新世纪英语高二上unit3 Sports heroes单元同步练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 新世纪英语高二上unit3 Sports heroes单元同步练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-11-19 16:31:14 | ||
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Unit Three Sports Heroes
A．基础练习
I. Write down the words according to the definitions.
1. with one's mind firmly made up
2. having experience; having knowledge or skill as a result to experience
3. ____________left alone without anyone in charge
4. in a determined manner
5. to move top half of one's body so that it is not straight or upright
6. making people feel afraid or nervous
II．Words transformation.
eg: experience(n.) - (adj. )experienced
2. Brazilian (adj. ) - (n. )________
4. helpless(adj. ) - (adv. )________
6. win(v.) - (n. )
1. glove(v. ) - (n.)
3. determination(n.) - (adj.)
5. guard(n. ) - (v.) _____________
2. 攻其不备 _________
4. 不顾一切___________
6.在最后一瞬间__________
8. 公寓大楼 _____________
III. Translate the phrases. .
1.听任摆布
3.以……为代价____________
5.灰心_______________
7. (为别人做的)零活_______________
9.连续__________ 10. 永远
11.下定决心做某事_______ 12. 参与/忙于_______
13.为……欢呼________ 14. 追逐追踪________
15.为……而赚钱_____ 16. at the cost of________
17.the whole stadium_____________ 18. pretend to do sth._________
19. at sb. 's mercy ______________ 20. dare to do sth.___________
21. gather up________________ 22. in the seventeenth round__________
23. be about to do sth._____________
IV.Complete the following sentences using one of the phrases mentioned above.
1.The soldier saved the drowning boy his life.
2.This is the third Friday that it's rained.
The boy be doing his homework when his mother came in.
All through his life, he has been fame and money.
When she see the film, it suddenly rained.
He doing his homework yesterday.
The champion had the other boxer .
The lady visit the famous pianist in that situation.
These children are their toys with the help of their teachers.
10. It seems that they are staying here .
V. Verb
Directions:Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given.
It was night. The moon looked like a round mirror (hang)in the sky.
Mr. Johnson considered those days (spend)in China the happiest ones in all his life.
May Day is drawing near. A celebration is (hold)in our school.
I'm sorry I couldn't get in touch with him before he left. I (phone) him earlier.
Missing the train means (wait)for another hour.
Once _ (speak)out, it can't be taken back.
How Wilma helped ______(win) the relay for the US team in the Olympics _____(be) well known.
He __________ (compel) by illness to stop his experiment.
The lecture is well worth (listen)to.
Don't leave your things (lie) about when you go out of the bedroom.
VI. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.
他因病被迫停止了实验。(compel)
_________________________________________ his experiment.
2. 被裁判(referee) 判了个犯规，那位足球运动员当场发起脾气来。(用分词作原因状语)
___________________, the footballer immediately __________________.
3. 命运跟他开了个玩笑,在他第一次参加国际比赛时，他受了重伤。 (play a trick)
Fate ___________________ when he ________________at his first international game.
4. 重要的不是你在考试中得了几分，而是你是否努力了。 (matter)
_______________ not what score you have got in the examination, but _______________.
小男孩伸手拿书架上的字典,结果打碎了上面的花瓶。 (reach for)
The little boy ______________________________________, only to break a vase on it.
B．综合提高练习
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Hungry Students Get Healthy Choices
It is a well-known scientific fact that teenagers eat 50 percent more than the average person. Well, actually three meals a day just isn’t enough 1. _________ (satisfy) their endless hunger.
Recently Tongji University 2. _________(decide) to keep its canteens open till 11 p.m. and to serve healthy meals at affordable prices. Fu Qinjun, the director of the university’s food services, 3. _________ (quote) as saying, “Students are usually hungry after studying late into the night, but our canteens used to stop service after 7 p.m. That’s 4. _________ students turned to outside vendors (小贩) but the quality and safety of the food is not good enough.”
This is good news for the students 5._________ now have healthy late-night choices for their diet instead of relying on fast food and the snacks available at convenience stores. Those foods tend to contain a lot of salt, fat and sugar which set off pleasure receptors (感受器) in our brains but are basically unhealthy when 6. _________ (eat) in excess and can make us fat.
If you’re a boarding student, you probably know about fat because you have likely put on a little weight since you started school. In North America, this phenomenon is called the “Freshman Fifteen.” 7. _________ refers to the fact that many students gain up to fifteen pounds during the first year they are away from home. Without mum 8. _________ (look) after them, they tend to eat more than they should.
For young people, though, having a healthy appetite is a good thing. Your body keeps growing until about the age of twenty-one, so you need to eat. However, it’s important to learn how to eat well. So, kudos (赞誉) to Tongji University for helping students fill their bottomless pits (无底洞) 9. _________ healthy food. And now maybe the university will keep its gym open late at night 10. _________ _________ students can walk off some of those extra calories!
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
frequently B. incorrect C. reported D. careful E.highly F. solved
G. training H. confident I. knowledge J.process K.fight
Reading is your easiest way to " feel " English. It is not painful, but helps a lot. There are too many materials for you to read and you must select those you find useful, appropriate and have interest in. Besides printed materials, you can also do Web reading. Newspapers and magazines are ____1____ recommended for extensive reading, because the things ____2____ in them are always changing, so you should never get bored of that. You can learn English quickly by seeing English films ____3____ , or watching English television and videos daily. . Pick shows that interest you and try to imitate how they pronounce the words.
Also, try to find people to practise English. Language is for communication, which is an interactive (交互的) ____4____ . The best practice is conversation. You should socialize with those skillful in the language. The more you speak, the more comfortable and ____5____ you are with English. Of course, you can also take some intensive ____ 6___ through special tutorials, in which some of your problems would be ____7____ and you are taught some more.
However, you have to be __8__ in finding where you " learn " your English. Someone who misleads you by giving wrong guidance would spoil your English learning. You could pick up a lot of bad habits and___9__ grammar from TV or newspapers / magazines that go rather informal sometimes. If you want to go better at English, you should ___10 against those presistent and chronic habits and get them fixed.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. _______
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Do Brain Training Games Work?
With an ageing population worried about cognitive(认知的) decline, brain training apps have soared in popularity. Search “brain training”, and you will find (41)________ apps and websites promising to make you mentally agile( 敏捷的). In the same way that we might go to the gym to exercise, a daily mental (42)________is said to produce physical changes in the brain. All you will have to do is to (43)________ a few minutes each day to complete puzzles, memory games and word quizzes.
At least that’s the idea. And there are a lot of people who are (44)________ into it. In 2018, consumers spent an estimated $1.9 billion on brain training apps—a fourfold increase from 2012. Of course, smartphones were not the original home for brain training games. (45)________, Nintendo recently released its fourth all-time best-selling game, Brain Age, and brought it to the Switch in Japan last month. The idea of improving mental fitness clearly has widespread appeal, but is it based on scientific evidence or (46)________marketing promises?
In 2014, the Stanford Center on Longevity published an open letter (47)________by 69 international neuroscientists( 神经科学家) and cognitive psychologists. There is no convincing scientific evidence, the experts argued, that playing brain games improves cognitive abilities in everyday life.
Two years later, another team of psychologists reviewed every scientific study cited by major brain training companies (48)________ their products. They questioned not only how the evidence had been reported and interpreted, but the way many of the studies had been designed. The (49)________included small sample sizes, inadequate control groups, and cherry-picking(挑选最有利的) research outcomes to (50)________.
If the science is so (51)________ flawed (错误的), why do people feel the need to train their brains with these apps and games?
That’s (52)________, according to Til Wykes, a professor at King’s College London. Nintendo’s Brain Age game, for instance, assigns players a score based on their gaming performance. They might start with a “brain age” score of 60 and after a few weeks of (53)________, will be told they have reduced it to 40. For some people, there is clearly some positive reward for seeing themselves improve over time. Wykes stresses, (54)________, that for people who are really worried about their cognition, learning a new language would be more beneficial, which has been shown to improve brain (55)________.
41. A. endless B. advanced C. protective D. imaginary
42. A. outcome B. tryout C. workout D. outlook
43. A. set out B. set back C. set off D. set aside
44. A buying B. engaging C. overlooking D. inquiring
45. A. By contrast B. For instance C. Of course D. In conclusion
46. A. reliable B. precious C. secret D. empty
47. A. signed B. secured C. received D. sought
48. A. in presence of B. in support of C. in case of D. in memory of
49. A. expectation B. solution C. criticism D. standard
50. A. report B. design C. produce D. negotiate
51. A. effortlessly B. temporarily C. seriously D. unfairly
52. A. dependable B. understandable C. comparable D. achievable
53. A. experiment B. theory C. practice D. performance
54. A. altogether B. therefore C. however D. likewise
55. A. movement B. cooperation C. evaluation D. function
Section B
(A)
Traffic jam and cities, it seems, go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic; but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized for failing to solve traffic jam.
But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long queues at restaurants or theater box offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an unpreventable by-product of successful cities, and view the "traffic problem" in a different light.
Cities exist because they promote social interactions and economic transactions (交易) .
Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities don't have much traffic. New York and Los Angeles are America's most crowded cities. But if you want access to major stock markets, you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your firm needs access to satellite-guidance engineers, you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through less crowded roads elsewhere.
Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social interactions and economic transactions can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, traffic jam is an unfortunate consequence of prosperity, not a cause of economic decline and urban decay. So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities, the costs of inaccessibility in uncrowded places are almost certainly greater.
There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental damage in places like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lower here in the US, even in our most crowded cities. That's why, for now, we don't see people streaming out of San Francisco and Chicago, heading for cities like Phoenix, and Cleveland.
56. We can conclude from the first paragraph that _________.
A. traffic jam and weather are the two factors preventing the development of a big city
B. traffic jam seems to be very difficult to deal with
C. if traffic engineers try their best, traffic jam can be solved
D. public officials are always criticized for misusing their power
57. According to the passage, what's the author's opinion towards traffic jam?
A. Traffic jam is unavoidable in large cities.
B. Traffic jam is both a sign of success and a sign of failure.
C. Traffic jam is the consequence of successful cities.
D. Traffic jam is not unpreventable for a successful city.
58. According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Crowded cities tend to promote economic transactions.
B. New York and Los Angeles have less limited spaces than other cities.
C. The satellite-guidance engineers are needed most by the firms in LA.
D. Despite the traffic jam in LA, it's easier to reach your destination than in other cities.
59. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Traffic jam has caused terrible bad effects in cities such as Bangkok and Lagos.
B. The traffic jam in San Francisco has resulted in the city becoming empty.
C. The traffic jam level in Chicago is lower than that in Cleveland.
D. Phoenix is as crowded and successful as San Francisco.
(B)
CALIFORNIA STATE COLLEGE
WORKING CONDITIONS AND BENEFITS FOR EMPLOYEES
Payday
Employees are paid every other Friday. If Friday is a holiday, payday will be the following Monday. Generally, employees pick up the pay checks in their department; if not, they may be picked at the business office.
Overtime
All the worked over eight hours in one day and forty hours in a workweek, and also the first eight hours worked on the seventh day of work in a workweek is considered overtime for non-exempt employees. The supervisor must approve all overtime before overtime occurs. Hours in excess of eight hours on the seventh day and in excess of twelve hours in one day will be paid at double time. Exempt employees receive no additional compensation for overtime hours.
Parking
All employees who will be parking in a staff parking zone must obtain a parking permit. A monthly pre-tax payroll deduction can be made by visiting Human Resources. If you wish to pay cash, present your staff I.D. card and license number to the Cashier’s office. The Safety Department will ticket cars without a parking permit and a fine will be applied.
Holidays
All regular and temporary full-time employees generally receive approximately 13 paid holidays during the course of each calendar year. Regular part-time employees will receive holiday benefits worked out using a prorated system. The holiday schedule is initiated annually.
Personal Holiday
Each employed is granted one extra day as a Personal Holiday at the time of hire, and at the beginning of each calendar year. Personal Holiday hours must be taken at one time (eight hours full-time or prorated based on the employee’s time). Employees requesting Personal Holiday will be required to complete “Leave Request’ forms. No more than one Personal Holiday is authorized annually.
60. How often will an employee generally get paid?
A. Every Friday. B. Every two weeks.
C. Every week. D. Every other Monday.
61. Who has the authority to approve the overtime an employee wishes to do?
A. Cashier. B. Safety department officer.
C. Supervisor. D. Human resources officer.
62. Where should employees go if they wish to have the parking charge taken off their salary?
A. Human Resources. B. Business Office.
C. Cashier’s Office. D. Safety Department.
(C)
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A.Indeed, education is not only lectures and seminars.
B.However, our study revealed no difference in the following aspects.?
C.They clearly know that interpersonal relationships at work play a critical role in career success.?
D.They tend to excessively focus on the instrumental tasks, paying insufficient attention to interpersonal relationships.
E.We also found several reasons why the graduates from the top universities performed better than those from the lower-ranked schools.
F.We observed the students’ performance for two months as they were working in global virtual teams on real-life business consulting projects.
Top College Graduates Get Paid More, but do They Perform Better?
It’s generally believed that better universities attract better students and provide better training, so it makes sense to use the university rank as a predictor of employee performance. But is it a good hiring strategy? Do university rankings predict job performance? Our research suggests yes — but only to a degree.
In a recent study, we tested the relationship between the university rank and performance of graduates. We tracked the performance of 28,339 students from 294 universities that ranked from Top 10 to about top 20,000 in the Webometrics global university rankings. (63)______Importantly, we captured not only the quality of the output, but a wide range of hard and soft competencies including cooperation with team members, leadership, language proficiency, technical skills, emotional intelligence, creativity, and more.
Our results offer some comfort to the traditional recruiters. After controlling for age, gender, and the year of study, we found that graduates from higher-ranked universities performed better, but only nominally and only on some dimensions of performance.
(64)________The first was selection: higher-ranked universities usually can choose from a larger pool of applicants, which leads to steeper competition and a higher quality of the incoming class. Corroborating the selectivity hypothesis, our data demonstrated that students at higher-ranked universities indeed score higher on general cognitive ability tests, have more international experience, better English proficiency, and higher cultural intelligence.
Second, higher-ranked universities should provide better training. Top universities employ better instructors, offer access to better-equipped facilities, attract better speakers and guests to campus, which in turn, should lead to better training and subsequent performance.
Finally, it might be expected that higher-ranked institutions might provide a more stimulating academic environment. (65)__________ Having notable, hardworking, celebrity-status professors, along with being around intelligent, highly-motivated, achievement-oriented peers, positively affects self-efficacy, motivation, effort, and work ethic.
Despite their slightly better overall performance, hiring graduates from higher-ranked institutions could have a downside. Our data suggest that students from higher-ranked universities might damage team cooperation, sometimes carelessly. (66)_______ In some instances, graduates from top universities tend to be less friendly, are more prone to conflict, and are less likely to identify with their team.
III. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
无论下雨还是不下雨，我们都做早操。(whether)
大家都不喜欢他和老师说话的方式。（the way）
说实话，打网球并不是我最喜欢的运动。(To be honest)
尽管你犯了很多错误，我还是把你当成我最好的朋友。(Despite)
5、好的英语运用能力使他具备了当一名英语教师的资格。(command, qualify)
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Envy
It’s a familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Your friend is made the team for Saturday’s big game, and you take a certain pleasure in telling him you can’t be there to watch him play. You smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?
Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friend's bridesmaid! Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury, so you can take his place on the team?
Envy is everywhere. It seems to be in our nature to hate others' gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldn't have.
Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we don’t possess now. Worse still, we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone's losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotions.
So, is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to get rid of this most ungenerous emotion? Well, why not make envy the motivation you need for self-improvement? The best weapon against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.
Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique. Make an agreement with yourself to be the best you can be. Then find the qualities in others that cause your envy. Is it someone’s singing voice, their work promotion, their new car? Envy shows us the things we’d like to have. So, make a plan to earn what's important to you.
And aim for genuine pleasure in the achievements and good fortune of others. Cheer on your friend when he scores that goal. Enjoy your best friend’s wedding day. Then go out and do something special, and make yourself wonderfully proud of you.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
某电视台计划推出一个新的电视综艺节目（variety programme），但为了更好地迎合观众的需求，该电视台向观众广泛征求意见。假设你是观众陈方，写一封电子邮件给该电视台的负责人王先生，表达你对新的电视综艺节目的建议，并陈述你的理由。邮件内容应包括：
综艺节目的名字、针对的观众群体、主要内容及形式等；
提出这些建议的理由。
注：邮件中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys
Unit Three Shorts Heroes
基础练习
. 1. determined 2. experienced 3. unattended 4. stubbornly 5. bend 6. frightening
II. 1. glove 2. Brazil 3. determined 4. helplessly 5. guard 6. winner
III.
. at somebody's mercy 2. catch sb. off his guard 3. at the cost of
throw all caution to the winds 5. lose heart 6. at the last instant 7. odd jobs 8. apartment house 9. in a row 10. for good 11. be determined to do sth. 12. be engaged in 13. cheer for 14. run after 15. make money 16. 以 为代价 17. 整个看台 18. 假装做某事 19.听任摆布 20. 敢于做某事 21.收集抬起抱起
22.在第17个回合 23.正打算要做
IV.
1. at the cost of 2. in a row 3. pretended to 4. running after 5. was about to 6. was engaged in 7. at his mercy 8. was determined to 9. gathering up 10. for good
V.1. hanging 2. spent 3. to be held 4. should have phoned 5. waiting 6. spoken
7. win/to win; is 8. was/has been compelled 9. listening 10. lying
1. He was/has been compelled by illness to stop his experiment.
Laid a foul on by the referee, the footballer immediately lost his temper on the scene.
3.Fate played a trick on him when he was badly injured at his first international game.
4. What matters is not what score you have got in the examination, but whether you have studied hard.
5. The little boy reached for the dictionary on the shelf, only to break a vase on it.
B．综合提高练习
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
1. to satisfy 2. has decided 3. was quoted 4. why 5. that / who
6. eaten 7. It 8. looking 9. with 10. so that
Section B
1. E 2. C 43. A 4. J 5. H 6. G 7. F 8. D 9. B 10 K
II. Reading comprehension
Section A
41—45 ACDAB 46—50 DABCA 51—55 CBCCD
Section B
(A) BCDA (B) BCA (C) FEAD
III.Translation
1. Whether it rains or not, we will do our morning exercise.
2. Nobody likes the way he speaks to the teachers.
3. To be honest, playing tennis is not my favorite sport.
4, Despite your many mistakes, I still regard you as my best friend.
5. A good command of English qualified him as a teacher of English.
IV. 概要Summary：
Envy is a common but unpleasant feeling, which is a secret hidden in our heart. This nature usually arises when we can't get what we want and even take delight in others' losing it. To avoid this negative feeling, firstly try to transform envy into motivation to improve ourselves. Besides, accept your unique talents gladly. Finally, appreciate others' achievements sincerely.
V. Guided Writing （参考范文）
Dear Mr. Wang,
Recently I have been informed that the television station is receiving/seeking practical advice from the audience on determining a brand-new variety programme. I am pretty in favor of such measure because today’s media is filled with too many similar kinds of programmes that follow a newborn concept, resulting in numerous programmes of the same kind. Here I want to convey my own opinion on it.
I would entitle my program with the name of “You Are the Genius”, which aims at teenagers in Shanghai. With the advancement of comprehensive assessment criteria, more and more students are eager to know about everything besides what they learn in schools. The establishment of such programme can beneficially promote their willingness to absorb knowledge in a relatively-acceptable way because it is presented on TVs, not in a forceful way. In addition, since the students are more or less in the same age, especially peers and friends, they may be more interested in them and in the long run can cultivate their sense of competitiveness. Such situation can be realized through a more exciting programme mode, which involves three stages. The first stage is competition in schools, and then the winners come to the second round, in which schools from the whole city compete on a larger scale. Finally the contestants are invited to have the final race on TV. Typical contents of the programme can vary, or it can be determined by the audience.
I would like to hear from you and your sincere and practical suggestion are highly appreciated.
Yours,
Chen Fang
A．基础练习
I. Write down the words according to the definitions.
1. with one's mind firmly made up
2. having experience; having knowledge or skill as a result to experience
3. ____________left alone without anyone in charge
4. in a determined manner
5. to move top half of one's body so that it is not straight or upright
6. making people feel afraid or nervous
II．Words transformation.
eg: experience(n.) - (adj. )experienced
2. Brazilian (adj. ) - (n. )________
4. helpless(adj. ) - (adv. )________
6. win(v.) - (n. )
1. glove(v. ) - (n.)
3. determination(n.) - (adj.)
5. guard(n. ) - (v.) _____________
2. 攻其不备 _________
4. 不顾一切___________
6.在最后一瞬间__________
8. 公寓大楼 _____________
III. Translate the phrases. .
1.听任摆布
3.以……为代价____________
5.灰心_______________
7. (为别人做的)零活_______________
9.连续__________ 10. 永远
11.下定决心做某事_______ 12. 参与/忙于_______
13.为……欢呼________ 14. 追逐追踪________
15.为……而赚钱_____ 16. at the cost of________
17.the whole stadium_____________ 18. pretend to do sth._________
19. at sb. 's mercy ______________ 20. dare to do sth.___________
21. gather up________________ 22. in the seventeenth round__________
23. be about to do sth._____________
IV.Complete the following sentences using one of the phrases mentioned above.
1.The soldier saved the drowning boy his life.
2.This is the third Friday that it's rained.
The boy be doing his homework when his mother came in.
All through his life, he has been fame and money.
When she see the film, it suddenly rained.
He doing his homework yesterday.
The champion had the other boxer .
The lady visit the famous pianist in that situation.
These children are their toys with the help of their teachers.
10. It seems that they are staying here .
V. Verb
Directions:Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given.
It was night. The moon looked like a round mirror (hang)in the sky.
Mr. Johnson considered those days (spend)in China the happiest ones in all his life.
May Day is drawing near. A celebration is (hold)in our school.
I'm sorry I couldn't get in touch with him before he left. I (phone) him earlier.
Missing the train means (wait)for another hour.
Once _ (speak)out, it can't be taken back.
How Wilma helped ______(win) the relay for the US team in the Olympics _____(be) well known.
He __________ (compel) by illness to stop his experiment.
The lecture is well worth (listen)to.
Don't leave your things (lie) about when you go out of the bedroom.
VI. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.
他因病被迫停止了实验。(compel)
_________________________________________ his experiment.
2. 被裁判(referee) 判了个犯规，那位足球运动员当场发起脾气来。(用分词作原因状语)
___________________, the footballer immediately __________________.
3. 命运跟他开了个玩笑,在他第一次参加国际比赛时，他受了重伤。 (play a trick)
Fate ___________________ when he ________________at his first international game.
4. 重要的不是你在考试中得了几分，而是你是否努力了。 (matter)
_______________ not what score you have got in the examination, but _______________.
小男孩伸手拿书架上的字典,结果打碎了上面的花瓶。 (reach for)
The little boy ______________________________________, only to break a vase on it.
B．综合提高练习
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Hungry Students Get Healthy Choices
It is a well-known scientific fact that teenagers eat 50 percent more than the average person. Well, actually three meals a day just isn’t enough 1. _________ (satisfy) their endless hunger.
Recently Tongji University 2. _________(decide) to keep its canteens open till 11 p.m. and to serve healthy meals at affordable prices. Fu Qinjun, the director of the university’s food services, 3. _________ (quote) as saying, “Students are usually hungry after studying late into the night, but our canteens used to stop service after 7 p.m. That’s 4. _________ students turned to outside vendors (小贩) but the quality and safety of the food is not good enough.”
This is good news for the students 5._________ now have healthy late-night choices for their diet instead of relying on fast food and the snacks available at convenience stores. Those foods tend to contain a lot of salt, fat and sugar which set off pleasure receptors (感受器) in our brains but are basically unhealthy when 6. _________ (eat) in excess and can make us fat.
If you’re a boarding student, you probably know about fat because you have likely put on a little weight since you started school. In North America, this phenomenon is called the “Freshman Fifteen.” 7. _________ refers to the fact that many students gain up to fifteen pounds during the first year they are away from home. Without mum 8. _________ (look) after them, they tend to eat more than they should.
For young people, though, having a healthy appetite is a good thing. Your body keeps growing until about the age of twenty-one, so you need to eat. However, it’s important to learn how to eat well. So, kudos (赞誉) to Tongji University for helping students fill their bottomless pits (无底洞) 9. _________ healthy food. And now maybe the university will keep its gym open late at night 10. _________ _________ students can walk off some of those extra calories!
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
frequently B. incorrect C. reported D. careful E.highly F. solved
G. training H. confident I. knowledge J.process K.fight
Reading is your easiest way to " feel " English. It is not painful, but helps a lot. There are too many materials for you to read and you must select those you find useful, appropriate and have interest in. Besides printed materials, you can also do Web reading. Newspapers and magazines are ____1____ recommended for extensive reading, because the things ____2____ in them are always changing, so you should never get bored of that. You can learn English quickly by seeing English films ____3____ , or watching English television and videos daily. . Pick shows that interest you and try to imitate how they pronounce the words.
Also, try to find people to practise English. Language is for communication, which is an interactive (交互的) ____4____ . The best practice is conversation. You should socialize with those skillful in the language. The more you speak, the more comfortable and ____5____ you are with English. Of course, you can also take some intensive ____ 6___ through special tutorials, in which some of your problems would be ____7____ and you are taught some more.
However, you have to be __8__ in finding where you " learn " your English. Someone who misleads you by giving wrong guidance would spoil your English learning. You could pick up a lot of bad habits and___9__ grammar from TV or newspapers / magazines that go rather informal sometimes. If you want to go better at English, you should ___10 against those presistent and chronic habits and get them fixed.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. _______
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Do Brain Training Games Work?
With an ageing population worried about cognitive(认知的) decline, brain training apps have soared in popularity. Search “brain training”, and you will find (41)________ apps and websites promising to make you mentally agile( 敏捷的). In the same way that we might go to the gym to exercise, a daily mental (42)________is said to produce physical changes in the brain. All you will have to do is to (43)________ a few minutes each day to complete puzzles, memory games and word quizzes.
At least that’s the idea. And there are a lot of people who are (44)________ into it. In 2018, consumers spent an estimated $1.9 billion on brain training apps—a fourfold increase from 2012. Of course, smartphones were not the original home for brain training games. (45)________, Nintendo recently released its fourth all-time best-selling game, Brain Age, and brought it to the Switch in Japan last month. The idea of improving mental fitness clearly has widespread appeal, but is it based on scientific evidence or (46)________marketing promises?
In 2014, the Stanford Center on Longevity published an open letter (47)________by 69 international neuroscientists( 神经科学家) and cognitive psychologists. There is no convincing scientific evidence, the experts argued, that playing brain games improves cognitive abilities in everyday life.
Two years later, another team of psychologists reviewed every scientific study cited by major brain training companies (48)________ their products. They questioned not only how the evidence had been reported and interpreted, but the way many of the studies had been designed. The (49)________included small sample sizes, inadequate control groups, and cherry-picking(挑选最有利的) research outcomes to (50)________.
If the science is so (51)________ flawed (错误的), why do people feel the need to train their brains with these apps and games?
That’s (52)________, according to Til Wykes, a professor at King’s College London. Nintendo’s Brain Age game, for instance, assigns players a score based on their gaming performance. They might start with a “brain age” score of 60 and after a few weeks of (53)________, will be told they have reduced it to 40. For some people, there is clearly some positive reward for seeing themselves improve over time. Wykes stresses, (54)________, that for people who are really worried about their cognition, learning a new language would be more beneficial, which has been shown to improve brain (55)________.
41. A. endless B. advanced C. protective D. imaginary
42. A. outcome B. tryout C. workout D. outlook
43. A. set out B. set back C. set off D. set aside
44. A buying B. engaging C. overlooking D. inquiring
45. A. By contrast B. For instance C. Of course D. In conclusion
46. A. reliable B. precious C. secret D. empty
47. A. signed B. secured C. received D. sought
48. A. in presence of B. in support of C. in case of D. in memory of
49. A. expectation B. solution C. criticism D. standard
50. A. report B. design C. produce D. negotiate
51. A. effortlessly B. temporarily C. seriously D. unfairly
52. A. dependable B. understandable C. comparable D. achievable
53. A. experiment B. theory C. practice D. performance
54. A. altogether B. therefore C. however D. likewise
55. A. movement B. cooperation C. evaluation D. function
Section B
(A)
Traffic jam and cities, it seems, go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic; but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized for failing to solve traffic jam.
But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long queues at restaurants or theater box offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an unpreventable by-product of successful cities, and view the "traffic problem" in a different light.
Cities exist because they promote social interactions and economic transactions (交易) .
Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities don't have much traffic. New York and Los Angeles are America's most crowded cities. But if you want access to major stock markets, you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your firm needs access to satellite-guidance engineers, you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through less crowded roads elsewhere.
Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social interactions and economic transactions can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, traffic jam is an unfortunate consequence of prosperity, not a cause of economic decline and urban decay. So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities, the costs of inaccessibility in uncrowded places are almost certainly greater.
There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental damage in places like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lower here in the US, even in our most crowded cities. That's why, for now, we don't see people streaming out of San Francisco and Chicago, heading for cities like Phoenix, and Cleveland.
56. We can conclude from the first paragraph that _________.
A. traffic jam and weather are the two factors preventing the development of a big city
B. traffic jam seems to be very difficult to deal with
C. if traffic engineers try their best, traffic jam can be solved
D. public officials are always criticized for misusing their power
57. According to the passage, what's the author's opinion towards traffic jam?
A. Traffic jam is unavoidable in large cities.
B. Traffic jam is both a sign of success and a sign of failure.
C. Traffic jam is the consequence of successful cities.
D. Traffic jam is not unpreventable for a successful city.
58. According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Crowded cities tend to promote economic transactions.
B. New York and Los Angeles have less limited spaces than other cities.
C. The satellite-guidance engineers are needed most by the firms in LA.
D. Despite the traffic jam in LA, it's easier to reach your destination than in other cities.
59. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Traffic jam has caused terrible bad effects in cities such as Bangkok and Lagos.
B. The traffic jam in San Francisco has resulted in the city becoming empty.
C. The traffic jam level in Chicago is lower than that in Cleveland.
D. Phoenix is as crowded and successful as San Francisco.
(B)
CALIFORNIA STATE COLLEGE
WORKING CONDITIONS AND BENEFITS FOR EMPLOYEES
Payday
Employees are paid every other Friday. If Friday is a holiday, payday will be the following Monday. Generally, employees pick up the pay checks in their department; if not, they may be picked at the business office.
Overtime
All the worked over eight hours in one day and forty hours in a workweek, and also the first eight hours worked on the seventh day of work in a workweek is considered overtime for non-exempt employees. The supervisor must approve all overtime before overtime occurs. Hours in excess of eight hours on the seventh day and in excess of twelve hours in one day will be paid at double time. Exempt employees receive no additional compensation for overtime hours.
Parking
All employees who will be parking in a staff parking zone must obtain a parking permit. A monthly pre-tax payroll deduction can be made by visiting Human Resources. If you wish to pay cash, present your staff I.D. card and license number to the Cashier’s office. The Safety Department will ticket cars without a parking permit and a fine will be applied.
Holidays
All regular and temporary full-time employees generally receive approximately 13 paid holidays during the course of each calendar year. Regular part-time employees will receive holiday benefits worked out using a prorated system. The holiday schedule is initiated annually.
Personal Holiday
Each employed is granted one extra day as a Personal Holiday at the time of hire, and at the beginning of each calendar year. Personal Holiday hours must be taken at one time (eight hours full-time or prorated based on the employee’s time). Employees requesting Personal Holiday will be required to complete “Leave Request’ forms. No more than one Personal Holiday is authorized annually.
60. How often will an employee generally get paid?
A. Every Friday. B. Every two weeks.
C. Every week. D. Every other Monday.
61. Who has the authority to approve the overtime an employee wishes to do?
A. Cashier. B. Safety department officer.
C. Supervisor. D. Human resources officer.
62. Where should employees go if they wish to have the parking charge taken off their salary?
A. Human Resources. B. Business Office.
C. Cashier’s Office. D. Safety Department.
(C)
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A.Indeed, education is not only lectures and seminars.
B.However, our study revealed no difference in the following aspects.?
C.They clearly know that interpersonal relationships at work play a critical role in career success.?
D.They tend to excessively focus on the instrumental tasks, paying insufficient attention to interpersonal relationships.
E.We also found several reasons why the graduates from the top universities performed better than those from the lower-ranked schools.
F.We observed the students’ performance for two months as they were working in global virtual teams on real-life business consulting projects.
Top College Graduates Get Paid More, but do They Perform Better?
It’s generally believed that better universities attract better students and provide better training, so it makes sense to use the university rank as a predictor of employee performance. But is it a good hiring strategy? Do university rankings predict job performance? Our research suggests yes — but only to a degree.
In a recent study, we tested the relationship between the university rank and performance of graduates. We tracked the performance of 28,339 students from 294 universities that ranked from Top 10 to about top 20,000 in the Webometrics global university rankings. (63)______Importantly, we captured not only the quality of the output, but a wide range of hard and soft competencies including cooperation with team members, leadership, language proficiency, technical skills, emotional intelligence, creativity, and more.
Our results offer some comfort to the traditional recruiters. After controlling for age, gender, and the year of study, we found that graduates from higher-ranked universities performed better, but only nominally and only on some dimensions of performance.
(64)________The first was selection: higher-ranked universities usually can choose from a larger pool of applicants, which leads to steeper competition and a higher quality of the incoming class. Corroborating the selectivity hypothesis, our data demonstrated that students at higher-ranked universities indeed score higher on general cognitive ability tests, have more international experience, better English proficiency, and higher cultural intelligence.
Second, higher-ranked universities should provide better training. Top universities employ better instructors, offer access to better-equipped facilities, attract better speakers and guests to campus, which in turn, should lead to better training and subsequent performance.
Finally, it might be expected that higher-ranked institutions might provide a more stimulating academic environment. (65)__________ Having notable, hardworking, celebrity-status professors, along with being around intelligent, highly-motivated, achievement-oriented peers, positively affects self-efficacy, motivation, effort, and work ethic.
Despite their slightly better overall performance, hiring graduates from higher-ranked institutions could have a downside. Our data suggest that students from higher-ranked universities might damage team cooperation, sometimes carelessly. (66)_______ In some instances, graduates from top universities tend to be less friendly, are more prone to conflict, and are less likely to identify with their team.
III. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
无论下雨还是不下雨，我们都做早操。(whether)
大家都不喜欢他和老师说话的方式。（the way）
说实话，打网球并不是我最喜欢的运动。(To be honest)
尽管你犯了很多错误，我还是把你当成我最好的朋友。(Despite)
5、好的英语运用能力使他具备了当一名英语教师的资格。(command, qualify)
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Envy
It’s a familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Your friend is made the team for Saturday’s big game, and you take a certain pleasure in telling him you can’t be there to watch him play. You smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?
Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friend's bridesmaid! Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury, so you can take his place on the team?
Envy is everywhere. It seems to be in our nature to hate others' gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldn't have.
Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we don’t possess now. Worse still, we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone's losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotions.
So, is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to get rid of this most ungenerous emotion? Well, why not make envy the motivation you need for self-improvement? The best weapon against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.
Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique. Make an agreement with yourself to be the best you can be. Then find the qualities in others that cause your envy. Is it someone’s singing voice, their work promotion, their new car? Envy shows us the things we’d like to have. So, make a plan to earn what's important to you.
And aim for genuine pleasure in the achievements and good fortune of others. Cheer on your friend when he scores that goal. Enjoy your best friend’s wedding day. Then go out and do something special, and make yourself wonderfully proud of you.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
某电视台计划推出一个新的电视综艺节目（variety programme），但为了更好地迎合观众的需求，该电视台向观众广泛征求意见。假设你是观众陈方，写一封电子邮件给该电视台的负责人王先生，表达你对新的电视综艺节目的建议，并陈述你的理由。邮件内容应包括：
综艺节目的名字、针对的观众群体、主要内容及形式等；
提出这些建议的理由。
注：邮件中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys
Unit Three Shorts Heroes
基础练习
. 1. determined 2. experienced 3. unattended 4. stubbornly 5. bend 6. frightening
II. 1. glove 2. Brazil 3. determined 4. helplessly 5. guard 6. winner
III.
. at somebody's mercy 2. catch sb. off his guard 3. at the cost of
throw all caution to the winds 5. lose heart 6. at the last instant 7. odd jobs 8. apartment house 9. in a row 10. for good 11. be determined to do sth. 12. be engaged in 13. cheer for 14. run after 15. make money 16. 以 为代价 17. 整个看台 18. 假装做某事 19.听任摆布 20. 敢于做某事 21.收集抬起抱起
22.在第17个回合 23.正打算要做
IV.
1. at the cost of 2. in a row 3. pretended to 4. running after 5. was about to 6. was engaged in 7. at his mercy 8. was determined to 9. gathering up 10. for good
V.1. hanging 2. spent 3. to be held 4. should have phoned 5. waiting 6. spoken
7. win/to win; is 8. was/has been compelled 9. listening 10. lying
1. He was/has been compelled by illness to stop his experiment.
Laid a foul on by the referee, the footballer immediately lost his temper on the scene.
3.Fate played a trick on him when he was badly injured at his first international game.
4. What matters is not what score you have got in the examination, but whether you have studied hard.
5. The little boy reached for the dictionary on the shelf, only to break a vase on it.
B．综合提高练习
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
1. to satisfy 2. has decided 3. was quoted 4. why 5. that / who
6. eaten 7. It 8. looking 9. with 10. so that
Section B
1. E 2. C 43. A 4. J 5. H 6. G 7. F 8. D 9. B 10 K
II. Reading comprehension
Section A
41—45 ACDAB 46—50 DABCA 51—55 CBCCD
Section B
(A) BCDA (B) BCA (C) FEAD
III.Translation
1. Whether it rains or not, we will do our morning exercise.
2. Nobody likes the way he speaks to the teachers.
3. To be honest, playing tennis is not my favorite sport.
4, Despite your many mistakes, I still regard you as my best friend.
5. A good command of English qualified him as a teacher of English.
IV. 概要Summary：
Envy is a common but unpleasant feeling, which is a secret hidden in our heart. This nature usually arises when we can't get what we want and even take delight in others' losing it. To avoid this negative feeling, firstly try to transform envy into motivation to improve ourselves. Besides, accept your unique talents gladly. Finally, appreciate others' achievements sincerely.
V. Guided Writing （参考范文）
Dear Mr. Wang,
Recently I have been informed that the television station is receiving/seeking practical advice from the audience on determining a brand-new variety programme. I am pretty in favor of such measure because today’s media is filled with too many similar kinds of programmes that follow a newborn concept, resulting in numerous programmes of the same kind. Here I want to convey my own opinion on it.
I would entitle my program with the name of “You Are the Genius”, which aims at teenagers in Shanghai. With the advancement of comprehensive assessment criteria, more and more students are eager to know about everything besides what they learn in schools. The establishment of such programme can beneficially promote their willingness to absorb knowledge in a relatively-acceptable way because it is presented on TVs, not in a forceful way. In addition, since the students are more or less in the same age, especially peers and friends, they may be more interested in them and in the long run can cultivate their sense of competitiveness. Such situation can be realized through a more exciting programme mode, which involves three stages. The first stage is competition in schools, and then the winners come to the second round, in which schools from the whole city compete on a larger scale. Finally the contestants are invited to have the final race on TV. Typical contents of the programme can vary, or it can be determined by the audience.
I would like to hear from you and your sincere and practical suggestion are highly appreciated.
Yours,
Chen Fang