专题10
并列连词和状语从句
（原卷版）
易错题【01】并列连词
易错题【02】状语从句
01
并列连词
(2019·全国II卷)I
don't
see
any
reason
to
give
up
work.
I
love
coming
here
and
seeing
my
family
and
all
the
friends
I
have
made
over
the
years.
I
work
not
because
I
have
to,
______
because
I
want
to.”
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not
呼应，构成“不是……而是
……”之意，故填but。
【答案】
but
【叮嘱】并列连词
1．and
用 法
示 例
意为“和，并且”，当连接三个或三个以上并列的成分时，一般在最后两者之间加and，其余用逗号分开
Solid,
liquid
and
gas
are
the
three
states
of
matter.固态、液态和气态是物质的三种状态。
“go
(come,
stop等)＋and＋动词原形”中，“and＋动词原形”相当于“in
order
to＋动词原形”
I'll
go
and
bring
back
your
boots.＝I'll
go
in
order
to
bring
back
your
boots.我去把你的靴子拿回来。
“动词＋and＋动词”，前后为同一动词，表示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”
We
waited
and
waited.我们等啊等。
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”相当于“if从句＋主句”
Work
hard
and
you
will
succeed.＝If
you
work
hard,
you
will
succeed.努力工作，你就会成功。
2．or
用 法
示 例
表示选择，意为“或，还是”
Would
you
prefer
tea
or
coffee？你喜欢茶还是咖啡？
“祈使句＋or(else)＋陈述句”相当于“if…not＋主句”
Dress
warmly,
or
(else)
you'll
catch
a
cold.穿暖和点儿，否则你会感冒的。
3．表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but,
yet,
whereas,
while等。
?He
likes
pop
music,
while
I
am
fond
of
folk
music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
?Some
of
the
studies
show
positive
results,
whereas
others
not.
有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。
【注意】
but还可用于“I'm
sorry
but…”“Excuse
me
but…”句式中。
?I
am
sorry
but
I
won't
be
able
to
come
tonight.
对不起我今晚不能来。
4．表示因果关系的并列连词有so,
for等。
?It
must
have
rained
last
night,
for
it
is
wet
all
over.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都是湿的。
?The
shops
were
closed,
so
I
didn't
get
any
milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
5．when也可用作并列连词，常用于以下句式中：
?I
had
just
finished
my
homework
when
Tom
came
to
me.
我刚写完作业，Tom就来找我了。
6．both…and…，
neither…nor…，
not
only…but
also…等。
?He
spoke
with
both
kindness
and
understanding.
他说话既亲切又善解人意。
?Neither
Tom
nor
Helen
is
hard?working.
Tom和Helen都不勤奋。
（2017·北京）—Peter,
please
send
us
postcards
we’ll
know
where
you
have
visited.
—No
problem.
（2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错）Before
getting
into
the
car,
I
thought
I
had
learned
the
instructor’s
orders,
so
once
I
started
the
car,
my
mind
went
blank.
3.（2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错）I
have
grown
not
only
physically,
and
also
mentally
in
the
past
few
years.
02
状语从句
（2020·全国卷Ⅲ）
___65___
he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary
(传奇的)
artist,
they
smiled
and
___66___
(point)
down
the
river.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。
【答案】When/As
【叮嘱】1．时间状语从句
(1)when,
while与as引导的时间状语从句
引导词
从句谓语动词
用 法
示 例
when
延续性动词、
非延续性动词
从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
Metals
expand
when
they
are
heated.金属受热时/后膨胀。
while
延续性动词
动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比
While/When
I
was
reading,
he
came
in.我正在看书时，他进来了。
as
延续性动词
从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边……一边……；随着……”
The
students
sang
as
they
walked.学生们边走边唱。
As
time
goes
on,
it's
getting
warmer
and
warmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。
(2)before与since引导的时间状语从句
①before与since的常用句式
引导词
词 义
常用句式
before
在……之前，
还未……就……；
……才……；
趁……，
还没来得及……
(1)It
will
(not)
be＋一段时间＋before…“(没有)过……(时间)才(就)……”
(2)
It
was
not
long
before…“不久……就……”
(3)
It
was＋一段时间＋before…“过了……(时间)才……”
since
自从……以来
It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since…(从句用一般过去时)
?It
won't
be
long
before
we
meet
again.
用不了多久我们就会再见面。
?It
was
three
days
before
he
came
back.
三天后他才回来。
②since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起；若用延续性动词或状态动词，所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。
?It's
two
years
since
we
arrived
here.
我们到这儿两年了。
?It's
three
years
since
we
lived
here.
我们不住在这里有三年了。
(3)表示“一……就……”的词(组)引导的时间状语从句及句式
①引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”的词(组)及句式有as
soon
as,
the
moment,
the
minute,
immediately,
directly,
hardly/scarcely…when/before…，
no
sooner…than…等。
?Immediately
she'd
gone,
I
remembered
her
name.
她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。
②hardly/scarcely…when/before…，
no
sooner…than…中主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no
sooner…和hardly/scarcely…位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
?No
sooner
had
we
sat
down
at
the
table
than
the
phone
rang.
我们刚在桌子旁坐下，电话铃就响了。
(4)until与till引导的时间状语从句
①肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。
?You
may
stay
here
until/till
the
rain
stops.
你可以在这里待到雨停。
②否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。
?He
won't
go
to
bed
till/until
she
returns.
直到她回来他才会去睡。
③till不可以置于句首，而until可以。
?Until
you
told
me
I
had
no
idea
of
it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道此事。
④not
until…句型的强调和倒装用法
?It
was
not
until
you
told
me
that
I
had
any
idea
of
it.(强调句型)
?Not
until
you
told
me
did
I
have
any
idea
of
it.(not
until置于句首，主句要部分倒装)
直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
(5)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)
①其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after,
whenever,
every
time,
each
time,
next
time,
the
first/last
time,
any
time,
by
the
time,
the
day/year等。
?Whenever
we
met
with
difficulties,
they
came
to
help
us.
每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮助我们。
②by
the
time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时；从句如果用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。
?By
the
time
we
got
there,
the
rain
had
stopped.
当我们到达那儿时，雨已经停了。
2．条件状语从句
(1)引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词有if,
unless,
as/so
long
as,
in
case
(万一),
once,
on
condition
that,
provided/providing
(that),
supposing/suppose
(that)等。
?You'll
fail
the
exam
unless
you
study
hard.
除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。
(2)在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。
?In
case
there
is
a
fire,
what
will
we
do
first?
万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？
3．原因状语从句
(1)because/as/since/now
that
连词
(短语)
位 置
内 涵
语 气
能否回
答why
能否被
强调
because
主句前或后
直接因
果关系
强
能
能
as
主句前或后
双方都知
道的原因
弱
不能
不能
since/
now
that
通常位于
主句前
?I
was
absent
from
the
meeting
because
I
was
ill.
因为我病了，所以我没有参加会议。
?As
it
is
raining,
we
shall
not
go
to
the
park.
下雨了，我们不能去公园了。
?Now
that/Since
everyone
is
here,
let's
begin
our
meeting.
既然大家都在这儿，我们开始开会吧。
(2)when
(既然),
seeing
that
(鉴于，由于),
considering
that
(考虑到),
in
that
(因为)等也可以引导原因状语从句。
?How
can
they
expect
to
learn
anything
when
they
never
listen?
既然他们从不听讲，他们怎么能指望学到东西呢？
4．结果状语从句
(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so
that,
so…that…，
such…that…。在非正式语体中，由so…that…，
such…that…引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构：
?Mike
is
such
an
honest
worker
that
we
all
believe
in
him.
＝Mike
is
so
honest
a
worker
that
we
all
believe
in
him.
Mike是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都信任他。
【提示】
①为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
?So
clever
a
student
was
he
that
he
was
able
to
work
out
almost
all
the
difficult
questions.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于能够解出几乎所有难题。
②当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为so/such…as
to…结构。
?He
was
so
clever
a
student
that
he
won
the
first
prize
in
the
competition.
＝He
was
so
clever
a
student
as
to
win
the
first
prize
in
the
competition.
他是如此聪明的一个学生，以至于在比赛中得了一等奖。
(2)除结果状语从句外，too…to…(太……而不能……),
enough
to…(达到某种程度可以……)等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。
?He
didn't
get
up
early
enough
to
catch
the
bus.
＝He
got
up
too
late
to
catch
the
bus.
他起床很晚，以至于没有赶上公共汽车。
5．让步状语从句
(1)although,
though,
as与while引导的让步状语从句
①although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时，只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
?Although/Though
he
may
be
troubled,
he
always
presents
a
calm
smiling
face.
尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的微笑。
?Much
as/though
I
have
traveled,
I
have
never
seen
anyone
who's
as
capable
as
John.
虽然我已经去过很多地方，但我从未见过像John这么能干的人。
?Child
as
he
is,
he
knows
a
lot.
尽管他还是一个孩子，但他却懂很多。
②although与though都可以与yet,
still,
nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
?Although/Though
it
has
been
raining
hard,
yet/still
the
lane
is
passable.
虽然一直下着大雨，可是这条小巷仍可通行。
③while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。
?While
I
am
willing
to
help,
I
do
not
have
much
time
available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。
【提示】
though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。
?Our
team
lost.
It
was
a
good
game
though.
我们队输了，可是这也不失为一场好球。
(2)even
though与even
if引导的让步状语从句
even
if与even
though表示“即使，纵然”，有退一步设想的意思，多用于书面语中，引导让步状语从句时，可以用虚拟语气，也可以用陈述语气。
?Even
if
I
were
in
your
place,
I
wouldn't
take
the
job.
即使我处于你的位置，我也不会接受这份工作。
(3)“no
matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋?ever”引导的让步状语从句
①“no
matter＋疑问词”的意思等同于“疑问词＋?ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。
?Don't
trust
him,
no
matter
what/whatever
he
says.
无论他说什么，不要相信他。
②whoever,
whatever,
whomever,
whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no
matter＋疑问词”不可以。
(4)whether…or
(not)…引导的让步状语从句
whether…or
(not)…引导让步状语从句时，提供两种对比的情况，并带有条件的含义在内。
?Whether
you
like
it
or
not,
you'll
have
to
change
your
lifestyle.
不管你喜欢不喜欢，你将必须改变你的生活方式。
6．其他状语从句
状语从句类型
从属连词或结构
地点状语从句
where,
wherever,
everywhere,
anywhere
目的状语从句
so
that,
in
order
that,
in
case
(以免，以防),
for
fear
that(唯恐，以防)
方式状语从句
as,
as
if/though
比较状语从句
as…as,
not
as/so…as,
the
same…as,
比较级＋than
?You
will
find
him
wherever
he
is
needed.
在任何需要他的地方，你都可以找到他。
?They
may
be
able
to
help
with
childcare
so
that
you
can
have
a
break.
他们或许能帮忙照料孩子，这样你就可以歇一歇了。
【提示】
①so
that与in
order
that引导目的状语从句时，常与can,
could,
may,
might连用，in
order
that引导的目的状语从句可以置于主句前或后，但so
that引导的从句只能置于主句后。
②what引导的比较状语从句的句式：A
is
to
B
what
C
is
to
D．A对B而言正如C对D一样。
?Air
is
to
us
what
water
is
to
fish.
空气之于我们就如同水之于鱼一样(重要)。
1.【2016·浙江】_______online
shopping
has
changed
our
life
,
not
all
of
its
effects
have
been
positive.
2.（2017·北京）If
you
don’t
understand
something,
you
may
research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people
you
figure
it
out.
1.（2020·江苏卷）They
decide
to
have
more
workers
for
the
project
____
it
won’t
be
delayed.
A.
even
if
B.
as
if
C.
now
that
D.
so
that
2.【2019·江苏卷】The
doctor
shares
his
phone
number
with
the
patients
__________
they
need
medical
assistance.
A.
if
only
B.
as
if
C.
even
though
D.
in
case
3.【2019·天津卷】Tom
is
so
independent
that
he
never
asks
his
parents'
opinion
_________
he
wants
their
support.
A.
since
B.
once
C.
unless
D.
after
4.【2019·新课标I卷】Suddenly
football
feel
just
in
front
of
me
but
almost
hit
me.
5.【2019·新课标III卷】On
our
way
to
the
house，it
was
raining
___61___
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
to
get
(get)there.
It
was
in
the
middle
of
Pearl
City.
6.【2018·江苏】_______
you?can?sleep?well,?you?will?lose?the?ability?to?focus,?plan?and?stay
motivated?after
one
or?two?nights.
A.
Once
B.
Unless
C.
If
D.
When
7.【2018·天津】
Let's
not
pick
these
peaches
until
this
weekend
___________they
get
sweet
enough
to
be
eaten.
A.
ever
since
B.
as
if
C.
even
though
D.
so
that
8.【2018·北京】_________
we
don’t
stop
climate
change,
many
animals
and
plants
in
the
world
will
be
gone.
A.
Although
B.
While
C.
If
D.
Until
9.【2017·北京】If
you
don’t
understand
something,
you
may
research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people
_______
you
figure
it
out.
A.
because
B.
though
C.
until
D.
since
10.【2017·北京】______
birds
use
their
feathers
for
flight,
some
of
their
feathers
are
for
other
purposes.
A.
Once
B.
If
C.
Although
D.
Because
11.【2017·
江苏】Located
_______
the
Belt
meets
the
Road,
Jiangsu
will
contribute
more
to
the
Belt
and
Road
construction.
A.
why
B.
when
C.
which
D.
where
12.【2016·北京】My
grandfather
still
plays
tennis
now
and
then,
________
he’s
in
his
nineties.
A.
as
long
as
B.
as
if
C.
even
though
D.
in
case
13.【2016·江苏】______some
people
are
motivated
by
a
need
for
success,
others
are
motivated
by
a
fear
of
failure.
A.
Because
B.
If
C.
Unless
D.
While
14.【2016·天津】
______
the
average
age
of
the
population
increases,
there
are
more
and
more
old
people
to
care
for.
A.
Unless
B.
Until
C.
As
D.
While
15.【2016·北京】I
really
enjoy
listening
to
music
________
it
helps
me
relax
and
takes
my
mind
away
from
other
cares
of
the
day.
A.
because
B.
before
C.
unless
D.
until专题10
并列连词和状语从句
（解析版）
易错题【01】并列连词
易错题【02】状语从句
01
并列连词
(2019·全国II卷)I
don't
see
any
reason
to
give
up
work.
I
love
coming
here
and
seeing
my
family
and
all
the
friends
I
have
made
over
the
years.
I
work
not
because
I
have
to,
______
because
I
want
to.”
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not
呼应，构成“不是……而是
……”之意，故填but。
【答案】
but
【叮嘱】并列连词
1．and
用 法
示 例
意为“和，并且”，当连接三个或三个以上并列的成分时，一般在最后两者之间加and，其余用逗号分开
Solid,
liquid
and
gas
are
the
three
states
of
matter.固态、液态和气态是物质的三种状态。
“go
(come,
stop等)＋and＋动词原形”中，“and＋动词原形”相当于“in
order
to＋动词原形”
I'll
go
and
bring
back
your
boots.＝I'll
go
in
order
to
bring
back
your
boots.我去把你的靴子拿回来。
“动词＋and＋动词”，前后为同一动词，表示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”
We
waited
and
waited.我们等啊等。
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”相当于“if从句＋主句”
Work
hard
and
you
will
succeed.＝If
you
work
hard,
you
will
succeed.努力工作，你就会成功。
2．or
用 法
示 例
表示选择，意为“或，还是”
Would
you
prefer
tea
or
coffee？你喜欢茶还是咖啡？
“祈使句＋or(else)＋陈述句”相当于“if…not＋主句”
Dress
warmly,
or
(else)
you'll
catch
a
cold.穿暖和点儿，否则你会感冒的。
3．表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but,
yet,
whereas,
while等。
?He
likes
pop
music,
while
I
am
fond
of
folk
music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
?Some
of
the
studies
show
positive
results,
whereas
others
not.
有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。
【注意】
but还可用于“I'm
sorry
but…”“Excuse
me
but…”句式中。
?I
am
sorry
but
I
won't
be
able
to
come
tonight.
对不起我今晚不能来。
4．表示因果关系的并列连词有so,
for等。
?It
must
have
rained
last
night,
for
it
is
wet
all
over.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都是湿的。
?The
shops
were
closed,
so
I
didn't
get
any
milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
5．when也可用作并列连词，常用于以下句式中：
?I
had
just
finished
my
homework
when
Tom
came
to
me.
我刚写完作业，Tom就来找我了。
6．both…and…，
neither…nor…，
not
only…but
also…等。
?He
spoke
with
both
kindness
and
understanding.
他说话既亲切又善解人意。
?Neither
Tom
nor
Helen
is
hard?working.
Tom和Helen都不勤奋。
（2017·北京）—Peter,
please
send
us
postcards
we’ll
know
where
you
have
visited.
—No
problem.
【答案】so
【解析】——Peter，请给我们寄一些明信片，这样我们就能知道你去过哪里。
——没有问题。
根据语境可知，让Peter寄明信片的目的是了解Peter去过哪里，此处表示目的，所以用so连接并列句。注意：不能误填for，如果后半句表示原因可用for，且之前常有逗号隔开。
（2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错）Before
getting
into
the
car,
I
thought
I
had
learned
the
instructor’s
orders,
so
once
I
started
the
car,
my
mind
went
blank.
【答案】so→but或yet
【解析】考查上下文的逻辑关系。根据语境可知，前后两句之间为转折关系，故把so改为but或yet。
3.（2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错）I
have
grown
not
only
physically,
and
also
mentally
in
the
past
few
years.
【答案】and→but
【解析】考查连词。not
only...but
also...是固定搭配。
02
状语从句
（2020·全国卷Ⅲ）
___65___
he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary
(传奇的)
artist,
they
smiled
and
___66___
(point)
down
the
river.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。
【答案】When/As
【叮嘱】1．时间状语从句
(1)when,
while与as引导的时间状语从句
引导词
从句谓语动词
用 法
示 例
when
延续性动词、
非延续性动词
从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
Metals
expand
when
they
are
heated.金属受热时/后膨胀。
while
延续性动词
动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比
While/When
I
was
reading,
he
came
in.我正在看书时，他进来了。
as
延续性动词
从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边……一边……；随着……”
The
students
sang
as
they
walked.学生们边走边唱。
As
time
goes
on,
it's
getting
warmer
and
warmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。
(2)before与since引导的时间状语从句
①before与since的常用句式
引导词
词 义
常用句式
before
在……之前，
还未……就……；
……才……；
趁……，
还没来得及……
(1)It
will
(not)
be＋一段时间＋before…“(没有)过……(时间)才(就)……”
(2)
It
was
not
long
before…“不久……就……”
(3)
It
was＋一段时间＋before…“过了……(时间)才……”
since
自从……以来
It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since…(从句用一般过去时)
?It
won't
be
long
before
we
meet
again.
用不了多久我们就会再见面。
?It
was
three
days
before
he
came
back.
三天后他才回来。
②since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起；若用延续性动词或状态动词，所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。
?It's
two
years
since
we
arrived
here.
我们到这儿两年了。
?It's
three
years
since
we
lived
here.
我们不住在这里有三年了。
(3)表示“一……就……”的词(组)引导的时间状语从句及句式
①引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”的词(组)及句式有as
soon
as,
the
moment,
the
minute,
immediately,
directly,
hardly/scarcely…when/before…，
no
sooner…than…等。
?Immediately
she'd
gone,
I
remembered
her
name.
她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。
②hardly/scarcely…when/before…，
no
sooner…than…中主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no
sooner…和hardly/scarcely…位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
?No
sooner
had
we
sat
down
at
the
table
than
the
phone
rang.
我们刚在桌子旁坐下，电话铃就响了。
(4)until与till引导的时间状语从句
①肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。
?You
may
stay
here
until/till
the
rain
stops.
你可以在这里待到雨停。
②否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。
?He
won't
go
to
bed
till/until
she
returns.
直到她回来他才会去睡。
③till不可以置于句首，而until可以。
?Until
you
told
me
I
had
no
idea
of
it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道此事。
④not
until…句型的强调和倒装用法
?It
was
not
until
you
told
me
that
I
had
any
idea
of
it.(强调句型)
?Not
until
you
told
me
did
I
have
any
idea
of
it.(not
until置于句首，主句要部分倒装)
直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
(5)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)
①其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after,
whenever,
every
time,
each
time,
next
time,
the
first/last
time,
any
time,
by
the
time,
the
day/year等。
?Whenever
we
met
with
difficulties,
they
came
to
help
us.
每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮助我们。
②by
the
time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时；从句如果用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。
?By
the
time
we
got
there,
the
rain
had
stopped.
当我们到达那儿时，雨已经停了。
2．条件状语从句
(1)引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词有if,
unless,
as/so
long
as,
in
case
(万一),
once,
on
condition
that,
provided/providing
(that),
supposing/suppose
(that)等。
?You'll
fail
the
exam
unless
you
study
hard.
除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。
(2)在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。
?In
case
there
is
a
fire,
what
will
we
do
first?
万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？
3．原因状语从句
(1)because/as/since/now
that
连词
(短语)
位 置
内 涵
语 气
能否回
答why
能否被
强调
because
主句前或后
直接因
果关系
强
能
能
as
主句前或后
双方都知
道的原因
弱
不能
不能
since/
now
that
通常位于
主句前
?I
was
absent
from
the
meeting
because
I
was
ill.
因为我病了，所以我没有参加会议。
?As
it
is
raining,
we
shall
not
go
to
the
park.
下雨了，我们不能去公园了。
?Now
that/Since
everyone
is
here,
let's
begin
our
meeting.
既然大家都在这儿，我们开始开会吧。
(2)when
(既然),
seeing
that
(鉴于，由于),
considering
that
(考虑到),
in
that
(因为)等也可以引导原因状语从句。
?How
can
they
expect
to
learn
anything
when
they
never
listen?
既然他们从不听讲，他们怎么能指望学到东西呢？
4．结果状语从句
(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so
that,
so…that…，
such…that…。在非正式语体中，由so…that…，
such…that…引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构：
?Mike
is
such
an
honest
worker
that
we
all
believe
in
him.
＝Mike
is
so
honest
a
worker
that
we
all
believe
in
him.
Mike是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都信任他。
【提示】
①为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
?So
clever
a
student
was
he
that
he
was
able
to
work
out
almost
all
the
difficult
questions.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于能够解出几乎所有难题。
②当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为so/such…as
to…结构。
?He
was
so
clever
a
student
that
he
won
the
first
prize
in
the
competition.
＝He
was
so
clever
a
student
as
to
win
the
first
prize
in
the
competition.
他是如此聪明的一个学生，以至于在比赛中得了一等奖。
(2)除结果状语从句外，too…to…(太……而不能……),
enough
to…(达到某种程度可以……)等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。
?He
didn't
get
up
early
enough
to
catch
the
bus.
＝He
got
up
too
late
to
catch
the
bus.
他起床很晚，以至于没有赶上公共汽车。
5．让步状语从句
(1)although,
though,
as与while引导的让步状语从句
①although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时，只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
?Although/Though
he
may
be
troubled,
he
always
presents
a
calm
smiling
face.
尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的微笑。
?Much
as/though
I
have
traveled,
I
have
never
seen
anyone
who's
as
capable
as
John.
虽然我已经去过很多地方，但我从未见过像John这么能干的人。
?Child
as
he
is,
he
knows
a
lot.
尽管他还是一个孩子，但他却懂很多。
②although与though都可以与yet,
still,
nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
?Although/Though
it
has
been
raining
hard,
yet/still
the
lane
is
passable.
虽然一直下着大雨，可是这条小巷仍可通行。
③while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。
?While
I
am
willing
to
help,
I
do
not
have
much
time
available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。
【提示】
though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。
?Our
team
lost.
It
was
a
good
game
though.
我们队输了，可是这也不失为一场好球。
(2)even
though与even
if引导的让步状语从句
even
if与even
though表示“即使，纵然”，有退一步设想的意思，多用于书面语中，引导让步状语从句时，可以用虚拟语气，也可以用陈述语气。
?Even
if
I
were
in
your
place,
I
wouldn't
take
the
job.
即使我处于你的位置，我也不会接受这份工作。
(3)“no
matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋?ever”引导的让步状语从句
①“no
matter＋疑问词”的意思等同于“疑问词＋?ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。
?Don't
trust
him,
no
matter
what/whatever
he
says.
无论他说什么，不要相信他。
②whoever,
whatever,
whomever,
whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no
matter＋疑问词”不可以。
(4)whether…or
(not)…引导的让步状语从句
whether…or
(not)…引导让步状语从句时，提供两种对比的情况，并带有条件的含义在内。
?Whether
you
like
it
or
not,
you'll
have
to
change
your
lifestyle.
不管你喜欢不喜欢，你将必须改变你的生活方式。
6．其他状语从句
状语从句类型
从属连词或结构
地点状语从句
where,
wherever,
everywhere,
anywhere
目的状语从句
so
that,
in
order
that,
in
case
(以免，以防),
for
fear
that(唯恐，以防)
方式状语从句
as,
as
if/though
比较状语从句
as…as,
not
as/so…as,
the
same…as,
比较级＋than
?You
will
find
him
wherever
he
is
needed.
在任何需要他的地方，你都可以找到他。
?They
may
be
able
to
help
with
childcare
so
that
you
can
have
a
break.
他们或许能帮忙照料孩子，这样你就可以歇一歇了。
【提示】
①so
that与in
order
that引导目的状语从句时，常与can,
could,
may,
might连用，in
order
that引导的目的状语从句可以置于主句前或后，但so
that引导的从句只能置于主句后。
②what引导的比较状语从句的句式：A
is
to
B
what
C
is
to
D．A对B而言正如C对D一样。
?Air
is
to
us
what
water
is
to
fish.
空气之于我们就如同水之于鱼一样(重要)。
1.【2016·浙江】_______online
shopping
has
changed
our
life
,
not
all
of
its
effects
have
been
positive.
A.
Since
B.
After
C.
While
D.
Unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，单数不是所有的影响都是积极的。While引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。
2.（2017·北京）If
you
don’t
understand
something,
you
may
research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people
you
figure
it
out.
【答案】until
【解析】句意：
如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。根据句意可知，空处应用until引导时间状语从句，表示句中的动作"research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people"一直延续到until引导的从句所表达的时间才结束。
1.（2020·江苏卷）They
decide
to
have
more
workers
for
the
project
____
it
won’t
be
delayed.
A.
even
if
B.
as
if
C.
now
that
D.
so
that
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。A.
even
if即使；B.
as
if好像；C.
now
that既然；D.
so
that为了。空后it
won’t
be
delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so
that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
2.【2019·江苏卷】The
doctor
shares
his
phone
number
with
the
patients
__________
they
need
medical
assistance.
A.
if
only
B.
as
if
C.
even
though
D.
in
case
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A.
if
only要是…多好；B.
as
if好像，仿佛；C.
even
though即使，尽管；D.
in
case以备，以防，免得。故选D。
3.【2019·天津卷】Tom
is
so
independent
that
he
never
asks
his
parents'
opinion
_________
he
wants
their
support.
A.
since
B.
once
C.
unless
D.
after
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。since因为；once一旦；unless除非；after在……之后，根据题意，故选C。
4.【2019·新课标I卷】Suddenly
football
feel
just
in
front
of
me
but
almost
hit
me.
【答案】
Suddenly
football
fell
just
in
front
of
me
almost
hit
me.
【解析】考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a；考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
5.【2019·新课标III卷】On
our
way
to
the
house，it
was
raining
___61___
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
to
get
(get)there.
It
was
in
the
middle
of
Pearl
City.
【答案】so
【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
6.【2018·江苏】_______
you?can?sleep?well,?you?will?lose?the?ability?to?focus,?plan?and?stay
motivated?after
one
or?two?nights.
A.
Once
B.
Unless
C.
If
D.
When
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。A.
Once一旦；B.
Unless除非；C.
If如果；D.
When当……时候。故选B。
7.【2018·天津】
Let's
not
pick
these
peaches
until
this
weekend
___________they
get
sweet
enough
to
be
eaten.
A.
ever
since
B.
as
if
C.
even
though
D.
so
that
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A.ever
since自那时起；B.as
if好像；C.even
though尽管；D.so
that以便。从句为目的状语从句，故用sothat引导。故选D。
8.【2018·北京】_________
we
don’t
stop
climate
change,
many
animals
and
plants
in
the
world
will
be
gone.
A.
Although
B.
While
C.
If
D.
Until
【答案】C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，那么世界上的很多动植物都将会消失。动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管；while当……时候，尽管，然而；if如果；until直到。故C选项正确。
9.【2017·北京】If
you
don’t
understand
something,
you
may
research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people
_______
you
figure
it
out.
A.
because
B.
though
C.
until
D.
since
【答案】C
【解析】A.because因为；B.though尽管；C.until直到；D.since目从。如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止，根据句意可知选用until，直到，选C。
10.【2017·北京】______
birds
use
their
feathers
for
flight,
some
of
their
feathers
are
for
other
purposes.
A.
Once
B.
If
C.
Although
D.
Because
【答案】C
【解析】A.Once
一旦；B.If
如果；C.Although尽管；D.Because因为。句意：尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系，故选C。
11.【2017·
江苏】Located
_______
the
Belt
meets
the
Road,
Jiangsu
will
contribute
more
to
the
Belt
and
Road
construction.
A.
why
B.
when
C.
which
D.
where
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句。be
located
in+地点名词，位于坐落某地，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in
some
place，故选D。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。
12.【2016·北京】My
grandfather
still
plays
tennis
now
and
then,
________
he’s
in
his
nineties.
A.
as
long
as
B.
as
if
C.
even
though
D.
in
case
【答案】C
【解析】题目考查状语从句。句意：即使是九十多岁了，我的爷爷仍然时不时地打打网球。A.as
long
as只要，引导条件句；B.as
if似乎，引导方式状语从句或表语从句；C.
even
though即使，引导让步状语从句；D.in
case以防，引导目的状语从句。这里是转折关系，故选C。
13.【2016·江苏】______some
people
are
motivated
by
a
need
for
success,
others
are
motivated
by
a
fear
of
failure.
A.
Because
B.
If
C.
Unless
D.
While
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词。连词because因为；if如果；unless除非，如果不……；while尽管；然而；当时；句意：尽管一些人被成功的渴望驱使着，但是其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。根据句意可知上下文之间存在转折关系，所以使用“while尽管……”连接。故D项正确。
14.【2016·天津】
______
the
average
age
of
the
population
increases,
there
are
more
and
more
old
people
to
care
for.
A.
Unless
B.
Until
C.
As
D.
While
【答案】C
【解析】句意：随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老人要照顾。untess除非；until直到；as因为，正如，随着；while虽然，然而，当.….时候。根据语境，故选C。
15.【2016·北京】I
really
enjoy
listening
to
music
________
it
helps
me
relax
and
takes
my
mind
away
from
other
cares
of
the
day.
A.
because
B.
before
C.
unless
D.
until
【答案】A
【解析】题目考查原因状语从句。句意：我非常喜欢听音乐，因为它能让我放松，使我不去想其它的事情。前后是因果关系，故选A。
