2012届英语一轮精品复习导学案：Unit2《The universal language》（译林牛津版选修8）

2012届英语一轮精品复习导学案：Unit2《The universal language》（译林牛津版选修8）
一、知识复习
（一）词汇部分
1.【原句再现】Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a better setting! ( P 18 )
【知识要点】否定词+比较级的用法
【诊断练习】选择能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
( )① --- How did you feel when Zhong Man won a gold medal in the 29th Beijing Olympic Games
--- I couldn’t be ________.
A. more exciting B. more excited C. most exciting D. most excited
( )② --- It’s much better to wait until tomorrow. Don’t you agree ---- __________.
A. Yes, I couldn’t agree more B. No, I do C. Yes, I don’t D. No, it’s a good idea
( )③ The story is perfect; I have never heard ________ before.
A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one
2.【原句再现】Instead of a stage curtain, there were decorated panels covered with red and gold, …(P 18)
【知识要点】decorate/equip/furnish
【诊断练习】把下列句子翻译成英语。
①圣诞节临近了，学生们正用气球和鲜花装饰他们的教室。
______________________________________________________________________
②她的起居室里配备有一张舒适的新沙发。
______________________________________________________________________
③这家工厂装备有大量现代机器。
______________________________________________________________________
3.【原句再现】The story then takes on a classic love triangle featuring Calaf, Turandot, and Liu, whose love for Calaf is unconditional.(P 18)
【知识要点】feature的用法
【诊断练习】把下列句子翻译成汉语。
①This is a gallery that features African art.
_________________________________________________________________
②There are many maple trees in Canada and a maple leaf is featured on the Canadian flag.
_____________________________________________________________________
③The town’s main features are its beautiful mosque and ancient marketplace.
____________________________________________________________
4.【原句再现】She even dares to try and exercise control over her father, the emperor of China, who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband. …and although he would like to, he cannot break his promise. (P18)
【知识要点】dare的用法；promise的用法；省略的用法
【诊断练习】将下列短语翻译成英语。
①遵守诺言 ________________________
②答应(某人)要做________________________
③有望成功________________________
5.【原句再现】Turandot is desperate to learn his name and threatens and terrifies Liu because she knows his name. (P19)
【知识要点】desperate的用法
【诊断练习】选择能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
①--- If __________, some terrible diseases would spread in the stricken areas after terrible earthquake in Wen Chuan, Sichuan Province.
--- So people there were in ______ need of medical teams.
A. don’t controlled; short B. not controlling; little
C. not being controlled; anxious D. not controlled; desperate
② She was too desperate __________ a computer because she has a lot of things to see ________.
A. for; at B. to; for C. for; to D. about; to
6.【原句再现】Then Calaf says his own name aloud, leaving his future in Turandot’s hands.
(P 19)
【知识要点】leave的用法
【诊断练习】选择能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
①Odds and ends are things that are _____ when the main thing is produced.
A. left behind B. left aside C. left off D. left out
②She slept in the room, ________ the windows open and the door ____________.
A. letting; unclose B. making; closing C. leaving; unclosed D. finding; unclosing
③The children were left ________ of a neighbor when their parents were on holiday.
A. in charge B. in the charge C. under charge D. at charge
7.【原句再现】I applied for the job, and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus. (P 25)
【知识要点】apply的用法
【诊断练习】根据所给汉语完成下列句子（每空词数不限）。
①向学校申请奖学金 ___________the school__________ a scholarship
②毕业后，他申请了很多的工作，但还没有找到适合的。
After graduating from university, he __________ many jobs, but he has not found one which_________ him yet.
8.【原句再现】A poor white boy names Elvis Presley turned out to be the answer to Philip’s prayers. (P 31)
【知识要点】含有turn的词块
【诊断练习】选择能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
①We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite _________as planned.
A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up
②He was disappointed to find his suggestions_________.
A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be down D. to turn down
③The dictionary is being printed and it will soon_________.
A. turn out B. come out C. start out D. go out
④With no one to ________ in such a frightening situation, she felt extremely helpless.
A. turn out B. turn on C. turn down D. turn to
9.【原句再现】 Elvis’ musical life was cut short when he was drafted into the army in 1958. (P 31)
【知识要点】含有cut的词块
【诊断练习】根据句意用适当的介词或副词填空。
①I cut the advertisement _______ of the newspaper.（我从报纸上剪下了这则广告。）
②His mother has to cut _______ all the food for him.
③Don't cut ______! （别插嘴！）
④He cut ______ a bunch of grapes to entertain us.
⑤If we don't sell more goods, we'll have to cut __________ production.
10.【原句再现】They continue to have almost universal appeal today, even though they broke up in 1970. (P 31)
【知识要点】含有break的词块
【诊断练习】（1）写出下列句中break up的意思。
① The plane broke up in mid-air. ____________
② Their marriage broke up just a few years later. ____________
③ He’s just broken up with his girlfriend. ____________
④ It’s time for us to break up the party and set off for home. ___________
⑤ We are to break up after the final exams. ______________
（2）根据句意用含有break词块的适当形式填空。
⑥ She told the story, _____________ now and then to wipe the tears from her eyes.
⑦ ---- What problems might children have when their parents _____________
---- They might have emotional and psychological problems.
⑧ His health _____________ under the pressure of work and he had to stay in hospital for a month.
⑨ The peace talk __________ without any agreement reached.
⑩ When they got home from their holiday, they found their house _________ and many valuable things stolen.
（二）句型部分
1.【原句再现】 Wherever the Beatles went, masses of fans would welcome them at the airport in a phenomenon that was then called “Beatlemania”, as if it were some kind of mental illness. (P 31)
【知识要点】 …ever和 no matter …的用法；as if/as though在虚拟语气中的用法
【诊断练习】（1）选择能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
①_____________ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
A. However B. Whatever C. No matter D. Although
②The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirts ________ the season.
A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however
③The employers often give the job to ________ they believe have work experience with a
strong sense of duty.
A. whoever B. those who C. who D. whomever
④________ shall be punished if he breaks the law.
A. No matter who he is B. No matter who is he C. Whoever he is D. Whoever is he
（2）根据句意用所给动词的适当形式填空。
⑤ She speaks English so fluently as if she ________ a native speaker. (be)
⑥ She speaks English so fluently as if she __________ English in America. (study)
⑦ He learns French so hard as if he __________ to France. (go)
⑧ The fat lady suddenly jumped and screamed as if ________ by a snake. (bite)
⑨ The little boy went thtough the room as if _________ something. (look for)
⑩ The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked around as if ________ whether he was in the right direction. (see)
二、词汇识记
（一）单词部分
1. 普遍的，宇宙的____________ 2. 壮丽的，辉煌的____________
3. 无条件的____________ 4. 背诵，列举_____________
5. 恐吓______________ 6. 折磨______________
7. 导演_____________ 8. 成分_____________
9. 真实的，可信的______________ 10. 特别待遇，特权_____________
11. 失业_____________ 12. 颤抖______________
13. 交响乐_____________ 14. 名声______________
15. 奴隶制度_____________ 16. 必不可少的，本质的___________
17. 衰落，下降_________ 18. 重新获得_________
19. 现象_____________ 20. 精神的，心里的_____________
（二）词块部分
1. 以…为背景____________ 2. 坠入爱河___________
3. 呈现,体现_____________ 4. 醉心于，沉溺于__________
5. 对…实施控制____________ 6. 食言________________
7. 被处死__________________ 8. 申请____________
9. 扎根于……之中______________ 10. 种族歧视____________
11. 中断，打断___________ 12. 征招……入伍_____________
13. 对……有吸引力___________ 14. 解散，解体，分手___________
15. 发财___________ 16. 渴望做某事_________________
17. 陷入衰退_______________ 18. 此后不久___________________
三、巩固练习
（一）单项填空：选择能填入题干空白处的最佳选项。（30分）
1. --- What do you think of the set of popular science books
--- It couldn’t be better! It ______ many problems we are interested in exploring.
A. covers B. consults C. measures D. writes
2. --- Are we going sightseeing sometime next month
--- No. The plan ______ at the second meeting.
A. was cancelled B. would cancel C. has cancelled D. had been cancelled
3. The ______ that the injured should be sent to the hospital without delay turned out to be wise. A. benefit B. account C. occupation D. command
4. Housing prices ______ much higher now if the government hadn’t taken measures to control housing dealing. A. were B. had been C. would be D. would have been
5. --- Which actor or actress has ______ in the most movies ever
--- The Guinness Book of World Records lists John Wayne as playing the lead in 142 movies.
A. set B. starred C. joined D. succeeded
6. The 3G cell-phone must be of great use and convenience to ______ wants to get the information through the Internet quickly.
A. who B. whichever C. whoever D. whomever
7. The problem was that he didn’t know what had hurt her and he ______ her.
A. dared not to ask B. not dared ask C. didn’t dare ask D. didn’t dare asking
8. You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t _____ as you expect.
A. run out B. break out C. work out D. put out
9. The good news, ______, is that the new findings will open up ways of research that could provide scientists with the means to save endangered animals.
A. if so B. if ever C. if any D. if not
10. The key word in the sentence has been ______, so it doesn’t make any sense to us.
A. picked up B. left out C. held up D. made out
11. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, ________ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while
12. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ______ into small pieces. A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to beak
13. The ship-building industry has been in _______ decline in ______ last two decades.
A. 不填; the B. a; the C. 不填; 不填 D. a; 不填
14. So I ______ our own government employees to put every effort into saving energy.
A. apply for B. apply to C. appeal for D. appeal to
15. He was so tired that he fell asleep and left the baby ______.
A. unattended B. unattending C. to unattend D. to be unattended
16. The speaker gave his talk in English at the conference, which sounded as if it ______ by computers.
A. should be translated B. had been translated
C. would be translated D. were translated
17. What if it ______ that life does not become any better, but much worse
A. works out B. starts out C. goes out D. turns out
18. The police arrived 20 minutes later and ______ the crowd for the sake of safety.
A. took up B. wound up C. woke up D. broke up
19. The organs that ______ the toxins（毒素）are skin, lungs, livers and so on.
A. used to remove B. are used to removing C. are used to remove
D. used to removing
20. --- I’m thirty years old. Is there anything wrong with my age
--- ______, man. In your poor Cantonese you said you’d been in Shenzhen for 80 years!
A. Go ahead B. That’s all right C. Forget it D. Sure
（二）完形填空：根据短文内容选择能填入短文空白处的最佳选项。（30分）
Teaching second grade is always a challenge. Each student arrives at school with his own needs and difficulties. One year a student called Billy __1__ me with his behavior as well as his academic requirements. He struggled daily with his __2__ emotions and often became angry or violent. I knew that, to make __3__ progress, his emotions needed controlling.
One __4__ I tried to help Billy was to have him come directly into the classroom when he arrived at school. Billy’s mom would __5__ me to alert（警告）me to a particularly emotional morning at home. Then, I would focus on __6__ his anger and calming him down before the other students arrived.
One week our class was studying __7__. I thought one way to bring learning into the classroom was to bring my dog Rocky to school for the day.
That day began as normal. I was preparing activities focused on dog themes __8__ I was told that Billy had a __9__ morning at home and I might need to get him __10__. As I was talking to his mom, Billy __11__ into the classroom. To Billy’s __12__, Rocky immediately ran up to his new __13__, wagging his tail and licking Billy’s face with doggy affection. Billy couldn’t __14__ Rocky’s charm and began laughing as his anger melted away.
Throughout the day, Billy never left Rocky’s side, feeding him, being gentle with him and even __15__ the other students while Rocky was sleeping.
Billy was known for doing anything to avoid __16__, but on this day he found a good dog story, “Clifford’s Puddy Days,” and read it to Rocky. How __17__ I was at the sight of Billy reading happily! My little dog was able to __18__ Billy’s day from one of anger and frustration to one of laughter, gentleness and __19__.
That day Rocky more than helped me with my __20__; he helped to change the life of a child! After that Billy’s behavior definitely improved.
1. A. challenged B. cheated C. benefited D. betrayed
2. A. unforgettable B. uncontrollable C. unconscious D. unfortunate
3. A. physical B. mental C. academic D. authentic
4. A. advantage B. agenda C. reason D. way
5. A. awake B. call C. visit D. sign
6. A. tolerating B. observing C. relieving D. ignoring
7. A. emotions B. pets C. botany D. diet
8. A. after B. as C. when D. before
9. A. boring B. fantastic C. busy D. rough
10. A. settled B. punished C. treated D. excited
11. A. fled B. stormed C. jogged D. floated
12. A. surprise B. delight C. shame D. fear
13. A. protector B. trainer C. friend D. owner
14. A. resist B. describe C. reduce D. forget
15. A. educating B. envying C. comforting D. quieting
16. A. exploding B. reading C. arguing D. apologizing
17. A. surprised B. disappointed C. amused D. confused
18. A. urge B. shorten C. transform D. expand
19. A. admiration B. curiosity C. anxiety D. love
20. A. family B. teaching C. housework D. performance
（三）阅读理解：根据短文内容选择能回答所提问题或完成句子的最佳选项。（20分）
It is well known that the Japanese people’s love of fish is almost as a bee’s interest in honey. As fish populations were decreasing, fishing companies were forced to fish further and further away from the shore. Then they had a big challenge ---- how to keep the fish fresh for longer. So they decided to keep the fish stored in freezers on the boats. But the public did not like frozen fish. So again the fishing companies had a new bigger challenge. What they decided to do was to have fish tanks on their boats. After catching fishes, they would put them in the tanks and keep them living there until they got back to shore. But in this protected environment, lacking predators (掠食者)，the fish stopped moving around. The Japanese public felt these dull fish did not taste fresh, which had an unpleasant effect upon sales. Once again the fishing companies had an even bigger challenge…
Stop for a minute! Before we go any further, I would like to ask “What are your challenges How do you handle an unexpected challenge ” May I think it this way that you should try to attack your challenges Conquer (战胜) them with a Swiss Army knife. Take the most proper and simple tool that you can adopt to deal with your situation.
Now back to our story. How did the Japanese finally figure out the fresh fish problem？Sharks! You might think the same. Sharks were caught and put into the tanks with other fishes. Don’t sharks eat fish Well, they do eat a few fish, but they did also keep more fish active and alert (警觉的). The fish stay fresh because they are challenged.
Now, try to keep yourself fresh by finding your own shark to offer yourself a challenge in your own business and career.
1. The main reason for the fishing company to fish in the far sea was that .
A. the fish resource near the shore was on the decrease
B. the fishes farther away from the sea tasted fresher
C. people would prefer eating fresh fishes to less fresh ones
D. it was getting harder and harder to keep fishes fresh
2. Which of the following statements is true
A. Japanese people love honey as much as a bee does.
B. The fish kept in tanks didn’t sell well because of their taste.
C. The fish stored in the protected environment tasted the best.
D. The fish kept in tanks didn’t taste fresh because they died before reaching the restaurant.
3.The underlined part of the last paragraph means “ .”
A. If you went fishing, you might do as the fishing companies did
B. Try to find a big shark, and you will meet your challenge
C. To succeed in life, you should always be ready to meet challenges
D. Sharks are usually compared to the challenges in people’s life
4. The purpose for the author to write the passage is to .
A. tell the readers “no pains, no gains”
B. tell the readers how the Japanese keep the fish fresh
C. advise readers to look for challenges to make progress
D. advise readers to find something difficult to do
（四） 单词拼写：根据所给句子及汉语注释或首字母拼写单词。（20分）
1. This is h__________ to all the people in that area because they lost everything in the terrible earthquake.
2. As far as I can see, Joe is a perfect match for your daughter. Why should you object to their m__________
3. Music is a u__________ and international language understood by all human beings.
4. Swimming in rivers in summer is a s_________ sport, but to swim in rivers in winter needs great will power.
5. At first the world-famous director intended to let the athlete s_________ in a related series.
6. It’s the endless time that is always flowing away, but the sincerest _________ （感情）between you and me will remain and last long.
7. Her step-mother is a _________ （无情的）person, who does not really care about her situation.
8. Parents always offer _________ （无条件的）love and help their children realize their dreams.
9. It’s _________ （绝对必要的）that effective measures should be taken to protect the environment.
10.First we need to identify actual and __________ （潜在的）problems.
一、知识复习
（一）词汇部分
1.【参考答案】①B ② A ③ C
【点拨拓展】否定词no/not/nothing/never等与比较级连用，往往表达最高级含义。如：Nothing in the world is more valuable than those books. = Those books are the most valuable in the world.
2.【参考答案】①Christmas is approaching/drawing near; the students are decorating their classrooms with balloons and flowers.
②Her living-room is furnished with a comfortable new sofa.
③This factory is equipped with a number of modern machines.
【点拨拓展】decorate…with…用（装饰物）装饰、修饰…… decoration n.装饰；装饰物
furnish…with…为（房间或房屋）配备（家具） furniture n.（不可数）家具
equip…with…用（仪器、设备等）装备（工厂、车间等） equipment n.（不可数）设备
3.【参考答案】①这是一个突出介绍非洲艺术的艺术馆。
②加拿大境内有很多枫树，而枫叶就是作为一种象征出现在加拿大国旗上。
③这个小镇的主要特点是它漂亮的清真寺和古老的集市。
【点拨拓展】vt.以……为特色，是……的特征；由（某人）主演 n.特色，特征，特点
例如：Rice features prominently in most Chinese meals. 大米在中国人的饮食上起着显著的作用。
4.【参考答案】①keep one’s promise ②promise (sb.)to do sth ③ promise to succeed
【点拨拓展】（1）n. 食言， 收回承诺break one’s promise 许诺 make a promise
（2）v. 答应给某人… promise sb sth= promise sth to sb
（3）v. 有希望，有指望
（4）adj. promising 有前途的，有希望的
5.【参考答案】①D ②C
【点拨拓展】在句中desperate 是形容词，意为“不顾一切的；绝望的；十分……”。
常见搭配：be desperate for sth/ to do sth 十分想要、想做某事。
6.【参考答案】①D ②C ③B
【点拨拓展】 leave 在此句中的意思是“使保持某状态”。通常用于复合结构中：
leave+ 宾语＋宾语补足语 （adj./ adv./ n./ v-ing/ v-ed）
例如：让我单独呆一会！ Leave me alone!
7.【参考答案】①apply to…for ②applied for; applies to
【点拨拓展】（1）主要词性：apply v. → application n. 申请；应用 → applicant n. 申请者→ applied adj. 应用的
（2）常见搭配：apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请……；apply sth (to sth.) 应用某物于……；apply sth to sth. 将某物涂在……上；apply oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于，专心于；apply to sb. 适用，适宜
8.【参考答案】①B ②B ③B ④D
【点拨拓展】（1）短语turn out意为“结果是……，证明是……”。常见搭配有：turn out (to be) + n./adj.；It turns out / turned out that-。例如：The party turned out (to be) a success. / It turned out that the party was a success.（结果证明晚会很成功。）turn out还有其它意思：关上（电灯等）；生产，制造。
（2）和turn有关的其他词块：turn against转而反对，使与…为敌；turn back折回，掉转头turn away转身，走开，打发走turn down 拒绝，调小；turn off 关掉，不喜欢；turn over打翻，仔细思量，翻耕，移交 turn in 上交（作业等）；拐入turn into变成，翻译turn on打开；turn to求助于，翻到 turn up调大，出现。
9.【参考答案】①out ②up ③in ④off ⑤back (on)
【点拨拓展】cut in 插嘴，突然插入；cut down砍倒，缩短，删减，消耗；cut up切碎，使痛心；cut off切断，与外界隔绝；cut out剪裁出，切掉。
10. 【参考答案】①解体，破裂 ②（关系）破裂 ③与……断绝关系 ④终止，结束 ⑤（学校）放假 ⑥breaking off ⑦break up ⑧broke down ⑨broke down ⑩broken into
【点拨拓展】break down出故障，抛锚，崩溃；break into突然闯入；break out（战争，火灾等）发生，爆发；break through突破；break away (from)逃跑，突然离开，脱离；break off 断绝，折断，中断。
（二）句型部分
１.【参考答案】（1）①A ②A ③B ④C （2）⑤were ⑥had studied ⑦would go ⑧bitten ⑨looking for ⑩to see
【点拨拓展】
（1）wherever, whenever, however 只可引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter where, no matter when, no matter how。
whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，相当于 no matter what, no matter who, no matter whom, no matter which。例如：No matter what/Whatever you like, you can take it away. You can take away whatever you like.
（2）as if/ as though用在虚拟语气中：
① 如果as if引导的从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所表达的动作同时发生，as if引导的从句谓语动词用过去式。如：He looks as if he were an artist.
② 如果as if引导的从句谓语动所表达的动作先于主句谓语动词所表达的动作，as if引导的从句谓语动词用过去完成式。如：He talked about the newly-released film as if he had seen it already.
③如果as if引导的从句谓语动所表达的动作后于主句谓语动词所表达的动作，as if引导的从句谓语动词用过去将来时。
二、词汇识记
（一）单词部分
1. universal 2. splendid 3. unconditional 4. recite 5. terrify 6. torture 7. director
8. component 9. authentic 10. privilege 11. unemployment 12. tremble 13. symphony
14. fame 15. slavery 16. essential 17. decline 18. regain 19. phenomenon 20. mental
（二）词块部分
1. be set in 2. fall in love 3. take on 4. be drunk with 5. exercise control over
6. break one’s promise 7. be condemned to death 8. apply for 9. be anchored in
10. racial discrimination 11. cut short 12. be drafted into 13. appeal to
14. break up/split up 15. make a fortune 16. be desperate to do sth./for sth.
17. go/fall into a decline 18. shortly afterwards
三、巩固练习
（一）1-5AADCB 6-10CCCCB 11-15CDADA 16-20BDDCC
（二）1-5ABCDB 6-10CBCDA 11-15BACAD 16-20BACDB
（三）1-4ABCC
（四）1. heartbreaking 2. marriage 3. universal 4. splendid 5. star
6. affection 7. cold-hearted 8. unconditional 9. essential 10. potential