Module
2
Fantasy
Literature
–
Philip
Pullman
动词?ing形式(Ⅰ)
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.Will,
still
watching,
saw
the
cat
behave
curiously.2.When
it
had
gone
past
he
crossed
the
road,
keeping
his
eyes
on
the
spot
where
the
cat
had
been
investigating.3.While
sitting
by
a
pool,
Ferdinand
sees
a
frog.4.Before
leaving
his
kingdom,
he
calls
his
son
to
him.5.Not
knowing
her
address,
I
can't
write
to
her
to
express
my
gratitude.6.Having
lived
with
the
girl
for
5
years,
we
all
know
her
very
well.
1.六个例句中动词?ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子的主语。2.由句5可知，动词?ing形式的否定式是在其前加not。3.在句3中，动词?ing形式短语前用while，为了强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生；在句4中，动词?ing形式短语前用before，为了强调在谓语动词的动作之前发生。4.由句6可知，动词?ing
形式的完成式为having
done。
一、动词?ing形式作状语的基本用法
动词?ing形式作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，作方式状语和伴随状语时可以变为并列分句，作其他状语时也可以变为相应的状语从句。它的位置比较灵活，可以置于句首、句中或句末，有时用逗号分开，有时不用。一般来说，作时间、原因、条件或让步状语时，通常位于句子的前部；作结果、方式或伴随状语时，通常位于句子的后部。
状语类型
例句
时间
Hearing
the
good
news,
they
went
wild
with
joy.(＝When
they
heard
the
good
news,
they
went
wild
with
joy.)
听到这个好消息，他们高兴得发了狂。
原因
Getting
up
late,
he
missed
the
early
train.(＝Because
he
got
up
late,
he
missed
the
early
train.)由于起床晚了，他没有赶上早班火车。
条件
Turning
to
the
left,
you
will
find
the
school.(＝If
you
turn
to
the
left,
you
will
find
the
school.)
向左拐，你就会发现那所学校。
让步
Knowing
where
I
live,
he
never
comes
to
see
me.(＝Although
he
knows
where
I
live,
he
never
comes
to
see
me.)
尽管知道我住哪里，但他从来也没有来看我。
结果
The
boy
fell
off
his
bike,
breaking
his
left
arm.(＝The
boy
fell
off
his
bike
so
that
he
broke
his
left
arm.)男孩从他的自行车上摔了下来，弄折了他的左胳膊。
方式
He
came
running
into
the
room.(＝He
came
and
ran
into
the
room.)他跑进屋来。
伴随
He
sat
at
the
table,
reading
a
magazine.(＝He
sat
at
the
table
and
read
a
magazine.)他坐在桌子旁，读着一本杂志。
[即时训练1] 用动词?ing形式改写下面的句子
①If
you
read
carefully,
you'll
learn
something
new.
→Reading
carefully,
you'll
learn
something
new.
②As
he
was
very
tired,
he
couldn't
walk
any
further.
→Being
very
tired,
he
couldn't
walk
any
further.
③Although
he
worked
as
hard
as
he
could,
he
didn't
pass
the
exam.
→Working
as
hard
as
he
could,
he
didn't
pass
the
exam.
二、动词?ing形式的时态和语态
1．在逻辑上，当动词?ing形式表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作(几乎)同时发生时用一般式；当动词?ing形式表示的动作发生在句子谓语动词之前时用完成式。
Seeing
the
stranger
coming
towards
him,
little
Tom
ran
away
as
fast
as
he
could.
看见陌生人朝他走来，小汤姆尽可能快地跑开了。
(
see和run几乎同时发生)
Having
studied
English
for
three
years,
he
could
read
brief
stories
in
English.
由于学习了三年英语，他能用英语读简单的故事。
(study发生在read之前)
2．在逻辑上，当句子的主语执行动词?ing形式表示的动作时，动词?ing形式用主动式；当句子的主语承受动词?ing形式表示的动作时，动词?ing形式用被动式。
He
listened
to
the
tape,
making
notes
now
and
then.
他听着磁带，偶尔记笔记。(he执行make表示的动作)
Being
called
by
a
stranger,
he
realized
what
had
happened.
由于一个陌生人打电话，他意识到出事了。(he承受call表示的动作)
[即时训练2] 用动词?ing形式完成句子
①Having
written
an
important
letter(写完一封重要的信后),
I
listened
to
the
music
for
a
while.
②Being
well
taken
care
of(受到了很好的照顾),
she
recovered
quickly.
三、动词?ing形式作状语时需注意的几个问题
1．动词?ing形式作状语时，有时前面可用一个连词或介词，表示强调或出于表达需要。常用的词有：when,
while,
after,
before,
if,
unless,
though/although等。“从属连词＋动词?ing形式”可以视为状语从句的省略。
Don't
talk
while
having
dinner
(＝while
you
are
having
dinner)．
吃饭时不要说话。
Though
working
hard(＝Though
he
worked
hard),
he
couldn't
earn
enough
money
to
pay
off
his
debt.
尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。
2．动词?ing形式的否定形式是在其前加not或never。
She
was
puzzled,
not
knowing
what
had
happened.
她迷惑了，不知道发生了什么。
Not
having
tried
his
best,
he
failed
in
the
exam.
由于没有尽最大努力，他这次考试没通过。
3．动词?ing形式与不定式作结果状语时的比较
动词?ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。而不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果，且常与only
连用。
He
ran
all
the
way,
reaching
the
school
out
of
breath.
他跑了一路，到达学校时上气不接下气。
Yesterday
I
went
to
see
him,
only
to
learn
that
he
had
gone
abroad
two
days
ago.
昨天我去看他，结果了解到他两天前已经去了国外。
4．动词?ing形式与独立主格结构作状语时的比较
动词?ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语要与主句的主语相一致，如果不一致，通常要在动词?ing形式前加上它自己的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的动词?ing形式被称为独立主格结构。
Arriving
at
the
station,
he
found
the
train
had
left.
到达车站时，他发现火车已经开走了。(he是arriving的逻辑主语)
She
walked
along
the
path,
her
daughter
following
close
behind.
她沿着小路走，其女儿跟在后面。(following的逻辑主语是her
daughter，而不是句子的主语she)
5．有少数动词?ing形式并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度，被称作独立成分，它不受句子主语的限制。常见的有：generally
speaking一般来说；judging
from/by根据……来判断；considering考虑到，鉴于；supposing假设等。
Generally
speaking,
the
more
you
practise,
the
more
skillfully
you
can
write
in
English.
一般来说，你练习越多，用英语写作就越熟练。
[即时训练3] 用动词?ing形式完成句子
①Although
working
hard
from
morning
till
night(虽然从早到晚拼命干),
his
father
didn't
get
enough
food.
②Not
knowing
how
to
deal
with(不知道如何应对)
the
difficult
situation,
he
turned
to
his
teacher
for
help.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．While
walking(walk)
in
the
street，I
suddenly
heard
someone
calling
my
name
from
behind.
2．The
boy
came，rushing(rush)
into
the
teacher's
office
with
his
test
papers
in
his
hand.
3．The
30?year?old
athlete
won
two
gold
medals
in
the
Olympic
Games，becoming(become)
a
national
hero
again.
4．Martin
sent
a
short
message
to
his
friend，Tony，hoping(hope)
to
borrow
some
money
from
him.
5．Following
(follow)
your
teacher's
advice，you
will
make
great
progress
soon.
6．The
government
has
introduced
a
new
program，allowing(allow)
the
children
in
the
city
to
receive
good
education.
7．Having
spent(spend)
nearly
all
our
money,
we
couldn't
afford
to
stay
at
a
hotel.
8．Judging(judge)
from
his
expression,
he
was
frightened
of
spiders.
9．Being
talked(talk)
to,
you
should
look
into
the
eyes
of
the
person.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Heard
the
bad
news,
she
couldn't
help
crying.
Heard→Hearing
2．Not
know
her
address,
we
can't
get
in
touch
with
her.
know→knowing
3．It
rained
heavily,
caused
severe
flood
in
the
area.
caused→causing或caused前加and
4．Seen
from
here,
you
will
get
a
wonderful
view
of
the
city.
Seen→Seeing
5．Generally
speak,
facial
expressions
are
helpful
ways
of
communication
as
well.
speak→speaking
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Hearing
the
bad
news
(听到这个坏消息)，Mary
felt
very
sad.
2．The
fire
lasted
nearly
five
days，leaving
nothing
valuable(没有剩下什么值钱的东西)．
3．You
must
be
careful
when
crossing
the
road
(过马路的时候)．
4．Having
worked
for
two
days(工作了两天之后)，Steve
managed
to
finish
his
report
on
schedule.
5．Like
ancient
sailors，birds
can
find
their
way
using
the
sun
and
stars(借助太阳和星星)．
PAGE
-
1
-Module
2
Fantasy
Literature
–
Philip
Pullman
续写幻想故事
本写作要求续写幻想故事。幻想故事一般有环境、人物、情节以及文学的艺术性。在体裁上属于记叙文，情节的发展多以时间、地点的转移为线索。写幻想故事时，要展开丰富的想象，适当构思情节，并把故事情节写得生动有趣，同时要合乎逻辑。此外，续写文章时，要注意续写内容和原文的衔接。续写部分必须忠实于原文的中心、内容与形式。
本写作的人称以第三人称为主，时态以一般过去时为主。全文一般可分为三部分：第一部分为故事的开始，交代故事的背景；第二部分叙述故事的发展和高潮；第三部分为故事的结局。
1．The
ring
suddenly
began
to
speak,
which
made
the
brave
young
man
very
amazed.
2．It
was
the
most
exciting
moment
that
I
have
ever
experienced.
3．Just
then,
something
strange
happened.
4．Eventually,
he
found
the
girl,
on
whom
the
witch
put
a
spell.
5．While
walking
in
space,
we
enjoyed
weight
loss
and
the
beauty
of
the
night
sky.
6．In
addition,
it
can
do
all
the
housework
on
my
instruction.
7．In
2146,
we
are
flying
in
the
air,
conveying
signals
through
our
minds.
8．They
finally
defeated
the
evil
witch,
living
a
happy
life.
某英文报社Fantasy
Stories栏目正面向中学生举办征文大赛。请你根据所给故事的开头，用英语写一篇文章应征。
注意：
1．词数100左右(文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．想象合理，行文连贯，故事完整。
A
young
man
was
walking
through
a
wood
when
he
saw
a
shining
ring
lying
on
the
ground.He
just
stood
and
wondered
and
then
the
ring
said,
“Young
man,
a
kind
girl
is
trapped
by
a
witch
in
the
castle
ahead.If
you
are
brave
enough
to
rescue
her,
you
will
gain
happiness.Put
me
on
and
I
will
help
you.”
体裁
记叙文
时态
一般现在时
主题
续写幻想故事
人称
第三人称
结构
第一段：所给的故事开头。第二段：讲述年轻人去拯救女孩，最后终于成功的过程。第三段：年轻人和女孩过上了幸福的生活。
Ⅰ.对接模块词汇
1．invisible
看不见的
2．magical
魔法的；不可思议的
3．swiftly
快地，迅速地
4．marry
结婚，娶，嫁
5．without
hesitation
毫不犹豫
6．put
a
spell
on
用咒符镇住
7．look
around
for
四处寻找
Ⅱ.巧用模块句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．使他感到惊奇的是，一戴上戒指，他就成为了一个别人看不见的人。
Much
to
his
surprise,
on
having
the
ring
on,
he
became
an
invisible
man.
2．非常容易就进入了城堡，他发现女孩子在黑屋里，巫师给她施了魔咒。
Entering
the
castle
easily,
he
spotted
the
girl
in
a
dark
room,
on
whom
the
witch
had
put
a
spell.
3．得知了女孩子不能动，除非有人能摧毁巫师的魔杖，解除咒语。
Having
learned
that
the
girl
couldn't
move
unless
someone
destroyed
the
witch's
magical
wand
to
remove
the
spell.
4．……这个年轻人四处寻找魔杖，发现它躺在一个金盒子里。
...the
young
man
looked
around
for
the
wand,
and
he
found
it
lying
in
a
golden
box.
5．他迅速摧毁了魔杖，解除了女孩子身上的魔咒，并释放了她。
He
ruined
the
wand
swiftly,
removing
the
spell
on
the
girl
and
setting
her
free．
(二)句式升级
6．用the
moment引导的状语从句改写句1
Much
to
his
surprise,
the
moment
he
had
the
ring
on,
he
became
an
invisible
man.
7．用after引导的状语从句改写句3
After
he
learned
that
the
girl
couldn't
move
unless
someone
destroyed
the
witch's
magical
wand
to
remove
the
spell.
[参考范文]
A
young
man
was
walking
through...
Without
hesitation,
the
young
man
put
the
ring
on
his
finger.Much
to
his
surprise,
the
moment
he
had
the
ring
on,
he
became
an
invisible
man.Entering
the
castle
easily,
he
spotted
the
girl
in
a
dark
room,
on
whom
the
witch
had
put
a
spell.After
he
learned
that
the
girl
couldn't
move
unless
someone
destroyed
the
witch's
magical
wand
to
remove
the
spell,
the
young
man
looked
around
for
the
wand,
and
he
discovered
it
lying
in
a
golden
box.He
ruined
the
wand
swiftly,
removing
the
spell
on
the
girl
and
setting
her
free.Afterwards,
the
young
man,
together
with
the
girl,
defeated
the
witch.
The
young
man,
marrying
the
girl,
led
a
sweet
life
here
after.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
2
Fantasy
Literature
–
Philip
Pullman
Part
Ⅰ
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P22－23教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．Anecdotes
about
how
she
began
writing
her
first
book.
2．Para.2
B．Mainly
about
how
Rowling
started
writing
Harry
Potter.
3．Para.3
C．Rowling's
books
appeal
to
readers
of
all
ages.
4．Para.4
D．Rowling
spent
about
ten
years
completing
her
series.
5．Para.5
E．Rowling's
first
book
was
published.
6．Para.6
F．Rowling's
great
achievement.
[答案] 1－6 BAEDCF
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P22－23教材课文，判断正(T)误(F)
1．J.K.
Rowling，the
gifted
creator
of
Harry
Potter,
grew
up
in
the
southwest
of
England.
( )
2.
Harry
Potter
first
came
into
Rowling's
mind
when
she
taught
English
in
Portugal.
( )
3．Rowling
is
associated
with
Edinburgh
in
Scotland
that's
the
place
where
she
lived
and
developed
the
format
of
the
whole
series
of
seven
books.
( )
4．When
she
began
to
write
Harry
Potter
and
the
Philosopher's
Stone，Rowling
was
in
poor
health.
( )
5．In
an
age
of
computer
games
and
TV
programmes，it
is
no
longer
a
pleasure
for
schoolchildren
to
read
Harry
Potter.
( )
[答案] 1－5 TFTFF
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P22－23教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
J.
K.
Rowling,
the
1.gifted(gift)
creator
of
Harry
Potter,
came
up
with
the
idea
for
Harry
Potter
while
she
was
on
a
delayed
train.She
2.wrote(write)
down
her
ideas
on
the
back
of
3.an
envelope.
Then
she
went
4.to
teach(teach)
English
in
Portugal,
where
she
continued
to
add
flesh
to
the
bones
of
the
first
Harry
Potter
story.
5.Having
overcome(overcome)
a
lot
of
difficulties,
she
6.eventually(eventual)
attained
success.
It
was
in
1997
7.that
she
completed
the
first
Harry
Potter
story.
After
then,
the
8.success(succeed)
of
each
of
the
following
titles
was
automatic.
Her
series
of
Harry
Potter
appeal
to
readers
of
all
9.ages(age)
and
create
a
special
literary
bond
between
parents
and
children.
Much
10.to
the
pleasure
of
the
schoolchildren,
Harry
Potter
has
become
part
of
the
school
curriculum.
Part
Ⅱ
细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P27教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Which
of
the
following
doesn't
belong
to
the
creatures
that
existed
in
the
stories?
A．Dwarves.
B．Hobbits.
C．Humans.
D．Robots.
2．Why
did
Sauron
try
to
find
the
lost
Ring?
A．Because
it
belonged
to
him.
B．Because
he
wanted
to
rule
the
Middle
Earth.
C．Because
he
wanted
to
destroy
it.
D．Because
he
wanted
to
keep
it.
3．From
this
passage，we
know
that
the
writing
thread
of
these
stories
was
．
A．how
to
find
the
Ring
B．how
to
destroy
the
Ring
C．the
great
power
of
Sauron
D．the
kindness
of
Gandalf
4．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
right?
A．The
Lord
of
the
Rings
is
considered
to
be
the
best
fantasy
novel.
B．All
people
don't
enjoy
reading
fantastic
stories.
C．All
the
stories
in
The
Lord
of
the
Rings
were
based
on
imagination.
D．Sauron
and
his
creatures
represented
those
of
evil.
5．The
writer
of
this
passage
takes
a(n)
attitude
toward
the
novel
The
Lord
of
the
Rings.
A．objective
B．appreciative
C．negative
D．critical
[答案] 1－5 DBBAB
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．There
has
been
a
close
bond(纽带)
between
them
ever
since
he
saved
the
boy
from
drowning.
2．Unwilling
to
become
a
burden(负担)
to
his
son,
the
old
man
moved
to
the
nursing
home.
3．Many
people
know
how
to
attain(得到)
success,
but
few
know
how
to
make
the
best
use
of
it.
4．Once
the
difficulty
is
overcome,
we
will
benefit
a
lot
from
the
project.
5．Life
mainly
consists
of
happiness
and
sorrow
while
happiness
sometimes
comes
from
a
struggle.
6．He
is
too
stubborn
to
admit
that
he
is
wrong.It's
always
hard
to
change
his
mind
and
attitude.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．marry
v．结婚，娶，嫁→married
adj.已婚的→marriage
n．结婚，婚姻
2．punish
v．惩罚→punishment
n．惩罚，处罚
3．appeal
n．吸引力，魅力→appealing
adj.吸引人的
4．gift
n．天才，天赋；礼物→gifted
adj.有天才的，有天赋的
5．adjust
v．调整→adjustment
n．调整
6．distribute
v．(书报的)发行→distribution
n．发行
7．accumulate
v．积累，积聚→accumulation
n．积聚，堆积物
8．power
n．力量，能力→powerful
adj.强有力的
9．possess
v．拥有→possession
n．拥有；财产
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．put
a
spell
on
用咒符镇住
2．be
associated
with
与……有联系，
与……联系在一起
3．appeal
to
sb.
对某人有吸引力，引起某人的兴趣
4．(be)
restricted
to
限于
5．ahead
of
在……前面
6．look
back
over
one's
shoulder
回头看
7．catch
a
glimpse
of
瞥见
8．set
out
出发，动身
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．To
overcome
all
the
difficulties
ahead
of
you,
you
need
to
make
a
list
of
them.
2．Education
shall
not
be
restricted
to
any
one
specific
age
group.
3．They
set
out
to
repair
the
house
whose
roof
was
damaged
by
the
storm.
4．There
are
many
serious
health
problems
which
are
associated
with
smoking.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.On
seeing
her,
the
king
immediately
falls
in
love
with
her.一见到她，国王就马上爱上了她。
on
doing
...“一……就……”。
他一到北京，就参加了一个记者招待会。On
arriving
in
Beijing,
he
attended
a
press
conference.
2.It
was
only
in
1997
that
she
completed
the
first
Harry
Potter
story
...
直到1997年她才完成第一部哈利·波特小说……
强调句型。
正是老师的鼓励帮我克服了那些困难。It
was
the
teacher's
encouragement
that
helped
me
get
over
those
difficulties.
3.A
young
man
was
walking
through
a
wood
when
he
saw
a
ring
lying
on
the
ground.一名青年男子穿行在一片树林中，突然他看到地上有一个指环。
be
doing
...when
...“正在做某事这时……”
我正在读书，这时一位老友来访。I
was
reading
a
book
when
an
old
friend
of
mine
came
to
visit
me.
marry
v．结婚，娶，嫁
(教材P19)The
king
takes
the
woman
to
his
palace
and
marries
her,
not
knowing
that
she
is
a
wicked
witch.
国王把这个女人带到了宫殿并娶了她，不知道她是一个邪恶的女巫。
(1)marry
sb.
与某人结婚
marry
sb.to
sb.
把某人嫁给某人
(2)married
adj.
已婚的
be/get
married
to
sb.
与某人结婚
(3)marriage
n.
婚姻；结婚
①She
didn't
marry
until
she
was
in
her
forties.
她直到40多岁才结婚。
②She
was
determined
to
marry
all
of
her
daughters
to
rich
men.
她决意把她所有的女儿都嫁给有钱人。
③They
have
been
married(marry)
to
each
other
for
more
than
30
years,
but
they
never
quarrelled.
他们结婚三十多年了，但他们从未争吵过。
[名师点津]
marry不可与with搭配，be
married
to
sb.表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用；get
married
to
sb.表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
appeal
n．吸引力，魅力；恳求；上诉
v．吸引；呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉
(教材P22)What
is
the
appeal
of
the
Harry
Potter
series？哈利·波特系列的魅力何在？
(1)make
an
appeal
to
sb.for
sth./to
do
sth.
恳求/呼吁某人某事/做某事
(2)appeal
(to
sb.)for
sth.
恳求/呼吁某人某事
appeal
to
sb.to
do
sth.
呼吁/请求某人做某事
sth.appeal
to
sb.
某物(对某人)有吸引力；
某物(使某人)感兴趣
(3)appealing
adj.
吸引人的
①If
you
make
an
appeal
to
him
for
help,
he
will
certainly
lend
you
a
hand.
如果你向他求助，他肯定会帮你一把的。
②In
recent
years,
our
government
has
been
always
appealing
to
everyone
to
save(save)
water.
近些年我们的政府总是在呼吁每个人节约用水。
③The
advertisement
has
deeply
appealed
to
me,
so
I
want
to
apply
for
the
position.
这则广告深深地吸引了我，因此我想应聘那个职位。
be
associated
with与……有联系，与……联系在一起
(教材P22)
But
her
name
is
forever
associated
with
Edinburgh
in
Scotland,
where
she
lived
and
developed
the
format
for
the
whole
series
of
seven
books.
但是她的名字却永远与苏格兰的爱丁堡联系在一起，她生活在那儿，并在那儿把整个系列7本书的框架构思出来。
(1)associate
v．
联合；结合；联系
associate...with...
把……和……联系在一起
associate
(oneself)
with...
与……交往
(2)association
n.
联合；结合；协会
in
association
with
与……有联系；与……联合
①When
talking
about
China,
people
often
associate
it
with
the
Yellow
River.
当谈论到中国时，人们常常把它与黄河联系在一起。
②In
children's
minds,
summer
is
associated(associate)
with
picnic.
在孩子们的意识里，夏天是和野餐联系在一起的。
③We
are
working
in
association(associate)
with
a
number
of
local
companies
to
raise
money
for
the
homeless.
我们正与当地的一些公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。
burden
n．负担，重负
v．加重压于，负重
(教材P22)She
had
the
extra
burden
of
looking
after
her
baby
daughter
while
she
worked,
and
because
she
was
too
poor
to
own
a
typewriter,
she
wrote
by
hand.
她在工作的同时还要肩负另外的责任，那就是照顾小女儿。由于贫穷，买不起打字机，她只好手写书稿。
(1)bear
a
heavy
burden
承受重负
be
a
burden
to...
对……来说是个负担
(2)burden
sb./oneself
with
使某人/自己担负……
be
burdened
with
承担……重担
①She
bore
the
burden
of
caring
for
her
sick
mother.
她担负起照顾她生病的母亲的重担。
②Buying
a
new
house
is
often
a
heavy
burden
to
young
couples.
对于年轻夫妇来说，买新房是一个巨大的负担。
③The
students
used
to
be
burdened
with
a
lot
of
homework.
学生们过去作业负担很重。
set
out出发，动身；开始，着手；陈列；陈述，阐明
(教材P25)...she
could
still
see
the
open
doorway
of
the
wardrobe
and
even
catch
a
glimpse
of
the
empty
room
from
which
she
had
set
out.
……她仍能看到魔衣橱的入口处，甚至还能瞥见她出发时的那个空房间。
写出下列句子中set
out的意思
①Kate
set
out
for
the
house
on
the
other
side
of
the
bay.
出发，动身
②She
set
out
the
reasons
for
her
resignation
in
a
long
letter.
陈述，阐明
③He
set
out
to
paint
the
whole
house
but
finished
only
the
front
part.
开始，着手
set
out
to
do
sth.＝set
about
doing
sth.
开始着手做某事
set
aside
存储；留出，省出
set
down
放下，写下，登记
set
off
出发，动身；引发，使爆炸，燃放
set
up
建立；设立
④I
try
to
set
aside
a
few
minutes
each
day
to
do
some
exercise.
我每天尽量留出一些时间锻炼一下身体。
⑤The
council
set
up
a
committee
to
look
into
local
unemployment.
参议会成立了一个委员会来调查当地的失业情况。
power
n．力量；能力；权力；影响力
(教材P27)Do
you
know
a
Chinese
story
about
a
ring
with
magical
powers?
你知道一个关于魔戒的中国故事吗？
in
power
当权
in
one's
power
为某人力所能及
beyond
one's
power
不能胜任
within/in
one's
power
有能力；力所能及
come
to/into
power
掌权；上台；执政
①The
government
in
power
is
devoted
to
the
improvement
of
education.
这一届政府致力于提高教育。
②It
is
quite
beyond
my
power.I'm
determined
to
give
it
up.
这大大超出了我的能力，我决定放弃。
③When
the
new
ruler
came
to/into
power,
he
made
peace
with
all
his
former
enemies.
新统治者执政后与一切宿敌都和解了。
possess
v．拥有；持有(东西、资产)；控制
(教材P27)Any
creature
who
possesses
one
of
these
rings
has
great
power.
任何物种拥有其中的一个指环就有了强大的力量。
(1)be
possessed
of
具有(某种品质、能力等)
(2)possession
n.
拥有，占有；(pl.)个人财产，私人物品
in
possession
of
拥有……
in
the
possession
of
(某物)为(某人)所有
take/have
possession
of
拥有；取得
①The
old
worker
is
possessed
of
knowledge
and
experience.
这位老工人有知识和经验。
②Twenty
years
ago,
his
father
was
very
rich
and
was
in
possession
of
a
farm.
二十年前，他父亲很富有，拥有一个农场。
③You
can't
take
possession(possess)
of
the
house
until
all
the
papers
have
been
signed.
直到所有文件都签了字你才能拥有这所房子。
(教材P22)It
was
only
in
1997
that
she
completed
the
first
Harry
Potter
story,
which,
because
the
publishers
in
the
USA
requested
an
adjustment
to
the
title,
was
also
known
as
Harry
Potter
and
the
Sorcerer's
Stone.
直到1997年她才完成第一部哈利·波特小说。由于美国的出版商要求调整书名，这本书也被称作《哈利·波特与魔法石》。
【要点提炼】 此句为强调句型，only
in
1997为被强调部分。
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
(2)强调句的一般疑问句是将is/was提前，即：“Is/Was
it...that
...”。
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式，需将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即“疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分”。
(4)not
...until
...结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句可以用在强调句型中，其结构为“It
is/was
not
until
...that
...”。
①It
was
his
best
friend
that/who
he
met
at
the
party.
在聚会上他遇到的是他最好的朋友。
②Was
it
Sally
that/who
phoned
you
just
now?
刚才给你打电话的是莎莉吗？
③What
was
it
that
prevented
him
from
coming
in
time?
是什么使得他没按时来？
④It
was
not
until
she
took
off
her
sunglasses
that
I
recognized
her.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她来。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
medicine
is
powerful(power),
so
it
will
relieve
you
from
your
headache.
2．A
healthy
life
is
frequently
thought
to
be
associated
with
the
fresh
air
and
green
food.
3．We
need
to
repair
our
possessions(possess)
instead
of
throwing
them
away.
4．Unfortunately，while
this
sounds
high
appealing(appeal)，it
doesn't
work.
5．As
he
walked
along，he
heard
his
name
called
and
then
looked
back
over
his
shoulder，but
saw
nobody
around.
6．Burdened(burden)
with
heavy
work,
the
old
woman
looks
older
than
she
is.
7．Brian
is
gifted(gift)
in
composing
music;
he
is
very
likely
to
be
a
composer.
8．An
old
lady
walking
ahead
of
me
suddenly
slipped
on
a
banana
skin.
9．As
they
were
determined
to
complete
the
job
on
time,
they
set
out
to
work(work)
immediately.
10．We
are
planning
to
hold
a
party
for
our
grandparents
to
celebrate
their
fiftieth
anniversary
of
marriage(marry)．
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．一看见这幅画，我就喜欢上了它。
On
seeing
the
picture,
I
fell
in
love
with
it.(see)
2．我正在街上散步，突然听到有人喊我的名字。
I
was
walking
along
the
street
when
I
heard
my
name
called.(walk)
3．到国外工作的想法对我没有太大的吸引力，因为我不想远离家人。
The
idea
of
working
abroad
doesn't
appeal
to
me
much,
because
I
don't
want
to
stay
away
from
my
family.(appeal)
4．正是多年的艰苦工作才造就了他今天的成功。
It
was
years
of
hard
work
that
has
made
him
successful
today.(be)
5．对于这个设计我已经做了一些调整，现在你可以做最后的决定了。
I
have
made
a
few
adjustments
to
the
design,
and
now
you
can
make
the
final
decision.(make)
PAGE
-
1
-Module
2
Fantasy
Literature
–
Philip
Pullman
奇幻文学不仅是孩子们的最爱也让成年人爱不释手。读下面的文章，了解奇幻文学的历史和现状。
The
very
first
recorded
literary
works
in
history
were
fantasy:
Homer's
Odyssey，The
Book
of
a
Thousand
nights
and
a
Night
and
countless
others.Modern
literature
forms
are
based
on
them.
Fantasy
is
particularly
the
only
form
of
literature
that
has
no
clear
boundaries
between
adult
fiction
and
children's
fiction.Lewis
Carroll's
books
Alice's
Adventure
in
Wonderland
and
Through
the
Looking
Glass,
for
instance,
were
published
over
100
years
ago.The
books
were
in
fact
written
for
a
child—the
original
Alice,
who
was
the
daughter
of
a
friend
of
Carroll's.However,
they
are
just
as
often
read
by
adults
looking
for
an
escape
back
to
a
simple
time.A
more
modern
example
is
J．K.Rowling's
Harry
Potter
series,
which
have
caused
a
revolution
in
the
publishing
world.While
these
again
are
aimed
at
a
youth
market，they
have
become
a
fashion
for
people
of
all
ages.
Recently,
fantasy
has
enjoyed
popularity，the
main
reason
for
the
popularity
is
the
success
of
The
Lord
of
the
Rings
series
of
films.Fantasy
novel
sales
have
benefited
from
social
change，with
the
original
The
Lord
of
the
Rings
novels，the
Harry
Potter
series
becoming
a
force
on
bestseller
lists.Even
more
recently，a
work
of
historical
fantasy，Dan
Brown's
The
Da
Vinci
Code,
has
caught
the
imagination
of
the
world.The
novel
was
on
top
of
The
New
York
Times'
hardcover
fiction
bestseller
list
on
April
11，2005.It
is
clear
that
fantasy
is
showing
no
signs
of
reducing
in
popularity.
[阅读障碍词]
1．boundary
n．
边界
2．popularity
n.
流行
3．hardcover
adj.
精装的
[诱思导读]
1．What
is
the
very
first
recorded
literary
works
in
history?
Fantasy.
2．What
do
you
think
of
fantasy
literature's
future?
It
will
continuously
enjoy
popularity.
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.behave
A．n.渴望
( )2.hesitate
B.
n．怀疑
( )3.doubt
C．n.方向
( )4.direction
D．n.惊慌，恐慌
( )5.bite
E．n.形状
( )6.longing
F．v.表现，举动
( )7.arch
G．v.犹豫，迟疑
( )8.alarm
H．v.咬，咬伤
( )9.shape
I．v.拱起，成弓形
( )10.roughly
J．adv.大概地，粗略地
[答案] 1－5 FGBCH 6－10 AIDEJ
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．在……中起重要作用 B．放下 C．伸出 D．朝……走过来 E．走开 F．向……扩展 G．注视，盯着看 H．四处寻找
1．As
is
known
to
all,
nowadays
the
Internet
is
playing
an
important
part
in
our
daily
life.
2．When
he
saw
the
policeman
coming
up
to
him,
he
felt
a
little
nervous.
3．She
held
out
her
hand,
touched
the
cloth
and
found
it
was
smooth.
4．When
we
find
someone
in
trouble,
we
shouldn't
turn
away.
5．Don't
keep
your
eyes
on
the
screen
too
long,
it's
bad
for
your
eyes.
6．When
you
stopped
eating,
you
should
put
down
the
knife
and
fork.
7．When
John
heard
the
good
news,
a
wave
of
excitement
swept
over
him.
8．Mr.Lee
is
looking
around
for
his
pet
dog
now.If
you
see
it,
please
call
him
at
this
number.
[答案] 1－5 ADCEG 6－8 BFH
The
Cat
That
Vanished
Will
was
stupefied(神志不清的)
with
exhaustion(疲惫),
and
he
might
have
gone
on
to
the
north,
or
he
might
have
laid
his
head
on
the
grass
under
one
of
those
trees
and
slept;
but
as
he
stood
trying
to
clear
his
head①，
he
saw
a
cat.
消失的猫
威尔累得脑子都木了，他本可以继续向北走，也有可能在某棵树下头枕草地昏昏睡去；但是，正当他站在那儿，尽力让头脑清醒些的时候，他看见了一只猫。
[助读讲解] ①此处as引导时间状语从句，as意为“当……时候”；trying
to
...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
She
was
a
tabby(斑猫),
like
Moxie.
She
padded(悄悄行走)
out
of
a
garden
on
the
Oxford
side
of
the
road,
where
Will
was
standing②.
Will
put
down
his
shopping
bag
and
held
out
his
hand,
and
the
cat
came
up
to
rub
her
head
against
his
knuckles(掌指关节)，just
as
Moxie
did.
Of
course,
every
cat
behaved
like
that,
but
all
the
same
Will
felt
such
a
longing
to
turn
for
home
that
tears
scalded(热泪盈眶)
his
eyes③.
那是一只母斑猫，就像莫克西一样。它轻轻地走出靠着牛津一侧街道上的一个花园，威尔正站在街的那一侧。威尔放下他的购物袋，伸出手，那只猫跑过来用头在他的指关节上磨蹭，正如莫克西所做的那样。当然，所有猫都是那样的。尽管如此，威尔还是渴望回家，以至于热泪充满了他的双眼。
[助读讲解] ②此处where引导非限制性定语从句。③此处such
...
that
...引导结果状语从句，其中such修饰a
longing。
Eventually
this
cat
turned
away.
This
was
night,
and
there
was
a
territory
to
patrol(巡逻),
there
were
mice
to
hunt.She
padded
across
the
road
and
towards
the
bushes
just
beyond
the
hornbeam(角树)
trees,
and
there
she
stopped.
Will,
still
watching④，
saw
the
cat
behave
curiously.
最终，这只猫转身走开了。正值夜晚，它要巡视自己的领地，还要捕捉老鼠。它蹑手蹑脚地穿过马路，朝着角树林另一边的灌木丛走去，然后在那儿停了下来。
威尔继续注视着，他看到那只猫举动异常。
[助读讲解] ④此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
She
reached
out
a
paw(爪子)
to
pat(轻拍)
something
in
the
air
in
front
of
her,
something
quite
invisible
to
Will.
Then
she
leapt
backwards,
back
arched
and
fur
on
end,
tail
held
out
stiffly(僵硬地)⑤.Will
knew
cat?behaviour.
He
watched
more
alertly(警觉地)
as
the
cat
approached
the
spot
again,
just
an
empty
patch(小块)
of
grass
between
the
hornbeams
and
the
bushes
of
a
garden
hedge(灌木)⑥，
and
patted
the
air
once
more.
它伸出爪子去拍它面前空气中的某种东西，某种威尔看不见的东西。然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。威尔了解猫的习性。他更加警觉地观察着那只猫，只见它再次靠近那个地方——角树与花园树篱的灌木丛之间的一块空草地，又拍打了一下那里的空气。
[助读讲解] ⑤此处back
arched
，fur
on
end，tail
held
out
stiffly均为独立主格结构，其结构分别为“名词＋过去分词”，“名词＋介词短语”，“名词＋过去分词短语”。⑥just
an
empty
patch
...
a
garden
hedge是对前面的spot作进一步的补充说明。
Again
she
leapt
back,
but
less
far
and
with
less
alarm
this
time.
After
another
few
seconds
of
sniffing(嗅),
touching,
whisker?twitching,
curiosity
overcame
wariness(谨慎)．
The
cat
stepped
forward,
and
vanished.
Will
blinked(眨眼睛).
Then
he
stood
still,
close
to
the
trunk
of
the
nearest
tree,
as
a
truck
came
round
the
circle
and
swept
its
lights
over
him⑦.When
it
had
gone
past
he
crossed
the
road，keeping
his
eyes
on
the
spot
where
the
cat
had
been
investigating⑧.
It
wasn't
easy,
because
there
was
nothing
to
fix
on,
but
when
he
came
to
the
place
and
cast
about
to
look
closely,
he
saw
it.
它再次向后一跃，但这次跳得没有那么远，也没有那么惊慌了。又是几秒钟的嗅来嗅去、爪子触碰、胡须抽动之后，(最终)好奇心战胜了警惕。
那只猫向前迈了迈步，然后消失了。
威尔眨了眨眼睛。然后他静静地站着，紧靠离他最近的一棵树干，这时一辆卡车转弯驶过来，车灯照到他的身上。卡车开过去后，他穿过马路，眼睛盯着那只猫一直在打量的地方。这并不容易，因为他无法把目光集中在某件东西上。但是当他靠近那个地方，设法仔细观察时，他看出了端倪。
[助读讲解] ⑦此处as引导时间状语从句，其中came和swept为并列的谓语动词。⑧keeping
his
eyes
...为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中where
the
cat
had
been
investigating为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词spot。
At
least,
he
saw
it
from
some
angles.
It
looked
as
if
someone
had
cut
a
patch
out
of
the
air⑨，
about
two
metres
from
the
edge(边缘)
of
the
road,
a
patch
roughly
square
in
shape
and
less
than
a
metre
across.
If
you
were
level
with
the
patch
so
that
it
was
edge?on,
it
was
nearly
invisible,
and
it
was
completely
invisible
from
behind.
You
could
only
see
it
from
the
side
nearest
the
road,
and
you
couldn't
see
it
easily
even
from
there,
because
all
you
could
see
through
it
was
exactly
the
same
kind
of
thing
that
lay
in
front
of
it
on
this
side：a
patch
of
grass
lit
by
a
street
light⑩.
至少，他从某些角度看到了。看上去就像有人在距离路边大约两米的地方将空间切开了一块，它大体呈方形，不到一米宽。如果你与那块空间处在同等高度，从侧面看你几乎看不到它，从后面则完全看不见它。只有从最靠近马路的一边才能看到它，但即使从那儿也很难看到，因为透过它，你所看到的一切与这边的完全相同：被一盏街灯照亮的一片草地。
[助读讲解] ⑨It
looked
as
if
...意为“看上去似乎……”，其中as
if引导表语从句，从句中用了虚拟语气，谓语动词为had
done的形式。⑩you
could
see
through
it为省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词all；that
lay
in
front
of
it
on
this
side为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词thing；lit
by
a
street
light为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰a
patch
of
grass，相当于定语从句which/that
was
lit
by
a
street
light。
But
Will
knew
without
the
slightest
doubt
that
that
patch
of
grass
on
the
other
side
was
in
a
different
world?.
He
couldn't
possibly
have
said
why.
He
knew
it
at
once，as
strongly
as
he
knew
that
fire
burned
and
kindness
was
good.He
was
looking
at
something
profoundly(极度地)
alien(完全陌生的)．
但是威尔深信不疑，另一边的那块草地在一个不同的世界里。
他不可能说得出所以然来。他只是马上就知道了，就好像他知道火会燃烧、善意是美好的一样。他所注视的是某种极为陌生的东西。
[助读讲解] ?without
the
slightest
doubt为介词短语作状语，后面是that引导的宾语从句作knew的宾语。
And
for
that
reason
alone,
it
enticed(引诱)
him
to
stoop(俯身)
and
look
further.
What
he
saw
made
his
head
swim(眩晕)
and
his
heart
thump(怦怦直跳)
harder?，
but
he
didn't
hesitate:
he
pushed
his
shopping
bag
through,
and
then
scrambled(爬)
through
himself,
through
the
hole
in
the
fabric(框架)
of
this
world
and
into
another.
仅仅因为这一个理由，就足以吸引他俯下身子向更深处望去。他看到的一切使他头晕目眩，心跳加速，但是他却丝毫没有迟疑：他把购物袋塞了过去，继而自己也爬了过去——穿过现实世界的框架上的这个洞，进入了另一个世界。
[助读讲解] ?What
he
saw为what引导的主语从句。made
his
head
swim
and
his
heart
thump
harder为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
He
found
himself
standing
under
a
row
of
trees.
But
not
hornbeam
trees:
these
were
tall
palms(棕榈树),
and
they
were
growing,
like
the
trees
in
Oxford,
in
a
line
along
the
grass.But
this
was
the
centre
of
a
broad
boulevard(林阴大道),
and
at
the
side
of
the
boulevard
was
a
line
of
cafés
and
small
shops,
all
brightly
lit,
all
open,
and
all
utterly(完全地)
silent
and
empty
beneath
a
sky
thick
with
stars.
The
hot
night
was
laden
with
the
scent
of
flowers
and
with
the
salt
smell
of
the
sea.
Will
looked
around
carefully.
Behind
him
the
full
moon
shone
down
over
a
distant
prospect(视野)
of
great
green
hills,
and
on
the
slopes(斜坡)
at
the
foot
of
the
hills
there
were
houses
with
rich
gardens
and
an
open
parkland(公共绿地)
with
groves(树丛)
of
trees
and
the
white
gleam(亮光)
of
a
classical
temple.
Just
beside
him
was
that
bare
patch
in
the
air,
as
hard
to
see
from
this
side
as
from
the
other,
but
definitely
there.
He
bent(弯腰)
to
look
through
and
saw
the
road
in
Oxford,
his
own
world.
He
turned
away
with
a
shudder(战栗)：whatever
this
new
world
was?，
it
had
to
be
better
than
what
he'd
just
left.With
a
dawning
light?headedness,
the
feeling
that
he
was
dreaming(开始出现的)
but
awake(醒着的)
at
the
same
time?，he
stood
up
and
looked
around
for
the
cat,
his
guide.
他发现自己站在一排树下。那是一些正在生长的高大的棕榈树，而不是角树。像牛津的树一样，那些棕榈树沿草地排成一行。只是，他所处的位置是一条宽阔的林阴大道的中央，林阴大道的一侧是成行的咖啡馆和小商店——全都灯火通明，都在营业，在布满繁星的夜空下，所有的店铺都静悄悄的，无人光顾。在这个炎热的晚上，空气中弥漫着鲜花的芳香和海水咸咸的味道。
威尔仔细地环顾四周。在他身后，满月映照着远处壮丽的青山，山脚下的斜坡上坐落着带有宜人的花园的房子，还有一块树木丛生的公共绿地，绿地上一座古典风格的庙宇闪着微微的白光。
空中的那个缺口就在他身边，无论是从这边还是那边都很难看见，但它确定无疑地存在着。他俯身望去，看到了牛津的街道——他自己的世界。他不禁一颤，转过身来：无论这个新世界如何，总会好过他刚刚离开的那个。带着逐渐出现的晕眩感觉，那种处在半梦半醒之间的感觉，他站起身来环顾四周寻找他的向导——那只猫。
[助读讲解] ?此处whatever“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句。?此处that引导同位语从句，用于解释说明feeling。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P16－17教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．Will
found
where
the
cat
had
vanished.
2．Paras.2－7
B．Description
of
the
patch
in
the
air.
3．Para.8
C．What
he
saw
in
another
world.
4．Para.9
D．The
strange
behaviour
of
the
cat.
5．Paras.10－11
E．Will
went
to
another
world.
6．Para.12
F．Will
found
a
different
world.
7．Paras.13－15
G．Will
saw
a
cat.
[答案] 1－5 GDABF 6－7 EC
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P16－17教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．How
did
Will
feel
before
he
saw
the
cat?
A．Excited.
B．Curious.
C．Tired.
D．Interested.
2．What
happened
after
the
cat
vanished?
A．Will
found
some
angels.
B．The
lights
went
out
suddenly.
C．Will
turned
away
and
made
for
home.
D．Will
found
a
patch
out
of
the
air.
3．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
about
the
patch
according
to
the
text?
A．Will
had
cut
the
patch
out
of
air.
B．The
patch
was
almost
square
in
shape
and
less
than
a
metre
across.
C．From
most
positions，the
patch
was
completely
visible.
D．The
patch
could
be
easily
seen
from
behind.
4．What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage?
A．Will
missed
his
home
and
thought
his
home
was
better
than
the
new
world.
B．Will
didn't
want
to
go
back
after
he
entered
the
new
world.
C．Will
stood
up
and
looked
around
for
his
cat.
D．Will
realized
that
he
was
dreaming
when
he
entered
the
new
world.
[答案] 1－4 CDBB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P16－17教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Will
was
unable
to
think
clearly
with
1.exhaustion(exhaust)
and
he
stood
trying
to
clear
his
mind
when
he
saw
a
cat.Putting
down
his
shopping
bag，Will
held
out
his
hand;
the
cat
came
up
to
rub
her
head
2.against
his
knuckles.
Finally
the
cat
turned
away
padding
across
the
road
and
towards
the
bushes,
in
front
of
3.which
she
stopped.There,
Will
saw
her
behave
4.curiously(curious);
she
reached
out
a
paw
to
pat
something
in
the
air.After
the
second
try,
the
cat
5.stepped(step)
forward
and
vanished.
Will
went
across
the
road
and
came
to
the
spot，only
6.to
find(find)
that
it
was
a
patch
in
7.the
air
that
the
cat
vanished
into.8.Wondering(wonder)
what
it
was
on
the
other
side
of
the
patch，he
scrambled
through
the
hole
without
9.hesitation(hesitate)
into
another
world，and
there
he
found
10.amazing
(amaze)
sceneries
which
fascinated
Will.With
a
dawning
light?headedness,
he
began
to
look
around
for
the
cat,
his
guide.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
2
Fantasy
Literature
–
Philip
Pullman
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．There
were
balloons
of
all
shapes(形状)
and
sizes
in
the
sky.
2．The
soil
was
washed
away
by
the
flood,
exposing
bare(光秃秃的)
rocks.
3．Bitten(咬，咬伤)
by
a
dog,
the
little
boy
did
not
dare
to
play
with
dogs
again.
4．When
I
walked
in,
I
found
that
he
was
bending(弯腰，屈身)
over
his
desk
to
have
a
rest.
5．I
have
some
doubt
whether
he
is
the
best
man
for
the
job.
6．To
watch
over
the
sick
baby,
the
mother
remained
awake
all
the
night.
7．A
fire
broke
out
in
their
school,
and
it
caused
much
alarm．
8．Many
people
throughout
history
have
dreamed
of
a
world
without
war.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．behave
v．表现，举动→behaviour
n．举止，行为
2．hesitate
v．犹豫，迟疑→hesitation
n．犹豫，迟疑
3．direct
v．指导，指引→direction
n．方向
4．long
v．渴望→longing
n．渴望
5．rough
adj.粗略的；粗糙的→roughly
adv.大概地，粗略地
v.＋?ion→n.
v.＋?ing→n.
hesitation犹豫，迟疑exhaustion疲惫，精疲力竭attraction吸引
longing渴望warning警告beginning开始
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．play
an
important
part
in
在……中起重要作用
2．put
down
放下
3．hold
out
伸出
4．come
up
to
朝……走过来
5．turn
away
走开
6．sweep
over
向……扩展
7．keep
one's
eyes
on
注视，盯着看
8．fix
on
注视，凝视
9．cast
about
寻找，搜索，想办法
10．look
around
for
四处寻找
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．She
sat
still，her
eyes
fixed
on
that
picture
hanging
on
the
wall.
2．The
old
lady
looked
around
for
a
porter
to
help
her
with
her
luggage.
3．Parents
play
an
important
part
in
our
character
shaping.
4．The
programme
was
so
exciting
that
the
children
kept
their
eyes
on
the
screen.
5．This
piece
of
work
does
not
seem
to
come
up
to
the
required
standard.
sweep＋prep./adv.→动词短语
on＋n.→介词短语
sweep
over向……扩展sweep
away消灭，扫除sweep
up打扫
on
end竖起；连续不断地on
duty值日，值班on
fire着火
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.Then
she
leapt
backwards,
back
arched
and
fur
on
end,
tail
held
out
stiffly.然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。
独立主格结构。
由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。Her
glasses
broken,
she
couldn't
see
the
words
on
the
blackboard.
2.It
looked
as
if
someone
had
cut
a
patch
out
of
the
air,
about
two
metres
from
the
edge
of
the
road,
a
patch
roughly
square
in
shape
and
less
than
a
metre
across.看上去就像有人在距离路边大约两米的地方将空间切开了一块，它大体呈方形，不到一米宽。
as
if引导表语从句。
她看起来仿佛刚从外太空回来似的。It
looked
as
if
she
had
just
come
back
from
outer
space.
3.He
found
himself
standing
under
a
row
of
trees.
他发现自己站在一排树下。
find＋oneself＋宾补，意为“发现自己……”。
醒来时，他发现自己躺在沙发上。When
he
woke
up,
he
found
himself
lying
on
a
sofa.
behave
v．表现，举动
(教材P16)The
cat
behaves
in
a
strange
way.
这只猫的举止异常。
(1)behave
well/badly
举止得体/不当
behave
oneself
注意举止，守规矩
(2)behavio(u)r
n.
举止，行为
①Parents
should
educate
their
children
to
behave
well.
父母应当教育子女举止得体。
②You'd
better
behave
yourself(you),
otherwise
you
will
be
made
fun
of.
你最好规矩一点，否则你会被取笑的。
③It's
bad
behaviour(behave)
for
a
man
to
smoke
in
public
places
where
smoking
isn't
allowed.
一个人在禁烟的公共场合吸烟是不当的行为。
(教材P16)Will
put
down
his
shopping
bag
and
held
out
his
hand,
and
the
cat
came
up
to
rub
her
head
against
his
knuckles,
just
as
Moxie
did.
威尔放下他的购物袋，伸出手，那只猫跑过来用头在他的指关节上磨蹭，正如莫克西所做的那样。
(1)put
down放下；写下，记下；镇压；降落；让某人下车
写出下列句子中put
down的意思
①Put
down
that
knife
before
you
hurt
somebody！
放下
②A
series
of
uprisings
was
put
down
by
the
army.
镇压
③Mary
is
really
good
at
taking
notes
in
class.She
can
put
down
almost
every
word
her
teacher
says.
写下，记下
put
away
收拾；储存
put
aside
把……放在一边；忽视
put
forward
提出(意见，建议)
put
out
扑灭；伸出；出版
put
off
推迟，拖延
put
up
举起；张贴；搭建；留宿
put
up
with
容忍
④To
make
space
in
the
bedroom,
she
put
away
her
winter
clothes
in
the
upstairs
bedroom.
为了在卧室里腾出地方来，她把她的冬装全收起来放在楼上那间卧室里了。
(2)hold
out伸出；坚持；维持
hold
back
阻止；抑制；隐瞒
hold
on
继续；抓住不放；(打电话)不挂断
hold
on
to
抓住；坚持；不放弃
hold
up
举起；支撑；使停顿；耽误
⑤If
everyone
holds
out
their
friendly
hands
to
the
needy
people，our
world
will
be
better
and
better.
如果每个人都向处于困境之人伸出友谊之手，我们的世界就会越来越好。
⑥We
were
short
of
water
but
could
hold
out
for
another
day.
我们虽然缺水，但还可以再坚持一天。
⑦Don't
hold
anything
back;
tell
me
all
that
you
know.
不要隐瞒任何事情；把你所知道的都告诉我。
⑧I
was
held
up
on
the
way
here
in
the
traffic
jam,
thus
causing
the
delay.
我遭遇到了交通堵塞，结果迟到了。
longing
n．渴望
(教材P16)Of
course，every
cat
behaved
like
that，but
all
the
same
Will
felt
such
a
longing
to
turn
for
home
that
tears
scalded
his
eyes.
当然，所有猫都是那样的。尽管如此，威尔还是渴望回家，以至于热泪充满了他的双眼。
long
for
sb./sth.
渴望……
long
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.
渴望(某人)做某事
①The
lonely
child
is
longing
for
the
love
of
his
mother.
这个孤独的孩子渴望母亲的爱。
②Lucy
had
always
longed
for
a
brother.
露西一直渴望有个弟弟。
③Mike
longs
to
do(do)
something
for
the
people
across
the
sea.
迈克期望能为海外的人们做一些事情。
turn
away走开；转过脸去；不准进入
(教材P16)Eventually
this
cat
turned
away.
最终，这只猫转身走开了。
写出下列句子中turn
away的意思
①Because
the
hall
was
full,
many
people
were
turned
away.
拒绝进入
②She
turned
away,
pretending
to
look
at
somewhere
else.
转过脸去
③With
a
hopeless
sigh,
he
turned
away
at
last.
走开
turn
to
翻到；求助于
turn
in
上交
turn
on/off
打开/关掉
turn
up
出现，露面；开大，调大
turn
down
关小，调低；拒绝
turn
over
翻动；移交
turn
out
结果是；生产
④You
can
always
turn
to
him
for
help
if
you
meet
with
difficulty.
如果遇到困难，你总是可以找他帮忙。
keep
one's
eyes
on
注视，盯着看
(教材P16)When
it
had
gone
past
he
crossed
the
road,
keeping
his
eyes
on
the
spot
where
the
cat
had
been
investigating.
卡车开过去后，他穿过马路，眼睛盯着那只猫一直在打量的地方。
fix
one's
eyes
on
注视，凝视
keep
an
eye
on
注意，留意；看护
look
sb.in
the
eye
直视，正视某人
catch
one's
eye
引起……的注意
have
an
eye
for
对……有鉴赏力/判断力
①Jack
fixed/kept
his
eyes
on
Mr.Brown's
face
and
waited
for
his
answer.
杰克注视着布朗先生的脸，等候着他的回复。
②She
was
cooking
while
she
was
keeping
an
eye
on
her
baby
sleeping
in
the
cradle.
她一边看护着睡在摇篮中的婴儿一边做饭。
③Linda
is
a
fashionable
young
girl;
she
has
an
eye
for
fashion.
琳达是一个年轻时尚的女孩子；她对时装有鉴赏力。
shape
n．&
v．形状；外形；造成……形状；塑造
(教材P16)It
looked
as
if
someone
had
cut
a
patch
out
of
the
air,
about
two
metres
from
the
edge
of
the
road,
a
patch
roughly
square
in
shape
and
less
than
a
metre
across.
看上去就像有人在距离路边大约两米的地方将空间切开了一块，它大体呈方形，不到一米宽。
(1)in
shape
在形状上；健康的
out
of
shape
变形的，走样的；不健康
in
the
shape
of
以……的形式；呈……的形状
(2)shape...into...
把……加工/塑造成……
①Our
behavior
is
often
shaped
by
little
pressures
around
us,
which
we
fail
to
recognize.
我们周围小的压力经常会塑造我们的行为，这一点我们没有意识到。
②The
garden
behind
our
house
is
in
the
shape
of
a
square.
我们房子后面的花园是方形的。
③The
children
enjoy
shaping
the
snow
into
figures
of
people
and
animals.
孩子们喜欢把雪做成人和动物的形状。
doubt
n．&
v．怀疑；疑惑
(教材P17)But
Will
knew
without
the
slightest
doubt
that
that
patch
of
grass
on
the
other
side
was
in
a
different
world.
但是威尔深信不疑，另一边的那块草地在一个不同的世界里。
(1)have
doubt
about/whether
...
怀疑……
have
no
doubt
about/that
...
不怀疑……
There
is
some
doubt
about/whether...
怀疑……
There
is
no
doubt
that
...
毫无疑问……
without/beyond
doubt
毫无疑问；一定地
(2)doubt
sth.
怀疑某事
doubt
whether(if)
...
怀疑是否……
(3)doubtful
adj.
怀疑的
①If
you
have
any
doubts
about
your
health,
you'd
better
consult
your
doctor
at
once.
你如果对自己的健康有任何疑问，最好马上咨询你的医生。
②I
have
doubt
whether
he
will
keep
his
word/promise.我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。
③He
studies
very
hard;
there
is
no
doubt
that
he
will
pass
the
exam.
他学习很努力；毫无疑问他会通过这次考试。
hesitate
v．犹豫，迟疑
(教材P17)What
he
saw
made
his
head
swim
and
his
heart
thump
harder,
but
he
didn't
hesitate
...
他看到的一切使他头晕目眩，心跳加速，但是他却丝毫没有迟疑……
(1)hesitate
about/over
(doing)
sth.
对……犹豫不决
hesitate
to
do
sth.
对做……有顾虑
(2)hesitation
n.
犹豫，踌躇
without
hesitation
毫不犹豫地
①He's
still
hesitating
about
taking
part
in
the
sports
meeting.
他对是否参加运动会仍拿不定主意。
②Please
do
not
hesitate
to
contact(contact)
me
if
you
have
any
question.
如果有疑问请尽管和我联系。
③No
matter
when
our
motherland
needs
us,
we
will
go
without
hesitation.
无论什么时候，只要祖国需要我们，我们就会毫不犹豫地出发。
(教材P16)Then
she
leapt
backwards,
back
arched
and
fur
on
end,
tail
held
out
stiffly．
然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。
【要点提炼】 句中的back
arched
and
fur
on
end,
tail
held
out
stiffly为名词后接介词短语和过去分词构成的独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
(1)独立主格结构的构成：
名词/代词＋
(2)独立主格结构的功能：独立主格结构在句中可以作时间、原因、条件或伴随状语等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
①The
new
teacher
came
in,
a
smile
on
her
face.
新老师面带微笑走了进来。
②The
girl
staring(stare)
at
him,
he
didn't
know
what
to
say.
姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。
③He
lied
on
the
grass
listening
to
music,
his
eyes
closed(close)．
他躺在草地上，听着音乐，闭着眼睛。
1．(教材P16)It
wasn't
easy,
because
there
was
nothing
to
fix
on,
but
when
he
came
to
the
place
and
cast
about
to
look
closely,
he
saw
it.
【分析】 句中but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中包含because引导的原因状语从句，不定式短语to
fix
on作后置定语修饰前面的nothing；第二个分句中包含when引导的时间状语从句，不定式短语to
look
closely作目的状语。
【翻译】 这并不容易，因为他无法将目光集中在某件东西上。但是当他靠近那个地方，设法仔细观察时，他看出了端倪。
2．(教材P17)You
could
only
see
it
from
the
side
nearest
the
road,
and
you
couldn't
see
it
easily
even
from
there,
because
all
you
could
see
through
it
was
exactly
the
same
kind
of
thing
that
lay
in
front
of
it
on
this
side:
a
patch
of
grass
lit
by
a
street
light.
【分析】 and连接两个并列分句；第二个分句中包含because引导的原因状语从句，其中you
could
see
through
it为定语从句修饰all；that
lay
in
front
of
it
on
this
side也是定语从句修饰thing；冒号后面的部分是对the
same
kind
of
thing的解释说明。
【翻译】 只有从最靠近马路的一边才能看到它，但即使从那儿也很难看到，因为透过它，你所看到的一切与这边的完全相同：被一盏街灯照亮的一片草地。
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1．Despite
our
worries，everything
turns
out
well.
2．The
article
raised
many
doubts(doubt)about
how
effective
the
new
drug
really
was.
3．I
have
no
hesitation(hesitate)
in
recommending
her
for
the
job.
4．We
shouldn't
overlook
the
important
role
parents
play
in
children's
growth.
5．Mr
Brown
walked
into
the
office
with
his
eyes
fixed
(fix)
on
the
open
window.
6．If
we
cut
down
on
the
working
hours，the
workers
will
definitely(definite)
work
harder
to
improve
their
efficiency.
7．Peter，could
you
put
down
your
cell
phone
and
help
your
mother
wash
the
dishes?
8．Chemicals
added
to
food
may
be
responsible
for
children's
bad
behaviour(behave)．
9．I
wanted
to
tell
him
the
truth，but
something
held
me
back．
10．I
would
like
to
give
you
a
lift，but
I'm
going
in
the
opposite
direction(direct)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Parents
should
teach
their
children
how
to
behave
good
at
table.
good→well
2．On
hearing
the
gunshot,
all
people
fled
to
all
directions.
to→in
3．Sam
had
an
accident
a
few
days
ago,
so
many
people
doubted
he
could
join
the
match.
doubted后加whether/if
4．There
were
no
buses,
they
had
to
take
a
taxi
to
go
home.
were→being或they前加so
5．He
stood
there,
his
eyes
fixing
on
the
picture
on
the
wall,
lost
in
thought.
fixing→fixed
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1．天气允许的话，明天我们出去野餐。
Weather
permitting,
we'll
go
for
a
picnic
tomorrow.(permit)
2．我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子围住了。
I
found
myself
surrounded
by
a
group
of
children
full
of
curiosity.(find)
3．看！因为撞车，这辆车的前部现在已经完全变形了。
Look!
The
front
part
of
the
car
is
now
totally
out
of
shape
due
to
the
crash.(shape)
4．毫无疑问，吸烟会严重损害我们的健康。
There
is
no
doubt
that
smoking
can
seriously
damage
our
health.(doubt)
5．我们错过了公共汽车，看来我们好像必须要乘坐出租车了。
We
have
missed
the
bus.
It
looks
as
if
we'll
have
to
take
a
taxi.(look)
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