新世纪英语高二上unit6 The environment 单元同步练习（含答案）

Unit Six The Environment
A．基础练习
I. Write down the words according to the definitions.
1. line or point that may not or can not be passed
2.______________sth. taken, bought or received as a gift, and kept as a reminder of a
person, place or event
3. way of dealing with a difficulty
4.____________rule; order
5. go around to see that all is well
6. play or amusement; refreshment of body and mind
II. Words transformation.
Eg: introduce (v. ) -(n. ) introduction
1. tourism(n.) - (adj.) 2. recreation(n. ) - (adj. )
3. poison(n. ) - (adj. ) 4. solution(n.) - (v.)
5. regulation(n. ) - (v. ) 6. pollute(v. ) - (n. )
III.Translate these phrases.
1. 全世界 2. 重工业
3. 长期的影响__________ 4. 鱼的种类
5. 大量的游客 6. 热带海岛
7. 食物链___________ 8. 最大的威胁之一___________
9. 公平地分享 10. 未来,将来
11. 最普通的问题 12. 把……倾倒入
13. 确定限制范围______ 14. 问题的解决办法_
15. 遭受威胁中 16. have great effect on
17. as a result 18. agree on
19. in fact 20. prevent sb. from doing sth.
21. pile up 224. for fun
23. make laws
IV. Complete the following sentences using one of the phrases mentioned above.
The boys are playing cards just . Don't disturb them.
What teachers say in class the students.
They needn't have taken a taxi.__________, it's only a stone's throw away from here.
The government to protect the environment so that everyone can live
comfortably here.
Eventually, they the places they would visit on holiday!
The heavy rain us going out for a picnic.
Dirt if you don't clean the dormitory every day.
All of us were against the suggestion. , the meeting was called off.
Each country should do everything possible to save the ocean .
10. Although pollution is serious in this area, but still they have not found the proper
V. Verb
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given.
The meeting (hold)tomorrow afternoon is of great importance.
________________ (raise)in the city, he is not used to the life of the countryside.
_______________( see)the film many times, he is very familiar with it.
____________While shopping, people sometimes can't help (persuade) into buying
something they don't really need.
The book is said (translate)into several languages already.
After a long walk, everyone felt (tire)out.
The shopping center (build)now will be the largest one in our town.
— Oh, dear, I smell something (burn).
— God, my fish.
The woman kept her eyes (fix)on her baby for some time.
He stepped in the room, (find)his seat and sat down to read.

VI. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 没有空气和水，地球上就没有生命。 (without)
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2. 每天公司里所发生的事情都逃不过她的眼睛。 (escape)
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3. 难道我们不能把这间小卧室改成一间浴室吗？ (convert)
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4. 在圣诞树灯点亮后，发了礼品。 (give out)
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5. 为了防止这儿的水受到污染，许多工厂都已经关门了。(prevent... from)
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B．综合提高练习
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
In CCTV’s annual consumer-protection show earlier this month, the international sportswear giant Nike was accused of false advertising. Commercials (21)________ (promote) the ―Hyperdunk‖ basketball shoes claimed the product is equipped with high-tech air cushions. The CCTV program, however, revealed that the product didn’t come with the feature. Consumers were apparently misled.
This is, in fact, not the first time Nike (22)________ (catch) cheating Chinese consumers. Back in 2011, consumers complained that that year’s ―Hyperdunk‖ sneakers didn’t have the (23)________(advertise) air cushions in them, either. Such wrongdoings might not mark the end of Nike (24)________ a respectable and reliable brand among loyal shoppers, but Nike needs to realize that (25)________ one day consumers’ trust in it vanishes（消失）, so will its sales. By then, it will be impossible for the brand (26)________(restore) its reputation.
China is an important base for Nike (27)________ it accounts for about ten percent of the company’s market. Over the past three decades, numerous NBA greats, from Michael Jordan to LeBron James, have been shown wearing Nike’s gear, proving its quality.
Placing misleading advertisements once again has dampened some consumers’ trust in Nike. Fortunately, Nike issued a timely apology last week, offering a 4500-yuan refund, (28)________ is three times the cost of the shoes. These gestures show that the company has somewhat realized its mistake and wants to re-establish consumers’ trust in it.
Sportswear companies often push the truth of their products by having famous athletes wearing them. If Usain Bolt is seen in a commercial dashing with Nike, it might be implied that the shoes (29)________ enable you to run faster. However, there are limits to (30)________ can be said to promote a product. With lying comes distrust, and with distrust comes collapse. That’s why Nike, and any other company, needs to be more careful with advertising in the future.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
efforts B. pleasure C. amazing D. similar E. desire F. existence
G. especially H. draws I. familiar J. necessarily K. creating
Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the __26__ of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday life.
This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the __27__ that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy （幻想）literature or movies life The Lord of the Ring. This sense of wonder __28__ us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe(假想)。 But have we gone so far in__29__ worlds of fantasy that we are missing the __30__ of the worlds that already exist all around us?
Human beings, as biologists have suggested , possess an inborn __31__to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, __32__ in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more __33__ with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. As a matter of fact, without modern technology, a small pond could be an __34__world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction with the world around us, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen.
The world of make-believe is not __35__bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something, a connection with the living world.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Recently, Pew Research Center announced that over a quarter of Americans have shared a selfie online. Unsurprisingly, the practice of photographing oneself and sharing that image via social media has ___51___ among all age groups. Evidence of its mainstream nature is seen in other aspects of our culture too. Last year, "selfie" was not only added to the Oxford English Dictionary, but also named Word of the Year.
Yet, despite the huge number of people practicing it, ___52___ is also surrounding selfie. An assumption that sharing selfies is embarrassing runs throughout the journalistic and scholarly coverage on the topic. Negative words like "self-centered" and "___53___" have inevitably become a part of any conversation about selfies among scholars.
But, over a quarter of all Americans are relying on it. Why? The usual reasons given by scholars—self-center and fame-seeking—seem too ___54___ to explain such a crowd acting. There is always more to a social cultural practice than what ___55___.
Simply put, physical and digital technology make it possible. The idea that technology ___56___ the social world and our lives has been recognized by people. To some extent, world is shaped by technological revolutions. The selfie is not a(n) ___57___ form of expression. Artists have created self-portraits for centuries, from cave to oil paintings, to early photography and modern art. People are ___58___ their feelings and thoughts through certain media. What's original about today's selfie is its public popularity. Technological advancement ___59___ the self-portrait used to be restricted to the art world and gave it to the masses. Those digital front-facing cameras, social media platforms, and wireless communications conveniently available make selfie a job ___60___ any time anywhere.
Besides, We are not ___61___ beings living by ourselves. We are social beings who live in social communities, and as such, our lives are fundamentally formed by social relations with other people. As photos meant to be ___62___, selfies are not individual acts; they are social gestures. Selfies, as well as our presence on social media generally, are a part of “identity work"--the work that we do on a daily basis to ___63___ that we are seen by others as we wish to be seen. In fact, the crafting and display of identity has long been understood as a social process. The selfies we take and show are to present a ___64___ image of us so as to become a part of our identity formation and ___65___.
51. A. flowered B. returned C. imposed D. functioned
52. A. negotiation B. criticism C. regret D. punishment
53. A. self-contained B. self-evident C. self-absorbed D. self-financed
54. A. necessary B. smart C. certain D. shallow
55. A. meets the eye B. takes the lead C. raises the alarm D. makes the point
56. A. operates B. produces C. structures D. ruins
57. A. advanced B. new C. intelligent D. available
58. A. offering B. revising C. inspiring D. conveying
59. A. liberated B. tagged C. honoured D. maintained
60. A. at length B. with ease C. at large D. with regards
61. A. isolated B. courageous C. traditional D. civilized
62. A. saved B. shared C. updated D. deleted
63. A. claim B. suppose C. ensure D. signal
64. A. fashionable B. skillful C. mysterious D. particular
65. A. summary B. evaluation C. monitoring D. exhibition
Section B
(A)
The teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happens, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught me in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.
During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre—not just children’s theatre, but adult comedies and dramas—and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.
My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humour, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her.
Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication. A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities—and it did—but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.
Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favourite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted (多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path.
1.Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?
A. She lent her some serious classics. B. She cultivated her taste for music.
C. She discovered her talent for dancing. D. She introduced her to adult plays.
2.What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A. A book of great fun. B. A writer of high fame.
C. A serious masterpiece. D. A heartbreaking play.
3.Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ______.
A. develop her capabilities for writing B. give her a chance to collect material
C. involve her in teenage social activities D. offer her a series of writing jobs
4.We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who ______.
A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplined
B. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potential
C. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils.
D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learning
(B)
Editor in Chief
IndoTrading .com
Jakarta, Indonesia
Brief
Job Category: Media &Journalism
Job Type: Full-time
Salary Range: IDR 6,000,000-8,000,000
Industries: Classifieds, E-Commerce Platforms
Job Description &Requirements
Responsibilities:
● Responsible for selecting the writers, planning the content and publishing schedule, assign them stories and edit their articles, write larger stories, oversee features and business editors.
● Responsible for creating original that fits our brand, engage customers across all marketing channels, including but not limited to websites and social media.
● Responsible for setting the tone, editorial direction and policies.
●Responsible for the overall and day to day management and supervision of the News Department
● Develop, implement and improve digital content& digital program.
● Ensure the final draft is complete and there are no omissions, cross-checking facts, spelling, grammar, writing style and page design.
● Maintain and build good relationship with internal and external.
● Motivate and develop News Department team.
Requirements:
● Passionate about writing and journalism articles on business aspect& having a good leadership.
● Familiar and able to write the articles in business aspect.
● Candidate must possess at least a Bachelor’s Degree in Advertising/Media/Journalism, Mass
● Communications or equivalent.
● Good in communication, content development and management skill.
● At least 5 years of working experience in the related field.
● Internet ability with a good sense of content that works well online.
● Preferably Manager /Assistant Managers specializing in Journalism / Editor or equivalent.
● A team player who cooperates well with internal teams on original ideas, best practices and optimalization.
● Full-time position(s) available.
● Applicants must be willing to work in JL.Meruya ilir Raya, Business Park Kebon Jeruk Jakarta Barat
Required skills
● Copywriting &Editing, Creating Writing
60. This job advertisement is most likely to appear ______.
A. in a magazine B. in a newspaper C. on a website D. on a poster
61. An editor in chief is expected to ______.
A. read the first draft carefully and correct errors
B. decide on the tone, style and details of the articles
C. select capable writers and give them special training
D. establish good relationship with colleagues and customers
62. The applicants for the position must ______.
A. have the ability to plan the content
B. possess a bachelor’s degree in business
C. be able to write creative articles in different aspects
D. have the experience of being a manager or equivalent
Section C
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. But there’s no need for embarrassment.
B. If you want proof, turn on the sports channel.
C. As we grow older, we don’t abandon this system – we internalize it.
D. This so-called inner speech can improve our performance on various tasks.
E. Conducting a dialogue with ourselves might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.
F. Psychologists refer to this as private speech – language that is spoken out loud but directed at the self.

Your Own Best Friend
Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a tricky speech ahead of time, you’ll have felt the social restriction against communicating with yourself in words. According to the well-known saying, talking to yourself is the first sign of madness.
__67__ Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads, is a valuable tool for thought. Far from being a sign of foolishness, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities, regulate our emotions and even create a narrative of our experience.
Take a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with her toys. You are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and giving voice to her frustrations. __68__ We do a lot of it when we are young – perhaps one reason for our shyness about continuing with it as adults.
As children, according to the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to regulate our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. __69__
Psychological experiments have shown that the distancing effect of our words can give us a valuable perspective on our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we address ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”.
We internalize the private speech we use as children – but we never entirely put away the out-loud version. __70__ You’re sure to see an athlete or two getting themselves ready for a sharp phrase or scolding themselves after a bad shot.
Both kinds of self-talk seem to bring a range of benefits to our thinking. Those words to the self, spoken silently or aloud, are so much more than lazy talk.
III. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
凡事有自己的判断，而不人云亦云是非常重要的。(It)
2. 直到20世纪晚期他才奠定了自己作为知名音乐人的地位。（Not until）
3. 在车展会上，一位经验丰富的销售员正在展示车迷们翘首以盼的新型智能轿车。（demonstrate）
4. 在班级里落后没有让他气馁。相反， 他不遗余力地为他的目的进行拼搏。（effort）
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
California condors are North American’s largest birds, will wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.
In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now?more than 150 flying over?California?and nearby?Arizona,?Utah?and Baja in?Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.
Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead.?This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.
Rideout’s team thinks that the?California?condors’ average survival time in the wild is now?just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”
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Keys
Unit Six The Environment

基础练习
I . 1. limit 2. souvenir 3. solution 4. regulation 5. patrol 6. recreation
II. 1. tourist 2. recreational 3. poisonous 4. solve 5. regulate 6. pollution
III.1. all over the world 2. heavy industry 3. long-term effect 4. species of fish
5. large numbers of tourists 6. tropical island 7. food chain 8. one of the biggest threats 9. share sth. fairly 10. in the future 11. the most common problem 12. dump... into 13. set the limit 14. solution to the problem 15. under threat 16. 对……产生影响 17. 结果 18. 就……达成一致 19. 事实上 20. 阻止某人做某事 21. 堆积起来 22. 闹着玩地 23. 制定法律
IV. 1. for fun 2. will have great effect on 3. In fact 4. is making laws 5. agreed on 6. prevented... from 7. will pile up 8. As a result 9. under threat 10. solution to the problem
V. 1. to be held 2. Raised 3. Having seen 4. being persuaded 5. to have been translated 6. tired 7. being built 8. burning 9. fixed 10. found
V.
1. Without air and water, there would be no life on the earth.
2. Nothing that happens in the company every day can escape her eyes.
3. Can't we convert the small bedroom into a bathroom?
4. After the Christmas tree was lighted, the presents were given out.
5. In order to prevent water from being polluted, many factories here have been closed.
B．综合提高练习
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
promoting 22. has been caught 23. advertised 24. as 25. if 26. to restore 27.because/as
28. which 29. can 30. what
Section B
26. F 27. A 28. H 29. K 30. B 31. E 32. G 33. I
34. C 35. J
II. Reading comprehension
Section A
51-65 ABCDA ? CBDAB ?ABCDD
Section B
(A) DAAB (B) CDA (C) A F C B
III. Translation
1.It is very important to have your own judgment in everything rather than repeat what others say all the time.?
2. Not until the late twentieth century , did he establish himself as a well-known musician.
3. At the car exhibition, an experienced salesman was demonstrating a new smart car which the car fans were looking forward to.
4. Lagging behind in class didn’t discourage him. On the contrary, he spared no effort to struggle for his aim.
IV. Summary Writing: 参考答案：
Two measures have been taken to save California condors from extinction for decades. First, to keep condors away from electrical lines, electric shock training let them experience bitter but not fatal shock. Second to clear lead from their blood, some are given medical treatment at the zoo. As the statistics show, these efforts have had good results.