是根据最后一段的“Everybody
is
beautiful，we're
told.But
why
should
we
have
to
be？”(我们被告知每个人都很漂亮。但为什么我们必须漂亮？)可知，作者一直被灌输的“每一个人都是漂亮的”的思想，也曾痴迷于让自己变得漂亮，但是最后作者意识到，漂亮并没有那么重要，可知作者是想通过本文让大家相信漂亮外表并不是必需的。故选D。]
B
I
was
sitting
in
a
fast
food
restaurant
with
my
two
children，who
at
the
time
were
about
6
and
9.Inside
there
was
also
a
group
of
teens
in
goth(粗野的)dress
and
appearance.Everyone
kept
away
from
them
inside
the
restaurant.
Outside
the
restaurant，the
same
people
jumped
past
the
homeless
man
searching
the
garbage
bin，who
was
looking
for
food
or
perhaps
a
cigarette.I
too
had
rushed
past
him
with
my
youngsters，refusing
his
request
for
money
but
thinking
maybe，just
maybe，I
would
bring
him
some
food.It
turns
out
I
didn't
have
to.
One
of
the
goth
youths
jumped
up，went
to
the
counter
and
ordered
more
food，which
she
then
took
outside
to
the
homeless
man
and
sat
on
the
bench
with
him，chatting
away
as
he
ate.He
didn't
say
much
—
he
was
greedy
—
but
I
think
I
saw
a
bit
of
a
smile
and
a
glint
in
his
eyes
as
he
nodded
to
her
questions.
Writing
this
now，several
years
later
I
still
choke
up.That
girl
was
a
model
citizen
living
the
values
of
goodness
and
kindness.These
are
values
I
have
always
held
high
and
hoped
to
teach
my
kids.She
made
my
job
much
easier.We
stopped
by
on
our
way
out
and
thanked
her
for
setting
such
a
positive
example
for
us.I
hope
that
hearing
that
made
as
much
of
a
difference
in
her
life
as
seeing
what
she
did
has
made
to
ours.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者目睹了一个穿着和外表怪异的女孩给流浪汉买食物的一幕。作者认为这个女孩虽然打扮怪异，却有一颗善良的心。甚至多年后，这个女孩仍让作者深受感动。
4．Why
did
people
keep
away
from
the
teens
in
the
fast?food
restaurant?
A．Because
they
were
dressed
in
goth
dress
and
appearance.
B．Because
they
were
too
young
to
pay
their
meal.
C．Because
they
liked
to
quarrel
with
others.
D．Because
they
killed
two
children.
A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Inside
there
was
also
a
group
of
teens
in
goth(粗野的)dress
and
appearance.Everyone
kept
away
from
them
inside
the
restaurant.”可知，在快餐店，人们远离那几个青少年是因为他们怪异的穿着和外表，故A项正确。]
5．What
did
the
man
want
the
author
to
do?
A．Help
him
get
money.
B．Bring
him
some
food.
C．Provide
him
for
money.
D．Refuse
to
take
care
of
him.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“homeless
man”及“I
too
had
rushed
past
him
with
my
youngsters，refusing
his
request
for
money”可知，作者和孩子从流浪汉身边走过，拒绝了他要钱的请求，由此可知，那个流浪汉想让作者给他点钱，故C项正确。]
6．What
word
can
the
underlined
word“glint”mean
in
Paragraph
3?
A．flash
B．gloom
C．surprise
D．happiness
A [词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“a
smile
and”可知，and连接两个并列的名词，与smile并列的自然是眼里的光芒，因此此处是说，我看到了他脸上露出的一丝的微笑和眼里闪烁的光芒，由此可知画线词词义为“光芒”，故A项正确。]
7．What
can
we
learn
about
the
author
from
the
passage?
A．The
author
is
also
a
model
citizen
like
the
girl.
B．The
author
sets
a
good
example
for
the
girl.
C．The
author
is
deeply
moved
by
the
girl.
D．The
author
has
sympathy
for
the
girl.
C [推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的“Writing
this
now，several
years
later
I
still
choke
up.”可知，本文主要讲述了作者亲眼目睹了一个穿着和外表怪异的女孩给流浪汉买食物的一幕，作者认为这个女孩虽然打扮怪异，却有一颗善良的心，甚至几年后写这篇文章的时候作者仍然哽咽，由此可知，那个给流浪汉买食物的善良的女孩让作者深受感动，故C项正确。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Voluntourism—a
New
Trend
in
Travel
Volunteering
to
help
people
in
need
combined
with
travelling
to
faraway
places
is
a
new
trend
in
the
travel
industry.It
is
called
voluntourism(公益旅行).__1__
On
the
other
side，they
volunteer
to
help
others
who
are
not
as
well
off
as
they
are.
Recent
statistics
show
that
in
the
past
few
years
voluntourism
has
been
one
of
the
fastest?growing
areas
of
tourism.__2__
They
work
in
orphanages(孤儿院)，help
build
schools，assist
in
hospitals
and
do
farm
work
in
developing
countries.Some
of
them
establish
lasting
bonds
with
people
far
away.
__3__
Students
see
it
as
a
gap
year
after
school，others
simply
want
to
take
some
time
off
from
a
job
and
do
something
else.Then
there
are
those
who
are
bored
and
merely
seek
adventure.__4__
They
think
it
is
a
cheap
way
of
travelling
and
don't
really
want
to
get
involved
in
hard
work.
Not
everyone
sees
voluntourism
in
a
positive
way.Critics(批评家)say
that
if
people
really
want
to
help
those
in
need
there
are
many
opportunities
in
their
own
community
to
do
this.__5__
Travel
experts
also
point
out
that
in
some
cases
voluntourists
are
made
use
of
by
the
organization
that
sets
up
the
trips.
A．Voluntourism
has
been
expanded
into
many
countries.
B．There
are
many
reasons
why
people
engage
in
voluntourism.
C．However，many
voluntourists
do
not
see
volunteering
as
what
it
is.
D．Besides，volunteers
are
often
not
skilled
enough
in
the
tasks
that
they
do.
E．More
than
1.6
million
people
around
the
world
are
volunteers
in
other
countries.
F．Standard
development
programmes
are
often
sponsored
by
international
organizations.
G．People
travel
to
other
places，learn
languages
and
other
cultures
and
gain
new
experiences.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了公益旅行的定义、发展情况以及人们参加公益旅行的原因和公益旅行中存在的争议等内容。
1．G [空处与下一句分别从旅行和公益志愿服务两个方面说明公益旅行者所从事的活动，故G项符合语境。下文中的they与G项中的People的对应关系也是提示。]
2．E [根据上文中的“in
the
past
few
years
voluntourism
has
been
one
of
the
fastest?growing
areas
of
tourism”可知，此处应是对“公益旅行是近几年旅游业中发展最快的领域之一”的具体说明，故E项“全世界有160多万人在其他国家做志愿者”符合语境。]
3．B [根据下文中的“see
it
as
a
gap
year”“want
to
take
some
time
off
from
a
job
and
do
something
else”“merely
seek
adventure”“a
cheap
way
of
travelling”可知，此处主要说的是人们参与公益旅行有多种原因，故B项符合语境。]
4．C [根据上文的内容及下文的“They
think
it
is
a
cheap
way
of
travelling
and
don't
really
want
to
get
involved
in
hard
work.”可知，空处与上文内容之间存在转折关系，故C项“然而，许多公益旅行者并没有正确地看待公益旅行”符合语境。]
5．D [根据上文的“Not
everyone
sees
voluntourism
in
a
positive
way.”及批评家对公益旅行的负面观点可知，D项“此外，志愿者通常对他们所做的工作不够娴熟”符合语境。该项承接上文进一步说明了人们对于公益旅行的负面看法。]
4阅读P8－9教材课文，选择最佳答案。
1．Why
is
Quasimodo
tortured
in
public?
A．Because
he
falls
in
love
with
Esmeralda.
B．Because
he
tries
to
kidnap
Esmeralda.
C．Because
he
calls
for
a
drink
of
water.
D．Because
he
rescues
Esmeralda
from
prison.
2．How
did
Esmeralda
feel
when
she
looked
at
Quasimodo's
appearance?
A．Surprised.
B．Excited.
C．Happy.
D．Angry.
3．What
made
Esmeralda
have
no
strength
to
say
a
word?
A．Quasimodo's
deafness.
B．Quasimodo's
accent.
C．Quasimodo's
sadness.
D．Quasimodo's
beauty.
4．How
did
Quasimodo
know
what
Esmeralda
said?
A．By
her
lips
and
expression.
B．By
her
way
to
move.
C．By
her
daily
activities.
D．By
her
eyes
and
movements.
[答案] 1－4 BACA
Words
and
Phrases
sensitive
adj.敏感的
(教材P7)He
has
the
outward
appearance
of
the
King
of
the
Beasts，but
he
has
a
timid
and
sensitive
character，which
causes
him
to
believe
he
is
a
coward.
他有着兽中之王的外表，但是他有着胆小而敏感的性格，这使他相信他是一个懦夫。
[例1] The
bat's
hearing
is
remarkably
sensitive.
蝙蝠的听觉特别敏锐。
[例2] Her
eyes
are
very
sensitive
to
light.
她的眼睛对光很敏感。
[造句] 他对自己丑陋的外貌很敏感。
He's
very
sensitive
about
his
ugly
appearance.
[知识拓展]
(1)be
sensitive
to
对……敏感
be
sensitive
about
介意……；在乎……
(2)sense
v.
感觉到
n.
感觉；理解力；意义，含义
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①As
an
actress，she
is
very
sensitive
about
everything
to
do
with
her.
②She
is
sensitive(sense)to
what
people
think
of
her.
③I
sensed(sense)that
I
had
made
a
serious
mistake.
comprehension
n．理解(力)
(教材P8)How
anyone
could
be
formed
in
such
a
way
was
beyond
her
comprehension.
她无法理解怎么会有人长成这样。
[例1] The
teacher
set
the
class
a
comprehension
test.
老师对全班同学进行了一次理解力测验。
[例2] She
has
no
comprehension
of
the
seriousness
of
the
situation.
她丝毫不了解形势的严峻。
[造句] 我不理解他为什么自己不能做。
Why
he
can't
do
it
himself
is
beyond
my
comprehension.
[知识拓展]
reading
comprehension
阅读理解力
be
beyond/
above
one's
comprehension
难理解的；不可理解的
be
low
of
comprehension
理解力迟钝的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
problem
is
above/beyond
my
comprehension.
②The
boy
is
low
of
comprehension，so
don't
shout
at
him.
motive
n．(尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的
(教材P10)When
comparing
and
contrasting
characters
in
a
narrative，consider
their
appearance，actions，and
motives.
在比较和对比故事中的人物时，要考虑他们的外表、行为和动机。
[例1] Greed
was
his
only
motive
for
stealing.
贪婪是他盗窃的唯一动机。
[例2] There
seemed
to
be
no
clear
motive
for
the
attack.
这次袭击似乎没有明确动机。
[造句] 他讲这个寓言故事是有用意的。
He
had
some
motive
in
telling
this
fable.
[知识拓展]
motive
for
……的动机/原因/目的
motive
in
(doing)sth.
在……方面的动机
motive
behind
……背后的动机
leading
motive
主要动机
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What
was
their
motive
in
setting
fire
to
the
building?
②There
may
be
a
hidden
motive
for
his
departure.
③There
is
no
doubt
about
the
motive
behind
it
all.
这一切背后的动机是毋庸置疑的。
Sentence
Pattern
as
though
doing...
(教材P8)“But！”he
said，as
though
hesitating
whether
to
finish，“I
am
—
I
am
deaf.”
“但是！”他说，好像在犹豫要不要把话说完，“我——我耳聋。”
句式分析：句中as
though
hesitating
whether
to
finish为状语从句as
though
he
hesitated
whether
to
finish的省略形式。若as
though/if引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语为be，则省略“从句主语＋be”，从句就变成了“as
though/if＋形容词/副词/名词/介宾短语/分词/不定式”。
[例1] She
pursed
her
lips
together，as
though
fearing
to
betray
her
news.
她闭紧双唇，仿佛害怕透露出她的消息。
[例2] The
girl
left
the
room
hurriedly
as
if
(she
was)angry.
女孩匆忙离开房间，似乎生气的样子。
[造句] 他不时地转过身来，好像在找人。
From
time
to
time，he
turned
round
as
if
(he
was)searching
for
someone.
[知识拓展]
(1)as
though/if意为“仿佛；好像”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。
(2)as
though/if后面的从句可用虚拟语气，表示一种假设或不大可能的事。从句表示与现在事实相反时，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反时，用had＋过去分词；表示将来的可能性不大的情况时，用would/could/might＋动词原形。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He
talks
about
Rome
as
if
he
had
been(be)there
before.
②Tom
raised
his
hand
as
if
(he
was)to
say(say)something.
③She
treats
the
orphan
as
if/though
he
were
her
own
son．
她对待这个孤儿就好像是自己的亲儿子一样。
直接信息题
直接信息题一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。也就是说，命题者设置的题目比较直接，理解字面意思即可作答。
【例文】
This
month
millions
of
American
kids
can
forget
about
classroom
bells
and
set
off
for
grandparents'
homes，sleep?away
camps
and
lifeguard
stands.But
summer
vacation
hasn't
always
been
a
birthright
of
U．S.schoolchildren.Before
the
Civil
War，schools
operated
on
one
of
two
calendars
(日历)，neither
of
which
included
a
summer
vacation.Rural
(农村的)schooling
was
divided
into
summer
and
winter
terms，leaving
kids
free
to
help
with
the
farm
work
in
the
spring
planting
and
fall
harvest
seasons.Urban
students，meanwhile，regularly
had
as
many
as
48
weeks
of
study
a
year，with
one
break
per
quarter.
What
did
the
rural
school
calendar
before
the
Civil
War
allow
children
to
do?
A．Enjoy
a
summer
vacation.
B．Take
a
break
each
quarter.
C．Have
48
weeks
of
study
a
year.
D．Assist
their
parents
with
farm
work.
★试题特点
1．考查事件、地点、人物和物品的具体细节；
2．问题一般比较直白；
3．答案常是原文的一句话或一个词，但可能变换了说法；
4．错误选项往往明显与原文内容不符。
★解题思路
Step
1：确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体部分)
Step
2：根据关键词定位信息句(文中画线句)
Step
3：尝试解答——根据信息句可知，内战前的农村校历让孩子们在春天播种和秋天收获时过假期，帮助父母干农活。故选D。
[针对性练习]
Mandara
seemed
to
know
something
big
was
about
to
happen.So
she
let
out
a
yell，caught
hold
of
her
2?year?old
daughter
Kibibi
and
climbed
up
into
a
tree.She
lives
at
the
National
Zoo
in
Washington，D.C.
And
on
Tuesday，August
23rd，witnesses
said
she
seemed
to
sense
the
big
earthquake
that
shook
much
of
the
East
Coast
before
any
humans
knew
what
was
going
on.And
she's
not
the
only
one.In
the
moments
before
the
quake，an
orangutan
(猩猩)let
out
a
loud
call
and
then
climbed
to
the
top
of
her
shelter.
“It's
very
different
from
their
normal
call，”said
Brandie
Smith，the
zookeeper.“The
lemurs
(monkey
like
animals
of
Madagascar)will
sound
an
alarm
if
they
see
or
hear
something
highly
unusual.”
But
you
can't
see
or
hear
an
earthquake
15
minutes
before
it
happens，can
you?
Maybe
you
can—if
you're
an
animal.
“Animals
can
hear
above
and
below
our
range
of
hearing，”said
Brandie
Smith.“That's
part
of
their
special
abilities.They're
more
sensitive
to
the
environment，which
is
how
they
survive.”
1．Why
did
Mandara
act
strangely
one
day?
A．Because
it
sensed
something
unusual
would
happen.
B．Because
its
daughter
Kibibi
was
injured.
C．Because
it
heard
an
orangutan
let
out
a
loud
call.
D．Because
an
earthquake
had
happened.
A [根据第一段“Mandara
seemed
to
know
something
big
was
about
to
happen.”可知，一天Mandara表现得很奇怪，因为它感觉有一些不同寻常的事情要发生，选A。]
2．According
to
Brandie
Smith，________．
A．many
animals
hearing
is
sharp
B．earthquakes
produce
two
types
of
waves
C．primates
usually
gather
together
before
a
quake
D．humans
can
also
develop
the
ability
to
sense
a
quake
A [根据第五段“‘Animals
can
hear
above
and
below
our
range
of
hearing，’said
Brandie
Smith.‘That's
part
of
their
special
abilities.They're
more
sensitive
to
the
environment，which
is
how
they
survive.’”可知，Brandie
Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐，选A。]
1Ⅰ.匹配词义
A.单词匹配
( )1.self?critical
A．adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
( )2.identical
B．adj.自我批评的，自我批判的
( )3.dormitory
C．n.药丸，药片
( )4.pill
D．n.(大学里的)学生宿舍楼
[答案] 1－4 BADC
B.短语匹配
( )1.boost
one's
confidence
A．从头到脚
( )2.from
head
to
toe
B．增加某人的信心
[答案] 1－2 BA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．boost
v.
促进，推动
2．pretend
v.
假装，装作
3．bother
v.
(使)苦恼
4．acknowledge
v.
承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
Ⅰ.语境填词
boosts，self?critical，dormitories，bother，pretend，pills，acknowledged，identical
1．Perfectionists
are
very
self?critical，they
are
not
satisfied
ever
with
their
performances.
2．As
we
all
know，the
rocket
boosts
the
astronaut
into
space.
3．You
know
what
this
is
all
about，Natasha.Why
pretend
otherwise?
4．Could
I
bother
you
to
give
the
package
to
Mr.Miller?
5．Most
of
the
students
of
this
college
live
in
the
dormitories．
6．The
handwriting
on
both
cheques
is
identical．
7．The
peace
settlement
effectively
acknowledged
the
country's
independence.
8．He
took
a
few
pills
before
going
to
bed.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Children
in
the
kindergarten
were
dreseed
identically(identical)yesterday.
2．Mail
from
home
is
a
great
morale
booster(boost)for
our
soldiers.
3．There
is
an
acknowledged(acknowledge)risk
of
lung
cancer
from
the
food.
4．He
didn't
like
the
food，but
he
made
a
pretence(pretend)of
eating
some
of
it
as
he
was
a
guest.
1．It's
a
small
word
with
big
meaning，and
that
meaning
is
as
individual
to
each
of
us
as
the
way
we
look.
它是一个意义重大的小词，它的意义就像我们每个人的长相一样，因人而异。
2．As
a
song
in
Ugly
Betty
puts
it，“It's
a
pretty
person's
world”．
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌中所唱的，“这是一个漂亮的人的世界”。
3．I
spend
hours
every
day
editing
my
selfies，posting
them
and
eagerly
checking
my
phone
a
hundred
times
for
comments.
我每天都要花好长时间编辑我的自拍照，并把它们发到网上，然后很多次急切地查看手机上的评论。
4．People
who
pretend
to
be
someone
they
are
not
tend
to
misjudge
themselves.
自认为是个人物而其实不是的人往往会误判自己。
5．...being
healthy
is
beautiful，and
we
should
wear
that
beauty
with
confidence.
……健康就是美丽，我们应该自信地接受这种美丽。
名师圈点
①as
individual
as像……一样独特
②accounting
manager
会计主管
③be
plain?looking相貌平平
④selfie
apps自拍应用程序
⑤remove
my
freckles
祛除我的雀斑
⑥enlarge
my
eyes放大我的眼睛
⑦slim
my
jawline使下颌轮廓变得纤细
⑧edit
my
selfies编辑我的自拍照
⑨boost
my
confidence
增强我的自信
⑩narcissist
n．自我陶醉者
?obsessive
online
photo
editing过度的在线编辑图片
?a
lack
of
self?confidence
缺乏自信
?pretend
to
be
someone假装自认为是个人物
?tend
to
do
sth.往往做某事
?misjudge
oneself错判自己
?care
about在乎
?lipstick
n．口红
?identical
adj.完全相同的
?move
into
my
dormitory
搬进大学宿舍
?roommate
n．室友
day
after
day日复一日
register
sb.for为某人报名参加
feel
bizarre感觉很奇怪
from
head
to
toe从头到脚
after
the
makeover
打扮后
a
handsome
and
well?presented
young
man
一个英俊、仪表堂堂的年轻人
external
beauty外在美
an
expression
of
our
personalities我们个性的一种表达
make
a
good
and
positive
impression
on
others
给别人留下良好且积极的印象
inner
beauty内在美
be
completely
overlooked完全被忽视
play
a
part
in在……中扮演角色
leave
a
positive
first
impression
on
others
给别人留下积极的第一印象
bother
vt.(使)苦恼
stare
at
sb.盯着某人看
drive
sb.to
do...
驱使某人做……
try
every
means
possible
尝试所有可能的方法
lose
weight减肥
weight?loss
pills
减肥药
nothing
but只不过；仅仅
come
across偶然发现；偶然遇见
a
plus?size
model
超大号模特
full
of
beauty
stereotypes充满对美的刻板印象
mental
and
physical
health身心健康
a
couple
of
times
a
week一周好几次
skinny
adj.
极瘦的，皮包骨的
completely
agree
with
sb.完全同意某人的观点
with
confidence自信地
acknowledge
v.
承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
make
us
more
beautiful
使我们更美丽
原文呈现
It's
all
about
ME!
“Me”．It's
a
small
word
with
big
meaning，and
that
meaning
is
as
individual
to
each
of
us
as①
the
way
we
look.Through
interviews，I
was
able
to
discover
what“me”means
to
other
people，and
how
they
have
learnt
to
appreciate
the
beauty
in
themselves.(1)
Psychologist，Dr
Hart
(1)句中and连接两个宾语从句。
Jade，24，accounting
manager②
As
a
song
in
Ugly
Betty
puts
it，(2)“It's
a
pretty
person's
world”．I
understand
this
more
than
most，as
I
have
always
been
plain?looking③.(3)I'm
a
girl
who'd
love
to
look
good.Well，who
wouldn't?
So，ever
since
I
discovered
selfie
apps④
that
could
remove
my
freckles⑤，enlarge
my
eyes⑥
and
even
slim
my
jawline⑦，(4)I
have
become
addicted.I
spend
hours
every
day
editing
my
selfies⑧，posting
them
and
eagerly
checking
my
phone
a
hundred
times
for
comments.Each“like”boosts
my
confidence⑨.Dad
thinks
I
am
a
narcissist⑩，but
what
I
say
is
that
my
pictures
aren't
hurting
anyone，(5)so
who
cares?
(2)as引导方式状语从句。
(3)as引导原因状语从句。
(4)ever
since引导时间状语从句，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词selfie
apps。
(5)what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。
Dr
Hart
says：
Obsessive
online
photo
editing?
indicates
a
lack
of
self?confidence?
and
a
desire
for
attention.However，the
image
Jade
presents
to
obtain
the
praise
of
others(6)is
false.People
who
pretend
to
be
someone?
they
are
not(7)tend
to?
misjudge
themselves?.
(6)省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词image。
(7)who引导定语从句，修饰先行词People。
Anthony，21，college
student
I
never
really
cared
about?
my
appearance.That's
why
I
could
never
understand
my
sister，who
has
17
lipsticks?
and
can't
decide
which
one
to
use
every
morning.(8)I
only
used
to
have
five
identical?
pairs
of
trousers
and
five
identical
shirts.When
I
first
moved
into
my
dormitory?
at
college，this
made
my
roommates?
quite
confused
as
they
saw
me
in
the
same
clothes
day
after
day.(9)Last
month
they
registered
me
for
a
TV
programme，A
New
You.It
felt
bizarre
at
first.I
didn't
like
being
reviewed
from
head
to
toe.But
I
was
surprised
at
how
good
I
looked
after
the
makeover！(10)For
the
first
time
in
my
life
I
saw
myself
as
a
handsome
and
well?presented
young
man.At
that
moment，I
perceived
that
external
beauty
isn't
totally
worthless．(11)It
can
be
an
expression
of
our
personalities，helping
us
make
a
good
and
positive
impression
on
others.
(8)句中why引导表语从句，who...every
morning为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词my
sister。
(9)句中when引导时间状语从句，as...after
day为原因状语从句。
(10)how引导宾语从句。
(11)that引导宾语从句。
Dr
Hart
says：
It's
true
that
inner
beauty
is
very
important，(12)but
external
beauty
shouldn't
be
completely
overlooked.It
plays
a
part
in
the
image
we
present
to
the
world，(13)and
making
an
effort
with
your
appearance
can
leave
a
positive
first
impression
on
others
and
boost
your
confidence.
(12)it是形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。
(13)省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词image。
Emma，17，senior
high
school
student
Ever
since
I
was
little，(14)I've
been
larger
than
other
girls.For
a
long
time，this
really
bothered
me.People
would
stare
at
me
because
I
was“big”and
I
hated
the
way
I
looked.(15)My
anxiety
drove
me
to
try
every
means
possible
to
lose
weight，including
dieting
and
weight?loss
pills，but
this
brought
me
nothing
but
pain
and
poor
health.Everything
changed
when
one
day
I
came
across
the
success
story
of
a
plus?size
model，Tess
Holliday．(16)Although
she's
larger
than
most
other
models，(17)she's
really
attractive
and
has
the
confidence
to
be
herself
—
even
in
an
industry
full
of
beauty
stereotypes.Her
story
changed
my
ideas
about
what
it
means
to
be
beautiful.I
realised
that
my
health，mental
and
physical，is
the
most
important
thing．(18)Now
I
exercise
a
couple
of
times
a
week
but
just
to
keep
fit.I
mean，isn't
it
better
that
I'm
large
and
happy，(19)instead
of
skinny
and
unhealthy?
(14)ever
since引导时间状语从句。
(15)because引导原因状语从句，I
looked为定语从句，修饰先行词the
way。
(16)when引导时间状语从句。
(17)although引导让步状语从句。
(18)that引导宾语从句。
(19)that引导主语从句，it为形式主语。
Dr
Hart
says：
I
completely
agree
with
Emma—being
healthy
is
beautiful，and
we
should
wear
that
beauty
with
confidence.What
I
really
admire
is
the
way
she
has
acknowledged
that
good
health
not
only
makes
us
more
beautiful，but
happier，too！(20)
(20)句中What
I
really
admire为主语从句，the
way后是省略了that或in
which的定语从句，其中that...but
happier，too为宾语从句。
译文参考
一切都是关于“我”！
“我”。它是一个意义重大的小词，它的意义就像我们每个人的长相一样，因人而异。通过采访，我能够发现“我”对其他人意味着什么，以及他们如何学会欣赏自己的美。
心理学家，哈特博士
杰德，24岁，会计主管
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌中所唱的，“这是一个漂亮的人的世界”。我比大多数人更明白这一点，因为我一直相貌平平。我是一个喜欢打扮的女孩。好吧，谁不喜欢呢？
所以，自从我发现自拍应用程序可以祛除我的雀斑，放大我的眼睛，甚至让我的下颌轮廓变得纤小，我就上瘾了。我每天都要花好长时间编辑我的自拍照，并把它们发到网上，然后很多次急切地查看手机上的评论。每个“赞”都能增强我的自信。爸爸认为我是一个自恋者，但我要说的是我的照片不会伤害任何人，所以谁会在乎呢？
哈特博士说：
过度的在线编辑图片表明缺乏自信和渴望被关注。然而，为获得他人赞扬杰德所展示的形象是虚假的。自认为是个人物而其实不是的人往往会误判自己。
安东尼，21岁，大学生
我从来都不太在乎自己的外表。这就是我永远无法理解我妹妹的原因，她有17支口红，每天早上都不知道该用哪一支。我以前只有5条一模一样的裤子和5件一模一样的衬衫。当我第一次搬进大学宿舍时，这种情况让我的室友很困惑，因为他们每天都看到我穿着同样的衣服。上个月他们为我报名参加了一个电视节目《一个全新的你》。一开始感觉很奇怪。我不喜欢被人从头到脚地审视。但我很惊讶地看到我打扮后看起来是多么的好！
这是我平生第一次把自己看作一个英俊、仪表堂堂的年轻人。在那一刻，我意识到外在美并不是毫无价值的。它可以是我们个性的一种表达，有助于我们给别人留下良好且自信的印象。
哈特博士说：
诚然，内在美很重要，但外在美也不应该完全被忽视。它在我们呈现给世人的形象中扮演着重要的角色，努力打扮自己可以给别人留下积极的第一印象，并增强你的自信心。
艾玛，17岁，高中学生
从很小的时候起，我就比其他女孩块头都大。在很长一段时间里，这真的困扰着我。人们会盯着我看，因为我块头太“大”了，我讨厌自己的样子。我的焦虑驱使我尝试所有可能的减肥方法，包括节食和减肥药，但这带给我的只有疼痛和糟糕的健康状况。有一天，我偶然看到了超大号模特泰丝·霍利迪的成功故事，一切都改变了。尽管她比大多数模特块头都要大，但她真的很有吸引力，而且有自信做她自己——即使在一个充满了对美有着模式化观念的行业中。她的故事改变了我对美的理解。我意识到我的身心健康是最重要的。现在我每周锻炼好几次，但只是为了保持健康。我的意思是，我块头大又快乐，而不是极瘦又不健康，难道不是更好吗？
哈特博士说：
我完全同意艾玛的观点——健康就是美丽，我们应该自信地接受这种美丽。我真正钦佩的是她以这种方式承认健康不仅使我们更美丽而且使我们更快乐！
11．bother
v．(使)苦恼→bothersome
adj.引起麻烦的；困扰人的
2．boost
v．促进，推动→booster
n.
助力/推器；加速器；支持者
3．identical
adj.完全相同的；非常相似的→identically
adv.完全相同地
4．acknowledge
v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)→acknowledged
adj.公认的→acknowledgement
n．承认
5．pretend
v．假装，装作→pretence
n．假装；作假；做作
acknowledge
vt.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；告知收到；鸣谢，感谢
①He
unwillingly
acknowledged
having
made
a
mistake.
vt.承认
②We
must
acknowledge
his
letter
as
soon
as
we
receive
it.
vt.告知收到
③They
wishes
to
acknowledge
the
assistance
of
the
police
in
the
making
of
this
film.
vt.鸣谢，感谢
Words
and
Phrases
boost
v．促进，推动
n．增加，促进，激励
(教材P2)Each“like”boosts
my
confidence.
每个“赞”都能增强我的自信。
[例1] These
changes
will
help
to
boost
share
prices.
这些变化将有助于提高股票价格。
[例2] Encouraging
your
child's
talents
can
boost
his
confidence
and
slowly
establish
his
confidence
in
other
areas.
鼓励孩子的某项才能，能够提升他的自信，慢慢就能扩展他在别的方面的信心。
[造句] 我们需要休假以激发士气。
We
need
a
holiday
to
boost
our
spirits.
[知识拓展]
(1)boost
to
提高到
boost
sales
增加销售额
boost
one's
confidence
增加某人的信心
(2)a
boost
in
……的增加
a
boost
to
对……的促进
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
total
was
boosted
to
nearly
￡200
by
donations
from
parents.
②With
more
cyclists
on
the
roads，there
has
been
a
boost
in
bike
sales
over
the
past
few
months.
③No
doubt，aid
will
be
defended
as
a
boost
to
global
influence.
[小片段填空]
Amazon
hopes
that
its
cheap
tablet
will
be
wildly
popular
and
therefore
①boost
sales
of
its
cloud?based
content，just
as
the
e?reader
②boosted
sales
of
e?books.
pretend
v．假装，装作；自认为
(教材P2)People
who
pretend
to
be
someone
they
are
not
tend
to
misjudge
themselves.
自认为是个人物而其实不是的人往往会误判自己。
[例1] He
would
ask
who
we
were
and
pretend
not
to
know
us.
他会问我们是谁，假装不认识我们。
[例2] The
guest
pretended
to
be
enjoying
the
meal
to
show
his
politeness.
为了表示礼貌，这个客人假装吃得津津有味。
[造句] 他假装已经理解了句子的隐含意义。
He
pretended
to
have
understood
the
hidden
meaning
of
the
sentence.
[知识拓展]
pretend
to
do
sth.
假装要做某事
pretend
to
be
doing
sth.
假装正在做某事
pretend
to
have
done
sth.
假装做了某事
pretend
that...
假装……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①We
should
never
pretend
to
know(know)what
we
don't
know.
②He
pretended
to
be
doing(do)his
homework
when
his
mother
came
in.
③The
worker
pretended
that
he
had
finished
the
work.
→The
worker
pretended
to
have
finished
the
work．
[小片段填空]
She
does
not
need
a
man
who
pretended
①to
love(love)，so
you
do
not
need
to
pretend
②that
you
love
someone.
identical
adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
(教材P3)I
only
used
to
have
five
identical
pairs
of
trousers
and
five
identical
shirts.
我以前只有5条一模一样的裤子和5件一模一样的衬衫。
[例1] The
fingerprints
of
all
individuals，even
identical
twins，are
unique.
每个人，包括同卵双胞胎，其指纹都是独一无二的。
[例2] Different
spreadsheet
packages
tend
to
be
similar，
though
not
necessarily
identical.
不同的电子制表软件包往往很相似，虽然不一定相同。
[造句] 他们的衣服在外观都是相同的。
Their
clothes
are
identical
in
appearance.
[知识拓展]
(be)identical
in
在……方面是相同的
(be)identical
with/to
和……完全相同；和……一致
identical
twins
同卵双胞胎；一模一样的双胞胎
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①This
knife
is
identical
to/with
the
one
used
in
the
attack.
②The
two
words
are
in
effect
identical
in
meaning.
from
head
to
toe从头到脚
(教材P3)I
didn't
like
being
reviewed
from
head
to
toe.
我不喜欢被人从头到脚地审视。
[例1] He
got
coated
with
mud
from
head
to
toe.
他弄得从头到脚都是泥。
[例2] The
following
sections
list
and
describe
the
letter
parts
from
head
to
toe.
下面从头至尾列出和阐述了一封信的各个组成部分。
[造句] 他从头到脚穿了一身白色。
He
was
dressed
in
white
from
head
to
toe.
[知识拓展]
from
time
to
time
有时，不时
from
day
to
day
天天；日复一日
from
door
to
door
挨家挨户
from
morning
to/till
night
从早到晚
from
beginning
to
end
自始至终
[即学即练] 完成句子
①He
works
from
morning
to/till
night
every
day.There
is
no
weekend
in
his
mind.
每天从早工作到晚，在他心目中根本没有周末的概念。
②Our
eyes
follow
lines
from
beginning
to
end
in
an
attempt
to
see
patterns.
我们的眼睛会从始至终跟随着线条，试图识别图案。
③No
one
knows
what
will
happen
from
day
to
day．
没有人知道每天会发生什么事。
bother
v．(使)苦恼
n．麻烦；困难；令人烦恼的情况(或事物，人)
(教材P3)For
a
long
time，this
really
bothered
me.
在很长一段时间里，这真地困扰着我。
[例1] Thank
you，but
please
don't
bother.
谢谢，但请你不要费事了。
[例2] What
a
bother!
We've
missed
the
bus.
真恼人！我们错过了公交车。
[造句] 我小睡的时候不要打扰我。
Don't
bother
me
while
I
am
taking
my
nap.
[知识拓展]
(1)bother
sb.with
sth.
因某事打扰/麻烦某人
bother
to
do/doing
sth.
操心做某事
It
bothers
sb.that/to
do
sth.
使某人苦恼的是……
Don't
bother.
不用费心了。
(2)put
sb.to
any
bother
给某人添乱/让某人心烦
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I
didn't
want
to
put
you
to
any
bother.
②It
really
bothered
me
that
he'd
forgotten
my
birthday.
③You
needn't
bother
coming/to
come(come)to
my
office.
[小片段填空]
This
may
not
put
you
①to
any
bother
but
it
really
②bothers(bother)me.
acknowledge
v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
(教材P3)What
I
really
admire
is
the
way
she
has
acknowledged
that
good
health
not
only
makes
us
more
beautiful，but
happier，too!
我真正钦佩的是她以这种方式承认健康不仅使我们更美丽而且使我们更快乐！
[例1] I
gratefully
acknowledge
financial
support
from
several
local
businesses.
我对几家本地企业的经济资助表示感谢。
[例2] I
acknowledged
him
as
an
expert.
我视他为专家。
[造句] 他承认做错了。
He
acknowledged
that
he
had
made
a
mistake.
[知识拓展]
(1)acknowledge
sth.
承认某事
acknowledge
sb./sth.to
be/as...
承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge
that...
承认……
It's
generally/universally
acknowledged
that...
大家公认……
(2)acknowledgement
n.
承认；感谢；谢礼
[特别提醒]
acknowledge之后不跟动词的?ing形式。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①She
is
acknowledged
to
be(be)one
of
the
best
singers
in
the
world.
②I
was
sent
a
free
copy
in
acknowledgement
(acknowledge)
of
my
contribution.
③People
widely
acknowledge
that
students
should
be
evaluated
in
terms
of
overall
quality.
→It
is
widely
acknowledged
that
students
should
be
evaluated
in
terms
of
overall
quality.
[小片段填空]
Most
men
want
①acknowledgement
and
appreciation
from
women.Learning
②to
acknowledge
instead
of
making
your
partner
wrong
is
one
of
the
most
powerful
relationship
survival
tools
available
to
you.
Sentence
Patterns
as引导方式状语从句
(教材P2)As
a
song
in
Ugly
Betty
puts
it，“It's
a
pretty
person's
world”．
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌中所唱的，“这是一个漂亮的人的世界”。
句式分析：句中As
a
song
in
Ugly
Betty
puts
it为as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像”。
[例1] Leave
it
as
it
is.
让它保持原状好了。
[例2] She
stayed
in
bed
as
the
doctor
had
told
her.
她遵照医嘱卧床休息。
[造句] 告诉你怎么做你就怎么做，否则你会被解雇的。
Do
as
you
are
told
to，or
you'll
be
fired.
[知识拓展]
(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时；一边……
一边……；随着”。
(2)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”，既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般来说，as引导原因状语从句表示双方都知道的原因。
(3)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句应倒装。
(4)引导比较状语从句，表示“像……一样地”。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①As
it's
raining
again，we'll
have
to
stay
at
home.
因为又下起雨来了，我们只好待在家里了。
②He
hurried
home，looking
behind
as
he
went．
他匆匆忙忙回家去，一边走一边回头望。
③Intelligent
as/though
she
was，she
had
not
much
insight.
她虽然聪明，但不是很有洞察力。
形式主语it
(教材P3)It's
true
that
inner
beauty
is
very
important，but
external
beauty
shouldn't
be
completely
overlooked.
诚然，内在美很重要，但外在美也不应该完全被忽视。
句式分析：句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。
[例1] It
is
important
that
you
arrive
on
time.
你准时到达很重要。
[例2] It
is
necessary
that
he
come
next
week.
他有必要下周来。
[造句] 他改变主意很正常。
It
is
natural
that
he
change
his
mind.
[知识拓展]
英语中把主语从句后置，同时把形式主语it放在主语位置的常见句型有：
(1)It
is＋过去分词(reported，believed，said，announced等)＋主语从句
(该结构可与“Sb./Sth.＋
be＋过去分词＋to
do...”结构相互转换)
(2)It＋不及物动词(seem，happen，turn
out，appear等)＋主语从句
(3)It
is＋名词词组(a
pity，a
fact，a
wonder，an
honour等)＋主语从句
(4)It
is
＋adj.(clear，natural，obvious，possible，likely等)＋主语从句
[即学即练] 完成句子/一句多译
①It
is
reported
that
the
film
star
will
come
to
our
city.
据报道那位电影明星将来我们市。
②
It
is
a
pity
that
you
can't
go
with
us
to
enjoy
the
concert.
你不能跟我们一块去欣赏音乐会真是可惜。
③
It
is
said
that
he
studied
abroad，but
we
don't
know
which
country
he
studied
in.
＝He
is
said
to
have
studied
abroad，but
we
don't
know
which
country
he
studied
in.
据说他在国外学习过，但是我们不知道他是在哪个国家学的。
?ing短语作主语
(教材P3)It
plays
a
part
in
the
image
we
present
to
the
world，and
making
an
effort
with
your
appearance
can
leave
a
positive
first
impression
on
others
and
boost
your
confidence.
它在我们呈现给世人的形象中扮演着重要的角色，努力打扮自己可以给别人留下积极的第一印象，并增强你的自信心。
句式分析：句中making
an
effort
with
your
appearance为动名词短语，作第二个分句的主语。
[例1] Reading
aloud
is
a
good
way
to
learn
a
language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
[例2] Saying
is
one
thing，and
doing
is
another.
说是一回事，而做是另一回事。
[造句] 每天散步对你的健康有好处。
Walking
every
day
will
do
good
to
your
health.
[知识拓展]
(1)?ing(短语)作主语往往表达一种概念、习惯或经验，谓语动词通常用单数。
(2)?ing与不定式作主语时的区别：
?ing表示一种抽象的和泛指的动作，而不定式则表示一次性的、具体的动作。
(3)it可代表?ing作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
It
is/was
no
use/good
doing...做某事是没用的
It
is/was
a
waste
of
time
doing...做某事是浪费时间
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Lying(lie)on
the
beach
in
summer
can
make
you
relaxed.
②It
is
a
waste
of
time
waiting(wait)here.He
won't
come
today.
③It
is
no
use
arguing
with
her．She
is
so
stubborn.
和她争吵是没有用的，她太固执了。
1．Through
interviews，I
was
able
to
discover
what“me”means
to
other
people，and
how
they
have
learnt
to
appreciate
the
beauty
in
themselves.
分析：句中and连接两个宾语从句，what“me”means
to
other
people为第一个宾语从句，由what引导，how
they
have
learnt
to
appreciate
the
beauty
in
themselves为第二个宾语从句，由how引导。
译文：通过采访，我能够发现“我”对其他人意味着什么，以及他们如何学会欣赏自己的美。
2．That's
why
I
could
never
understand
my
sister，who
has
17
lipsticks
and
can't
decide
which
one
to
use
every
morning.
分析：句中why
I
could
never
understand
my
sister
为why引导的表语从句，构成that's
why...句式，who
has
17
lipsticks
and
can't
decide
which
one
to
use
every
morning为关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词my
sister，其中which
one
to
use作动词decide的宾语。
译文：这就是我永远无法理解我妹妹的原因，她有17支口红，每天早上都不知道该用哪一支。
教材
高考
1.As
a
song
in
Ugly
Betty
puts
it，“It's
a
pretty
person's
world”．
(2019·浙江6月卷)As
you
can
imagine，the
trip
is
no
piece
of
cake.
2.Each“like”boosts
my
confidence.
(2020·浙江1月卷)Therefore，they
can
work
for
longer，consume
more
and
in
general
be
a
boost
to
the
economy.
3.People
who
pretend
to
be
someone
they
are
not
tend
to
misjudge
themselves.
(2019·天津卷)So
I
carried
around
a
book，and
each
night，just
to
be
like
her，I
would
pretend
to
be
reading.
4.For
a
long
time，this
really
bothered
me.
(2019·江苏卷)Why
bother？
5.What
I
really
admire
is
the
way
she
has
acknowledged
that
good
health
not
only
makes
us
more
beautiful，but
happier，too！
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If
you
talk
about
fashion
today，you
are
talking
about
China—its
influences，its
direction，its
breathtaking
clothes，and
how
young
designers
and
models
are
finally
acknowledging
that
in
many
ways.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．As
many
people
do，you
often
pretend
to
do(do)some
work
when
actually
you
are
just
wasting
time
online.
2．Instead，we
should
focus
on
boosting(boost)investment
in
physical，human，and
knowledge
capital.
3．Therefore，it
is
acknowledged(acknowledge)that
Shenzhen
has
become
China's
most
livable
city.
4．Why
do
I
have
to
take
all
these
pills(pill)?
5．Since
I
came
to
England
I
have
not
bothered
to
contact(contact)my
friends.
6．The
students
live
in
dormitories(dormitory)or
apartments
or
with
local
families.
7．The
body
must
return
identically(identical)to
its
original
condition
when
the
loads
are
released.
Ⅱ.短语填空
boost
one's
confidence，from
head
to
toe，be
identical
in，a
lack
of，play
a
part
in
1．The
old
lady
looked
me
over
from
head
to
toe．
2．What
I
needed
were
techniques
to
boost
my
confidence
and
overcome
my
fear.
3．Hard
work
can
often
make
up
for
a
lack
of
ability.
4．Geography
also
plays
a
part
in
making
dialects.
5．However，as
we
will
see
later，the
actual
coding
techniques
can
be
identical
in
both
cases.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Jade
is
plain?looking，but
she'd
love
to
look
good.So
she
spends
hours
every
day
1.editing(edit)her
selfies，posting
them
and
eagerly
checking
her
phone
for
2.comments(comment).Each“like”boosts
her
3.confidence(confident).Anthony
wouldn't
care
about
his
appearance.But
he
was
surprised
at
how
good
he
looked
after
the
makeover!
At
that
moment，he
perceived
that
external
beauty
isn't
4.totally(total)worthless.Emma
is
larger
5.than
other
girls
and
in
the
past
this
really
bothered
her.Everything
changed
when
one
day
she
came
across
the
success
story
of
a
plus?size
model，Tess
Holliday.Her
story
has
changed
Emma's
ideas
about
what
it
6.means(mean)to
be
beautiful.She
realised
that
mental
and
physical
health
is
7.the
most
important(important)thing.Dr
Hart
thinks
that
the
image
Jade
presents
8.to
obtain(obtain)the
praise
of
others
is
false，that
making
an
effort
with
our
appearance
can
leave
a
positive
first
impression
on
others
9.and
boost
our
confidence，and
that
being
healthy
is
beautiful，and
we
should
wear
that
beauty
10.with
confidence.
61．To
love
beauty
is
to
see
light.
—Victor
Hugo
爱美就是要看到光明。
2．A
thing
of
beauty
is
a
joy
forever:
its
loveliness
increases;
it
will
never
pass
into
nothingness.
—John
Keats
美好的事物永远是一种快乐：它的可爱与日俱增；它永远不会变成虚无。
3．A
woman
whose
smile
is
open
and
whose
expression
is
glad
has
a
kind
of
beauty
no
matter
what
she
wears.
—Anne
Roiphe
不管一个女人穿着什么，只要她微笑着，神情愉悦，那就是一种美。
4．Beauty
awakens
the
soul
to
act.
—Dante
Alighieri
美唤醒灵魂去行动。
5．Beauty
has
a
lot
to
do
with
character.
—Kevyn
Aucoin
美丽与性格有很大的关系。
Why
do
we
care
so
much
about
how
we
look?
Because
it
matters.Because
beauty
is
powerful.Because
even
when
we
learn
to
value
people
mostly
for
being
kind
and
wise
and
funny，we
are
still
moved
by
beauty.No
matter
how
much
we
argue
against
it
or
pretend
to
be
immune(不受影响)，beauty
exerts
(施加)its
power
over
us.There
is
simply
no
escape.
There
are
more
important
things
in
life
than
beauty.But
as
Etcoff
says，“We
have
to
understand
beauty，or
we
will
always
be
enslaved
by
it.”If
you
aim
to
be
wise
and
kind
and
funny，it
doesn't
mean
that
you
can't
also
try
your
best
to
look
beautiful.There's
no
reason
to
feel
guilty
(感到内疚的)about
being
moved
by
beauty's
power.It
moves
us
all.
It's
hard
to
give
the
concept
of
being
charming.In
general，to
be
charming
means
to
possess
an
attractive
personality.There
is
no
unchanging
secret
to
be
charming，but
a
positive
change
in
your
thinking
can
get
great
benefits.
If
you
want
to
learn
to
be
charming，you
have
to
learn
the
art
of
politeness.Nobody
likes
someone
who
is
rude
and
bad?tempered
all
the
time，and
if
you
are
cordial(热情友好的)and
polite
to
people
around
you
they
will
obviously
appreciate
your
presence.
Sincerity
is
the
key
to
becoming
charming.If
you
genuinely
wish
to
win
people
over
and
appear
charming
in
their
eyes，you
need
to
genuinely
feel
what
you
say
to
them.
The
most
charming
men
and
women
have
the
ability
to
make
people
laugh.Everyone
loves
to
be
humorous
as
it
can
greatly
remove
the
despair
or
sadness
in
everyone's
lives.
[探索发现]
1．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
How
to
be
charming.
2．How
does
the
author
introduce
the
topic
of
the
text?
By
giving
concept
of
being
charming.
3．What
tips
of
being
charming
are
mentioned
in
the
text?
To
be
polite;
to
be
sincere；to
be
humorous.
2Ⅰ.匹配词义
单词匹配
( )1.saving
A．n.心理，心理过程
( )2.welfare
B．n.帮助；福利
( )3.psychology
C．n.积蓄
( )4.novelist
D．adj.可怕的
( )5.frightful
E．n.小说家
[答案] 1－5 CBAED
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．assumption
n.
假定，假设
2．finding
n.
研究的结果；发现
3．accent
n.
口音
4．comprehension
n.
理解(力)
5．motive
n.
(尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的
Ⅰ.语境填词
motive，psychology，welfare，findings，savings，assumptions，accent，frightful，comprehension，novelists
1．Most
of
the
families
in
this
neighbourhood
are
on
welfare．
2．The
answers
we
give
will
reflect
our
own
psychology．
3．The
police
could
not
find
a
motive
for
the
murder.
4．Your
argument
is
based
on
a
set
of
questionable
assumptions．
5．We
can
make
big
savings
on
fuel
through
greater
efficiency.
6．The
committee
reported
its
findings
after
a
thorough
investigation.
7．A
frightful
traffic
disaster
was
avoided.
8．He
speaks
in
his
broad
accent．
9．A
comprehension
test
was
given
at
the
start
of
the
term.
10．The
man
is
one
of
the
country's
leading
contemporary
novelists．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．We
mistook
the
assumption(assume)that
the
price
would
fall.
2．It
will
be
a
saving(save)to
take
a
short
cut.
3．Such
a
finding(find)as
this
wonderful
antique
is
rare
indeed.
4．He
got
himself
into
a
frightful(fright)muddle.
5．As
a
prolific
novelist(novel)，she
wrote
more
than
forty
books.
6．Some
won't
have
the
least
comprehension(comprehend)of
what
I'm
trying
to
do.
7．The
victim
had
sustained
physical
and
psychological(psychology)damage.
8．Yesterday
I
met
a
man
who
spoke
heavily
accented(accent)English.
1．“But！”he
said，as
though
hesitating
whether
to
finish，“I
am
—
I
am
deaf.”
“但是！”他说，好像在犹豫要不要把话说完，“我——我耳聋。”
2．You
suppose
that
was
all
that
I
was
missing，do
you
not?
你以为这些就是我所缺少的，不是吗？
3．There
lay
in
the
accents
of
the
unfortunate
man
so
significant
an
awareness
of
his
sadness
that
she
had
not
the
strength
to
utter
a
syllable.
从那个不幸的人的声音里听出他很明显地意识到自己的悲伤，她连一个字也说不出来。
4．When
I
compare
myself
to
you，I
feel
an
immense
pity
for
myself，poor
unfortunate
monster
that
I
am!
当我把自己和你进行比较的时候，我为自己感到无比的可怜，我是一个多么不幸的怪物啊！
5．A
drop
of
water
and
a
little
pity
—that
is
more
than
I
can
repay
with
my
life.
一滴水加上一点怜悯——这是我用生命都无法报答的。
1课时分层作业(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
For
several
days
I
(Jane
Eyre)saw
little
of
Mr.Rochester.In
the
morning
he
seemed
much
occupied
with
business，and
in
the
afternoon
gentlemen
from
the
neighbourhood
called
and
sometimes
stayed
to
dine
with
him.When
his
foot
was
well
enough，he
rode
out
a
great
deal.
During
this
time，all
my
knowledge
of
him
was
limited
to
occasional
meetings
about
the
house，when
he
would
sometimes
pass
me
coldly，and
sometimes
bow
and
smile.His
changes
of
manner
did
not
offend
me，because
I
saw
that
I
had
nothing
to
do
with
the
cause
of
them.
One
evening，several
days
later，I
was
invited
to
talk
to
Mr.Rochester
after
dinner.He
was
sitting
in
his
armchair，and
looked
not
quite
so
severe，and
much
less
gloomy.There
was
a
smile
on
his
lips，and
his
eyes
were
bright，probably
with
wine.As
I
was
looking
at
him，he
suddenly
turned，and
asked
me，“Do
you
think
I'm
handsome，Miss
Eyre？”
The
answer
somehow
slipped
from
my
tongue
before
I
realized
it：“No，sir.”
“Ah，you
really
are
unusual!
You
are
a
quiet，serious
little
person，but
you
can
be
almost
rude.”
“Sir，I'm
sorry.I
should
have
said
that
beauty
doesn't
matter，or
something
like
that.”
“No，you
shouldn't!
I
see，you
criticize
my
appearance，and
then
you
stab(刺)me
in
the
back!
You
have
honesty
and
feeling.There
are
not
many
girls
like
you.But
perhaps
I
go
too
fast.Perhaps
you
have
awful
faults
to
counterbalance(抵消)your
few
good
points.”
I
thought
to
myself
that
he
might
have
too.He
seemed
to
read
my
mind，and
said
quickly，“Yes，you're
right.I
have
plenty
of
faults.I
went
the
wrong
way
when
I
was
twenty?one，and
have
never
found
the
right
path
again.I
might
have
been
very
different.I
might
have
been
as
good
as
you，and
perhaps
wiser.I
am
not
a
bad
man，take
my
word
for
it，but
I
have
done
wrong.It
wasn't
my
character，but
circumstances
which
were
to
blame.Why
do
I
tell
you
all
this?
Because
you're
the
sort
of
person
people
tell
their
problems
and
secrets
to，because
you're
sympathetic
and
give
them
hope.”
It
seemed
he
had
quite
a
lot
to
talk
to
me.He
didn't
seem
to
like
to
finish
the
talk
quickly，as
was
the
case
for
the
first
time.
“Don't
be
afraid
of
me，Miss
Eyre.”He
continued.“You
don't
relax
or
laugh
very
much，perhaps
because
of
the
effect
Lowood
School
has
had
on
you.But
in
time
you
will
be
more
natural
with
me，and
laugh，and
speak
freely.You're
like
a
bird
in
a
cage.When
you
get
out
of
the
cage，you'll
fly
very
high.Good
night.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。节选自小说《简·爱》中的一个片段，讲述了罗切斯特先生和简爱小姐的一些对话。
1．At
the
beginning
Miss
Eyre's
impressions
of
Mr.Rochester
were
all
EXCEPT
________．
A．busy
B．sociable
C．friendly
D．changeable
C [推理判断题。根据第一段中“In
the
morning
he
seemed
much
occupied
with
business，and
in
the
afternoon
gentlemen
from
the
neighbourhood
called
and
sometimes
stayed
to
dine
with
him.(早晨，他似乎忙得不可开交，下午，邻里的绅士们打电话来，有时留下来和他一起吃饭。)”可知，罗切斯特先生非常的忙且要经常参与社交。再根据第二段中“During
this
time，all
my
knowledge
of
him
was
limited
to
occasional
meetings
about
the
house，when
he
would
sometimes
pass
me
coldly，and
sometimes
bow
and
smile.”可知，他也是多变的。故选C项。]
2．Why
did
Mr.Rochester
say“...and
then
you
stab
me
in
the
back！”(in
Para.7)?
A．Because
Jane
had
intended
to
kill
him
with
a
knife.
B．Because
Jane
had
intended
to
be
more
critical.
C．Because
Jane
had
regretted
having
talked
to
him.
D．Because
Jane
had
said
something
else
to
correct
herself.
D [推理判断题。根据第七段“I
see，you
criticize
my
appearance，and
then
you
stab(刺)me
in
the
back！(我明白了，你批评我的外表，然后在背后捅我一刀！)”，再根据前文：简爱先说罗切斯特先生不帅，后来又进行了补充更正，可知这句话的意思是简爱说了别的话来纠正自己。故选D项。]
3．From
what
Mr.Rochester
told
Miss
Eyre，we
can
conclude
that
he
wanted
to
________．
A．tell
her
all
his
troubles
B．tell
her
his
life
experience
C．change
her
opinion
of
him
D．change
his
circumstances
C [推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知，罗切斯特先生说这么一段很长的一段话，他完整解释了自己的性格和自己的处境，其实是为了改变自己在简爱小姐心中的看法。故选C项。]
4．At
the
end
of
the
passage，Mr.Rochester
sounded
______．
A．rude
B．cold
C．friendly
D．encouraging
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段“You're
like
a
bird
in
a
cage.When
you
get
out
of
the
cage，you'll
fly
very
high.Good
night(你就像笼子里的鸟。当你离开笼子，你会飞得很高。晚安。)”可知，这是罗切斯特先生对简爱小姐的鼓励。故选D项。]
B
Six
years
ago，something
unforgettable
happened.My
wife，Liz，and
I
celebrated
our
50th
wedding
anniversary
that
year.It
was
a
lovely
event
hosted
by
our
sons
for
us.Many
wonderful
friends
from
the
past
surprised
us
with
presents
and
congratulations.Our
gift
to
each
other
was
a
driving
trip
out
west.We
drove
from
Ontario
into
Alberta，then
southward
into
Glacier
National
Park
in
Montana，and
continued
to
Yellowstone
National
Park.
It
was
a
cold
spring
day，and
the
Beartooth
Highway
had
opened
for
the
season
just
days
before.Alongside
the
road，there
was
still
a
great
amount
of
snow
remaining.The
scenery
was
so
impressive
that
we
made
numerous
stops
to
record
memories
with
my
camera.At
roughly
the
highest
point
of
the
highway，I
stopped
at
a
lookout
to
catch
the
amazing
views，with
my
wife
in
the
centre
of
my
camera
lens.
There
were
not
many
vehicles
on
the
road.Occasionally，cars
with
energetic
young
tourists
passed
by.And
then
we
heard
a
motorcycle
in
the
distance.The
driver
of
the
motorcycle，in
rags，parked
behind
our
car.As
he
approached
us，his
only
words
were，“Give
me
your
camera
and
get
over
there
with
your
wife.”I
must
admit
I
felt
nervous
that
we
might
be
robbed
where
we
just
created
some
beautiful
memories.Surprisingly，he
just
took
a
picture
of
us，handed
back
my
camera
and
rode
off
before
we
could
express
our
gratitude.The
photo
he
took
is
one
of
the
most
cherished
and
prized
of
our
trip.
I
learned
my
lesson
somewhere
I
least
expected
it.God
judges
us
just
by
our
heart，so
we
should
never
judge
a
man
by
his
appearance.If
the
motorcycle
driver
reads
this
story
and
remembers
the
situation，we
would
like
to
say“thank
you”to
him.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和妻子在一次作为结婚礼物的旅行中难忘的事，告诉我们不要以貌取人的道理。
5．According
to
the
passage，the
trip
was________．
A．a
gift
for
their
wedding
anniversary
B．a
suggestion
from
their
friends
C．in
late
autumn
six
years
ago
D．taken
by
train
to
the
west
A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our
gift
to
each
other
was
a
driving
trip
out
west.”可知，我们给对方的礼物是开车去西部旅行。以及文章整体描述来看，本文讲述的这次旅行是结婚纪念日的礼物。故选A项。]
6．Which
of
the
following
can
conclude
the
passage?
A．There
is
no
best，only
better.
B．Don't
judge
a
book
by
its
cover.
C．Put
yourself
in
others'
shoes.
D．A
contented
mind
is
an
everlasting
feast.
B [主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“God
judges
us
just
by
our
heart，so
we
should
never
judge
a
man
by
his
appearance.”可知，上帝凭我们的内心审判我们，所以我们决不可凭外貌审判人。这是本文要告诉我们的人生哲理，B选项“Don't
judge
a
book
by
its
cover.”表达的意思与主题契合。故选B项。]
7．The
author
was
nervous
when
the
motorcyclist
offered
to
take
a
picture
because
________．
A．the
motorcyclist
would
break
the
camera
B．he
could
have
lost
the
camera
with
memories
C．the
motorcyclist
might
not
be
good
at
taking
pictures
D．his
wife
might
not
be
satisfied
with
the
view
there
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I
must
admit
I
felt
nervous
that
we
might
be
robbed
where
we
just
created
some
beautiful
memories.”可知，我必须承认，我感到紧张，我们可能会被抢劫，我们只是创造了一些美好的回忆。由此可知，作者担心那个衣衫褴褛的人会抢走他的相机。故选B项。]
8．Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
driver
of
the
motorcycle?
A．Kind
and
straightforward.
B．Cautious
and
admirable.
C．Rich
and
skeptical.
D．Creative
and
tolerant.
A [推理判断题。从文中摩托车司机直接向作者要相机给他们拍照，并没有过多的言语，为作者和妻子创造了美好的回忆，由此推知，摩托车司机非常的善良而且直率。故选A项。]
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We
often
see
bullies(恃强凌弱者)on
television
shows.They
like
to
give
people
a
hard
time
for
no
reason
at
all.They
call
people
names，take
their
things
and
make
them
feel
scared
over
and
over
again.Bullying
can
also
happen
in
real
life，especially
at
school.
What
causes
the
bullying?
There
are
many
reasons
that
can
cause
a
child
to
become
a
bully.If
a
child
is
bullied
by
his
or
her
parents，that
child
is
likely
to
imitate
this
behavior
at
school，according
to
The
Huffington
Post.In
addition，a
child
who
has
been
given
too
much
power
at
home
is
also
likely
to
become
a
bully.The
child
may
believe
he
or
she
has
the
right
to
bully
others
at
school
because
he
or
she
is
treated
like
an
emperor
at
home.Some
children
are
also
said
to
become
bullies
because
they
have
been
influenced
by
violent
films
and
games.They
are
too
young
to
tell
between
right
and
wrong.
School
bullying
can
have
a
great
influence
on
someone's
life.Xi
Leng
(not
her
real
name)was
bullied
during
her
early
days
at
school.Even
though
she
turned
20
this
year，she
is
still
affected
badly
by
her
experiences
during
her
terrible
time
at
primary
school.“I
really
struggled
every
day
back
then，and
even
thought
about
killing
myself，”Xi
wrote
on
Zhihu，a
question?and?answer
website，remembering
how
her
books
were
covered
with
graffiti(涂鸦)，and
her
name
was
deliberately
changed
on
her
homework
before
it
reached
the
teachers.
In
order
to
solve
the
problem
of
school
bullying，guidelines
were
released
on
Nov.11
by
nine
government
departments，including
the
Ministry
of
Education
and
the
Supreme
People's
Court(最高人民法院).For
example，schools
have
been
told
to
make
students
more
aware
of
bullying，to
inform
students
about
its
consequences
and
to
teach
them
to
protect
themselves.In
addition，students
who
have
serious
problems
with
their
behavior
may
now
be
sent
to
special
schools.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Bullying
happens
not
only
on
TV
shows
but
also
in
real
life，at
school
in
particular.A
child
may
become
a
bully
for
different
reasons，like
being
bullied
by
parents，having
too
much
power
at
home，or
watching
too
much
violent
films.School
bullying
has
a
long?lasting
and
harmful
impact
on
the
victim's
life.Therefore，the
Chinese
government
has
released
guidelines
to
solve
the
problem
of
school
bullying.
1速读P2－3教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．Jade
is
a
plain?looking
girl.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
2．Dr
Hart
thinks
that
it
is
helpful
to
pretend
to
be
someone.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．Anthony
has
17
lipsticks
and
can't
decide
which
one
to
use
every
morning.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．Dr
Hart
thinks
inner
beauty
is
less
important
than
external
beauty.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．Emma
wants
to
be
a
plus?size
model
at
college.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 ABBBC
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．why
I
could
never
understand
my
sister
B．how
good
I
looked
C．what
I
say
D．What
I
really
admire
E．what
it
means
to
be
beautiful
F．that
inner
beauty
is
very
important
1．Dad
thinks
I
am
a
narcissist，but
____________
is
that
my
pictures
aren't
hurting
anyone，so
who
cares?
2．That's
______________，who
has
17
lipsticks
and
can't
decide
which
one
to
use
every
morning.
3．But
I
was
surprised
at
______________
after
the
makeover!
4．It's
true
________________，but
external
beauty
shouldn't
be
completely
overlooked.
5．Her
story
changed
my
ideas
about
____________.
6．____________
is
the
way
she
has
acknowledged
that
good
health
not
only
makes
us
more
beautiful，but
happier，too!
[答案] 1－6 CABFED
Ⅲ.表格填空
It's
all
about
ME！
Jade
◆She
is
24
years
old
and
an
1.accounting
manager．◆She
is
2.plain?looking，but
she
uses
selfie
apps
to
obtain
the
praise
of
others
online.
Anthony
◆He
is
21
years
old
and
a
3.college
student．◆He
never
really
cared
about
his
4.appearance，but
he
was
surprised
at
how
good
he
looked
after
the
makeover.◆He
perceived
that
5.external
beauty
isn't
totally
worthless.
Emma
◆She
is
17
years
old
and
a
senior
high
school
student.◆She
is
larger
than
other
girls，which
really
6.bothered
her.◆Tess
Holliday's
story
changed
her
7.ideas
about
what
it
means
to
be
beautiful.◆She
thinks
8.mental
and
physical
health
is
the
most
important
thing.
Dr
Hart
◆People
who
9.pretend
to
be
someone
they
are
not
tend
to
misjudge
themselves.◆It's
true
that
10.inner
beauty
is
very
important，but
external
beauty
shouldn't
be
completely
overlooked.◆Being
healthy
is
beautiful.
细读P2－3教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
段落
主旨大意
1.Para.12.Para.23.Para.34.Para.45.Para.56.Para.67.Para.7
A．Online
photo
editing
gives
the
false
image.B．The
meaning
of“ME”．C．Jade
uses
selfie
apps
to
look
good.D．The
importance
of
external
beauty.E．The
makeover
makes
Anthony
confident.F．Being
healthy
is
beautiful.G．Large
Emma
has
the
confidence
to
be
herself.
[答案] 1－5 BCAED 6－7 GF
Ⅱ.阅读理解
1．Why
does
Jade
like
spending
hours
every
day
editing
her
selfies?
A．Because
she
wants
to
appreciate
the
beauty
in
herself.
B．Because
she
loves
listening
to
the
songs
of
Ugly
Betty.
C．Because
she
is
a
narcissist
and
cares
only
about
herself.
D．Because
she
is
plain?looking
and
wants
to
look
good.
2．What
does
Anthony
learn
from
the
TV
programme“A
New
You”？
A．It's
wrong
to
care
much
about
his
own
appearance.
B．What
his
sister
does
is
not
proper
at
all.
C．External
beauty
is
of
great
importance.
D．The
makeover
can
make
girls
worthless.
3．What
is
the
most
important
according
to
Emma?
A．Success.
B．Health.
C．Confidence.
D．Exercise.
4．What
can
we
infer
from
what
Dr
Hart
said?
A．Selfie
apps
are
very
useful.
B．A
lack
of
self?confidence
is
false.
C．External
beauty
is
not
important.
D．Good
health
is
what
we
have.
[答案] 1－4 DCBD
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(一)——人物外貌描写
A．阅读教材课文中含有表示人物外貌描写的语句。
1．I
understand
this
more
than
most，as
I
have
always
been
plain?looking.
2．I'm
a
girl
who'd
love
to
look
good.
3．I
never
really
cared
about
my
appearance.
4．But
I
was
surprised
at
how
good
I
looked
after
the
makeover!
5．For
the
first
time
in
my
life
I
saw
myself
as
a
handsome
and
well?presented
young
man.
B．判断下列句子是否为表示人物外貌描写语句。
1．Ever
since
I
was
little，I've
been
larger
than
other
girls.(是)
2．Although
she's
larger
than
most
other
models，she's
really
attractive
and
has
the
confidence
to
be
herself
—
even
in
an
industry
full
of
beauty
stereotypes.(是)
3．I
realised
that
my
health，mental
and
physical，is
the
most
important
thing.(不是)
4．I
mean，isn't
it
better
that
I'm
large
and
happy，instead
of
skinny
and
unhealthy？(是)
4关于文学作品的介绍
文学作品介绍一般包括小说、戏剧等的故事背景、故事情节、人物角色，最后要发表一下自己的观点。对作品做出评价时，我们可以从一个情节和人物形象或一个场面等方面着手。
[基本框架]
第一段：简要介绍文学作品及作者。
第二段：详细介绍其故事背景、故事情节、人物角色等。
第三段：发表自己的观点。
[注意事项]
1．主要是一般现在时，也可根据需要灵活使用其他时态。
2．以第一和第三人称为主。
3．使用恰当的过渡词。
[常用词块]
1．fairy
tales童话故事
2．my
favorite
novel我最喜欢的小说
3．be
written
by由……创作
4．write
many
scientific
romances写了很多科幻小说
5．devote
himself
to
literature致力于文学(写作)
6．a
vivid
description
of
many
difficulties
and
incidents
生动地描述了许多困难和事情
7．learn
a
lot
from
the
book从这本书中学到很多
8．a
nice
and
funny
book一本又好看又有趣的书
9．be
about
the
life
of
a
poor
child关于一个贫穷孩子的生活
10．the
contents
and
plots
of
the
book这本书的内容和情节
[常用语句]
1．I
enjoy
reading
different
kinds
of
books，but“Harry
Porter”is
my
favorite
one.
我很喜欢读不同种类的书，但是，《哈利·波特》是我最喜欢的书。
2．The
fairy
tales
are
my
favorites，such
as
Grimm's
Fairy
Tales，Anderson's
Fairy
Tales
and
so
on.
童话故事是我最喜欢的，比如说《格林童话》，《安徒生童话》等。
3．The
story
is
very
long
but
I
am
interested
in
it.
这个故事很长，但是我很感兴趣。
4．In
fact，the
fiction
story
is
so
meaningful
that
I
can
learn
a
lot
from
it.
事实上，这个小说非常有意义，我从这本书中学到很多。
5．We
are
also
astonished
and
convinced
by
his
fertile
imagination
and
scientific
and
geographical
knowledge.
我们也对他丰富的想象力，科学、地理知识感到很吃惊和折服。
6．I
think
it's
the
best
book
I've
ever
read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的书。
请写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍小说《百万英镑》(The
Million
Pound
Bank
Note)，要求包括如下内容：
1．作者：Mark
Twain
2．语言风格：幽默、讽刺
3．故事梗概：伦敦的两位富翁打赌，把一张无法兑现的百万支票借给落魄的美国穷人亨利·亚当，看他在一个月内如何收场。一个月的期限到了，亨利不仅没有饿死或被捕，反倒成了富翁，并且赢得了一位漂亮小姐的芳心。
4．你印象最深的地方。
[参考词汇]讽刺的
sarcastic
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
The
novel
The
Million
Pound
Bank
Note
was
written
by
Mark
Twain，a
great
American
writer.Through
his
humorous
and
sarcastic
language，Mark
Twain
successfully
depicted
an
unbelievable
adventure
of
Henry
Adams，a
penniless
American
in
London.
Two
rich
men
in
London
have
a
bet
on
Henry
and
want
to
see
what
will
become
of
him
a
month
later
if
they
give
him
a
million
pound
banknote
which
can't
be
cashed
for
even
a
penny.A
month
later，Henry
isn't
starved
nor
arrested，but
becomes
a
millionaire
dramatically.What's
more，he
even
wins
the
love
of
a
pretty
lady.
What
impresses
me
most
is
that
in
the
story，Henry's
note
is
only
exhibited
for
the
eyes
of
others
as
a
symbol
of
wealth.On
second
thought，maybe
it
is
not
Henry，but
people's
crazy
love
for
money，that
fools
the
world.
3
