课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Go
and
get
your
coat.It's
where
you
left
it.
2．That's
why
I
want
you
to
work
there.
3．Mother
took
hold
of
the
barking(bark)dogs
by
their
collars.
4．Protective
measures
are
necessary
if
the
city's
monuments
are
to
be
preserved(preserve).
5．The
students
have
submitted
their
essays(essay)to
their
tutors.
6．The
large
share
of
travel
in
Europe
is
dominated(dominate)by
Europeans.
7．Patients
may
not
receive
the
loving
care
once
associated
with
a
hospital
stay.
8．The
fire
burned
up
more
than
50，000
pounds'worth
of
antiques(antique).
9．The
analysis
of
a
problem
is
the
starting
point
for
its
solution.
10．The
committee
is
comprised(comprise)of
representatives
from
both
the
public
and
private
sectors.
Ⅱ.完形填空
On
Sunday
I
had
my
own
Father's
Day
celebration.Suddenly
I__1__about
my
dad
a
lot.My
dad
is__2__the
kindest
man
in
the
world.He
would
never
refuse
anyone
in
trouble.
Every
Thursday
night，my
dad
would__3__Shreveport，to
a
church
there.I
always
drove
the
car
for
him.
__4__this
happened
many
times，I
recall(回想起)one
incident
on
one
of
those
trips
to
Shreveport.That
time
on
the__5__，my
dad
saw
a
hitchhiker(搭便车的人).Dad
asked
me
to
pull
the
car
over
and
offer
him
a__6__.Dad
asked
him
his
name
and
address，told
him
ours，and
talked
to
him
about
all
sorts
of
things.
At
first
the
hitchhiker
was
hesitant(迟疑的)，but
he
changed
his__7__as
he
could
tell
we
were
really
listening
to
him.I
did
know
that
it
was
quite__8__outside
and
the
hitchhiker
was
very
happy
to
be
able
to
get
a
lift
in
our
warm
car.
We
drove
another
forty?five
minutes
and
learned
that
the
hitchhiker
was__9__many
difficulties
in
life.Dad
told
him
to
keep
his
head
up
and
said
that__10__would
become
better
for
him
soon.He
reached
into
his
pocket
and
handed
the
hitchhiker
a
twenty?dollar
bill，leaving
only
a
ten?dollar
bill
for
himself.The
hitchhiker
then
became
very__11__．
I
was
always
told
never
to__12__a
hitchhiker
and
yet
my
dad
did
it
every
time
he
saw
one.Dad
always
gave
them
money__13__he
did
not
have
much
of
his
own.
From
that
I've
learned
a
lot
about
my
dad
and
life.I've
learned
that
if
you
come
from
a
place
with__14__，you
will
show
a
lot
of
kindness
to
people
who
are
suffering.Just
one
single
kind
act
may__15__someone's
life.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲总是帮助别人，父亲的善举也让作者明白了一个道理：一个简单的善行可能会改变一个人的一生。
1．A.worried
B．thought
C．talked
D．learned
B [根据下文作者对父亲的描述可知，他想到了自己的父亲。故选B。]
2．A.hardly
B．basically
C．absolutely
D．finally
C [根据下文的叙述可知，作者认为父亲绝对是世界上最善良的人。故选C。]
3．A.drive
to
B．stay
in
C．come
from
D．head
for
D [根据后面的“...to
a
church
there.I
always
drove
the
car
for
him.”可知，作者的父亲是要去什里夫波特，故选D。]
4．A.Because
B．So
C．Unless
D．Although
D [虽然作者多次帮父亲开车去做礼拜，但是他仍然记得其中的一件事情。上下文之间为转折关系，故选D。]
5．A.field
B．street
C．side
D．way
D [根据句中的“my
dad
saw
a
hitchhiker(搭便车的人)”可知，作者和父亲是在去什里夫波特的途中。on
the
way在……途中，故选D。]
6．A.gift
B．lift
C．chance
D．sign
B [give/offer
sb.a
lift让某人搭顺路车，捎某人一程，下文中的“be
able
to
get
a
lift”也是提示。故选B。]
7．A.attitude
B．trip
C．route
D．road
A [根据句中的“At
first
the
hitchhiker
was
hesitant(迟疑的)...”可知，当他知道作者他们在认真地听他讲话时，他的态度也就变了。故选A。]
8．A.dark
B．sunny
C．cold
D．windy
C [根据句中的“get
a
lift
in
our
warm
car”可推断，外面很冷。故选C。]
9．A.confronting
B．finding
C．deciding
D．causing
A [根据下一句“Dad
told
him
to
keep
his
head
up
and
said
that________would
become
better
for
him
soon.”可知，那个人当时面临很多困难。故选A。]
10．A.something
B．anything
C．nothing
D．everything
D [此处是指作者的父亲鼓励他每件事都会变好的，故选D。]
11．A.angry
B．nervous
C．sad
D．grateful
D [根据常识可知，那个人得到父亲的帮助后应该很感激。故选D。]
12．A.give
up
B．pick
up
C．put
up
D．set
up
B [根据句中的“yet
my
dad
did
it
every
time
he
saw
one”可知，这里指别人告诉作者永远不要让路人搭便车。故选B。]
13．A.and
B．if
C．though
D．unless
C [句意为：尽管父亲不是很有钱，他还是经常资助搭便车的人。根据空后的“he
did
not
have
much
of
his
own”可知，前后两个分句表示让步关系，故选C。]
14．A.laughter
B．success
C．complaint
D．love
D [根据后文的“a
lot
of
kindness”可知，只有在有爱的环境中成长的人才会善待他人。故选D。]
15．A.enjoy
B．change
C．risk
D．share
B [根据句中的“kind
act”和全文内容可知，一个简单的善行可能会改变某个人的一生。故选B。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Nowadays，it
is
common
1.__________more
and
more
high
school
students
open
their
own
microblogs
on
the
Internet.For
one
thing，it
can
provide
a
colorful
platform
to
show
their
talents.For
another，it
is
a
useful
way
2.________(release)their
pressure.And
all
these
make
it
more
and
more
popular
with
high
school
students.But
many
parents
and
teachers
hold
a
different
view.They
think
that
managing
one's
microblog
will
take
a
lot
of
time
and
energy，3.________should
be
used
to
study.
In
my
view，I
am
4.________(great)in
favor
of
this
activity.Today
the
Internet
is
playing
5.________important
role
in
our
life.Therefore，as
high
school
students
of
the
Information
Age，we
need
to
learn
to
make
use
of
this
6.________(value)tool
to
communicate.What's
more，opening
and
organizing
microblogs
need
various
7.________(ability)such
as
writing，designing，being
skillful
at
computer
and
so
on.As
a
result，we
improve
ourselves
while
8.________(organize)our
microblogs.
In
fact，microblog
9.________(it)is
of
little
harm.It
is
your
attitude
towards
it
that
10.________(matter).We
should
take
the
advantages
and
avoid
some
bad
effects.
【语篇解读】 本文讨论了高中生开微博这一现象的利与弊。
1．that [考查主语从句。句意为：当今，越来越多的高中生在互联网上开设自己的微博，这是很普遍的。此处it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。故填that。]
2．to
release [考查非谓语动词。the
way
to
do
sth.做某事的方法。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故填to
release。]
3．which [考查非限制性定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面提到的
a
lot
of
time
and
energy，且在从句中作主语，故填which。]
4．greatly [考查副词。此处修饰谓语be
in
favor
of，故用副词形式。]
5．an [考查冠词。play
a
part/role
in为固定搭配，表示“在……中起作用”，又因为important的第一个音素为元音，故前面应该用an。]
6．valuable [考查形容词。此处需要用形容词修饰名词tool，故用valuable。]
7．abilities [考查名词的单复数。由空后的内容可知，此处指不同的能力，故用复数形式。]
8．organizing [考查状语从句的省略。此处while后面省略了organize的逻辑主语we以及be动词，表示“当……在做某事时”，补充完整为while
we
are
organizing...，故填organizing。]
9．itself [考查代词。句意为：事实上，微博本身几乎没有害处。故应该用第三人称反身代词itself。]
10．matters [考查动词的时态。句意为：重要的是你对它的态度。此句是强调句式，由前半句中的is可知，此处用一般现在时态，故填matters。]
1速读P14－15教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．Bill
Cunningham
often
rode
an
ordinary
bicycle
around
the
streets
of
New
York.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
2．Cunningham
liked
to
photograph
only
ordinary
people
in
the
poor
Bronx.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．Cunningham's
devotion
and
hard
work
makes
his
pictures
so
special.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．Cunningham
liked
to
live
a
simple
life
as
a
world?famous
fashion
photographer.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．The
writer
is
going
to
show
Cunningham's
pictures
to
the
whole
world
soon.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 ABAAC
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．what
we
see
reflected
within
his
photos
B．what
made
Cunningham
great
C．what
people
were
wearing
D．where
he
usually
had
the
same
meal
of
sausages
E．how
he
wanted
it
F．when
he
passed
away
1．Moreover，___________
was
his
devotion
to
photography，and
the
hours
and
hours
of
sheer
hard
work
he
put
into
his
work.
2．This
devotion
and
hard
work
is
______________．
3．A
simple
restaurant
was
______________，eggs
and
coffee.
4．Through
his
fascination
with
______________，and
not
who
they
were，he
opened
the
doors
of
fashion
to
everyone...
5．He
was
87
____________，and
had
been
working
right
up
until
his
last
illness.
6．Bill
Cunningham
was
an
observer，and
not
one
of
the
observed，a
worker
not
a
star
—
and
this
was
________．
[答案] 1－6 BADCFE
Ⅲ.表格填空
Bill
Cunningham
What
he
was
◆He
is
one
of
the
most
important
American
1.photographers．◆He
always
took
all
his
2.pictures
using
simple，relatively
cheap
cameras
on
the
streets
of
New
York.◆He
liked
to
photograph
3.ordinary
people
in
the
poor
Bronx
as
much
as
VIPs
in
rich
Manhattan.
Fashion
belief
◆Fashion
belongs
to
the
people，not
just
to
4.high
society
and
big
brands.◆It's
about
what
people
were
wearing，and
not
5.who
they
were.
Devotion
to
photograph
◆He
would
go
out
onto
the
streets
of
New
York
every
day，6.regardless
of
the
weather.◆He
would
not
7.come
back
until
he
had
the
right
photos
and
hardly
ever
took
a
day
off
and
not
once
stayed
home
sick.
Life
philosophy
◆He
lived
in
a
8.small
apartment
with
a
shared
washroom
and
usually
had
the
same
meal
in
a
simple
restaurant.◆He
never
accepted
the
9.benefits
offered
to
him.◆He
valued
10.his
integrity
and
would
not
be
bought
by
anyone.
细读P14－15教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
段落
主旨大意
1.Para.12.Para.23.Para.34.Para.45.Para.56.Para.67.Para.7
A．Cunningham
was
an
important
American
photographer.B．Something
that
made
Cunningham
great.C．Cunningham
was
an
unremarkable
old
man.D．Cunningham's
simple
approach
to
life.E．Cunningham's
devotion
to
photography.F．Cunningham
devoted
all
his
life
to
photography.G．Cunningham's
integrity.
[答案] 1－5 CABED 6－7 GF
Ⅱ.阅读理解
1．Why
do
people
always
think
Cunningham
is
unremarkable?
A．Because
he
is
too
ordinary?looking.
B．Because
he
likes
riding
an
ordinary
bicycle.
C．Because
he
loves
wearing
ordinary
clothes.
D．Because
he
always
poses
for
high
society.
2．What
made
Cunningham
so
great
a
photographer?
A．Expensive
technologically?advanced
equipment.
B．A
wide
range
of
contacts
and
connections.
C．Fashionable
parties
and
events.
D．The
inspiration
in
simple
everyday
scenes.
3．What
usually
can
we
see
from
his
photos?
A．His
approach
to
life.
B．His
devotion
and
hard
work.
C．His
apartment
and
daily
food.
D．The
benefits
offered
to
him.
4．What
is
Cunningham's
attitude
to
money?
A．The
most
expensive
thing.
B．The
most
important
thing.
C．The
cheapest
thing.
D．The
most
valuable
thing.
[答案] 1－4 ADBC
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(二)——人物个性品格
A．阅读教材课文中含有表示人物个性品格的语句。
1．Although
he
always
knew
where
fashionable
parties
and
events
were
happening，Cunningham
liked
to
photograph
ordinary
people
in
the
poor
Bronx
as
much
as
VIPs
in
rich
Manhattan.
2．Moreover，what
made
Cunningham
great
was
his
devotion
to
photography，and
the
hours
and
hours
of
sheer
hard
work
he
put
into
his
work.
3．Cunningham
never
accepted
the
benefits
offered
to
him
for
being
a
fashion
photographer.
4．He
valued
his
integrity
and
would
not
be
bought
by
anyone，no
matter
how
many
free
clothes
or
flights
to
faraway
destinations
he
was
offered.
5．This
lack
of
self?interest
and
promotion
kept
Cunningham
focused
on
his
craft，enabling
him
to
capture
New
York's
unique
street
style.
B．判断下列句子是否为表示人物个性品格的语句。
1．Cunningham's
passion
for
photography
lasted
throughout
his
life.(是)
2．Nothing
ever
stopped
him
from
getting
the
photo
he
wanted.(是)
3．His
hard
work
made
him
more
than
a
fashion
photographer
—he
was
a“cultural
anthropologist”，who
we
can
thank
for
recording
the
life
of
a
whole
city
and
its
people
over
half
a
century.(不是)
41．My
philosophy
of
life
is
work.
—Thomas
Alva
Edison
我的人生哲学就是工作。
2．When
work
is
a
pleasure，life
is
joy!
When
work
is
duty，life
is
slavery.
—Maxim
Gorky
工作是一种乐趣时，生活是一种享受！工作是一种义务时，生活则是一种苦役。
3．It
is
no
use
doing
what
you
like;
you
have
got
to
like
what
you
do.
—Winston
Churchill
不能爱哪行才干哪行，要干哪行爱哪行。
4．Natural
abilities
are
like
natural
plants
that
need
pruning
by
study.
—Francis
Bacon
天生的才干如同天生的植物一样，需要靠学习来修剪。
5．Work
banishes
those
three
great
evils:
boredom，vice，and
poverty.
—Voltaire
工作撵跑三个魔鬼：无聊、堕落和贫穷。
Choosing
a
job
is
never
easy.Whether
it
is
for
students
or
for
those
who
have
already
worked
in
the
workplace，this
is
a
major
decision.Standing
in
front
of
a
main
crossroad
of
life，we
may
panic
and
become
confused.Maybe
you
should
ask
yourself
this
question
first:
Does
this
position
meet
my
values?
It
is
undeniable
(不可否认的)that
each
of
us
has
our
own
values.Some
people
like
to
judge
the
merits
and
demerits
of
different
values;
but
the
fact
is
that
most
times
there
are
only
differences
among
various
values，not
superiority
(优势)or
inferiority(劣势).Different
values
should
adopt
different
paths.Don't
forget.It
is
the
adequate
one
which
is
the
best.May
you
find
the
future
that
suits
you
best.
Do
you
have
a
goal
for
life?
What's
it?
Do
you
want
to
become
a
writer，singer
or
just
become
a
rich
person?
Wang
Yu
worked
in
a
small
company
in
Nanjing.The
job
was
good
and
he
didn't
have
to
work
for
extra
hours.However，he
felt
the
work
was
not
exciting
at
all
and
the
life
was
boring.So
he
gave
up
his
job
and
went
to
Beijing
in
February，2007.When
he
arrived
in
Beijing，he
set
his
new
goal
as
finding
a
good
job.
One
researcher
says，“Everybody
has
his/her
own
life
goal，which
will
be
surely
different
from
people
to
people.If
one
is
poor，one's
life
goal
will
be
to
earn
more
money;
if
one
doesn't
have
a
diploma，studying
hard
to
get
a
diploma
will
become
his
life
goal;
and
if
one
doesn't
have
love，his
life
goal
will
be
to
look
for
it.But
if
one
has
no
life
goal，he
will
idle
away
(虚度)his
lifetime.”
[探索发现]
1．What
was
Wang
Yu's
new
goal
when
he
arrived
in
Beijing?
Finding
a
good
job.
2．What
is
a
poor
man's
life
goal
according
to
this
passage?
To
earn
more
money.
3．What
is
the
main
idea
of
this
passage?
Set
your
practical
goal.
1写一篇说明文
说明文主要集中在介绍事物、社会现象、地点等方面。写作时要按照一定的顺序进行介绍和说明，以达到实际应用和交际的目的。
[基本框架]
1．开头：主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的。
2．主体：详细说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤。
3．结尾：进行总结概括。
[注意事项]
1．仔细审题：明确说明对象，要主次分明，抓住要说明的事物的主要特征。
2．选择合理的说明顺序：比如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序，分层进行说明，注意条理清晰。
[常用词块]
1．be
familiar
with
its
history
熟悉它的历史
2．other
important
aspects其他重要的方面
3．raise
their
awareness
of
keeping
fit
提高他们保持健康的意识
4．play
a
very
important
role
in
daily
communication
在日常交流中起着非常重要的作用
5．the
reason
behind
this这背后的原因
6．the
application
of
new
technologies新技术的应用
7．account
for
the
increase解释增长的原因
8．for
one
reason
or
another因某种理由
9．has
a
history
of
more
than
3，000
years
有3
000多年的历史
10．covers
an
area
of
more
than
16，000
square
kilometres占地面积16
000多平方公里
[常用语句]
☆精彩开头
1．Today，the
topic
is...今天的主题是……
2．When
you
find/see...，what
should
you
do?
当你发现/看到……，你应该怎么做？
3．As
is
known
to
all，it
is
important
to...
众所周知，……是很重要的。
☆丰满主体
1．The
reason
for...is
that...……的原因是……
2．This
brings
out
the
important
fact
that...
这引出了一个重要的事实……
3．More
importantly，you
should...
更重要的是，你应该……
4．It
is
well
known
that...is
very
important
in
our
daily
lives
because...
众所周知……在我们的日常生活中很重要，因为……
5．...can
not
only...，but
also...
……不仅……，而且……
6．...is
very
important
/
convenient
/
helpful
when
people
want
to...
当人们想要……时，……很重要/方便/有用。
☆余味结尾
1．It
would
give
us
a
chance
to...
这将给我们一个机会……
2．In
a
word，as
long
as
you...you
can...
总之，只要你……你可以……
3．In
a
word，...is
also
a
fascinating
place
to
enjoy
your
holiday
and
it's
convenient
to
travel
there.
总之，……也是一个享受假期的好地方，去那里旅游很方便。
假如你是李华，请你给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏
目写一篇短文，介绍我们伟大的首都——北京。要点如下：
1．基本概况：人口约2
000万，面积16
000多平方千米，位于华北平原北部；
2．气候：四季分明，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥；
3．历史与文化：有3
000多年的历史，政治、文化中心，著名大学很多；
4．交通与旅游：交通便利，有很多旅游景点。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Beijing，the
capital
of
China，has
a
population
of
about
20
million
and
covers
an
area
of
more
than
16，000
square
kilometres.Located
in
the
north
of
the
North
China
Plain，Beijing
has
four
distinct
seasons，which
is
hot
and
rainy
in
summer
and
cold
and
dry
in
winter.
Beijing，the
political
and
cultural
centre
of
China，has
a
history
of
more
than
3，000
years.There
are
many
universities
in
Beijing，of
which
Peking
University
and
Tsinghua
University
are
the
most
famous.
Beijing
is
also
a
fascinating
place
to
enjoy
your
holiday
and
it's
convenient
to
travel
there.There
are
many
places
of
interest，such
as
the
Forbidden
City
and
the
Great
Wall.
1课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Orville
Wright
was
born
on
August
19，1871
in
Dayton，Ohio，USA
and
died
on
January
30，1948.Together
with
his
brother，Wilbur
(April
16，1867—May
30，1912)，he
was
the
first
airplane
builder.The
brothers
created
the
first
controlled，powered
and
heavier?than?air
human
flight.
Their
parents
were
Milton
Wright
and
Susan
Catherine
Koerner
and
besides
the
two
famous
brothers
they
had
five
children.One
day
after
a
trip
their
father
brought
a
small
helicopter
as
a
gift.The
kids
loved
it
and
as
they
played
daily
with
it，it
broke
after
a
while.The
brothers
managed
to
create
a
new
one.Wilbur
even
let
go
his
plans
of
attending
Yale.He
spent
his
time
helping
his
sick
mother
and
reading
in
his
father's
library.
In
1884
the
family
decided
to
move
to
Dayton
and
they
remained
there
until
the
1870's.A
printing
press
was
built
by
the
two
and
Wilbur
was
an
editor.In
1892
they
started
being
fascinated
by
the
aeronautical(航空的)
events
of
that
time.Then
they
started
to
create
an
airplane
and
Wilbur
was
considered
the
head
of
the
team.They
were
the
inventors
of“three?axis
control”，which
permitted
the
pilot
to
steer
the
aircraft's
balance.
In
1900
they
had
their
first
attempt
to
make
a
functional
glider(滑翔机)—of
course
it
didn't
have
a
pilot.After
three
years
they
thought
of
introducing
an
engine
to
the
glider.At
first，their
patent
application
was
refused
in
1903，but
after
one
year
it
was
accepted.
Orville's
first
flight
lasted
12
seconds
and
had
36.5
metres.He
was
responsible
with
the
public
shows
near
Washington
in
the
United
States.On
September
9，1908
his
flight
was
62
minutes
and
15
seconds
long
and
the
success
was
huge.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了飞机发明家莱特兄弟——奥维尔·莱特和维尔伯·莱特，包括他们的爱好、发明以及对人类进步做出的巨大贡献。
1．What
might
make
Wright
brothers
interested
in
the
plane?
A．The
pleasant
trip.
B．Catherine's
education.
C．The
political
events.
D．Their
father's
gift.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One
day
after
a
trip
his
father
brought
a
small
helicopter
as
a
gift.The
kids
loved
it
and
as
they
played
daily
with
it，it
broke
after
a
while.The
brothers
managed
to
create
a
new
one.”可知，是父亲带回来的飞机模型使莱特兄弟对飞机产生了兴趣。故选D。]
2．Wilbur
didn't
go
to
Yale
probably
because________．
A．he
had
to
create
a
plane
B．he
didn't
have
enough
money
C．he
would
like
to
learn
by
himself
D．his
mother
asked
him
to
stay
at
home
A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The
brothers
managed
to
create
a
new
one.Wilbur
even
let
go
his
plans
of
attending
Yale.He
spent
his
time
helping
his
sick
mother
and
reading
in
his
father's
library.”可知，维尔伯因为制造飞机而没有去耶鲁大学上学。故选A。]
3．The
underlined
word“steer”(in
Paragraph
3)probably
means“________”．
A．keep
B．drive
C．learn
D．enjoy
A [词义猜测题。由画线词所在句“They
were
the
inventors
of‘three?axis
control’，which
permitted
the
pilot
to
steer
the
aircraft's
balance.”可知，“three?axis
control”肯定是有助于保持飞机平衡的东西，故画线词的含义是“保持，维持”。故选A。]
4．This
passage
tells
us
about________．
A．the
plane's
history
B．Milton
and
his
children
C．Wright
brothers'
lives
D．the
development
of
science
C [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了莱特兄弟的生平。故选C。]
B
Sure，you
talk
to
your
parents，but
what
if
you
need
to
really
talk?
Maybe
you
have
a
problem
you
can't
solve
alone，or
it
could
be
that
you
want
to
feel
closer
to
Mom
and
Dad.
It's
easy
to
say“Hi，Mom”or“Dad，can
you
pass
the
potatoes？”，but
it
can
be
harder
to
start
a
discussion
about
tougher
topics.When
you
were
younger，it
probably
felt
easy
to
tell
your
parents
about
your
trouble.Even
though
you're
older
now，it's
still
perfectly
OK
to
believe
in
your
parents.In
fact，it
can
help
a
lot.
So
why
does
it
seem
so
uncomfortable
at
times?
Why
is
it
hard
to
bring
up
the
important
stuff?
Sometimes
kids
don't
speak
up
because
they
don't
want
to
feel
embarrassed(尴尬的).Let's
face
it—talking
about
personal
stuff
can
make
you
feel
embarrassed.But
remember，your
parents
know
you
pretty
well，and
they
were
your
age
once，too!
So
don't
let
a
little
embarrassment
stop
you.It's
OK
to
go
ahead
and
share
the
personal
stuff.
Other
times，kids
might
not
want
to
make
their
parents
anxious
or
upset.As
you
explain
your
problem，your
mom
might
look
sad
or
your
dad
might
look
worried.But
that's
OK.Your
mom
and
dad
can
deal
with
knowing
about
your
problem，big
or
small.That
look
on
their
face
just
means
they
care，and
they
feel
for
you.That's
what
families
do—we
feel
for
the
people
we
love.
Sometimes，kids
don't
bring
up
a
problem
because
they
just
don't
want
to
think
about
it.They
hope
it
will
just
go
away.When
meeting
a
problem，they
will
likely
choose
not
to
face
it
or
just
keep
it
for
themselves.But
running
away
from
a
problem
hardly
ever
solves
it.And
bottling
up
your
feelings
can
make
you
feel
stressed.
Talking
things
over
with
parents
can
help
you
feel
less
stressed.Together，you
can
think
of
ways
to
solve
the
problem
and
make
you
feel
better.Just
knowing
your
parents
understand
and
care
about
what
you're
going
through
can
reduce
your
stress
a
lot.
【语篇解读】 孩子长大后和父母交谈的次数越来越少。本文建议孩子应和父母分享自己的感情，因为和父母交谈可以帮助自己减轻压力。
5．Some
kids
don't
want
to
share
their
problems
with
parents
because
they________．
A．believe
they
can
solve
the
problems
themselves
B．are
afraid
their
parents
may
know
their
secrets
C．don't
think
their
parents
will
understand
them
D．don't
want
to
make
themselves
embarrassed
D [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Sometimes
kids
don't
speak
up
because
they
don't
want
to
feel
embarrassed(尴尬的).”可知，一些孩子不想和父母分享烦恼是因为他们不想感到尴尬。故选D。]
6．What
is
the
advantage
of
talking
with
parents
about
your
problems?
A.It
makes
your
problems
less
difficult.
B．It
improves
the
family
relationship.
C．It
helps
a
lot
to
reduce
pressure.
D．It
improves
your
ability
to
solve
problems.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Talking
things
over
with
parents
can
help
you
feel
less
stressed.”可知，和父母交谈可以减少压力。故选C。]
7．What
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．Let's
Talk
to
Each
Other
B．When
You
Need
to
Talk
to
Your
Parents
C．Why
You
Don't
Want
a
Talk
D．Come
and
Talk
to
Your
Parents
D [标题归纳题。本文在第一段就点出主题，然后介绍了和父母进行交谈的好处，特别是最后一段强调了和父母进行交谈的必要性。所以D项作本文标题最佳。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It
was
somewhere
between
spring
and
summer，my
mom
and
I
were
driving
through
the
countryside.Back
then，I
was
13
years
old，and
always
felt
unhappy
with
mom.But
little
did
I
know
that
this
trip
was
going
to
be
a
special
one.
A
pot
of
flowers
sat
in
the
back
seat，whose
heavenly
scent
filled
the
car.
Suddenly，in
the
middle
of
nowhere，my
mom
pulled
over.“What
are
you
doing？”I
cried，fearing
that
the
car
had
broken
down
and
we'd
be
stuck
there，so
far
from
home.But
that
wasn't
the
case.My
mom
hopped
out
of
the
car，grabbing
the
flowers
from
the
back
seat.“It'll
just
be
a
minute.”She
called
back
through
the
open
windows.
My
eyes
impatiently
skimmed
the
edge
of
the
road
before
settling
on
a
little
sign
showing
that
it
was
a
nursing
home.I
looked
back
to
the
building，somewhat
annoyed，as
my
mom
reappeared—empty?handed.
Before
she
started
the
car，curiosity
drove
me
to
ask.“Do
you
know
someone
there？”She
shook
her
head.“Then
what
did
you
do
with
the
flowers？”She
smiled
slightly.“I
gave
them
to
the
receptionist.”“What？”She
laughed
at
my
confusion.“I
told
the
receptionist
to
give
the
flowers
to
whoever
needed
them，especially
who
hasn't
gotten
any
in
a
while.”
I
kept
silent
for
a
moment.Not
long
after
we
continued
our
driving，I
spoke
again.“Did
you
leave
your
name？”To
this
she
answered
instantly.“No.Leaving
flowers
there
for
someone
who
will
appreciate
them
makes
me
feel
good，which
is
enough
of
a
thank
for
me.”
Suddenly，still
thinking
about
mom's
deeds，I
heard
something
burst
loudly.It
was
our
car
that
broke
down!
Nothing
could
be
worse，because
neither
my
mom
nor
I
understood
how
to
repair
it，and
we
didn't
know
where
the
garage
was.It
also
seemed
impossible
to
wait
for
any
passer?by，since
we
had
seen
so
few
along
the
way.
Paragraph
1：
We
were
worrying
about
what
could
be
done.____________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
As
we
drove
along，a
flower
shop
came
into
sight
on
the
road._________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Paragraph
1：
We
were
worrying
about
what
could
be
done.But
after
waiting
in
vain
for
a
considerable
time，mom
and
I
decided
to
walk
back
the
road
to
the
nursing
home
and
seek
help.God
knows
how
far
we
had
driven!
When
we
arrived，the
receptionist
was
surprised，but
warmly
helped
us
contact
the
garage.There，the
old
men
who
had
received
the
flowers
were
excited
to
meet
us，talking
about
how
great
that
day
was.It
amazed
me
that
random
actions
of
kindness
could
mean
a
lot
to
the
people
who
received
it.While
we
were
laughing
and
talking
merrily，the
garage
got
our
car
repaired.
Paragraph
2：
As
we
drove
along，a
flower
shop
came
into
sight
on
the
road.I
paced
quickly
into
the
flower
shop，where
a
bunch
of
flowers
glowing
red
in
full
bloom
caught
my
eye.Having
witnessed
the
effect
of
kindness，I
decided
to
send
mom
the
sweet
flowers.Soon，the
heavenly
scent
filled
the
car
again.Mom
tried
to
conceal
her
excitement，but
the
glittering
tears
failed
her.Through
this
trip，I
discovered
that，despite
my
occasional
anger
towards
her，I
actually
felt
proud
of
her.This
was
the
trip
of
my
life.
3Ⅰ.匹配词义
( )1.grocery
A．n.着迷，迷恋
( )2.fashion
B．n.食品杂货店
( )3.fascination
C．n.时尚
[答案] 1－3 BCA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．pose
v.
(使)摆好姿势
2．uncomplicated
adj.
不复杂的，简单的，单纯的
3．celebrity
n.
名人，明星
Ⅰ.语境填空
posed，fashion，grocery，uncomplicated，celebrities，fascination
1．He
was
employed
at
the
local
grocery
store
as
a
delivery
boy.
2．This
kind
of
dress
is
now
in
fashion．
3．The
artist
posed
his
model
carefully.
4．Lots
of
celebrities
were
at
the
film
premiere.
5．Water
holds
a
fascination
for
most
children.
6．He
was
an
extraordinarily
uncomplicated
man.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．I
value
a
natural
style
and
love
that
which
is
uncomplicated(complicated).
2．The
fascination(fascinate)of
the
game
lies
in
trying
to
guess
what
your
opponent
is
thinking.
3．We
ate
at
a
fashionable(fashion)new
restaurant.
4．Grocery(grocer)stores
sell
many
foods
that
have
been
processed.
1．And
yet
every
member
of
New
York's
wealthy
high
society
wanted
nothing
more
than
to
pose
for
this
man.
然而，纽约富有的上流社会的每一位成员都只想给这个人摆造型。
2．Although
he
always
knew
where
fashionable
parties
and
events
were
happening，Cunningham
liked
to
photograph
ordinary
people
in
the
poor
Bronx
as
much
as
VIPs
in
rich
Manhattan.
尽管他总是知道哪里有时髦人物的聚会和活动，但坎宁安同等程度地喜欢为贫穷的布朗克斯区的普通人和富裕的曼哈顿的要人拍照。
3．Moreover，what
made
Cunningham
great
was
his
devotion
to
photography，and
the
hours
and
hours
of
sheer
hard
work
he
put
into
his
work.
此外，令坎宁安伟大的是他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的长时间的十足的辛劳。
4．This
lack
of
self?interest
and
promotion
kept
Cunningham
focused
on
his
craft，enabling
him
to
capture
New
York's
unique
street
style.
对私利及晋什的不屑让坎宁安专注于自己的拍摄技能，使他能够捕捉到纽约独特的街头流行式样。
5．...who
we
can
thank
for
recording
the
life
of
a
whole
city
and
its
people
over
half
a
century.
……我们应该感谢他记录了整整一个城市和市民们半个多世纪的生活。
名师圈点
①running
shoes跑鞋；运动鞋
②high
society
上流社会
③nothing
more
than
仅仅；只不过
④pose
for为……摆好姿势；为……摆造型
⑤the
last
50
years
过去50年
⑥technologically?advanced
equipment技术先进的设备
⑦take
pictures拍摄照片
⑧a
wide
range
of大范围的
⑨fashionable
parties时髦的聚会；时尚派对
⑩photograph
ordinary
people拍摄的普通人
?find
inspiration找到灵感
?at
the
local
grocery
store在当地超级市场
?the
graffiti?covered
subway满是涂鸦的地铁
?fascination
with
对……的着迷
?open
the
doors
of
fashion
to为……打开时尚的大门
?belong
to属于
?devotion
to对……的热爱；献身于
?sheer
hard
work
努力工作
?put
into投入
?regardless
of不管
take
a
day
off请一天假
stay
home
sick生病待在家里
reflect
within反映在……中
make
them
so
special使它们如此特别
a
world?famous
fashion
photographer世界著名的时尚摄影师
approach
to
life生活方式
uncomplicated
adj.不复杂的，简单的，单纯的
a
shared
washroom一个共用洗手间
value
one's
integrity珍视正直
faraway
destinations遥远目的地
a
celebrity
party
名人派对
rather
than而不是
have
fun玩得开心
lack
of
self?interest缺乏私利
focus
on专注于
craft
n．手艺
passion
for对……的热情
pass
away去世
stop
sb.from
doing...
阻止某人做某事
more
than不仅仅
a
cultural
anthropologist
一名文化人类学家
over
half
a
century
半个多世纪
原文呈现
Life
Behind
the
Lens
A
white?haired
old
man
riding
an
ordinary
bicycle
around
the
streets
of
New
York，always
wearing
the
same
blue
worker's
jacket
and
simple
black
running
shoes①.If
you
saw
him，you'd
never
think
there
was
anything
remarkable
about
him.(1)And
yet
every
member
of
New
York's
wealthy
high
society②
wanted
nothing
more
than③
to
pose
for④
this
man.
(1)句中if引导条件状语从句，there...about
him为宾语从句。
This
ordinary?looking
man
was
Bill
Cunningham，one
of
the
most
important
American
photographers
of
the
last
50
years⑤.
What
made
Cunningham
so
great？It
certainly
wasn't
the
use
of
expensive，technologically?advanced
equipment⑥.Cunningham
always
used
simple，relatively
cheap
cameras
and
took
all
his
pictures⑦
on
the
streets
of
New
York，not
in
a
studio.Nor
was
it
a
wide
range
of⑧
contacts
and
connections.(2)Although
he
always
knew
where
fashionable
parties⑨
and
events
were
happening，(3)Cunningham
liked
to
photograph
ordinary
people⑩
in
the
poor
Bronx
as
much
as
VIPs
in
rich
Manhattan.He
found
inspiration?
where
others
could
not，(4)in
simple，everyday
scenes，such
as
a
man
buying
oranges
at
the
local
grocery
store?，or
a
woman
riding
home
on
the
graffiti?covered
subway?.These
things
were
real，and
it
was
within
their
reality
that
Cunningham
saw
both
beauty
and
potential．(5)Through
his
fascination
with?
what
people
were
wearing，and
not
who
they
were，he
opened
the
doors
of
fashion
to?
everyone
—
fashion
as
he
saw
it
belonged
to?
the
people，not
just
to
high
society
and
big
brands．(6)
(2)否定词nor位于句首，句子倒装。
(3)although引导让步状语从句。
(4)where引导地点状语从句。
(5)it
was...
that...强调句型。
(6)句中第一个and连接两个宾语从句，as
he
saw
it为方式状语从句。
Moreover，what
made
Cunningham
great
was
his
devotion
to?
photography，and
the
hours
and
hours
of
sheer
hard
work?
he
put
into?
his
work.(7)Cunningham
would
go
out
onto
the
streets
of
New
York
each
and
every
day，regardless
of?
the
weather.He
would
even
stay
outside
in
a
storm，not
coming
back
until
he
knew
he
had
the
right
photos(8).He
hardly
ever
took
a
day
off
and
not
once
stayed
home
sick.This
devotion
and
hard
work
is
what
we
see
reflected
within
his
photos(9).This
is
what
makes
them
so
special(10).
(7)句中what...great为主语从句，he
put
into
his
work为定语从句，修饰先行词work。
(8)until引导时间状语从句。
(9)what引导表语从句。
(10)what引导表语从句。
Although
he
was
a
world?famous
fashion
photographer，(11)Cunningham's
approach
to
life
was
uncomplicated.He
lived
in
a
small
apartment
with
a
shared
washroom.A
simple
restaurant
was
where
he
usually
had
the
same
meal
of
sausages，eggs
and
coffee．(12)
(11)although引导让步状语从句。
(12)where引导表语从句。
Cunningham
never
accepted
the
benefits
offered
to
him
for
being
a
fashion
photographer.He
valued
his
integrity
and
would
not
be
bought
by
anyone，no
matter
how
many
free
clothes
or
flights
to
faraway
destinations
he
was
offered．(13)And
if
he
went
to
a
celebrity
party，(14)he
was
there
to
work
rather
than
have
fun.“Money's
the
cheapest
thing，”he
once
said，then
added：“...freedom
is
the
most
expensive.”This
lack
of
self?interest
and
promotion
kept
Cunningham
focused
on
his
craft，enabling
him
to
capture
New
York's
unique
street
style．(15)
(13)no
matter...引导让步状语从句。
(14)if引导条件状语从句。
(15)现在分词短语作结果状语。
Cunningham's
passion
for
photography
lasted
throughout
his
life.He
was
87
when
he
passed
away，(16)and
had
been
working
right
up
until
his
last
illness.Nothing
ever
stopped
him
from
getting
the
photo
he
wanted．(17)His
hard
work
made
him
more
than
a
fashion
photographer
—
he
was
a“cultural
anthropologist”，who
we
can
thank
for
recording
the
life
of
a
whole
city
and
its
people
over
half
a
century.(18)Bill
Cunningham
was
an
observer，and
not
one
of
the
observed，a
worker
not
a
star
—
and
this
was
how
he
wanted
it.
(16)when引导时间状语从句。
(17)省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词photo。
(18)who引导非限制性定语从句。
译文参考
镜头背后的生活
总是穿着与工人同样的蓝色夹克和简朴的黑色跑鞋，一位白发苍苍的老人骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约的街道上穿行。如果你见到他，你绝不会想到他有什么了不起的地方。然而，纽约富有的上流社会的每一位成员都只想给这个人摆造型。
这个相貌平平的人就是比尔·坎宁安，过去50年里美国最重要的摄影师之一。
是什么让坎宁安如此伟大？这当然不是昂贵的、技术先进的设备的使用。坎宁安总是使用结构简单、相对便宜的相机，他所有的照片都是在纽约街头拍摄的，而不是在摄影棚里。也不是通过广泛的接触和联系。尽管他总是知道哪里有时髦人物的聚会和活动，但坎宁安同等程度地喜欢为贫穷的布朗克斯区的普通人和富裕的曼哈顿的要人拍照。他从一些简单的日常场景中找到了别人无法找到的灵感，比如一个在当地超级市场买橘子的男人，或者一个乘坐满是涂鸦的地铁回家的女人。这些东西都是真实的，正是在现实中，坎宁安看到了美和潜力。通过他对人们穿着的着迷，而不是他们是谁，他为每个人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于大众，而不只是属于上流社会和大品牌。
此外，令坎宁安伟大的是他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的长时间的十足的辛劳。不管天气如何，坎宁安每天都会走到纽约的街头。他甚至会在外面待在暴风雨中，直到他知道他拍摄了理想的照片才回去。他几乎没有请过一天假，也没有一次因生病待在家里。这种奉献和勤奋是我们看到的，都反映在他的照片中。这就是它们的特别之处。
虽然坎宁安是世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式并不复杂。他住在一个共用洗手间的小公寓里。他通常在一家简朴的餐馆里吃同样的食物，有香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡。
作为时尚摄影师，坎宁安从未接受过别人给他的好处。他珍视自己的正直，不会被人收买，无论别人给他多少免费的衣服，或为他提供多少飞往遥远目的地的航班。如果他去参加名人派对，他是去工作而不是为了享乐。“钱是最便宜的东西，”他曾经说过，然后又补充道：“……自由是最昂贵的。”对私利及晋升的不屑让坎宁安专注于自己的拍摄技能，使他能够捕捉到纽约独特的街头流行式样。
坎宁安对摄影的热情贯穿了他的一生。他去世时87岁，直到得了最后一场病才停止工作。没有什么能阻止他得到他想拍摄的照片。他的辛勤工作使他不仅仅成为一名时尚摄影师——他还是一名“文化人类学家”，我们应该感谢他记录了整整一个城市和市民们半个多世纪的生活。比尔·坎宁安是一个观察者，而不是一个被观察者；是一个作者而不是一个明星——这正是他想要得到的。
2阅读P20－21教材课文，选择最佳答案。
1．Who
are
the
plainly?dressed
people
in
the
courtyard
of
Xi
San
Suo?
A．Ordinary
visitors.
B．Craft
masters.
C．Police
officers.
D．Famous
professors.
2．What
are
Wang
Jin
and
his
students
doing
in
the
Forbidden
City?
A．Restoring
ancient
clocks.
B．Making
a
documentary.
C．Admiring
their
photos.
D．Pleasing
the
visitors.
3．How
long
did
the
timepiece
finally
come
back
to
life?
A．A
year.
B．Eight
months.
C．Half
a
year.
D．Four
months.
4．How
does
Mr
Wang
feel
about
the
future
of
these
timepieces?
A．Optimistic.
B．Negative.
C．Unhappy.
D．Sad.
[答案] 1－4 BABA
Words
And
Phrases
maximum
n．最大量，最大值
(教材P21)Given
the
complexity
of
the
work
and
the
lack
of
necessary
materials，this
means
that
each
expert
can
work
on
a
maximum
of
two
large
pieces
a
year.
考虑到工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料，这意味着每个专家每年最多可以完成两件大型作品。
[例1] Temperatures
usually
reach
their
maximum
after
noon.
气温通常在正午后达到最高点。
[例2] The
maximum
score
on
this
test
is
100.
这次考试的满分为100分。
[造句] 考试中，每题你最多花30
分钟。
In
the
exam，you
have
a
maximum
of
30
minutes
for
each
question.
[知识拓展]
a
maximum
of
最多
above
(the)maximum
高于最大值
at
(the)maximum
最多
below
(the)maximum
低于最大值
to
(the)maximum
到极限
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①You
can
claim
the
allowance
for
a
maximum
of
six
months.
②He
is
using
his
talents
to
the
maximum.
③This
is
a
journey
of
four
hours
at
the
maximum.
preserve
v．维护，保护；保存
(教材P21)This
new
generation
of
artisans
will
not
only
help
preserve
traditional
skills；the
innovation
they
bring
to
the
craft
will
also
ensure
that
the
art
of
clock
repairing
stands
the
rest
of
time.
新一代的工匠们不仅将帮助保存传统技艺，他们带来的创新也将确保钟表修理的艺术经久不衰。
[例1] We
must
preserve
our
natural
resources.
我们必须保护自然资源。
[例2] It
is
the
duty
of
the
police
to
preserve
the
public
order.
维护公共秩序是警察的职责。
[造句] 成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不至于灭绝。
The
society
was
set
up
to
preserve
the
endangered
species
from
dying
out.
[知识拓展]
(1)preserve...from...
保护……免受……
(2)preservation
n.
[U]保存；保护
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①What
can
we
do
to
preserve
the
company
from
ruin?
②Protective
measures
are
necessary
if
the
city's
monuments
are
to
be
preserved(preserve).
③The
police
are
responsible
for
the
preservation(preserve)of
law
and
order.
[小片段填空]
This
article
addresses
fundamental
questions
concerning
the
①preservation
of
official
publications:
what
should
②be
preserved?
associate
v．与……有关
(教材P23)Yet
they
did
not
seek
fame，and
even
today，their
great
works
are
associated
more
with
the
imperial
court
than
with
them.
然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品更多地与朝廷联系在一起，而不是与他们联系在一起。
[例1] I
don't
like
you
associating
with
such
people.
我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。
[例2]
In
children's
minds，summers
are
associated
with
picnics.
在孩子们看来，夏天总是和野餐联系在一起。
[造句] 人们常把中国与长城联系在一起。
People
often
associate
China
with
the
Great
Wall.
[知识拓展]
(1)be
associated
with
与……有联系，与……联系在一起
associate...with...
把……和……联系在一起
associate
with
与……交往
associate
oneself
with
参加到……中去，成为……的伙伴
(2)association
n.
联合；关联；联想；协会
in
association
with
与……联合，联手
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①I
don't
associate
him
with
energetic
sports.
②To
some
people，happiness
is
associated(associate)with
money.
③We
are
working
in
association(associate)with
a
local
company
to
raise
money
for
the
homeless.
④The
police
are
questioning
two
men
who
have
association
with
the
robbers.
→The
police
are
questioning
two
men
associated
with
the
robbers．
[小片段填空]
I
have
no
①association
with
the
guys
whom
you're
②associated
with．
comprise
v．包括，由……构成
(教材P23)The
main
body
comprises
paragraphs
with
supporting
evidence
and
facts.
正文部分包括有支持证据和事实的段落。
[例1] The
group
is
comprised
of
two
guitarists，a
drummer，and
a
singer.
该乐团由两名吉他手、一名鼓手和一名主唱组成。
[例2] Groups
are
comprised
of
two
or
more
people.
小组由两人或两人以上组成。
[造句] 12个系组成了这所大学。
Twelve
departments
comprise
this
university.
[知识拓展]
be
comprised
of
包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
consist
of
由……组成
be
made
up
of
由……组成，构成
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①A
week
consists
of
seven
days.
②The
rescue
team
is
comprised
of
eight
soldiers
and
two
doctors.
＝The
rescue
team
consists
of
eight
soldiers
and
two
doctors.
＝The
rescue
team
is
made
up
of
eight
soldiers
and
two
doctors.
救援队由8名士兵和2名医生组成。
[名师点津]
consist
of没有被动语态，相当于be
made
up
of或be
comprised
of，且不用于进行时。
Sentence
Patterns
with复合结构
(教材P21)With
objects
ranging
from
small
pocket
watches
to
clocks
over
one
metre
in
height，each
of
these
requires
its
own
unique
method
of
restoration.
从小怀表到一米多高的钟表，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。
句式分析：句中With
objects
ranging
from
small
pocket
watches
to
clocks
over
one
metre
in
height为介词with的复合结构，在句中作状语。
[例1] He
was
asleep
with
his
head
on
his
arms.
他头枕着胳膊睡着了。
[例2] He
placed
a
fixed
sun
at
the
centre
of
the
solar
system
with
the
planets
going
round
it
and
only
the
moon
still
going
round
the
earth.
他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。
[造句] 他闭目坐在那儿。
He
sat
there
with
his
eyes
closed.
[知识拓展]
with复合结构由“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”组成，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等，也可作定语。其构成有下列几种情形：
with＋名词(或代词)＋
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①With
so
many
people
to
help(help)us，we
are
sure
to
finish
it
in
time.
②I
won't
be
able
to
go
on
holiday
with
my
mother
being(be)ill.
③All
the
afternoon
he
worked
with
the
door
locked(lock).
given
(that)...考虑到……
(教材P21)Given
the
complexity
of
the
work
and
the
lack
of
necessary
materials，this
means
that
each
expert
can
work
on
a
maximum
of
two
large
pieces
a
year.
考虑到工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料，这意味着每个专家每年最多可以完成两件大型作品。
句式分析：句中Given
the
complexity
of
the
work
and
the
lack
of
necessary
materials
为given
(that)...句式，意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句。
[例1] Usually，I
am
sensible
with
money，as
I
have
to
be，given
(that)I
don't
earn
that
much.
考虑到自己挣得不多，我用钱通常比较精打细算，这也是迫不得已。
[例2] Given
(that)he
gracefully
apologized，the
woman
accepted
his
apology.
在他有礼貌地道歉后，这位女士接受了他的道歉。
[造句] 在缺乏经验的情况下，他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。
Given
(that)they're
inexperienced，they've
done
a
good
job.
[知识拓展]
(1)用作give
的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等义，此时要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。
(2)可用作介词，后接名词或代词，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。
(3)用作形容词，意为“特定的”“一定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。
(4)given后也可接that从句，表示“考虑到”。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①The
work
must
be
done
within
the
given(give)time.
②If
the
trees
had
been
given
more
attention，they
could
grow
better
now.
→Given
more
attention，the
trees
could
grow
better
now.
要是对这些树多加注意，它们现在会长得更好。
③If
they
are
given
time，they'll
probably
agree.
→Given
time，they'll
probably
agree.
给以时间的话，他们可能会同意。
④Given
her
interest
in
children，I'm
sure
teaching
is
the
right
career
for
her.
→Given
that
she
is
interested
in
children，I'm
sure
teaching
is
the
right
career
for
her.
鉴于她对小孩的兴趣，我敢肯定教书是她最适合的职业。
间接信息题
间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理(“断章取义”)后得出结论。
【例文】
The
main
reason
for
this
is
the
drivers，who
are
called“cabbies”．Many
of
them
are
true
Cockneys.This
means
they
were
born
in
the
heart
of
London
and
speak
their
own
special
dialect(方言)of
English.All
of
them
know
every
street
and
famous
building
in
the
city，and
all
of
them
love
to
talk.A
simple
twenty?minute
journey
across
town
can
become
very
interesting.You
may
have
a
discussion
about
the
government
and
its
leaders
or
a
friendly
talk
about
the
driver's
Aunty
Nellie！One
thing
is
for
sure，it
will
never
be
boring.Cabbies
know
all
the
latest
news
about
film
stars，the
Royal
Family，government
leaders，and
popular
singers
or
actors
and
actresses.
From
what
can
we
tell
that
someone
is
a
Cockney?
A．Their
interest.
B．Their
manners.
C．Their
speech.
D．Their
appearance.
★试题特点
间接理解题答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。考生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别，也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。
★解题思路
Step
1：确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词)
Step
2：根据关键词定位信息句(文中画线)
Step
3：尝试解答——根据信息句可知，真正的Cockneys出生在伦敦，说伦敦特殊的方言，对伦敦地理熟悉且喜欢交谈。所以通过一个人的说话就能判断是不是Cockney。故选C。
[针对性练习]
Other
cultures
can
be
different
from
ours
in
many
aspects!
They
can
eat
different
foods
and
live
in
different
types
of
houses.People
probably
speak
different
languages
and
have
beliefs
and
customs
very
different
from
yours.However，they
can
also
be
similar
in
ways
of
connecting
with
each
other.We
sometimes
call
these
means
of
communication
universal
languages.
Some
legends
hold
that，thousands
of
years
ago，there
was
a
single
language
spoken
by
everyone
on
Earth.It
is
fun
to
think
about
a
time
when
everyone
may
have
been
able
to
communicate
in
the
same
language
though
historical
evidence
does
not
support
this，of
course.
Today，there
are
thousands
of
languages
spoken
around
the
world.Yet，there
are
some
means
of
communication
that
go
beyond
words
and
allow
people
of
wildly
different
backgrounds
to
communicate
and
share
emotions
and
feelings.For
example，some
people
believe
music
is
a
universal
language.There
may
be
some
scientific
support
for
this
idea，too.Experts
have
learned
that，across
cultures，people
can
recognize
three
common
emotions
in
music;
happiness，sadness
and
fear.
So
what
other
types
of
universal
languages
might
there
be?
Some
people
believe
dance
is
a
universal
language.Along
with
music，dancing
seems
to
be
a
common
interest
shared
by
peoples
all
over
the
world.Do
you
think
you
could
see
a
dance
from
another
culture
and
make
some
reasonable
guesses
about
the
ideas
and
emotions
behind
it?
We
bet
you
could!
Another
universal
language
that
you
might
not
have
thought
of
is
math!
If
you
think
about
it
now，though，it
just
makes
sense.The
value
of
π
is
roughly
3.14159
no
matter
where
you
are
on
Earth，likewise，figuring
out
the
value
of
something
involves
the
same
mathematical
calculations，regardless
of
whether
you're
counting
in
dollars，pesos
or
coconuts.
1．Why
is
music
regarded
as
a
universal
language?
A．It
can
be
enjoyed
by
people
from
all
walks
of
life.
B．It
can
be
understood
more
easily
than
languages.
C．It
usually
comes
from
different
backgrounds.
D．It
helps
people
to
share
common
feelings.
D [根据第三段中的“Experts
have
learned
that，across
cultures，people
can
recognize
three
common
emotions
in
music;
happiness，sadness
and
fear.(专家们了解到，在不同的文化中，人们可以识别音乐中的三种常见情感：快乐，悲伤和恐惧)”可知，音乐被认为是一种通用的语言，因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。故D选项正确。]
2．What
are
the
universal
languages
according
to
the
passage?
A．Math，English
and
music.
B．Music，dance
and
math.
C．History，culture
and
music.
D．Emotion，song
and
music.
B [根据第三段中的“For
example，some
people
believe
music
is
a
universal
language.”及第四段中的“Some
people
believe
dance
is
a
universal
language.”和第五段中的“Another
universal
language
that
you
might
not
have
thought
of
is
math！”可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。故B选项正确。]
1Ⅰ.匹配词义
A.单词匹配
( )1.hydrogen
A．n.古董，古玩，古物
( )2.antique
B．n.(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修
( )3.restoration
C．n.氢
( )4.maximum
D．n.建筑风格，建筑设计
( )5.essay
E．adj.
宏大的，艰巨的
( )6.architecture
F．n.
最大量，最大值
( )7.ambitious
G．n.短文，论说文
( )8.trial
H．n.试验
[答案] 1－5 CABFG 6－8 DEH
B.短语匹配
( )1.back
down
A.(某事物发展的)尖端，最前沿
( )2.the
cutting
edge
(of
sth.)
B．退让；认输
( )3.by
trial
and
error
C．喷气推进
( )4.think
outside
the
box
D．不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考
( )5.jet
propulsion
E.反复试验(以得出最佳结果)
[答案] 1－5 BAEDC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．precious
adj.
珍稀的；贵重的；宝贵的
2．polish
v.
擦亮，擦光
3．bark
v.
(狗)吠叫
4．preserve
v.
维护，保护；保存
5．dominate
v.
支配，控制，主宰
6．associate
v.
与……有关
7．analysis
n.
分析
8．comprise
v.
包括，由……构成
Ⅰ.语境填空
maximum，antiques，barking，precious，polished，preserve，dominates，essays，comprises，ambitious
1．The
palace
is
full
of
priceless
antiques．
2．What's
the
maximum
amount
of
wine
you're
allowed
to
take
through
customs
duty?free?
3．He
has
sent
me
most
precious
gifts.
4．Each
morning
he
shaved
and
polished
his
shoes.
5．The
dog
was
barking
loudly
at
a
cat.
6．The
company
dominates
the
market
for
operating
system
software.
7．It
is
the
duty
of
the
police
to
preserve
public
order.
8．The
fishing
fleet
comprises
around
70
boats.
9．This
is
an
ambitious
movie，full
of
striking
images.
10．In
2001
she
published
a
collection
of
essays．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．They
demanded
the
restoration(restore)of
all
their
lost
lands.
2．I'm
interested
in
classical
architecture(architect).
3．The
central
issue
in
the
strike
was
the
preservation(preserve)of
jobs.
4．Our
long
association(associate)with
your
company
has
brought
great
benefits.
5．The
company
has
struggled
to
maintain
its
domination(dominate)in
the
marketplace.
6．He
is
an
ambitious(ambition)young
man
full
of
enthusiasm
and
vitality.
1．In
the
quiet
courtyards
of
Xi
San
Suo，behind
the
high
walls
of
the
Forbidden
City，time
ticks
at
its
own
pace.
在紫禁城高墙后的西三所静静的庭院里，时间以自己的节奏流逝。
2．Day
in，day
out，Mr
Wang
and
his
students
spend
their
time
restoring
clocks
dating
back
hundreds
of
years.
日复一日，王先生和他的学生们把时间花在修复几百年前的时钟上。
3．With
objects
ranging
from
small
pocket
watches
to
clocks
over
one
metre
in
height，each
of
these
requires
its
own
unique
method
of
restoration.
从小怀表到一米多高的钟，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。
4．Given
the
complexity
of
the
work
and
the
lack
of
necessary
materials，this
means
that
each
expert
can
work
on
a
maximum
of
two
large
pieces
a
year.
考虑到工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料，这意味着每个专家每年最多可以完成两件大型作品。
5．It
is
suddenly
clear
that
when
the
clock
masters
say
that“these
antiques
have
lives”，it
is
neither
an
exaggeration
nor
a
metaphor.
当钟表大师们说“这些古董有生命”时，人们突然明白了，这既不是夸大其词，也不是暗喻。
11．grocer
n．食品杂货商→grocery
n．食品杂货店
2．fashion
n．时尚
→fashionable
adj.流行的；符合时尚的；时髦的
3．complicated
adj.结构复杂的→uncomplicated
adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的
pose
v．造成(威胁、问题等)；摆好姿势；冒充；招摇
①I
saw
him
out
posing
in
his
new
sports
car.招摇
②The
delegates
posed
for
a
group
photograph.摆好姿势
③The
thief
entered
the
building
posing
as
a
workman.冒充
④The
task
poses
no
special
problems.造成(威胁、问题等)
Words
And
Phrases
pose
v．(使)摆好姿势
(教材P14)And
yet
every
member
of
New
York's
wealthy
high
society
wanted
nothing
more
than
to
pose
for
this
man.
然而，纽约富有的上流社会的每一位成员都只想给这个人摆造型。
[例1] The
model
was
posing
carefully.
这位模特儿在认真地摆着姿势。
[例2] The
thief
posed
as
a
chimney
sweeper
to
enter
the
house.
小偷装成烟囱清扫工人进了房子。
[造句] 你已经提出了一个难题。
You
have
posed
a
difficult
question.
[知识拓展]
pose
for
为……摆好姿势
pose
as
冒充；摆出……的样子
pose
a
question
提问题
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
burglar
posed
as
a
gas
man.
②How
did
you
get
him
to
pose
for
this
picture?
fashion
n．时尚
(教材P15)Through
his
fascination
with
what
people
were
wearing，and
not
who
they
were，he
opened
the
doors
of
fashion
to
everyone
—
fashion
as
he
saw
it
belonged
to
the
people，not
just
to
high
society
and
big
brands.
通过他对人们穿着的着迷，而不是他们是谁，他为每个人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于大众，而不只是属于上流社会和大品牌。
[例1] Why
are
they
behaving
in
such
a
ridiculous
fashion?
他们为什么如此不可思议地行事？
[例2] She
spoke
in
French
after
the
fashion
of
the
court.
她用法语模仿法庭语言。
[造句] 这店里的衣服都不流行了。
All
the
clothing
at
the
store
is
out
of
fashion.
[知识拓展]
in
fashion
在流行
out
of
fashion
不再流行
after/in
the
fashion
of
模仿；像……一样；按照……的方式
come
into
fashion
流行起来，开始风行
It
is
(not)the
fashion
to
do...
……(不)时兴
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She
took
servants
for
granted
after/in
the
fashion
of
wealthy
girls.
②Blue
is
out
of
fashion.Yellow
is
coming
into
fashion.
③Long
skirts
have
come
into
fashion
again.Faded
jeans
are
still
in
fashion
too.
[小片段填空]
Is
it
①the
fashion
to
wear
short
skirts?
Yes，short
skirts
are
②in
fashion.
uncomplicated
adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的
(教材P15)Although
he
was
a
world?famous
fashion
photographer，Cunningham's
approach
to
life
was
uncomplicated.
虽然坎宁安是世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式并不复杂。
[例1] This
uncomplicated
method
is
really
functional.
该方法简单易行，具有较好的实用性。
[例2] You
are
good
at
solving
problems
in
a
practical，uncomplicated
manner.
你擅长以实际而不复杂的方式解决问题。
[造句] 尝试着保持生活简单不复杂。
Try
keeping
your
life
simple
and
uncomplicated.
[知识拓展]
(1)an
uncomplicated
man
单纯的人
(2)complicated
adj.
复杂的，结构复杂的
a
complicated
task
复杂的任务
[即学即练] 完成句子
①We
should
become
uncomplicated
people．
我们应该成为单纯的人。
②It
was
a
very
complicated
task
for
such
character.
对这样一个角色而言它是非常复杂的任务。
[小片段填空]
When
tests
are
written
often，developers
tend
to
write
①uncomplicated
code
because
②complicated
code
is
hard
to
test.
Sentence
Patterns
否定词nor位于句首引起部分倒装
(教材P14)Nor
was
it
a
wide
range
of
contacts
and
connections.
也不是通过广泛的接触和联系。
句式分析：句中否定词nor位于句首引起部分倒装。形式为：“nor
＋
be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋动词＋其他”。表示前面的否定情况也适用于另一人或物，可用neither替换nor。
[例1] She
couldn't
work
out
the
problem
and
nor/neither
could
I.
她解决不了这个问题，我也不能。
[例2] He
never
went
again；nor
did
he
write
to
apologize.
他再也没去，也没有写信道歉。
[造句] 我不知道他的秘密，我也不想知道。
I
don't
know
about
his
secrets
and
nor
do
I
want
to.
[知识拓展]
(1)若表示前句中的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物，要用“so
＋be动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”，表示“……也是这样，也是如此”。
(2)当前句中既有肯定的情况也有否定的情况，两种不同的情况也适用于另一人或物时，或者当前句中有两种不同的谓语动词，两种谓语动词也适用于另一人或物时，则用以下句式：It
is
the
same
with
sb./sth.或So
it
is
with
sb./sth.。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He
likes
swimming
and
so
do
I.
②Tom
isn't
good
at
maths；neither/nor
am
I.
③Tom
is
very
clever
and
studies
very
hard.It
is
the
same
with
Mary/So
it
is
with
Mary．
汤姆聪明且努力学习，玛丽也一样。
[名师点津]
如果后一句只是单纯地重复前一句的意思，此时主谓不倒装，句型为“so＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词”。
—She
speaks
French
very
well.她法语说得很好。
—So
she
does.她说得确实很好。
强调句型
(教材P15)These
things
were
real，and
it
was
within
their
reality
that
Cunningham
saw
both
beauty
and
potential.
这些东西都是真实的，正是在现实中，坎宁安看到了美和潜力。
句式分析：句中it
was
within
their
reality
that为强调句型，结构为：it's＋被强调部分＋that
＋其他成分。
[例1] It
was
John
who/that
bought
an
old
bike
yesterday
in
a
marketplace.
是约翰昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。
[例2] It
was
not
until
I
got
off
the
bus
that
I
realized
it.
直到下车之后我才意识到这事。
[造句] 我把雨伞落在了教室里。
It
was
in
the
classroom
that
I
left
my
umbrella.
[知识拓展]
强调句型的基本结构为：it
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分
(1)此结构中it
没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调部分。
(2)此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。
(3)被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that，而被强调是其他时(事物、时间、地点等)只能用that。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Why
is
it
that
you
put
off
the
meeting?
②It
was
me
that/who
he
helped
yesterday.
③It
was
Susan
and
John
who
were(be)absent
from
school
yesterday.
until引导时间状语从句
(教材P15)He
would
even
stay
outside
in
a
storm，not
coming
back
until
he
knew
he
had
the
right
photos.
他甚至会在外面待在暴风雨中，直到他知道他拍摄了理想的照片才回去。
句式分析：句中until引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……时”。
[例1] I'll
work
until
he
tells
me
to
stop.
我会一直工作到他叫我停下来为止。
[例2] Until
the
last
minute
of
the
match，the
players
kept
on
playing.
直到比赛的最后一分钟，运动员们仍在奋战。
[造句] 他们将一直等到她回来。
They
will
wait
there
till
she
returns.
[知识拓展]
(1)till和until可以通用，表示主句谓语动词所表达的动作继续到从句谓语动词所表达的动作发生时为止，在肯定句中，主句要用延续性动词。
(2)在否定句中，until
或till可以和非延续性动词连用。until引导的从句可以放在句首，till引导的从句一般放在句末。
(3)not
until放在句首时，主句的主谓要倒置，表示加强语气。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①She
didn't
go
to
bed
until
she
had
made
sure
that
everything
was
in
order.
直到她确信一切都井然有序后才去睡觉。
②The
parents
waited
for
the
boys
until
it
got
dark．
父母们等那些孩子一直等到天黑。
③Not
until
he
finished
his
work
did
he
go
to
bed．
直到干完工作他才去睡觉。
1．Through
his
fascination
with
what
people
were
wearing，and
not
who
they
were，he
opened
the
doors
of
fashion
to
everyone
—
fashion
as
he
saw
it
belonged
to
the
people，not
just
to
high
society
and
big
brands.
分析：句中what
people
were
wearing，and
not
who
they
were
为and连接两个宾语从句，第一个宾语从句由what引导，第二个宾语从句由who引导，as
he
saw
it为as引导的方式状语从句。
译文：通过他对人们穿着的着迷，而不是他们是谁，他为每个人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于大众，而不只是属于上流社会和大品牌。
2．Moreover，what
made
Cunningham
great
was
his
devotion
to
photography，and
the
hours
and
hours
of
sheer
hard
work
he
put
into
his
work.
分析：句中what
made
Cunningham
great为what引导的主语从句，he
put
into
his
work为省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词hard
work。
译文：此外，令坎宁安伟大的是他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的长时间的十足的辛劳。
教材
高考
1.And
yet
every
member
of
New
York's
wealthy
high
society
wanted
nothing
more
than
to
pose
for
this
man.
(2019·天津卷)And
the
story
poses
an
interesting
question:
why
do
some
people
discover
new
vitality
and
creativity
to
the
end
of
their
days，while
others
go
to
seed
long
before？
2.He
found
inspiration
where
others
could
not，in
simple，everyday
scenes，such
as
a
man
buying
oranges
at
the
local
grocery
store，or
a
woman
riding
home
on
the
graffiti?covered
subway.
(2019·天津卷)I
was
ready
to
pay
for
my
bananas
at
the
grocery
one
night，when
fear
seized
me.
3.Through
his
fascination
with
what
people
were
wearing，and
not
who
they
were，he
opened
the
doors
of
fashion
to
everyone
—fashion
as
he
saw
it
belonged
to
the
people，not
just
to
high
society
and
big
brands.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Chinese
models
are
the
faces
of
beauty
and
fashion
campaigns
that
sell
dreams
to
women
all
over
the
world，which
means
Chinese
women
are
not
just
consumers
of
fashion—they
are
central
to
its
movement.
4.These
things
were
real，and
it
was
within
their
reality
that
Cunningham
saw
both
beauty
and
potential.
(2019·江苏卷)It's
the
Chinese
culture
that
the
British
friends
are
coming
for.
5.He
would
even
stay
outside
in
a
storm，not
coming
back
until
he
knew
he
had
the
right
photos.
(2020·浙江1月卷)Oh，I
didn't
notice
it
until
about
half
an
hour
ago，but
I
was
in
the
bank
at
about
9：30
this
morning.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．These
were
a
bunch
of
evil
men
posing(pose)as
good
guys.
2．There
used
to
be
a
grocery
store
on
the
corner.
3．New
things
come
into
fashion
all
the
time.
4．You
value
a
natural
style
and
love
someone
who
is
uncomplicated(complicated).
5．Valentino
is
keen
to
see
celebrities(celebrity)parading
his
clothes
at
big
occasions.
Ⅱ.短语填空
grocery
store；on
trial；in
fashion；pose
for；
nothing
more
than
1．Before
going
into
their
meeting
the
six
foreign
ministers
posed
for
photographs.
2．They
checked
out
all
the
goods
in
the
grocery
store．
3．Locking
up
men
does
nothing
more
than
keep
them
off
the
streets.
4．This
style
of
dress
used
to
be
in
fashion．
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Ordinary?looking
Bill
Cunningham
is
one
of
the
most
important
American
1.photographers(photographer)of
the
last
50
years.He
thought
that
fashion
belonged
2.to
the
people，not
just
to
high
society
and
big
brands.His
3.devotion(devote)to
photography
also
made
him
great.He
hardly
ever
took
a
day
off
and
not
once
stayed
home
sick.4.His(he)devotion
and
hard
work
makes
his
pictures
so
special.His
life
was
so
5.uncomplicated(complicated)that
he
lived
in
a
small
apartment
with
a
shared
washroom.Cunningham
never
accepted
the
benefits
offered
to
him
for
6.being(be)a
fashion
photographer.He
valued
his
integrity
and
would
not
7.be
bought(buy)by
anyone.Cunningham's
passion
for
photography
lasted
throughout
his
life.He
was
87
when
he
passed
away，and
had
been
working
right
up
8.until/till
his
last
illness.His
hard
work
made
him
9.a
fashion
photographer
as
well
as
a“cultural
anthropologist”．Bill
Cunningham
was
an
observer，and
not
one
of
the
10.observed(observe)，a
worker
not
a
star.
8课时分层作业(四)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We
are
becoming
one
of
the
market
leaders
in
the
fashion(时尚)industry.
2．All
the
students
began
to
pose(摆好姿势)for
a
group
photograph.
3．The
old
view
of
Galileo
was
delightfully
uncomplicated(不复杂的).
4．Grocery(食品杂货店)
stores
have
to
offer
enough
specials
to
bring
people
into
the
store.
5．In
1944，at
the
age
of
30，Hersey
suddenly
became
a
celebrity(明星).
6．The
girls
listened
in
fascination(入迷)as
the
story
unfolded.
7．Hydrogen(氢)combines
chemically
with
oxygen
to
form
water.
8．Water
is
becoming
an
increasingly
precious(珍稀的)resource.
9．She
studied
architecture(建筑设计)and
art
history
at
the
university.
10．His
visit
is
expected
to
lead
to
the
restoration(修复)of
diplomatic
relations.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
It's
AOL
Jobs
Week.We'll
have
many
job
listings，so
settle
in
and
get
your
resume
ready.And
be
sure
to
check
out
the
rest
of
our
Jobs
Week
content：from
resume
writing
and
networking
to
day
jobs
and
time
management
to
getting
a
new
restaurant
off
the
ground.Lastly，don't
forget
to
enter
our
sweepstakes(抽奖)for
a
chance
to
win
a
personal
session
with
one
of
our
career
experts!
·Customer
Service
Workers
Median
salary：US$31，547
Top
cities
for
hiring：Houston，Texas；Chicago，Illinois；Atlanta，Georgia
We've
all
dealt
with
customer
service
representatives，those
disembodied
voices(不见其人的说话声)helping
you
over
the
phone
with
various
company
or
purchase?related
matters.Love
them
or
hate
them，the
customer
service
field
is
currently
blowing
up
in
the
United
States—big
time.
·Warehouse
Workers
Median
salary：US$29，357
Top
cities
for
hiring：Houston，Texas；Chicago，Illinois；Columbus，Ohio
Without
warehouse
workers，everything
we've
ever
purchased
would
still
be
sitting
in
a
building
somewhere.The
rise
of
online
shopping
sites
like
Amazon
have
made
warehouses
a
hot
spot
for
hiring.
·Accountants
Median
salary：US$63，550
Top
cities
for
hiring：Chicago，Illinois；Houston，Texas；New
York
Death
and
taxes
may
be
two
reasons
for
the
popularity
of
accounting
jobs，which
are
frequently
in
high
demand.You'll
need
to
become
a
CPA(Certified
Public
Accountant注册会计师)to
get
started.While
some
jobs
are
at
the
mercy
of
the
economy，the
economy
itself
isn't
going
away.Neither
are
accountants.
·Human
Resources
Managers
Median
salary：US$99，720
Top
cities
for
hiring：Chicago，Illinois；Houston，Texas；New
York
Speaking
of
job
security，workers
in
a
company's
human
resources
department
are
always
needed
to
find
and
assess
new
hires，along
with
countless
other
tasks
essential
to
keeping
a
company
well?peopled.CareerCast
named
it
one
of
the
ten
best
jobs，because
it
has
high
income
and
low
stress.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四种比较热门的工作、它们的平均薪资以及最热门的招聘城市。
1．If
you
are
lucky，you
can
have
access
to________through
the
Jobs
Week
sweepstakes.
A．a
good
job
B．a
career
expert
C．a
well?written
resume
D．some
money
B [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Lastly，don't
forget
to
enter
our
sweepstakes(抽奖)for
a
chance
to
win
a
personal
session
with
one
of
our
career
experts！”可知，如果幸运的话，就有机会通过抽奖获得与职业专家单独交流的机会。故选B项。]
2．If
an
employee
wants
to
work
in
Columbus，he
can
choose
to
work
as
a(n)________．
A．customer
service
worker
B．warehouse
worker
C．accountant
D．human
resources
manager
B [细节理解题。根据各招聘信息下的Top
cities
for
hiring部分的信息可知，只有Warehouse
Workers处提到了Columbus，由此可知，如果一名雇员想在哥伦布市工作的话，他可以去当一名仓库工人。故选B项。]
3．The
job
of
a
human
resources
manager
is
considered
to
be________．
A．demanding
B．secure
C．stressful
D．well?paid
D [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...workers
in
a
company's
human
resources
department
are
always
needed...CareerCast
named
it
one
of
the
ten
best
jobs，because
it
has
high
income
and
low
stress.”可知，人力资源经理的工资是丰厚的。故选D项。]
B
Walking
home
from
work
with
a
family
friend，I
found
myself
in
a
discussion
about
her
daughter's
going
to
college.
It
started
with
the
mother
telling
me
that
she
had
no
money
to
help
her
daughter
go
through
college，which
led
the
mother
to
push
the
community
college
fiercely.She
then
started
to
say
how
she
had
been
pushing“high?paying”fields
on
her
daughter－doctor，engineer，lawyer，etc.When
I
asked
her
if
that
was
what
her
daughter
had
interest
in，she
said
no.I
asked
her
what
the
point
was
to
push
her
daughter
into
something
that
she
didn't
like，and
she
responded
with，“I
just
want
her
to
make
a
good
fortune.”
After
hearing
her
words，I
would
like
to
state
that
money
is
not
everything.A
high?paying
job
means
nothing
if
you
are
miserable.I
used
to
do
a
high?paying
job，but
it
was
very
tiring
and
I
had
no
time
of
my
own.I
didn't
like
it
at
all.Though
the
pay
was
good，I
was
not
happy.
So
I'd
like
to
tell
parents，please
do
not
force
your
children
into
a
major
or
a
career
just
because
you
think
they
are
going
to
make
a
lot
of
money.They
would
feel
terrible
for
taking
that
major
or
job
just
to
comfort
you.The
worst
part
is
the
feeling
of
guilty
when
they
decide
to
change
that
major
to
something
they
actually
want
or
when
they
quit
that
job.
Being
a
member
of
a
generation
who
are
willing
to
give
absolutely
everything
to
our
kids，we
know
we
just
hope
our
children
could
live
happy
lives.Please
do
not
force
a
career
path
on
our
children
just
because
we
think
it
is
good
for
them.Give
our
children
advice，but
don't
force
them.
【语篇解读】 本文是对父母的忠告：不要为了让孩子将来多赚钱而逼迫他们学习自己不喜欢的专业或从事他们不喜欢的工作。
4．What
do
we
know
about
that
mother?
A．She
thought
highly
of
the
community
college.
B．She
got
along
very
well
with
her
daughter.
C．She
couldn't
afford
her
daughter's
college
fees.
D．She
wanted
to
be
a
doctor
when
she
was
young.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，那位妈妈没有足够的钱来供女儿上大学。故选C。]
5．The
mother
chose
the
fields
for
her
daughter
mainly
because________．
A．her
daughter
really
liked
those
fields
B．she
thought
those
fields
were
interesting
C．those
fields
wouldn't
cost
much
at
college
D．she
considered
them
to
be
high?paying
fields
D [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，这位妈妈之所以让她的女儿学那些专业，是因为那些专业的学生将来挣钱多。]
6．Why
did
the
writer
mention
her
story
in
Paragraph
3?
A．To
prove
that
high?paying
jobs
mean
nothing.
B．To
show
that
not
all
high?paying
jobs
are
satisfying.
C．To
prove
that
high?paying
jobs
make
people
miserable.
D．To
show
that
low?paying
jobs
are
better
than
high?paying
jobs.
B [推理判断题。根据上下文可知，作者通过那位妈妈的故事来引出话题，再用自己的故事表明并不是所有的高薪工作都是令人满意的。故选B。]
7．From
the
text，we
can
infer
that
the
writer
would
most
probably
advise
parents
to________．
A．choose
the
best
major
or
career
for
their
children
B．avoid
giving
their
children
advice
on
their
major
or
career
C．let
their
children
make
the
final
decision
on
their
major
or
career
D．give
everything
to
their
kids
to
make
sure
they'll
have
a
good
future
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段内容，尤其是最后两句可推知选C。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
What
is
a
big
dream？__1__Or，is
a
big
dream
something
that
provides
only
entertainment?
Children
dream
big
dreams，but
there
are
three
barriers
to
realizing
dreams.They
often
kill
them
before
they
ever
have
a
chance
to
grow.
The
Self
Immediately
following
the
birth
of
a
big
dream，a
negative
self?talk
takes
over
and
gives
all
the
reasons
why
it
can't
happen.This
inside
voice
is
the
ego(自我).It
is
there
for
protecting
and
should
be
listened
to.Sometimes
it
is
right，but
more
often
it
is
wrong.__2__That's
why
only
a
handful
of
people
make
their
dreams
come
true.
__3__
Family
and
friends
are
a
lot
like
the
ego.They
want
to
protect
those
they
love，so
they
will
often
list
all
the
reasons
why
the
big
dreams
won't
come
true.Sometimes，family
and
friends
destroy
dreams
of
those
they
love
most，out
of
their
own
fear
of
being
left
behind.
The
World
If
one
gets
past
the
first
two
barriers，one
has
to
face
the
world.__4__In
the
past，big
dreamers
were
locked
up
and
sometimes
even
killed
when
they
were
shown
to
the
world.Fortunately，in
most
of
the
world
today，big
dreamers
just
get
laughed
at.
The
way
to
realize
a
big
dream
is
with
confidence
and
action.When
children
have
confidence
and
then
take
action，they
will
be
ready
to
accept
any
failure.The
truth
is
that
every
great
dreamer
whose
dreams
have
never
seen
the
light
of
success
knows
failure
well.__5__
A．How
Big
Dreams
Die
B．Family
and
Friends
C．They
simply
fail
until
they
succeed.
D．Does
a
big
dream
show
one's
future?
E．Most
people
are
influenced
by
the
inside
voice.
F．It
is
the
last
and
the
most
terrible
barrier.
G．And
their
big
dream
is
to
be
a
rock
star
or
a
famous
artist.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是伟大的梦想以及实现它可能遇到的三大障碍。
1．D [根据下文的“Or，is
a
big
dream
something
that
provides
only
entertainment？”可知，此处是一个选择疑问句，分析选项并结合句意可知，D项(伟大的梦想显示一个人的未来吗？)符合题意。故选D。]
2．E [该段主要叙述自我带给自己的一些影响，所以E项(大部分人受这种内部声音的影响)符合题意。其中inside
voice是线索词，故选E。]
3．B [本段第一句“Family
and
friends
are
a
lot
like
the
ego.”就提到了朋友和家人，而且本段主要讲述了家人和朋友对个人梦想实现的影响，因此B项(家人和朋友)概括准确，故选B。]
4．F [上文说“If
one
gets
past
the
first
two
barriers，one
has
to
face
the
world.”(如果一个人已经通过了前两个障碍，将面对的就是外面的世界)与F(那是最后一个也是最糟糕的障碍)语义衔接，故选F。]
5．C [上文说“every
great
dreamer...knows
failure
well”(每一个伟大的梦想家都很清楚失败)与C项(他们只是失败直到成功)语义衔接，故选C。]
1表语从句
在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句称为表语从句。
一、that，whether引导的表语从句
[观察例句]
1．The
trouble
is
that
I
have
lost
his
address.
2．What
he
wants
to
know
is
whether
we
can
finish
our
work
by
tomorrow
morning.
[归纳用法]
1．连接词that在从句中只起到连接作用，不作任何成分。
2．连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否；究竟；到底”，在句中不作任何成分。
二、as
if/though，because，why引导的表语从句
[观察例句]
1．It
sounds
as
if/though
someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.
2．That's
because
he
didn't
understand
me.
3．That's
why
he
got
angry
with
me.
[归纳用法]
1．as
if
引导表语从句时，可以和as
though互换。
2．as
if/though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面。
3．That's
because...强调原因；That's
why...强调结果。
[名师点津]
reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①The
reason
why
I
was
sad
was
that
he
didn't
understand
me.
②What
cost
him
his
life
was
that
he
was
too
careless.
③All
she's
worried
about
is
whether
he
is
all
right.
④From
space，the
earth
looks
blue.This
is
because
about
seventy?one
percent
of
its
surface
is
covered
by
water.
三、连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句
[观察例句]
1．The
problem
is
who
we
can
get
to
replace
her.
2．Be
sure
to
be
with
a
strong
awareness
that
you
are
what
you
eat!
3．The
question
is
how
he
did
it.
4．Their
difficulty
is
where
they
can
raise
enough
money.
[归纳用法]
1．连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。
2．连接副词where，when，how，why在表语从句中充当状语。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①Grandma
pointed
to
the
hospital
and
said，“That's
where
I
was
born.”
②They
never
get
angry
and
are
always
kind
to
the
students.That's
why
the
children
can
always
get
on
well
with
their
robot
teachers.
③What
puzzles
me
is
how
you
could
tell
he
was
a
thief
when
you
first
saw
him.
④What
worries
us
most
is
who
let
out
of
the
secret.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
trouble
is
that
I
can't
find
my
way.
2．Without
his
support，we
wouldn't
be
where
we
are
now.
3．This
is
what
my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best.
4．By
boat
is
the
only
way
to
get
here，which
is
how
we
arrived.
5．He
got
caught
in
the
heavy
traffic.That
was
why
he
was
late.
6．Energy
is
what
makes
things
work.
7．We
didn't
set
out;
it
was
because
we
wanted
to
wait
until
our
mother
came
back.
8．The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
that
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．It
looks
as
if/though
he
were
drunk.
看起来他好像喝醉了。
2．The
question
is
who
is
to
blame
for
this
accident．
问题是谁对这起事故负有责任。
3．My
belief
is
that
I
will
succeed
by
working
hard.
我相信通过努力我会成功的。
4．Jane
is
no
longer
what
she
was
ten
years
ago.
简再也不是十年前的那个样子了。
5．The
fact
is
that
our
team
has
won
the
game．
事实就是我们队已经赢得了比赛。
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