2012届英语一轮精品复习导学案：Unit2《Language》（译林牛津版必修3）

2012届英语一轮精品复习导学案：Unit2《Language》（译林牛津版必修3）
一、知识复习
（一）词汇部分
1.【原句再现】The language they created is what we now called Old English .(P22)
【知识要点】create/invent/make/produce/discover
【诊断练习】用create/invent/make/produce/ discover的适当形式填空。
①It was Edison who ________ the electric light lamp.
②A hundred pence ________ one pound.
③Female sheep ________ one or two lambs at a time.
④Shakespeare ________ many comic characters and made his characters alive.
⑤Who first ________ America
2.【原句再现】This is because many pairs of words and phrases have similar meanings in English, for example, pick up and lift up. (P22)
【知识要点】pick up的用法
【诊断练习】给出划线部分的汉语意思。
①I bought a radio to pick up English programs.
②Please pick up all these pieces of paper in the room.
③Where did you pick up this lovely vase at such a low price
④My son picked up some French while he was staying in Paris.
⑤At the second corner the bus stopped to pick up three people.
⑥To our joy, our business is gradually picking up.
3.【原句再现】Many factors contributed to the development of this new type of English.(P22)
【知识要点】contribute to的用法
【诊断练习】给出划线部分的汉语意思。
①Poor food contributes to her illness.
②How much did you contribute to the Red Cross
③The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions to the world civilization.
④This professor has contributed many articles to magazines and newspapers.
4.【原句再现】By the later half of the 14th century, English was adopted by all classes in England.(P23)
【知识要点】adopt与adapt的用法辨别
【诊断练习】用adopt, adapt的适当形式填空。
①Many people want to ________ homeless children from Sichuan.
②She had to ________ herself to local conditions.
③This play has been well ________ from the original.
④After careful discussion, they finally ________ my suggestion.
5.【原句再现】After the Normans took control this was replaced by the French way of making plurals: adding an s, for example, house/houses and shoe/shoes.(P23)
【知识要点】replace的用法
【诊断练习】用replace的适当形式填空。
①The old white-black TV has been ________ with the new color TV in the last ten years.
②When you have finished the book, please ________ it on the shelf.
③We need a ________ for the secretary who left.
6.【原句再现】At this point, many English people worked as servants who raised animals and cooked for the Normans.(P23)
【知识要点】raise与rise的用法辨别
【诊断练习】用raise, rise的适当形式填空。
①He ________ and left the room.
②It’s difficult to ________ a family with a small income.
③The price of oil has been ________ .
④There will be a ________ in unemployment next year.
7.【原句再现】Today, the spread of ‘borrowed words’ is due to easily accessed television and radio programs from across the world, and the Internet.(P29)
【知识要点】spread/ expand/ extend/ stretch
【诊断练习】用spread, expand, extend, stretch的适当形式填空。
①Metals ________ when they are heated and contract when cooled.
②The road being built will ________ to the port.
③Flies, mosquitoes and mice ________ diseases.
④Actually, a gentleman should wait for the lady to ________ out her hand first.
8.【原句再现】The English language is made up of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.(P22)
The language consisted of an Anglo-Saxon base plus words from the languages of Denmark and Norway. (P22)
【知识要点】consist of和be made up of 的用法辨别
【诊断练习】选出能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
He was absent for weeks, so he had a lot of homework to_______.
A . make out B. make up C. make of D. make over
As the national exam is approaching, what we need now is a mixture ______ basic knowledge and courage.
A. making of B. making up of C. consisting D. consisting of
③ The whole book he wrote _______ three parts. It’s mainly about Ming Dynasty.
A. consists in B. makes up C. consists of D. is consisted of
9.【原句再现】There are many different dialects of English depending on where people live.(P25)
【知识要点】depend on的用法
10.【原句再现】I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me.(P28)
【知识要点】promise的用法
11.【原句再现】The Chinese language differs from many Western languages in that it uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as words.(P38)
【知识要点】differ的用法
12.【原句再现】In 1066, the Normans conquered England and took control of the country.(P22)
【知识要点】含有control的词块
（二）句型部分
1.【原句再现】However, the Norman Conquest did not have the same result that the Germanic invasion had had about 600 years earlier.(P22-23)
【知识要点】the same... that引导的定语从句
【诊断练习】选出能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
①Tom did not take away the camera from the Lost and Found because it was not the same camera _______ he lost last week.
A.as B.that C.which D.whose
②He went back to the same place ____he had found the ring.
A.where B.as C.which D.that
2.【原句再现】Despite this fact, French still had an impact on the English language.(P23)
【知识要点】despite引导的让步状语
【诊断练习】选出能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
①_______ high price, demand for this new type of family cars is still very high.
A.Thanks to B.Because of C.In case of D.Despite
②_______ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they can’t be solved.
A. As B. When C. While D. Despite
③_______ scientists know where a storm will happen, winds will suddenly change, carrying the
storm to a new direction.
A. Even if B. Since C. Despite D. Unless
3.【原句再现】I understand now, but the question is what if I still cannot understand the meanings.(P28)
【知识要点】What if…
【诊断练习】将下列句子译为英语。
如果他不同意该怎么办呢？
②要是我把这幅画移到那儿怎么样？
③如果这是真的又该如何呢？
二、词汇识记
（一）单词部分
1.最后，最终，终于__________ 2.官方的，正式的__________
3.接近，使用；接近的机会，享用权 _________ 4.简化_________
5.标准；标准的__________ 6.反映；反射__________
7.贯穿；遍及____________________ 8.（汉）字；（书写或印刷）符号__________
9.相反的事物，相对立的事物__________ 10. 场合，机会__________
11.最初，原先，起先______________ 12. 代表__________
13.词汇____________ 14.显示，表示；象征，暗示__________
15.近代的，当代的；现代化的__________ 16.发音，语音（n.）__________
17.欧洲（人）的；欧洲人__________ 18. 符号；象征_________
（二）词块部分
1.作为整体，总体上 __________ a __________ 2.母语，本国语__________ __________
3.(使)变成__________ __________ 4. 拿起，举起__________ up
5.关注(心)；在意，担心__________ __________ 6.（在字典或参考书中）查找look __________
7.对……有巨大的影响have an __________ on 8.考虑__________...into __________
9. 把……和……结合起来__________... __________ 10.代表__________ __________
11.与……谈话 have a __________ __________ 12.分类，整理__________ out
13.为……制定标准__________ a standard __________ 14. 起……作用，充当__________ as
15.从一边到另一边__________ __________ __________ __________
16.言归正传；进入正题get __________ __________ __________
三、巩固练习
（一）单项填空：选择能填入题干空白处的最佳选项。（20分）
( )1. As he reached _____front door, Jack saw ______strange sight. （11全国II）
A. the;不填 B. a; the C.不填a D. the; a
( )2.For professional athletes,to _____ the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.
A.access B.attachment C.appeal D.approach
( )3.The clear sky _____ fine weather. Let's go swimming.
A. promises B. wants C. expects D. allows
( )4.Many difficulties have _____ as a result of the changeover to a new type of fuel.
A.risen B.raised C.around D.arisen
( )5.The news of Chinese great scientist Qian Xuesen's death _____ like wildfire.
A.extended B.spread C.stretched D.developed
( )6.Thoughts of westerners differ much _____ Oriental(东方人)in a number of ways.
A.between B.between those
C.from D.from those of
( )7.World Expo 2010 Shanghai China, a grand scale global event, has _____ the significant theme “Better City, Better Life”.
A.abandoned B. adopted C. advocated D..adapted
( )8.Six players can _____ a volleyball team while a football team _____ eleven players.
A.make up；consists of B.be made up of；is consisted of
C.consist of；is made up D.make up of；consists of
( )9.Another training centre on computer will be _____ in the town.
A.sent up　　　　　B.put up C.set up D.put on
( )10.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
( )11. _____ turned out twenty passengers had been killed in the accidents.
A.That B.Which C.It D.What
( )12. ---I don't think it's good to hang the drawing here.
---_____ I move it over there？Do you think it'll look better？
A.What about B.What if C.How about D.What with
( )13. It is a rule that the students are banned _____ computer games in our school.
A.to play B.from playing C.of playing D.on playing
( )14.We should take medicine according to the _____ on the bottle.
A.differences B.choices C.directions D.connections
( )15. Even some of the casual garments we wear have brand names _____ them which turn us _____ walking advertisements.
A.attached to; into B.attaching to; to C.appealed to; into D.contributed to; to
( )16.---How long are you staying
---I don’t know. _____.
A.That’s OK. B.Never mind. C.It depends. D.It doesn’t matter.
( )17.Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house _____ his personality. (10湖北)
A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes
( )18.Sam _____ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. (10山东)
A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up
( )19.It is uncertain _____ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. (10浙江)
A. that B. what C. how D. whether
( )20. ---Have you finished the book (10全国)
---No. I have read up to_____ the children discovered the secret cave.
A. who B. where C. that D. what
（二）完形填空：根据短文内容选择能填入短文空白处的最佳选项。（30分）
Just as you imagine, studying in new environment is difficult. Though I had ___1____ a preparation for my study in the United Kingdom, I ___2____ met many difficulties when I arrived in Britain. These difficulties ____3___ almost every side of your life, including language, daily ___4____, feelings and study.
___5____ the fact that I have studied English for quite a long time, I was well ___6____ to learn that the British people speak seemingly ____7___ English from what I have learned at home. When I picked up my luggage in the airport, I ___8____ a long crack on my suitcase. Anxious and a little bit angry, I rushed to a man in uniform and told him my suitcase was ___9____ . With a smile on his face, he seemed to be explaining something to me. But I was totally puzzled by what he was saying ___10____, the suitcase was still OK to use. I managed to pull it to the train station.
To my surprise, after more than two hours, there was still not a ___11____ train coming into the station. Finally, I was told that all trains had been cancelled that day due to the ___12____ of the railway workers who were demanding a pay rise.
After a good deal of bother, I finally reached Liverpool. ___13____, I found it even harder to understand the local English. I even ___14____ whether the local people were really speaking English. ___15____, they could hardly understand what I was saying though I had tried my best to pronounce right. I could never really ___16____ how to be the place I supposed to go ___17____ they told me the way. However, the good thing is that most British people are friendly and eager to help. They usually ___18____ me to the bus stop where I could take the bus to the places I wanted to go.
It takes time to be used to the local accent. What I want to emphasize here is that you should hold on to talk with the local people even if there are difficulties in ___19____. Before you go anywhere, write down the ___20____. Remember a dictionary around you could also be helpful.
( )1. A. made B. kept C. got D. set
( )2. A. even B. still C. yet D. almost
( )3. A. contain B. mean C. cover D. reach
( )4. A. matters B. events C. business D. troubles
( )5. A. Except B. Though C. Despite D. Besides
( )6. A. satisfied B. shocked C. glad D. worried
( )7. A. advanced B. strange C. same D. different
( )8. A. watched B. recognized C. found D. knew
( )9. A. robbed B. broken C. destroyed D. lost
( )10. A. All right B. Not at all C. Never mind D. No problem
( )11. A. single B. only C. alone D. just
( )12. A. fight B. strike C. break D. march
( )13. A. Luckily B. Unfortunately C. Honestly. D. Personally
( )14. A. guessed B. puzzled C. doubted D. considered
( )15. A. However B. Similarly C. Even so D. Therefore
( )16. A. take out B. figure out C. give out D. bring out
( )17. A. even if B. as if C. only if D. when
( )18. A. took B. pointed C. sent D. showed
( )19. A. communication B. touch C. understanding D. greeting
( )20. A. direction B. number C. address D. route
（三）阅读理解：根据短文内容选择能回答所提问题或完成句子的最佳选项。（20分）
I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke（唤起） an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with.
Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions（认识）of the limited English speaker.
I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is ,because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.
I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal（内在的） language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure: I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show; her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.
( )1. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that ______.
A. she uses English in foreign trade
B. she is fascinated by languages
C. she works as a translator
D. she is a writer by profession
( )2. The author used to think of her mother’s English as ______.
A. impolite B. amusing
C. imperfect D. practical
( )3. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3
A. Americans do not understand broken English.
B. The author’s mother was not respected sometimes.
C. The author’ mother had positive influence on her.
D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts.
( )4. The author gradually realizes her mother’s English is _____.
A. well structured
B. in the old style
C. easy to translate
D. rich in meaning
( )5. What is the passage mainly about
A. The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English.
B. The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother.
C. The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English.
D. The author’s experiences of using broken English.
（四）完成句子：根据所给汉语完成下列句子，词数不限。（30分）
1. 北京奥运会的成功举办促进了中国经济的增长。
The success of Beijing Olympic Games ___________________________________ in China.
2. 在长时间考虑之后，这对夫妇决定领养一个孤儿。
After a long time of consideration，______________________________________________.
3. 比赛中他受了伤，因此我们不得不用另一位选手代替他。
He was injured in the game so___________________________________________________.
4. 这个年轻人向他的父母许诺，毕业后他会通过努力自己来谋生。
The young man _____________________________________________________________.
5. 他提高音量以便大家都能听清楚他的话。
He ________________________________________________________________________.
6. 根据世界卫生组织的报告，大城市都需要制订医疗规划以阻止艾滋病的蔓延。
According to the report of the World Health Organization, health care plans _____________
__________________________________________________________________________.
7. 在跟着车子跑了很长时间之后，车子停下来让他上车了。
After he ran after the car for a long time, ________________________________________.
8. 你应该清楚你无法控制他人，但可以控制自己。
You should be aware that _____________________________________________________.
9. 警察赶到后，人们便向四面八方走开了。
When the police arrived, _____________________________________________________.
10. 国家必须照料阵亡军人家属的生活。
The state ___________________________________________________________________.
一、知识复习
（一）词汇部分
1.【参考答案】①invented ②makes ③produce ④created ⑤discovered
【点拨拓展】discover是“发现”的意思，发现可以是偶然的，也可以有一个过程，发现的对象原来就存在，只是一直未被认识; invent 是“发明”的意思，发明的东西原来是不存在的; create 是“创造”、“产生”的意思，它指创造独特性的东西; produce 指通过劳动加工而生产产品，尤指工农业产品生产; make表示制作，制造；建造；构成，等于.
2.【参考答案】①收听 ②捡起来 ③买到 ④学会 ⑤搭载 ⑥好转
【点拨拓展】pick up表示捡起；中途搭载乘客，接人；间接学会（语言，技能等）；（从电台，收音机）收听节目；加快（速度）；便宜地买到；（天气，健康等）好转；重提（话题），继续等意思。pick out : 挑选，辨认出
3.【参考答案】①导致 ②捐款 ③对…作贡献 ④投稿
【点拨拓展】contribute（sth.）to，表示给……捐款；向……投稿；作贡献；促进，有助于，导致（lead to, result in），名词形式为contribution，常用于 make contributions to
4.【参考答案】①adopt ②adapt ③adapted ④adopted
【点拨拓展】adopt表示收养,领养;采纳,采用.如：adopt an idea, adopt measures, adopt methods, adopt a child. 名词形式为adoption. adapt表示(使)适应(to);改编(from/for)，名词形式为adaptation.
5.【参考答案】①replaced ②replace ③replacement
【点拨拓展】replace vt.替换，代替，取代;把……放回原处 n. replacement（for sb./sth.）替代……的人或物
①replace sth./sb.=take the place of sth./sb.(take one's place) 取代某物、某人
②replace sth./sb. with sth./sb. 用……替换
③in place of=in one's place 代替，取代
例：Nothing can replace a mother’s love and care. 没有什么东西可以代替母亲的爱和关心。
He will replace a broken window with a new one. 他要用新窗户更换破了的窗户。
I gave her a watch in place of the one she had lost. 我给她一块手表，代替她丢失的那一块。
6.【参考答案】①rose ②raise ③rising/raised ④rise
【点拨拓展】raise vt. 举起；抬高，提高(音量)；种植，饲养，抚育(子女)；提出(问题)
例：raise one’s voice提高声音 ; raise money for为……筹款 ; raise a question提出问题 ;
raise a family养家糊口; raise one’s hand 举起手
raise 和rise的比较：
原形 词性 过去式 过去分词 v. -ing
raise vt. raised raised raising
rise vi. rose risen rising
这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。
1. raise及物动词，发出此动作的通常是人,可用于被动语态，意为“举起、提高”，如抬头、举手（目、帽、石头、重物等），还可用作比喻，如提高政治觉悟（生活水平、地位、名誉、声音等）。
rise 不及物动词，不能用于被动语态,，意为“上升”、“升起”、“起身”、“起立（此时主语是人）”、“上涨”，以及“（日、月星等）升起到地平线上”。rise作为名词表示(数量、程度等)增加,上涨[C][(+in)]；上升;兴盛;发迹;提升[U]；高地,岗[C]；【英】加薪等意。
例： Please raise your hand if you know the answer.（请举手，主语是你）
The sun rises in the east.(太阳升起，主语是太阳)
2.raise 和rise 用于同一事物时含义不同。例：
最近电视机提价了。
The price of TV sets has been raised recently.（政府和厂家主动行动，提高价钱）
The price of TV sets has risen recently.（市场自动调节导致提价，与销售商无关）
7.【参考答案】①expand ②extend ③spread ④stretch
【点拨拓展】spread (spread, spread ) vt.& n. 使伸展;使延伸;张开;展开;散布;伸展;延伸;传开;蔓延;流行
spread out散开；伸展 spread over 遍布在
spread to 传到，波及 spread oneself out 舒展四肢(躺下)
spread, expand, extend, stretch辨析：
①spread:“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。
②expand: “展开、扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。
③extend: “伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。
④stretch: “伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。
8. 【参考答案】①B ②D ③C
【点拨拓展】consist of 表示“整体由部分组成”，引申为“包含有”，不能用于被动语态
例：Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
make up组成 表示“部分构成整体”，用于主动语态；如果用整体作主语，必须用被动结构be made up of，这时可以和consist of互换。例:Eleven players make up the football team.
The football team is made up of eleven players.=The football team consists of eleven players.
9.【点拨拓展】depend on/upon依靠；依赖；取决于
depend on/upon sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事 depend on/upon it that…指望……
depend on/upon+wh- 从句 It/That (all) depends.(口语)视情况而定。
dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的 be dependent on
例：All living things depend on the sun for their growth.万物生长靠太阳。
You may depend on it that he will join our club.=You may depend on him to join our club.
你可以指望他加入我们俱乐部。
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.
我们的成败取决于每个人是否努力地工作。
10.【点拨拓展】promise n. 承诺; 诺言; 前途; vt. 许诺, 答应; 给人以……的指望;预示
promise sb. sth.=promise sth. to sb. 答应给某人某物
promise (sb.)to do sth./that clause答应(某人)做某事
give/make a promise许下诺言keep/carry out a/one’s promise遵守诺言
break a/one’s promise违背诺言 promising 有前途的；有希望的
11.【点拨拓展】differ vi. 有区别，不一样
differ from…和……不同 differ in…在……方面不同 例：
English differs from Chinese in many ways.英语和中文有很多不同。
difference n.差异，不同点 make a difference 有影响，产生差别 例：
It makes no difference to me whether you go or not.你去不去对我没有什么影响。
12.【点拨拓展】take control 操纵；控制 lose control of 无法控制
in control of 控制；掌控；管理 in/under the control of sb. 在……的控制下
under control 受控制 beyond/out of control 无法控制
（二）句型部分
1.【参考答案】①A ②A
【点拨拓展】the same…that…指同一个 the same…as…指同类非同一个
例：Have you bought the same book as I referred to yesterday
你有没有买我昨天说的那本书啊？( as在定语从句中作宾语，先行词是book) 这里指的是同一类书，而并不就是同一本。
Have you brought the same book that I gave you yesterday
你有没有把我昨天给你的那本书带来啊？( that在定语从句中作宾语，先行词是book)本句中所指的书是同一本。
the same where/when(where/when是关系副词，在从句中作状语):
例：Yesterday I visited their village in the same year when they did ours.
Put the book in the same place where it was.
2.【参考答案】①D ②C ③A
【点拨拓展】despite prep.尽管 后接名词，代词，动名词或名词性从句，相当于in spite of
despite与although(though)意思相同，但后者引导让步状语从句。例：
尽管天气恶劣，工人们还是在热火朝天地干着。
Despite the bad weather, the workers were working hard outside.
或Although the weather was bad, the workers were working hard outside.
3.【参考答案】①What if he doesn’t agree ②What if I move the picture there
③What if it is true
【点拨拓展】What if后面接句子，结构相当于：What will or would happen if… 常用于表示建议或疑虑，意为：如果……将会怎么样。例：
What if you don’t pass your exams 要是考试不及格怎么办？
二、词汇识记
（一）单词部分
1. eventually 2.official 3. access 4.simplify 5.standard
6. reflect 7. throughout 8. character 9. opposite 10. occasion
11. originally 12. represent 13.vocabulary 14.indicate 15. modern
16. pronunciation 17. European 18. symbol
（二）词块部分
1. as a whole 2.mother tongue 3. turn into 4. lift up
5. care about 6. look up 7.have an impact on 8. take…into consideration
9. combine…with… 10. stand for 11. have a word with 12. sort out
13. set a standard for 14. function as 15.from side to side 16. get to the point
三、巩固练习
（一）1-5 DAADB 6-10 DBACC 11-15 CBBCA 16-20 CCCBB
（二）1. A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.C
11. A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.C
（三）1.D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A
（四）1. contributes to the growth of economy
2. the couple decided to adopt an orphan.
3. we had to replace him with another player.
4. made a promise to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.
5. raised his voice in order to be heard clearly
6. are needed in all big cities to prevent the spread of AIDS.
7. the car stopped and picked him up
8. you can’t take control of others but you can control yourself.
9. the crowd walked away in all directions
10. must care for the families of soldiers killed in the war.