专题12
强调句型等特殊句式误用
（解析版）
易错题【01】强调
易错题【02】倒装
易错题【03】省略
易错题【04】其他
01
强调
【2016·天津】You
are
waiting
at
a
wrong
place.
It
is
at
the
hotel
____
the
coach
picks
up
tourists.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
where
D.
that
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It
is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语
at
the
hotel。
故选D。
【答案】
D
【叮嘱】
强调
(一)强调谓语动词
用助动词do,
does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。
?She
did
tell
me
her
address,
but
I
forgot
all
about
it.
她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
(二)强调句型
1．强调句型的基本结构：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子中谓语以外的成分进行强调。当被强调部分指人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况一律用that。
?It
is
only
by
listening
to
and
understanding
each
other
that
problems
between
parents
and
children
can
be
settled.
只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才可能被解决。
【注意】
强调主语时，要注意连接词和谓语的一致性；谓语动词的形式仍与主语保持一致。
?It
is
our
teacher
who/that
helps
us
make
great
progress.
正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。
2．强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
?Was
it
yesterday
that
you
met
your
teacher
in
the
street?
你是昨天在大街上碰到你的老师的吗？
3．强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
?Why
was
it
that
you
didn't
come
to
the
meeting
yesterday?
究竟是因为什么你昨天没有来开会？
【提示】
由疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。
?She
doesn't
know
who
it
was
that
saved
her
son.
她不知道是谁救了她的儿子。
4．not…until的强调句型结构：It
is/was
not
until…＋that＋句子其他部分。
?It
was
not
until
the
next
day
that
I
learned
the
truth.
直到第二天，我才明白事情的真相。
5．强调句型与其他易混句式辨析：
(1)强调句和定语从句
在强调句型中that没有词义，且不作任何成分；定语从句中的that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。试比较：
①It
is
novels
that
Miss
Wang
enjoys
reading.(强调句)
②It
is
a
question
that
needs
careful
consideration.(定语从句)
在实际考查中，命题人可能会将定语从句隐藏于强调句型中进行考查，增加了题目难度。
(2)强调句和主语从句
强调句型去掉“it
is/was”和“that”之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句则不能。试比较：
①It's
there
that
the
accidents
often
happen.(强调句)
②It
is
said
that
English
is
being
accepted
as
an
international
language.(主语从句)
(3)强调句和时间状语从句
强调句型去掉“it
is/was”和“that”之后，句子结构仍然完整，而“it
is…when…”中，it指时间。试比较：
①It
was
at
six
o'clock
that
I
got
up
early.(强调句)
②It
was
six
o'clock
when
I
got
up
early.(状语从句)
（2015·湖南）It
was
when
we
were
returning
home
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
【答案】that
【解析】句意：当我们回家的时候，我意识到帮助了有困难的人感觉真好。when
we
were
returning
home是一个when引导的时间状语从句，对应的主句是后面整个句子，去掉"It
was"和空处，句子成立，说明该句是个强调句型。
2.（2015·重庆）Bach
died
in
1750,
but
it
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized.
【答案】that
【解析】句意：Bach死于1750年，但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全认可。but之后是一个强调not
until引导的时间状语从句的强调句式，故用that。
02
倒装
【2016·江苏】Not
until
recently
______the
development
of
tourist-related
activities
in
the
rural
areas.
A.
they
had
encouraged
B.
had
they
encouraged
C.
did
they
encourage
D.
they
encouraged
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查部分倒装。当not
until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
【答案】C
【叮嘱】倒装句
(一)部分倒装
部分倒装是把谓语的一部分提到主语前面，即把谓语部分的“助动词/情态动词/be动词”提到主语的前面，谓语的其他部分仍在主语后面。具体情况如下：
1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)和句型有：never,
seldom,
rarely,
little,
few,
at
no
time,
by
no
means,
no
longer,
hardly/scarcely…when…，
no
sooner…than…，
not
only…but
also…，
not
until,
nowhere,
neither…nor…等。
?John
talked
with
me
for
about
an
hour
yesterday.
Never
had
I
heard
him
talk
so
much.
John昨天和我谈了约一个小时，我从未听过他说那么多话。
2．表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。
?Lily
can't
play
table?tennis.
Neither/Nor
can
I.
Lily不会打乒乓球，我也不会。
3．so/such…that…结构中的so,
such
连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。
?So
difficult
did
I
find
it
to
work
out
the
problem
that
I
decided
to
ask
Tom
for
advice.
我觉得这个问题太难解决了，所以决定向Tom征求建议。
4．“only＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
?Only
after
my
friend
came
was
the
computer
repaired.
只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。
5．在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词要位于句首，构成倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。
?Child
as
he
was,
he
made
a
living
by
himself.
尽管他是个孩子，他却得自己谋生。
6．在虚拟条件句中，条件句中的if省略时，助动词had,
were,
should要提到主语前面。
?If
it
should
rain
tomorrow,
we
wouldn't
go
camping.
＝Should
it
rain
tomorrow,
we
wouldn't
go
camping.
如果明天下雨，我们就不去露营。
7．“may＋动词原形”表示祝愿时，通常将may置于句首，构成倒装语序。
?May
you
succeed.
祝你成功。
(二)完全倒装
谓语完全放在主语之前的句子，即完全倒装句。下列情形使用完全倒装句式：
1．here,
there,
now,
then,
out,
in,
up,
down,
away,
on
the
wall,
in
the
room
等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词(短语)置于句首，且主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装。
?Be
quick！Here
comes
the
bus.
快点，公共汽车来了！
【注意】
上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则句子用部分倒装。
?Away
they
went.
他们走了。
2．有时为平衡句子结构或突出、强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。
?Present
at
the
meeting
were
Professor
White
and
many
other
scholars.
出席会议的有White教授，还有许多其他学者。
3．such＋be＋主语
?Such
are
the
facts:
no
one
can
deny
them.
这些就是事实，没有人可以否认它们。
1.(2019·天津,12)The
professor
warned
tie
students
that
on
no
account
_____________
use
mobile
phones
in
his
class.
A.
should
they
B.
they
should
C.
dare
they
D.
they
dare
【答案】A
【解析】
考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on
no
account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should
do,敢于做dare
do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。
【2017·江苏卷】_______
not
for
the
support
of
the
teachers,
the
student
could
not
overcome
her
difficulty.
A.
It
were
B.
Were
it
C.
It
was
D.
Was
it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were
/Should/
Had
I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
03
省略
【2018·新课标II卷】China's
approach
to
protecting
its
environment
while
___70___
(feed)
its
citizens
"offers
useful
lessons
for
agriculture
and
food
policymakers
worldwide."
says
the
bank's
Juergen
Voegele.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China
is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。
【答案】feeding
【叮嘱】省略
(一)状语从句中的省略
在as
if,
if,
though,
when,
where,
while,
no
matter
what,
until等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，且从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。
?Unless
(I
am)
invited,
I
won't
go
to
the
party.
除非被邀请，否则我是不会去参加那个派对的。
(二)动词不定式的省略
1．常在be
afraid,
be
glad,
forget,
hope,
intend,
like,
love,
mean,
prefer,
refuse,
seem,
try,
want,
wish等的后面省略动词不定式后面的内容，只保留to。
?—Will
you
join
in
the
game？你愿意一起做游戏吗？
—I'd
be
glad
to.我很乐意。
2．如果不定式中含有be,
have,
have
been，通常保留be,
have和have
been。
?—Are
you
a
sailor？你是一名海员吗？
—No,
but
I
used
to
be.不，但我过去是。
(三)so/not构成替代省略
英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在I'm
afraid/I
hope/I
think/I
guess/I
believe等后面，构成答句。
?—Do
you
think
it
will
rain？你认为会下雨吗？
—I
hope
so/not.我希望下/不下。
(四)常用的省略结构
常用的省略结构有：if
ever如果有过的话，
if
busy如果忙的话，
if
anything如果有什么不同，
if
possible如果可能的话，
if
so如果那样的话，
if
not如果不的话，
if
necessary如果必要的话。
1.【2016·江苏】—Only
those
who
have
a
lot
in
common
can
get
along
well.
—
.
Opposites
sometimes
do
attract.
A.
I
hope
not
B.
I
think
so
C.
I
appreciate
that
D.
I
beg
to
differ
【答案】D
【解析】考查交际用语。I
hope
not我可不希望这样；I
think
so我认为如此；I
appreciate
that我很感激；I
beg
to
differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites
sometimes
do
attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。
2.（2015·湖南）Video
games
can
be
a
poor
influence
if
(leave)
in
the
wrong
hands.
【答案】left
【解析】句意：电子游戏如果使用不当就会产生不良影响。leave与其逻辑主语Video
games之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词。if
left...是状语从句的省略形式。
04
其他
（2016·甲卷（全国Ⅱ））It
could
be
anything
—
gardening,
cooking,
music,
sports
—
but
whatever
it
is,
(make)
sure
it’s
a
relief
from
daily
stress
rather
than
another
thing
to
worry
about.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。
【答案】make
【叮嘱】其他特殊句式
(一)感叹句
感叹句常用来表示惊叹、赞美等的语气。感叹句常用于以下四个句型：
?What
smart
boys
(they
are)!
这些孩子多聪明啊！
?How
amusing
the
story
is！＝How
amusing
a
story
it
is!
这个故事太有趣了！
(二)祈使句
祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但通常省略。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don't，也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。祈使句的常见句型如下：
?One
more
day,
and
I'll
get
everything
ready.
再多给我一天，
我就会把一切准备好。
(三)There
be句型
1．不要把there
be句型误用作there
have/has。
2．在一些固定句式中，不要把there
be中的there误用作it。常见的there
be句型及相似句型有：
(2018·北京高考改编)In
any
unsafe
situation,
simply________(press)the
button
and
a
highly?trained
agent
will
get
you
the
help
you
need.
【答案】press
【解析】句意：在任何不安全的情况下，只要按一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会给你所需要的帮助。此题为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，所以用动词原形。
2.（2014·新课标全国Ⅱ改错）They
are
three
lessons
in
the
morning
and
two
in
the
afternoon.
【答案】They→There
【解析】考查There
be句型。根据句子结构来判断，要用There
be句型，意思是"有"。句意：在上午有三节课，下午有两节课。故把They改为There。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You
can
never
be
careful
enough
when
____________(take)
an
exam.
taking 解析 句意：考试时你越仔细越好。本句含有一个省略结构：when
taking
an
exam＝when
you
are
taking
an
exam。
2．It
rained
heavily
overnight
and
not
until
this
morning
____________
it
stop.
did 解析 句意：大雨下了一整夜，直到今天早晨才停了下来。not
until…置于句首，后面的句子需用倒装形式；本句介绍的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故填did。
3．Some
of
you
may
have
finished
Unit
One.If
____________,
you
can
go
on
to
Unit
Two.
so 解析 句意：你们中的一些人可能已经完成了第一单元。如果这样的话，你们可以继续第二单元。代替上面的情况，用so；if
so如果这样的话。
4．It
was
not
until
he
came
to
China
____________
he
knew
what
kind
of
a
country
she
was.
that 解析 句意：直到他来到中国，他才知道中国是个怎样的国家。此处是强调句，强调的是句子的状语部分。
5．Just
in
front
of
our
house
____________(stand)
a
tall
tree
with
a
history
of
1,000
years.
stands/stood 解析 句意：就在我们房子的前面矗立着一棵有1
000年历史的大树。表示地点的介词短语Just
in
front
of
our
house置于句首，且句子的主语为名词，句子要完全倒装，即主语a
tall
tree要放在谓语之后，故填stands或stood。
6．Try
hard
____________
I
might,
I
can
attach
no
definite
meaning
to
this
rather
complicated
sentence.
as/though 解析 句意：尽管我尽力尝试，我仍不能理解这个复杂句子的含义。本句是as/though引导让步状语从句，并引起倒装，从句中的动词、副词提前。
7．It
was
believed
by
the
ancient
Egyptians
that
intellect
was
to
the
mind
____________
sight
was
to
the
body.
what 解析 句意：古埃及人认为智慧对于心灵犹如视觉对于身体(一样重要)。这是一个表示类比的特殊句型，即A
is
to
B
what
C
is
to
D，表示前后的东西同样重要。
8．____________(call)
tomorrow
and
I'll
let
you
know
the
lab
result.
Call 解析 句意：明天打电话给我，我会让你知道实验的结果。此处考查“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式，故用动词原形。
Ⅱ.写作提能
一、补全句子
1．(2018·北京卷书面表达/省略)我坐在桌子旁，一边沏茶一边解释每一步过程。
I
sat
at
a
table,
explaining
every
step
of
the
process
__while
making
tea__.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达/so…that…，部分倒装)它们看起来如此迷人和生动，以至于我想你可能对它感兴趣。
__So
attractive
and
alive
do
they__look
that
I
think
you
could
be
interested
in
it.
3．(2016·北京卷书面表达)他的诗歌不仅对中国文学有很大的影响，而且还被译成多种外语。
Not
only
__do
his
poems
have
a
strong
influence
on__
the
Chinese
literature,
but
also
his
poems
have
been
translated
into
many
foreign
languages.
4．成为这个温暖的大家庭的一员，我是多么高兴啊！这是我记忆中最珍贵的时刻之一。
__How
happy
I
was
to
be
one
of
the
member
in
this
warm
family__!
This
is
one
of
the
most
treasured
moments
in
my
memory.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)It
will
not
only
be
a
great
opportunity
for
you
to
show
your
excellence,
but
also
we
can
cooperate
with
each
other
to
win
our
glory.
→(升级为倒装句)__Not
only
will
it
be
a
great
opportunity
for
you
to
show
your
excellence__,
but
also
we
can
cooperate
with
each
other
to
win
our
glory.
6．Get
up
early
tomorrow.
If
you
don't
get
up
early,
you
won't
catch
the
train
to
Beijing.
→(升级为省略句)Get
up
early
tomorrow.
__If
not,
you
won't
catch
the
train
to
Beijing__.
7．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)As
an
English
major,
my
learning
experience
contributes
to
my
free
communication
with
locals.
→(升级为强调句)As
an
English
major,
__it
is
my
learning
experience
that__
contributes
to
my
free
communication
with
locals.专题12
强调句型等特殊句式误用
（原卷版）
易错题【01】强调
易错题【02】倒装
易错题【03】省略
易错题【04】其他
01
强调
【2016·天津】You
are
waiting
at
a
wrong
place.
It
is
at
the
hotel
____
the
coach
picks
up
tourists.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
where
D.
that
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It
is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语
at
the
hotel。
故选D。
【答案】
D
【叮嘱】
强调
(一)强调谓语动词
用助动词do,
does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。
?She
did
tell
me
her
address,
but
I
forgot
all
about
it.
她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
(二)强调句型
1．强调句型的基本结构：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子中谓语以外的成分进行强调。当被强调部分指人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况一律用that。
?It
is
only
by
listening
to
and
understanding
each
other
that
problems
between
parents
and
children
can
be
settled.
只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才可能被解决。
【注意】
强调主语时，要注意连接词和谓语的一致性；谓语动词的形式仍与主语保持一致。
?It
is
our
teacher
who/that
helps
us
make
great
progress.
正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。
2．强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
?Was
it
yesterday
that
you
met
your
teacher
in
the
street?
你是昨天在大街上碰到你的老师的吗？
3．强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
?Why
was
it
that
you
didn't
come
to
the
meeting
yesterday?
究竟是因为什么你昨天没有来开会？
【提示】
由疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。
?She
doesn't
know
who
it
was
that
saved
her
son.
她不知道是谁救了她的儿子。
4．not…until的强调句型结构：It
is/was
not
until…＋that＋句子其他部分。
?It
was
not
until
the
next
day
that
I
learned
the
truth.
直到第二天，我才明白事情的真相。
5．强调句型与其他易混句式辨析：
(1)强调句和定语从句
在强调句型中that没有词义，且不作任何成分；定语从句中的that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。试比较：
①It
is
novels
that
Miss
Wang
enjoys
reading.(强调句)
②It
is
a
question
that
needs
careful
consideration.(定语从句)
在实际考查中，命题人可能会将定语从句隐藏于强调句型中进行考查，增加了题目难度。
(2)强调句和主语从句
强调句型去掉“it
is/was”和“that”之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句则不能。试比较：
①It's
there
that
the
accidents
often
happen.(强调句)
②It
is
said
that
English
is
being
accepted
as
an
international
language.(主语从句)
(3)强调句和时间状语从句
强调句型去掉“it
is/was”和“that”之后，句子结构仍然完整，而“it
is…when…”中，it指时间。试比较：
①It
was
at
six
o'clock
that
I
got
up
early.(强调句)
②It
was
six
o'clock
when
I
got
up
early.(状语从句)
（2015·湖南）It
was
when
we
were
returning
home
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
2.（2015·重庆）Bach
died
in
1750,
but
it
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized.
02
倒装
【2016·江苏】Not
until
recently
______the
development
of
tourist-related
activities
in
the
rural
areas.
A.
they
had
encouraged
B.
had
they
encouraged
C.
did
they
encourage
D.
they
encouraged
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查部分倒装。当not
until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
【答案】C
【叮嘱】倒装句
(一)部分倒装
部分倒装是把谓语的一部分提到主语前面，即把谓语部分的“助动词/情态动词/be动词”提到主语的前面，谓语的其他部分仍在主语后面。具体情况如下：
1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)和句型有：never,
seldom,
rarely,
little,
few,
at
no
time,
by
no
means,
no
longer,
hardly/scarcely…when…，
no
sooner…than…，
not
only…but
also…，
not
until,
nowhere,
neither…nor…等。
?John
talked
with
me
for
about
an
hour
yesterday.
Never
had
I
heard
him
talk
so
much.
John昨天和我谈了约一个小时，我从未听过他说那么多话。
2．表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。
?Lily
can't
play
table?tennis.
Neither/Nor
can
I.
Lily不会打乒乓球，我也不会。
3．so/such…that…结构中的so,
such
连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。
?So
difficult
did
I
find
it
to
work
out
the
problem
that
I
decided
to
ask
Tom
for
advice.
我觉得这个问题太难解决了，所以决定向Tom征求建议。
4．“only＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
?Only
after
my
friend
came
was
the
computer
repaired.
只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。
5．在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词要位于句首，构成倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。
?Child
as
he
was,
he
made
a
living
by
himself.
尽管他是个孩子，他却得自己谋生。
6．在虚拟条件句中，条件句中的if省略时，助动词had,
were,
should要提到主语前面。
?If
it
should
rain
tomorrow,
we
wouldn't
go
camping.
＝Should
it
rain
tomorrow,
we
wouldn't
go
camping.
如果明天下雨，我们就不去露营。
7．“may＋动词原形”表示祝愿时，通常将may置于句首，构成倒装语序。
?May
you
succeed.
祝你成功。
(二)完全倒装
谓语完全放在主语之前的句子，即完全倒装句。下列情形使用完全倒装句式：
1．here,
there,
now,
then,
out,
in,
up,
down,
away,
on
the
wall,
in
the
room
等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词(短语)置于句首，且主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装。
?Be
quick！Here
comes
the
bus.
快点，公共汽车来了！
【注意】
上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则句子用部分倒装。
?Away
they
went.
他们走了。
2．有时为平衡句子结构或突出、强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。
?Present
at
the
meeting
were
Professor
White
and
many
other
scholars.
出席会议的有White教授，还有许多其他学者。
3．such＋be＋主语
?Such
are
the
facts:
no
one
can
deny
them.
这些就是事实，没有人可以否认它们。
1.(2019·天津,12)The
professor
warned
tie
students
that
on
no
account
_____________
use
mobile
phones
in
his
class.
A.
should
they
B.
they
should
C.
dare
they
D.
they
dare
【2017·江苏卷】_______
not
for
the
support
of
the
teachers,
the
student
could
not
overcome
her
difficulty.
A.
It
were
B.
Were
it
C.
It
was
D.
Was
it
03
省略
【2018·新课标II卷】China's
approach
to
protecting
its
environment
while
___70___
(feed)
its
citizens
"offers
useful
lessons
for
agriculture
and
food
policymakers
worldwide."
says
the
bank's
Juergen
Voegele.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China
is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。
【答案】feeding
【叮嘱】省略
(一)状语从句中的省略
在as
if,
if,
though,
when,
where,
while,
no
matter
what,
until等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，且从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。
?Unless
(I
am)
invited,
I
won't
go
to
the
party.
除非被邀请，否则我是不会去参加那个派对的。
(二)动词不定式的省略
1．常在be
afraid,
be
glad,
forget,
hope,
intend,
like,
love,
mean,
prefer,
refuse,
seem,
try,
want,
wish等的后面省略动词不定式后面的内容，只保留to。
?—Will
you
join
in
the
game？你愿意一起做游戏吗？
—I'd
be
glad
to.我很乐意。
2．如果不定式中含有be,
have,
have
been，通常保留be,
have和have
been。
?—Are
you
a
sailor？你是一名海员吗？
—No,
but
I
used
to
be.不，但我过去是。
(三)so/not构成替代省略
英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在I'm
afraid/I
hope/I
think/I
guess/I
believe等后面，构成答句。
?—Do
you
think
it
will
rain？你认为会下雨吗？
—I
hope
so/not.我希望下/不下。
(四)常用的省略结构
常用的省略结构有：if
ever如果有过的话，
if
busy如果忙的话，
if
anything如果有什么不同，
if
possible如果可能的话，
if
so如果那样的话，
if
not如果不的话，
if
necessary如果必要的话。
1.【2016·江苏】—Only
those
who
have
a
lot
in
common
can
get
along
well.
—
.
Opposites
sometimes
do
attract.
A.
I
hope
not
B.
I
think
so
C.
I
appreciate
that
D.
I
beg
to
differ
2.（2015·湖南）Video
games
can
be
a
poor
influence
if
(leave)
in
the
wrong
hands.
04
其他
（2016·甲卷（全国Ⅱ））It
could
be
anything
—
gardening,
cooking,
music,
sports
—
but
whatever
it
is,
(make)
sure
it’s
a
relief
from
daily
stress
rather
than
another
thing
to
worry
about.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是句子结构分析不清楚。
【问诊】考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。
【答案】make
【叮嘱】其他特殊句式
(一)感叹句
感叹句常用来表示惊叹、赞美等的语气。感叹句常用于以下四个句型：
?What
smart
boys
(they
are)!
这些孩子多聪明啊！
?How
amusing
the
story
is！＝How
amusing
a
story
it
is!
这个故事太有趣了！
(二)祈使句
祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但通常省略。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don't，也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。祈使句的常见句型如下：
?One
more
day,
and
I'll
get
everything
ready.
再多给我一天，
我就会把一切准备好。
(三)There
be句型
1．不要把there
be句型误用作there
have/has。
2．在一些固定句式中，不要把there
be中的there误用作it。常见的there
be句型及相似句型有：
(2018·北京高考改编)In
any
unsafe
situation,
simply________(press)the
button
and
a
highly?trained
agent
will
get
you
the
help
you
need.
2.（2014·新课标全国Ⅱ改错）They
are
three
lessons
in
the
morning
and
two
in
the
afternoon.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You
can
never
be
careful
enough
when
____________(take)
an
exam.
2．It
rained
heavily
overnight
and
not
until
this
morning
____________
it
stop.
3．Some
of
you
may
have
finished
Unit
One.If
____________,
you
can
go
on
to
Unit
Two.
4．It
was
not
until
he
came
to
China
____________
he
knew
what
kind
of
a
country
she
was.
5．Just
in
front
of
our
house
____________(stand)
a
tall
tree
with
a
history
of
1,000
years.
6．Try
hard
____________
I
might,
I
can
attach
no
definite
meaning
to
this
rather
complicated
sentence.
7．It
was
believed
by
the
ancient
Egyptians
that
intellect
was
to
the
mind
____________
sight
was
to
the
body.
8．____________(call)
tomorrow
and
I'll
let
you
know
the
lab
result.
Ⅱ.写作提能
一、补全句子
1．(2018·北京卷书面表达/省略)我坐在桌子旁，一边沏茶一边解释每一步过程。
I
sat
at
a
table,
explaining
every
step
of
the
process
_________________________________.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达/so…that…，部分倒装)它们看起来如此迷人和生动，以至于我想你可能对它感兴趣。
________________________________look
that
I
think
you
could
be
interested
in
it.
3．(2016·北京卷书面表达)他的诗歌不仅对中国文学有很大的影响，而且还被译成多种外语。
Not
only
________________________________
the
Chinese
literature,
but
also
his
poems
have
been
translated
into
many
foreign
languages.
4．成为这个温暖的大家庭的一员，我是多么高兴啊！这是我记忆中最珍贵的时刻之一。
_
_________________________________!
This
is
one
of
the
most
treasured
moments
in
my
memory.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)It
will
not
only
be
a
great
opportunity
for
you
to
show
your
excellence,
but
also
we
can
cooperate
with
each
other
to
win
our
glory.
→(升级为倒装句)
_________________________________________________________________,
but
also
we
can
cooperate
with
each
other
to
win
our
glory.
6．Get
up
early
tomorrow.
If
you
don't
get
up
early,
you
won't
catch
the
train
to
Beijing.
→(升级为省略句)Get
up
early
tomorrow.
________________________________.
7．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)As
an
English
major,
my
learning
experience
contributes
to
my
free
communication
with
locals.
→(升级为强调句)As
an
English
major,
________________________________contributes
to
my
free
communication
with
locals.
