(共45张PPT)
Grammar
定语从句
The
Attributive
Clause
《小芳》
村里有个姑娘
叫小芳
长得好看又善良
一双美丽的大眼睛
辫子粗又长
在回城之前的那个晚上
你和我来到小河旁
……
There
is
a
beautiful
and
kind
girl
named
Xiaofang
in
the
village.
She
has
a
pair
of
beautiful
big
eyes
and
long
thick
hair.
who
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词
的句子.
(Attributive
clause)
Xiaofang
is
a
beautiful
girl.
Xiaofang
is
a
girl
who
has
long
hair.
形容词作定语
句子作定语,修饰girl,
叫做定语从句
什么是定语从句呢？
修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
结构：
先行词
+
关系词
+
句子
I
love
singers
who
write
their
own
music.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
The
Attributive
Clause
（定语从句）
在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句主句与从句由关系词连接
e.g.
I
like
music
that
I
can
dance
to.
music
是先行词，that是关系代词
He
is
the
man
who
I
met
yesterday.
man是先行词，who是关系代词
定
语
从
句
的
关系词
关系
代词
关系
副词
指人
指物
who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，
that(主语、宾语),
whose(定语)
that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)
whose(定语)
where
(地点状语)
when
(时间状语)
why
(原因状语)
He
is
the
man
who
I
met
yesterday，do
you
know
who
he
is?
定语从句，修饰the
man
I
prefer
a
sandwich
that
is
really
delicious.
定语从句，修饰sandwich
It’s
an
invention
_________is
used
for
keeping
off
the
rain
.
which
/that
《飘》
It’s
a
book
___________was
written
by
Margaret
Mitchell.
Gone
with
the
wind
that/which
It’s
the
Great
Wall
__________was
built
by
Chinese
people.
that
/which
It’s
an
animal
___________
has
a
long
nose.
that/which
I
have
a
pen.
The
pen
is
red.
I
have
a
pen
which/that
is
red.
修饰先行词
a
pen
主语
主语
关系词that/which在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。
I
like
some
friends.
Some
friends
like
sports.
I
like
some
friends
who
like
sports.
修饰先行词
friends
主语
主语
/
that
关系词who
/that
在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。
I
like
the
music.
I
can
dance
to
the
music.
I
like
the
music
that
I
can
dance
to
.
宾语
宾语
关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。
I
like
the
girl.
You
are
talking
to
the
girl.
I
like
the
girl
who(m)
you
are
talking
to
.
宾语
宾语
/that
关系词who
/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。
Match
the
two
sentences
1.I’m
reading
a
book.
The
book
is
about
Bill
Gates.
_______________________________________
2.He
is
a
teacher.
The
teacher
teaches
us
Chinese.
_______________________________________
3.I
don’t
like
the
man.
He
is
smoking.
____________________________________
I’m
reading
a
book
that/which
is
about
Bill
Gates.
He
is
a
teacher
who/
that
teaches
us
Chinese.
I
don’t
like
the
man
who
is
smoking.
练习：判断Who/that
在从句中担任主语还是宾语。
I
love
singers
who
write
their
own
songs
He
is
the
man
who
I
met
yesterday.
I
like
music
that
I
can
dance
to.
I
prefer
a
sandwich
that
is
really
delicious.
主语
宾语
宾语
主语
Who/that
在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
I
prefer
shoes
that
are
cool.
I
have
a
friend
who
plays
sports.
These
are
the
people
who
______
（be）hard-working.
This
is
the
person
that
______(like)
volleyball
very
much.
The
shoes
which
_____
(be
)
cool
belong
to
me.
Exercise
1
:用关系代词填空
The
boy
____________
is
playing
ping-pong
is
my
classmate.
The
e-mail
___________
I
received
yesterday
was
from
my
sister.
I
hate
people
______________
talk
much
but
do
little.
The
car
_____________
my
father
bought
last
month
is
very
beautiful.
who
/
that
which/
that
who
/
that
which
/
that
任务I.
阅读下列句子，再用who/that
填空。
1.I
have
a
brother
_______
likes
soccer.
2.Tom
doesn’t
like
movies
_______are
too
long
and
too
scary.
3.
We
prefer
groups
________
play
loud
and
energetic
songs.
4.???He
likes
friends
_________
often
help
each
other.
who/that
that
that
who/that
A
child
_____
parents
are
dead
is
called
an
orphan(
孤儿).
A.
who
B.
whose
C.
who’s
D.
which
Look
at
the
girl
____name
is
Lucy.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
who’s
D.
whose
that和which的选择
(1)
that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。
①当先行词为all,
much,
little,
few,
none,
something,
anything,
everything,
nothing等不定代词时，如：
a.
All
that
can
be
done
has
been
done.
b.
I
am
sure
she
has
something
(that)
you
can
borrow.
c.
There
is
little
(that)
the
enemy
can
do
besides
surrender.
②
先行词被all,
every,
no,
some,
any,
little,
much修饰时：
I’ve
read
all
the
books
(that)
you
gave
me.
that和which的选择
③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This
is
the
best
book
(that)
I’ve
ever
read.
This
is
the
first
composition
(that)
he
has
written
in
English.
④先行词被the
only,
the
very,
the
last
修饰时。
That
white
flower
is
the
only
one
(that)
I
really
like.
This
is
the
very
book
(that)
I
want
to
find.
⑤
当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who
(whom)和which引导。如：
He
talked
about
the
teachers
and
schools
（that）
he
had
visited.
补充：
当主句以
who
或
which开头时，定语从句的关系词用
that,
而不用
which
或
who.
Who
is
the
girl
that
spoke
to
you
just
now?
Which
is
the
pen
that
you
lost
?
Exercise
2.
My
father
and
his
teacher
talked
a
lot
about
the
persons
and
things
______
they
couldn’t
remember.
Say
all
________
you
know.
Is
there
anything
______
I
can
do
for
you?
that
that
that
当先行词是something,
anything,
nothing,
all
等词时，关系代词只能用that.
4.This
is
the
first
play
________
I
have
seen
since
I
came
here.
5.
This
is
the
best
novel
_______
I
have
read.
that
that
当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.
6.Who
is
the
girl
_______is
standing
under
the
tree?
7.
Which
is
the
machine
____
we
used
last
Sunday.
当主句是who或which
引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.
that
that
8.
The
man
______
hair
is
white
is
his
grandfather.
9.
Is
there
a
student
_________
father
is
a
business
man?
10.
This
is
the
house
in
________
we
have
lived
for
10
years.
11.I’ve
never
heard
of
the
people
and
things
________
you
talked
about
just
now.
whose
whose
which
that
当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.
1)This
is
the
hero(
whom)
we
are
proud
of.
This
is
the
hero
of
whom
we
are
proud
.
This
is
the
hero(that)
we
are
proud
of
.
2)The
room
(that)
I
live
in
is
very
big.
The
room
(which)
I
live
in
is
very
big.
The
room
in
which
I
live
is
very
big.
关系代词与介词:
介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,
用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
1.He
did
all
/
everything
_______he
could
to
help
me.
2.This
is
the
very
thing
_______
I
am
after.
3.We
talked
about
the
men
and
the
things
_______
we
remembered
at
school.
4.He
is
the
only
man
_______
can
do
the
work.
5.This
is
the
first
thing
_______
I
want
to
say.
6.He
is
the
finest
man
_______
I
have
ever
worked
with.
7.Who
is
the
man
_______
spoke
to
you
at
the
gate.
8.Which
is
the
star
_______
is
nearest
to
the
earth.
Exercise
that
,
which
or
who?
that
that
that
that
that
that
that
that
2.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
who,
that
or
which.
More
than
one
answers
may
be
possible.
A:
Hi,
Cindy!
Would
you
like
to
see
Sky
High
in
2050
this
weekend?
B:
Hmm…no,
I
don’t
think
movies
________
try
to
describe
the
future
are
very
interesting.
Could
we
see
City
Danger
instead?
A:
You
mean,
the
new
police
story
_________
was
filmed
in
five
countries?
B:
Yes,
that’s
the
one.
The
actor
________
plays
the
hero
used
to
be
a
schoolteacher!
A:
OK,
sure.
It
sounds
like
something
_________
we
both
will
enjoy!
that/which
that/which
who
that/which
定
语
从
句
的
关系词
关系
代词
关系
副词
指人
指物
who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，
that(主语、宾语),
whose(定语)
that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)
whose(定语)
where
(地点状语)
when
(时间状语)
why
(原因状语)
why
作原因状语,
其先行词常常是the
reason.
That
is
the
reason
why(=
for
which)
I’m
late.
I
know
the
reason
why
he
said
it.
why
=
for
which
关系副词和先行词的关系
I
still
remember
the
day
when
I
came
here.
This
is
the
house
where
I
lived
last
year.
There
are
many
reasons
why
people
like
traveling.
on
the
day
=when
in
the
house=
where
for
the
reasons
=why
关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
Exercise
1.October
1,1949
is
the
day
_____
the
PRC
was
founded.
which
B.
when
C.
that
D.
on
that
2.Is
that
the
reason
_____
you
are
for
the
plan.
which
B.
what
C.
why
D.
for
that
3.
Is
this
the
place
______
you
were
born?
A.
which
B.where
C.what
D.that
1.I’ll
never
forget
the
days__________we
worked
together.
2.I’ll
never
forget
the
days
________
we
spent
together.
3.I
went
to
the
place
I
worked
ten
years
ago.
4.I
went
to
the
place
_____________
I
visited
ten
years
ago.
5.This
is
the
reason
_____________________
he
was
late.
6.This
is
the
reason
_____________________
he
gave.
when
/in
which
which
where/
in
which
which
why/
for
which
that/which
几种易混的情况
及物动词
及物动词
及物动词
挑战高难度！！！
1.
Is
this
the
place
______
you
were
born?
A.
which
B.where
C.what
D.that
2.
Is
this
the
place
______
some
German
friends
visited
last
year?
A.
which
B.where
C.what
D.
why
3.The
house
_______
the
famous
writer
wrote
his
works
is
a
museum
now.
A.
which
B.where
C.what
D.that
4.The
house
_______
the
famous
writer
bought
many
years
ago
is
a
museum
now.
A.
that
B.where
C.what
D.
why
Exercises
:
.
1.
Is
this
the
room
____
you
cleaned
last
time?
2.
Is
this
the
room
____
we
lived
before?
3.
This
is
the
garden
____
they
stayed
for
a
night.
4.
This
is
the
garden
____
they
visited
last
time.
5.
Tom
has
forgotten
the
day
____
he
left
his
home.
6.
Tom
has
forgotten
the
day
____
I
told
him
last
day.
7.
She
still
remembers
the
year
____
she
found
her
first
job.
8.
She
still
remembers
the
year
____
she
spent
in
Jining.
that
where
where
that
when
that
when
that
Is
this
the
factory
__________
you
visited
the
other
day?
???
A.
that?????
B.
where???????
C.
in
which??????
D.
the
one
2.
Is
this
factory
__________
some
foreign
friends
visited
last
Friday?
???
A.
that??????
B.
where??????
C.
which??
D.
the
one
3.The
great
day
we
looked
forward
to
_______
at
last.
??
A.
come????????
B.
came??????
C.
coming???????
D.
comes
