2021中考英语专题复习-宾语从句课件（39张ppt）

(共39张PPT)
宾
语
从
句
The
Object
Clause
I
know
him
.
2.
I
know
who
he
is
.
主语
谓语
宾语
（简单句）
主语
谓语
宾
语
从
句
连词
从句主语
从句谓语
主
句
（复合句）
宾语从句的概念：
在复合句中放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句
句子结构：
主句
+连词（引导词）+
宾语从句
宾语从句三要素：
一、引导词
二、语序:陈述语序（主语+谓语）
三
、时态
四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别
五、宾语从句的反意疑问句
六、否定转移
一、引导词
that
从句是陈述句
(口语中常省略）
if/whether（是否）从句是一般疑问句
wh/how(即特殊疑问词)从句是特殊疑问句
We
know
（that）we
should
learn
from
each
other.
Please
tell
me
if/whether
you
have
been
to
America.
Could
you
please
tell
me
where
the
restrooms
are?
引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导
词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。完整，判断主句语气，是疑问语气，用if/whether;
是肯定语气，用that.
一、连词（引导词）
1.
当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定
句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作
任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语
或非正式文体中常省略
Lin
Tao
feels
(that)
his
own
team
is
even
better.
She
says
(that)
she
won’t
take
part
in
the
sports
meeting
next
Sunday.
Jim
thought
(that)
the
train
was
like
a
big
moving
party.
He
said
(that)
he
would
like
to
see
the
headmaster.
在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,
sure,
afraid,
glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句
I’m
sorry
(that)
I
don’t
know
.
We’re
sure
(that)
our
team
will
win
.
I’m
afraid
(that)
he
won’t
pass
the
exam
.
注：that
在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，
在口语当中往往省略
e.g.
I
hear
(that)
_______________________.
（一小时后他会回来）
He
said
(that)
______________________.
（他非常想念我们）
The
teacher
told
us
(that)
___________________________.
（地球围着太阳转）
he
will
be
back
in
an
hour
he
missed
us
very
much
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun
2.
当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略
Lily
wanted
to
know
if
/whether
her
grandma
liked
the
handbag
.
Let’s
see
if
/whether
we
can
find
out
some
information
about
that
city
.
She
asked
me
if
/whether
she
could
borrow
these
books
.
If/whether（是否）的区别
一般情况下，if
和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether：
①在不定式前：Whether
to
go
there
or
not
hasn’t
been
decided.
　　
②在介词后：It
depends
on(依靠)
whether
it
is
going
to
rain.
　　
③与or
not连用：They
are
talking
about
whether
to
go
there
or
not.
④做主语从句：Whether
he
is
right
isn’t
important.
3.
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,
who,
whom,
which,
whose）或连接副词（when,
where,
how,
why）引导，因为连接代词
或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具
有一定的意义，所以不可以省略
Do
you
know
what
he
said
just
now
?
I
don’t
remember
when
we
arrived
.
I
asked
him
where
I
could
get
so
much
money
.
Please
tell
me
who
(whom)
we
have
to
see
.
Do
you
know
what
time
the
plane
leaves
?
由连接代词what,
whom,
whose,
which,
what及连接
副词
when,
where,
how,
why引导的宾语从句
1.
He
asked
__________________________.
(谁能回答这个问题）
2.
Do
you
know_________________________.
（他们在等谁）
3.
He
asked
__________________________________.
（谁的书法是班上最好的）
4.Please
tell
me
_______________________.
（我们什么时候开会）
5.
Can
you
tell
me
_______________.
（他在哪儿）
6.
Could
you
tell
me
______________________.
（我该怎么去车站）
7.
Would
you
tell
me
_________________（为什么火车迟到了）
who
could
answer
the
question
whom
they
are
waiting
for
whose
handwriting
was
the
best
in
the
class
when
we’ll
have
a
meeting
where
he
is
how
I
can
get
to
the
station
why
the
train
is
late
带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句
Could
you
tell
us
how
often
you
go
abroad
for
a
holiday
?
Could
you
tell
us
how
long
the
meeting
will
last
?
I
don’t
know
how
far
it
is
to
the
cinema
.
Please
tell
us
how
many
students
there
are
in
your
school
?
Can
you
tell
us
how
old
his
brother
is
?
Please
tell
us
how
soon
you
will
be
ready
.
Could
you
tell
us
how
much
it
costs
to
fly
to
Hainan
?
1.?The
young
man
asked
_____
it's
summer
or
winter.
A.
either
B.
that
C.
weather
D.
whether
2.??We
don't
know
______
they
did
it
.
A.
how
B.
who
C.
what
D.
which
3.
The
teacher
asks
us
____
Jim
can
come
back
on
time
.
A.
that
B.
if
C.
when
D.
what
time
4.
Does
anybody
know
______
we
will
have
a
sports
meeting
this
weekend
or
not
.
A.
if
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
that
?
?
D
A
B
C
5.
I
wonder
_______
he
is
crying
now
.
A.
that
B.
why
C.
how
D.
when
6.
Have
you
found
out
______
we
can
do
on
Hainan
Island
?
A.
what
B.
how
C.
if
D.
whether
7.
Lily
said
_______
she
had
finished
her
composition
.
A.
if
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
8.
I
don’t
know
______
he
still
lives
here
.
A.
where
B.
what
C.
when
D.
whether
B
A
B
D
二、时态
1.
如果主句是现在的时态,或祈使句
（包括一般现在时
，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
I
know
he
lives
here
.
I
know
he
lived
here
ten
years
ago
.
I
have
heard
that
he
will
come
tomorrow
.
2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，
过去完成时）
I
knew
who
lived
here.
I
saw
she
was
talking
with
her
mother.
He
asked
whether
his
father
would
come
back
tomorrow.
He
said
that
he
had
seen
it
.
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理
时用一般现在时。
The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
travels
around
the
sun
.
1.
I
didn’t
know
what
time
he
_______
the
letter.
(write)
2.
Miss
Wang
told
me
that
the
earth
______(move)
round
the
sun.
3.
Could
you
tell
me
who
_________
away
the
book
already?
(take)
4.
Ling
Feng
told
me
he
_________
to
Shanghai
several
times.
(be)
5.
Our
teacher
told
us
in
class
the
sun
_______
in
the
east.
(rise)
6.
Can
you
tell
me
what
they
______
yesterday?
(do)
wrote
moves
has
taken
had
been
rises
did
三、语序
宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例如：Where
does
he
live?
I
don’t
know.
=
I
don’t
know
where
he
lives.
1.
When
will
he
go
to
the
library?
?His
brother
asks
when
he
will
go
to
the
library
.
?His
brother
asks
when
will
he
go
to
the
library
.
2.
What
does
he
want
to
buy
?
?
I
don’t
know
what
he
wants
to
buy
.
?
I
don’t
know
what
does
he
want
to
buy
.
3.
Who
are
we
going
to
meet
?
?
Can
you
tell
me
who
we
are
going
to
meet
?
?
Can
you
tell
me
who
are
we
going
to
meet
?
4.
Does
he
know
French
?
?
We
want
to
know
if/whether
he
knows
French
.
?
We
want
to
know
if/whether
does
he
know
French.
5.
Will
they
go
to
Canada
in
summer
?
?
They’
re
not
sure
if
/whether
they
will
go
to
Canada
in
summer
.
?
They’
re
not
sure
if
/whether
will
they
go
to
Canada
in
summer
.
1.
Did
the
students
have
a
picnic
last
Sunday
?
Do
you
know
?
?
2.
Mr.
Smith
have
been
in
China
for
about
three
years
.
Jim
told
Lin
Tao
.
Do
you
know
if/whether
the
students
had
a
picnic
last
Sunday
?
Jim
told
Lin
Tao
(that)
Mr
Smith
had
been
in
China
for
about
three
years
.
3.
Which
book
should
I
read
first
?
Please
tell
me
.
4.
Light
travels
faster
than
sound
.
Our
teacher
told
us
in
yesterday’s
class
.
Please
tell
me
which
book
I
should
read
first
.
Our
teacher
told
us
(that)
light
travels
faster
than
sound
in
yesterday’s
class
.
1．could
/
would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。
注意事项
Could
you
please
tell
me
where
we
show
our
tickets
?
Could
you
tell
us
which
gate
we
have
to
go
to
?
Would
you
like
to
know
when
he
will
come
back
?
2.
如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that
She
says
(that)
she
will
leave
a
message
on
his
desk
.
He
said
(that)
he
was
going
to
take
care
of
the
child
.
He
asks
if
I
like
playing
the
piano
.
You
may
ask
the
man
over
there
how
you
can
get
to
the
bus
station
.
3.
如果从句中含有or或or
not时，只能
用whether而不用if
Could
you
tell
me
whether
that’s
a
fast
train
or
not
?
Do
you
know
whether
he
is
right
or
not
?
I
don’t
care
whether
he’ll
stay
here
or
not
.
4.否定的转移
当主句的谓语主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think,
believe,
guess,
suppose等词
时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。
I
don't
think
he
is
right.
附加疑问句（反意疑问句）
1.当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：
I
don’t
think
he
is
serious,_________?
5.标点符号的确定
带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句。
主句是
陈述句:
。
He
asked
me
where
I
went
just
now.
问句：
？
Do
you
know
when
he’ll
be
back?
1.
Could
you
show
me
________
?
A.
how
can
I
get
to
the
station
B.
where
is
the
station
C.
how
I
could
get
to
the
station
D.
how
I
can
reach
the
station
2.
Please
tell
me
_______.
A.
what
does
he
like
B.
what
he
does
like
C.
what
he
likes
D.
what
he
like
3.
My
sister
told
him
________
.
A.
what
day
was
it
B.
when
the
train
arrived
C.
who
she
was
waiting
D.
where
did
you
live
C
B
D
4.
Could
you
tell
me
where
we
_______
next
week
.
A.
would
go
B.
to
go
C.
had
to
go
D.
will
go
5.
Could
you
tell
me
how
much
________to
fly
to
Hainan
?
A.do
it
cost
B.does
it
cost
C.it
cost
D.it
costs
6.
The
small
children
don't
know
______.
A.what
is
their
stockings
in
B.what
is
in
their
stockings
C.where
is
their
stockings
in
D.what
in
their
stockings
D
B
D
7.
Someone
is
ringing
the
doorbell
.
Go
and
see
_______
.
A.
who
is
he
B.
who
he
is
C.
who
is
it
D.
who
it
is
8.
Could
you
tell
me
how
long
__________
?
A.
you
have
bought
the
watch
B.
you
have
kept
this
science
book
C.
have
you
been
away
from
China
D.
have
you
been
a
member
of
Greener
China
B
D
将下列句子合并为一句:
1.
Where
do
they
stop
on
the
way?
I
asked.
2.
What
will
you
speak
at
the
meeting?
Could
you
tell
me?
3.
Do
they
like
to
make
friends
with
us?
He
asked.
4.
“
I
am
doing
my
homework.”
He
said.
5.
“I
will
come
back.”
Tom
said.
6.
“Is
he
doing
his
homework?”
Jim
asked.
I
asked
where
they
stopped
on
the
way.
Could
you
tell
me
what
you
will
speak
at
the
meeting?
He
asked
if
they
liked
to
make
friends
with
them.
He
said
that
he
was
doing
his
homework.
Tom
said
that
he
would
come
back.
Jim
asked
if
he
was
doing
his
homework.
Ⅰ.单项选择?
1.Do
you
remember
_________
last
time??
A.what
is
your
teacher
saying?B.what
your
teacher
said?
C.what
did
your
teacher
say?
D.what
your
teacher
says
?
2.He
didn't
tell
me
_________.?
A.how
old
he
was
?B.how
old
was
he?
C.he
was
how
old?
D.how
much
did
it
cost?
3.Excuse
me,could
you
tell
me
_________??
A.what's
wrong
with
him?
B.what
wrong
is
with
him?
C.what
was
wrong
with
him?D.what
wrong
was
with
him?
课时训练
(B)
(A)
(A)
4.Excuse
me，can
you
tell
me
_________??
A.does
the
train
leave?
B.the
train
had
left?
C.the
train
leaves?
D.did
the
train
leave
?
5.I
wonder
_________.?
A.where
have
you
gone
?
B.where
you
have
gone?
C.where
have
you
been?
D.where
you
have
been?
6.He
wants
to
know
_________
America.?
A.when
will
Mr.Li
leave
for?
B.when
will
Mr.Wang
stay
in?
C.why
will
Mr.Wang
stay
in
?D.when
Mr.Wang
will
leave
for
7.I
want
to
know
if
_________
a
meeting
tomorrow.?
A.you
have?
B.you
will
have?
C.do
you
have?
D.will
you
have??
(C)
(D)
(D)
(B)
8.I'd
like
to
know
_________.?
A.when
will
he
give
back
the
tape?
B.whether
has
he
received
higher
education?
C.that
he
has
been
busy?
D.whether
she
will
join
in
our
English
Evening
?
9.He
asked
me
whether
I
_________
to
his
birthday
party
if
I
_________
time.
A.was
going,had?
B.would
go
,would
have?
C.was
going,was
going
to
have?
D.will
go,have
?
10.He
said
he
_________
to
visit
that
famous
museum
the
next
week.?
A.will
go?
B.should
go?
C.were
going?
D.would
go?
11.He
asked
_______
they
could
go
to
Beijing
or
Nanjing.
A.how
B.what
C.if
D.whether?
(D)
(A)
(D)
(D)
Ⅱ.句型转换
同义句转换?
(1)He
taught
me
how
to
surf.?
He
taught
me
how
____
______surf.?
(2)The
foreigners
want
to
know
how
they
can
learn
Chinese
well.?
The
foreigners
want
to
know
______
____learn
chinese
well.?
(3)He
can't
decide
which
one
to
choose.?
He
can't
decide
which
one
____
_______choose.?
(4)He
asked
“Do
you
like
living
here?"?
He
asked
____you
_______living
here.?
课时训练
I
could
how
to
he
could
if
liked
(5)Could
you
tell
me
where
I
should
show
the
tickets.?
Could
you
tell
me
______
___
______the
tickets.
(6)I
wondered
whether
I
could
go.?
I
wondered
_______
_____go.?
(7)I
don't
know
what
I
should
say
at
the
meeting??
I
don't
know
______
____say
at
the
meeting.
?
(8)Can
you
tell
me
which
dress
we
should
buy.?
Can
you
tell
me
_______
______
______buy.?
课时训练
where
to
show
whether
to
what
to
which
dress
to