(共10张PPT)
写作·触类旁通
假如你是李华,你在美国的笔友玛丽想参加培训班,但是又不了解汉语。请你写一封100词左右的回信,参考以下要点向玛丽简单介绍一下有关汉语的一些情况。
1.汉语使用广泛,在交流中起着重要作用;
2.普通话是通用语言,但是还有很多其他方言;
3.学习汉语的建议。
参考词汇:普通话
Putonghua/Mandarin
初读课文·明大意
初读课文·明大意
初读课文·明大意
成篇
Dear
Mary,
I’m
glad
to
receive
your
letter.Hearing
that
you’re
going
to
attend
a
Chinese
training
class,I’d
like
to
give
a
brief
introduction
of
Chinese
to
you.
As
you
know,Chinese
is
becoming
more
and
more
important
as
China
is
playing
an
increasingly
important
role
in
the
world.Putonghua,which
is
also
called
Mandarin,is
the
standard
and
official
Chinese
variety.Besides,there
are
many
初读课文·明大意
other
dialects.Many
foreigners
usually
have
difficulty
learning
Chinese
when
they
study
Chinese
for
the
first
time.
I’d
like
to
give
you
some
advice.It’s
a
better
idea
to
do
more
listening.What’s
more,you
can
also
read
books,
magazines
and
newspapers
in
Chinese
to
build
up
your
vocabulary.
I’m
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
1.As
is
known
to
us
all,Chinese
is
widely
used
as
China
is
playing
an
important
role
in
the
world.
2.Chinese
has
the
largest
number
of
speakers
in
the
world,and
is
also
one
of
the
working
languages
of
the
United
Nations.
3.More
and
more
people
are
beginning
to
learn
Chinese,for
learning
Chinese
will
open
new
opportunities
not
only
in
China
but
also
in
the
entire
world.
请根据以下要点提示,为英语报社写一篇介绍汉语的英语短文。
1.汉语标准语又被称为普通话,是世界上最古老的语言之一,很多国家和地区的人们都会讲汉语。
2.汉语是联合国的工作语言之一,世界上越来越多的人在学习汉语,很多著名的大学开设了汉语学科,汉语在国际交流中起着越来越重要的作用。
3.呼吁大家积极学习汉语,了解中国传统文化。
4.词数:100词左右。
The
Language
of
Chinese ?
Standard
Chinese
is
also
called
Putonghua
or
Mandarin,
which
is
one
of
the
most
ancient
languages
in
the?world.
Although
English
is
widely
spoken
all
over
the
world,more
and
more
people
speak
Chinese
at
present.There
are
many
countries
and
areas
where
Chinese
is
spoken.?
Chinese
is
also
one
of
the
working
languages
of
the
United
Nations.As
China
is
becoming
stronger,Chinese
will
certainly
play
a
more
important
part
in
international
communications.
More
and
more
people
in
the
world
are
beginning
to
learn
Chinese
and
many
famous
universities
have
offered
Chinese
courses.?
For
those
who
want
to
get
to
know
Chinese
traditional
cultures,it’s
a
good
idea
to
learn
Chinese.?(共19张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ
Discovering
Useful
Structures
语法图解
定语从句——关系副词(2)
探究发现
1.We’ll
never
forget
the
year
when
the
29th
Olympic
Games
were
held
in
Beijing.
我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。
2.That
is
the
factory
where
we
worked.
这是我们工作过的工厂。
3.I
don’t
know
the
reason
why
he
didn’t
attend
the
meeting.
我不知道他没有出席会议的原因。
4.This
is
the
book
on
which
I
spent
10
yuan.
这就是我花了10元买的那本书。
5.Cotton
grows
well
in
the
places
where
there
isn’t
plenty
of
rain.
(=Cotton
grows
well
where
there
isn’t
plenty
of
rain.)
在雨水不充沛的地区棉花长势好。
6.The
way
that/in
which
he
speaks
to
his
mother
is
unacceptable.
他与母亲说话的方式难以令人接受。
when 表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中做时间状语,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词,如time,day,hour,year等。?
where
表示地点,代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,如place,factory,
house,village等。?
why
表示原因,代替先行词并在定语从句中做原因状语,其先行词一般是 reason 一词。?
关系副词也可以用“介词+关系代词 which ”代替。?
where引导的 定语从句 ,可以用“介词+关系代词which”替换,修饰前面表示地点的名词;而where引导的 状语从句 修饰主句或主句的谓语动词。当way是先行词且定语从句中缺少状语时,引导词用 that , in
which 或不填。?
语法精析
定语从句——关系副词(2)
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做时间、地点、原因状语时,应使用关系副词when,where,why,其作用如下:指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词;在从句中充当状语;起连接作用,它把主句和定语从句连接起来。
1.when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中做时间状语。
I
still
remember
the
day
when
I
joined
the
army.
我还记得我参军的那一天。
误区警示
当先行词是时间名词时,也可以用which或that引导,关键看关系词在从句中做何种成分;若关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语,则用which或that引导。
The
days
that/which
we
spent
together
on
the
farm
are
unforgettable.
我们在农场上一起度过的那些日子是令人难忘的。
2.where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中做地点状语。当position,point,stage,case,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时,若定语从句中缺少状语,则用where来引导。
Is
this
the
museum
where
the
exhibition
was
held?
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗?
2.where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中做地点状语。当position,point,stage,case,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时,若定语从句中缺少状语,则用where来引导。
Is
this
the
museum
where
the
exhibition
was
held?
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗?
误区警示
当先行词是地点名词时,如果关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语,则用that或which来引导。
The
house
that/which
was
built
by
my
grandfather
is
still
in
good
condition.
我祖父建的房子状况仍然很好。
3.why指原因,在句中做原因状语。
I
wondered
the
reason
why
he
refused
my
offer.
我想知道他拒绝我帮助的原因。
误区警示
若代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,则用which或that来引导。
The
boss
won’t
listen
to
the
reason
that/which
he
has
given.
老板就是不听他给出的理由。
4.关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时,关系副词也可以用“介词+关系代词(which/whom)”代替,不可用that。先行词指物时,用which;先行词指人时,用whom。而介词的选择则可以遵循以下原则:(1)根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定。
I
still
remember
the
day
on
which
I
settled
in
this
city.
I
still
remember
the
days
during
which
I
lived
here.
I
still
remember
the
month
in
which
I
stayed
there.
(2)根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定。
The
novel
for
which
she
paid
￥20
is
worth
reading.
The
novel
from
which
she
learnt
a
lot
is
worth
reading.
The
novel
about
which
we
talked
is
worth
reading.
(3)根据从句所表达的意义而确定。
My
computer,without
which
I
can’t
surf
the
Internet,
crashed
yesterday.
昨天我的电脑瘫痪了,没有它我不能上网冲浪。
误区警示
一些与动词搭配的介词可以提到关系代词之前,但有些含有介词的动词词组不能拆开使用,如look
for,hear
from等。
It
is
the
watch
(which/that)
you’re
looking
for?
这就是你正在找的那块表吗?
5.关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的替换。
(1)when相当于“at/in/during/on等+which”。
(2)where相当于“in/at/on+which”。
(3)why相当于for
which。
The
date
on
which
I
joined
the
League
was
October
12,2017.
我入团的日期是2017年10月12日。
The
house
in
which
they
lived
is
a
library
now.
他们住过的房子现在是图书馆了。
Is
that
the
reason
for
which
she
suddenly
changed
her
mind?
那就是她突然改变主意的原因吗?
6.先行词是way时,如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,用which或that;如果缺少状语时,关系词则用that,in
which或不填。
The
way
that/which
she
thought
of
is
very
good.
他想出来的方法是非常好的。
I
recognised
her
by
the
way
(that/in
which)
she
walks.
我是从她走路的方式认出她来的。
即学即练
单句语法填空(用关系副词或“介词+关系代词”填空)
(1)The
foreigners
stayed
in
China
for
two
weeks
when/during
which
they
visited
many
places
of
interest.?
(2)The
reason
that/which
he
told
me
sounded
unbelievable.?
(3)The
boss
of
the
company
tried
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
where/in
which
the
workers
enjoy
their
work.
(4)The
factory
where/in
which
they
are
working
makes
radio
parts.?
(5)Treat
others
in
the
way
that/in
which
you’re
treated.
(6)A
cinema
is
built
where
there
used
to
be
a
shopping
mall.?
(7)Many
young
people,most
of
whom
were
well-educated,headed
for
the
west
to
realise
their
dreams.?
(8)She
didn’t
give
us
the
reason
why/for
which
she
was
late.?(共49张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ
Reading
and
Thinking
词汇认知
汉译英
1. system
n.体系;制度;系统?
2. despite
prep.即使;尽管?
3. factor
n.因素;要素?
4. bone
n.骨头;骨(质)?
5. carve
vt.&
vi.雕刻?
6. dynasty
n.王朝;朝代?
7. major
adj.主要的;重要的;大的
n.主修课程;主修学生 vi.主修;专门研究?
8. classic
adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的?n.经典作品;名著
9. regard
n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待?
10. character
n.文字;符号;角色;品质;特点?
11. calligraphy
n.书法;书法艺术?
12. affair
n.公共事物;事件;关系?
13. specific
adj.特定的;明确的;具体的?
14. ups
and
downs
浮沉;兴衰;荣辱?
15. date
back
(to...)
追溯到?
词汇拓展
16.base
vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部;根据
→ based
adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的?
17.symbol
n.符号;象征→ symbolise
vt.作为……的象征?
18.variety
n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
→ vary
vi.变化;不同
→ various
adj.不同的;各种各样的?
19.global
adj.全球的;全世界的
→ globe
n.地球(仪);球状物?
20.appreciate
vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
→ appreciation
n.欣赏;感激?
阅读自测
Step
1 Fast
Reading
一、快速浏览课文,将段落与其主旨大意相匹配
Paragraph
1
a.The
Chinese
writing
system
began
to
develop
in
one
direction.
Paragraph
2
b.The
Chinese
writing
system
developed
into
different
forms.
Paragraph
3
c.Written
Chinese
connected
the
China’s
past
and
its
present.
Paragraph
4
d.The
Chinese
writing
system
is
still
playing
an
important
part
in
Chinese
culture.
Paragraph
5
e.Written
Chinese
began
as
a
picture-based
language.
Paragraph
6
f.The
Chinese
writing
system
is
one
of
the
main
factors
that
have
helped
China
as
a
well-
known
ancient
civilisation.
答案:
Paragraph
1-f;Paragraph
2-e;Paragraph
3-b;
Paragraph
4-a;Paragraph
5-c;Paragraph
6-d
Step
2 Detailed
Reading
二、根据课文内容,判断正误(T
for
True,F
for
False)
1.China
has
gone
through
many
ups
and
downs
in
its
history.( T )
2.Ancient
Chinese
people
carved
symbols
on
animal
bones
and
shells,but
these
symbols
have
disappeared
in
today’s
hanzi.( F )
3.There
was
a
time
when
many
kinds
of
dialects
and
characters
appeared
in
ancient
China.( T )
4.Although
Chinese
people
speak
different
dialects,they
have
no
difficulty
communicating
with
each
other.( T )
5.The
Chinese
writing
system
is
respected
so
that
Chinese
calligraphy
has
become
part
of
Chinese
culture.( T )
6.Now
the
part
the
Chinese
writing
system
plays
in
China
is
not
so
important
as
before.( F )
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】China
is
widely
known
for
its
ancient
civilisation
which
has
continued
all
the
way
through
into
modern
times,despite
the
many
ups
and
downs
in
its
history.(Page
62)
考点
despite
prep.即使;尽管
despite=in
spite
of后面应该搭配名词、动词-ing形式或名词性从句;而though,although是连词,引导状语从句
语境领悟
(1)Their
minds
are
bright
despite
their
dirty
hands
and
clothes.
尽管他们的手脏衣服脏,但是他们很阳光。
(2)In
spite
of
my
efforts
at
finishing
the
task,I
failed
at
last.
尽管我努力想完成任务,但是我最后还是失败了。
学以致用
句型转换
(1)Although
the
weather
was
bad,they
played
happily
in
the
open
air.
→ Despite
the
bad
weather ,they
played
happily
in
the
open
air.?
(2)In
spite
of
the
fact
that
the
film
is
interesting,I
don’t
like
it.
→ Though/Although/While
the
film
is
interesting,I
don’t
like
it.?
单句语法填空
(3) Despite
what
others
say,he
thinks
it
is
worth
reading.
(4) Although/Though
what
others
say
annoyed
him,he
still
carried
out
the
plan.?
2.【教材原文】It
dates
back
several
thousand
years
to
the
use
of
longgu...(Page
62)
考点
date
back常和to搭配,意为“追溯到;始于”,相当于date
from,无被动语态,且多用于一般现在时中
out
of
date
过时的
up
to
date
最新的;时新的
to
date
至今,到目前为止
语境领悟
(1)Most
of
the
Great
Wall
dates
back
to
the
Ming
Dynasty.
大部分长城始建于明朝。
(2)These
ideas
seem
out
of
date.
这些想法似乎过时了。
(3)This
model
of
cell
phone
is
the
newest
and
most
up
to
date.
这一款手机是最新的,也是最时尚的。
(4)The
girl
has
learned
300
Tang
poems
to
date.
到目前为止这个女孩已学了300首唐诗。
学以致用
用date短语的适当形式填空
(1)The
old
teaching
methods
are
out
of
date
and
should
be
changed.?
(2)The
tradition
dates
back
to/dates
from
the
16th
century.?
(3)I
have
many
books
to
date ,but
none
of
them
are
up
to
date ;they
were
bought
many
years
ago.?
3.【教材原文】Over
the
years,the
system
developed
into
different
forms,as
it
was
a
time
when
people
were
divided
geographically,leading
to
many
varieties
of
dialects
and
characters.(Page
62)
考点一
variety
n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
a
variety
of/varieties
of
多种多样的;形形色色的
vary
vi.变化;不同
various
adj.各种各样的;各种不同的
语境领悟
(1)The
music
itself
has
much
variety.
音乐本身就种类繁多。
(2)The
shop
offers
a
variety
of/varieties
of
goods.
这个商店提供丰富多样的货物。
(3)The
prices
of
vegetables
vary
with
the
season.
蔬菜的价格随季节而变化。
(4)There
are
various
ways
of
cooking
dishes
in
China.
在中国有各种各样的做菜方法。
考点二
character
n.文字;符号;角色;品质;特点
语境领悟
(1)Mr
Brown
doesn’t
know
Chinese
characters.
布朗先生不认识中国汉字。
(2)This
TV
play
includes
many
characters.
这部电视剧包括许多角色。
(3)The
outdoor
activities
are
useful
for
character
building.
这些户外活动对性格塑造有益。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)People
have
to
face
various (vary)
choices
in
their
whole
life.?
(2)Gift
givers
can
choose
from
a
wide
variety (vary)
of
useful
but
inexpensive
things.?
(3)A
new
variety
of
rice
is (be)
being
developed
now.
(4)The
weather
there
varies
from
one
hour
to
another.
写出下列画线单词的汉语意思
(5)The
two
characters
he
played
in
the
movie
are
twins.
( 角色 )
(6)There
is
a
serious
side
to
her
character.( 性格 )
(7)The
whole
character
of
the
school
has
changed
since
a
new
teaching
method
is
introduced.( 特色 )
(8)Chinese
characters
have
a
long
history.( 文字 )
4.【教材原文】That
writing
system
was
of
great
importance
in
uniting
the
Chinese
people
and
culture.(Page
62)
考点
be
of
great
importance=be
very
important
非常重要的
be
of+抽象名词=be+同根形容词
(2)“be+of+n.”结构的否定形式一般为“be+of+no+n.”
be
of
no
use=be
useless
(3)be
of后还可以接表示大小、度量、年龄、颜色、形状、种类等的名词。
be
of...size/weight/age/colour/shape/kind
语境领悟
(1)The
book
he
gave
me
is
of
great
value.
他给我的书非常有价值。
(2)The
two
children
are
of
the
same
age,but
of
different
heights.
这两个孩子年龄一样,但身高不同。
学以致用
句型转换
(1)The
TV
programme
is
very
useful
in
educating
children.
→The
TV
programme
is
of
great/much
use
in
educating
children.?
(2)The
scientist’s
wonderful
discovery
is
of
great
importance
to
society.
→The
scientist’s
wonderful
discovery
is
very
important
to
society.?
完成句子
(3)这本词典对我的英语学习帮助很大。
The
dictionary
is
of
great/much
help
to
my
English
study.?
(4)这些硬币大小一样,但颜色不同。
These
coins
are
of
the
same
size
but
of
different
colours .?
5.【教材原文】Written
Chinese
has
also
become
an
important
means
by
which
China’s
present
is
connected
with
its
past.(Page
62)
考点
means
n.方式;方法;途径;手段(单复数同形)
by
means
of
依靠;借助;通过
by
all
means
务必;一定;当然
by
no
means
决不;一点也不(用于句首,句子主语和谓语部分用不完全倒装语序)
语境领悟
(1)WeChat
is
a
means
of
communication.
微信是一种通讯方式。
(2)We
can
succeed
by
means
of
hard
work.
通过努力工作我们能成功。
(3)—Could
you
help
me
with
my
maths?
—By
all
means.
——你能帮我学习数学吗?
——当然可以了。
(4)He
by
no
means
gave
up
his
plan.
=By
no
means
did
he
give
up
his
plan.
他绝不会放弃他的计划。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Thoughts
are
expressed
by
means
of
words.?
(2)All
means (means)
have
been
tried.?
单句改错
(3)By
no
means
we
will
give
in
to
the
enemy.
we
will
→will
we ?
(4)Every
possible
means
have
been
used
to
prevent
air
pollution.
have→has ?
6.【教材原文】The
high
regard
for
the
Chinese
writing
system
can
be
seen
in
the
development
of
Chinese
characters
as
an
art
form,known
as
Chinese
calligraphy,which
has
become
an
important
part
of
Chinese
culture.(Page
62)
考点
regard
n.尊重;关注(用复数表示问候;致意)
vt.把……视为;看待
regard...as...
把……看作;认为……是
with/in
regard
to
sth关于某事
语境领悟
(1)The
villagers
hold
him
in
high
regard.
村民们都很尊敬他。
(2)Please
give
my
regards
to
your
family.
请代我向你家人问好。
(3)Never
regard
study
as
a
burden.
绝对不要把学习视为一种负担。
(4)With/In
regard
to
his
suggestions,we’ll
discuss
them
fully.
关于他的建议,我们将充分讨论。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The
young
man
who
saved
the
boy
in
danger
was
regarded
as
a
hero.?
(2)Please
send
my
best
regards (regard)
to
your
parents.
完成句子
(3)关于你的问题,我将随后谈论。
I’ll
talk
about
it
later
with/in
regard
to
your
question.?
(4)她对她的老师非常敬重。
She
had
high
regard
for
her
teachers.?
7.【教材原文】As
China
plays
a
greater
role
in
global
affairs,an
increasing
number
of
international
students
are
beginning
to
appreciate
China’s
culture
and
history
through
this
amazing
language.(Page
62)
考点一
affair
n.公共事务;事件;关系
辨析:affair,matter,event,business
affair可用于描述严肃认真的公共或政治事务,也可描述与个人生活密切相关的小事;
matter通常指客观存在的或有待处理的问题;
event通常指“重要事件,大事,赛事”;
business一般指公事、正事或商业事务。
语境领悟
(1)Foreign
affairs
are
of
great
importance
to
a
country.
外交事务对一个国家极其重要。
(2)A
few
matters
need
to
be
dealt
with
at
our
class
meeting.
班会上我们需要处理几件事情。
(3)Can
you
remember
the
events
which
happened
last
year?
你能记起发生在去年的大事吗?
(4)It’s
none
of
your
business.
这不关你的事。
考点二
appreciate
vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
appreciate
sb’s/one’s
doing
sth
感激/感谢某人做某事
I
would
appreciate
it
if...
假如……我将不胜感激。
语境领悟
(1)Most
of
her
students
appreciate
her
because
her
teaching
is
so
well
organised
and
clear.
大多数学生都很欣赏她,因为她的课非常有条理,非常清晰。
(2)I’d
appreciate
it
if
you
could
turn
the
radio
down.
如果你能把收音机音量调小的话,我将不胜感激。
学以致用
用affair,matter,event,business的适当形式填空
(1)According
to
the
timetable,the
track
and
field
events
will
take
place
this
afternoon.?
(2)I
didn’t
see
Mr
Li,for
he
had
left
for
Paris
on
business .
(3)Although
we’re
good
friends,I
don’t
know
much
about
her
private
affairs .?
(4)Tom,I
have
a
serious
matter
to
talk
about
with
you.
单句语法填空
(5)I
really
appreciate
your
giving (give)
me
so
much
help.?
(6)I’d
appreciate
it
if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
will
come.?
(7)I
wish
to
express
my
appreciation (appreciate)
for
your
kindness.?
句型剖析
1.【教材原文】Over
the
years,the
system
developed
into
different
forms,as
it
was
a
time
when
people
were
divided
geographically,leading
to
many
varieties
of
dialects
and
characters.(Page
62)
句法分析
句中as引导的是原因状语从句,修饰主句the
system
developed
into
different
forms;as引导的从句中含有一个由关系副词when引导的定语从句修饰先行词a
time。This/That/It/There
was
a
time
when...“曾经有一段时间”,为固定句式;leading
to...动词-ing形式短语做状语,表示自然而然的结果。
语境领悟
(1)There
was
a
time
when
girls
couldn’t
go
to
school.
曾几何时,女孩不能上学。
(2)It
was
a
time
when
he
was
crazy
about
outdoor
activities.
曾经有一段时间,他痴迷户外活动。
(3)The
worst
tornado
of
all
time
occurred
in
1925,affecting
three
US
states.
有史以来最严重的一场龙卷风发生在1925年,影响了美国的三个州。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)There
was
a
time
when
I
was
getting
along
well
with
my
classmates.?
(2)An
earthquake
hit
that
city, causing (cause)
great
damage.?
完成句子
(3)那段时间他很失望。
It
was
a
time
when
he
was
disappointed.
2.【教材原文】Even
today,no
matter
where
Chinese
people
live
or
what
dialect
they
speak,they
can
all
still
communicate
in
writing.(Page
62)
句法分析
“no
matter+特殊疑问词what,which,where,when,how”
引导的是让步状语从句,也可以用“特殊疑问词+ever”表示“无论,不管”;however后要紧跟形容词或副词。
语境领悟
(1)Whatever(=No
matter
what)
others
say,he
wouldn’t
give
up.
无论别人说什么,他将不会放弃。
(2)Wherever(=No
matter
where)
she
goes,her
dog
follows
her.
不管她去哪里,她的狗都在后面跟着她。
(3)Your
mother
will
wait
for
you
however(=no
matter
how)
late
it
is.
不管多晚你妈妈都会等着你。
学以致用
句型转换
(1)Whoever
he
is,he
should
not
waste
so
much
water
and
food.
→ No matter who
he is ,
he
should
not
waste
so
much
water
and
food.?
(2)However
boring
the
speech
is,you
mustn’t
fall
asleep.
→ No
matter
how
boring
the
speech
is,you
mustn’t
fall
asleep.?
单句改错
(3)Whatever
hard
the
task
was,we
would
finish
it
on
time.
Whatever→However ?(共28张PPT)
Section
Ⅰ
Listening
and
Speaking
词汇认知
汉译英
1. billion
n.十亿?
2. native
adj.出生地的;本地的,土著的?n.本地人
3. attitude
n.态度;看法?
4. refer
to
指的是;描述;提到;查阅?
5. neither...nor...
既不……也不……?
词汇拓展
6.refer
vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于
→ reference
n.指称关系,参考?
7.pronounce
vt.发音;发声→ pronunciation
n.发音?
8.advertisement
n.广告→ advertise
vt.做广告?
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】How
many
billion
people
speak
the
UN’s
official
languages
as
their
native
or
second
language?(Page
60)
考点一
billion
n.十亿
two
billion
20亿(若billion前有a,one,two,three,several等词时,billion后面不加s)
billions
of
数十亿(若billion前面没有表示数目或数量的词时,可用billions
of...)
语境领悟
(1)They
spend
more
than
three
billion
pounds
on
toys
every
year.
他们每年花在玩具上的钱超过30亿英镑。
(2)If
more
people
choose
the
cycle,billions
of
dollars
will
be
saved
every
year.
如果更多的人选择骑自行车,每年将节约数十亿美元。
考点二
native
adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 n.本地人
be
native
to
原产于
语境领悟
(1)It
was
his
first
visit
to
his
native
country
since
1948.
这是自1948年以来他首次回到自己的祖国。
(2)The
young
man
is
a
native
of
Beijing.
这个年轻人是北京本地人。
(3)Pandas
are
native
to
China.
熊猫原产于中国。
学以致用
单句改错
(1)Worldwide
sales
have
reached
5
billions.
billions→billion ?
(2)The
kind
of
tiger
is
native
for
India.
for→to ?
完成句子
(3)他们已花费了几十亿元解决这个问题。
They’ve
spent
billions
of
yuan
on
the
problem .?
(4)我们的母语是汉语。
Our
native
language
is
Chinese.?
2.【教材原文】What
is
the
attitude
of
the
speaker
towards
foreign
language
learning?(Page
60)
考点
attitude
n.态度;看法
an/the
attitude
to/towards...对……的态度或看法
语境领悟
(1)We
should
have
a
positive
attitude
to
life.
我们应该保持积极的生活态度。
(2)Do
you
know
his
attitude
to/towards
the
question?
你知道他对这个问题的态度吗?
学以致用
完成句子
(1)你若想通过考试,就应该改变你的态度。
If
you
want
to
pass
the
exam,you’re
supposed
to
change
your
attitude .?
(2)她对待工作的态度相当认真。
Her
attitude
to/towards
her
job
is
serious.?
3.【教材原文】Pronouns
(it,they,she,etc.)
refer
to
something
or
somebody
mentioned
earlier.(Page
60)
考点
refer
to指的是;描述;提到;查阅
refer
to...as...把……当作……
refer...to...把……送交给……
reference
n.指称关系;参考;参考书目;提及;介绍人
make
reference
to
提到
with/in
reference
to
关于
语境领悟
(1)I
won’t
refer
to
that
matter,I
promise.
我承诺不提这件事了。
(2)Please
refer
to
the
last
page
of
the
book
for
answers.
请查阅这本书的最后一页寻找答案。
(3)The
Chinese
refer
to
their
language
as
Han.
中国人把他们的语言称为汉语。
(4)Your
complaint
was
referred
to
the
factory.
你的投诉被移交给了厂家。
(5)With/In
reference
to
your
problem,I’ll
explain
it
later.
关于你的问题,我将随后解释。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)There
is
a
list
of
reference (refer)
books
on
the
shelf.
(2)The
man
referred (refer)
to
at
the
meeting
is
Professor
Li.?
(3)She
always
referred
to
Peter
as
“that
kind
man”.?
(4) In/With
reference
to
your
question
about
cost,the
tickets
for
the
film
are
35
yuan
each.?
句型剖析
1.【教材原文】Pronouns
(it,they,she,etc.)
refer
to
something
or
somebody
mentioned
earlier.(Page
60)
句法分析
句中的mentioned
earlier是过去分词短语做定语修饰something
or
somebody,表示被动关系。单个过去分词做定语通常放在修饰词前面,过去分词短语做定语常放在修饰词后面。
语境领悟
(1)The
given
question
is
easy
to
deal
with.
给定的问题不难处理。
(2)
I
like
to
read
books
written
by
Mo
Yan.
我喜欢读莫言写的书。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Is
there
anything
broken (break)??
(2)Most
of
the
artists
invited (invite)
to
the
party
were
young.?
单句改错
(3)People
developed
a
kind
of
paper
making
from
a
plant.
making→made ?
(4)The
polluting
air
is
bad
for
our
health.
polluting→polluted ?
2.【教材原文】Sweetmeats
are
candies
while
sweetbreads,
which
aren’t
sweet,
are
meat.(Page
61)
句法分析
while连接的是并列句,意思是“然而”,强调两种情况的对照;
which引导的是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词sweetbreads。while
作为连词,还可以引导时间状语从句,意思是“当……的时候”。
语境领悟
(1)He
likes
painting
while
his
twin
brother
is
fond
of
singing.
他喜欢画画,然而他的双胞胎弟弟喜欢唱歌。
(2)My
father
bought
me
ten
books,
which
cost
him
100
yuan.
我爸爸给我买了十本书,花了他100
元钱。
(3)Mary
made
coffee
while
her
guests
were
finishing
their
meal.
客人就要吃完饭的时候,玛丽煮了咖啡。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)她出去了,而我留在家里。
She
went
out
while
I stayed
at home .
(2)当别人在工作时,请不要大声讲话。
Please
don’t
talk
loudly
while
others were
working
.
(3)北京,中国的首都,有许多名胜古迹。
Beijing, which
is
the
capital
of
China ,
has
many
great
places
of
interest.?
发音提示
英国英语和美国英语在发音上的区别
英国在北美地区曾先后建立了13个殖民地,同时英国殖民者也把英语带到了美洲。因此,美国英语是英国英语的一种区域语言变体,起源于17~18世纪的英国英语。诺亚·韦伯斯特(Noah
Webster)首创“American
English”,并于1828年出版了《美国英语词典》(American
Dictionary
of
English
Language),从而开启了韦氏词典的历史。正是他首创“American
English”,进而开启了美式英语的历史。
1.典型字母及字母组合的发音
BrE
AmE
o
[?]
[ɑ?]
hostile
hot
not
i
[I]
[?]
direct
ability
ei
[aI]
[i?]
either
neither
sch
[?]
[sk]
schedule
2.字母r出现在元音后→美音卷舌
BrE AmE
worker
[?w??k?(r)]
[?w??rk?(r)]
air
[e?(r)]
[er]
effort
[?ef?t]
[?ef?rt]
3.重音
英国英语习惯把单词的主重音放在诸音节靠后的音节上,而美国英语则把主重音放在前面的音节上。尤其是以-ary,-ory结尾的单词。
BrE AmE
la?boratory
?laboratory
dic?tate
?dictate
?ciga?rette
?cigarette
4.英国英语中的[j]音在美国英语中逐渐失去发音
BrE
AmE
suit
[sju?t]
[su?t]
tube
[tju?b]
[tu?b]
5.多音节词的读音
英国英语对某些单词中的音割弃处理,而美国英语的发音则较为清晰地展现出来。
BrE AmE
dormitory
[?d??m?tri]
[?d??rm?t??ri]
secretary
[?sekr?tri]
[?sekr?teri]
语境领悟
朗读下列单词,感悟英美发音的不同。(共29张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Listening
and
Talking
&
Reading
for
Writing
词汇认知
汉译英
1. gas/petrol
n.汽油;气体;燃气?
2. subway/underground
n.地铁?
3. apartment
n.公寓套房?
4. pants
n.(pl.)内裤;短裤;裤子?
5. gap
n.间隔;开口;差距?
6. vocabulary
n.词汇?
7. relate
to
与……相关;涉及;谈到?
词汇拓展
8.equal
n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的
→ equally
adv.同等地
→ equality
n.平等?
9.demand
n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
→ demanding
adj.苛求的;要求极严的?
10.description
n.描写(文字);形容
→ describe
v.描述;描写?
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】Hey,everybody,what
are
your
biggest
problems
with
learning
English?(Page
66)
考点
...problems
with...在某方面有问题
语境领悟
(1)Now
few
people
have
problems
with
reading
or
writing.
现在很少有人在读或写方面有问题。
(2)She
has
trouble
in
understanding
the
expressions
on
people’s
faces.
她在理解人的面部表情上有障碍。
(3)The
less
educated
may
have
difficulty
(in)
finding
work.
教育水平低的人可能找工作有困难。
(4)The
little
boy
has
a
hard
time
(in)
paying
attention
in
class.
在课堂上,这个小男孩很难集中注意力。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)If
you
have
problems
with
your
English,make
sure
to
do
more
practice.?
(2)When
he
came
to
the
new
city,he
had
a
hard
time
getting (get)
used
to
the
life
there.?
完成句子
(3)这个组织的问题是没有足够的资金。
The
problem
with
the
organisation
is
that
there
is
no
enough
money.?
(4)我毫不费力地找到了你家。
I
had
no
difficulty
in
finding
your
home.
2.【教材原文】Would
you
mind
opening
the
window,
please?(Page
66)
考点
mind
(sb/sb’s)
doing
sth
介意(某人)做某事
Would
you
mind...?用来委婉地提出请求,意为“请你……好吗?”或“你介意……吗?”。如果表示“不介意”,常用No,not
at
all./Certainly
not./Of
course
not./Not
in
the
least.等;如果表示介意,常用I’m
sorry
but.../I’m
afraid.../I’d
rather
not.等回答。
语境领悟
(1)Would
you
mind
my
using
your
bike?
你介意我用一下你的自行车吗?
(2)Would
you
mind
if
I
sat
here?
你介意我坐在这儿吗?
学以致用
句型转换
(1)Would
you
mind
if
I
opened
the
window?
→Would
you
mind
me/my
opening
the
window??
→Do
you
mind
if
I
open
the
window??
单句改错
(2)Would
you
mind
if
we
smoke
here?
smoke→smoked ?
(3)—Would
you
mind
me
keeping
a
pet
here?
—Yes,I
think
you’d
better
not.
Yes→No ?
3.【教材原文】...our
relationship
is
close
and
we’re
equals...(Page
66)
考点
equal
n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的;平等的 vt.等于;比得上
be
equal
to
sth/doing
sth
和……相等/能胜任某事
equal
sb
in
sth
在某方面与某人匹敌
be
equal
with
sb和某人平等
语境领悟
(1)He
is
equal
to
the
work.
他胜任这项工作。
(2)No
one
can
equal
him
in
strength.
没人能比得上他力气大。
(3)Women
are
equal
with
men
in
China.
在中国男女平等。
(4)The
film
has
no
equal
in
cinema
history.
那部电影在电影史上无与伦比。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)这租金相当于他半个月的收入。
The
rent
is
equal
to
half
his
monthly
income.?
(2)男孩和女孩相互平等。
Boys
and
girls
are
equal
with
each
other.?
单句语法填空
(3)They
are
equally (equal)
important.?
(4)Three
times
three
equals (equal)
nine.?
(5)We
call
for
equality (equal)
between
human
rights.?
4.【教材原文】...I
must
make
my
request
longer—and
I
must
make
it
a
question,not
a
demand...(Page
66)
考点
demand
n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要
vi.查问
in
(great)
demand
有很大需求
satisfy/meet
one’s
demand
满足某人的需要
demand
to
do
sth
要求做某事
demand
that...(should)
do
sth
要求……
demand
sth
需要某物
demanding
adj.
要求高的;费力的
语境领悟
(1)Healthy
care
professionals
are
in
great
demand.
健康护理专业人员需求量很大。
(2)The
shopkeepers
tried
to
do
what
they
could
to
meet
the
customers’
demand.
店主尽其所能满足顾客的需要。
(3)The
public
demanded
to
know
the
truth.
公众要求了解真相。
(4)They
demanded
that
they
should
be
treated
equally.
他们要求得到平等对待。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The
manager
demanded
that
all
the
task
(should)
be
finished (finish)
before
Friday.?
(2)Good
teachers
are
in
demand
badly
in
the
countryside.?
(3)The
workers
demanded
to
be
told (tell)
what
had
happened
to
the
factory.?
(4)Looking
after
babies
is
a
demanding (demand)
job.?
5.【教材原文】Does
each
sentence
relate
to
the
main
idea?
(Page
67)
考点
relate
vt.联系;讲述
relate
to
与……相关;涉及;谈到
relation
n.关系
related
adj.有关的
(be)
related
to
与……有关
relate...to/with...把……与……联系起来
语境领悟
(1)The
passenger
related
how
the
accident
happened.
这个乘客讲述了事故发生的经过。
(2)Some
people
only
care
about
what
relates
to
themselves.
有些人只关心与自己有关的事。
(3)Lung
cancer
is
related
to
smoking.
肺癌与吸烟有关。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)疲劳和司机的反应时间有相关。
Tiredness
is
related
to
a
driver’s
response
time.?
(2)很容易把这些结果和原因联系起来。
It’s
easy
to
relate
these
results
to/with
the
cause.?
单句语法填空
(3)I
have
a
lot
to
say
in
relation (relate)
to
that
affair.?
(4)The
plan
related (relate)
to
the
project
is
under
discussion.?
句型剖析
【教材原文】But
if
I’m
talking
to
someone
who
isn’t
very
close
to
me,I
must
make
my
request
longer—and
I
must
make
it
a
question,not
a
demand,e.g.,“Could
you
open
the
window,please?”(Page
66)
句法分析
if引导的条件状语从句修饰主句I
must...and
I
must...,and连接两个并列分句,who引导的定语从句修饰先行词someone。that和which也常引导定语从句。
语境领悟
(1)The
man
who
spoke
to
me
is
a
writer.
和我说话的那个人是一位作家。
(2)This
is
the
book
which/that
he
bought
for
me
as
my
birthday
gift.
这就是他作为生日礼物买给我的书。
(3)If
you
lend
the
book
which
you
bought
last
week,I’ll
teach
you
English
in
return.
如果你能把你上周买的书借给我看看,我将教你学英语作为回报。
(4)He
will
believe
everything
that
you
tell
him
if
you
communicate
with
him
heart
to
heart.
如果你和他促膝谈心,他会相信你告诉他的一切。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The
professor
who/that
taught
us
chemistry
is
respected
by
us
all.?
(2)The
hospital
that/which
the
government
built
has
been
modernised.?
(3)I
still
remember
everything
that
happened
during
the
time, when
I
was
studying
in
a
key
university.?
单句改错
(4)They
will
give
you
a
ride
if
it
won’t
snow.
won’t→doesn’t ?
(5)Anybody
whom
wants
to
sign
up
for
the
match,sign
your
name
here.
whom→who ?(共10张PPT)
Section
Ⅴ Assessing
Your
Progress
&
Video
Time
单元小结
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.refer
vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查阅;叫……求助于
→ reference
n.参考(书)?
2.symbol
n.符号;象征→ symbolise
vt.象征?
3.variety
n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
→ various
adj.多样的;各种各样的?
4.global
adj.全球的;全世界的→ globe
n.球状物;地球仪?
5.appreciate
vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
→ appreciation
n.欣赏;感激?
6.equal
n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的
→ equally
adv.相同地;同样地
→ equality
n.平等?
7.demand
n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
→ demanding
adj.要求高的;费力的?
8.description
n.描写(文字);形容
→ describe
vt.描写;描述?
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.attitude
to/towards
对……的态度或看法?
2.refer
to
指的是;描述;提到;查阅?
3. ups
and
downs
浮沉;兴衰;荣辱?
4.date
back
(to...)追溯到?
5.by
means
of
通过……方式/手段?
6.regard...
as
把……看作/当作?
7.be
equal
to
等于;胜任?
8. in
(great)
demand
非常需要?
9.relate
to
与……相关;涉及;谈到?
10.point
of
view
观点;看法?
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.no
matter
where,who,what,etc.引导的让步状语从句
Even
today, no
matter
where
Chinese
people
live
or
what
dialect
they
speak,they
can
all
still
communicate
in
writing.?
即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
2.as引导的时间状语从句
As
China
plays
a greater role in
global
affairs,an
increasing
number
of
international
students
are
beginning
to
appreciate
China’s
culture
and
history
through
this
amazing
language.?
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
Ⅳ.重点语法
定语从句——关系副词
1.I’ll
never
forget
the
time
when/during
which
we
visited
the
Great
Wall.?
2.The
apartment
where/in
which
we
lived
was
very
small.
3.That’s
the
reason
why/for
which
he
left
the
company.
Ⅴ.功能意念
Asking
for
clarification
1.Do
you
mean...?你的意思是……?
2.Does
that
mean...?那意味着……吗?
3.I’m
sorry,would
you
mind
repeating...?
对不起,你介意重复……?
4.So
am
I
right
in
saying...?
那么我这样说对吗?
5.I’m
sorry.What
does...mean?
对不起。……是什么意思?
6.I
beg
your
pardon.
请你再说一遍。
7.So
what
you’re
really
saying
is...
那你真想说的是……
