倒装句（必修五unit 4）

一. 教学内容：倒装句
［学习过程］
在近几年的高考中倒装句一直备受出题人的喜爱，因此为了便于同学们更好地备考，我们一起来看一看这几年出现的关于倒装句的考题。
请看下面几道高考题：
1. ________for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A. If it is not B. Were it not
C. Had it not been D. If they were not
2. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once________ with each other.
A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
由此，我们不难看出，“倒装句”已成了历届高考考查的热点。
“倒装句”就是为了语法结构的需要或为了强调而把谓语的一部分或全部提到主语的前面。倒装句有两种：
一、部分倒装
就是把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面。常见于下列几种情况：
1. only所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时。注意：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装。如：Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.
Only in this way ________to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope
C. can you hope D. did you hope
2. 含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。如：never, little, seldom, not, not only, not until, no sooner (…than), hardly (…when), rarely, scarcely, in no way等。如：Not only did we lose our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.
I finally got the work I dreamed about. Never in all my life________ so happy!
A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt
3. 在so…that, such…that句型中，若把so, such引导的结构放在句首时。如：So small were the words that he could hardly see them.
So difficult ________it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well.
A. I’ve felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel
4. 省略了if的虚拟条件句中，把were, had或should放在句首时。如：Were he younger(=If he were younger), he would learn skating.
________it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
5. 用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as (though)引导的让步状语从句中。注意：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词；主谓并不倒装。如：Old as he is, he is full of energy.
________, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much
C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much
6. 由however, no matter how引导的让步状语从句中，把however+形容词/副词，no matter how+形容词/副词放在句首时。
二、全部倒装
就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。注意：谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。常见于下列几种情况：
1. 把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。
I like reading English, so does he.
2. 把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。
3. 用于以地点副词here, there,方位副词out, in, up, down及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里，以示强调。注意：主语为代词时，不能全部倒装。
There goes the bell.
Look! Here they come.
Away went the crowd one by one.
Then came the man we had been looking for.
4. 当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。注意：谓语多为be, lie, sit, stand, come, walk等不及物动词；倒装时不需要助动词。
Under the table are three white cats.
South of the city lies a big factory.
5.表语置于句首时，倒装结构为"表语+系动词+主语"。
（1）形容词+系动词+主语
Present at the meeting was Mr. Green, a headmaster.
（2）过去分词+系动词+主语
Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.
（3）介词短语+系动词+主语
In front of the playground is a newly-built house.
6. 有时由于主语较长，谓语很短，为保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。
They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man.
7. 在一些表示祝愿的句子里。
Long live the Communist Party of China!
【模拟试题】（答题时间：20分钟）
1. _____can you expect to get a pay rise.
A. With hard work B. Although work hard
C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
2. ____, mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
3. Not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize
4. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn’t realize B. did I realize C. I didn’t realize D. I realized
5. —Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother
— I don’t know, _______.
A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care
C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also
6. Only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to waste much time.
A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you
7. Not until the early years of the19th century _____ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn’t man know D. did man know
8. _____got into the room, _____ the telephone rang.
A. He hardly; then B. Hardly had he; when
C. He had not; then D. Not had he; when
9. ______ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
10. —I don’t think I can walk any further.
—_____, let’s stop here for a rest.
A. Neither can I B. Neither do I C. I didn’t think so D. I think so
11. Only in this way ______ do it well.
A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can
12. Hardly ____ when it began to rain.
A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive
13. Jack is a student and studies at the No. 2 Middle School. _____.
A. It was the same with Mike B. So it is with Mike
C. So is Mike D. So does Mike
14. ______, I would have given you his address.
A. If you asked me B. You had asked me
C. Should you have asked me D. Had you asked me
15. _____ that they had made an important discovery in science.
A. Little they realized B. They had realized little
C. Little did they realize D. Little had they realized
16. ______ that I couldn’t be absorbed in the work.
A. They made such talked B. So loudly they talked
C. It was noise outside D. Such a loud noise did they make
17. Many a time _____ me good advice.
A. he gave B. does he give C. he has given D. has he given
18. ____ have I seen a better performance.
A. Everywhere B. Nowhere else C. Everywhere else D. Nowhere
19. Not a single word ____ at the beginning.
A. did he say B. has he said C. he said D. he has said
20. Only in an hour ago ____ out why he was absent.
A. did the teacher found B. the teacher found
C. did the teacher find D. had the teacher found
21. _____the plane.
A. Flew down B. Down flew C. Down was flying D. Down fly
22. Hardly _____ when the bus suddenly pulled away.
A. they had got to the bus stop B. they got to the bus stop
C. did they get to the bus stop D. had they got to the bus stop
23. ______ I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
A. If B. Unless C. Had D. When
24. Not only ______ a promise ,but he also kept it.
A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes
25. ______ I would see you here.
A. Little I dreamed B. Little do I dream
C. I dreamed little D. Little did I dream
26. There ____ .
A. come they B. they come C. they are come D. they will come
27. ______ that he could not speak for a long time.
A. So frightened was he B. So frightened he was
C. Was he so frightened D. Frightened was he
28. Only when class began ______ that he had left his book at home.
A. will he realize B. he did realize
C. did he realize D. should he realize
29. Only when you have finished your homework _____ go home.
A. can you B. would you C. you will D. you can
30. Seldom ____ any mistakes during my past few years of working here.
A. would I make B. did I make C. I did make D. shall I make
【试题答案】
1. 倒装句，答案为C。
2. 状语从句的语序应是正常语序，故A、C排除，连词however后必须紧跟形容词或副词，D是正确答案。
3. not until引导状语从句位于句首时，主句要倒装，答案为A 。
4. 本题考查以否定词开头并修饰状语时的主谓语序，这时原状语可以是副词或介词短语，还可以是从句，而主谓的语序为部分倒装，答案为B。
5. 本题考查neither 或nor连接句子时语序的倒装，答案为B。
6. 答案为D。
7. 答案为D。
8. hardly...when和no sooner ...than是两个固定句型，前半部分置于句首，其后分句要倒装，答案为B 。
9. 答案为B 。
10. 答案为B。
11. only引导的介词短语或从句位于句首修饰状语时，句子谓语要部分倒装，答案为C。
12. 部分倒装，答案为A。
13. 答案为B。
14. 答案为D。
15. 副词little位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为C。
16. 答案为D。
17. many修饰名词并位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为D。
18. 答案为D。
19. 答案为A。
20. only修饰介词短语，并位于句首时,句子要倒装，答案为C。
21. 答案为B。
22. 答案为D。
23. 虚拟语气的倒装形式，答案为C。
24. 答案为C。
25. 答案为D。
26. there放于句首，主语是代词时，主语和谓语的位置不变，仍保留陈述句式，答案为B。
27. 答案为A。
28. 答案为C。
29. only修饰句子的状语，位于句首，要部分倒装。若only修饰的状语从句不倒装，则主句要倒装，答案为A。
30. 由否定词never, not, hardly, little, seldom, rarely, nowhere和否定意义的短语in no way, in no case, at no time, by no means等引起的句子，常用倒装语序，答案为B。