新世纪英语高二上Final Examination单元同步练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 新世纪英语高二上Final Examination单元同步练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 上海新世纪版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-11-20 10:34:11 | ||
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Final Examination
I. Listening Comprehension（略）
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis (光合作用), they transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They (21) __________ (assume) to remove toxins from the air we breathe — but is this true?
One famous NASA experiment, published in 1989, has found indoor plants can clean the air by removing pollutants (22) __________ (cause) cancer. Later research has found soil micro-organisms in the potted plant also (23) __________ (play) a part in cleaning indoor air.
Based on this research, some scientists say house plants are effective natural air purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. The amount of leaf surface area influences the rate of air purification. (24) __________, however, say the evidence that plants can effectively accomplish this feat (功绩) is far from conclusive.
“There are no definitive studies (25) __________ show having indoor plants can significantly increase the air quality in your home,” according to Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and public health. “There’s no doubt that plants are capable of removing volatile (易挥发的) chemical toxins from the air under laboratory conditions,” says Claudio. “But in your home or office space, the belief (26) __________ putting a few plants together can purify your air doesn’t have much hard science to back it up.”
Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in small, sealed environments (27) __________ (assess) how much air-purifying power they have. “But those studies aren’t really applicable to what happens in a house. In many cases, the air in your home completely turns over — that is, exchanges places with outdoor air — once every hour. In most instances, air exchange with the outside has a greater effect on indoor air quality than plants.” says Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture (园艺学).
Disappointed (28) __________ many people may be by what Kays said, the professor also made it clear that he believes house plants are beneficial. Studies have shown plants can knock out stress and make people feel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a positive effect on a person’s mood and energy levels.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. acquired
B. availability
C. conducting
D. dramatically
AB. focused
AC. growing
AD. instantly
BC. natural
BD. pioneering
CD. potential
ABC. readiness
NASA is on a journey to Mars, with a goal of sending humans to the Red Planet in the 2030s. That journey is already well under way.
For decades, the agency and its partners have sent orbiters, landers and rovers (探测器), (36) __________ increasing our knowledge about the Red Planet and paving the way for future human explorers. The Curiosity rover has gathered radiation data to help us protect future astronauts, and the upcoming Mars 2020 rover will study the (37) __________ of Martian resources, including oxygen.
Building on the robotic legacy (遗产), the human exploration of Mars crosses three thresholds (门槛), each with (38) __________ challenges as humans move farther from Earth: Earth Reliant, the Proving Ground, and Earth Independent.
Earth Reliant exploration is (39) __________ on research aboard the International Space Station. The orbiting microgravity laboratory serves as a world-class test bed for the technologies and communications systems needed for human missions to deep space. Astronauts are learning about what it takes to live and work in space for long periods of time, improving our understanding of how the body changes in space and how to protect astronaut health.
Next, we move into the Proving Ground, (40) __________ a series of missions near the moon called “cislunar space” to test the capabilities we will need to live and work at Mars. Astronauts on the space station are only hours away from Earth, but the proving ground is days away, a(n) (41) __________ stepping stone to a Mars mission, which will be months away from home.
Also in the 2020s, we’ll send astronauts on a year-long mission into this deep space proving ground, confirming habitation and testing our (42) __________ for Mars.
Finally, we become Earth Independent, building on the knowledge (43) __________ on the space station and in deep space to send humans to low-Mars orbit in the early 2030s.
This phase will also test the entry, descent (降落) and landing techniques needed to get to the Martian surface and study what’s needed for in-situ resource utilization or “living off the land”. NASA is already studying the (44) __________ “Exploration Zones” on Mars that would offer compelling science research and provide resources our astronauts can use.
There are challenges to (45) __________ Mars, but we know they are solvable. We are well on our way to getting there, landing there, and living there.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In the city of Lyon, hundreds of the world’s finest chefs gathered on January 26 for the funeral of Paul Bocuse, the man credited with the creation of innovative cuisine (菜肴). Meanwhile, in branches of the Intermarché supermarket across France, shoppers were (56) __________ to get hold of 1kg jars of Nutella, on special offer at just ? 1.41, down from about ? 4.50. One branch shifted 400 jars in 21 minutes. Videos showed shoppers stuffing jars of Nutella into bags. Some customers came the night before the promotion to (57) __________ the Nutella pots in other places in order to prevent them from being taken. Shoppers broke items in their (58) __________ for the treat.
Thus, a dirty secret is uncovered: France has fallen in love with cheap, fast food. It’s tempting to think that perhaps France should (59) __________ its bright self-image along with the master.
McDonald’s, the leader of all things unpalatable (令人讨厌的) yet delicious, opened its first branch in France in 1972, but it operated so badly that the company (60) __________ from the country soon. In 1979, McDonald’s returned and succeeded by going (61) __________, which extended far beyond renaming its food. It (62) __________ identified the French preference for eating at table or in family and made sure the environment of its outlets was the same to comfort as to speed. Since then, France has grown to become McDonald’s most profitable market outside the US, with more than 1,400 branches at the end of 2016. Burger King, (63) __________, came in waving stars and stripes high and left with its tail between its legs in 1997 though it returned in 2012 with a far more (64) __________ strategy. None of this has gone exactly unnoticed, especially when fast food (65) __________ traditional restaurants in 2012, leaving traditionalists angrily waving their ham-and-butter baguettes (法式长棍面包) at the newcomers.
Nutella has had a(n) (66) __________ ride in France. Developed in postwar Italy at a time of cocoa rationing (定量配给) and hazelnut glut (榛子过剩), the Ferrero company’s spread was an instant (67) __________ when introduced in France in the 1960s. Half of all French families have it on their breakfast table, and for adults it has come to represent a taste of childhood. Such is the (68) __________ that one French couple were prevented from naming their daughter Nutella only by legal act.
If there is a(n) (69) __________ in Nutella, it is its ingredient, whose production has been linked to deforestation and the destruction of natural habitats, pushing the French government to impose a special “Nutella” tax on products from palm oil. France’s Super U supermarket chain, a rival to Intermarché, has already (70) __________ palm oil from its own-label products, and the pressure on the big brands to do the same is likely to increase.
56.
A. hesitating
B. threatening
C. fighting
D. claiming
57.
A. hide
B. break
C. consume
D. select
58.
A. preparation
B. search
C. rush
D. desire
59.
A. impress
B. bury
C. present
D. retain
60.
A. withdrew
B. recovered
C. suffered
D. benefited
61.
A. native
B. sensible
C. realistic
D. influential
62.
A. roughly
B. urgently
C. accidentally
D. correctly
63.
A. for instance
B. in addition
C. after all
D. by contrast
64.
A. productive
B. modest
C. specific
D. aggressive
65.
A. disappointed
B. overtook
C. inspected
D. refreshed
66.
A. lengthy
B. free
C. bumpy
D. easy
67.
A. result
B. image
C. hit
D. relief
68.
A. affection
B. originality
C. observation
D. ignorance
69.
A. reduction
B. unchangeability
C. disadvantage
D. overproduction
70.
A. released
B. imported
C. distinguished
D. removed
Section B
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Seasickness and sunburn. Taking care of old people in different situations. My medical friends did their best to persuade me. Everyone said that running away to sea would ruin my career. But after five sleep-deprived years working as a junior doctor, I was willing to take the risk.
Hungry for adventure, I boarded a bright white ship in Singapore. With 2,000 passengers and crew, she was the size of a small town.
To my relief, the hospital was well equipped, with an X-ray machine and a blood analyzer.
That first cruise (航行) was a learning experience, a tight schedule full of safety drills. There was so much new information to take in. Even remembering which of the uniforms to wear each day was a challenge. Most confusing, I often forgot to change my clock when the ship crossed time zones.
As a doctor, I was responsible for the 600 crew including waiters, engineers, cooks and navigators, and I was on call for the entire ship.
Far from treating seasickness and sunburn, as I’d been warned, my patients were wide and varied. The ship’s medical center was essentially a floating emergency room, but we didn’t have a team of specialists on hand for a second opinion. With long and unpredictable hours, it required mental toughness.
As you can guess, many of the passengers were elderly. Heart attacks don’t care about geography and emergency evacuations (疏散) were difficult to arrange.
I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship on a stretcher (担架) halfway through the Panama Canal. After a terrifying ride in the back of an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient survived long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City.
Thankfully, there were several unexpected benefits to the job. I regularly enjoyed the passenger facilities, including the gym, spa and deck buffet. I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evenings. On rare days off, I volunteered as a tour guide on trips ashore. I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg.
I now understand that being a cruise ship doctor is not a job — it’s a way of life.
One year at sea became two. I lost my career ambitions, but I redefined happiness in my life.
71.
What can we know about the author’s first cruise?
A. She missed her job as a junior doctor.
B. She enjoyed a relaxing lifestyle.
C. She often felt confused about her job duties.
D. She had to learn a lot of things.
72.
Why does the author mention the patient who was sent to the hospital in Panama City?
A. To prove that being a cruise ship doctor is more tiring.
B. To tell that it was difficult to look after old patients.
C. To stress the importance of a well-equipped hospital on the ship.
D. To show it was challenging to handle emergency situations on the ship.
73.
What is Paragraph 9 mainly about?
A. Various passenger facilities on the cruise ship.
B. The loneliness of being the ship’s only doctor.
C. The advantages of being a cruise ship doctor.
D. The author’s experience as a tour guide.
74.
What does the author think of her experience as a cruise ship doctor?
A. It was too stressful to tolerate.
B. It changed her understanding of happiness.
C. It helped her build a better career.
D. It provided opportunities to make more friends.
(B)
Dear friends and community,
We are happy to introduce our new show, On Broadway.
This will be a night of the most entertaining, and thrilling Broadway Shows set on stage.
We would like to honor some of these world class acts in our spectacular show.
You will experience dramatic tangos, elegant waltzes, and much more.
This production will attract you with its creative dancing, exciting music, and beautiful costumes.
Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 - 6 pm
Admission: $20 presale/$25 on the door
Our unique and fun summer camp features dancing, fitness, games and other activities.
While having a good time, campers can improve their body coordination, balance, posture, and physical condition.
For the last day, we have planned a performance for family and friends to show everything we have learned during the camp.
Date: Monday July 9 - Friday July 13, 9 am - 12:30 pm
Children Ages 5 & Up
I am excited to invite you to attend the North Carolina Open, Charlotte’s first NDCA recognized dance competition.
Located in the beautiful Ballantyne Resort, this is an event you won’t forget. Take part in an elegant evening of dancing, then relax in the spa or get away for a round of golf.
Enjoy a full day of dancing with world-class judges and scholarship opportunities.
Date: September 21
Admission: $30
General Information: Yusimi Cruz, Phone: (704) 892-7000
Dance Center USA is turning 7 years old, so come and celebrate with us!
Wine bar, appetizers, great music, and special performances by Dance Center students and professionals will be waiting for you.
Also, an award ceremony will be held to recognize the outstanding achievement of our students in the past year.
Date: Friday April 29, 8-10 pm
Party Admission: $15
75.
How much do you have to pay for a ticket to On Broadway if you book in advance?
A. $15
B. $20
C. $25
D. $30
76.
How do children benefit from the summer camp?
A. It helps strengthen their bodies.
B. It enables them to learn from famous dancers.
C. They gain useful camping skills.
D. They learn how to get on with their parents.
77.
Those who are invited to attend the North Carolina Open will __________.
A. be able to compete as dancers
B. enjoy a free spa with friends
C. learn some golf skills
D. have a dinner with professionals
78.
Which event is available in April at a good price?
A. On Broadway
B. Summer Camp
C. North Carolina Open
D. Anniversary Gala
(C)
The area onstage near an orchestra’s conductor is usually reserved for violinists. But put on a virtual-reality headset, and you are so close to Gustavo Dudamel, the wild-haired conductor of the Los Angeles Philharmonic, that he almost hits you with his baton (指挥棒). He is consumed with conducting “Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony”, and you have the impression of enjoying a private performance. The project, which introduces classical music to people who have never set foot in a concert hall, is touring Los Angeles in a van.
Most days the appropriately named Van Beethoven is parked outside the Walt Disney Concert Hall, the LA Philharmonic’s home. Inside are several concert seats and pairs of virtual-reality headsets, which provide a 3-D scene. The aim is to use technology to tempt a new group of concertgoers to attend a real-life version, says Amy Seidenwurm, who speaks for the orchestra.
Classical concertgoers are becoming greyer and rarer. In 2012 around 9% of American adults attended a classical-music event, a quarter less than in 2002, according to the National Endowment for the Arts. A third came from families earning $ 100,000 or more a year. Moreover, those used to “on demand” digital music can be less keen on showing up at a set time, to hear something someone else has chosen to play for them.
The Philadelphia Orchestra has tried playing three excerpts (选段) from different music, letting the audience vote for the one they would like to hear the rest of. Others have added longer intervals in bars, or jazz after concerts. “It’s a tough balancing act to adapt to what that new generation’s preferences are and maintaining the integrity (完整) of what an orchestra is,” says Jesse Rosen of the League of American Orchestras.
Until recently virtual reality was a futuristic technology, but it is slowly forcing its way into real life. In November Oculus, a company owned by Facebook, will join Samsung to sell a virtual-reality device for $ 99. This should be great for orchestras like the LA Philharmonic. However, some consumers are bound to wonder why it is worth going to a real-life concert when they can have one of their own on their sofa, and never worry about being late.
79.
According to the passage, how is “The project” in Paragraph 1 carried out?
A. By inviting people who have never been to a concert hall to go inside one.
B. By letting people enjoy virtual concerts performed by a famous orchestra.
C. By making classical music on the street to attract passers-by and tourists.
D. By having people listen to classical music while touring the city in a van.
80.
Classical concertgoers are rarer mainly because __________.
A. a passive listening experience is no longer attractive
B. loyal concertgoers are growing too old to get out of their homes
C. the young tend to prefer digital music to classical music
D. fewer people are able to earn $ 100,000 or even more a year now
81.
Which of the following is probably a typical “balancing act” for orchestras to adapt to the new generation’s preferences?
A. Playing jazz music instead of classic music.
B. Adding 3-D effects into the performances.
C. Distributing headsets to concertgoers.
D. Providing “on demand” experience.
82.
What does the author think of the future of orchestras with the aid of virtual reality?
A. Very promising.
B. Still doubtful.
C. There will be even fewer goers.
D. It will remain the same.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A.
They say people will not buy fish from waters near Fukushima if the water is released.
B.
That event hurt the livelihoods of people throughout the area.
C.
Conflicting opinions between two groups have kept Japanese officials from doing anything about the water.
D.
The disaster was deadly and had long-lasting environmental and economic effects.
AB.
So, the problem continues and the amount of radioactive water at Fukushima is growing.
AC.
But consumers have not heard that message.
What to Do with Radioactive Water from Fukushima
Japanese officials are trying to decide what to do with thousands of radioactive water from the damaged Fukushima nuclear power plant. People can now work in the area although they take special measures to avoid overexposure to radioactive substances. The water remains a big problem however. Currently, the water is being stored in 900 large tanks near the nuclear center.
(87) __________ Radiation experts advise the government to slowly release the water into the Pacific Ocean. They note that special treatment has removed the radioactivity from the water except for tritium (氚), a radioactive form of hydrogen. The experts say tritium is safe in small amounts.
But local fishermen oppose the release of the water into the sea. (88) __________ The fishermen lost their livelihoods for a long time after the disaster. Local fisheries are slowly recovering. So local fishermen are afraid that it will affect their livelihoods again if the government allows to release the water.
Fifteen months after the disaster in 2012, only three kinds of fish could pass the safety inspection. Now the number has increased to over 100. Yoshiharu Nemoto is a researcher at the Onahama test station. He said the fish may contain less than half of the radioactive cesium (铯) level permitted under Japan’s national standard and one-twelfth of the U. S. or European Union limit.
(89) __________ Over the years, fewer Japanese consumers avoid fish products from waters near Fukushima. But a study by Japan’s Consumer Agency in October found that 20 percent still do. The study found that consumers were more likely to pay attention to information about possible bad health results than to facts about radiation and safety standards.
Kikuko Tatsumi is a representative of a consumer group and serves on a government expert panel (专家组) with Sekiya. He said the delay in making a decision may be increasing concerns among the public. Many people believe the water is stored because it is dangerous and they think Fukushima fish are not available because they are not safe to eat. (90) __________
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
91.
It’s a nightly dilemma (困境) in many families: a student hits a wall doing homework, and his parents are too tired, too busy or too puzzled to help.
Ordering up a tutor is becoming as easy for kids as getting a snack. Students can use a credit card to connect with a live tutor. Such non-stop, no-appointment-needed services can be especially helpful to students with tight budgets or little time or those in remote areas although the quality of on-demand scholastics support may be uneven (不均匀的), and the unstable tutors may be not the best for those who need continuous help. Besides, language barriers can also cause problems on sites which rely on tutors from abroad.
Prices are lower than what many skilled tutors charge in a student’s home. Parents and students say the quick homework fix can ease stress and make evenings at home more peaceful.
Whenever Peggy Bennett of Dallas tries to help her daughter, Chloe Friedman, with her eight-grade physics and math homework, “we’d always end up with quarreling,” Ms. Bennett says, with Chloe often objecting that the teacher did it differently.
Chloe says she doubted when her mom helped her sign up last month on Tutor.com. But after she logged in one evening for math help, a tutor responded within a minute. Chloe says she was guided to figure out the answers, using text chat and an interactive “whiteboard” that displayed their writing and calculations on a screen. After 10 minutes, Ms. Bennett adds, “that was all that she needed.”
Most sites employ moonlighting or retired teachers, college professors or professionals with tutoring experience; most offer scheduled tutoring in addition to on-demand sessions. The most common users are middle and high-schoolers, and college students who take basic courses.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
毫无疑问，良好的医患关系应该建立在善意和相互理解的基础上。(doubt)
专家建议忧心忡忡的家长们关注孩子成长的身心特点，不要过度监控。(suggest)
面对未来不确定的挑战，只要你坚持原则并改进方法，就可能实现自己的梦想。(Faced…; likely)
正是多亏了全球各国采取的有效措施，温室效应在短期内才没有愈演愈烈。(It…)
可穿戴技术使用户能够精确地获取有关自己身体的数据并利用手机app进行分析，但隐私泄露的风险也值得考虑。(enable; access)
VI.Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
老师要求你负责班级墙报工作并征求你的意见。在日记中表述你的决定并谈谈看法。??????
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期末考试参考答案及分析
Listening（共30分）
1-10. BCADA CDBBD（每题1分）
11-20. DBA BCA BCDD（每题2分）
Grammar（每题1分，共15分）
21.
are assumed
考点：谓语动词的时态语态
22.
causing
考点：动词的非谓语形式（-ing）
23.
play
考点：谓语动词的时态语态
24.
Others
考点：代词
25.
that
考点：定语从句（注意：不填which）
26.
that
考点：名词性从句
27.
to assess
考点：动词的非谓语形式（to do）
28.
as / though
考点：倒装/状语从句
Vocabulary（每题1分，共20分）
36-45. D – B – AC – AB – C – BC – ABC – A – CD – BD
Cloze（每题1分，共15分）
56-70. CACBA ADDBB DCACD
Reading（每题2分，共40分）
71-74. DDCB
75-78. BAAD
79-82. BADB
87-90. C – A – AC – AB
Summary（10分）
91. A possible version:
Many families are faced with the difficulty of helping their children with their homework. 【①提出遇到的困难】Ordering up a tutor online is a good way to solve the problem despite a few flaws. 【②尽管有弊端，但“在线家教”是一个较好解决方案。】On-site teachers of good quality are available. 【③好处一：师资质量好（一般是家教经验的老师）。】And it’s more convenient and cheaper than the traditional way in which skilled tutors are invited to their students’ home.【④+⑤好处二与三：更方便（回复及时）+更便宜（与传统上门家教老师相比）。注意：③、④、⑤顺序可调换。】 (Word count: 58)
MSW提示：虽然文中提到“在线家教”坏处有3个，好处有3个，但是坏处的篇幅占比远远少于好处，所以在字数有限的情况下，“坏处”宜笼统地一笔带过。另外，Peggy Bennett与Chloe Friedman显然是代表相当多受惠于“在线家教”的人群，概要写作中不宜出现这些具体的人名，应概括成一种群体共性。
Translation（共20分）
（3分）毫无疑问，良好的医患关系应该建立在善意和相互理解的基础上。(doubt)
There is no doubt that / No doubt a good doctor-patient relationship / relationship between doctors and patients should be based on goodwill / good intentions and mutual understanding.
（4分）专家建议忧心忡忡的家长们关注孩子成长的身心特点，不要过度监控。(suggest)
(The) Experts suggest (that) concerned parents (should) focus on the physical and mental characteristics of their children's development / growth and (should) not over-monitor them.
(The) Experts suggest (that) worried parents (should) pay attention to the physical and mental characteristics of their children's development instead of monitoring them to excess / too much.
（4分） 面对未来不确定的挑战，只要你坚持原则并改进方法，就可能实现自己的梦想。(Faced…; likely)
Faced with the uncertain challenges in the future / ahead, you are likely to make your dream come true / realize your dream as long as you stick to your principles and improve your methods.
（4分）正是多亏了全球各国采取的有效措施，温室效应在短期内才没有愈演愈烈。(It…)
It is thanks to the effective measures taken by the countries around the world that the greenhouse effect is not getting worse in the short term / run.
（5分）可穿戴技术使用户能够精确地获取有关自己身体的数据并利用手机app进行分析，但隐私泄露的风险也值得考虑。(enable; access)
Wearable technology enables users to have precise access to (the) data about their bodies and use mobile apps for analysis, but the risk of revealing / leaking / disclosing their privacy is also worth considering / is worth considering as well.
Wearable technology enables users to access (the) data about their bodies accurately and analyze them on / with their mobile apps, but the risk of privacy disclosure deserves considering / to be considered.
Writing (参考范文)：
Possible version1
I felt very happy today when my teacher asked me to be in charge of a wall newspaper for my class. I consider it an honor and a challenge, an honor because my teacher has confidence in my ability, and a challenge because editing a wall newspaper is totally a new experience to me.
As a wall newspaper consists of both content and design, I plan to divide the whole class into two groups: one dealing with writing and the other dealing with designing. To make the wall newspaper informative, interesting and educational, I will get the writing group to collect the latest science reports as well as human interest stories and rewrite them in simple words. I want to make sure that each and every article in the wall newspaper is fun and easy to read. I will also get the designing group to come up with a layout that is vivid and eye-catching. For this purpose, I will use more pictures than words.
I believe a wall newspaper designed in such a way should meet my teacher's expectations.
I. Listening Comprehension（略）
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis (光合作用), they transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They (21) __________ (assume) to remove toxins from the air we breathe — but is this true?
One famous NASA experiment, published in 1989, has found indoor plants can clean the air by removing pollutants (22) __________ (cause) cancer. Later research has found soil micro-organisms in the potted plant also (23) __________ (play) a part in cleaning indoor air.
Based on this research, some scientists say house plants are effective natural air purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. The amount of leaf surface area influences the rate of air purification. (24) __________, however, say the evidence that plants can effectively accomplish this feat (功绩) is far from conclusive.
“There are no definitive studies (25) __________ show having indoor plants can significantly increase the air quality in your home,” according to Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and public health. “There’s no doubt that plants are capable of removing volatile (易挥发的) chemical toxins from the air under laboratory conditions,” says Claudio. “But in your home or office space, the belief (26) __________ putting a few plants together can purify your air doesn’t have much hard science to back it up.”
Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in small, sealed environments (27) __________ (assess) how much air-purifying power they have. “But those studies aren’t really applicable to what happens in a house. In many cases, the air in your home completely turns over — that is, exchanges places with outdoor air — once every hour. In most instances, air exchange with the outside has a greater effect on indoor air quality than plants.” says Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture (园艺学).
Disappointed (28) __________ many people may be by what Kays said, the professor also made it clear that he believes house plants are beneficial. Studies have shown plants can knock out stress and make people feel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a positive effect on a person’s mood and energy levels.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. acquired
B. availability
C. conducting
D. dramatically
AB. focused
AC. growing
AD. instantly
BC. natural
BD. pioneering
CD. potential
ABC. readiness
NASA is on a journey to Mars, with a goal of sending humans to the Red Planet in the 2030s. That journey is already well under way.
For decades, the agency and its partners have sent orbiters, landers and rovers (探测器), (36) __________ increasing our knowledge about the Red Planet and paving the way for future human explorers. The Curiosity rover has gathered radiation data to help us protect future astronauts, and the upcoming Mars 2020 rover will study the (37) __________ of Martian resources, including oxygen.
Building on the robotic legacy (遗产), the human exploration of Mars crosses three thresholds (门槛), each with (38) __________ challenges as humans move farther from Earth: Earth Reliant, the Proving Ground, and Earth Independent.
Earth Reliant exploration is (39) __________ on research aboard the International Space Station. The orbiting microgravity laboratory serves as a world-class test bed for the technologies and communications systems needed for human missions to deep space. Astronauts are learning about what it takes to live and work in space for long periods of time, improving our understanding of how the body changes in space and how to protect astronaut health.
Next, we move into the Proving Ground, (40) __________ a series of missions near the moon called “cislunar space” to test the capabilities we will need to live and work at Mars. Astronauts on the space station are only hours away from Earth, but the proving ground is days away, a(n) (41) __________ stepping stone to a Mars mission, which will be months away from home.
Also in the 2020s, we’ll send astronauts on a year-long mission into this deep space proving ground, confirming habitation and testing our (42) __________ for Mars.
Finally, we become Earth Independent, building on the knowledge (43) __________ on the space station and in deep space to send humans to low-Mars orbit in the early 2030s.
This phase will also test the entry, descent (降落) and landing techniques needed to get to the Martian surface and study what’s needed for in-situ resource utilization or “living off the land”. NASA is already studying the (44) __________ “Exploration Zones” on Mars that would offer compelling science research and provide resources our astronauts can use.
There are challenges to (45) __________ Mars, but we know they are solvable. We are well on our way to getting there, landing there, and living there.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In the city of Lyon, hundreds of the world’s finest chefs gathered on January 26 for the funeral of Paul Bocuse, the man credited with the creation of innovative cuisine (菜肴). Meanwhile, in branches of the Intermarché supermarket across France, shoppers were (56) __________ to get hold of 1kg jars of Nutella, on special offer at just ? 1.41, down from about ? 4.50. One branch shifted 400 jars in 21 minutes. Videos showed shoppers stuffing jars of Nutella into bags. Some customers came the night before the promotion to (57) __________ the Nutella pots in other places in order to prevent them from being taken. Shoppers broke items in their (58) __________ for the treat.
Thus, a dirty secret is uncovered: France has fallen in love with cheap, fast food. It’s tempting to think that perhaps France should (59) __________ its bright self-image along with the master.
McDonald’s, the leader of all things unpalatable (令人讨厌的) yet delicious, opened its first branch in France in 1972, but it operated so badly that the company (60) __________ from the country soon. In 1979, McDonald’s returned and succeeded by going (61) __________, which extended far beyond renaming its food. It (62) __________ identified the French preference for eating at table or in family and made sure the environment of its outlets was the same to comfort as to speed. Since then, France has grown to become McDonald’s most profitable market outside the US, with more than 1,400 branches at the end of 2016. Burger King, (63) __________, came in waving stars and stripes high and left with its tail between its legs in 1997 though it returned in 2012 with a far more (64) __________ strategy. None of this has gone exactly unnoticed, especially when fast food (65) __________ traditional restaurants in 2012, leaving traditionalists angrily waving their ham-and-butter baguettes (法式长棍面包) at the newcomers.
Nutella has had a(n) (66) __________ ride in France. Developed in postwar Italy at a time of cocoa rationing (定量配给) and hazelnut glut (榛子过剩), the Ferrero company’s spread was an instant (67) __________ when introduced in France in the 1960s. Half of all French families have it on their breakfast table, and for adults it has come to represent a taste of childhood. Such is the (68) __________ that one French couple were prevented from naming their daughter Nutella only by legal act.
If there is a(n) (69) __________ in Nutella, it is its ingredient, whose production has been linked to deforestation and the destruction of natural habitats, pushing the French government to impose a special “Nutella” tax on products from palm oil. France’s Super U supermarket chain, a rival to Intermarché, has already (70) __________ palm oil from its own-label products, and the pressure on the big brands to do the same is likely to increase.
56.
A. hesitating
B. threatening
C. fighting
D. claiming
57.
A. hide
B. break
C. consume
D. select
58.
A. preparation
B. search
C. rush
D. desire
59.
A. impress
B. bury
C. present
D. retain
60.
A. withdrew
B. recovered
C. suffered
D. benefited
61.
A. native
B. sensible
C. realistic
D. influential
62.
A. roughly
B. urgently
C. accidentally
D. correctly
63.
A. for instance
B. in addition
C. after all
D. by contrast
64.
A. productive
B. modest
C. specific
D. aggressive
65.
A. disappointed
B. overtook
C. inspected
D. refreshed
66.
A. lengthy
B. free
C. bumpy
D. easy
67.
A. result
B. image
C. hit
D. relief
68.
A. affection
B. originality
C. observation
D. ignorance
69.
A. reduction
B. unchangeability
C. disadvantage
D. overproduction
70.
A. released
B. imported
C. distinguished
D. removed
Section B
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Seasickness and sunburn. Taking care of old people in different situations. My medical friends did their best to persuade me. Everyone said that running away to sea would ruin my career. But after five sleep-deprived years working as a junior doctor, I was willing to take the risk.
Hungry for adventure, I boarded a bright white ship in Singapore. With 2,000 passengers and crew, she was the size of a small town.
To my relief, the hospital was well equipped, with an X-ray machine and a blood analyzer.
That first cruise (航行) was a learning experience, a tight schedule full of safety drills. There was so much new information to take in. Even remembering which of the uniforms to wear each day was a challenge. Most confusing, I often forgot to change my clock when the ship crossed time zones.
As a doctor, I was responsible for the 600 crew including waiters, engineers, cooks and navigators, and I was on call for the entire ship.
Far from treating seasickness and sunburn, as I’d been warned, my patients were wide and varied. The ship’s medical center was essentially a floating emergency room, but we didn’t have a team of specialists on hand for a second opinion. With long and unpredictable hours, it required mental toughness.
As you can guess, many of the passengers were elderly. Heart attacks don’t care about geography and emergency evacuations (疏散) were difficult to arrange.
I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship on a stretcher (担架) halfway through the Panama Canal. After a terrifying ride in the back of an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient survived long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City.
Thankfully, there were several unexpected benefits to the job. I regularly enjoyed the passenger facilities, including the gym, spa and deck buffet. I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evenings. On rare days off, I volunteered as a tour guide on trips ashore. I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg.
I now understand that being a cruise ship doctor is not a job — it’s a way of life.
One year at sea became two. I lost my career ambitions, but I redefined happiness in my life.
71.
What can we know about the author’s first cruise?
A. She missed her job as a junior doctor.
B. She enjoyed a relaxing lifestyle.
C. She often felt confused about her job duties.
D. She had to learn a lot of things.
72.
Why does the author mention the patient who was sent to the hospital in Panama City?
A. To prove that being a cruise ship doctor is more tiring.
B. To tell that it was difficult to look after old patients.
C. To stress the importance of a well-equipped hospital on the ship.
D. To show it was challenging to handle emergency situations on the ship.
73.
What is Paragraph 9 mainly about?
A. Various passenger facilities on the cruise ship.
B. The loneliness of being the ship’s only doctor.
C. The advantages of being a cruise ship doctor.
D. The author’s experience as a tour guide.
74.
What does the author think of her experience as a cruise ship doctor?
A. It was too stressful to tolerate.
B. It changed her understanding of happiness.
C. It helped her build a better career.
D. It provided opportunities to make more friends.
(B)
Dear friends and community,
We are happy to introduce our new show, On Broadway.
This will be a night of the most entertaining, and thrilling Broadway Shows set on stage.
We would like to honor some of these world class acts in our spectacular show.
You will experience dramatic tangos, elegant waltzes, and much more.
This production will attract you with its creative dancing, exciting music, and beautiful costumes.
Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 - 6 pm
Admission: $20 presale/$25 on the door
Our unique and fun summer camp features dancing, fitness, games and other activities.
While having a good time, campers can improve their body coordination, balance, posture, and physical condition.
For the last day, we have planned a performance for family and friends to show everything we have learned during the camp.
Date: Monday July 9 - Friday July 13, 9 am - 12:30 pm
Children Ages 5 & Up
I am excited to invite you to attend the North Carolina Open, Charlotte’s first NDCA recognized dance competition.
Located in the beautiful Ballantyne Resort, this is an event you won’t forget. Take part in an elegant evening of dancing, then relax in the spa or get away for a round of golf.
Enjoy a full day of dancing with world-class judges and scholarship opportunities.
Date: September 21
Admission: $30
General Information: Yusimi Cruz, Phone: (704) 892-7000
Dance Center USA is turning 7 years old, so come and celebrate with us!
Wine bar, appetizers, great music, and special performances by Dance Center students and professionals will be waiting for you.
Also, an award ceremony will be held to recognize the outstanding achievement of our students in the past year.
Date: Friday April 29, 8-10 pm
Party Admission: $15
75.
How much do you have to pay for a ticket to On Broadway if you book in advance?
A. $15
B. $20
C. $25
D. $30
76.
How do children benefit from the summer camp?
A. It helps strengthen their bodies.
B. It enables them to learn from famous dancers.
C. They gain useful camping skills.
D. They learn how to get on with their parents.
77.
Those who are invited to attend the North Carolina Open will __________.
A. be able to compete as dancers
B. enjoy a free spa with friends
C. learn some golf skills
D. have a dinner with professionals
78.
Which event is available in April at a good price?
A. On Broadway
B. Summer Camp
C. North Carolina Open
D. Anniversary Gala
(C)
The area onstage near an orchestra’s conductor is usually reserved for violinists. But put on a virtual-reality headset, and you are so close to Gustavo Dudamel, the wild-haired conductor of the Los Angeles Philharmonic, that he almost hits you with his baton (指挥棒). He is consumed with conducting “Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony”, and you have the impression of enjoying a private performance. The project, which introduces classical music to people who have never set foot in a concert hall, is touring Los Angeles in a van.
Most days the appropriately named Van Beethoven is parked outside the Walt Disney Concert Hall, the LA Philharmonic’s home. Inside are several concert seats and pairs of virtual-reality headsets, which provide a 3-D scene. The aim is to use technology to tempt a new group of concertgoers to attend a real-life version, says Amy Seidenwurm, who speaks for the orchestra.
Classical concertgoers are becoming greyer and rarer. In 2012 around 9% of American adults attended a classical-music event, a quarter less than in 2002, according to the National Endowment for the Arts. A third came from families earning $ 100,000 or more a year. Moreover, those used to “on demand” digital music can be less keen on showing up at a set time, to hear something someone else has chosen to play for them.
The Philadelphia Orchestra has tried playing three excerpts (选段) from different music, letting the audience vote for the one they would like to hear the rest of. Others have added longer intervals in bars, or jazz after concerts. “It’s a tough balancing act to adapt to what that new generation’s preferences are and maintaining the integrity (完整) of what an orchestra is,” says Jesse Rosen of the League of American Orchestras.
Until recently virtual reality was a futuristic technology, but it is slowly forcing its way into real life. In November Oculus, a company owned by Facebook, will join Samsung to sell a virtual-reality device for $ 99. This should be great for orchestras like the LA Philharmonic. However, some consumers are bound to wonder why it is worth going to a real-life concert when they can have one of their own on their sofa, and never worry about being late.
79.
According to the passage, how is “The project” in Paragraph 1 carried out?
A. By inviting people who have never been to a concert hall to go inside one.
B. By letting people enjoy virtual concerts performed by a famous orchestra.
C. By making classical music on the street to attract passers-by and tourists.
D. By having people listen to classical music while touring the city in a van.
80.
Classical concertgoers are rarer mainly because __________.
A. a passive listening experience is no longer attractive
B. loyal concertgoers are growing too old to get out of their homes
C. the young tend to prefer digital music to classical music
D. fewer people are able to earn $ 100,000 or even more a year now
81.
Which of the following is probably a typical “balancing act” for orchestras to adapt to the new generation’s preferences?
A. Playing jazz music instead of classic music.
B. Adding 3-D effects into the performances.
C. Distributing headsets to concertgoers.
D. Providing “on demand” experience.
82.
What does the author think of the future of orchestras with the aid of virtual reality?
A. Very promising.
B. Still doubtful.
C. There will be even fewer goers.
D. It will remain the same.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A.
They say people will not buy fish from waters near Fukushima if the water is released.
B.
That event hurt the livelihoods of people throughout the area.
C.
Conflicting opinions between two groups have kept Japanese officials from doing anything about the water.
D.
The disaster was deadly and had long-lasting environmental and economic effects.
AB.
So, the problem continues and the amount of radioactive water at Fukushima is growing.
AC.
But consumers have not heard that message.
What to Do with Radioactive Water from Fukushima
Japanese officials are trying to decide what to do with thousands of radioactive water from the damaged Fukushima nuclear power plant. People can now work in the area although they take special measures to avoid overexposure to radioactive substances. The water remains a big problem however. Currently, the water is being stored in 900 large tanks near the nuclear center.
(87) __________ Radiation experts advise the government to slowly release the water into the Pacific Ocean. They note that special treatment has removed the radioactivity from the water except for tritium (氚), a radioactive form of hydrogen. The experts say tritium is safe in small amounts.
But local fishermen oppose the release of the water into the sea. (88) __________ The fishermen lost their livelihoods for a long time after the disaster. Local fisheries are slowly recovering. So local fishermen are afraid that it will affect their livelihoods again if the government allows to release the water.
Fifteen months after the disaster in 2012, only three kinds of fish could pass the safety inspection. Now the number has increased to over 100. Yoshiharu Nemoto is a researcher at the Onahama test station. He said the fish may contain less than half of the radioactive cesium (铯) level permitted under Japan’s national standard and one-twelfth of the U. S. or European Union limit.
(89) __________ Over the years, fewer Japanese consumers avoid fish products from waters near Fukushima. But a study by Japan’s Consumer Agency in October found that 20 percent still do. The study found that consumers were more likely to pay attention to information about possible bad health results than to facts about radiation and safety standards.
Kikuko Tatsumi is a representative of a consumer group and serves on a government expert panel (专家组) with Sekiya. He said the delay in making a decision may be increasing concerns among the public. Many people believe the water is stored because it is dangerous and they think Fukushima fish are not available because they are not safe to eat. (90) __________
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
91.
It’s a nightly dilemma (困境) in many families: a student hits a wall doing homework, and his parents are too tired, too busy or too puzzled to help.
Ordering up a tutor is becoming as easy for kids as getting a snack. Students can use a credit card to connect with a live tutor. Such non-stop, no-appointment-needed services can be especially helpful to students with tight budgets or little time or those in remote areas although the quality of on-demand scholastics support may be uneven (不均匀的), and the unstable tutors may be not the best for those who need continuous help. Besides, language barriers can also cause problems on sites which rely on tutors from abroad.
Prices are lower than what many skilled tutors charge in a student’s home. Parents and students say the quick homework fix can ease stress and make evenings at home more peaceful.
Whenever Peggy Bennett of Dallas tries to help her daughter, Chloe Friedman, with her eight-grade physics and math homework, “we’d always end up with quarreling,” Ms. Bennett says, with Chloe often objecting that the teacher did it differently.
Chloe says she doubted when her mom helped her sign up last month on Tutor.com. But after she logged in one evening for math help, a tutor responded within a minute. Chloe says she was guided to figure out the answers, using text chat and an interactive “whiteboard” that displayed their writing and calculations on a screen. After 10 minutes, Ms. Bennett adds, “that was all that she needed.”
Most sites employ moonlighting or retired teachers, college professors or professionals with tutoring experience; most offer scheduled tutoring in addition to on-demand sessions. The most common users are middle and high-schoolers, and college students who take basic courses.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
毫无疑问，良好的医患关系应该建立在善意和相互理解的基础上。(doubt)
专家建议忧心忡忡的家长们关注孩子成长的身心特点，不要过度监控。(suggest)
面对未来不确定的挑战，只要你坚持原则并改进方法，就可能实现自己的梦想。(Faced…; likely)
正是多亏了全球各国采取的有效措施，温室效应在短期内才没有愈演愈烈。(It…)
可穿戴技术使用户能够精确地获取有关自己身体的数据并利用手机app进行分析，但隐私泄露的风险也值得考虑。(enable; access)
VI.Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
老师要求你负责班级墙报工作并征求你的意见。在日记中表述你的决定并谈谈看法。??????
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期末考试参考答案及分析
Listening（共30分）
1-10. BCADA CDBBD（每题1分）
11-20. DBA BCA BCDD（每题2分）
Grammar（每题1分，共15分）
21.
are assumed
考点：谓语动词的时态语态
22.
causing
考点：动词的非谓语形式（-ing）
23.
play
考点：谓语动词的时态语态
24.
Others
考点：代词
25.
that
考点：定语从句（注意：不填which）
26.
that
考点：名词性从句
27.
to assess
考点：动词的非谓语形式（to do）
28.
as / though
考点：倒装/状语从句
Vocabulary（每题1分，共20分）
36-45. D – B – AC – AB – C – BC – ABC – A – CD – BD
Cloze（每题1分，共15分）
56-70. CACBA ADDBB DCACD
Reading（每题2分，共40分）
71-74. DDCB
75-78. BAAD
79-82. BADB
87-90. C – A – AC – AB
Summary（10分）
91. A possible version:
Many families are faced with the difficulty of helping their children with their homework. 【①提出遇到的困难】Ordering up a tutor online is a good way to solve the problem despite a few flaws. 【②尽管有弊端，但“在线家教”是一个较好解决方案。】On-site teachers of good quality are available. 【③好处一：师资质量好（一般是家教经验的老师）。】And it’s more convenient and cheaper than the traditional way in which skilled tutors are invited to their students’ home.【④+⑤好处二与三：更方便（回复及时）+更便宜（与传统上门家教老师相比）。注意：③、④、⑤顺序可调换。】 (Word count: 58)
MSW提示：虽然文中提到“在线家教”坏处有3个，好处有3个，但是坏处的篇幅占比远远少于好处，所以在字数有限的情况下，“坏处”宜笼统地一笔带过。另外，Peggy Bennett与Chloe Friedman显然是代表相当多受惠于“在线家教”的人群，概要写作中不宜出现这些具体的人名，应概括成一种群体共性。
Translation（共20分）
（3分）毫无疑问，良好的医患关系应该建立在善意和相互理解的基础上。(doubt)
There is no doubt that / No doubt a good doctor-patient relationship / relationship between doctors and patients should be based on goodwill / good intentions and mutual understanding.
（4分）专家建议忧心忡忡的家长们关注孩子成长的身心特点，不要过度监控。(suggest)
(The) Experts suggest (that) concerned parents (should) focus on the physical and mental characteristics of their children's development / growth and (should) not over-monitor them.
(The) Experts suggest (that) worried parents (should) pay attention to the physical and mental characteristics of their children's development instead of monitoring them to excess / too much.
（4分） 面对未来不确定的挑战，只要你坚持原则并改进方法，就可能实现自己的梦想。(Faced…; likely)
Faced with the uncertain challenges in the future / ahead, you are likely to make your dream come true / realize your dream as long as you stick to your principles and improve your methods.
（4分）正是多亏了全球各国采取的有效措施，温室效应在短期内才没有愈演愈烈。(It…)
It is thanks to the effective measures taken by the countries around the world that the greenhouse effect is not getting worse in the short term / run.
（5分）可穿戴技术使用户能够精确地获取有关自己身体的数据并利用手机app进行分析，但隐私泄露的风险也值得考虑。(enable; access)
Wearable technology enables users to have precise access to (the) data about their bodies and use mobile apps for analysis, but the risk of revealing / leaking / disclosing their privacy is also worth considering / is worth considering as well.
Wearable technology enables users to access (the) data about their bodies accurately and analyze them on / with their mobile apps, but the risk of privacy disclosure deserves considering / to be considered.
Writing (参考范文)：
Possible version1
I felt very happy today when my teacher asked me to be in charge of a wall newspaper for my class. I consider it an honor and a challenge, an honor because my teacher has confidence in my ability, and a challenge because editing a wall newspaper is totally a new experience to me.
As a wall newspaper consists of both content and design, I plan to divide the whole class into two groups: one dealing with writing and the other dealing with designing. To make the wall newspaper informative, interesting and educational, I will get the writing group to collect the latest science reports as well as human interest stories and rewrite them in simple words. I want to make sure that each and every article in the wall newspaper is fun and easy to read. I will also get the designing group to come up with a layout that is vivid and eye-catching. For this purpose, I will use more pictures than words.
I believe a wall newspaper designed in such a way should meet my teacher's expectations.
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