中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
Unit
Five单元复习+非谓语动词之动名词
)
?Unit
Five
语言点复习
1.
play
games
打游戏
2.
be
used
for
用来做......用
3.
advances
in
technology
科技的发展
4.
VR
(virtual
reality)
虚拟现实
5.
put
on
the
headset
带上听筒
5.
enter
a
different
world
进入不同的世界
6.
reach
out
伸出
7.
in
the
artificial
world
在这个虚拟的世界里
8.
enable
sb.to
do
sth.
使某人能够做某事
9.
distinguish
…
from…区别
10.be
thrilled
to
do
sth.高兴做某事
11.concerned
critics
有关的评论家
12.
commit
crimes
犯罪
13.get
used
to
（doing）sth
习惯做某事
14.
return
to
reality
回到现实
15.
on
the
other
hand
另一方面来说
16.
on
the
one
hand
一方面来说
17.
improve
the
world
改善世界
18.experiment
harmlessly
无害实验
19.
face
sth.面临
be
faced
with
sth.
面临
20.for
sure
无疑?
肯定
without
doubt肯定?
无疑
21.get
ready
to
准备做
22.step
into
another
world
进入另一个世界
24.
MP3
players
MP3播放器
25.
take…by
storm
强烈感染
26.
essential
differences本质的区别
be
essential
to
sb.某人所必需的
27.
make
a
statement
作陈述
28.
create
an
effect
产生效果
29.
make
it
to
some
place
赶到某地make
it
成功
30.
metal
金属
n.mental
精神的
adj.
32.
be
available
可用的?
可以得到的
33.
be
stored
in
储存
34.
take
your
favorite
music
带上你最喜欢的音乐
35.bar
chart
柱形图
条线图
pie
chart
饼形图
36.
compared
with
one
year
ago
和一年前相比
37.
descriptive
words
描述性话语
38.
in
complete
safety
处于完全安全状态
39.
be
educational
有教育意义的
40.
in
difficult
conditions
在困难的状态下
41.
before
long
不久以后long
before
很久以前
42.
everyday
clothing
日常穿着
43.
electric
sunglasses
电子太阳镜
44.
point
us
in
the
direction
给我们指出方向
45.
monitor
an
examination监考
46.
certain
foods
某种食物
47.
stay
healthy
保持健康
48.
problem
with
clothes
衣服方面的问题
49.
remove
one's
shoes
[coat]脱鞋[上衣]
remove
the
cloth
from
the
table把桌上的桌布拿走
50.solve
the
problem
解决问题
51.
wear
electronic
clothes
穿电子衣
52.
perform
well
at
school
在校表现好
53.
currently现在?
如今
at
present现在?
如今nowadays
现在?
如今
Unit
5重点单词词组复习
单词
词性
中文含义
衍生词
virtual
adj.
虚拟的
reality
n.
现实
adj.
real
v.
realize
magic
n.
魔法，魔术
a.
magical
artificial
adj.
人造的，虚伪的
近义词man-made
image
n.
形象
data
n.
(pl.)
数据
(sing.
)
datum
data
base
数据库
distinguish
v.
区别，辨认
adj.
distinguished
著名的
entertainment
n.
娱乐，招待
v.
entertain
a.
entertaining
delighted
adj.
愉悦的，高兴的
vt.&.
n.
delight
observe
vt.
观察，遵守
n.
observation
adj.-
observant
thrilled
adj.
兴奋的，激动的
vt.
&.
n.
thrill
adj.
thrilling
manufacture
v.
n.
制造，加工
n.
manufacturer
metal
n.
金属
architect
n.
建筑师
n.
architecture
inspect
v.
检查，检阅，视察
n.
inspection
inspector
construct
v.
建造
n.
construction
concerned
adj.
担心的，忧虑的
concerning有关的
critic
n.
评论家
n.
criticism
vt.
criticize
medium
n.
adj.
媒体，媒介适中的，中等的
(pl.)
media
commit
vt.
犯罪
n.
commitment
crime
n.
罪行
n.
criminal
experiment
n.
v.
实验，试验
harmless
adj.
无害的
反义词harmful
adj.
harm
v.n.
动名词用法
（一）形式
动名词，顾名思义，具有双重作用：它既有动词的作用（后面可加自己的宾语），又有名词的作用（可以做句子的主语、宾语等）。
时态
语态
主动
被动
一般式
doing
being
done
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
1.一般式
Working
in
these
conditions
is
not
a
pleasure
but
a
suffer.
2.
完成式
如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,
通常用动名的完成形式.
He
didn’t
mention
having
met
me.
I
regret
not
having
taken
her
advice.
在某些动词后(或成语中),
常用(或可以用)动名词的一般形式,
尽管动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的.
Excuse
me
for
coming
late.
I
don’t
remember
ever
seeing
him
anywhere.
3.被动式
当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时,
动名词一般要用被动形式.
His
being
neglected
by
the
host
added
to
his
uneasiness.
He
couldn’t
bear
being
made
fun
of
like
that.
但要注意,
在want,
need,
deserve,
require
等动词后,
尽管表示的是被动的意思,
却用动名词的主动形式.
The
point
deserves
mentioning.
This
problem
requires
studying
with
great
care.
在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样.
Her
method
is
worth
trying.
4.
完成被动式
如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生,
有时需要用动名词的完成被动式.
I
don’t
remember
having
ever
been
given
a
chance
to
try
this
method.
但在多数情况下都避免使用这一形式,
而用一般被动形式代替,
以免句子显得累赘.
5.动名词的否定形式
动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词
【例】She
apologized
for
her
not
being
able
to
attend
the
party.
not
+
doing的动名词否定形式，her为该动名词的逻辑主语。
（二）句法功能
1.作主语:
Working
in
these
conditions
is
not
a
pleasure
but
a
suffer.
动名词作主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如：It
is
no
use/no
good
crying
over
spilt
milk.
洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。
It
was
hard
getting
on
the
crowded
street
car.
上这种拥挤的车真难。
It
is
fun
playing
with
children.
和孩子们一起玩真好。
There
is
no
joking
about
such
matters.
对这种事情不是开玩笑。
2.作宾语
（1）及物动词的宾语
You
mustn’t
delay
sending
the
tractors
over.
（2）介词的宾语
凡是动词+介词、名词+介词或形容词+介词形成的词组，都要求接动名词做宾语，因为所有介词后的动词都要使用动名词形式。
【例】He
gives
people
the
impressionof
having
spend
all
his
life
abroad.
全句的意思是“他给人的印象是他的一生都在国外度过”。这是名词＋介词＋动名词（短语）的形式。
3.作表语:
The
real
problem
is
getting
to
know
the
needs
of
the
people.
（三）动名词的复合结构（重要考点）
前面带有代词或名词的动名词结构:
一个动名词前面可以加一个物主代词(或名词的所有格结构),
来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语
Their
coming
to
help
was
a
great
encouragement
to
us.
Do
you
mind
my
reading
your
paper?
They
insisted
on
my
staying
there
for
supper.
如果不是在句子开头,
这个结构常常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词宾格),
这比用所有格更自然一些.
I
don’t
mind
him
going.
She
hates
people
losing
their
temper.
【例1】The
girl's
being
educated
in
an
atmosphere
of
simple
living
was
what
her
parents
wished
for.
全句意思是：让孩子在简朴的生活环境中接受教育中她父母所希望的。
【例2】Although
punctual
himself,
the
professor
was
quite
used
to
student's
being
late
for
his
lecture.
句意：尽管教授很准时，但他对学生迟到已经习惯了。当这一结构不处于句首时，逻辑主语用名词的普通格式或代词宾语更自然些。
（四）只能接动名词的动词、词组、习惯搭配、句型
1.后接动名词的动词
有些动词只能接动名词做宾语，而不能接不定式。这是考试中常见的考点。请大家务必多练多用多读多说，尽量培养语感，这比单纯死记硬背这些枯燥的词汇要容易得多。
这些动词是：acknowledge,
advice,
admit,
anticipate,
appreciate,
avoid,
allow,
bear,
can't
help,
cease,
commence,
complete,
confess,
delay,
deny,
discourage,
detest,
dread,
endure,
enjoy,
envy,
escape,
excuse,
fancy,
favor,
figure,
finish,
imagine,
involve,
justify,
keep,
mind,
miss,
permit,
postpone,
practice,
quit,
recall,
repent,
require,
resent,
resume,
risk,
save等等。
【例1】Mark
often
attempts
to
escape
being
fined
whenever
he
breaks
traffic
regulations.
动词escape后接动名词，fine“罚款”是及物动词、要用被动语态；而且，句子讲的是经常性动作，应当用一般时态。
【例2】People
appreciate
working
with
him
because
he
has
a
good
sense
of
humor.
全句的意思是：因为他很有幽默感，所以大家喜欢和他一起工作。根据句意，动名词动作与句子谓语动作并无时间上的先后，必须用动名词一般时态。
2.后接动名词的词组
（1）动名词作介词宾语常用在某些含有介词的词组后面,
常见的有:
insist
on,
persist
in,
think
of,
dream
of,
suspect…of,
accuse…of,
charge…with,
hear
of,
approve
of,
prevent…from,
keep…from,
stop…from,
refrain
from,
be
engaged
in,
depend
on,
thank…for,
feel
like,
excuse…for,
aim
at,
set
about等.
（2）特别注意：某些充当介词的to的动词词组、名词词组、形容词词组等后接动名词
approach
to（方法），admit
to（承认），
contribute
to（起作用），confess
to（承认），resort
to（求助于），reconcile
to（顺从于），revert
to（重新开始），submit
to（忍受），swear
to（断言），take
to
（开始从事），be
used
to（习惯于），look
forward
to（盼望），oppose
to
（反对），see
to(负责，注意)，devote…to(把···献给，投入于)等中的to都是介词而不是不定式符号。
【例1】The
match
was
cancelled
because
most
of
the
members
objected
to
having
a
match
without
a
standard
court.
object在这里是不及物动词，后面的to是介词，在接名词或动名词做宾语。
【例2】The
traditional
approach
to
dealing
with
complex
problem
is
to
break
them
down
into
smaller,
more
easily
managed
problems.
approach后面的to是介词，句意：解决复杂问题的传统方法是把他们分解为更小的、更容易处理的问题。
3.习惯搭配
be
busy
doing
sth.,
be
no
good
doing
sth.,
spend
some
time/money
doing
sth.,
have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.,
have
a
hard
time
(in)
doing
sth.,
have
trouble
/
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth，can’t
help,
can’t
stand,
give
up,
feel
like,
put
off都是惯用搭配，其后动名词不能换成to不定式。
【例】Jean
did
not
have
time
to
go
to
the
concert
last
night
because
she
was
busy
being
prepared
for
her
examination.
4.
句型
1）满足句型“it
is
+名词或形容词+动名词”和句型“动词+
it
+形容词或名词+动名词”的形容词和名词有：good,
no
good,
nuisance,
no
use,
senseless,
use,
useless,
waste,
worthwhile。
例：Do
you
think
it
worthwhile
investing
a
large
sum
of
money
in
this
project?（你认为向该项目大量投资值得吗？）
2)
It
is
+
no
use,
no
good
(fun,
a
great
pleasure,
a
waste
of
time,
a
bore...)等名词+doing
sth.?
It
is
no
use
crying.哭没有用。
It
is
a
great
fun
playing
football．打篮球很有趣。?
3)
It
is
+
useless
(nice,
good，interesting,
expensive等形容词)+
doing
sth．?
It
is
nice
seeing
you
again．真高兴又遇到了你。?
It
is
good
playing
chess
after
supper．晚饭后弈棋挺好。?
It
is
expensive
running
this
car．开这种小车是浪费。
（五）既可用动名词,
也可用不定式作宾语的动词
1.
有时两种结构之间意义差别不大,
有时却有不同的意思。
try
to
do努力、企图做某事
try
doing试验、试一试某种办法
mean
to
do打算，有意要…
mean
doing意味着
go
on
to
do
继而（去做另外一件事情）
go
on
doing
继续（原先没有做完的事情）
propose
to
do
打算（要做某事）
proposing
doing建议（做某事）
【例】If
I
had
remembered
to
close
the
window,
the
thief
would
not
have
got
in.
本句的意思是："我要是记得把窗子关起来的话，小偷就进不来了。"remember后接动名词表示记得过去曾做过某事，接不定式则表示记得要做某事。本句说的是："记得把窗子关起来"。注意remember后面不能用动词不定式的完成式。
2．dislike,
hate,
like,
love,
prefer
这些词加动名词时，表示喜欢或讨厌一般性、习惯性或发生过的某事、某物；加不定式时，表示喜欢或讨厌的、偶然一次的、打算做的某事、某物。prefer的用法稍微复杂一点，它后面加不定式还是加动名词通常是由它的固定结构或习惯用法决定的。常见的结构是：would
prefer
+
to
do（更想做某事）;
prefer
doing
A
to
doing
B（比起做B来说，更喜欢做A。注意：这里的比较使用的不是than，而是to）。
【例】Mr.
Johnson
preferred
to
be
given
heavier
work
to
do.
全句意思应是：“约翰逊先生宁可有（被给予）更重的活干”。可见，答案是A)
to
be
given。
deserve,
need,
require,
want
这几个词的共同特点是：它们后面既可加不定式，也可加动名词，意义相同。但是，表示被动时，
动名词依然使用主动形式，不定式则变成被动形式。
【例】Your
hair
wants
cutting.
You'd
better
have
it
done
tomorrow.
句中的want等于need，是一种口语习惯用法，后面接动名词主动形式表被动。
高考高频词汇精选背诵（J/K/L字母）
jam
kneel
leisure
loose
jealous
knock
licence
likewise
joint
luxury
label
legend
journal
lag
landscape
logical
justice
launch
literature
liable
justify
laundry
load
leaflet
jury
leak
loan
liberate
knot
lean
lawn
literacy
keen
leap
loss
literal
kidnap
layout
lavatory
loyalty
单句语法填空（注意动名词用法）
1.
_____
is
a
good
form
of
exercise
for
both
young
and
old.
(walk)
2.
I
can't
understand
your
_______
at
that
poor
child.
(laugh)
3.
With
the
boy
leading
the
way,
we
had
no
difficulty
______
his
house.
(find)
4.
To
make
a
living,
he
tried
writing,
_______,
and
various
other
things,
but
he
had
failed
in
all.
(
paint)
5.
She
prided
herself
on
_______to
work
in
Beijing.
(send)
6.
She
was
praised
for
_______
the
life
of
the
child.
(save)
7.
She
ought
to
be
praised
instead
of
_______.
(criticize).
8.
Is
there
any
possibility
of
our
_______
the
championship?
(win)
9.
He
came
to
the
party
without
_______.
(invite)
10.
There
is
no
____
what
will
happen
in
the
future.
(know)
11.
I’ll
never
forget
____
the
musical
comedy
in
New
York.
(see)
12.I
remember
____
to
Beijing
when
I
was
a
child.
(take)
13.
He
paused
and
went
on
_____
the
text
to
us.
(explain)
14.On
_____
the
news,
she
couldn’t
help
crying.
(hear)
15.
While
shopping,
people
sometimes
can’t
help
_____
into
buying
something
they
don’t
really
need.
(persuade)
参考答案：
1.
Walking
2.laughing?
3.
finding
4.
painting
5.being
sent
6.
having
saved
7.being
criticized 8.winning
9.being
invited
10.
knowing
11.
having
seen
12.
being
taken
13.
explaining
14.
hearing
15.
being
persuaded
高考核心词汇检测
Have
you
attached
labels
to
the__________?
A.
lavatory
B.
laundry
C.
luxury
D.
luggage
The
________
was
very
strict
in
their
work
in
the
library.
A.
journalist
B.
interviewer
C.
librarian
D.
lecturer
Cigarette
smoking
has
been
associated
with_________
cancer.
A.
liver
B.
lip
C.
knee
D.
lung
He
inserted
the
key
in
the
__________
and
opened
the
door.?
locker
B.
lock
C.
log
D.
lorry
Some
ants
have
extra
powerful
___________.
A.
jazz
B.
kettles
C.
idioms
D.
jaws
The
product
was
_________
"Made
in
China."
A.
lengthened
B.
labeled
C.
listed
D.
loaded
Our
house
is
being
_________
to
make
way
for
a
new
road.
A.
kicked
off
B.
lived
up
to
C.
let
out
D.
knocked
down
She
wore
so
much
____________
that
she
seemed
to
be
covered
in
gold.
jeans
B.
jewelry
C.
junior
D.
justice
She
will
________
a
campaign
for
a
charity
that
helps
people
suffering
from
diseases.
launch
B.
lag
C.
leak
D.
loose
He'd
always
been
such
a__________
friend
to
us
all.
logical
B.
loyal
C.
leisure
D.
legal
Our
honeymoon
was
two
days
in
Las
Vegas
at
a
_________
hotel.
liberated
B.
joint
C.
luxurious
D.liable
These
troubles
came
along
all
at
the
same
time
that
I
was
at
a
/an_______
what
to
do.
loss
B.
knot
C.
loan
D.
load
We'll
always
________
our
actions
with
noble
sounding
theories
kidnap
B.justify
C.
leak
D.
lean
You
are
more
________
to
injury
if
you
exercise
infrequently.
jealous
B.
likewise
C.liable
D.
literal
The
_________
of
the
pictorial
should
be
clear
and
easy
on
the
eye.
landscape
B.literature
C.legend
D.
layout
参考答案：
1~5.
DCDDD
6~10.BDBAB
11~15.
CABCD
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
(A)
Madonna：Singer/actress,
born
Michigan,
USA,
1959
Originally
a
dancer,
she
had
her
first
popular
record
‘Holiday’
in
1983.
In
1985
she
began
her
film
career
and
also
married
actor
Sean
Penn,
but
(25)____
marriage
lasted
less
than
four
years.
Her
‘Blond
Ambition
Tour’
in
1990
with
special
clothes(26)____(design)
by
Jean
Paul
Gaultier
caused
much
conflict.
Her
career
took
a
more
respectable
direction,
however,
(27)____
the
birth
of
her
first
child,
Lourdes,
in
1997,
and
her
performance
in
the
title
role
of
Evita.
Pelé：footballer,
born
Edson
Arantes
do
Nascimento,
Tres
Coracoes,
Brazil,
1940
Considered
by
many
to
be
the
greatest
footballer
of
all
time,
he
became
a
world
star
at
the
age
of
only
seventeen,
(28)____
Brazil
first
won
the
World
Cup
in
Sweden.
Perhaps
his
(29)____(great)
success
in
his
life
was
to
win
the
third
World
Cup
in
Mexico
in
1970.
He
played
in
four
World
Cup
competitions,
and
scored
over
1,200
goals
in
his
career
before
finally
(30)____(retire)
in
1977.
He
(31)____(appoint)
Brazilian
Special
Minister
for
Sport
in
1994.
Steffi
Graf：tennis
player,
born
Neckerau,
Germany,
1969
(31)____
Graf
turned
professional
at
the
age
of
thirteen,
she
won
her
first
major
tournament
in
1986
and
became
the
world’s
number
one
a
year
later.
In
1988
she
became
the
first
woman
since
1970
(33)____
(gain)‘The
Grand
Slam’
(Wimbledon,
the
US,
Australian
and
French
Open
tournaments).
She
(34)____(win)
over
100
titles
in
her
career
and
earned
up
to
$20
million.
25.
the
/her
26.
designed
27.
with
28.
when
29.
greatest
30.retiring
31.was
appointed
32.After
33.
to
gain
34.
has
won
Section
B
(
A.
depression
B.
ignore
C.
popularity
D.
fashionable
E.
unwise
F.
establish
G.
odd
H.
residence
I.
embarrassment
J
c
arefully
K.
depressed
)
How
we
look
and
how
we
appear
to
others
probably
worry
us
more
when
we
are
in
our
teens
or
early
twenties
than
at
any
other
time
in
our
life.
Few
of
us
are
content
to
accept
ourselves
as
we
are,
and
few
are
brave
enough
to
___(41)___
the
trends
of
fashion.
Most
fashion
magazines
or
TV
advertisements
try
to
persuade
us
that
we
should
dress
in
a
certain
way
or
behave
in
a
certain
manner.
If
we
do,
they
tell
us,
we
will
be
able
to
meet
new
people
with
confidence
and
deal
with
every
situation
without
___(42)___.
Changing
fashion,
of
course,
does
not
apply
just
to
dress.
A
barber
today
does
not
cut
a
boy's
hair
in
the
same
way
as
he
used
to,
and
girls
do
not
make
up
in
the
same
way
as
their
mothers
and
grandmothers
did.
The
advertisers
show
us
the
latest
___(43)___
styles
and
we
are
constantly
under
pressure
to
follow
the
fashion
in
case
our
friends
think
we
are
___(44)___
or
dull.
What
causes
fashions
to
change?
Sometimes
convenience
or
practical
necessity
or
just
the
fancy
of
an
influential
person
can
___(45)___
a
fashion.
Take
hats,
for
example.
In
cold
climates,
early
buildings
were
cold
inside,
so
people
wore
hats
indoors
as
well
as
outside.
In
recent
times,
the
late
President
Kennedy
caused
a(n)
___(46)___
in
the
American
hat
industry
by
not
wearing
hats:
more
American
men
followed
his
example.
Today,
society
is
much
freer
and
easier
than
it
used
to
be.
It
is
no
longer
necessary
to
dress
like
everyone
else.
Within
reason,
you
can
dress
as
you
like
or
do
your
hair
the
way
you
like
instead
of
the
way
you
should
because
it
is
the
fashion.
The
___(47)___
of
jeans
and
the
"untidy"
look
seems
to
be
a
reaction
against
the
increasingly
expensive
fashions
of
the
top
fashion
houses.
At
the
same
time,
appearance
is
still
important
in
certain
circumstances
and
then
we
must
choose
our
clothes
___(48)___.
It
would
be
foolish
to
go
to
an
interview
for
a
job
in
a
law
firm
wearing
jeans
and
a
sweater;
and
it
would
be
___(49)___
to
visit
some
distinguished
scholar
looking
as
if
we
were
going
to
the
beach
or
a
night
club.
However,
you
need
never
feel
___(50)___
if
you
don't
look
like
the
latest
fashion
photo.
Look
around
you
and
you'll
see
that
no
one
else
does
either!
41-50
B
I
D
G
F
A
C
J
EK
Translation
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
我们有必要在出发前制定一份计划（It）
2、有些中学生为了“摆谱儿”，
一个月就换一部手机。（show）
3．这些历经时间考验的经典作品总能开拓读者的视野。(stand)
4.
为了按时完成任务，志愿者们正竭尽全力把复杂的问题简单化。(simplify)
5.
“中国好声音”迷倒了许多年轻人，它也是中国最受观众喜爱的娱乐节目之一。(
fascinate）
Translation（only
for
reference）
1.It
is
necessary
for
us
to
make
a
plan
before
we
start/depart.
2.In
order
to
show
off
themselves/,
some
middle
school
students
change
a
mobile
phone/every
month.
3．Classics/Classic
works,
which
have
stood
the
test
of
time,
can
always
expand/broaden/widen
readers’
horizons/views.
4.
In
order
to
accomplish/finish/complete
the
task
in
time,
the
volunteers
are
trying
their
best/doing
all
that/what
they
can
to
simplify
the
difficult/complicated
matters.
5.
The
Voice
of
China/
fascinated
a
large
number
of
young
people/,
which
is
also
one
of
the
audience’s/
favourite
entertainment
programmes/
in
China.
/A
large
number
of
young
people
are
fascinated
with
The
Voice
of
China,
which
is
also
one
of
the
audience’s/
favourite
entertainment
programmes/
in
China.
Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Girls
that
eat
with
their
families
are
less
likely
to
develop
eating
disorders,
a
study
says.
New
research
shows
girls
who
regularly
have
family
meals
are
much
less
likely
to
adopt
extreme
weight
control
51
such
as
vomiting
(呕吐),
using
laxatives
(泻药)
or
diet
pills.
A
study
52
more
than
2500
American
high
school
students
found
that
girls
who
ate
five
or
more
family
meals
a
week
had
a
much
healthier
53
with
food
in
later
life.
The
research,
54
in
international
magazine
Archives
of
Pediatrics
and
Adolescent
Medicine,
polled
students
aged
13
to
17
in
1999
who
were
followed
up
five
years
later.
Regular
family
meals
were
found
to
have
a
protective
effect
55
the
girls’
age,
weight,
socio-economic
status,
dieting
habits
or
relationship
with
her
family.
Experts
say
doctors
should
56
families
to
have
dinner
at
the
table
57
on
the
couch
in
front
of
the
television
to
keep
away
from
serious
eating
disorders.
Belinda
Dalton,
director
of
eating
disorders
clinic
The
Oak
House,
said
eating
with
family
helped
“normalize”
young
people's
relationship
with
food.
“When
the
young
are
feeling
that
they're
not
treated
properly
or
when
they
are
feeling
completely
depressed,
they
58
____
something
that
they
can
control
and
food
is
something
59
and
accessible
for
them
to
control.
60
,
if
they're
sitting
with
their
family
on
a
regular
basis
then
their
family
can
be
more
in
61
of
their
eating,”
Ms
Dalton
said.
“It's
about
young
people
feeling
62
their
family
and
that
builds
self-esteem
(自尊)
and
sense
of
63
and
that
works
very
actively
against
someone
developing
an
eating
disorder.”
An
eating
disorders
expert,
Kirsty
Greenwood,
said
meal
times
were
often
difficult
for
sufferers.
“It's
typical
that
they
feel
very
64
of
their
eating
habits
and
often
won't
eat
with
other
people.
Perhaps
it's
because
they
haven't
65
the
importance
of
the
family
meal
in
their
growing
up,”
she
said.
A.
behaviors
B.
therapies
C.
progress
D.
development
A.
promoting
B.
surveying
C.
impressing
D.
delivering
A.
relationship
B.
terms
C.
company
D.
communication
A.
spread
B.
proposed
C.
published
D.
emerged
A.
in
terms
of
B.
because
of
C.
regardless
of
D.
in
honor
of
A.
tempt
B.
stimulate
C.
encourage
D.
attract
A.
apart
from
B.
more
than
C.
other
than
D.
rather
than
A.
turn
down
B.
turn
to
C.
turn
over
D.
turn
up
A.
available
B.
reliable
C.
reasonable
D.
responsible
A.
Similarly
B.
Consequently
C.
Clearly
D.
Regularly
A.
emphasis
B.
control
C.
response
D.
relation
A.
engaged
in
B.
confined
to
C.
connected
with
D.
based
on
A.
cost
B.
expense
C.
delight
D.
worth
A.
ashamed
B.
proud
C.
confident
D.
ignorant
A.
experienced
B.
accepted
C.
profited
D.
benefited
51---55:
ABACC
56---60:
CDBAC
61---65:
BCDAA
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
three
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
(A)
Acting
is
such
an
over-crowded
profession
that
the
only
advice
that
should
be
given
to
a
young
person
thinking
of
going
on
the
stage
is
“Don’t!”.
But
it
is
useless
to
try
to
discourage
someone
who
feels
that
he
must
act,
though
the
chances
of
his
becoming
famous
are
slim.
The
normal
way
to
begin
is
to
go
to
a
drama
school.
Usually
only
students
who
show
promise
and
talent
are
accepted,
and
the
course
lasts
two
years.
Then
the
young
actor
or
actress
takes
up
work
with
a
repertory
company,
usually
as
an
assistant
stage
manager.
This
means
doing
everything
that
there
is
to
do
in
the
theatre:
painting
scenery,
looking
after
the
furniture,
taking
care
of
the
costumes,
and
even
acting
in
very
small
parts.
It
is
very
hard
work
indeed.
The
hours
are
long
and
the
salary
is
tiny.
But
young
actors
with
the
stage
in
their
blood
are
happy,
waiting
for
the
chances
of
working
with
a
better
company,
or
perhaps
in
films
or
television.
Of
course,
some
people
have
unusual
chances
which
lead
to
fame
and
success
without
this
long
and
dull
training.
Connie
Pratt,
for
example,
was
just
an
ordinary
girl
working
in
a
bicycle
factory.
A
film
producer
happened
to
catch
sight
of
her
one
morning
waiting
at
a
bus
stop,
as
he
drove
past
in
his
big
car.
He
told
the
driver
to
stop,
and
he
got
out
to
speak
to
the
girl.
He
asked
her
if
she
would
like
to
go
to
the
film
studio
to
do
a
test,
and
at
first
she
thought
he
was
joking.
Then
she
got
angry
and
said
she
would
call
the
police.
It
took
the
producer
twenty
minutes
to
tell
Connie
that
he
was
serious.
Then
an
appointment
was
made
for
her
to
go
to
the
studio
the
next
day.
The
test
was
successful.
They
gave
her
some
necessary
lessons
and
within
a
few
weeks
she
was
playing
the
leading
part
opposite
one
of
the
most
famous
actors
of
the
day.
Of
Course,
she
was
given
a
more
dramatic
name,
which
is
now
world-famous.
But
chances
like
this
happen
once
in
a
blue
moon!
66.
According
to
the
passage,
the
main
reason
why
young
people
should
be
discouraged
from
becoming
actors
is
______.
A.
actors
are
very
unusual
people
B.
the
course
at
the
drama
school
lasts
two
years
C.
acting
is
really
a
hard
job
D.
there
are
already
too
many
actors
67.
According
to
the
context,
the
sentence
“But
young
actors
with
the
stage
in
their
blood
are
happy”
at
the
end
of
the
first
paragraph
means
______.
A.
they
don’t
care
if
their
job
is
hard
B.
they
like
the
stage
naturally
C.
they
are
born
happy
D.
they
are
easily
satisfied
68.
Connie
Pratt
soon
became
a
famous
actress
after
______.
A.
learning
some
lessons
about
the
art
of
speaking
B.
playing
her
part
in
the
“Blue
Colored
Moon”
C.
successfully
matching
the
most
famous
actors
D.
acting
a
leading
part
with
a
most
famous
actor
at
that
time
69.
The
phrase
“once
in
a
blue
moon”
in
last
line
means
______.
A.
all
at
once
B.
once
for
a
long
time
C.
once
in
a
while
D.
once
and
for
all
66~69
D
B
D
B
(B)
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LeapPad
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?68?
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built-in
video
camera
is
a
fun
way
to
play
at
being
a
film
director.?
Cons:
Some
of
the
games
are
shockingly
expensive.
And
the
power
adaptor
is
not
included.?
Best
for
teenagers?
iPad
4th
Generation,
?399-?659?
The
iPad
is
still
the
market
leader,
and
for
good
reason.
If
the
teenager
in
your
house
enjoys
playing
computer
games,
the
latest
offering
from
Apple
is
the
one
to
choose.?
Pros:
No
other
tablet
can
compete
with
the
near
one
million
‘apps’
(the
name
Apple
created
for
specially-designed
downloadable
programs)
available
for
the
iPad.?Simple
to
use,
even
for
those
who
usually
struggle
with
technology.
Cons:
Considerably
more
expensive
than
most
competitors.?
Best
for?working
parents?
Microsoft
Surface,
?399-?559?
Tablets
are
brilliant
for
leisure
—
but
what
if
you
want
to
do
a
bit
of
work?
No
tablet
can
yet
compete
with?
a
full-size
laptop
computer,
but?
this
is
the
only
tablet?
that
allows
you
to
use
Microsoft
Word,
Excel
and
Powerpoint?
(they
are
all
pre-installed
and
included
in
the
price)
and
you?
can
buy
a
pretty
lovely
mini-
keyboard
for
typing
letters
and
emails,
which
also
doubles
up
as
the
cover.
Pros:
The
Surface
is
good
for
watching
movies
—
a
bonus
when
stuck
in
the
airport
on
a
business
trip
—
and
surfing
the
internet.?
Con:
The
keyboard
is
an
expensive
add-on
—
costing
up
to
?109.
It
might
be
cheaper
to
buy
a
laptop
(though
a
tablet
is
much
smaller
and
lighter).
Best
for
bookworms?
Amazon
Kindle
Paperwhite,
?109
Nearly
all
tablets
let
you
download
books.
It's
a
great
way
to
take
a
mountainous
pile
of
hardbacks
on
holiday
without
stuffing
your
suitcase.?
But
most
tablets
have
a
shiny
screen
—
which
can
be
very
distracting
when
you're
trying
to
read.
The
Paperwhite
is
different:
its
matt
screen
and
crisp
black
lettering
imitate
the
look
of
words
on
paper
brilliantly.?And
yet
you
can
still
read
the
words
in
the
dark.?
Pros:
Easy
on
the
eye,
excellent
battery
life,
180,000
free
books
(if
you
subscribe
to
the
Amazon
Prime
customer
loyalty
service)
plus
hundreds
of
thousands
more
to
buy.?
Cons:
No
TV,
films,
games,
internet
or
camera.?
70.?The
underlined
phrase
‘stumble
across’
most
probably
means
‘___________’.
A.
meet
with???
B.
quarrel
with
??
C.
compare
with?????????
D.
compete
with
71.
Which
of
the
following
about
Surface
is
NOT
TRUE?
A.
The
keyboard
will
add
to
the
cost.
B.
The
keyboard
can
serve
as
a
cover.
C.
You
have
to
pay
extra
to
install
Microsoft
Word.
D.
You
can
watch
movies
or
surf
the
Internet
with
it.
72.
Which
sentence
is
true
about
Ipad
4th
Generation?
A.
It’s
designed
mainly
for
bookworms.
B.
It’s
very
complicated
to
use.
C.
It
has
numerous
downloadable
programs
available.
D.
It’s
a
relatively
inexpensive
electronic
device
73.
If
you
are
a
game
lover,
which
tablet
is
least
likely
to
be
your
choice?
A.
LeapPad
Explorer
2.
B.
iPad
4th
generation.
C.
Microsoft
Surface.
D.
Amazon
Kindle
Paperwhite.
70~73.A
C
C
D
(C)
The
gift
of
being
able
to
describe
a
face
accurately
is
a
rare
one,
as
every
experienced
police
officer
knows
to
his
cost.
As
the
Lancet
put
it
recently,
“When
we
try
to
describe
faces
precisely,
words
fail
us,
and
we
resort
to
identikit
(拼脸型图)
procedures.”
Yet,
according
to
one
authority
on
the
subject,
we
can
each
probably
recognize
more
than
1,000
faces,
the
majority
of
which
differ
in
fine
details.
This,
when
one
comes
to
think
of
it,
is
a
tremendous
feat,
though,
curiously
enough,
relatively
little
attention
has
been
devoted
to
the
fundamental
problems
of
how
and
why
we
acquire
this
gift
for
recognizing
and
remembering
faces.
Is
it
an
inborn
property
of
our
brains,
or
an
acquired
one?
As
so
often
happens,
the
experts
tend
to
differ.
Thus,
some
argue
that
it
is
inborn,
and
that
there
are
“special
characteristics
about
the
brain’s
ability
to
distinguish
faces”.
In
support
of
this,
they
note
how
much
better
we
are
at
recognizing
a
face
after
a
single
encounter
than
we
are,
for
example,
in
recognizing
an
individual
horse.
On
the
other
hand,
there
are
those,
and
they
are
probably
in
the
majority,
who
claim
that
the
gift
is
an
acquired
one.
The
arguments
in
favor
of
this
latter
view,
it
must
be
confessed,
are
impressive.
It
is
a
habit
that
is
acquired
soon
after
birth.
Watch,
for
instance,
how
a
quite
young
baby
recognizes
his
mother
by
sight.
Granted
that
his
other
senses
help
–
the
sound,
his
sense
of
smell,
the
distinctive
way
she
handles
him.
But
of
all
these,
sight
is
predominant.
Formed
at
the
very
beginning
of
life,
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
quickly
becomes
an
established
habit,
and
one
that
is,
essential
for
daily
living,
if
not
necessarily
for
survival.
How
essential
and
valuable
it
is
we
probably
do
not
appreciate
until
we
encounter
people
who
have
been
deprived
of
the
faculty.
This
unfortunate
inability
to
recognize
familiar
faces
is
known
to
all,
but
such
people
can
often
recognize
individuals
by
their
voices,
their
walking
manners
or
their
spectacles.
With
typical
human
ingenuity,
many
of
these
unfortunate
people
overcome
their
handicap
by
recognizing
other
characteristic
features.
74.
It
is
stated
in
the
passage
that
______.
A.
it
is
unusual
for
a
person
to
be
able
to
identify
a
face
satisfactorily
B.
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
unhesitatingly
is
an
unusual
gift
C.
quite
a
few
people
can
visualize
faces
they
have
seen
D.
few
people
can
give
exact
details
of
the
appearance
of
a
face
75.
What
the
author
feels
strange
about
is
that
_______.
A.
people
have
the
tremendous
ability
to
recognize
more
than
1,000
faces
B.
people
don’t
think
much
of
the
problem
of
how
and
why
we
acquire
the
ability
to
recognize
and
remember
faces
C.
people
don’t
realize
how
essential
and
valuable
it
is
for
them
to
have
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
D.
people
have
been
arguing
much
over
the
way
people
recognize
and
remember
faces
76.
What
is
the
first
suggested
explanation
of
the
origin
of
the
ability?
A.
It
is
one
of
the
characteristics
peculiar
to
human
beings.
B.
It
is
acquired
soon
after
birth.
C.
It
is
something
we
can
do
from
the
very
moment
we
are
born.
D.
It
is
learned
from
our
environment
and
experiences.
77.
This
passage
seems
to
emphasize
that
______.
A.
the
ability
to
recognize
individuals
is
dependent
on
other
senses
as
well
as
sight
B.
sight
is
indispensable
(必需的)
to
recognizing
individuals
C.
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
is
a
special
inborn
ability
of
the
brain
D.
the
importance
of
the
ability
of
recognizing
faces
is
fully
appreciated
by
people.
74~77.D
B
C
A
Section
C
Translation：（注意使用动名词）
1.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2.今天去没有用,
他不会在家。
3.你写完作文了吗?
4.请原谅我来晚了。
5.他不声不响地走了进来。
6.他走进来了,
没有被看见。
7．你擦一下窗好吗？（mind
）（08上海春考）
8．和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。(enable)
（07上海春考）
9.
躺在草地上听音乐真是惬意。(It…)
(06上海春考)
10.
多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。(good)
（05上海高考）
答案：（only
for
reference）
1.
My
favourite
sport
is
swimming.
2.
It’s
no
use
going
there
today.
He
won't
be
in/can't
be
in.
3.
Have
you
finished
writing
your
composition?
4.
Excuse
me
for
being/coming
late.
5.
He
entered
the
room
without
making
any
noise.
6.
He
entered
the
room
without
being
seen.
7.
Do
you
mind
/Would
you
mind
cleaning
the
window?
8.
Working
with
gardeners
enables
us
to
learn
a
lot
of
knowledge
about
flowers.
9.
It
is
pleasant
lying
on
the
grass
and
enjoying
the
music.
10.
Eating
/
Having
more
vegetable
and
fruits
/
fruit
does
good
to/
is
good
for
one’s
health.
21世纪教育网
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
Unit
Five单元复习+非谓语动词之动名词
)
?Unit
Five
语言点复习
1.
play
games
打游戏
2.
be
used
for
用来做......用
3.
advances
in
technology
科技的发展
4.
VR
(virtual
reality)
虚拟现实
5.
put
on
the
headset
带上听筒
5.
enter
a
different
world
进入不同的世界
6.
reach
out
伸出
7.
in
the
artificial
world
在这个虚拟的世界里
8.
enable
sb.to
do
sth.
使某人能够做某事
9.
distinguish
…
from…区别
10.be
thrilled
to
do
sth.高兴做某事
11.concerned
critics
有关的评论家
12.
commit
crimes
犯罪
13.get
used
to
（doing）sth
习惯做某事
14.
return
to
reality
回到现实
15.
on
the
other
hand
另一方面来说
16.
on
the
one
hand
一方面来说
17.
improve
the
world
改善世界
18.experiment
harmlessly
无害实验
19.
face
sth.面临
be
faced
with
sth.
面临
20.for
sure
无疑?
肯定
without
doubt肯定?
无疑
21.get
ready
to
准备做
22.step
into
another
world
进入另一个世界
24.
MP3
players
MP3播放器
25.
take…by
storm
强烈感染
26.
essential
differences本质的区别
be
essential
to
sb.某人所必需的
27.
make
a
statement
作陈述
28.
create
an
effect
产生效果
29.
make
it
to
some
place
赶到某地make
it
成功
30.
metal
金属
n.mental
精神的
adj.
32.
be
available
可用的?
可以得到的
33.
be
stored
in
储存
34.
take
your
favorite
music
带上你最喜欢的音乐
35.bar
chart
柱形图
条线图
pie
chart
饼形图
36.
compared
with
one
year
ago
和一年前相比
37.
descriptive
words
描述性话语
38.
in
complete
safety
处于完全安全状态
39.
be
educational
有教育意义的
40.
in
difficult
conditions
在困难的状态下
41.
before
long
不久以后long
before
很久以前
42.
everyday
clothing
日常穿着
43.
electric
sunglasses
电子太阳镜
44.
point
us
in
the
direction
给我们指出方向
45.
monitor
an
examination监考
46.
certain
foods
某种食物
47.
stay
healthy
保持健康
48.
problem
with
clothes
衣服方面的问题
49.
remove
one's
shoes
[coat]脱鞋[上衣]
remove
the
cloth
from
the
table把桌上的桌布拿走
50.solve
the
problem
解决问题
51.
wear
electronic
clothes
穿电子衣
52.
perform
well
at
school
在校表现好
53.
currently现在?
如今
at
present现在?
如今nowadays
现在?
如今
Unit
5重点单词词组复习
单词
词性
中文含义
衍生词
virtual
adj.
虚拟的
reality
n.
现实
adj.
real
v.
realize
magic
n.
魔法，魔术
a.
magical
artificial
adj.
人造的，虚伪的
近义词man-made
image
n.
形象
data
n.
(pl.)
数据
(sing.
)
datum
data
base
数据库
distinguish
v.
区别，辨认
adj.
distinguished
著名的
entertainment
n.
娱乐，招待
v.
entertain
a.
entertaining
delighted
adj.
愉悦的，高兴的
vt.&.
n.
delight
observe
vt.
观察，遵守
n.
observation
adj.-
observant
thrilled
adj.
兴奋的，激动的
vt.
&.
n.
thrill
adj.
thrilling
manufacture
v.
n.
制造，加工
n.
manufacturer
metal
n.
金属
architect
n.
建筑师
n.
architecture
inspect
v.
检查，检阅，视察
n.
inspection
inspector
construct
v.
建造
n.
construction
concerned
adj.
担心的，忧虑的
concerning有关的
critic
n.
评论家
n.
criticism
vt.
criticize
medium
n.
adj.
媒体，媒介适中的，中等的
(pl.)
media
commit
vt.
犯罪
n.
commitment
crime
n.
罪行
n.
criminal
experiment
n.
v.
实验，试验
harmless
adj.
无害的
反义词harmful
adj.
harm
v.n.
动名词用法
（一）形式
动名词，顾名思义，具有双重作用：它既有动词的作用（后面可加自己的宾语），又有名词的作用（可以做句子的主语、宾语等）。
时态
语态
主动
被动
一般式
doing
being
done
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
1.一般式
Working
in
these
conditions
is
not
a
pleasure
but
a
suffer.
2.
完成式
如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,
通常用动名的完成形式.
He
didn’t
mention
having
met
me.
I
regret
not
having
taken
her
advice.
在某些动词后(或成语中),
常用(或可以用)动名词的一般形式,
尽管动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的.
Excuse
me
for
coming
late.
I
don’t
remember
ever
seeing
him
anywhere.
3.被动式
当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时,
动名词一般要用被动形式.
His
being
neglected
by
the
host
added
to
his
uneasiness.
He
couldn’t
bear
being
made
fun
of
like
that.
但要注意,
在want,
need,
deserve,
require
等动词后,
尽管表示的是被动的意思,
却用动名词的主动形式.
The
point
deserves
mentioning.
This
problem
requires
studying
with
great
care.
在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样.
Her
method
is
worth
trying.
4.
完成被动式
如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生,
有时需要用动名词的完成被动式.
I
don’t
remember
having
ever
been
given
a
chance
to
try
this
method.
但在多数情况下都避免使用这一形式,
而用一般被动形式代替,
以免句子显得累赘.
5.动名词的否定形式
动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词
【例】She
apologized
for
her
not
being
able
to
attend
the
party.
not
+
doing的动名词否定形式，her为该动名词的逻辑主语。
（二）句法功能
1.作主语:
Working
in
these
conditions
is
not
a
pleasure
but
a
suffer.
动名词作主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如：It
is
no
use/no
good
crying
over
spilt
milk.
洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。
It
was
hard
getting
on
the
crowded
street
car.
上这种拥挤的车真难。
It
is
fun
playing
with
children.
和孩子们一起玩真好。
There
is
no
joking
about
such
matters.
对这种事情不是开玩笑。
2.作宾语
（1）及物动词的宾语
You
mustn’t
delay
sending
the
tractors
over.
（2）介词的宾语
凡是动词+介词、名词+介词或形容词+介词形成的词组，都要求接动名词做宾语，因为所有介词后的动词都要使用动名词形式。
【例】He
gives
people
the
impressionof
having
spend
all
his
life
abroad.
全句的意思是“他给人的印象是他的一生都在国外度过”。这是名词＋介词＋动名词（短语）的形式。
3.作表语:
The
real
problem
is
getting
to
know
the
needs
of
the
people.
（三）动名词的复合结构（重要考点）
前面带有代词或名词的动名词结构:
一个动名词前面可以加一个物主代词(或名词的所有格结构),
来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语
Their
coming
to
help
was
a
great
encouragement
to
us.
Do
you
mind
my
reading
your
paper?
They
insisted
on
my
staying
there
for
supper.
如果不是在句子开头,
这个结构常常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词宾格),
这比用所有格更自然一些.
I
don’t
mind
him
going.
She
hates
people
losing
their
temper.
【例1】The
girl's
being
educated
in
an
atmosphere
of
simple
living
was
what
her
parents
wished
for.
全句意思是：让孩子在简朴的生活环境中接受教育中她父母所希望的。
【例2】Although
punctual
himself,
the
professor
was
quite
used
to
student's
being
late
for
his
lecture.
句意：尽管教授很准时，但他对学生迟到已经习惯了。当这一结构不处于句首时，逻辑主语用名词的普通格式或代词宾语更自然些。
（四）只能接动名词的动词、词组、习惯搭配、句型
1.后接动名词的动词
有些动词只能接动名词做宾语，而不能接不定式。这是考试中常见的考点。请大家务必多练多用多读多说，尽量培养语感，这比单纯死记硬背这些枯燥的词汇要容易得多。
这些动词是：acknowledge,
advice,
admit,
anticipate,
appreciate,
avoid,
allow,
bear,
can't
help,
cease,
commence,
complete,
confess,
delay,
deny,
discourage,
detest,
dread,
endure,
enjoy,
envy,
escape,
excuse,
fancy,
favor,
figure,
finish,
imagine,
involve,
justify,
keep,
mind,
miss,
permit,
postpone,
practice,
quit,
recall,
repent,
require,
resent,
resume,
risk,
save等等。
【例1】Mark
often
attempts
to
escape
being
fined
whenever
he
breaks
traffic
regulations.
动词escape后接动名词，fine“罚款”是及物动词、要用被动语态；而且，句子讲的是经常性动作，应当用一般时态。
【例2】People
appreciate
working
with
him
because
he
has
a
good
sense
of
humor.
全句的意思是：因为他很有幽默感，所以大家喜欢和他一起工作。根据句意，动名词动作与句子谓语动作并无时间上的先后，必须用动名词一般时态。
2.后接动名词的词组
（1）动名词作介词宾语常用在某些含有介词的词组后面,
常见的有:
insist
on,
persist
in,
think
of,
dream
of,
suspect…of,
accuse…of,
charge…with,
hear
of,
approve
of,
prevent…from,
keep…from,
stop…from,
refrain
from,
be
engaged
in,
depend
on,
thank…for,
feel
like,
excuse…for,
aim
at,
set
about等.
（2）特别注意：某些充当介词的to的动词词组、名词词组、形容词词组等后接动名词
approach
to（方法），admit
to（承认），
contribute
to（起作用），confess
to（承认），resort
to（求助于），reconcile
to（顺从于），revert
to（重新开始），submit
to（忍受），swear
to（断言），take
to
（开始从事），be
used
to（习惯于），look
forward
to（盼望），oppose
to
（反对），see
to(负责，注意)，devote…to(把···献给，投入于)等中的to都是介词而不是不定式符号。
【例1】The
match
was
cancelled
because
most
of
the
members
objected
to
having
a
match
without
a
standard
court.
object在这里是不及物动词，后面的to是介词，在接名词或动名词做宾语。
【例2】The
traditional
approach
to
dealing
with
complex
problem
is
to
break
them
down
into
smaller,
more
easily
managed
problems.
approach后面的to是介词，句意：解决复杂问题的传统方法是把他们分解为更小的、更容易处理的问题。
3.习惯搭配
be
busy
doing
sth.,
be
no
good
doing
sth.,
spend
some
time/money
doing
sth.,
have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.,
have
a
hard
time
(in)
doing
sth.,
have
trouble
/
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth，can’t
help,
can’t
stand,
give
up,
feel
like,
put
off都是惯用搭配，其后动名词不能换成to不定式。
【例】Jean
did
not
have
time
to
go
to
the
concert
last
night
because
she
was
busy
being
prepared
for
her
examination.
4.
句型
1）满足句型“it
is
+名词或形容词+动名词”和句型“动词+
it
+形容词或名词+动名词”的形容词和名词有：good,
no
good,
nuisance,
no
use,
senseless,
use,
useless,
waste,
worthwhile。
例：Do
you
think
it
worthwhile
investing
a
large
sum
of
money
in
this
project?（你认为向该项目大量投资值得吗？）
2)
It
is
+
no
use,
no
good
(fun,
a
great
pleasure,
a
waste
of
time,
a
bore...)等名词+doing
sth.?
It
is
no
use
crying.哭没有用。
It
is
a
great
fun
playing
football．打篮球很有趣。?
3)
It
is
+
useless
(nice,
good，interesting,
expensive等形容词)+
doing
sth．?
It
is
nice
seeing
you
again．真高兴又遇到了你。?
It
is
good
playing
chess
after
supper．晚饭后弈棋挺好。?
It
is
expensive
running
this
car．开这种小车是浪费。
（五）既可用动名词,
也可用不定式作宾语的动词
1.
有时两种结构之间意义差别不大,
有时却有不同的意思。
try
to
do努力、企图做某事
try
doing试验、试一试某种办法
mean
to
do打算，有意要…
mean
doing意味着
go
on
to
do
继而（去做另外一件事情）
go
on
doing
继续（原先没有做完的事情）
propose
to
do
打算（要做某事）
proposing
doing建议（做某事）
【例】If
I
had
remembered
to
close
the
window,
the
thief
would
not
have
got
in.
本句的意思是："我要是记得把窗子关起来的话，小偷就进不来了。"remember后接动名词表示记得过去曾做过某事，接不定式则表示记得要做某事。本句说的是："记得把窗子关起来"。注意remember后面不能用动词不定式的完成式。
2．dislike,
hate,
like,
love,
prefer
这些词加动名词时，表示喜欢或讨厌一般性、习惯性或发生过的某事、某物；加不定式时，表示喜欢或讨厌的、偶然一次的、打算做的某事、某物。prefer的用法稍微复杂一点，它后面加不定式还是加动名词通常是由它的固定结构或习惯用法决定的。常见的结构是：would
prefer
+
to
do（更想做某事）;
prefer
doing
A
to
doing
B（比起做B来说，更喜欢做A。注意：这里的比较使用的不是than，而是to）。
【例】Mr.
Johnson
preferred
to
be
given
heavier
work
to
do.
全句意思应是：“约翰逊先生宁可有（被给予）更重的活干”。可见，答案是A)
to
be
given。
deserve,
need,
require,
want
这几个词的共同特点是：它们后面既可加不定式，也可加动名词，意义相同。但是，表示被动时，
动名词依然使用主动形式，不定式则变成被动形式。
【例】Your
hair
wants
cutting.
You'd
better
have
it
done
tomorrow.
句中的want等于need，是一种口语习惯用法，后面接动名词主动形式表被动。
高考高频词汇精选背诵（J/K/L字母）
jam
kneel
leisure
loose
jealous
knock
licence
likewise
joint
luxury
label
legend
journal
lag
landscape
logical
justice
launch
literature
liable
justify
laundry
load
leaflet
jury
leak
loan
liberate
knot
lean
lawn
literacy
keen
leap
loss
literal
kidnap
layout
lavatory
loyalty
单句语法填空（注意动名词用法）
1.
_____
is
a
good
form
of
exercise
for
both
young
and
old.
(walk)
2.
I
can't
understand
your
_______
at
that
poor
child.
(laugh)
3.
With
the
boy
leading
the
way,
we
had
no
difficulty
______
his
house.
(find)
4.
To
make
a
living,
he
tried
writing,
_______,
and
various
other
things,
but
he
had
failed
in
all.
(
paint)
5.
She
prided
herself
on
_______to
work
in
Beijing.
(send)
6.
She
was
praised
for
_______
the
life
of
the
child.
(save)
7.
She
ought
to
be
praised
instead
of
_______.
(criticize).
8.
Is
there
any
possibility
of
our
_______
the
championship?
(win)
9.
He
came
to
the
party
without
_______.
(invite)
10.
There
is
no
____
what
will
happen
in
the
future.
(know)
11.
I’ll
never
forget
____
the
musical
comedy
in
New
York.
(see)
12.I
remember
____
to
Beijing
when
I
was
a
child.
(take)
13.
He
paused
and
went
on
_____
the
text
to
us.
(explain)
14.On
_____
the
news,
she
couldn’t
help
crying.
(hear)
15.
While
shopping,
people
sometimes
can’t
help
_____
into
buying
something
they
don’t
really
need.
(persuade)
高考核心词汇检测
Have
you
attached
labels
to
the__________?
A.
lavatory
B.
laundry
C.
luxury
D.
luggage
The
________
was
very
strict
in
their
work
in
the
library.
A.
journalist
B.
interviewer
C.
librarian
D.
lecturer
Cigarette
smoking
has
been
associated
with_________
cancer.
A.
liver
B.
lip
C.
knee
D.
lung
He
inserted
the
key
in
the
__________
and
opened
the
door.?
locker
B.
lock
C.
log
D.
lorry
Some
ants
have
extra
powerful
___________.
A.
jazz
B.
kettles
C.
idioms
D.
jaws
The
product
was
_________
"Made
in
China."
A.
lengthened
B.
labeled
C.
listed
D.
loaded
Our
house
is
being
_________
to
make
way
for
a
new
road.
A.
kicked
off
B.
lived
up
to
C.
let
out
D.
knocked
down
She
wore
so
much
____________
that
she
seemed
to
be
covered
in
gold.
jeans
B.
jewelry
C.
junior
D.
justice
She
will
________
a
campaign
for
a
charity
that
helps
people
suffering
from
diseases.
launch
B.
lag
C.
leak
D.
loose
He'd
always
been
such
a__________
friend
to
us
all.
logical
B.
loyal
C.
leisure
D.
legal
Our
honeymoon
was
two
days
in
Las
Vegas
at
a
_________
hotel.
liberated
B.
joint
C.
luxurious
D.liable
These
troubles
came
along
all
at
the
same
time
that
I
was
at
a
/an_______
what
to
do.
loss
B.
knot
C.
loan
D.
load
We'll
always
________
our
actions
with
noble
sounding
theories
kidnap
B.justify
C.
leak
D.
lean
You
are
more
________
to
injury
if
you
exercise
infrequently.
jealous
B.
likewise
C.liable
D.
literal
The
_________
of
the
pictorial
should
be
clear
and
easy
on
the
eye.
landscape
B.literature
C.legend
D.
layout
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
(A)
Madonna：Singer/actress,
born
Michigan,
USA,
1959
Originally
a
dancer,
she
had
her
first
popular
record
‘Holiday’
in
1983.
In
1985
she
began
her
film
career
and
also
married
actor
Sean
Penn,
but
(25)____
marriage
lasted
less
than
four
years.
Her
‘Blond
Ambition
Tour’
in
1990
with
special
clothes(26)____(design)
by
Jean
Paul
Gaultier
caused
much
conflict.
Her
career
took
a
more
respectable
direction,
however,
(27)____
the
birth
of
her
first
child,
Lourdes,
in
1997,
and
her
performance
in
the
title
role
of
Evita.
Pelé：footballer,
born
Edson
Arantes
do
Nascimento,
Tres
Coracoes,
Brazil,
1940
Considered
by
many
to
be
the
greatest
footballer
of
all
time,
he
became
a
world
star
at
the
age
of
only
seventeen,
(28)____
Brazil
first
won
the
World
Cup
in
Sweden.
Perhaps
his
(29)____(great)
success
in
his
life
was
to
win
the
third
World
Cup
in
Mexico
in
1970.
He
played
in
four
World
Cup
competitions,
and
scored
over
1,200
goals
in
his
career
before
finally
(30)____(retire)
in
1977.
He
(31)____(appoint)
Brazilian
Special
Minister
for
Sport
in
1994.
Steffi
Graf：tennis
player,
born
Neckerau,
Germany,
1969
(31)____
Graf
turned
professional
at
the
age
of
thirteen,
she
won
her
first
major
tournament
in
1986
and
became
the
world’s
number
one
a
year
later.
In
1988
she
became
the
first
woman
since
1970
(33)____
(gain)‘The
Grand
Slam’
(Wimbledon,
the
US,
Australian
and
French
Open
tournaments).
She
(34)____(win)
over
100
titles
in
her
career
and
earned
up
to
$20
million.
25.
the
/her
26.
designed
27.
with
28.
when
29.
greatest
30.retiring
31.was
appointed
32.After
33.
to
gain
34.
has
won
Section
B
(
A.
depression
B.
ignore
C.
popularity
D.
fashionable
E.
unwise
F.
establish
G.
odd
H.
residence
I.
embarrassment
J
c
arefully
K.
depressed
)
How
we
look
and
how
we
appear
to
others
probably
worry
us
more
when
we
are
in
our
teens
or
early
twenties
than
at
any
other
time
in
our
life.
Few
of
us
are
content
to
accept
ourselves
as
we
are,
and
few
are
brave
enough
to
___(41)___
the
trends
of
fashion.
Most
fashion
magazines
or
TV
advertisements
try
to
persuade
us
that
we
should
dress
in
a
certain
way
or
behave
in
a
certain
manner.
If
we
do,
they
tell
us,
we
will
be
able
to
meet
new
people
with
confidence
and
deal
with
every
situation
without
___(42)___.
Changing
fashion,
of
course,
does
not
apply
just
to
dress.
A
barber
today
does
not
cut
a
boy's
hair
in
the
same
way
as
he
used
to,
and
girls
do
not
make
up
in
the
same
way
as
their
mothers
and
grandmothers
did.
The
advertisers
show
us
the
latest
___(43)___
styles
and
we
are
constantly
under
pressure
to
follow
the
fashion
in
case
our
friends
think
we
are
___(44)___
or
dull.
What
causes
fashions
to
change?
Sometimes
convenience
or
practical
necessity
or
just
the
fancy
of
an
influential
person
can
___(45)___
a
fashion.
Take
hats,
for
example.
In
cold
climates,
early
buildings
were
cold
inside,
so
people
wore
hats
indoors
as
well
as
outside.
In
recent
times,
the
late
President
Kennedy
caused
a(n)
___(46)___
in
the
American
hat
industry
by
not
wearing
hats:
more
American
men
followed
his
example.
Today,
society
is
much
freer
and
easier
than
it
used
to
be.
It
is
no
longer
necessary
to
dress
like
everyone
else.
Within
reason,
you
can
dress
as
you
like
or
do
your
hair
the
way
you
like
instead
of
the
way
you
should
because
it
is
the
fashion.
The
___(47)___
of
jeans
and
the
"untidy"
look
seems
to
be
a
reaction
against
the
increasingly
expensive
fashions
of
the
top
fashion
houses.
At
the
same
time,
appearance
is
still
important
in
certain
circumstances
and
then
we
must
choose
our
clothes
___(48)___.
It
would
be
foolish
to
go
to
an
interview
for
a
job
in
a
law
firm
wearing
jeans
and
a
sweater;
and
it
would
be
___(49)___
to
visit
some
distinguished
scholar
looking
as
if
we
were
going
to
the
beach
or
a
night
club.
However,
you
need
never
feel
___(50)___
if
you
don't
look
like
the
latest
fashion
photo.
Look
around
you
and
you'll
see
that
no
one
else
does
either!
Translation
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
我们有必要在出发前制定一份计划（It）
2、有些中学生为了“摆谱儿”，
一个月就换一部手机。（show）
3．这些历经时间考验的经典作品总能开拓读者的视野。(stand)
4.
为了按时完成任务，志愿者们正竭尽全力把复杂的问题简单化。(simplify)
5.
“中国好声音”迷倒了许多年轻人，它也是中国最受观众喜爱的娱乐节目之一。(
fascinate）
Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Girls
that
eat
with
their
families
are
less
likely
to
develop
eating
disorders,
a
study
says.
New
research
shows
girls
who
regularly
have
family
meals
are
much
less
likely
to
adopt
extreme
weight
control
51
such
as
vomiting
(呕吐),
using
laxatives
(泻药)
or
diet
pills.
A
study
52
more
than
2500
American
high
school
students
found
that
girls
who
ate
five
or
more
family
meals
a
week
had
a
much
healthier
53
with
food
in
later
life.
The
research,
54
in
international
magazine
Archives
of
Pediatrics
and
Adolescent
Medicine,
polled
students
aged
13
to
17
in
1999
who
were
followed
up
five
years
later.
Regular
family
meals
were
found
to
have
a
protective
effect
55
the
girls’
age,
weight,
socio-economic
status,
dieting
habits
or
relationship
with
her
family.
Experts
say
doctors
should
56
families
to
have
dinner
at
the
table
57
on
the
couch
in
front
of
the
television
to
keep
away
from
serious
eating
disorders.
Belinda
Dalton,
director
of
eating
disorders
clinic
The
Oak
House,
said
eating
with
family
helped
“normalize”
young
people's
relationship
with
food.
“When
the
young
are
feeling
that
they're
not
treated
properly
or
when
they
are
feeling
completely
depressed,
they
58
____
something
that
they
can
control
and
food
is
something
59
and
accessible
for
them
to
control.
60
,
if
they're
sitting
with
their
family
on
a
regular
basis
then
their
family
can
be
more
in
61
of
their
eating,”
Ms
Dalton
said.
“It's
about
young
people
feeling
62
their
family
and
that
builds
self-esteem
(自尊)
and
sense
of
63
and
that
works
very
actively
against
someone
developing
an
eating
disorder.”
An
eating
disorders
expert,
Kirsty
Greenwood,
said
meal
times
were
often
difficult
for
sufferers.
“It's
typical
that
they
feel
very
64
of
their
eating
habits
and
often
won't
eat
with
other
people.
Perhaps
it's
because
they
haven't
65
the
importance
of
the
family
meal
in
their
growing
up,”
she
said.
A.
behaviors
B.
therapies
C.
progress
D.
development
A.
promoting
B.
surveying
C.
impressing
D.
delivering
A.
relationship
B.
terms
C.
company
D.
communication
A.
spread
B.
proposed
C.
published
D.
emerged
A.
in
terms
of
B.
because
of
C.
regardless
of
D.
in
honor
of
A.
tempt
B.
stimulate
C.
encourage
D.
attract
A.
apart
from
B.
more
than
C.
other
than
D.
rather
than
A.
turn
down
B.
turn
to
C.
turn
over
D.
turn
up
A.
available
B.
reliable
C.
reasonable
D.
responsible
A.
Similarly
B.
Consequently
C.
Clearly
D.
Regularly
A.
emphasis
B.
control
C.
response
D.
relation
A.
engaged
in
B.
confined
to
C.
connected
with
D.
based
on
A.
cost
B.
expense
C.
delight
D.
worth
A.
ashamed
B.
proud
C.
confident
D.
ignorant
A.
experienced
B.
accepted
C.
profited
D.
benefited
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
three
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
(A)
Acting
is
such
an
over-crowded
profession
that
the
only
advice
that
should
be
given
to
a
young
person
thinking
of
going
on
the
stage
is
“Don’t!”.
But
it
is
useless
to
try
to
discourage
someone
who
feels
that
he
must
act,
though
the
chances
of
his
becoming
famous
are
slim.
The
normal
way
to
begin
is
to
go
to
a
drama
school.
Usually
only
students
who
show
promise
and
talent
are
accepted,
and
the
course
lasts
two
years.
Then
the
young
actor
or
actress
takes
up
work
with
a
repertory
company,
usually
as
an
assistant
stage
manager.
This
means
doing
everything
that
there
is
to
do
in
the
theatre:
painting
scenery,
looking
after
the
furniture,
taking
care
of
the
costumes,
and
even
acting
in
very
small
parts.
It
is
very
hard
work
indeed.
The
hours
are
long
and
the
salary
is
tiny.
But
young
actors
with
the
stage
in
their
blood
are
happy,
waiting
for
the
chances
of
working
with
a
better
company,
or
perhaps
in
films
or
television.
Of
course,
some
people
have
unusual
chances
which
lead
to
fame
and
success
without
this
long
and
dull
training.
Connie
Pratt,
for
example,
was
just
an
ordinary
girl
working
in
a
bicycle
factory.
A
film
producer
happened
to
catch
sight
of
her
one
morning
waiting
at
a
bus
stop,
as
he
drove
past
in
his
big
car.
He
told
the
driver
to
stop,
and
he
got
out
to
speak
to
the
girl.
He
asked
her
if
she
would
like
to
go
to
the
film
studio
to
do
a
test,
and
at
first
she
thought
he
was
joking.
Then
she
got
angry
and
said
she
would
call
the
police.
It
took
the
producer
twenty
minutes
to
tell
Connie
that
he
was
serious.
Then
an
appointment
was
made
for
her
to
go
to
the
studio
the
next
day.
The
test
was
successful.
They
gave
her
some
necessary
lessons
and
within
a
few
weeks
she
was
playing
the
leading
part
opposite
one
of
the
most
famous
actors
of
the
day.
Of
Course,
she
was
given
a
more
dramatic
name,
which
is
now
world-famous.
But
chances
like
this
happen
once
in
a
blue
moon!
66.
According
to
the
passage,
the
main
reason
why
young
people
should
be
discouraged
from
becoming
actors
is
______.
A.
actors
are
very
unusual
people
B.
the
course
at
the
drama
school
lasts
two
years
C.
acting
is
really
a
hard
job
D.
there
are
already
too
many
actors
67.
According
to
the
context,
the
sentence
“But
young
actors
with
the
stage
in
their
blood
are
happy”
at
the
end
of
the
first
paragraph
means
______.
A.
they
don’t
care
if
their
job
is
hard
B.
they
like
the
stage
naturally
C.
they
are
born
happy
D.
they
are
easily
satisfied
68.
Connie
Pratt
soon
became
a
famous
actress
after
______.
A.
learning
some
lessons
about
the
art
of
speaking
B.
playing
her
part
in
the
“Blue
Colored
Moon”
C.
successfully
matching
the
most
famous
actors
D.
acting
a
leading
part
with
a
most
famous
actor
at
that
time
69.
The
phrase
“once
in
a
blue
moon”
in
last
line
means
______.
A.
all
at
once
B.
once
for
a
long
time
C.
once
in
a
while
D.
once
and
for
all
(B)
Which
tablet
computer
should
YOU
be
buying:
They
are
this
year's
must
have...
and
there's
a
style
to
suit
everyone？
Best
for
young
children?
LeapPad
Explorer
2,
?68?
Aimed
at
children
between
three
and
nine
(though
a
nine-year-old
might
find
it
a
little
simple),
it
comes
in
pink
or
blue
and
with
five
built-in
education
games
(you
can
buy
more).
Besides,
the
LeapPad
does
not
allow
access
to
the
internet
—
so
it
is
impossible
for
your
child
to
stumble
across
anything
inappropriate.?
Pros:
The
education
games
are
well-designed,
the
built-in
video
camera
is
a
fun
way
to
play
at
being
a
film
director.?
Cons:
Some
of
the
games
are
shockingly
expensive.
And
the
power
adaptor
is
not
included.?
Best
for
teenagers?
iPad
4th
Generation,
?399-?659?
The
iPad
is
still
the
market
leader,
and
for
good
reason.
If
the
teenager
in
your
house
enjoys
playing
computer
games,
the
latest
offering
from
Apple
is
the
one
to
choose.?
Pros:
No
other
tablet
can
compete
with
the
near
one
million
‘apps’
(the
name
Apple
created
for
specially-designed
downloadable
programs)
available
for
the
iPad.?Simple
to
use,
even
for
those
who
usually
struggle
with
technology.
Cons:
Considerably
more
expensive
than
most
competitors.?
Best
for?working
parents?
Microsoft
Surface,
?399-?559?
Tablets
are
brilliant
for
leisure
—
but
what
if
you
want
to
do
a
bit
of
work?
No
tablet
can
yet
compete
with?
a
full-size
laptop
computer,
but?
this
is
the
only
tablet?
that
allows
you
to
use
Microsoft
Word,
Excel
and
Powerpoint?
(they
are
all
pre-installed
and
included
in
the
price)
and
you?
can
buy
a
pretty
lovely
mini-
keyboard
for
typing
letters
and
emails,
which
also
doubles
up
as
the
cover.
Pros:
The
Surface
is
good
for
watching
movies
—
a
bonus
when
stuck
in
the
airport
on
a
business
trip
—
and
surfing
the
internet.?
Con:
The
keyboard
is
an
expensive
add-on
—
costing
up
to
?109.
It
might
be
cheaper
to
buy
a
laptop
(though
a
tablet
is
much
smaller
and
lighter).
Best
for
bookworms?
Amazon
Kindle
Paperwhite,
?109
Nearly
all
tablets
let
you
download
books.
It's
a
great
way
to
take
a
mountainous
pile
of
hardbacks
on
holiday
without
stuffing
your
suitcase.?
But
most
tablets
have
a
shiny
screen
—
which
can
be
very
distracting
when
you're
trying
to
read.
The
Paperwhite
is
different:
its
matt
screen
and
crisp
black
lettering
imitate
the
look
of
words
on
paper
brilliantly.?And
yet
you
can
still
read
the
words
in
the
dark.?
Pros:
Easy
on
the
eye,
excellent
battery
life,
180,000
free
books
(if
you
subscribe
to
the
Amazon
Prime
customer
loyalty
service)
plus
hundreds
of
thousands
more
to
buy.?
Cons:
No
TV,
films,
games,
internet
or
camera.?
70.?The
underlined
phrase
‘stumble
across’
most
probably
means
‘___________’.
A.
meet
with???
B.
quarrel
with
??
C.
compare
with?????????
D.
compete
with
71.
Which
of
the
following
about
Surface
is
NOT
TRUE?
A.
The
keyboard
will
add
to
the
cost.
B.
The
keyboard
can
serve
as
a
cover.
C.
You
have
to
pay
extra
to
install
Microsoft
Word.
D.
You
can
watch
movies
or
surf
the
Internet
with
it.
72.
Which
sentence
is
true
about
Ipad
4th
Generation?
A.
It’s
designed
mainly
for
bookworms.
B.
It’s
very
complicated
to
use.
C.
It
has
numerous
downloadable
programs
available.
D.
It’s
a
relatively
inexpensive
electronic
device
73.
If
you
are
a
game
lover,
which
tablet
is
least
likely
to
be
your
choice?
A.
LeapPad
Explorer
2.
B.
iPad
4th
generation.
C.
Microsoft
Surface.
D.
Amazon
Kindle
Paperwhite.
(C)
The
gift
of
being
able
to
describe
a
face
accurately
is
a
rare
one,
as
every
experienced
police
officer
knows
to
his
cost.
As
the
Lancet
put
it
recently,
“When
we
try
to
describe
faces
precisely,
words
fail
us,
and
we
resort
to
identikit
(拼脸型图)
procedures.”
Yet,
according
to
one
authority
on
the
subject,
we
can
each
probably
recognize
more
than
1,000
faces,
the
majority
of
which
differ
in
fine
details.
This,
when
one
comes
to
think
of
it,
is
a
tremendous
feat,
though,
curiously
enough,
relatively
little
attention
has
been
devoted
to
the
fundamental
problems
of
how
and
why
we
acquire
this
gift
for
recognizing
and
remembering
faces.
Is
it
an
inborn
property
of
our
brains,
or
an
acquired
one?
As
so
often
happens,
the
experts
tend
to
differ.
Thus,
some
argue
that
it
is
inborn,
and
that
there
are
“special
characteristics
about
the
brain’s
ability
to
distinguish
faces”.
In
support
of
this,
they
note
how
much
better
we
are
at
recognizing
a
face
after
a
single
encounter
than
we
are,
for
example,
in
recognizing
an
individual
horse.
On
the
other
hand,
there
are
those,
and
they
are
probably
in
the
majority,
who
claim
that
the
gift
is
an
acquired
one.
The
arguments
in
favor
of
this
latter
view,
it
must
be
confessed,
are
impressive.
It
is
a
habit
that
is
acquired
soon
after
birth.
Watch,
for
instance,
how
a
quite
young
baby
recognizes
his
mother
by
sight.
Granted
that
his
other
senses
help
–
the
sound,
his
sense
of
smell,
the
distinctive
way
she
handles
him.
But
of
all
these,
sight
is
predominant.
Formed
at
the
very
beginning
of
life,
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
quickly
becomes
an
established
habit,
and
one
that
is,
essential
for
daily
living,
if
not
necessarily
for
survival.
How
essential
and
valuable
it
is
we
probably
do
not
appreciate
until
we
encounter
people
who
have
been
deprived
of
the
faculty.
This
unfortunate
inability
to
recognize
familiar
faces
is
known
to
all,
but
such
people
can
often
recognize
individuals
by
their
voices,
their
walking
manners
or
their
spectacles.
With
typical
human
ingenuity,
many
of
these
unfortunate
people
overcome
their
handicap
by
recognizing
other
characteristic
features.
74.
It
is
stated
in
the
passage
that
______.
A.
it
is
unusual
for
a
person
to
be
able
to
identify
a
face
satisfactorily
B.
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
unhesitatingly
is
an
unusual
gift
C.
quite
a
few
people
can
visualize
faces
they
have
seen
D.
few
people
can
give
exact
details
of
the
appearance
of
a
face
75.
What
the
author
feels
strange
about
is
that
_______.
A.
people
have
the
tremendous
ability
to
recognize
more
than
1,000
faces
B.
people
don’t
think
much
of
the
problem
of
how
and
why
we
acquire
the
ability
to
recognize
and
remember
faces
C.
people
don’t
realize
how
essential
and
valuable
it
is
for
them
to
have
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
D.
people
have
been
arguing
much
over
the
way
people
recognize
and
remember
faces
76.
What
is
the
first
suggested
explanation
of
the
origin
of
the
ability?
A.
It
is
one
of
the
characteristics
peculiar
to
human
beings.
B.
It
is
acquired
soon
after
birth.
C.
It
is
something
we
can
do
from
the
very
moment
we
are
born.
D.
It
is
learned
from
our
environment
and
experiences.
77.
This
passage
seems
to
emphasize
that
______.
A.
the
ability
to
recognize
individuals
is
dependent
on
other
senses
as
well
as
sight
B.
sight
is
indispensable
(必需的)
to
recognizing
individuals
C.
the
ability
to
recognize
faces
is
a
special
inborn
ability
of
the
brain
D.
the
importance
of
the
ability
of
recognizing
faces
is
fully
appreciated
by
people.
Section
C
Translation：（注意使用动名词）
1.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2.今天去没有用,
他不会在家。
3.你写完作文了吗?
4.请原谅我来晚了。
5.他不声不响地走了进来。
6.他走进来了,
没有被看见。
7．你擦一下窗好吗？（mind
）（08上海春考）
8．和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。(enable)
（07上海春考）
9.
躺在草地上听音乐真是惬意。(It…)
(06上海春考)
10.
多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。(good)
（05上海高考）
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