外研社七年级上Module3 My new school.语法课导学案

外研社七年级上Module3 My new school.语法课导学案
学习目标：1.可数名词变复数的规则。
2.There be句型的用法。
3.1-100基数词的写法。
课堂活动：
（一）可数名词的单数变复数规则（规则变化）:
①绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词词尾加s例如ｂａｇ—ｂａｇｓ，ａｐｐｌｅ－ａｐｐｌｅｓ；
②以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es。例如：family- families，dictionary- dictionaries；
③在以s，ss,sh，ch，x结尾的名词后加es。例如：class- classes，watch（手表）-watches；
④在以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为ves。例如：wife-wives，leaf-leaves；
⑤以o结尾的名词，有生命的加s，没有生命的加es。例如：piano-pianos，tomato-tomatoes，zoo-zoos。
可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）:
man-men；woman-women；child-children；chinese- chinese；Japanese- Japanese,tooth-teeth,foot-feet
（二）There be 句型归纳与练习
There be 句型
1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
2. 结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.
(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.
there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。
eg. ① There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。
3. There be句型与have的区别：
(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。 eg.
①He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。
②There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。
eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。
There be句型 变脸一：否定句
There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not，把some变为any即可。例如：
There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree.
There be句型 变脸二：一般疑问句
There be句型的一般疑问句变化口诀是：一调二变三问号。即把be动词调到句首，将句子中的some改为any,句末加问号。
There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars
There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water
There be 句型专练
一.根据所给汉语完成句子。
1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There _____ a book and two pens on the desk.
2. 钱包里有些钱。There ____ some money in the picture.
3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。____ _____ some cards in Jim’s bag.
4 我们学校有许多班。There _____ many _____ in our school.
5. 树上没有鸟。There _____ ______ birds in the tree.
二.选择填空：
1. Are there any maps on the wall ___
A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are.
2. How many ____ are there in the picture A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk
3. There aren’t ___ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much
4. There ___ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are
5. Are there ___ houses near the river Yes, there are ___ .
A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any
三.there be 与have区别专练。
1. This desk _____ four legs.
2. ______ some books on the desk.
3. Everyone ______ a dictionary in my class.
4. _______ (没有) knives in the room.
5. I _____ a new sweater.
6. ______ some flowers and a desk in the room.
7. ______ nothing in the bag.
8. They ______ something to eat.
基数词
英语中数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。
基数词 ： 表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下：
（1）．从1——10 one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．
（2）．从 11——19 eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen．
这里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen， eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
（3）．从 21——99 整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six
（4）．百位数 个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and．
注意以下词的写法：
1 one
2 two
3 three
4 four
5 five
6 six
7 seven
8 eight
9 nine
10 ten
11 eleven
12 twelve
13 thirteen
14 fourteen
15 fifteen
16 sixteen
17 seventeen
18 eighteen
19 nineteen
20 twenty
21 twenty-one
22 twenty-two
23 twenty-three
30 thirty
32 thirty-two
40 forty
50 fifty
60 sixty
70 seventy
80 eighty
90 ninety
100 hundred
下面是1-40的写法：
1 one
2 two
3 three
4 four
5 five
6 six
7 seven
8 eight
9 nine
10 ten
11 eleven
12 twelve
13 thirteen
14 fourteen
15 fifteen
16 sixteen
17 seventeen
18 eighteen
19 nineteen
20 twenty
21 twenty-one
22 twenty-two
23 twenty-three
24 twenty-four
25 twenty-five
26 twenty-six
27 twenty-seven
28 twenty-eight
29 twenty-nine
30 thirty
31 thirty-one
32 thirty-two
33 thirty-three
34 thirty-four
35 thirty-five
36 thirty-six
37 thirty-seven
38 thirty-eight
39 thirty-nine
40 forty