中考高分宝典——初中物理中考复习讲义
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
15
2
3
4
1 2
1
1
1
2
15 340m/s
3
2
3
1 0.1s
17m 17m
2 20Hz 20000Hz 20000Hz 20Hz
3
B
4
1
2
1 2010 2010
________ ________
________
C 3 1
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2 2010 2010 3 28 4 2
________
3 2010
A B C D
4 2010
A B
C D
5 2010
A
B
C
D
1 1—1
A B C D
2
A B
C
D
3 ”
A B C D
4 1-2
A 400Hz B
C D 15Hz
5 1-3
C 3 2
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6 1-4
A B
C D
7 1-5
A B
C D
8
________
9 1
2 3
1 ________________________________ 2 ________________________________
3 ________________________________
10 ________
________
11 1-6
________
12 ________
13 ________ ________
14
________________ ________________
1
A B C D
2
A B C D
C 3 3
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3 1-7
A B
C D
4
A B
C
D
5 1-8
A B C D
6
A B
C D 3×108m/s
7
A B C D
8
________ ________
________ ________
9 ________kHz ________kHz
10 1-9
________
________________________
11 1-10
________
________
12 ________ ________
13 1-11 ________ ________
C 3 4
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14
________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
15 547.5m 3s 340m/s
m/s
16
340m/s 3
17
1 10 cm
________
2 1-12
3 10 cm
1-12 AOB ________
________
4 ________
C 3 5
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1 1-13
2
A
B
C
D
3 1-14
A B C D
4
A B
C D
5
A B
C D
6
A
B
C
D
7
A B C D
8 ________
________
________
9
________ ________
10 ________
________ ________
11
________ ________
12
l-15 ________ ________
C 3 6
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13 1-16 ________
________ ________
14
1
________
2
________________________________________________
15
1
2
3
l—17
________ ________ ________
1-17
________ ________ ________
16 20m/s 720m
340m/s
C 3 7
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17 17m 30 km
v1=340m/s v2=3×108m/s
18
________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
C 3 8
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2011 2
1
2
3
4
1 2
1 2
1
1
2 3×108m/s
2
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
D
C 3 9
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1 2010 2-1 M
A B C D
2 2010
___________
3 2010 2-2
B A
4 2008 2-4 S
P
5 2010 2-6
1 B ________
2 ________
3
1 2-7
A ” B ”
C D ”
2
A B C D
C 3 1 0
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3
A B
C
D
4
A B C D
5
A B C D
6
A B
C D
7 2-8
A B
C D
8 ”
________ ________
9 ________
________
10 ________
11 2-9 2010
________
12 2008
________
13 60
________
14 3
________
1
A
B
C
D
2 2-10
A OA B OB C OC D OD
3
A B C D
C 3 1 1
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4
A 2009 7
B
C
D
5 2-11
A 2.1 m B 2.5 m C 4.6 m D 5m
6
A B
C D
7 2-12
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
8 3×108________ B
v1 v2 v1________v2 “> “< “=
9 2-13 30
________ ________
10
________ 5m 2.3m
________m
11
________ ________
12 2-14
________ ________ ________
A B C
2-14
C 3 1 2
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13 ________
________
14 2009 7 22 2-15
________ 2-15 ________
15 2-16 OB AO
16 2-17 AB A’B’
17 P 2-18
P 2-18
18 2-19
1 2-19 ________
2 ________ ________
3 ___________________________________
19 2-20
d
1 ________________________________________________
2 ________________________________________________________________________________
3 ________ ________________
3 d ________________________________
C 3 1 3
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20 2-21
i 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80°
6.7° 13.3° 19.6° 25.2° 30.7° 35.1° 38.6° 40.6°
1
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2 __________________________
__________________________________________________________________
1
2-22 A
A B
C D
2 5 m 2-23 3 m
A 1 m B 1.5 m C 2 m D 3 m
3 2-24 a b c
A B a
C c D
4 2-25
C 3 1 4
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5 S MN MN S 2 m/s
60 2-26 S
S’
A 4 m/s SO
B 2 m/s SO
C 2 m/s SO
D S S'S 2 m/s S
6 v1 v2 v3
A v1v2=v3 C v1>v2>v3 D v1=v2=v3
7
A B C D
8 ________
________
9 ________
________
10 2-27 ________
________
11 8 m 6 t
________
12 1.6 m 1 m ________m 0.5 m/s
4 s ________m ________ ”
13 2-28 O S’
S ________
14 ________ 50
________
15 2-29
C 3 1 5
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16 2-30 O 60 O
P
17 2-31 O AB
c c
18
1
________ ________ ”
2 ________
19 2-32
A B A
1 ________
A ________
2 A B A ________
A B ________ ________
3
A A B
B A 2
C 3 1 6
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20 A
1 B A
2-33 ________________________________________________
2 B A ________________________________
3 2-33
4
21 2-34
________ AO OB OC
2-34 AO
C 3 1 7
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
1 2
1
1
2
3
4
5
u>2f fu=2f v=2f
f2f
u=f
uu
6
2
1
2 20cm 25cm
3
4
3
1
2
3
C 3 1 8
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GFJW0901
1 2010 3-1
A
B
C D
2 2009 3-2 A'B' AB AB
A I A'B' B A'B'
C A'B' D A'B'
3 2009 3-3
A B 3-3 C D
4 2009 a
b c d 3-4
A B b
C d D 6 c
5 2009 3-5
________ ________ ________
________
1
A B C D
2
A B
C 3 1 9
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C D
3
A B
C D
4
A B C D
5
A B
C
D
6 3-6
A B
C D
7 20cm
A 5cm B 10cm C 15cm D 20cm
8 2009 7 22 500 3-7
________ ________
9 ________
10 ________ 3cm
________3cm
11 ________
________
12
________ ________
________ ________
13 ________ ________
________
14 ________
________
15 3-8
16 3-9
17 3-10 F O
C 3 2 0
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18 3-11 F H 2
1 ________
2 ________
A
________
3 ________
19
1 10cm
________cm
2 3-12
________
3 2
________ ________
/cm
1 25
2 20
3 15
4 5
1
A B
C D
2
A B
C D
3 10cm
C 3 2 1
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A B
C D
4 3-13
A B C D
5
A B
C
D
6 3-14 S( ) L M N
S L P 3-15
7 3-16 a b c d F
A c
B d
C a
D F
8
________ ________
9 3-17 ________
________
10 3-18
________ ________
11 3-19 2010 15cm
________ 15cm ________
C 3 2 2
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12 ________
________ ________
13 3-20 “YS ________
________
14 3-21 a b c ________
3-22
3-21 ________
15 3-23 A1 A2
A2 A1
1 A1
2 A2
16 3-24
17 5cm AB 3-25
AB
18
1
3-26 ________
2 3-27
________
C 3 2 3
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3
19
1
u/cm f/cm V/cm
1 8 17
15 2 10 30
3 12 60
________
1 ________
2 “E 3-28
3-28 “E “R
3-28 ________
1
A B 2
C 1
D
2
A B C D
3 3-29
A B C D
4
A B
C D
5 3-30
A B
C D
C 3 2 4
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6 2cm 5cm 4cm
A 7.5cm B 12.5cm C 4.5cm D 10cm
7 3-31
3-32
8 ________
________
9 3-33 ________
________ ________ 2 1 2
________
10 3-34 ________
________ ________
11 3-35 ________
12 3-36
25cm
________
________
13
20cm 25cm
________ 5cm ________
________
14 3-37
________
C 3 2 5
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15 3-38 A'B' AB
F
17 3-40 F1 F2 CF2 AB
CF2
16 3-39 O F
AB A'B'
CD C’D’
18
1 ________
2
f=10cm
u/cm 60 30 20 15 12
h/cm 0.4 1 2 4 10
________
_______________________________________________________________
19
1 3-41
________ ________cm
2
________________________________
3 16cm 3-41
________ ________
________
C 3 2 6
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2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
1 2
1
1
1
100 0 0 100 100 1
2
a b
c
2
1
2
3
3
1
C 3 2 7
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2
1 2008 ________ ________ ________
________
A B C D
2 2010 4-1
________________ ________
________________
3 2009 4-2
________
________
——
4 2008
4-3 ________
4-4
________
1 4-8
A B
C D
2 4-9
A B
C D
C 3 2 8
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3
________ ________ ________
_____________
4
________ ________
________
5 4-10 ________
________ 6 ________
6 4-11
________ ________
7 l0mL 10mL 20mL
________
8
/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
/ 40 42 44 46 48 48 48 48 48 48 50 53 56
/ 40 41 42 44 46 47 48 49 51 52 54 56 59
1 ________
2 ________
3 42 ________
1 2010 2
A B C D
2 4-12
3
A B C D
C 3 2 9
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4
A ”
B ”
C ”
D ”
5 4-13
A B C D
6
A B
C D
7
A B
C D
8 ________
________
9 4-14 22 “22
22________
________
10 ________
________
11
________ ________
12 4-15 ________
________
13
/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
/ -4 -3 -2 -1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4
1 ________ 2 ________
3 2 ________
14
C 3 3 0
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4-16
4-17
1 ________ ________
2 ________ ________
________
” ”
1
A B
C D
2
A B
C D
3
A B ”
C D
4 4-18
A BC
B 0
C CD
D DE
5
1 2 ”
3 4
A 1 2 B 2 4 C 1 3 D 3 4
6
A B C D
C 3 3 1
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7
4-19
A B
C D
8 —— 4-20
________
9
________ _________
________
10 1
/ /
1 80 ________
2 -50 ________ -39 357
-117 78
11 ________
________ ________
0 ________ ________
12 3×104
________
13
4-21
1 ________
/min … 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 …
/ … 90 91 93 97 98 98 98 98 98 98 …
2 ________
3 100
______________________________________________________
14 90 1 min
5 min
/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
/ 90 92 94 98 98 98 98 98
1 4-22
2 ________ ________
1
3 4-23
C 3 3 2
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15
16
4-24
1 ________ ________ ________
2
3 ________
C 3 3 3
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2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1 2
1
1
2
3
4
2
3
1
2
4
1
2
3
4
C 3 3 4
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GFJW0901
5
1 A
mA A 1 A=103mA 1A=106 A
2
“+
3 I=I1=I2 I=I1+I2
6
1 —— —— —— ——
220 V
2
3
4
5
1 2010
5-1
A B C D
2 5-2
C 3 3 5
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1
A B C D
2
A B C D
3
A B
C D
4
5-4
A B C D
5 5-5 S
A B C D
6
A B C D
7
5-6
A B C D
8 A B A B A C A ________
B C ________
C 3 3 6
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9 5-7 ________A
10 5-8 ________ L1 L2 ________
11 ________
12 5-9
13 ________________ ________
14 3V 0.3
________A ________________________________
1
A B C D
2 5-10 S
L1 L2
A L1 B L1
C L1 D L1
3 250 W 300 W 100 W 2200 W
250 W 800 W 40 W 8
A 220 V 5 A B 220 V 15 A C 220 V 20 A D 220 V 30 A
4 5-11 A
A B C D
5 5-12
A B C D
C 3 3 7
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6 5-13 a b
5-13
A B C D
7 5-14 A B C
IA=0.5 A IB=0.3 A IC=0.2 A
A B
C D
8 4 5 5
________kW·h ________ 0.5
9 ________V
________
10 5-15 ________ “L1 “L2 “L1”
“L2 ________ “L1 “L2 “L1 “L2 L1 L2
________
11 5-16 A B ________
A B ________________
________
12 5-17 A B
S1 ________ S1 S2 ________
13 5-18 S S1 S2 ________ S S1 S2
________ ________
C 3 3 8
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14 5-19 R1 10 S1 0.3 A S2
0.45 A R2 ________
15 ”
5-20
1
______________________________________________________________
2 1
________________
3 2
________
4 1 2 ________________________________
1
5-21
A B C D
2 5-22
A S2 S1 S3 R1 R2 B S2 S1 S3 R1 R2
C S1 S2 S3 R1 R2 D S1 S2 S3 R1 R2
C 3 3 9
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3 5-23
A B C D
4
5
A B C D
5 M S1
L S2 S1 S2 5-24
A B C D
6 S1
S2 S2
A B C D
7
“220 V 3 A 5min
110 r
A 2 400 r B 2 0 00 r C 1 500 r D 1 200 r
8
________ ________________
9 ________ ________
________
10 ________ ________
2 3
3 ________kW·h
C 3 4 0
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11 ________V 25mA
25mA=________A
12 ________
5-26 ________
________________________________
13 5-27
14 5-28 I I1 I2
1 ________________________________________
2 2
________________________________________________________________________________
15 5-29
A B C
1 _____________________________________________________
2 ________________________________ ________________
3 _________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
C 3 4 1
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1 D 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 A 7 A
8 9 0.48 10 S1S3 S2S3 11 12 A D A E
13 14 10
1 D 2 D 3 C 4 B 5 B 6 C 7 B
8 40 20 9 220 10 L2 L1 L2 11 12
13 LlL3 LlL2 L2 14 20
15 1 2 R1 3 4
1 D 2 A 3 B 4 A 5 B 6 B 7 B
8 9 10 40 11 36 0.025
12
13
14 1 2
15 1
2
3 3 A B C
C 3 4 2
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1 2
3 4
5
1
1
1 1.5 V 2 V 220 V 36 V
2
2
1
U=U1+U2
2
U=U1=U2
3
R
k M 1 M =1 000 k 1 k =1 000
4
5
1
2 “
3 “50 1.5A 50 50 0
50 1.5 A 1.5 A
4
5
6
C 3 4 3
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GFJW0901
1 2010
A B
C D
2 2010 6—1
A B
C D
3 2009 Rt t
6—2 R0=20 U=3 V
1 Rt t ________________
2 0 V
3
1 R1=20+0.5t 2 1.5 V 3
4 2009 6—3
6-3
1 6—3
________________________________________ ________________________________________
6—3 “×”
2
C 3 4 4
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________________________________________________
3 “2.5 V
2.5 V 6-3 ________________
6-3 U-I
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4 6-3
0-9 999.9 A B C D
A 1 2
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
P =________________________
1
A B
C D
2
A B C D
3
A B C D
4 6—5 P B
6—5
A CD B AD C CB D AB
C 3 4 5
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5 6—6 L1 L2 “3V 0.25 A 3 1.5 V
A S L1 L2 B S
C L1 L2 b D M B A
6—6 6—7
6 6—7 S L1 L2
A a B a L1 b
C b L2 c D c
7 6—8 L1L2
6—8
A L1 B L2 C L1 D L2
8 ________V ________
9 36V 30mA
________ ________
10 6-9 S a b U
a c U b c ________________________________
11 6—10 C
________ P ________
12 6 11
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
C 3 4 6
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13 “10 0.3A “30 0.6A
________A
________ V
14 6—12 R1 R2 S1 S2
S2 ________ ________ ________
15
1
________
2 6—13
________________
________ ________
1 6—14 S P
A B C D
2 6—15 S R2 P
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B A V1
C V1 V2
D V1 V2
3 6—16 R1=R2
A R1 B R1 C R2 D R2
4 R’
C 3 4 7
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A B C D
5 6—18 L
A a b c B a b c
C a b c D a b c
6 6—19 P
AB R1 S F
A B
C D
7 6—20 V1 9 V V2 3 V
R1 R2
A 2:1 B 1:2 C 3:1 D 1:3
8 6—21 6—22
R1 R2 ________V ________V
9 ________ ________
10 6—23 ________
11 ________
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________
C 3 4 8
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12 ________ 6-25
S P V1 V2
R1 ________ 1 1 1
13 6—26
U1 U2 U
1
2
________
________________________
3 RV RL RV/RL=________
4
________
C 3 4 9
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14
20 1A 5 10 6—27
1 6—27
2 ________ “A “B
3
4
________
A B R1
C R2 D
5 ________________________________________________________
1 6—28
A B B
C D
2 6—29 S
C 3 5 0
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A B
C L2 D L2
3 6—30
A B
C D
4 6—31
A L1 B L2 C L1 D L2
5 6—32
A B
A B
C D
6 6—33 L1 L2 b b S
A a b B a b
C a b D a b
7 6-34 S
P
A
B
C
D
8 ________
________
9 6—35 R1 R2 S
b a ________ ________
C 3 5 1
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10 6-36 S L1 L2
L1 ________
L2 ________
11 6—37 ________ ________
12 6—38 L
L2 A C
B ________ _________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
13 L1 L2
6—39
1 AB BC AC UAB=0 V UBC=12
V UAC=12 V ________
2
AB U1/V BC U2/V AC U3/V
1 4 8 12
2 6 6 12
________________________________________
3 ________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
C 3 5 2
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14
1 6—40
2 L1
3 L2
B A C
4 AC
1 ________
2 L2 ________________________________
3 AB BC AC
________
UAB/V UBC/V UAC/V
2.4 1.4 3.75
4 ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
1 C 1 C 3 C 4 B 5 A 6 C 7 C
8 220 9 1 200 10 L1 11 A B D C 12
13 0.3 12 14
15 1 2 a c
1 B 2 A 3 B 4 B 5 C 6 B 7 A
8 7.2 1.8 9 10 3 204 11 12
1
13 1
2 3 12 4
14 1 2 A 3 4 D
5
1 B 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B 6 C 7 B
8 9 10 11 0.7A 12 5V 12
13 1 L1 L2 L1 L2
2
3
14 1 2
3 4
C 3 5 3
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1 2
3
4
1 2
3
1 2
1
2
1
2 I U
R
3 I U R
A V
4
I1 I 2 I3 U U1 U 2 R R R
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3 S
1
A
U V
2 R
I
3 R R
4
1 36V
2
3
4
C 3 5 4
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GFJW0901
5
1 2009 7-1
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S 10 20 5
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GFJW0901
1
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C
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GFJW0901
10 7-13 R1 10 S A1 2A A2
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GFJW0901
1 R1=3 R2=6
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GFJW0901
8 7-23 P B ________
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GFJW0901
2 A V1
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GFJW0901
1
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
1 7-33 S
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2 7-34 “2A 20 7-35
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GFJW0901
A R 5 B R 10
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12 7-45
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GFJW0901
2
3 Rx
14 7-47 0—3V R0=60
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GFJW0901
15 7-48
S 4V 0.4A
S 6V
1 R1 R2
2
16 7-49 6V R1
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
1
1
U 2
2 W=Ult=Pt W t I 2 Rt
R
3 J kW·h
1 kW·h=3.6×106J
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
3
6
1
2
3
1 2010 8-1
S P ________
________ ”
2 2010 8-2
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A P A S1 S2 L
B P A S1 S2 L
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8-3
1
2 3 min 12 min
C 3 6 8
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
4 2009 8-4 S a P
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U-I 8-4
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GFJW0901
4 8-6
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5 “8V 4W L1 “4V 2W L2
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9 “6V 3W 12V ________
________
10 “6V 3W “100 1A
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11 8-8
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12 8-9 L1 “6V 3W S S1
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GFJW0901
2
________ /V 3 2.5 2
________________________ /A 0.44 0.4 0.34
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GFJW0901
17 8-12 “6V 3W 10
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GFJW0901
5 8-16 12V L “6V 3W
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GFJW0901
14 8-21 6V L1 L2 “6V 6W “6V 3W
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GFJW0901
17
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3
18 8-25 R1 R2
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GFJW0901
19 8-26 R M
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GFJW0901
3 8-29 S
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4 8-30 E F 36V S1 S2
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
440 ________A ________W
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GFJW0901
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GFJW0901
1 S1 S3 S2 L
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
1 2
3
1
1
1
2
3
——
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5
2
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
1 2009 9-1 ________
________
________________
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____________________________________________________________________________________
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
5 9-6
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11 9-7 ________________________
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
1
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GFJW0901
11 9-15 _______
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___________ P ___________
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________________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________________
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GFJW0901
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GFJW0901
11 9-25 ab
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_________ ________________________
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GFJW0901
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GFJW0901
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GFJW0901
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22 12
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
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27 16
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____________________________
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GFJW0901
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
1
1
2 —— ——
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4
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2
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GFJW0901
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________
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GFJW0901
1 3G 3G
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
1 2
1
1
2
3 10-10m
2
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
3
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2
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B
C
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C D
C 3 9 7
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GFJW0901
4 2010
60
1
________
2 ________
________
3 11-3
________
1
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C D
2
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3
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GFJW0901
13 —— 14 16
11-6 ________g 11-6
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________
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________
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GFJW0901
2
11-10 ________g 100 g
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GFJW0901
A A 32 g B B 8 g
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________________________________________________________
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____________
11-16 _____________g
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________ ________
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3 11-19
11-19 =________kg/m3
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4 11-22
________________
1
A B
C D
2 100 g
2 g
A 102 g B 98 g C 104 g D 96 g
3
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________ ________ ________
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11 11-24 ________m3 1.2×103kg/m3
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13 1998
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14 A 20g B 0.1kg VA:VB=______
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15
1 11-25
________
2 ________
3 20g 5g
________g
4 11-25
20mL ________cm3
5 ________kg/m3
16 11-26 m1
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1 11-27 m3=________g
2 11-27
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3 ________
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2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6 7
1 2
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
“v
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/ m/s / km/h 1m/s=3.6km/h
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2
4
5
5
1
2
6
1
2
1 2010 3 000m
________
________
________________
2 2010
A B
C D
3 2010
A B
C D
4 2010 100 N 12-1 F
A B
C D 10 N
5 2010 12-2
A B
C D
6 2010
A B
C D
C 3 1 0 7
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1
A B
C D
2
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C
D
3
A B
C D
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A M N B P Q
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8 12-5 ________cm
9 120km/h
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10 2010 12-6
________
________
11 12-7 _____ _____
C 3 1 0 8
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_______
12 2010 5 28
5860m 20m/s ________s
________
13
92km 250km/h ________h ________min
________
14 ________
________
________
15 12-8
1
________________________________________________________________________________
2
________________________________________________
________________
3
________________________________________________
16
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km
1
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2 25km/h 1
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1
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2 12-9
A B C D
12-9
3
A
B
C
D
4 12-10
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8 72km/h ________m/s 2 h
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9 ________
________
C 3 1 1 0
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________
10 ________ ________
11 4 N 1 N
________N
12 12 N 20 N ________
32 N ________ 8 N
13 40 N 50 N _______N _______N
14 200 N 350 N ________
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______________
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1 _____________________________________
2 ________________________________________________________
3 ________
4 ________
17 12-15
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3 12-16 T2 L ____
4
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
5 _____________________________________________
18
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1 ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2 ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
19
3min 10km 12-18
28min
1 ___________________________
2
1
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2
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6 m F 12-20
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7 12-21 m1 m2
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________________m
9 ________ ________
10 12-22 A B ________
________
11 12-23
10 N ________N ________N
12 ________ ________
________ ________ ________
13 50 N 80 N
________ ________
14 12-24 ________________________________________
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________________________
2 ________________
________
16
12-26
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s /m s /m
km/h 1 2
60 11 20
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2011 2
1
2 G=mg
3
4
5
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
1
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4
3
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2
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4
5
4
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3 2009 13-3
A
B
C
D
4 2010 15N 13-4
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5 2010 13-5 A
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C D
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4
A B
C D
5 120 N
A 120 N B 60 N C 240 N D 30 N
6
A B “N
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7 13-10 1000 N 400 N 2m
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8 ________________
13-11 ________
9 13-12 ________ ________ ________
10 13-13 A
ABC ________ 13-13
________________________________________________________________
11 13-14
________________________________ ________________
________________
12 ________ ________ ________
13 5 kg ________N
3 N ________N ________
14 13-15 ____________ _____________
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15
13-16
16 1 13-17
2 13-17 O F1
17
1 ________
________________________________
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C D
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2 13-20 800 N
500 N
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3
A B
C D
4 13-21
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l0 40 N 10 N
________N 18 N ________N
11 13-26 13-26 O
F1 F2 AO=6 cm BO=1cm F1=25N F2=________N
12 13-27 OA G=60N A F
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13 13-28 O
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14 6 cm 500 g 2 kg
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15 13-29
16 13-30
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18
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m/V
________________________________
19 1 13-33
________ ________
2 13-34 20 N A B 10 N F1
___________N
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m 4.6×107kg
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4
13-37
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C D
6 13-39
7
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C D
8 13-40 ________
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________
11 13-43 G 200 N F ________N 400 N
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12 13-44 A 180 N 20N A F=________N A 1
m F ________m
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2 1 3 ________________________
3 1 4 ________________________________________________
4 2 5 D D
________ ________ ________ ________
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18
G
m/kg G/N / N·kg-1
m
1 0.1 0.98 9.8
2 0.2 1.96 9.8
3 0.3 2.94 9.8
1 ________ ________
2 ________________
3 g 9.8 N/kg g
g
g 9.78 9.788 9.794 9.794 9.801 9.803 9.816 9.832
0 23 06’ 30 33’ 31 12’ 39 56’ 40 40’ 55 45’ 90
g ________________ g ________________
g ________________________________
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2 1 m ________m
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2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2 3
1
2
P F Pa
S
3
1 h
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2
V =V F G Pa
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7
1 2
3
8
1 2010
A
B
C D
2 2010
14-1
______________ ______________
3 2010
A F =F B FF D
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C
D
5 2009
S
14-3
G
1 ________
________
2
________________________________________________________________________________
6 2009
55m 1.0×103kg/m3 g
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7 2009 14-4
A B
20cm A 3/5
g=10 N/kg
1
2 A
3 A A
F1 B A A
F2 F1:F2
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7 a 14-7
14-8 F h
8 6×103kg 600cm2 ________N
________Pa 14-9 ________________
g 10 N/kg
9 1 100
14-10 ________
________________ 1
10 14-11 ________________
________________
11 14-12 ________ ________
________
12 14-13 ______N
______ ________
13 125cm3 ________N
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14 14-14
________kg/m3 ________kg/m3 g 10 N/kg
15 14-15
1 ________
2 _____________________________________
________ ___________________________________________
________
16
14-16a b c d d ________
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________ ________________
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17 14-17 10 s 80m
40kg 15cm2 g 10 N/kg
1
2
3
18
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1
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5 14-21 G1 G2
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20 39.5m 20.2m
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___________________ g 10N/kg =1.0×103kg/m3
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12 10 N 20 N
________N ________
________N
13 7500 t ________N
________m3 3m ________Pa
14 89g 1/3 8.9×103kg/m3
________cm3 ________cm3
15 1m
14-27 14-27
14-27
1 14-27 ________________________________________________________
2 14-27 _______________________________________________________________
16
14-28
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3
1 1 1 ________________________
2 3
A B C
/g /cm3 /g.cm-3 /g /cm3 /g.cm-3
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3 2 ________
________________________________________________
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2 G
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1 14-30
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2
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C D
3 14-31
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C D
4
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5 14-32
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___________________________________________________________________________
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9 140 g 1.8×10-4m3 ____________N
g 10 N/kg ________
10 10 N 14-35
________N ________N ________
11 14-36 A B B A
________ A
________________
12 0.9×103kg/m3
________ ________ =0.8×103kg/m3
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14 6m 300cm3 ________N 5m
________
15
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2 ____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
16 14-38
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________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2 =________
17 2010 5 31
0.6×104N 1.5m3
0.5m =1.0×103kg/m3 g 10N/kg
1
2
3 60 kg
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14-39 14-39
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19 50cm2
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14-41
1
2
3
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2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
100%
1 2
1
1
1
2
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2
5
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1 20l0
________ ________
2 2010 4
A B
C D
3 2010 15-1 F1 F2 F3
s F1 F2 F3 W1 W2 W3
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1 2 3 15-3
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h/m /J F/N s/m
1 2 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.27 74.1%
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1 1 2
________
2 3 2 3
________________
C 3 1 4 1
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3 4N 1N 9N
________
6 2009 15-4 2008
80kg 39m 3min 20s
1
2
15-5 80%
g 10N/kg
1 15-6
2 70km/h
80km/h 60km/h
A B C D
C 3 1 4 2
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3 15-7
A B
C D
4
A B
C D
5 15-8
6 15-9 A B C
A B C D
7 15-10
A B
C D
8
________ ________
9 15-11 1m 3m 400N 840N
________J ________
10
________ ________
11 15-12 2 000N
A 3s 6m A
Ff=600N F=250N F ________W
________
12 A B
C D E F
________ ________ ________
13 15-13 ________
________ ________
C 3 1 4 3
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14 15-14
________ ________
15
1 15-15 2N F
4.2N 0.1m ________J
________
2 15-15
16 15-16
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3 ________________
4 _______________________
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18 2012
3s 150kg 1.8m
1 15-18
2
1 15-19 2010
A B
C D
2 15-20
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C D
3 15-21
4 15-22
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D A B B A
C 3 1 4 5
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5 15-23 500N F 800N 1m
A 500J B 800J
C 62.5% D 80%
6 15-24 2N 1N A F 1s 8N A
0.2m
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C F 1.8W D F 5N
7 15-25 10s 100N
5m 10N
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8 ________
9 ________
________
10 ________ ________
11 ________J
________
12 50N 100N 3m 5s
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13 4m 1m 300N
75% ________J ________J ________N
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14 t 30s 600m
________J ________W g 10N/kg
15 15-26
1 ________
________
2
________ ________
3 ________________________________________________
C 3 1 4 6
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GFJW0901
16 15-27 40kg 250N
10s 2m g 10N/kg
1 2
3 4
17 15-28 600kg
0.1 75% 0.5m/s 100s
g 10N/kg
1
2
3
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C F D
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GFJW0901
2 15-30 ——“
A B
C D
3
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4
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C D
5
A B C D
6 15-31
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C 0~t1 D
7 15-32 F1 F2 lm
F2=2F1
A B C D
8 ________
________
9 ________ ________
10 ________
________
11 15—33 ________ ________
12 ________ ________
________________________________
C 3 1 4 8
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
13 1 000N 5m 1m
250N J ________
14 15—34 160N 240N
100 cm 300 cm ________J ________J
________
15 15—35
1 15—35
2 6N ________
3 ________
16 15—36
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________
2 ________
___________
3
C 3 1 4 9
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GFJW0901
17 2010
15kW 10m 30min 18m3
g 10N/kg
1 2
3
18 15—37 A 10 dm3 7.9×103kg/m3
1 F
2 A 2m
3 400N g 10N/kg
C 3 1 5 0
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
6 1kg
7
3
1 1
2
C 3 1 5 1
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GFJW0901
3 Q=cm t Q c
t
1 2010 ________
________
2 2009
A B
C D
3 2009
A B
C D
4 2009 0.6kg
35 5 [ c=4.2×103J/ kg ]
5 2010 1kg 20 70 10 g
4.2×103J/ kg 4.2×103J/kg ________J
________J ________%
6 2009
16-1 250kg
20 80 [c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
[q =1.2×103J/kg]
1
2
C 3 1 5 2
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GFJW0901
7 2010
[c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
×××
1502 GL-158 220V 1500W 1.5L
××××
1 ________ ________
2 20
3 80% 2
1
A B C D
2
A B
C D
3 16-2
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4
A B 0
C D
5
A B C D
6
A B
C D
7
A B C D
8
________
________
9 16-3
________ ________
10 ________
________
C 3 1 5 3
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GFJW0901
11 H1N1
lm
1×10-6 5×10-6m
l×10-9m ________
12 ________
________________________________
13 ___________
4kg 10 ________J
[ c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
14 16-4
________ 0.3m3
________J 7.5×107J/m3
15 16-5
________ ________
16
m/kg t/ t/min
1 0.1 10 2
2 0.2 10 4
3 0.1 10 1
4 0.2 10 2
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________________
2 1 3 2 4 ________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
17 200L
20 45
1 [c =4.2×103J/ kg ] q =4.2×107J/kg
2 40%
C 3 1 5 4
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GFJW0901
1
A B
C D
2
A B
C D
3
A B
C
D
4
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5
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B
C D
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7
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B
C
D
8 ________ ________
________
9
________ ________
10 16-7
________ ________
________
11 16-8 24
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________ ________
________
12 4.6×107J/kg 210g ________J
________kg 20 43 [c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
13 16-9 ________
________
14 4×107J/m3 0.05m3 ________J
42% 5kg ________
15
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B S1 S2 S3 S3
________ A ________
2 A C B D
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S1 C t D
t S2 ________
16 2.4kg
220V 25A q=3.3×107J/kg
1
2
C 3 1 5 6
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GFJW0901
17
5.6km 3.0×103N 1.5×10-3m3
=0.8×103kg/m3 q=4×107J/kg
1
2 =W/Q W Q
18 4.6×107J/kg 0.7×103kg/m3 50L
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1
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3 46km 8L
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C D
2
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C D
C 3 1 5 7
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GFJW0901
3
/J·kg-1 -1 /J·kg-1 -1
0.14×103 0.92×103
4.2×103 2.1×103
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B
C
D 0 0
4
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5
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7
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C
D
8 3×107J/kg 1kg ________J
9 0.5m/s 100s
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________
10 ________
________
11
________ ________
________ ________
12 500kg 30
________________J ________________m3 [c =7×107J/m3
c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
13 _____ _____
________
C 3 1 5 8
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GFJW0901
________ ________
14 3 600 r/min 1s ________
40% 5kg ________J q =4.3×107J/kg
15
l00g
1 ________
________
2 1
________ ________
16 16-12
1
16-12 ________
2 ________
3
________ ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
17
2010 30
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2009 11
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1
2
C 3 1 5 9
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GFJW0901
18 16-13 S0
1 1.5kg 20 90 [c =4.2×103J/
kg ]
2 15min
3 44 W R2
19 6kg
0.1m2 15min 5
1 6kg 15min
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3 m3
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C 3 1 6 0
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 2
1 2
1
1
2
2
3
1 2
4
1 —— —— —— ——
2
3
1 2009
A B C D
C 3 1 6 1
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GFJW0901
2 2009 21
17—1
A B
C D
3 2010 17—2
4 2010 2009
17—3
A B
C
D
1
A B C D
2
A B C D
3
A B C D
4
A B C D
5
A
B
C
C 3 1 6 2
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GFJW0901
D
6
A B
C —— —— ——
D
7 41 2010 5 1
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8 ________ ________________________________
9
________ ________
10 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________ ________
11 17—4
________
________
________
12
________
________
13
________
________
14 ________
________ ________
3×1010kw·h ________kg
3×107J/kg
1
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C D
C 3 1 6 3
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GFJW0901
2
A B
C D
3
A B
C D
4
A B C D
5
A B
C D
6
A B
C D
7
A
B
C
D
8 ________ ________
____________
________
9 2007 10 24
________
________
________
10 ________
________ ________
11 ________ ________
________
12 ________ ________ ________ ________
13 2010 9 18 17—5
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70 h ________
14
________ ________
C 3 1 6 4
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GFJW0901
15 21
17—6 S=8m2
P=lkW U=120V
I=10A
1
2 75%
120 N
16 0.75×107J/kg
1/4
1 2007 1 1 ”
6 6×1011kg
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42%
C 3 1 6 5
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GFJW0901
17 2008 ——“
17—7
1 ________
________
2 ________
18
2800
1 ________________________
2 ________
________
3
19
2009 21
220 kW·h
6×
6
10 kW
1 ________ ________
2 ________
C 3 1 6 6
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
15
2
3
4
1 2
1
1
1
2
15 340m/s
3
2
3
1 0.1s
17m 17m
2 20Hz 20000Hz 20000Hz 20Hz
3
B
4
1
2
1 2010 2010
________ ________
________
C 3 1
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GFJW0901
2 2010 2010 3 28 4 2
________
3 2010
A B C D
4 2010
A B
C D
5 2010
A
B
C
D
1 1—1
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2
A B
C
D
3 ”
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4 1-2
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5 1-3
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GFJW0901
6 1-4
A B
C D
7 1-5
A B
C D
8
________
9 1
2 3
1 ________________________________ 2 ________________________________
3 ________________________________
10 ________
________
11 1-6
________
12 ________
13 ________ ________
14
________________ ________________
1
A B C D
2
A B C D
C 3 3
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GFJW0901
3 1-7
A B
C D
4
A B
C
D
5 1-8
A B C D
6
A B
C D 3×108m/s
7
A B C D
8
________ ________
________ ________
9 ________kHz ________kHz
10 1-9
________
________________________
11 1-10
________
________
12 ________ ________
13 1-11 ________ ________
C 3 4
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GFJW0901
14
________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
15 547.5m 3s 340m/s
m/s
16
340m/s 3
17
1 10 cm
________
2 1-12
3 10 cm
1-12 AOB ________
________
4 ________
C 3 5
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GFJW0901
1 1-13
2
A
B
C
D
3 1-14
A B C D
4
A B
C D
5
A B
C D
6
A
B
C
D
7
A B C D
8 ________
________
________
9
________ ________
10 ________
________ ________
11
________ ________
12
l-15 ________ ________
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GFJW0901
13 1-16 ________
________ ________
14
1
________
2
________________________________________________
15
1
2
3
l—17
________ ________ ________
1-17
________ ________ ________
16 20m/s 720m
340m/s
C 3 7
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
17 17m 30 km
v1=340m/s v2=3×108m/s
18
________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
C 3 8
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
1 2
1 2
1
1
2 3×108m/s
2
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
D
C 3 9
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GFJW0901
1 2010 2-1 M
A B C D
2 2010
___________
3 2010 2-2
B A
4 2008 2-4 S
P
5 2010 2-6
1 B ________
2 ________
3
1 2-7
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2
A B C D
C 3 1 0
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GFJW0901
3
A B
C
D
4
A B C D
5
A B C D
6
A B
C D
7 2-8
A B
C D
8 ”
________ ________
9 ________
________
10 ________
11 2-9 2010
________
12 2008
________
13 60
________
14 3
________
1
A
B
C
D
2 2-10
A OA B OB C OC D OD
3
A B C D
C 3 1 1
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GFJW0901
4
A 2009 7
B
C
D
5 2-11
A 2.1 m B 2.5 m C 4.6 m D 5m
6
A B
C D
7 2-12
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
8 3×108________ B
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9 2-13 30
________ ________
10
________ 5m 2.3m
________m
11
________ ________
12 2-14
________ ________ ________
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2-14
C 3 1 2
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GFJW0901
13 ________
________
14 2009 7 22 2-15
________ 2-15 ________
15 2-16 OB AO
16 2-17 AB A’B’
17 P 2-18
P 2-18
18 2-19
1 2-19 ________
2 ________ ________
3 ___________________________________
19 2-20
d
1 ________________________________________________
2 ________________________________________________________________________________
3 ________ ________________
3 d ________________________________
C 3 1 3
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GFJW0901
20 2-21
i 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80°
6.7° 13.3° 19.6° 25.2° 30.7° 35.1° 38.6° 40.6°
1
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2 __________________________
__________________________________________________________________
1
2-22 A
A B
C D
2 5 m 2-23 3 m
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3 2-24 a b c
A B a
C c D
4 2-25
C 3 1 4
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GFJW0901
5 S MN MN S 2 m/s
60 2-26 S
S’
A 4 m/s SO
B 2 m/s SO
C 2 m/s SO
D S S'S 2 m/s S
6 v1 v2 v3
A v1
7
A B C D
8 ________
________
9 ________
________
10 2-27 ________
________
11 8 m 6 t
________
12 1.6 m 1 m ________m 0.5 m/s
4 s ________m ________ ”
13 2-28 O S’
S ________
14 ________ 50
________
15 2-29
C 3 1 5
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GFJW0901
16 2-30 O 60 O
P
17 2-31 O AB
c c
18
1
________ ________ ”
2 ________
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1 ________
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3
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B A 2
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GFJW0901
20 A
1 B A
2-33 ________________________________________________
2 B A ________________________________
3 2-33
4
21 2-34
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2-34 AO
C 3 1 7
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
1 2
1
1
2
3
4
5
u>2f f
f
u=f
u
6
2
1
2 20cm 25cm
3
4
3
1
2
3
C 3 1 8
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
1 2010 3-1
A
B
C D
2 2009 3-2 A'B' AB AB
A I A'B' B A'B'
C A'B' D A'B'
3 2009 3-3
A B 3-3 C D
4 2009 a
b c d 3-4
A B b
C d D 6 c
5 2009 3-5
________ ________ ________
________
1
A B C D
2
A B
C 3 1 9
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GFJW0901
C D
3
A B
C D
4
A B C D
5
A B
C
D
6 3-6
A B
C D
7 20cm
A 5cm B 10cm C 15cm D 20cm
8 2009 7 22 500 3-7
________ ________
9 ________
10 ________ 3cm
________3cm
11 ________
________
12
________ ________
________ ________
13 ________ ________
________
14 ________
________
15 3-8
16 3-9
17 3-10 F O
C 3 2 0
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GFJW0901
18 3-11 F H 2
1 ________
2 ________
A
________
3 ________
19
1 10cm
________cm
2 3-12
________
3 2
________ ________
/cm
1 25
2 20
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1
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C D
2
A B
C D
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C 3 2 1
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GFJW0901
A B
C D
4 3-13
A B C D
5
A B
C
D
6 3-14 S( ) L M N
S L P 3-15
7 3-16 a b c d F
A c
B d
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D F
8
________ ________
9 3-17 ________
________
10 3-18
________ ________
11 3-19 2010 15cm
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C 3 2 2
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GFJW0901
12 ________
________ ________
13 3-20 “YS ________
________
14 3-21 a b c ________
3-22
3-21 ________
15 3-23 A1 A2
A2 A1
1 A1
2 A2
16 3-24
17 5cm AB 3-25
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18
1
3-26 ________
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________
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GFJW0901
3
19
1
u/cm f/cm V/cm
1 8 17
15 2 10 30
3 12 60
________
1 ________
2 “E 3-28
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3-28 ________
1
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2
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3 3-29
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4
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C D
5 3-30
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C D
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GFJW0901
6 2cm 5cm 4cm
A 7.5cm B 12.5cm C 4.5cm D 10cm
7 3-31
3-32
8 ________
________
9 3-33 ________
________ ________ 2 1 2
________
10 3-34 ________
________ ________
11 3-35 ________
12 3-36
25cm
________
________
13
20cm 25cm
________ 5cm ________
________
14 3-37
________
C 3 2 5
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GFJW0901
15 3-38 A'B' AB
F
17 3-40 F1 F2 CF2 AB
CF2
16 3-39 O F
AB A'B'
CD C’D’
18
1 ________
2
f=10cm
u/cm 60 30 20 15 12
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________
_______________________________________________________________
19
1 3-41
________ ________cm
2
________________________________
3 16cm 3-41
________ ________
________
C 3 2 6
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
1 2
1
1
1
100 0 0 100 100 1
2
a b
c
2
1
2
3
3
1
C 3 2 7
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GFJW0901
2
1 2008 ________ ________ ________
________
A B C D
2 2010 4-1
________________ ________
________________
3 2009 4-2
________
________
——
4 2008
4-3 ________
4-4
________
1 4-8
A B
C D
2 4-9
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C D
C 3 2 8
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GFJW0901
3
________ ________ ________
_____________
4
________ ________
________
5 4-10 ________
________ 6 ________
6 4-11
________ ________
7 l0mL 10mL 20mL
________
8
/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
/ 40 42 44 46 48 48 48 48 48 48 50 53 56
/ 40 41 42 44 46 47 48 49 51 52 54 56 59
1 ________
2 ________
3 42 ________
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GFJW0901
4
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B ”
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D ”
5 4-13
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6
A B
C D
7
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C D
8 ________
________
9 4-14 22 “22
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________
10 ________
________
11
________ ________
12 4-15 ________
________
13
/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
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1 ________ 2 ________
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14
C 3 3 0
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GFJW0901
4-16
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2 ________ ________
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1
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C D
2
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C D
3
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GFJW0901
7
4-19
A B
C D
8 —— 4-20
________
9
________ _________
________
10 1
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1 80 ________
2 -50 ________ -39 357
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11 ________
________ ________
0 ________ ________
12 3×104
________
13
4-21
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/min … 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 …
/ … 90 91 93 97 98 98 98 98 98 98 …
2 ________
3 100
______________________________________________________
14 90 1 min
5 min
/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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1 4-22
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GFJW0901
15
16
4-24
1 ________ ________ ________
2
3 ________
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1 2
1
1
2
3
4
2
3
1
2
4
1
2
3
4
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GFJW0901
5
1 A
mA A 1 A=103mA 1A=106 A
2
“+
3 I=I1=I2 I=I1+I2
6
1 —— —— —— ——
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2
3
4
5
1 2010
5-1
A B C D
2 5-2
C 3 3 5
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GFJW0901
1
A B C D
2
A B C D
3
A B
C D
4
5-4
A B C D
5 5-5 S
A B C D
6
A B C D
7
5-6
A B C D
8 A B A B A C A ________
B C ________
C 3 3 6
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GFJW0901
9 5-7 ________A
10 5-8 ________ L1 L2 ________
11 ________
12 5-9
13 ________________ ________
14 3V 0.3
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1
A B C D
2 5-10 S
L1 L2
A L1 B L1
C L1 D L1
3 250 W 300 W 100 W 2200 W
250 W 800 W 40 W 8
A 220 V 5 A B 220 V 15 A C 220 V 20 A D 220 V 30 A
4 5-11 A
A B C D
5 5-12
A B C D
C 3 3 7
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GFJW0901
6 5-13 a b
5-13
A B C D
7 5-14 A B C
IA=0.5 A IB=0.3 A IC=0.2 A
A B
C D
8 4 5 5
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________
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11 5-16 A B ________
A B ________________
________
12 5-17 A B
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13 5-18 S S1 S2 ________ S S1 S2
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14 5-19 R1 10 S1 0.3 A S2
0.45 A R2 ________
15 ”
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______________________________________________________________
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GFJW0901
3 5-23
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4
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L S2 S1 S2 5-24
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6 S1
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9 ________ ________
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GFJW0901
11 ________V 25mA
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12 ________
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________________________________
13 5-27
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15 5-29
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C 3 4 1
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GFJW0901
1 D 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 A 7 A
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13 14 10
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1 2
3 4
5
1
1
1 1.5 V 2 V 220 V 36 V
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2
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GFJW0901
1 2010
A B
C D
2 2010 6—1
A B
C D
3 2009 Rt t
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1 Rt t ________________
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3
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GFJW0901
________________________________________________
3 “2.5 V
2.5 V 6-3 ________________
6-3 U-I
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___________________________________________________________________________________
4 6-3
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___________________________________________________________________________________________
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GFJW0901
5 6—6 L1 L2 “3V 0.25 A 3 1.5 V
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C L1 L2 b D M B A
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7 6—8 L1L2
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8 ________V ________
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10 6-9 S a b U
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GFJW0901
13 “10 0.3A “30 0.6A
________A
________ V
14 6—12 R1 R2 S1 S2
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15
1
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GFJW0901
A B C D
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6 6—19 P
AB R1 S F
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7 6—20 V1 9 V V2 3 V
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12 ________ 6-25
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________________________
3 RV RL RV/RL=________
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C 3 4 9
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GFJW0901
14
20 1A 5 10 6—27
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2 ________ “A “B
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C 3 5 0
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GFJW0901
A B
C L2 D L2
3 6—30
A B
C D
4 6—31
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GFJW0901
10 6-36 S L1 L2
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L2 ________
11 6—37 ________ ________
12 6—38 L
L2 A C
B ________ _________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
13 L1 L2
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________________________________________
3 ________________________
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C 3 5 2
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GFJW0901
14
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4 AC
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2 L2 ________________________________
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________
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____________________________________________________________________________
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1 2
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1
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GFJW0901
5
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GFJW0901
S 10 20 5
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________________________________________________________________________
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GFJW0901
1
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D
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________ ________
9 ________ 7-12
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GFJW0901
10 7-13 R1 10 S A1 2A A2
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11 3V 0.15A ________
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13 7-14 R1 R2 R R_____R1 “> “< “= 7-14
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14 7-15
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GFJW0901
1 R1=3 R2=6
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2 7-17 R1 R2
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4 R2 V1 A R1
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GFJW0901
8 7-23 P B ________
________
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13 7-28
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2 A V1
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4 7-29 R 3.8V 10
________________________________________ ________________________________________
15
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GFJW0901
1
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GFJW0901
1 7-33 S
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2 7-34 “2A 20 7-35
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7 7-40 =5 S A 0.3A A 0.6A
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GFJW0901
A R 5 B R 10
C 5 D 10
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________ ________ S1 S2 ________
________A
9 7-42 R1=10 R2=20 S 0.6A S
________V ________A
10 7-43 R1=R2=R3=10 R2 R2 ________
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11 7-44 R R' V1
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12 7-45
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________________________________________
________V
13 7-46 Rx 10
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GFJW0901
2
3 Rx
14 7-47 0—3V R0=60
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2cm2
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GFJW0901
15 7-48
S 4V 0.4A
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2
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
1
1
U 2
2 W=Ult=Pt W t I 2 Rt
R
3 J kW·h
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4
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4
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
3
6
1
2
3
1 2010 8-1
S P ________
________ ”
2 2010 8-2
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A P A S1 S2 L
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3 2009 5 20
8-3
1
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C 3 6 8
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GFJW0901
4 2009 8-4 S a P
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GFJW0901
4 8-6
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________
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C 3 7 0
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GFJW0901
2
________ /V 3 2.5 2
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15
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5 ________________
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______________________________________
______________________________________
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GFJW0901
17 8-12 “6V 3W 10
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C 3 7 2
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GFJW0901
5 8-16 12V L “6V 3W
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________
C 3 7 3
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GFJW0901
14 8-21 6V L1 L2 “6V 6W “6V 3W
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________________________________________________________________________________________
C 3 7 4
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GFJW0901
17
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S1
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3
18 8-25 R1 R2
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GFJW0901
19 8-26 R M
8-26
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3 8-26
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GFJW0901
3 8-29 S
A B C D
4 8-30 E F 36V S1 S2
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GFJW0901
440 ________A ________W
1 min ________J
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GFJW0901
16 8-37 R1=12 “6 V 12 W
1 S1 0.8 A
2 S1 S2 S3 P b 1.2 A
3 S2 P 3/4
17 8-38
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[c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
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C 3 7 9
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GFJW0901
1 S1 S3 S2 L
2 S1 S2 S3 P b
3 S1 S2 S3 P a b
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C 3 8 0
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
1 2
3
1
1
1
2
3
——
4
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5
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3
4
1
2
3
5
1
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020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
1 2009 9-1 ________
________
________________
2 2010 9-2 AB
AB ________
________________ ________________
3 2010 9-3 ab
1 ________________
2 ________
3
9-3
____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
1
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2 9-4
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GFJW0901
5 9-6
6
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7
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8 _________ _______
9 _________ ________
10
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11 9-7 ________________________
________________________________
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13 10 1831
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14 9-9 ab
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2 ______________________________________________________________________________________
15
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2 _____ ___________
3 ___________
C 3 8 3
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
1
A B
C D
2
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3
N
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4 9-11 a b c d
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5
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6 9-12
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7
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8 _____________ _______________ _____________
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b ____________
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2011 2
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
1 2
1
1
2
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GFJW0901
3
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4 2010
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1
________
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8 500 g ________ ________ ________
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13 —— 14 16
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2
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________________________________________________________
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3 11-19
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4 11-22
________________
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15
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________
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6 7
1 2
1
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3
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2
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5
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1
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________
________
________________
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5 2010 12-2
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C D
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1
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3
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C D
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10 2010 12-6
________
________
11 12-7 _____ _____
C 3 1 0 8
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_______
12 2010 5 28
5860m 20m/s ________s
________
13
92km 250km/h ________h ________min
________
14 ________
________
________
15 12-8
1
________________________________________________________________________________
2
________________________________________________
________________
3
________________________________________________
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________
10 ________ ________
11 4 N 1 N
________N
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1 _____________________________________
2 ________________________________________________________
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4
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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1 ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2 ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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1 ___________________________
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9 ________ ________
10 12-22 A B ________
________
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12 ________ ________
________ ________ ________
13 50 N 80 N
________ ________
14 12-24 ________________________________________
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________________________
2 ________________
________
16
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s /m s /m
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2011 2
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4
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1
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1
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1
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3
4
5
6
7
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3 2009 13-3
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C
D
4 2010 15N 13-4
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4
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C D
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6
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9 13-12 ________ ________ ________
10 13-13 A
ABC ________ 13-13
________________________________________________________________
11 13-14
________________________________ ________________
________________
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14 13-15 ____________ _____________
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15
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16 1 13-17
2 13-17 O F1
17
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________________________________
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2 13-20 800 N
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3
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l0 40 N 10 N
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12 13-27 OA G=60N A F
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13 13-28 O
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m/V
________________________________
19 1 13-33
________ ________
2 13-34 20 N A B 10 N F1
___________N
20 2009 4 29 13-35 932
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4
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________
11 13-43 G 200 N F ________N 400 N
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12 13-44 A 180 N 20N A F=________N A 1
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________
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18
G
m/kg G/N / N·kg-1
m
1 0.1 0.98 9.8
2 0.2 1.96 9.8
3 0.3 2.94 9.8
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2 ________________
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g 9.78 9.788 9.794 9.794 9.801 9.803 9.816 9.832
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g ________________ g ________________
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2 3
1
2
P F Pa
S
3
1 h
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GFJW0901
2
V =V F G Pa
> F
7
1 2
3
8
1 2010
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B
C D
2 2010
14-1
______________ ______________
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B
C
D
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S
14-3
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1 ________
________
2
________________________________________________________________________________
6 2009
55m 1.0×103kg/m3 g
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2 6×l05Pa E
C 3 1 2 8
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7 2009 14-4
A B
20cm A 3/5
g=10 N/kg
1
2 A
3 A A
F1 B A A
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1 14-5
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C D
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6 14-6
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C D
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GFJW0901
7 a 14-7
14-8 F h
8 6×103kg 600cm2 ________N
________Pa 14-9 ________________
g 10 N/kg
9 1 100
14-10 ________
________________ 1
10 14-11 ________________
________________
11 14-12 ________ ________
________
12 14-13 ______N
______ ________
13 125cm3 ________N
2.5 N ________N g 10 N/kg
C 3 1 3 0
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14 14-14
________kg/m3 ________kg/m3 g 10 N/kg
15 14-15
1 ________
2 _____________________________________
________ ___________________________________________
________
16
14-16a b c d d ________
F1 F2 F3 F4 ________
________ ________________
C 3 1 3 1
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GFJW0901
17 14-17 10 s 80m
40kg 15cm2 g 10 N/kg
1
2
3
18
=7.9×103kg/m3
1
A B
C D
2 14-18
A ” B
C D
3 14-19
A B
C D
4 A
F F 14-20
A > F >F B < F =F C > < A D < < A
C 3 1 3 2
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GFJW0901
5 14-21 G1 G2
N1 N2 N3
A N1 N2 B G1 G2 N2
C N1 N3 D N2 N3
6 14-22
P P P P
A P >P =P =P B P >P >P >P C P >P =P >P D P >P >P >P
7 14-23
P P F F
A P >P F =F B P =P F >F C P =P F
20 39.5m 20.2m
30m ________Pa
________N g 10 N/kg
9 125cm3 N
14-24
___________________ g 10N/kg =1.0×103kg/m3
10 14-25 60cm2 8cm
0.6kg ________N ________Pa
________Pa =1.0×103kg/m3 g 10 N/kg
11 14-26 12kg
0.06m3 ________N ________N =1.0×
103kg/m3
C 3 1 3 3
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GFJW0901
12 10 N 20 N
________N ________
________N
13 7500 t ________N
________m3 3m ________Pa
14 89g 1/3 8.9×103kg/m3
________cm3 ________cm3
15 1m
14-27 14-27
14-27
1 14-27 ________________________________________________________
2 14-27 _______________________________________________________________
16
14-28
1 14-28 m3=________g
2 m =________g V =________cm3
3 =________kg/m3
17 2
1
2
C 3 1 3 4
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GFJW0901
3
1 1 1 ________________________
2 3
A B C
/g /cm3 /g.cm-3 /g /cm3 /g.cm-3
A 44.8 39.2 1.14 40 33 1.21
B 56.1 48.8 1.16 50 41 1.21
C 77.3 67.9 1.14 69 57
2 C ________g/cm3
3 2 ________
________________________________________________
18 2010 14-34
3.0×103kg 1.5×103kg/m3
1m2
1 V
2 G
3 P
19
2/5
1/4
=1.0×103kg/m3
C 3 1 3 5
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GFJW0901
1 14-30
A B C D
2
A B
C D
3 14-31
A B
C D
4
A B C D
5 14-32
A B
C D
6 14-33 F
F F1 F2
A F1>F2 B F1
=0.4 g/cm3
A B
C D
8 14-34 0.5m3 0.5m2 ________kg
________N ________Pa 14-34 P
___________________________________________________________________________
=1.0×103kg/m3 g 10 N/kg 1.01×105Pa
C 3 1 3 6
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GFJW0901
9 140 g 1.8×10-4m3 ____________N
g 10 N/kg ________
10 10 N 14-35
________N ________N ________
11 14-36 A B B A
________ A
________________
12 0.9×103kg/m3
________ ________ =0.8×103kg/m3
13 1 kg
________N g 10 N/kg
14 6m 300cm3 ________N 5m
________
15
14 37
1 N
2 ____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
16 14-38
1
C 3 1 3 7
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GFJW0901
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2 =________
17 2010 5 31
0.6×104N 1.5m3
0.5m =1.0×103kg/m3 g 10N/kg
1
2
3 60 kg
18
14-39 14-39
15cm3 11g/cm3 =1.0×103kg/m3 g
10 N/kg
1 1.2m
2 2/3
3 0.5cm3
C 3 1 3 8
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GFJW0901
19 50cm2
14-40 0.08 kg A
14-41
1
2
3
C 3 1 3 9
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
100%
1 2
1
1
1
2
W=Fs
W—— —— J F—— —— N s—— —— m
3
2
1
2
W Gh
1
W Fs
3
1
2
P W
t
P—— —— W W—— —— J t—— —— s
4
1
C 3 1 4 0
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GFJW0901
2
5
1 2
1 20l0
________ ________
2 2010 4
A B
C D
3 2010 15-1 F1 F2 F3
s F1 F2 F3 W1 W2 W3
A W1>W2>W3 B W1
2m 80%
A 50N B 375N C F 25W D F 750J
5 2009
1 2 3 15-3
G/N W W /J
h/m /J F/N s/m
1 2 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.27 74.1%
2 4 0.1 0.4 1.6 0.3 0.48 83.3%
3 4 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.3 0.55
1 1 2
________
2 3 2 3
________________
C 3 1 4 1
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GFJW0901
3 4N 1N 9N
________
6 2009 15-4 2008
80kg 39m 3min 20s
1
2
15-5 80%
g 10N/kg
1 15-6
2 70km/h
80km/h 60km/h
A B C D
C 3 1 4 2
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GFJW0901
3 15-7
A B
C D
4
A B
C D
5 15-8
6 15-9 A B C
A B C D
7 15-10
A B
C D
8
________ ________
9 15-11 1m 3m 400N 840N
________J ________
10
________ ________
11 15-12 2 000N
A 3s 6m A
Ff=600N F=250N F ________W
________
12 A B
C D E F
________ ________ ________
13 15-13 ________
________ ________
C 3 1 4 3
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GFJW0901
14 15-14
________ ________
15
1 15-15 2N F
4.2N 0.1m ________J
________
2 15-15
16 15-16
1 ________________________________________
2 ________________________________________
3 ________________
4 _______________________
5
17 15-17 500N 10s
12 0.2m 2 800J
1 2
3
C 3 1 4 4
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GFJW0901
18 2012
3s 150kg 1.8m
1 15-18
2
1 15-19 2010
A B
C D
2 15-20
A B
C D
3 15-21
4 15-22
A A B C B
C B C
D A B B A
C 3 1 4 5
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GFJW0901
5 15-23 500N F 800N 1m
A 500J B 800J
C 62.5% D 80%
6 15-24 2N 1N A F 1s 8N A
0.2m
A 0.6m/s B 80%
C F 1.8W D F 5N
7 15-25 10s 100N
5m 10N
A F 500J B F 550J
C F 50W D 100%
8 ________
9 ________
________
10 ________ ________
11 ________J
________
12 50N 100N 3m 5s
________J ________J ________W
13 4m 1m 300N
75% ________J ________J ________N
14 -26TS
14 t 30s 600m
________J ________W g 10N/kg
15 15-26
1 ________
________
2
________ ________
3 ________________________________________________
C 3 1 4 6
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GFJW0901
16 15-27 40kg 250N
10s 2m g 10N/kg
1 2
3 4
17 15-28 600kg
0.1 75% 0.5m/s 100s
g 10N/kg
1
2
3
1 15-29
A B
C F D
C 3 1 4 7
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GFJW0901
2 15-30 ——“
A B
C D
3
A B C D
4
A B
C D
5
A B C D
6 15-31
A t1~t2 B t2~t3
C 0~t1 D
7 15-32 F1 F2 lm
F2=2F1
A B C D
8 ________
________
9 ________ ________
10 ________
________
11 15—33 ________ ________
12 ________ ________
________________________________
C 3 1 4 8
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GFJW0901
13 1 000N 5m 1m
250N J ________
14 15—34 160N 240N
100 cm 300 cm ________J ________J
________
15 15—35
1 15—35
2 6N ________
3 ________
16 15—36
15—36
1 ——
________
2 ________
___________
3
C 3 1 4 9
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GFJW0901
17 2010
15kW 10m 30min 18m3
g 10N/kg
1 2
3
18 15—37 A 10 dm3 7.9×103kg/m3
1 F
2 A 2m
3 400N g 10N/kg
C 3 1 5 0
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GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
6 1kg
7
3
1 1
2
C 3 1 5 1
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GFJW0901
3 Q=cm t Q c
t
1 2010 ________
________
2 2009
A B
C D
3 2009
A B
C D
4 2009 0.6kg
35 5 [ c=4.2×103J/ kg ]
5 2010 1kg 20 70 10 g
4.2×103J/ kg 4.2×103J/kg ________J
________J ________%
6 2009
16-1 250kg
20 80 [c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
[q =1.2×103J/kg]
1
2
C 3 1 5 2
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GFJW0901
7 2010
[c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
×××
1502 GL-158 220V 1500W 1.5L
××××
1 ________ ________
2 20
3 80% 2
1
A B C D
2
A B
C D
3 16-2
A B C D
4
A B 0
C D
5
A B C D
6
A B
C D
7
A B C D
8
________
________
9 16-3
________ ________
10 ________
________
C 3 1 5 3
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GFJW0901
11 H1N1
lm
1×10-6 5×10-6m
l×10-9m ________
12 ________
________________________________
13 ___________
4kg 10 ________J
[ c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
14 16-4
________ 0.3m3
________J 7.5×107J/m3
15 16-5
________ ________
16
m/kg t/ t/min
1 0.1 10 2
2 0.2 10 4
3 0.1 10 1
4 0.2 10 2
1 l 2 3 4
________________
2 1 3 2 4 ________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
17 200L
20 45
1 [c =4.2×103J/ kg ] q =4.2×107J/kg
2 40%
C 3 1 5 4
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
1
A B
C D
2
A B
C D
3
A B
C
D
4
A B 0
C D
5
A
B
C D
6 2009 4 15 0 16
A B C D
7
16-6
A
B
C
D
8 ________ ________
________
9
________ ________
10 16-7
________ ________
________
11 16-8 24
C 3 1 5 5
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GFJW0901
________ ________
________
12 4.6×107J/kg 210g ________J
________kg 20 43 [c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
13 16-9 ________
________
14 4×107J/m3 0.05m3 ________J
42% 5kg ________
15
1 A B 16-10 A
B S1 S2 S3 S3
________ A ________
2 A C B D
S1 S2 S3 C
S1 C t D
t S2 ________
16 2.4kg
220V 25A q=3.3×107J/kg
1
2
C 3 1 5 6
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GFJW0901
17
5.6km 3.0×103N 1.5×10-3m3
=0.8×103kg/m3 q=4×107J/kg
1
2 =W/Q W Q
18 4.6×107J/kg 0.7×103kg/m3 50L
f=1400 N
1
2 46km
3 46km 8L
1
A B
C D
2
A B
C D
C 3 1 5 7
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GFJW0901
3
/J·kg-1 -1 /J·kg-1 -1
0.14×103 0.92×103
4.2×103 2.1×103
A
B
C
D 0 0
4
A 0 B
C
D
5
A B
C D
6 16-11
A B
C D
7
A B
C
D
8 3×107J/kg 1kg ________J
9 0.5m/s 100s
________m ________ ”
________
10 ________
________
11
________ ________
________ ________
12 500kg 30
________________J ________________m3 [c =7×107J/m3
c =4.2×103J/ kg ]
13 _____ _____
________
C 3 1 5 8
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GFJW0901
________ ________
14 3 600 r/min 1s ________
40% 5kg ________J q =4.3×107J/kg
15
l00g
1 ________
________
2 1
________ ________
16 16-12
1
16-12 ________
2 ________
3
________ ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
17
2010 30
10‰ -0.5 24.7‰
-1.33 35‰ -1.9
2009 11
!
1
2
C 3 1 5 9
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GFJW0901
18 16-13 S0
1 1.5kg 20 90 [c =4.2×103J/
kg ]
2 15min
3 44 W R2
19 6kg
0.1m2 15min 5
1 6kg 15min
2 1m2
3 m3
q =5.0×107J/m3
C 3 1 6 0
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
2011 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 2
1 2
1
1
2
2
3
1 2
4
1 —— —— —— ——
2
3
1 2009
A B C D
C 3 1 6 1
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GFJW0901
2 2009 21
17—1
A B
C D
3 2010 17—2
4 2010 2009
17—3
A B
C
D
1
A B C D
2
A B C D
3
A B C D
4
A B C D
5
A
B
C
C 3 1 6 2
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GFJW0901
D
6
A B
C —— —— ——
D
7 41 2010 5 1
A B C D
8 ________ ________________________________
9
________ ________
10 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________ ________
11 17—4
________
________
________
12
________
________
13
________
________
14 ________
________ ________
3×1010kw·h ________kg
3×107J/kg
1
A B
C D
C 3 1 6 3
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GFJW0901
2
A B
C D
3
A B
C D
4
A B C D
5
A B
C D
6
A B
C D
7
A
B
C
D
8 ________ ________
____________
________
9 2007 10 24
________
________
________
10 ________
________ ________
11 ________ ________
________
12 ________ ________ ________ ________
13 2010 9 18 17—5
2.1×107J
________kg 3.0×107J/kg 30 W
70 h ________
14
________ ________
C 3 1 6 4
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GFJW0901
15 21
17—6 S=8m2
P=lkW U=120V
I=10A
1
2 75%
120 N
16 0.75×107J/kg
1/4
1 2007 1 1 ”
6 6×1011kg
2 1.5 t 20 100
42%
C 3 1 6 5
020-36747006 020-36747007
GFJW0901
17 2008 ——“
17—7
1 ________
________
2 ________
18
2800
1 ________________________
2 ________
________
3
19
2009 21
220 kW·h
6×
6
10 kW
1 ________ ________
2 ________
C 3 1 6 6
020-36747006 020-36747007
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