中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
强调句及其它特殊句式
)
特殊句式
（一）、强调句
1．陈述句式：It
is/was...that/who...(强调人时可用that或who，强调物时只用that)
一般疑问句：Is/Was
＋it＋...that/who...?
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋
it＋
that...?
It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。
Was
it
on
a
lonely
island
that
he
was
saved
one
month
after
the
boat
went
down?
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？
2．“not...until...”的强调句：It
is/was
not
until...that...(注意时态)
It
was
not
until
I
came
here
that
I
realized
this
place
was
famous
for
not
only
its
beauty
but
also
its
weather.
直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。
易错警示
强调谓语动词，用do/does/did＋动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。
（二）、省略句
1．状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
Children，when
accompanied
by
their
parents，are
allowed
to
enter
the
stadium.
当孩子有父母陪伴的时候，他们是被允许进入体育馆的。
2．不定式的省略
(1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语)，只保留不定式符号to。常用在expect，hope，intend，mean，try，want，wish等词后。
Firstly，people
may
feel
forced
when
asked
to
do
things
that
they
don't
want
to.
首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。
(2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词do，后接不定式时，要省略to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略
to。
If
he
takes
on
this
work，he
will
have
no
choice
but
to
meet
an
even
greater
challenge.
如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。
3．特殊的省略结构：if省略结构
if
so如果这样的话
if
not如果不是这样的话
if
ever如果曾经有的话
if
necessary如果有必要的话
if
possible如果可能的话
if
any如果有的话
（三）、感叹句
1．what引导的感叹句
(1)What＋a/an＋(adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！
2．how引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋单词名词＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语！
What
a
strange
plant(＝How
strange
a
plant)!
I've
never
seen
it
before.
这种植物真奇怪！我以前从未见过。
The
shocking
news
made
me
realize
what
terrible
problems
we
would
face.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
（四）、祈使句
祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。
1.祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don't，也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。
Do
your
homework
before
you
watch
TV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。
2.祈使句表示假设的情况。
①祈使句＋and/or＋简单句
②名词词组(多含有more，another)＋and＋简单句
Call
me
tomorrow
and
I'll
let
you
know
the
lab
result.
明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验结果的。
Start
out
right
away，or
we'll
miss
the
first
train.
立刻出发，否则的话，我们将要错过首班车。
（五）、there
be句型
1.there
be
句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可和助动词或情态动词连用。并且be有时可用
live，remain，stand，lie，exist，seem
to
be，appear
to
be，happen
to
be，used
to
be等替换。
There
have
been
many
great
changes
in
our
country
since
then.
自从那时起我国发生了很多大的变化。
Once
upon
a
time
there
lived
an
old
fisherman
in
a
village
by
the
sea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
2.there
be句型的常考句型：
There
is
no
point/sense
(in)
doing
sth.做某事没有意义
There
is
no
doubt
that...毫无疑问……
There
is
no
need
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.(某人)没有必要做某事
There
is
(no)
difficulty/trouble
in
doing/
with
sth.做某事(没)有困难
There
is
(no)
possibility
of
(doing)
sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能
there
be结构的非谓语动词形式
There
be
结构的非谓语动词形式是there
to
be
和there
being
两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。
I
expect
there
to
be
no
argument
about
this.
我期望关于这件事不要再争吵了。(expect与to
do搭配)
I
never
dreamed
of
there
being
any
good
chance
for
me.
我做梦也没想到我会有好机会。(of是介词，后用v.?ing形式)
There
being
nothing
else
to
do，we
went
home.
因为没有其他事可做，我们就回家了。(there
be句型的独立主格结构)
（六）、with引导的复合结构
with引导的复合结构，相当于在前述各种独立主格结构前加上with，因此，一般认为这也是一种独立主格结构
A
woman
got
on
the
bus，with
a
baby
around
her
arms.
The
teacher
came
in
with
several
students
following
behind.
With
a
lot
of
things
to
deal
with,
he
will
have
a
difficult
time.
He
left
the
office
with
the
lights
on.
Mary
rushed
out
of
the
house
with
the
door
open.
【例】After
the
Arab
states
won
independence,
great
emphasis
was
laid
on
expanding
education,
with
girls
as
well
as
boys
____________
to
go
to
school.
A)
to
be
encouraged
C)
being
encouraged
B)
been
encouraged
D)
be
encouraged
介词with引出分词独立结构，表示一种陪衬性动作或补充说明。所以，答案是C)
being
encouraged。
（七）、独立主格结构
“独立主格结构”（absolute
construction）”。由于在语法上有自己的逻辑主语，结构上与主句不发生关系，因此传统语法叫做“独立主格结构”。独立主格结构可放于句首、句尾，用逗号和主句隔开。
独立主格结构形式
独立主格结构可以分为两部分，形式为：
基本形式是：名词普通格/代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语。
1．
名词/代词+
现在分词
现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。
例：The
man
lay
there,
his
hands
trembling.
So
many
students
being
absent,
the
meeting
had
to
be
put
off.
注：“独立结构”中的being或
having
been
有时可以省去，形成一种名词或代词+名词、形容词、副词、介词短语的结构形式。
2．
名词/代词+过去分词
过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。
例：The
boy
lay
on
his
back,
his
hands
crossed
under
his
head.
The
job
not
finished,
we
couldn’t
see
the
film.
Her
shirt
caught
on
a
nail,
she
could
not
move.
3．
名词/代词+不定式
不定式表示的是将来的动作。
These
are
the
first
two
books,
the
third
one
to
come
out
next
month.
We
shall
get
together
at
7:30,
the
procession（游行）to
start
moving
at
8
sharp.
4.
名词/代词+名词
名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。
例：Many
people
joined
in
the
work,
some
of
them
women
and
children.
He
fought
the
tiger，a
stick
his
only
weapon.
5．
名词/代词+形容词短语
形容词（短语）说明前面名词或代词的性质，状态，原因等。
例：The
floor
wet
and
slippery,
we
had
to
stay
outside
for
a
while.
I
heard
that
she
got
injured
in
the
accident，my
heart
full
of
sorry.
这两个句子也可以看成是省略了being,如果加上，就变成了现在分词分句。
6．名词/代词+副词
副词说明前面名词或代词的状态。
例：The
meeting
over,
we
all
went
home.
Nobody
in,
he
left
a
message
on
the
board.
7.
名词/代词+介词短语
介词短语说明伴随前面名词或代词的方式或者状态。
例：The
teacher
came
in,
a
book
under
his
arm.
Nobody
at
home,
the
thief
took
a
lot
of
things
away.
高考高频词汇精选背诵（M字母）
magnificent
mechanic
miracle
magnetic
maintain
merit
miserable
maintenance
majority
modify
mission
manual
manufacture
monument
moderate
margin
march
mutual
modest
marine
marvellous
merchant
monitor
marvelous
mass
mess
moral
molecule
mention
mild
motion
misfortune
maximum
military
motivate
molecule
mysterious
mercy
mineral
mansion
单句语法填空（注意特殊句式用法）
1．You
are
waiting
at
a
wrong
place.It
is
at
the
hotel
______
the
coach
picks
up
tourists.
2.
______
seems
to
be
much
more
support
for
the
new
policy
among
college
students
than
among
officials.
3．Give
me
a
chance，_______I'll
give
you
a
wonderful
surprise.
4．It
was
not
until
dark
______
he
found
what
he
thought
was
the
correct
way
to
solve
the
problem.
5．I
should
prefer
there
___________
(be)no
discussion
of
my
private
affairs.
6．The
little
boy
came
riding
at
full
speed
down
the
motorway
on
his
bicycle.______
a
dangerous
scene
it
was!
7．They
closed
the
door，there
___________
(be)no
customers.
8．When
________
(expose)
to
danger
and
conflict，men
tend
to
increase
blood
pressure，feeling
nervous
or
anxious.
9．As
far
as
I
can
see，_______
is
no
possibility
that
he
will
win
the
tennis
match
this
time.
10．Don't
be
discouraged.
_____(take)
things
as
they
are
and
you
will
enjoy
every
day
of
your
life.
11．Bach
died
in
1750，but
it
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century
______
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized.
12．We
can
see
that
________lies
a
pen
and
two
books
on
the
desk.
答案：
1.that
2.There
3.
and
4.
that
5.
to
be
6.What
7.
being
8.exposed
9.There
10.
Take
11.that
12.
there
高考核心词汇检测
We
shouldn’t
____
copy
Western
things
without
considering
Chinese
traditions
and
customs.
A．morally
B．mentally
C．merely
D．narrowly
He
tried
to
______the
lost
time
by
staying
up
late.
A．negotiate
with
B．take
notice
of
C．make
off
D．make
up
for...
She?chose?cushions?of?a?color?which?would_____her?carpet.
A.?mess???????
?B.modify??????????
C.?memorize????????
?D.?match
Although
the
young
man
is
physically
______,
he
still
acts
like
a
child.
mild
B.
mature
C.
magic
D.
modern
We
can’t
afford
a
car,
not
to
_______
the
fact
that
we
have
no
garage.
A.
memorize
B.
mend
C.
mention
D.
matter
At
a
memorial
service
today,
thousands
gathered
to
______
the
fighters
killed
in
a
fire.
A.
mop
B.
mourn
C.
mow
D.
motivate
You’d
better
give
up
smoking,
for
cigarette
smoking
_______
the
risk
of
cancer.
A.
narrows
B.
manipulates
C.
multiplies
D.
reduces
This
kind
of
magazine
is
___________
young
girls
who
like
fashion.
A.
meant
for
B.
majored
in
C.
in
memory
of
D.
at
the
mercy
of
The______
of
nurses
are
women,
but
in
higher
ranks
of
the
medical
profession
women
are
in
minority.
A.
majority
B.
maximum
C.
minimum
D.
minority
The
automobile
is
a
necessity
in
America,
but
it
is
also
a
______
of
social
position.
A.
mask
B.
master
C.
mark
D.
mistress
The
stronger
the
_____is,
the
more
quickly
a
man
will
learn
a
new
skill.
In
other
words,
it
is
up
to
whether
he
has
an
interest
in
it.
A．ambition
B．inspiration
C．imagination
D．motivation
I
enjoy
listening
to
classical
music,
but
I’m
so
busy
now
that
I’m
not
in
the
_____
for
it.
A.
emotion
B.
feeling
C.
mood
D.
sense
Compared
with
last
year,
entrance
examination
enrollment
in
Shanghai
stopped________.
A．mounting
up
B．speeding
up
C．bringing
up
D．calling
up
They
are
going
to
build
a
______
in
memory
of
those
offering
their
lives
in
an
accident.
A.?motto?????????
?
B.?monument??????????
C.?module??????
D.?memo
15.
He
was
being
very
__________
about
where
he
was
going.
A.
miserable
B.moderate
C.mild
D.
mysterious
参考答案：
1~5.
CDDBC
6~10.
BCAAC
11~15.
DCABD
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
(A)
Rodney
Mace,
35,
is
married
with
two
young
children,
and
is
a
part-time
teacher
of
architectural
history,
“I
am
constantly
surprised
by
other
people’s
surprise,
when
they
come
to
the
house
and
see
me
cleaning
a
floor
or
____33___
(hang)
out
the
washing.
Their
eyes
open
wide
at
the
sight
of
it!
Much
of
the
comment
comes
from
men.
But
I
am
even_____34____
(surprized)
at
the
number
of
women
who
comment
too.”
His
wife
Jane,
an
Oxford
graduate
in
modern
languages,
has
a
demanding
full-time
job.
She
is
director
of
the
Cambridge
House
literacy
scheme
for
adults
in
South
London.
Her
working
week
involves
several
evenings
and
Saturdays,
and
at
these
times
her
husband
is
in
sole
charge
of
home
and
family.
___35__
______
this,
they
share
household
jobs
and
employ
a
child-minder
for
the
afternoons.
This
enables
him
to
teach
two
days
a
week
and
to
do
__36___
he
considers
his
principal
work:
writing.
He
has
written
several
books
and
spends
much
of
his
time
in
the
British
Museum
Reading
Room,
cycling
there
from
his
home
in
Brixton.
People
ask
the
Maces
___37___
they
think
their
children
miss
them.
One
can
argue
that
___38___
(satisfy)
parents
generally
have
satisfied
children,
but
in
any
case
the
Maces
are
careful
to
reserve
time
and
energy
to
play
with
their
children.
And
they
have
now
developed
relationships
with
other
adults
and
children.
Previously,
Rodney
Mace
worked
full-time
and
Jane
only
part-time.
Then
18
months
ago,
the
director
of
the
literacy
scheme
left.
“It
seems
to
me
that
Jane
was
very
well
suited
to
do
this
job.
She
was
very
doubtful
about
it.
But
I
urged
her
____39___(apply).
She
did,
and
she
got
it.”
Jane
Mace
confirms
that
she
needed
this
encouragement,
as
so
many
women
initially
do.
Did
his
male
ego
suffer
from
the
change-over?
Nothing
like
that
occurred.
____40____
he
still
seems
amazed
at
the
way
it
changed
his
thinking.
“I
felt
that
we
were
finally
going
to
be
partners.
I
felt
enormous
relief.
I
wasn’t
avoiding
responsibility,
but
changing
it.
Our
relationship
is
so
much
better
now.
It
has
been
___41___
change
for
the
good
for
both
of
us
–
think
for
all
of
us,
in
every
aspect
of
our
lives.
I
cannot
overemphasize
that:
in
every
aspect,
I
think
it
is
fundamental
___42___
the
woman
works.
The
idea
of
equal
partnership
is
an
illusion
if
one
partner
doesn’t
work.”
hanging
34.
more
surprised
35.
Apart
from
36.
what
37.
if
/whether
38.
satisfied
39.
to
apply
40.
But
41.
a
42.
that
Section
B
Directions:
Complete
the
following
passage
by
using
the
words
in
the
box.
A.
population
B.
specially
C.
wealth
D.
scientific
E.
debt
F.
knowledge
G.
survived
H.
likely
I.
agricultural
J.
developed
K.
evenly
For
most
of
human
history,
humans
hunted
animals
and
gathered
wild
food
such
as
fruit,
seeds
and
nuts
in
order
to
survive.
It
was
not
until
the
‘___41
revolution’
10,000
years
ago,
which
is
quite
recent
in
terms
of
world
history,
that
we
began
to
grow
enough
food
to
live
on.
Family
groups
___42
and
grew
by
choosing
to
work
together,
and
the
social
structure
of
our
modem
society
developed.
Over
several
thousand
years,
people
began
to
plant
crops
and
raise
animals
for
their
meat
and
skin.
Later
they
began
to
use
them
to
help
with
farm
work.
Villages
grew
larger
and
the
___43___
increased.
This
process
continued
until
around
400
years
ago
when
___44
_
and
industrial
revolutions
began.
By
using
scientific
methods
in
agriculture,
people
were
able
to
grow
more
food.
New
types
of
plants
were
grown
and
existing
ones
were
___45
__
to
grow
more
food.
Using
fertilizer
made
crops
grow
faster
and
stronger.
Crops
were
developed
which
could
survive
against
pests.
Animals
were
____46
bred
to
give
more
meat
and
more
milk.
More
and
better
food,
as
well
as
developments
in
medical
____47
,
meant
people
were
healthier
and
lived
longer.
The
problem
is,
the
increased
____48
of
large
parts
of
the
world
has
resulted
in
many
difficulties
despite
improvements
in
living
standards
for
many
people.
One
of
the
questions
is.
how
to
divide
the
world's
wealth
more
___49
.
While
many
countries
produce
more
food
than
they
can
use.
others,
for
example
in
Africa,
are
in
____50
and
cannot
support
their
population.
41----50
I
G
A
D
J
B
F
C
K
E
Section
C
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
1.专家们建议污水净化后才能排入河流。(suggest)
2人们对政府是否应该提高个人所得税众说纷纭。（raise）
3.该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。(apply)
.
4.
由于双方观点大相径庭，最终没有达成任何协议。（agreement）
5那些志愿者做好事的人从来就不图金钱回报，他们认为只有这样才能问心无愧。（only）
Translation（only
for
reference）
The
experts
suggested
that
the
polluted
water
(should)
be
made
clean
before
it
was
poured
into
the
rivers.
People
hold
different
views
on
whether
the
government
should
raise
higher
income
tax.
Students
should
be
encouraged
to
apply
what
we
have
learned
in
class
to
practice
As
the
two
parties
hold
totally
different
idea,
they
didn’t
reach
any
agreement.
Those
who
volunteer
to
do
good
deeds
never
ask
for
money
in
return.
They
think
only
in
this
way
can
they
have
a
clear
conscience.
Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
and
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Section
A
A
screen
door
(纱门)
allows
for
an
open
view
while
at
the
same
time
affording
a
degree
of
privacy.
50
,
communication
between
parents
and
their
child
away
at
college
should
have
openness
in
expressing
viewpoints
but,
at
the
same
time,
it
should
demonstrate
a
respect
for
privacy.
Staying
in
touch
with
each
other
is
important
because
without
51
,
there
is
no
connection
and
worry
can
take
over.
All
involved
should
try
to
be
52
in
listening
to,
understanding
and
dealing
with
special
concerns
or
needs
that
arise
whether
they
be
from
the
student,
parents
or
friends.
For
the
happy
student
adjusting
well
at
school,
calls
to
home
can
be
infrequent.
This
is
not
necessarily
a
cause
for
parents
to
53
.
While
parents
are
naturally
54
about
what
their
child
is
up
to,
the
majority
of
students
are
busy
getting
accustomed
to
their
new
home,
making
new
friends
and
55
to
new
schedules
and
activities.
The
fact
is
that
without
any
ill
intention
on
purpose,
they
can
spend
little
time
thinking
about
home
and
they
may
not
appreciate
the
degree
of
their
parents'
56
curiosity.
For
the
student
who
is
not
adjusting
well
at
school,
calls
to
home
will
probably
be
mademore
57
.
This
circumstance
can
bring
a
58
period
for
both
parent
and
child.
For
the
parents
at
home,
it
can
be
terribly
59
to
sense
their
child
is
unhappy.
It
is
difficult
to
judge
how
we
should
react
to
this
challenge:
as
60
,
we
want
to
bring
our
children
home
to
the
safety
of
our
nest;
in
our
parent-teacher
role,
we
want
to
61
the
ties
and
allow
our
child
the
opportunity
to
make
it
on
his/her
own.
For
the
student
away
at
school,
unhappiness
can
be
lonely
and
frightening
and
in
some
cases,
it
can
lead
to
depression
and
illness.
There
is
a
sense
of
62
for
some
homesick
students
who
fear
that
Mom
and
Dad
will
63
their
inability
to
cope
with
the
new
environment.
This
is
especially
true
when
the
homesick
one
sees
classmates
adjusting
somewhat
effortlessly.
No
matter
what
the
circumstances
are
that
have
created
64
,
communication
between
parent
and
child
must
remain
open,
honest
and
in
balance.
50.
A.
Relatively
B.
Contrarily
C.
Typically
D.
Similarly
51.
A.
sacrifice
B.
privacy
C.
appreciation
D.
communication
52.
A.
sensitive
B.
confident
C.
casual
D.
modest
53.
A.
worry
B.
regret
C.
cheer
D.
wonder
54.
A.
uninformed
B.
curious
C.
happy
D.
sensible
55.
A.
adding
B.
referring
C.
adjusting
D.
leading
56.
A.
strange
B.
increasing
C.
awakened
D.
normal
57.
A.
formally
B.
frequently
C.
sincerely
D.
patiently
58.
A.
disappointing
B.
recovering
C.
challenging
D.
training
59.
A.
damaging
B.
disturbing
C.
demanding
D.
exhausting
60.
A.
protectors
B.
reminders
C.
inspectors
D.
individuals
61.
A.
maintain
B.
establish
C.
restore
D.
cut
62.
A.
relief
B.
responsibility
C.
achievement
D.
embarrassment
63.
A.
get
bored
with
B.
get
upset
with
C.
be
ignorant
of
D.
be
honest
with
64.
A.
opportunity
B.
uncertainty
C.
unhappiness
D.
nervousness
50~54
DDAAB
55~59
CDBCB
60~64
ADDBC
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
four
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
your
have
just
read.
(A)
In
white
shirt,
blue
pants,
black
cloth
shoes
and
two
pigtails,
Jingqiu
gives
off
an
air
of
great
“pure
beauty”
in
Zhang
Yimou’s
new
movie
Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree.
The
film
tells
the
story
of
the
sad
romance
of
Jingqiu
and
a
handsome
young
man
named
Laosan.
Set
at
the
end
of
the
“cultural
revolution”
(1966-76),
the
pair
manage
to
fall
in
love
although
they
come
from
different
political
environments.
Before
it
was
released
moviegoers
speculated
on
just
what
this
“pure
beauty”
could
be.
Director
Zhang
complained
of
how
long
it
had
taken
him
to
find
the
right
girl
for
the
part
of
Jingqiu
–
a
character
so
innocent
she
believes
that
simply
lying
on
the
same
bed
as
a
man
will
make
her
pregnant
.
It
was
18-year-old
Zhou
Dongyu
who
stood
out
from
the
crowd.
According
to
Zhang,
Zhou
has
“eyes
that
are
clear
like
a
fountain
on
a
mountainside”.
Born
to
an
ordinary
worker’s
family,
the
Shijiazhuang
girl
was
in
her
final
year
of
high
school
and
working
hard
for
a
place
in
an
art
college.
Audiences
are
impressed
with
Zhou
for
a
performance
that
they
say
has
great
clarity
.
“If
you
have
fair
skin
and
clear
eyes,
as
Jingqiu
does,
it
is
easy
to
look
pure.
Girls
today
wear
so
many
accessories
and
make-up
–
that’s
the
reason
Zhang
was
put
off,”
said
Du
Yanlai,
17,
of
Chengdu.
While
some
teenagers
consider
such
“pure”
beauty
illusory
others
believe
that
it
speaks
of
something
soulful.
Purity
is
all
about
an
innocence
that
shines
through
from
within,
thinks
16-year-old
Tan
Mengxi
of
Nanjing.
“Being
pure
can
be
simple,
not
having
complicated
thoughts
and
being
inexperienced.
However,
it
doesn’t
mean
an
ignorant
or
na?ve
person.
So,
a
person
is
pure
in
his
or
her
nature
if
he
or
she
is
always
enthusiastic
and
able
to
deal
with
difficult
matters
independently.
This
purity
doesn’t
pass
with
time,”
she
said.
65.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
reason
why
Zhou
Dongyu
was
chosen
from
the
crowd?
Because
she
was
in
white
shirt,
blue
pants,
black
cloth
shoes
and
has
two
pigtails.
Because
she
was
born
to
an
ordinary
worker's
family.
Because
she
was
working
hard
for
a
place
in
an
art
college.
Because
she
has
eyes
that
are
clear
like
a
fountain
on
a
mountainside.
66.
The
word
"illusory"
in
paragraph
7
most
probably
means
_______________.
beautiful
B.
innocent
C.
unreal
D.
stupid
67.
From
the
text
we
know
that
Tan
Mengxi
said
that
______________.
being
pure
means
a
person
who
is
ignorant
and
naive.
B.
being
pure
means
having
complicated
thoughts
and
being
experienced.
C.
a
person
who
is
always
enthusiastic
and
able
to
deal
with
difficult
matters
independently
is
pure.
D.
the
purity
of
a
person
who
is
always
enthusiastic
and
able
to
deal
with
difficult
matters
independently
can
pass
with
time.
68.
What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A.Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree:
Pure
Beauty
B.
Zhou
Dongyu:
A
New
Movie
Star.
C.
Zhang
Yimou:
Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree
D.
A
Love
Story
of
Jingqiu
and
Laosan
65~68:
D
C
C
A
(B)
The
NYTimes.com
marketing
department
is
seeking
a
part-time
intern
to
assist
staff
in
many
projects
and
administrative
duties.
The
intern
will
have
a
unique
opportunity
to
learn
about
brand
and
digital
marketing
at
NYTimes.com
with
projects
related
to
News,
Opinion,
Theater,
Movies,
T
Magazine,
Travel
and
E-mail.
The
intern
will
gain
experience
in
all
aspects
of
digital
marketing,
from
online
display
to
SEM
to
social
networking.
In
addition
to
daily
tasks,
the
intern
will
be
assigned
one
long-term
project
involving
the
research,
analysis
and
development
of
a
new
marketing
program
to
be
presented
to
senior
management
at
the
conclusion
of
the
internship.
Duties:
Prepare
and
analyze
monthly
Excel
reports
on
the
performance
of
marketing
activity
for
select
NYTimes.com
initiatives
and
assist
in
writing
monthly
summaries.
Analyse
select
marketing
ads
on
a
weekly
basis.
Assist
in
selecting
content
and
writing
daily
marketing
ads.
Provide
reporting
and
analysis
of
the
effectiveness
of
media
and
creative;
recommend
enhancements
to
current
campaigns.
Assist
in
the
development
and
maintenance
of
paid
search
engine
marketing
programs
for
NYTimes.com.
Assist
in
the
development
and
trafficking
of
marketing
creative.
Track
competitive
trends
and
monitor
NYTimes.com
site
usage
data.
Provide
general
assistance
with
marketing
activities
of
NYTimes.com.
Assist
in
writing
and
editing
a
weekly
marketing
e-mail
newsletter.
Assist
in
research
of
social
media
trends.
Qualifications:
A
current
college
student.
Ability
to
thrive
in
a
fast
paced
environment.
Excellent
written
and
verbal
communication
skills.
Proficient
with
Microsoft
Excel,
Word
&
Powerpoint.
Excellent
analytical
skills.
Ability
to
think
strategically
and
develop
creative
solutions
to
research
challenges.
Strong
organization,
project
management
and
time
management
skills
as
well
as
the
ability
to
multitask.
Team
player
with
a
strong
work
ethic.
We
seek
a
candidate
who
has
special
interest
in
learning
about
digital
marketing
and
passion
for
the
news
and
digital
landscape.
69.
According
to
the
passage,
the
following
duties
are
included
EXCEPT
___________.
You
should
assist
in
writing
summaries
every
month.
You
should
assist
in
analysing
select
marketing
ads
on
a
basis
every
week.
You
should
assist
in
selecting
content
and
writing
marketing
ads
every
day.
You
should
assist
in
writing
and
editing
a
marketing
e-mail
newsletter
every
day.
70.
If
you
are
a
candidate,
which
following
qualification
is
necessary?
You
must
be
a
high
school
student.
You
are
willing
to
work
in
a
fast
paced
environment.
You
have
excellent
listening
and
verbal
communication
skills.
You
dislike
working
with
others.
71.
In
which
part
of
a
newspaper
that
you
can
find
this
advertisement?
A.
World
News
B.
Sports
C.
Education
D.
Job
69~71:
D
B
D
(C)
It's
no
secret
that
many
children
would
be
healthier
and
happier
with
adoptive
parents
than
with
the
parents
that
nature
dealt
them.
That's
especially
true
of
children
who
remain
in
violent
homes
because
the
law
blindly
favours
biological
parents.
It's
also
true
of
children
who
suffer
for
years
in
foster
homes
(收养孩子的家庭)
because
of
parents
who
can't
or
won't
care
for
them
but
refuse
to
give
up
custody
(监护)
rights.
14-year-old
Paul
Smith
fits
neither
description,
but
his
recent
court
victory
could
eventually
help
children
who
do.
Paul
has
been
the
object
of
an
angry
custody
battle
between
the
man
who
brought
him
up
and
his
biological
parents,
with
whom
he
has
never
lived.
A
local
judge
ruled
that
Paul
can
remain
with
the
only
father
he's
ever
known
and
that
his
biological
parents
have
no
“legal
claim”
on
him.
The
ruling,
though
it
may
yet
be
reversed,
set
aside
the
principle
that
biology
is
the
primary
determinant
of
parentage.
That's
an
important
development,
one
that's
long
overdue.
Shortly
after
birth
in
1989,
Paul
Smith
and
another
infant
were
mistakenly
switched
and
sent
home
with
the
wrong
parents.
Paul's
biological
parents,
John
and
Alice
Mays,
received
a
child
who
died
of
a
heart
disease
in
1999.
Medical
tests
showed
that
the
child
wasn't
the
Mays’
own
son
but
Paul
was.
Thus,
a
custody
battle
took
place.
In
2000,
the
two
families
agreed
that
Mr.
Smith
would
maintain
custody
with
the
Mays
getting
visiting
rights.
Those
rights
were
ended
when
Mr.
Smith
decided
that
Paul
was
being
harmed.
Certainly,
the
biological
link
between
parent
and
child
is
fundamental.
But
biological
parents
aren't
always
preferable
to
adoptive
ones,
and
biological
parentage
does
not
convey
an
absolute
ownership
that
cancels
all
the
rights
of
children.
72.
What
was
the
reason
for
the
Mays
to
claim
custody
rights
to
Paul
Smith?
A.
They
were
Paul's
biological
parents.
B.
They
regarded
Paul
as
their
property.
C.
They
felt
guilty
about
their
past
mistake.
D.
They
found
Paul
was
unhappy
in
Mr.
Smith'
custody.
73.
___________was
the
primary
consideration
in
the
local
judge's
ruling.
A.
The
biological
link
B.
The
parents'
feelings
C.
The
child's
benefits
D.
The
traditional
practice
74.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
Paul's
case?
A.
Foster
homes
bring
children
more
pain
and
suffering
than
care.
B.
Children
are
more
than
just
personal
possessions
of
their
parents.
C.
The
biological
link
between
parents
and
children
should
be
emphasized.
D.
Biological
parents
have
no
right
to
claim
their
children
adopted
by
others,
75.
What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
the
local
judge's
ruling?
A.
Doubtful.
B.
Critical.
C.
Ignorant.
D.
Supportive.
72~75:
A
C
B
D
Section
C
Translation：（注意使用特殊句型）
1．在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。
(There
be
句型)
2．只有通过每天花费至少两个小时学英语，你才能快速提高它。(倒装句)
3．当我们遇到麻烦时，我们总可以依靠的是我们的父母。(强调句)
4．尽管面临着很多问题，但他们没有失去信心。(省略句)
5．雾霾天气让我们意识到了我们现在面临的问题是多么严重。(感叹句)
答案：（only
for
reference）
1.There
happened
to
be
an
old
friend
of
mine
in
the
club.
2.Only
by
spending
at
least
two
hours
learning
English
every
day
can
you
improve
it
quickly．
3.
It
is
our
parents
that
we
can
always
depend
on
when
we're
in
trouble.
4.
Although
faced
with
many
problems，they
didn't
lose
heart.
5.
The
smoggy
weather
has
made
us
realize
what
terrible
problems
we
are
faced
with．
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(
强调句及其它特殊句式
)
特殊句式
（一）、强调句
1．陈述句式：It
is/was...that/who...(强调人时可用that或who，强调物时只用that)
一般疑问句：Is/Was
＋it＋...that/who...?
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋
it＋
that...?
It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。
Was
it
on
a
lonely
island
that
he
was
saved
one
month
after
the
boat
went
down?
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？
2．“not...until...”的强调句：It
is/was
not
until...that...(注意时态)
It
was
not
until
I
came
here
that
I
realized
this
place
was
famous
for
not
only
its
beauty
but
also
its
weather.
直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。
易错警示
强调谓语动词，用do/does/did＋动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。
（二）、省略句
1．状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
Children，when
accompanied
by
their
parents，are
allowed
to
enter
the
stadium.
当孩子有父母陪伴的时候，他们是被允许进入体育馆的。
2．不定式的省略
(1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语)，只保留不定式符号to。常用在expect，hope，intend，mean，try，want，wish等词后。
Firstly，people
may
feel
forced
when
asked
to
do
things
that
they
don't
want
to.
首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。
(2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词do，后接不定式时，要省略to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略
to。
If
he
takes
on
this
work，he
will
have
no
choice
but
to
meet
an
even
greater
challenge.
如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。
3．特殊的省略结构：if省略结构
if
so如果这样的话
if
not如果不是这样的话
if
ever如果曾经有的话
if
necessary如果有必要的话
if
possible如果可能的话
if
any如果有的话
（三）、感叹句
1．what引导的感叹句
(1)What＋a/an＋(adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！
2．how引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋单词名词＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语！
What
a
strange
plant(＝How
strange
a
plant)!
I've
never
seen
it
before.
这种植物真奇怪！我以前从未见过。
The
shocking
news
made
me
realize
what
terrible
problems
we
would
face.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
（四）、祈使句
祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。
1.祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don't，也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。
Do
your
homework
before
you
watch
TV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。
2.祈使句表示假设的情况。
①祈使句＋and/or＋简单句
②名词词组(多含有more，another)＋and＋简单句
Call
me
tomorrow
and
I'll
let
you
know
the
lab
result.
明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验结果的。
Start
out
right
away，or
we'll
miss
the
first
train.
立刻出发，否则的话，我们将要错过首班车。
（五）、there
be句型
1.there
be
句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可和助动词或情态动词连用。并且be有时可用
live，remain，stand，lie，exist，seem
to
be，appear
to
be，happen
to
be，used
to
be等替换。
There
have
been
many
great
changes
in
our
country
since
then.
自从那时起我国发生了很多大的变化。
Once
upon
a
time
there
lived
an
old
fisherman
in
a
village
by
the
sea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
2.there
be句型的常考句型：
There
is
no
point/sense
(in)
doing
sth.做某事没有意义
There
is
no
doubt
that...毫无疑问……
There
is
no
need
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.(某人)没有必要做某事
There
is
(no)
difficulty/trouble
in
doing/
with
sth.做某事(没)有困难
There
is
(no)
possibility
of
(doing)
sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能
there
be结构的非谓语动词形式
There
be
结构的非谓语动词形式是there
to
be
和there
being
两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。
I
expect
there
to
be
no
argument
about
this.
我期望关于这件事不要再争吵了。(expect与to
do搭配)
I
never
dreamed
of
there
being
any
good
chance
for
me.
我做梦也没想到我会有好机会。(of是介词，后用v.?ing形式)
There
being
nothing
else
to
do，we
went
home.
因为没有其他事可做，我们就回家了。(there
be句型的独立主格结构)
（六）、with引导的复合结构
with引导的复合结构，相当于在前述各种独立主格结构前加上with，因此，一般认为这也是一种独立主格结构
A
woman
got
on
the
bus，with
a
baby
around
her
arms.
The
teacher
came
in
with
several
students
following
behind.
With
a
lot
of
things
to
deal
with,
he
will
have
a
difficult
time.
He
left
the
office
with
the
lights
on.
Mary
rushed
out
of
the
house
with
the
door
open.
【例】After
the
Arab
states
won
independence,
great
emphasis
was
laid
on
expanding
education,
with
girls
as
well
as
boys
____________
to
go
to
school.
A)
to
be
encouraged
C)
being
encouraged
B)
been
encouraged
D)
be
encouraged
介词with引出分词独立结构，表示一种陪衬性动作或补充说明。所以，答案是C)
being
encouraged。
（七）、独立主格结构
“独立主格结构”（absolute
construction）”。由于在语法上有自己的逻辑主语，结构上与主句不发生关系，因此传统语法叫做“独立主格结构”。独立主格结构可放于句首、句尾，用逗号和主句隔开。
独立主格结构形式
独立主格结构可以分为两部分，形式为：
基本形式是：名词普通格/代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语。
1．
名词/代词+
现在分词
现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。
例：The
man
lay
there,
his
hands
trembling.
So
many
students
being
absent,
the
meeting
had
to
be
put
off.
注：“独立结构”中的being或
having
been
有时可以省去，形成一种名词或代词+名词、形容词、副词、介词短语的结构形式。
2．
名词/代词+过去分词
过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。
例：The
boy
lay
on
his
back,
his
hands
crossed
under
his
head.
The
job
not
finished,
we
couldn’t
see
the
film.
Her
shirt
caught
on
a
nail,
she
could
not
move.
3．
名词/代词+不定式
不定式表示的是将来的动作。
These
are
the
first
two
books,
the
third
one
to
come
out
next
month.
We
shall
get
together
at
7:30,
the
procession（游行）to
start
moving
at
8
sharp.
4.
名词/代词+名词
名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。
例：Many
people
joined
in
the
work,
some
of
them
women
and
children.
He
fought
the
tiger，a
stick
his
only
weapon.
5．
名词/代词+形容词短语
形容词（短语）说明前面名词或代词的性质，状态，原因等。
例：The
floor
wet
and
slippery,
we
had
to
stay
outside
for
a
while.
I
heard
that
she
got
injured
in
the
accident，my
heart
full
of
sorry.
这两个句子也可以看成是省略了being,如果加上，就变成了现在分词分句。
6．名词/代词+副词
副词说明前面名词或代词的状态。
例：The
meeting
over,
we
all
went
home.
Nobody
in,
he
left
a
message
on
the
board.
7.
名词/代词+介词短语
介词短语说明伴随前面名词或代词的方式或者状态。
例：The
teacher
came
in,
a
book
under
his
arm.
Nobody
at
home,
the
thief
took
a
lot
of
things
away.
高考高频词汇精选背诵（M字母）
magnificent
mechanic
miracle
magnetic
maintain
merit
miserable
maintenance
majority
modify
mission
manual
manufacture
monument
moderate
margin
march
mutual
modest
marine
marvellous
merchant
monitor
marvelous
mass
mess
moral
molecule
mention
mild
motion
misfortune
maximum
military
motivate
molecule
mysterious
mercy
mineral
mansion
单句语法填空（注意特殊句式用法）
1．You
are
waiting
at
a
wrong
place.It
is
at
the
hotel
______
the
coach
picks
up
tourists.
2.
______
seems
to
be
much
more
support
for
the
new
policy
among
college
students
than
among
officials.
3．Give
me
a
chance，_______I'll
give
you
a
wonderful
surprise.
4．It
was
not
until
dark
______
he
found
what
he
thought
was
the
correct
way
to
solve
the
problem.
5．I
should
prefer
there
___________
(be)no
discussion
of
my
private
affairs.
6．The
little
boy
came
riding
at
full
speed
down
the
motorway
on
his
bicycle.______
a
dangerous
scene
it
was!
7．They
closed
the
door，there
___________
(be)no
customers.
8．When
________
(expose)
to
danger
and
conflict，men
tend
to
increase
blood
pressure，feeling
nervous
or
anxious.
9．As
far
as
I
can
see，_______
is
no
possibility
that
he
will
win
the
tennis
match
this
time.
10．Don't
be
discouraged.
_____(take)
things
as
they
are
and
you
will
enjoy
every
day
of
your
life.
11．Bach
died
in
1750，but
it
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century
that
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized.
12．We
can
see
that
________lies
a
pen
and
two
books
on
the
desk.
高考核心词汇检测
We
shouldn’t
____
copy
Western
things
without
considering
Chinese
traditions
and
customs.
A．morally
B．mentally
C．merely
D．narrowly
He
tried
to
______the
lost
time
by
staying
up
late.
A．negotiate
with
B．take
notice
of
C．make
off
D．make
up
for...
She?chose?cushions?of?a?color?which?would_____her?carpet.
A.?mess???????
?B.modify??????????
C.?memorize????????
?D.?match
Although
the
young
man
is
physically
______,
he
still
acts
like
a
child.
mild
B.
mature
C.
magic
D.
modern
We
can’t
afford
a
car,
not
to
_______
the
fact
that
we
have
no
garage.
A.
memorize
B.
mend
C.
mention
D.
matter
At
a
memorial
service
today,
thousands
gathered
to
______
the
fighters
killed
in
a
fire.
A.
mop
B.
mourn
C.
mow
D.
motivate
You’d
better
give
up
smoking,
for
cigarette
smoking
_______
the
risk
of
cancer.
A.
narrows
B.
manipulates
C.
multiplies
D.
reduces
This
kind
of
magazine
is
___________
young
girls
who
like
fashion.
A.
meant
for
B.
majored
in
C.
in
memory
of
D.
at
the
mercy
of
The______
of
nurses
are
women,
but
in
higher
ranks
of
the
medical
profession
women
are
in
minority.
A.
majority
B.
maximum
C.
minimum
D.
minority
The
automobile
is
a
necessity
in
America,
but
it
is
also
a
______
of
social
position.
A.
mask
B.
master
C.
mark
D.
mistress
The
stronger
the
_____is,
the
more
quickly
a
man
will
learn
a
new
skill.
In
other
words,
it
is
up
to
whether
he
has
an
interest
in
it.
A．ambition
B．inspiration
C．imagination
D．motivation
I
enjoy
listening
to
classical
music,
but
I’m
so
busy
now
that
I’m
not
in
the
_____
for
it.
A.
emotion
B.
feeling
C.
mood
D.
sense
Compared
with
last
year,
entrance
examination
enrollment
in
Shanghai
stopped________.
A．mounting
up
B．speeding
up
C．bringing
up
D．calling
up
They
are
going
to
build
a
______
in
memory
of
those
offering
their
lives
in
an
accident.
A.?motto?????????
?
B.?monument??????????
C.?module??????
D.?memo
15.
He
was
being
very
__________
about
where
he
was
going.
A.
miserable
B.moderate
C.mild
D.
mysterious
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
(A)
Rodney
Mace,
35,
is
married
with
two
young
children,
and
is
a
part-time
teacher
of
architectural
history,
“I
am
constantly
surprised
by
other
people’s
surprise,
when
they
come
to
the
house
and
see
me
cleaning
a
floor
or
____33___
(hang)
out
the
washing.
Their
eyes
open
wide
at
the
sight
of
it!
Much
of
the
comment
comes
from
men.
But
I
am
even_____34____
(surprized)
at
the
number
of
women
who
comment
too.”
His
wife
Jane,
an
Oxford
graduate
in
modern
languages,
has
a
demanding
full-time
job.
She
is
director
of
the
Cambridge
House
literacy
scheme
for
adults
in
South
London.
Her
working
week
involves
several
evenings
and
Saturdays,
and
at
these
times
her
husband
is
in
sole
charge
of
home
and
family.
___35__
______
this,
they
share
household
jobs
and
employ
a
child-minder
for
the
afternoons.
This
enables
him
to
teach
two
days
a
week
and
to
do
__36___
he
considers
his
principal
work:
writing.
He
has
written
several
books
and
spends
much
of
his
time
in
the
British
Museum
Reading
Room,
cycling
there
from
his
home
in
Brixton.
People
ask
the
Maces
___37___
they
think
their
children
miss
them.
One
can
argue
that
___38___
(satisfy)
parents
generally
have
satisfied
children,
but
in
any
case
the
Maces
are
careful
to
reserve
time
and
energy
to
play
with
their
children.
And
they
have
now
developed
relationships
with
other
adults
and
children.
Previously,
Rodney
Mace
worked
full-time
and
Jane
only
part-time.
Then
18
months
ago,
the
director
of
the
literacy
scheme
left.
“It
seems
to
me
that
Jane
was
very
well
suited
to
do
this
job.
She
was
very
doubtful
about
it.
But
I
urged
her
____39___(apply).
She
did,
and
she
got
it.”
Jane
Mace
confirms
that
she
needed
this
encouragement,
as
so
many
women
initially
do.
Did
his
male
ego
suffer
from
the
change-over?
Nothing
like
that
occurred.
____40____
he
still
seems
amazed
at
the
way
it
changed
his
thinking.
“I
felt
that
we
were
finally
going
to
be
partners.
I
felt
enormous
relief.
I
wasn’t
avoiding
responsibility,
but
changing
it.
Our
relationship
is
so
much
better
now.
It
has
been
___41___
change
for
the
good
for
both
of
us
–
think
for
all
of
us,
in
every
aspect
of
our
lives.
I
cannot
overemphasize
that:
in
every
aspect,
I
think
it
is
fundamental
___42___
the
woman
works.
The
idea
of
equal
partnership
is
an
illusion
if
one
partner
doesn’t
work.”
Section
B
Directions:
Complete
the
following
passage
by
using
the
words
in
the
box.
A.
population
B.
specially
C.
wealth
D.
scientific
E.
debt
F.
knowledge
G.
survived
H.
likely
I.
agricultural
J.
developed
K.
evenly
For
most
of
human
history,
humans
hunted
animals
and
gathered
wild
food
such
as
fruit,
seeds
and
nuts
in
order
to
survive.
It
was
not
until
the
‘___41
revolution’
10,000
years
ago,
which
is
quite
recent
in
terms
of
world
history,
that
we
began
to
grow
enough
food
to
live
on.
Family
groups
___42
and
grew
by
choosing
to
work
together,
and
the
social
structure
of
our
modem
society
developed.
Over
several
thousand
years,
people
began
to
plant
crops
and
raise
animals
for
their
meat
and
skin.
Later
they
began
to
use
them
to
help
with
farm
work.
Villages
grew
larger
and
the
___43___
increased.
This
process
continued
until
around
400
years
ago
when
___44
_
and
industrial
revolutions
began.
By
using
scientific
methods
in
agriculture,
people
were
able
to
grow
more
food.
New
types
of
plants
were
grown
and
existing
ones
were
___45
__
to
grow
more
food.
Using
fertilizer
made
crops
grow
faster
and
stronger.
Crops
were
developed
which
could
survive
against
pests.
Animals
were
____46
bred
to
give
more
meat
and
more
milk.
More
and
better
food,
as
well
as
developments
in
medical
____47
,
meant
people
were
healthier
and
lived
longer.
The
problem
is,
the
increased
____48
of
large
parts
of
the
world
has
resulted
in
many
difficulties
despite
improvements
in
living
standards
for
many
people.
One
of
the
questions
is.
how
to
divide
the
world's
wealth
more
___49
.
While
many
countries
produce
more
food
than
they
can
use.
others,
for
example
in
Africa,
are
in
____50
and
cannot
support
their
population.
Section
C
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
1.专家们建议污水净化后才能排入河流。(suggest)
2人们对政府是否应该提高个人所得税众说纷纭。（raise）
3.该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。(apply)
.
4.
由于双方观点大相径庭，最终没有达成任何协议。（agreement）
5那些志愿者做好事的人从来就不图金钱回报，他们认为只有这样才能问心无愧。（only）
III.
Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
and
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Section
A
A
screen
door
(纱门)
allows
for
an
open
view
while
at
the
same
time
affording
a
degree
of
privacy.
50
,
communication
between
parents
and
their
child
away
at
college
should
have
openness
in
expressing
viewpoints
but,
at
the
same
time,
it
should
demonstrate
a
respect
for
privacy.
Staying
in
touch
with
each
other
is
important
because
without
51
,
there
is
no
connection
and
worry
can
take
over.
All
involved
should
try
to
be
52
in
listening
to,
understanding
and
dealing
with
special
concerns
or
needs
that
arise
whether
they
be
from
the
student,
parents
or
friends.
For
the
happy
student
adjusting
well
at
school,
calls
to
home
can
be
infrequent.
This
is
not
necessarily
a
cause
for
parents
to
53
.
While
parents
are
naturally
54
about
what
their
child
is
up
to,
the
majority
of
students
are
busy
getting
accustomed
to
their
new
home,
making
new
friends
and
55
to
new
schedules
and
activities.
The
fact
is
that
without
any
ill
intention
on
purpose,
they
can
spend
little
time
thinking
about
home
and
they
may
not
appreciate
the
degree
of
their
parents'
56
curiosity.
For
the
student
who
is
not
adjusting
well
at
school,
calls
to
home
will
probably
be
mademore
57
.
This
circumstance
can
bring
a
58
period
for
both
parent
and
child.
For
the
parents
at
home,
it
can
be
terribly
59
to
sense
their
child
is
unhappy.
It
is
difficult
to
judge
how
we
should
react
to
this
challenge:
as
60
,
we
want
to
bring
our
children
home
to
the
safety
of
our
nest;
in
our
parent-teacher
role,
we
want
to
61
the
ties
and
allow
our
child
the
opportunity
to
make
it
on
his/her
own.
For
the
student
away
at
school,
unhappiness
can
be
lonely
and
frightening
and
in
some
cases,
it
can
lead
to
depression
and
illness.
There
is
a
sense
of
62
for
some
homesick
students
who
fear
that
Mom
and
Dad
will
63
their
inability
to
cope
with
the
new
environment.
This
is
especially
true
when
the
homesick
one
sees
classmates
adjusting
somewhat
effortlessly.
No
matter
what
the
circumstances
are
that
have
created
64
,
communication
between
parent
and
child
must
remain
open,
honest
and
in
balance.
50.
A.
Relatively
B.
Contrarily
C.
Typically
D.
Similarly
51.
A.
sacrifice
B.
privacy
C.
appreciation
D.
communication
52.
A.
sensitive
B.
confident
C.
casual
D.
modest
53.
A.
worry
B.
regret
C.
cheer
D.
wonder
54.
A.
uninformed
B.
curious
C.
happy
D.
sensible
55.
A.
adding
B.
referring
C.
adjusting
D.
leading
56.
A.
strange
B.
increasing
C.
awakened
D.
normal
57.
A.
formally
B.
frequently
C.
sincerely
D.
patiently
58.
A.
disappointing
B.
recovering
C.
challenging
D.
training
59.
A.
damaging
B.
disturbing
C.
demanding
D.
exhausting
60.
A.
protectors
B.
reminders
C.
inspectors
D.
individuals
61.
A.
maintain
B.
establish
C.
restore
D.
cut
62.
A.
relief
B.
responsibility
C.
achievement
D.
embarrassment
63.
A.
get
bored
with
B.
get
upset
with
C.
be
ignorant
of
D.
be
honest
with
64.
A.
opportunity
B.
uncertainty
C.
unhappiness
D.
nervousness
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
four
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
your
have
just
read.
(A)
In
white
shirt,
blue
pants,
black
cloth
shoes
and
two
pigtails,
Jingqiu
gives
off
an
air
of
great
“pure
beauty”
in
Zhang
Yimou’s
new
movie
Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree.
The
film
tells
the
story
of
the
sad
romance
of
Jingqiu
and
a
handsome
young
man
named
Laosan.
Set
at
the
end
of
the
“cultural
revolution”
(1966-76),
the
pair
manage
to
fall
in
love
although
they
come
from
different
political
environments.
Before
it
was
released
moviegoers
speculated
on
just
what
this
“pure
beauty”
could
be.
Director
Zhang
complained
of
how
long
it
had
taken
him
to
find
the
right
girl
for
the
part
of
Jingqiu
–
a
character
so
innocent
she
believes
that
simply
lying
on
the
same
bed
as
a
man
will
make
her
pregnant
.
It
was
18-year-old
Zhou
Dongyu
who
stood
out
from
the
crowd.
According
to
Zhang,
Zhou
has
“eyes
that
are
clear
like
a
fountain
on
a
mountainside”.
Born
to
an
ordinary
worker’s
family,
the
Shijiazhuang
girl
was
in
her
final
year
of
high
school
and
working
hard
for
a
place
in
an
art
college.
Audiences
are
impressed
with
Zhou
for
a
performance
that
they
say
has
great
clarity
.
“If
you
have
fair
skin
and
clear
eyes,
as
Jingqiu
does,
it
is
easy
to
look
pure.
Girls
today
wear
so
many
accessories
and
make-up
–
that’s
the
reason
Zhang
was
put
off,”
said
Du
Yanlai,
17,
of
Chengdu.
While
some
teenagers
consider
such
“pure”
beauty
illusory
others
believe
that
it
speaks
of
something
soulful.
Purity
is
all
about
an
innocence
that
shines
through
from
within,
thinks
16-year-old
Tan
Mengxi
of
Nanjing.
“Being
pure
can
be
simple,
not
having
complicated
thoughts
and
being
inexperienced.
However,
it
doesn’t
mean
an
ignorant
or
na?ve
person.
So,
a
person
is
pure
in
his
or
her
nature
if
he
or
she
is
always
enthusiastic
and
able
to
deal
with
difficult
matters
independently.
This
purity
doesn’t
pass
with
time,”
she
said.
65.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
reason
why
Zhou
Dongyu
was
chosen
from
the
crowd?
Because
she
was
in
white
shirt,
blue
pants,
black
cloth
shoes
and
has
two
pigtails.
Because
she
was
born
to
an
ordinary
worker's
family.
Because
she
was
working
hard
for
a
place
in
an
art
college.
Because
she
has
eyes
that
are
clear
like
a
fountain
on
a
mountainside.
66.
The
word
"illusory"
in
paragraph
7
most
probably
means
_______________.
beautiful
B.
innocent
C.
unreal
D.
stupid
67.
From
the
text
we
know
that
Tan
Mengxi
said
that
______________.
being
pure
means
a
person
who
is
ignorant
and
naive.
B.
being
pure
means
having
complicated
thoughts
and
being
experienced.
C.
a
person
who
is
always
enthusiastic
and
able
to
deal
with
difficult
matters
independently
is
pure.
D.
the
purity
of
a
person
who
is
always
enthusiastic
and
able
to
deal
with
difficult
matters
independently
can
pass
with
time.
68.
What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A.Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree:
Pure
Beauty
B.
Zhou
Dongyu:
A
New
Movie
Star.
C.
Zhang
Yimou:
Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree
D.
A
Love
Story
of
Jingqiu
and
Laosan
(B)
The
NYTimes.com
marketing
department
is
seeking
a
part-time
intern
to
assist
staff
in
many
projects
and
administrative
duties.
The
intern
will
have
a
unique
opportunity
to
learn
about
brand
and
digital
marketing
at
NYTimes.com
with
projects
related
to
News,
Opinion,
Theater,
Movies,
T
Magazine,
Travel
and
E-mail.
The
intern
will
gain
experience
in
all
aspects
of
digital
marketing,
from
online
display
to
SEM
to
social
networking.
In
addition
to
daily
tasks,
the
intern
will
be
assigned
one
long-term
project
involving
the
research,
analysis
and
development
of
a
new
marketing
program
to
be
presented
to
senior
management
at
the
conclusion
of
the
internship.
Duties:
Prepare
and
analyze
monthly
Excel
reports
on
the
performance
of
marketing
activity
for
select
NYTimes.com
initiatives
and
assist
in
writing
monthly
summaries.
Analyse
select
marketing
ads
on
a
weekly
basis.
Assist
in
selecting
content
and
writing
daily
marketing
ads.
Provide
reporting
and
analysis
of
the
effectiveness
of
media
and
creative;
recommend
enhancements
to
current
campaigns.
Assist
in
the
development
and
maintenance
of
paid
search
engine
marketing
programs
for
NYTimes.com.
Assist
in
the
development
and
trafficking
of
marketing
creative.
Track
competitive
trends
and
monitor
NYTimes.com
site
usage
data.
Provide
general
assistance
with
marketing
activities
of
NYTimes.com.
Assist
in
writing
and
editing
a
weekly
marketing
e-mail
newsletter.
Assist
in
research
of
social
media
trends.
Qualifications:
A
current
college
student.
Ability
to
thrive
in
a
fast
paced
environment.
Excellent
written
and
verbal
communication
skills.
Proficient
with
Microsoft
Excel,
Word
&
Powerpoint.
Excellent
analytical
skills.
Ability
to
think
strategically
and
develop
creative
solutions
to
research
challenges.
Strong
organization,
project
management
and
time
management
skills
as
well
as
the
ability
to
multitask.
Team
player
with
a
strong
work
ethic.
We
seek
a
candidate
who
has
special
interest
in
learning
about
digital
marketing
and
passion
for
the
news
and
digital
landscape.
69.
According
to
the
passage,
the
following
duties
are
included
EXCEPT
___________.
You
should
assist
in
writing
summaries
every
month.
You
should
assist
in
analysing
select
marketing
ads
on
a
basis
every
week.
You
should
assist
in
selecting
content
and
writing
marketing
ads
every
day.
You
should
assist
in
writing
and
editing
a
marketing
e-mail
newsletter
every
day.
70.
If
you
are
a
candidate,
which
following
qualification
is
necessary?
You
must
be
a
high
school
student.
You
are
willing
to
work
in
a
fast
paced
environment.
You
have
excellent
listening
and
verbal
communication
skills.
You
dislike
working
with
others.
71.
In
which
part
of
a
newspaper
that
you
can
find
this
advertisement?
A.
World
News
B.
Sports
C.
Education
D.
Job
(C)
It's
no
secret
that
many
children
would
be
healthier
and
happier
with
adoptive
parents
than
with
the
parents
that
nature
dealt
them.
That's
especially
true
of
children
who
remain
in
violent
homes
because
the
law
blindly
favours
biological
parents.
It's
also
true
of
children
who
suffer
for
years
in
foster
homes
(收养孩子的家庭)
because
of
parents
who
can't
or
won't
care
for
them
but
refuse
to
give
up
custody
(监护)
rights.
14-year-old
Paul
Smith
fits
neither
description,
but
his
recent
court
victory
could
eventually
help
children
who
do.
Paul
has
been
the
object
of
an
angry
custody
battle
between
the
man
who
brought
him
up
and
his
biological
parents,
with
whom
he
has
never
lived.
A
local
judge
ruled
that
Paul
can
remain
with
the
only
father
he's
ever
known
and
that
his
biological
parents
have
no
“legal
claim”
on
him.
The
ruling,
though
it
may
yet
be
reversed,
set
aside
the
principle
that
biology
is
the
primary
determinant
of
parentage.
That's
an
important
development,
one
that's
long
overdue.
Shortly
after
birth
in
1989,
Paul
Smith
and
another
infant
were
mistakenly
switched
and
sent
home
with
the
wrong
parents.
Paul's
biological
parents,
John
and
Alice
Mays,
received
a
child
who
died
of
a
heart
disease
in
1999.
Medical
tests
showed
that
the
child
wasn't
the
Mays’
own
son
but
Paul
was.
Thus,
a
custody
battle
took
place.
In
2000,
the
two
families
agreed
that
Mr.
Smith
would
maintain
custody
with
the
Mays
getting
visiting
rights.
Those
rights
were
ended
when
Mr.
Smith
decided
that
Paul
was
being
harmed.
Certainly,
the
biological
link
between
parent
and
child
is
fundamental.
But
biological
parents
aren't
always
preferable
to
adoptive
ones,
and
biological
parentage
does
not
convey
an
absolute
ownership
that
cancels
all
the
rights
of
children.
72.
What
was
the
reason
for
the
Mays
to
claim
custody
rights
to
Paul
Smith?
A.
They
were
Paul's
biological
parents.
B.
They
regarded
Paul
as
their
property.
C.
They
felt
guilty
about
their
past
mistake.
D.
They
found
Paul
was
unhappy
in
Mr.
Smith'
custody.
73.
___________was
the
primary
consideration
in
the
local
judge's
ruling.
A.
The
biological
link
B.
The
parents'
feelings
C.
The
child's
benefits
D.
The
traditional
practice
74.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
Paul's
case?
A.
Foster
homes
bring
children
more
pain
and
suffering
than
care.
B.
Children
are
more
than
just
personal
possessions
of
their
parents.
C.
The
biological
link
between
parents
and
children
should
be
emphasized.
D.
Biological
parents
have
no
right
to
claim
their
children
adopted
by
others,
75.
What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
the
local
judge's
ruling?
A.
Doubtful.
B.
Critical.
C.
Ignorant.
D.
Supportive.
Section
C
Translation：（注意使用特殊句型）
1．在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。
(There
be
句型)
2．只有通过每天花费至少两个小时学英语，你才能快速提高它。(倒装句)
3．当我们遇到麻烦时，我们总可以依靠的是我们的父母。(强调句)
4．尽管面临着很多问题，但他们没有失去信心。(省略句)
5．雾霾天气让我们意识到了我们现在面临的问题是多么严重。(感叹句)
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