(共16张PPT)
写作·触类旁通
请根据下面表格中的内容写一个有关诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言的简介。
注意:1.要求内容完整充实,语言连贯通顺;
2.可适当添加细节,以使行文连贯,不要逐字翻译;
3.词数100左右。
初读课文·明大意
初读课文·明大意
初读课文·明大意
★介绍出生日期和家庭背景:
×××
came
from
a
worker’s
family
and
he
became
interested
in...when
he
was
young.
×××出生于一个工人家庭,小时候就对……感兴趣。
Born
on
May
1,1978,×××
went
to
school
at
the
age
of
six.
×××生于1978年5月1日,六岁开始上学。
★介绍外表和性格
×××
is
a
pretty
young
woman
with
big
eyes
and
long
black
hair.
×××年轻漂亮,有着大眼睛和长长的黑发。
×××
is
a
warm-hearted
man
and
always
ready
to
help
others.
×××心地善良,总是乐于助人。
★介绍教育和工作经历
After
finishing
middle
school,he
went
to
university,majoring
in...
中学毕业后,他上了大学,专业是……
Having
graduated
from
the
university,he
first...,then...
大学毕业后,他先……,后来又……
★介绍贡献和评价
×××
has
devoted
his
whole
life
to...and
made
great
contributions
in
the
field
of...
×××一生致力于……,并在……领域做出了巨大的贡献。
×××
is
respected
by
people
all
over
the
country.
×××受到全国人的尊敬。
你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报,介绍我国著名的科学家钱学森。请你根据下列提示写一篇英语短文。
钱学森简介
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.标题已给出,不计入总词数;
3.信中不能出现与本人相关的信息。
参考词汇:
航空学
the
Science
of
Astronomy;
航天科技事业
Astronomy
and
Aircraft
industry;
“神童”a
super-talented
boy。
A
Brief
Introduction
of
Qian
Xuesen
Born
into
a
wealthy
family
on
December
11,1911,Zhejiang
Province,Qian
Xuesen
was
so
clever
that
he
was
regarded
as
a
super-talented
boy
in
his
childhood.Having
graduated
from
Shanghai
Jiaotong
University
in
1934,he
went
to
America
for
his
further
study
and
gained
his
doctor’s
degree
in
the
Science
of
Astronomy.Since
he
returned
to
China,he
has
devoted
all
his
life
to
China’s
Astronomy
and
Aircraft
industry,taking
part
in
the
design
and
research
of
rockets
and
missiles
as
well
as
opening
a
new
era
of
China’s
Astronomy
industry.?
It’s
for
his
outstanding
achievements
that
Qian
Xuesen
is
honored
as
the
“Father
of
China’s
Astronomy”
and
the
“King
of
Rockets”.Qian
Xuesen,a
pioneer
of
China’s
Astronomy
industry,passed
away
in
November,2009
in
Beijing. ?(共14张PPT)
Section
Ⅴ
Building
Up
Your
Vocabulary
单元小结
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.register
vt.&vi.登记;注册
→ registration
n.登记;注册;挂号?
2.male
adj.男(性)的;雄的 n.雄性动(植)物;男子
→ female
adj.女(性)的;雌的 n.雌性动(植)物;女子?
3.nation
n.国家;民族;国民
→ nationality n.国籍;民族?
4.design
n.设计;设计方案 vt.设计;筹划
→ designer
n.设计者?
5.formal
adj.正式的;正规的
→ formally
adv.正式地;正规地?
6.annoy
vt.使恼怒;打扰
→ annoyed
adj.恼怒的;生气的?
7.impress
vt.使钦佩;给……留下深刻的印象;留下印象
vi.留下印象;引人注目
→ impression
n.印象;感想?
8.concentrate
vi.&vt.集中(注意力);聚精会神
→ concentration
n.集中;专心?
9.confident
adj.自信的;有把握的
→ confidence
n.信心;信任?
10.organise
vt.组织;筹备;安排;组建 vi.组建;成立
→ organization
n.组织;团体;机构?
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. at
last终于;最终?
2.make
an
impression留下好印象?
3.what
if
要是……会怎么样呢??
4.concentrate
on
集中精力于?
5.leave... alone
不打扰;不惊动?
6.look
forward
to
盼望;期望?
7.take
notes
记笔记?
8. in
the
future在将来?
9.decide
on
决定?
10.depend
on
依赖;依靠?
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.I’d
like
to
do...我想……
I’d
like
to
have
a
student
ID
card,please.?
我想有张学生身份卡。
2.I
don’t
believe
you
know...我相信你不知道……
I
don’t
believe
you
know
the
secret
of
the
girl.?
我相信你不知道这个女孩的秘密。
3.形容词比较级的句型:more+adj.+than...
I
feel
much
more
confident
than
I
felt
this
morning.?
我感到比上午自信多了。
4.be
busy
(in)
doing
sth忙于做某事
I
play
computer
games
if
I’m
not
busy studying
.
如果我不忙于学习,我就玩电脑游戏。
Ⅳ.重点语法
句子成分与简单句的基本句型
说出画线部分的句子成分与句型类型
1.The
girl
smiled.?
2.I
love
my
country.
3.Mr.Smith
is
kind
and
friendly.?
4.He
gave
us
a
surprise.?
5.I
find
English
easy
and
fun.?
6.They
speak
loudly.
主语;SV
谓语;SVO
表语;SP
间接宾语;直接宾语;S
V
IO
DO
宾语补足语;SVOC
状语;SVA
7.They
are
having
a
meeting
in
the
classroom.?
8.There
are
many
cars
in
the
street.
宾语;SVOA
主语;There
be...
Ⅴ.功能意念
Introductions
1.My
name
is...我的名字是……
2.I’m...我是……
3.This
is...这是……
4.Have
you
met...?你见过……吗?
5.Do
you
know...?你知道……吗?
6.May
I
introduce...?我可以介绍……吗?
7.I’d
like
you
to
meet...我想会见……。
8.I
don’t
believe
you
know...我相信你不知道……。
Greetings
1.Hi/Hello!你好!
2.Good
morning!上午好!
3.What’s
up?怎么啦?
4.How’s
it
going?事情进行得怎么样了?
5.How
are
things
going?事情进行得怎么样了?
6.How
are
you?你好吗?
7.How
are
you
doing?你好吗?
8.Nice/Glad
to
meet
you.很高兴见到你。
Responses
1.Hi/Hey!你好!
2.Morning.上午好。
3.Not
much.没什么。
4.Great!太棒了!
5.I’m
fine,and
you?我很好,你呢?
6.Very
well,thank
you.很好,谢谢你。
7.How
about
you?你呢?
8.Nice/Glad
to
meet
you,too.也很高兴见到你。(共36张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Listening
and
Talking
&
Reading
for
Writing
词汇认知
汉译英
1. flash
n.光;信号 vi.闪耀;闪光;发出信号
vt.使闪耀;发出(信号)?
2. goal
n.目标;球门;射门?
3. strategy
n.策略;策划?
4. partner
n.同伴;配偶;合伙人?
5. company
n.公司;商行;陪伴?
6. style
n.方式;作风?
词汇拓展
7.organise
vt.组织;筹备;安排;组建 vi.组建;成立
→ organisation n.组织;团体;机构?
8.curious
adj.好奇的;求知欲强的
→ curiosity
n.好奇;好奇心?
9.personality
n.性格;个性
→ personal
adj.个人的;个性的?
10.revise
vt.&vi.修改;修订;复习
→ revision
n.复习?
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】use
flash
cards.(Page
7)
考点
flash
n.光;信号;(想法的)突现 vt.使闪耀;发出(信号) vi.闪耀;闪光;发出信号
a
flash
of
lightning一道闪电
a
camera
with
a
built-in
flash有内置闪光灯的照相机
in/like
a
flash很快地;马上
语境领悟
(1)Suddenly
he
had
a
flash
of
inspiration.
突然间他灵感来了。
(2)I’ll
need
flash
for
this
shot.
拍这个镜头我需要闪光灯。
(3)I
couldn’t
stop
him.He
was
up
there
in
a
flash.
我拦不住他,他一下子就上去了。
(4)Lightning
flashed
in
the
sky.
闪电在空中划过。
(5)He
flashed
the
light
in
my
eyes.
他用光晃我的眼。
(6)Images
of
the
war
flashed
across
the
screen.
屏幕上闪过战争的画面。
(7)Memories
flashed
through
his
mind.
回忆掠过他的脑海。
(8)A
good
idea
flashed
into
my
mind.
我突然想到一个好主意。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1) Flashes (flash)
of
light
were
followed
by
an
explosion.
(2)On
the
horizon,she
saw
a
flash
of
silver.?
单句改错
(3)Lightning
was
flashed
among
the
distant
dark
clouds.
去掉was ?
(4)Red
lights
flashed
to
them
a
warning.
去掉to ?
完成句子
(5)他可能在撒谎的想法在我脑海里闪过。
The
possibility
that
he
was
lying
flashed
through
my
mind .?
2.【教材原文】How
does
Li
Ming
organise
his
thoughts?
(Page
7)
考点
organize/organise
vt.组织;筹备;安排;组建 vi.组建;成立
(1)organized/organised
adj.(只用于名词前)有组织的;有安排的;有序的;有条理的
①organized
crime有组织的犯罪活动
②a
very
organized
person很有条理的人
(2)organizer/organiser
n.组织者
(3)organization/organisation
n.组织;团体;机构;组织工作
①form/set
up
an
international
organization成立国际组织
②the
World
Health
Organization(WHO)世界卫生组织
语境领悟
(1)organize
a
meeting/party/trip安排会议/聚会/旅行
(2)I
knew
nothing
about
organizing
any
big
event.
对于筹备大型活动我一无所知。
(3)You
should
try
and
organize
your
time
better.
你应该更好地安排时间。
(4)organize
into
a
union/party组建工会/政党
(5)The
scientist
need
to
organize
themselves
into
a
team.
这些科学家需要组成一个团队。
(6)I
want
to
work
with
a
well
organized
team.
我想和组织良好的团队一起工作。
(7)He
is
engaged
in
the
organization
of
a
new
club.
他正忙于筹建一个新的俱乐部。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)She
and
her
organisation (organise)
were
given
the
Nobel
Peace
Prize
in
1997.?
(2)It’s
difficult
for
us
to
organise (organise)
our
ideas
at
that
dangerous
time.?
(3)Each
set
of
questions
is
organised (organise)
around
a
specific
topic.?
完成句子
(4)只有组织起来,才能发挥集体智慧。
Only
with
organization
can
the
wisdom
of
the
collection
be
given
full
play.?
3.【教材原文】I’m
curious
about
everything.(Page
8)
考点
curious
adj.好奇的;求知欲强的;奇异的;奇怪的
(1)curiously
adv.好奇地
(2)curiosity
n.好奇心
satisfy/arouse
sb’s
curiosity满足/激起某人的好奇心
out
of
curiosity出于好奇
语境领悟
(1)He’s
such
a
curious
boy,always
asking
questions.
他是个好奇心很强的男孩,总爱问问题。
(2)In
high
school,I
became
curious
about
the
computer,and
built
my
first
website.
上高中时,我对电脑产生了好奇心,创办了自己的第一个网站。
(3)We
were
curious
to
know
where
she’s
gone.
我们很想知道她去哪里了。
(4)It
is
curious
that
she
left
without
saying
goodbye.
很奇怪她不辞而别了。
(5)Curiosity
killed
the
cat.
好奇害死猫。(告诫人不要过多打听)
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)He
was
curious
to
know
what
was
happening
in
the
office.?
(2)People
have
always
been
curious
about
how
living
things
on
the
earth
exactly
began.?
(3)The
boy
decided
to
try
a
cigarette
out
of
curiosity (curious).?
单句改错
(4)Curious
enough,he
had
never
seen
his
boss.
Curious→Curiously ?
完成句子
(5)Four
people
entered
the
room
and
looked
around
in a
curious way (好奇地向四周张望).?
4.【教材原文】How
you
like
to
learn
depends
on
what
kind
of
person
you
are.(Page
10)?
考点
depend
on/upon
依靠;信赖;相信;信赖;由……决定;取决于
(1)It/That
(all)
depends.那得看情况。
(2)dependence
n.依靠;依赖;信任;信赖
语境领悟
(1)We
depend
on
energy
to
do
many
things
in
our
daily
lives.
在日常生活中,我们做很多事都离不开能源。
(2)If
our
parents
do
everything
for
us
children,we
won’t
learn
to
depend
on
ourselves.
如果父母替我们这些孩子做所有的事情,我们就学不会独立。
(3)Depend
upon
it,we
shall
solve
the
problem
at
last.
请相信,我们最终会解决这个问题。
(4)You
can
depend
on
Jane—she
always
keeps
her
promises.
你可以信赖简,她总是信守诺言。
(5)How
much
sleep
you
need
depends
a
lot
on
your
age.
你需要多少睡眠主要取决于你的年龄。
(6)—How
long
are
you
staying?
你会待多久?
—I
don’t
know.It
depends.
我不知道,那得看情况。
(7)He
is
his
mother’s
dependence.
他是他母亲的依靠。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)—What
are
you
going
to
do
this
weekend?
— It
depends.If
time
permits,I
may
go
to
Shanghai
with
my
friends.?
(2)Don’t
always
depend
on
others.You
should
learn
to
rely
on
yourself.?
单句改错
(3)We
depend
by
him
finishing
the
job
this
weekend.
by→on ?
完成句子
(4)He
was
the
sort
of
person
you
could depend
on (你可以信赖的).?
句型剖析
1.【教材原文】At
the
weekends,I
play
computer
games
if
I’m
not
busy
studying.(Page
8)
常省去介词in的句型还有:
spend
some
time
(in)
doing
sth花费时间做某事
be
engaged
(in)
doing
sth从事于某事;忙于某事
句法分析
这是一个主从复合句,条件状语从句中be
busy
(in)
doing
sth表示“忙于做某事”,介词in可省略;be
busy
with
sb/sth“忙于某人/某事”。
语境领悟
(1)I
am
so
busy
with
my
classes
that
I
just
don’t
have
time
to
exercise.
我课业太忙,没时间锻炼。
(2)Right
now,I’m
busy
preparing
for
the
National
College
Entrance
Examination.
目前,我正忙着准备高考。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)He
would
have
helped
us
yesterday,but
he
was
busy
with
his
work.?
(2)My
mother
is
busy
in
preparing (prepare)
dinner
now.?
单句改错
(3)I’m
busy
about
a
customer
at
the
moment.Can
I
call
you
back?
about→with ?
完成句子
(4)我每天花1个小时背英语单词。
I
spend an hour reciting
English
words
every
day.?
2.【教材原文】No
matter
what
you
want
to
learn,it
is
important
to
decide
on
your
goal
before
you
make
a
plan.
(Page
10)
(1)真正的主语可以是不定式,也可以是动名词短语,也可以是从句。
(2)it既可以做真正的主语,也可以做真正的宾语。
句法分析
这是一个较复杂的主从复合句,No
matter
what是让步状语从句;before
you...为时间状语从句,it’s
important...为主句。此主句中,it是形式主语,to
decide
on...为动词不定式短语做真正的主语。其句型结构是:
It
is/was+adj.(+for
sb./of
sb.)
to
do
sth.
语境领悟
(1)It
is
necessary
for
us
to
learn
something
about
the
use
of
“it”.
对我们来说了解一些“it”的用法是必要的。
(2)It’s
very
easy
to
be
wise
after
the
event.
当事后诸葛亮很容易。
(3)It’s
no
use
crying
over
spilt
milk.
牛奶洒了,哭也没有用。
(4)It
doesn’t
interest
me
whether
you
come
or
not.
你来还是不来我并不感兴趣。
(5)We
think
it
important
to
learn
English.
我们认为学习英语很重要。
(6)Buses
make
it
easy
to
get
to
the
place.
公共汽车使到达此地很容易。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It
is
not
wise
to
waste (waste)
such
a
thing.?
(2)It
is
clever
of
you
to
give
up
your
plan.?
单句改错
(3)I
found
very
interesting
to
study
English.
found后加it ?
(4)I
think
that
no
use
telling
them.
that→it ?
完成句子
(5)对你来说思考你的学习策略很重要。
It’s
very
important
for
you
to
think
your
strategy.?(共53张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ
Discovering
Useful
Structures
语法图解
英语句子成分与基本句型
基本句型
探究发现
一、阅读下列句子,体会各句子中画线部分的句子成分。
1.The
train
has
arrived.?
2.My
head
aches.
3.He
bought
me
a
book.
4.Jim
built
his
own
house.?
5.We
had
a
meeting
in
our
classroom.?
6.He
became
a
scientist.?
7.We
all
enjoy
reading
English
very
much.?
8.There
is
a
blue
pen
and
a
yellow
book
on
her
desk.?
句子成分主要有 主语 、 谓语 、宾语、表语、状语、宾语补足语等,这些是构成句子的单位要素。?
二、朗读下列句子,体会其句型结构。
1.The
moon
rose
slowly.
2.Jane
is
reading
a
fairy
story.
3.David
became
an
engineer.
4.I
heard
him
singing
in
the
hall.
5.Emma
taught
the
children
English.
6.There
is
a
supermarket
around
the
corner.
按照句子结构划分,句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句,每个简单句有 主 语部分(或并列主语)和 谓 语部分,由于所用的主要动词不同(即系动词、不及物动词和及物动词三种)就产生了不同的句子类型。英语简单句有七种基本句型,此外,还有一种“ there
be +主语+状语”句型。?
语法精析
句子成分与基本句型
一、句子成分
句法主要讲句子的成分、种类和类型以及遣词造句的规律。
句子成分是句中起一定功用的一个组成部分。句子成分可以分为六种:
1.主语
主语是句子的主体,是句子所要说明的人或物,表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”。主语通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或主语从句等担任,其位置在陈述句基本结构的前部。如:
Professor
Wang
is
a
well-known
scholar.
王教授是一位著名的学者。(名词)
I
read
newspaper
every
day.
我每天读报。(代词)
Three
plus
six
is
nine.
三加六得九。(数词)
To
become
a
professor
has
been
his
ambition.
当教授一直是他的抱负。(不定式)
Smoking
is
harmful
to
health.
吸烟对健康有害。(动名词)
What
we
shall
do
next
is
not
yet
decided.
下一步我们做什么还未定下来。(主语从句)
The
aged
are
well
taken
care
of
in
the
village.
这个村里的老年人都得到了很好的照顾。(名词化的形容词)
2.谓语
谓语说明主语的动作或状态的部分。谓语通常由动词或动词短语担任,其位置在主语之后。如:
His
mother
is
a
doctor.
他的妈妈是一位大夫。(系动词)
We
study
English.
我们学习英语。(行为动词)
We
should
pay
attention
to
English
idioms.
我们应注意英语的习语。(动词短语)
3.宾语
宾语表示及物动词的对象或内容。介词后面的名词或代词叫做介词宾语。宾语通常由名词、代词、数词或与之相当的结构担任,其位置在及物动词或介词之后。如:
Brent
bought
a
computer
last
year.
布伦特去年买了一台电脑。(名词)
We
help
each
other
and
learn
from
each
other.
我们互相帮助,互相学习。(代词)
I
asked
for
six.
我要六个。(数词)
They
began
to
quarrel
among
themselves.
他们内部开始了争吵。(不定式短语)
Would
you
mind
coming
earlier
tomorrow?
你明天早点来行吗?(动名词短语)
We
should
heal
the
wounded
and
save
the
dying.
我们应该救死扶伤。(名词化的形容词或分词)
I
don’t
know
where
he
has
gone.
我不知道他去哪儿了。(从句)
宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类,其中直接宾语指动作的直接对象,间接宾语说明动作的非直接性,但受动作的影响。一般而言,及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语,而该宾语通常为直接宾语,有些及物动词要求两个宾语,则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语,另一个为间接宾语。
Show
me(间接宾语)
your
tickets(直接宾语),please.
请让我看看你的票。
4.表语
表语是在连系动词之后表示主语的性质、特征、状态或身份的部分。表语通常由名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语以及动词不定式、动名词、分词或表语从句担任,其位置在连系动词之后。如:
His
father
is
a
lawyer.
他的父亲是律师。(名词)
This
dictionary
is
mine,not
hers.
这本词典是我的,不是她的。(代词)
Andy
is
always
careless.
安迪总是粗心。(形容词)
The
football
match
is
on.
足球赛正在进行。(副词)
Your
number
is
42.
你的号码是42。(数词)
All
the
pupils
are
on
the
playground.
学生们现在都在操场上。(介词短语)
Her
job
is
to
look
after
the
children.
她的工作是照看孩子。(不定式短语)
His
job
is
teaching
you
how
to
use
the
machine.
他的工作是教你们怎样使用这台机器。(动名词短语)
Ben
seemed
surprised
at
the
news.
本对这消息似乎感到吃惊。(分词)
The
key
question
is
how
we
should
solve
the
problem.
关键的问题是我们应该怎样解决这个问题。(从句)
5.补语
补语用于补充说明主语或宾语。补语通常由形容词、名词或其他相当的结构担任。补语可分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。
(1)宾语补足语。如:
The
government
appointed
her
chief
delegate
to
the
conference.
政府任命她为出席那个会议的代表团团长。(名词)
Christian
doesn’t
believe
the
story
true.
克里斯蒂安不相信这故事是真的。(形容词)
The
doctor
advised
her
to
stay
in
bed
for
a
week.
医生建议她卧床休息一周。(动词不定式短语)
They
saw
her
walking
into
the
bookstore.
他们看见她进书店了。(分词短语)
The
children
saw
the
kite
up
and
up.
孩子们看到风筝越飞越高。(副词)
You
should
put
your
books
in
order.
你应该把书摆整齐。(介词短语)
若宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句,可用it做形式宾语代替其位置,而将其放到宾语补足语后面。如:
I
found
it
difficult
to
finish
the
task
in
time.
我觉得按时完成任务很困难。(不定式)
Do
you
consider
it
any
good
sending
more
people
there?
你觉得再多派一些人去那儿会有好处吗?(动名词)
We
have
made
it
clear
that
we
disagreed.
我们已清楚地表明我们不同意。(从句)
(2)主语补足语
含宾语补足语的句子改成被动语态时,原宾语和宾语补足语便分别成为主语和主语补足语。如:
We
found
him
working
in
the
office.
我们发现他正在办公室工作。
Bruce
was
found
working
in
the
office.
布鲁斯被发现在办公室工作。
6.状语
状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。状语通常由副词或与之相当的结构担任。修饰形容词或副词的状语放在被修饰语之前;修饰动词的状语有的放在动词之前,有的放在动词之后。若动词有宾语,状语通常放在宾语之后。如:
Daisy
speaks
English
quite
well.
戴茜英语讲得相当好。(副词)
Anthony
has
been
in
the
hospital
for
over
a
week.
安东尼已住院一个多星期了。(介词短语)
Gaby
went
to
France
to
learn
French.
加比去法国学法语。(不定式)
Arriving
at
the
station,Gavin
found
the
train
gone.到火车站时,加文发现火车已开走了。(分词)
If
I
have
some
spare
time,I
will
take
up
German.
如果我有空闲时间,我将学习德语。(从句)
Fred
is
leaving
for
Shanghai
the
day
after
tomorrow.
弗瑞德后天动身去上海。(名词短语)
二、简单句的基本句型
1.S+V→主语+谓语(不及物动词)(+状语)
在此句型中,“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。不及物动词后面不能直接带宾语。但是有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、地点、时间等,可以有状语来修饰。
Class
begins.(begin为不及物动词,后面不能带宾语)开始上课。
His
father
has
gone
abroad.(状语abroad修饰动词)他父亲出国了。
Jim
runs
in
the
park.
吉姆在公园里跑步。
We
stopped
to
have
a
rest.我们停下来休息。
一些动词既可以做不及物动词,也可以做及物动词。
They
are
playing
on
the
playground.(play为不及物动词)
他们在操场上玩。
They’re
playing
football.(play为及物动词)
他们在踢足球。
2.S+V+O→主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
在此句型中,谓语动词是及物动词,其后必须跟宾语才能使句意表达完整。句子的宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式、从句或相当于名词的词、短语等来充当。
She
likes
English.她喜欢英语。
He
stopped
writing.他停下笔。
They
want
to
go.他们想走。
She
knows
what
to
do
next.
她知道下一步做什么。
有些不及物动词后面加上介词就相当于一个及物动词,后面就可以加宾语了。例如,在句子You
must
listen
to
me.(你必须听我的。)中,listen是不及物动词,但加上to之后,listen
to相当于一个及物动词,其后可以跟宾语me。
3.S+V+P→主语+系动词+表语(+状语)
be动词和become是英语中常见的系动词,后面必须接表语,才能用来说明主语,表示“……是……”“……变成……”等意思。表语通常由名词、副词、形容词、代词、数词、介词短语及不定式等充当。
He
became
a
scientist.
他成了一名科学家。
My
sister
is
out
now.我姐姐现在出去了。
They
are
honest.他们是诚实的。
在英语中,除了be动词和become属于系动词外,还有一些行为动词,当它们表示状态存在或表示状态变化时也可以做系动词。这类动词包括:
变化系动词:become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run
感官系动词:look,feel,smell,sound,taste
持续系动词:keep,remain,stay,lie,stand
表像系动词:seem,appear,look
终止系动词:prove,turn
out
Children
grow
wiser
as
they
grow.
孩子们随着年龄的增长会变聪明。
The
Lijiang
River
looks
especially
beautiful
in
the
early
morning.清晨,漓江看起来格外美丽。
Dinner
smells
good.饭菜闻起来很香啊。
His
voice
sounded
strange
on
the
phone.
他的声音在电话里听着挺怪的。
I
like
this
kind
of
cake.It
tastes
delicious
very
much.
我喜欢这种蛋糕,它尝起来十分美味。
4.S+V+IO+DO→主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
及物动词做谓语时,后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语,二者合称双宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象;间接宾语是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或物,也就是说,间接宾语是指动作是对谁做的,或是为谁做的,所以只能是名词或宾格代词担当间接宾语。
I
bought
John
a
birthday
present.(名词John是间接宾语,a
birthday
present是直接宾语)
我给约翰买了生日礼物。
Please
tell
me
your
telephone
number.(宾格代词me是间接宾语,your
telephone
number是直接宾语)
请告诉我你的电话号码。
间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前,构成句型“主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语”。在此句型中,间接宾语有时也可以改成一个由to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语之后,构成“主语+谓语(及物动词)+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”句型。当直接宾语是人称代词,间接宾语是名词时,或者两个宾语都是人称代词时,需用此句型。
I
sent
a
postcard
to
my
best
friend.
我给我最好的朋友发了一张明信片。
I
passed
it
to
my
mother.我把它递给了我妈妈。
She
threw
them
to
me.她把它们扔给了我。
I
found
a
spare
ticket
for
him.
我为他找到了一张多余的票。
Shall
I
order
a
taxi
for
you?要我给你叫辆出租车吗?
须在间接宾语前加to的常见动词有:
bring带……给某人
post邮给
show给……看
sell卖
send寄
take拿,取
throw扔
write给……写信
须在间接宾语前加for的常见动词有:
book为……预定
buy买
call为……叫
choose选择
cook做饭
find为……找到
get得到
leave留下
make生产
order为……订购
pick捡起
save为……节约
5.S+V+O+OC→主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(+状语)
在某些及物动词的后面,需要用一个宾语再加一个宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。宾语和宾语补足语合称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、副词、非谓语动词和介词短语等都可以做宾语补足语。
I
will
make
you
captain.我将让你当船长。
The
manager
asked
Amanda
to
leave.
经理要阿曼达离开。
Yesterday
I
had
a
picture
taken
with
two
Americans.
昨天我和两个美国人一起照了相。
His
speech
left
the
President
in
a
very
difficult
position.
他的话使总统处于艰难境地。
感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice;使役动词make,have,let等后接不定式做宾语补足语时,省去to。但变为被动语态时,
to要还原。
He
saw
the
boy
play
by
the
river.
他看到这个男孩在河边玩耍。
The
boy
was
seen
to
play
by
the
river.
这个男孩被看到在河边玩耍。
上述感官动词等后既可以接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语,也可用动词-ing形式做宾语补足语。前者表示动作已经结束,后者表示动作正在发生,一定要注意二者的区别。
He
saw
a
girl
in
red
get
on
the
bus.(上车的动作已经结束)
他看见一个穿红色衣服的女孩上车了。
He
saw
a
girl
in
red
getting
on
the
bus.(上车的动作正在进行)
他看见一个穿红色衣服的女孩正在上车。
6.S+V+Ad→主语+谓语+状语
这是一个较简单的句型,由主语加上一个不及物动词,再跟上一个表示情感、状态等的状语。
The
girl
smiled
happily.这个女孩高兴地笑了。
He
went
angrily.他生气地走了。
The
earth
runs
around
the
sun.
地球围绕着太阳转。
7.S+V+O+Ad→主语+谓语+宾语+状语
这是一个较常用较简单的句型,其结构由主语加上一个及物动词,跟上宾语,再加上一个状语组成,有时状语也可以放在句首。
He
found
a
watch
in
the
street.
他在街道上发现了一块手表。
They
had
a
lecture
in
the
hall.
他们在大厅里听了讲座。
8.“there+be+S+Ad”→There
be+主语+状语
这是英语中的一个特殊句型,表示“存在”或“有……”。句中的be可换成exist,appear等表示“存在”,“出现”等意思的不及物动词。引导词there可换成“here”或表示“地点、方向”的副词或介词短语等。
There
was
nothing
in
the
box.
箱子里什么也没有。
There
are
two
reasons
for
choosing
this
park.
选择这个公园有两个理由。
At
the
bottom
of
the
ice
shelf
there
lives
a
small
fish.
在冰架底部生活着一种小鱼。
There
remains
a
chance
that
Fred
might
still
turn
up
alive.
弗雷德仍有可能活着回来。
即学即练
一、阅读下列句子,分析画线部分的句子成分
(1)The
sun
rises
in
the
east.( 主语 )?
(2)We
study
English.( 谓语 )
(3)We
are
Chinese.( 表语 )
(4)We
love
China.( 宾语 )
(5)He
sent
me
an
e-mail.( 间接宾语,直接宾语 )?
(6)We
elected
him
monitor.( 宾语补足语 )
(7)Tom
runs
very
fast.( 状语 )?
二、阅读下面对话,分析画线部分的句子成分
W:Hi,Peter.How
are
things
going
with
your
computer
course?
M:Yes,that’s
necessary
if
you
want
to
have
more
chances
in
the
future.
三、根据句型要求,完成或翻译下列句子
1.She
looks
very
beautiful .
(她看上去很漂亮。)
(SP)?
2.We
study
hard .(我们学习很努力。)(SV)?
3.They
are
making
model
planes .
(他们在做飞机模型。)(SVO)?
4.I
gave
him
some
money.
(我给了他一些钱。)
(S
V
IO
DO)?
5.We
think
the
job
very
easy .
(我们认为这项工作很容易。)(SVOC)?
6. There
are
some
flowers
in
the
classroom.
(教室里有一些花。)(There
be...)?(共30张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ
Reading
and
Thinking
词汇认知
汉译英
1. anxious
adj.焦虑的;不安的?
2. senior
adj.级别(或地位)高的 n.较年长的人?
3. outgoing
adj.爱交际的;外向的?
4. guy
n.小伙子;男人;家伙?
5. experiment
n.实验;试验?
6. awkward
adj.令人尴尬的;难对付的?
7. junior
adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的
n.职位较低者;(体育运动中)青少年?
8. explore
vt.&
vi.探索;勘探?
9. forward
(also
forwards)adv.向前;前进
adj.向前的;前进的
?
词汇拓展
10.annoy
vt.使恼怒;打扰→ annoyed
adj.恼怒的;生气的?
11.frightened
adj.惊吓的;害怕的
→ frighten
vt.使惊吓;使害怕?
12.impress
vt.使钦佩;给……留下深刻的好印象
vi.留下印象;引人注目
→ impression
n.印象;感想?
13.concentrate
vi.&
vt.集中(注意力);聚精会神
→ concentration
n.集中(注意力);聚精会神?
14.confident
adj.自信的;有把握的
→ confidence
n.信心;信任?
阅读自测
Step
1 Fast
Reading
一、将下列选项与主人公的每个时间点匹配起来
①7:00
a.m. ②12:30
p.m. ③5:32
p.m.
④10:29
p.m.
A.Han
Jing’s
feelings
of
his
first
day
at
senior
high
school.
B.What
happened
in
the
chemistry
class?
C.How
did
Han
Jing
feel
at
his
maths
class?
D.Han
Jing
felt
much
more
confident
for
his
future.
答案:
①→A ②→C ③→B ④→D
Step
2 Detailed
Reading
二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案
1.Which
of
the
following
words
best
describes
Han
Jing’s
feelings
on
his
first
senior
high
school
day?
A.Frightened.
B.Excited.
C.Disappointed.
D.Pleased.
√
2.What
can
we
infer
about
the
guy
in
the
chemistry
class?
A.The
guy
was
not
interested
in
chemistry.
B.The
guy
disturbed
Han
Jing
on
purpose.
C.Han
Jing
and
the
guy
were
classmates
in
junior
high
school.
D.The
guy
tried
to
teach
Han
Jing
something
on
maths.
√
3.What’s
Han
Jing’s
first
impression
at
the
maths
class?
A.The
teacher
was
kind
but
cruel.
B.Maths
was
not
interesting.
C.His
classmates
and
teachers
were
friendly
and
helpful.
D.The
first
maths
class
was
easy
and
fun.
√
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】I
want
to
make
a
good
first
impression.
(Page
4)
考点
impression
n.印象;感想;印记;压痕
impress
vt.使钦佩;给……留下深刻的好印象
语境领悟
(1)My
words
made
no
impression
on
her.
我的话丝毫没有对她起作用。
(2)I
want
people
to
have
a
good
impression
of
solar
cars.
我想让人们对太阳能汽车有个好印象。
(3)The
girl
gave
me
a
good
impression
on
her
lecture.
这个女孩在她的讲座上给我留下了一个好印象。
(4)It
impressed
me
that
he
remembered
my
name.
令我印象深刻的是他记得我的名字。
(5)One
candidate
in
particular
impressed
us
with
her
knowledge.
尤其有一位候选人,她的学识给我们留下了深刻的印象。
(6)The
teacher
impressed
the
importance
of
English
on/upon
me.
老师让我意识到英语的重要性。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)I
had
the
impression (impress)
that
she
wasn’t
very
happy.?
(2)Ruth
was
keen
to
make
a
good
impression
on
us
all.?
单句改错
(3)What
an
impression
did
you
get
of
the
new
headmaster?
去掉an ?
完成句子
(4)他给人的印象是非常腼腆。
He
gave
the
impression
of
being
very
shy.?
2.【教材原文】I
couldn’t
concentrate
on
the
experiment.
(Page
4)
考点
concentrate
vi.&
vt.(使)聚集于;(使)浓缩;专心;集中(注意力)
concentrated
adj.浓缩的;聚集的;全神贯注的
concentration
n.集中;专心
语境领悟
(1)Italian
industry
is
concentrated
mainly
in
the
north.
意大利的工业主要集中在北部。
(2)When
we
miss
a
night’s
sleep,we
find
it
hard
the
next
day
to
concentrate
and
learn
new
knowledge.
当我们一晩上没睡觉时,就会发现第二天很难集中精力学习新的知识。
(3)We
must
concentrate
our
efforts
on
improving
education.
我们必须集中精力改进教育工作。
(4)When
you
concentrate
on
one
task,you
can
get
it
done
faster
and
better.
当你全神贯注于一项任务时,你就会完成得又快又好。
(5)Concentration
on
your
studies
will
result
in
good
grades.
专心学习就能取得优良成绩。
(6)Tiredness
affects
your
powers
of
concentration.
疲劳影响注意力的集中。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It
may
be
possible
for
you
to
concentrate
(concentrate)
on
that
later
on.?
(2)You
must
concentrate
all
your
energies
on
the
study
of
the
lessons.?
完成句子
(3)这么吵,我很难专心看这篇文章。
With
all
this
noise
going
on,it’s
hard
for
me
to
concentrate
on
reading
this
article
.
句型剖析
1.【教材原文】What
if
no
one
talks
to
me?(Page
4)
What
if要是……会怎么样呢?/如果……该怎么办?
语境领悟
(1)What
if
he
got
lost?
如果他迷路了怎么办?
(2)What
if
aliens
attack
our
earth?
如果外星人袭击我们的地球该怎么办呢?
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1) What
if
the
train
is
late??
(2)What
if
she
can’t
find
her
keys?She’ll
be
locked
out
all
night.?
完成句子
(3)我们把画挪到那边会怎么样?
What
if we move the
picture
over
there??
2.【教材原文】I
found
most
of
my
classmates
and
teachers
friendly
and
helpful.(Page
4)
句法分析
这是一个简单句,由形容词做宾语补足语。其句型结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词)
语境领悟
(1)The
good
news
made
us
very
excited.
这条好消息使我们都很兴奋。
(2)What
you
said
made
me
very
angry.
你的话使我很生气。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Don’t
you
find
the
film
interesting (interest)??
(2)You
missed
the
lecture,and
you
made
our
teacher
disappointed (disappoint).?
完成句子
(3)努力工作,使你的梦想成真。
Work
hard
and
make your dream come true .?
3.【教材原文】I
feel
much
more
confident
than
I
felt
this
morning.(Page
4)
形容词比较级的修饰语
形容词比较级可以由far,still,ever,much,a
great
deal,
somewhat,a
lot,twice等修饰,用于加强比较意义;也可以由a
little,slightly,rather,fairly,a
bit等修饰,用来减弱比较意义,如:
Health
is
a
great
deal
more
valuable
than
wealth.
健康远比财富更宝贵。
Rex
is
a
little
bit
shorter
than
his
brother.
雷克斯比他哥哥矮一点点。
句法分析
这是一个由than引导的比较级句型,用于两者之间进行比较。confident是一个多音节词,其比较级为more
confident。
语境领悟
(1)Real
friendship
is
much
more
valuable
than
money.
真正的友谊比金钱更有价值。
(2)This
lesson
is
easier
than
the
last
one.
这一节课比上一节课容易。
(3)Lucy
is
much
more
diligent
than
her
sister.
露茜比她妹妹勤奋得多。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)I
hope
the
next
train
will
be
less
crowded (crowd)
than
this
one.?
(2)Illustration(说明)
by
example
is
sometimes
better
(good)
than
explanation
in
words.?
单句改错
(3)Light
travels
much
fast
than
sound.
fast→faster ?
完成句子
(4)艾米现在的拼写错误比以前少了。
Amy
made
fewer
spelling
mistakes
than
before.?
(5)奥斯卡现在的钱比以前少了。
Oscar
had
less
money
than
he
had
before.?
