Module
3
Interpersonal
Relationships
--
Friendship
动词?ing形式(Ⅱ)和动词不定式作宾语
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.Having
lost
all
my
old
friends,
I
felt
shy
and
lonely
at
my
new
school.2.Having
left
something
in
the
cloakroom,
I
went
inside
to
get
it.3.This
weekend,
having
thought
about
the
situation
for
a
while,
I
decided
to
ask
Roy
about
the
theft.4.I'll
never
forget
meeting
her.She
was
so
kind
to
me.5.I
won't
forget
to
meet
her
after
school.6.Remember
to
keep
in
touch
when
you
go
away.7.Do
you
remember
going
to
school
for
the
first
time？
1.前三个例句中动词?ing形式的完成式在句中作状语，后四个例句中动词?ing形式与动词不定式均作宾语。2.动词?ing形式的完成式作状语时，其表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。3.句4和句7中作宾语的动词?ing形式的动作已经发生，句5和句6中作宾语的动词不定式的动作尚未发生。
一、动词?ing形式的完成式作状语
动词?ing形式的完成式的构成为having
done；否定式为not
having
done；被动式为having
been
done。
动词?ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词表示的动作之前，常在句中作时间、原因、让步状语等，可转换成相应的状语从句。
Having
written
the
letter,
he
went
to
post
it.
＝After
he
had
written
the
letter,
he
went
to
post
it.
写完信后，他去寄走它。
Not
having
studied
his
lessons
very
hard,
he
failed
the
examination.
＝Because
he
hadn't
studied
his
lessons
very
hard,
he
failed
the
examination.
因为没有努力学习，所以他考试不及格。
Having
been
told
many
times,
he
still
repeated
the
same
mistake.
＝Although
he
had
been
told
many
times,
he
still
repeated
the
same
mistake.
已经被告知多次，他仍犯同样的错误。
[名师点津]
动词?ing形式的一般式和完成式作状语的区别
(1)动词?ing形式的一般式作状语时所表示的动作与主句谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，常表示时间、条件、原因或结果等。
(2)动词?ing形式的完成式作状语时所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，常表示时间或原因。
Seeing
those
pictures，he
couldn't
help
thinking
of
those
days
in
Yan'an.
当他看到那些图片时，就禁不住想起了在延安的那些日子。
Having
got
our
tickets，we
drove
to
the
airport
to
board
the
plane.
买到机票之后，我们就开车到机场登机。
[即时训练1] 用动词?ing形式完成句子
①Having
left
the
wallet
in
my
office(把钱包忘在办公室了)，I
had
no
money
to
pay
for
the
ticket.
②Not
having
completed
the
project(还没完成这个项目),
they
won't
stop
to
have
a
rest.
③Walking
along
the
street(在街上散步时),
he
came
across
an
old
friend.
二、动词?ing形式与动词不定式作宾语
1．下列动词(短语)跟动词?ing形式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：
建议考虑坚持练，(suggest，advise，consider，insist
on,
practise)
允许想象弃冒险，(permit，allow，imagine，give
up，risk)
阻止抵抗否逃脱，(prevent，resist，deny，escape)
不禁介意保持完，(can't
help，mind，keep，finish)
耽误推迟求原谅，(delay，put
off，require，forgive，excuse)
承认错过欣喜欢。(admit，miss，appreciate，enjoy)
I
suggest
going
out
to
have
a
rest
after
studying
for
one
hour.
我建议在学习一小时之后出去休息一下。
He
got
well?prepared
for
the
job
interview,
for
he
couldn't
risk
losing
the
good
opportunity.
他为这次工作面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。
[名师点津]
advise,
allow,
forbid,
permit等动词后可直接跟动词?ing形式作宾语，也可跟不定式作补语。
We
don't
allow
eating
in
the
classroom.
我们不允许在教室里吃饭。
You
can't
allow
fear
to
impact
how
you
operate.
你不能让恐惧影响你的行为方式。
2．下列动词跟动词不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：
同意提出作计划，(agree，offer，intend，plan)
要求答应来帮忙。(demand，promise，help)
准备决定遭拒绝，(prepare，decide，refuse)
敢于选择有希望。(choose，wish，hope，want，expect)
不能做到莫假装，(fail，pretend)
设法做成决心强。(manage，determine)
恳求安排又威胁，(beg，arrange，threaten)
声称目标不犹豫。(claim，aim，hesitate)
We
agreed
to
meet
here
but
so
far
she
hasn't
turned
up
yet.
我们约好在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。
They
managed
to
finish
the
work
on
time.
他们设法按时完成了工作。
3．可接动词?ing形式和不定式作宾语且意义差别不大的动词
(1)hate，love，like，prefer等动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意义虽相同，内涵却有些区别——接不定式作宾语时，多表示一次性的、具体的动作；接动名词作宾语时，多表示习惯性的、一般性的动作。
I
like
swimming,
but
I
don't
like
to
swim
in
this
river.
我喜欢游泳，但是我不喜欢在这条河里游泳。
(2)begin，start，continue等少数几个动词后接动名词或不定式作宾语时意义基本相同。但如果
begin，start
等用于进行时态，或其主语是物而非人时，须用不定式。
Tom
began
to
learn/learning
how
to
use
a
computer.
汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。
She
was
starting
to
do
her
homework.
她正开始做作业。
4．既可以接动词?ing形式又可以接动词不定式作宾语，且含义不同的常见动词
Don't
you
remember
telling
me
the
story
yesterday?
难道你不记得昨天给我讲过这个故事了吗？
Please
remember
to
give
my
best
regards
to
your
family.
请记着代我向你的家人问好。
At
the
amusing
performance,
the
audience
couldn't
help
laughing.
看到这滑稽的表演，观众们不禁笑了起来。
I'm
busy
studying,
so
I
can't
help
(to)
do
the
housework.
我忙着学习，所以不能帮忙做家务。
[名师点津]
need，want，require
作“需要”讲，且句子的主语和谓语动词后的非谓语动词之间是被动关系时，这些动词后面可接v.?ing形式的主动式，也可接不定式的被动式。
The
windows
need
cleaning.
＝The
windows
need
to
be
cleaned.
窗户需要擦了。
[即时训练2] 完成句子
①I
promise
to
do(答应做)
everything
I
can
do
to
help
you.
②I
went
to
the
station
ahead
of
time
this
morning
to
avoid
missing(避免错过)
the
bus.
③This
plant
needs
watering/to
be
watered(需要浇水)
twice
a
week.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Cars
are
not
allowed
to
go(go)
through
the
city
centre.
2．I
have
long
been
looking
forward
to
meeting(meet)
you.
3．You
should
learn
to
be(be)
independent
of
your
parents.
4．I
regretted
making(make)
the
speech
at
the
meeting.
5．I
haven't
decided
when
to
start(start)；I'm
thinking
it
over
in
my
mind.
6．She
likes
swimming
but
she
doesn't
like
to
swim(swim)
this
afternoon.
7．After
he
had
finished
his
maths，he
went
on
to
do(do)
his
physics.
8．Having
finished(finish)
all
his
homework，Jim
began
to
listen
to
classical
music.
9．Bill
suggested
holding(hold)
a
meeting
on
what
to
do
next.
10．Not
having
caught(not，catch)
the
last
bus，he
was
late
and
was
the
last
one
to
get
to
the
destination.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Yesterday
afternoon,
helped
me
finish
my
homework,
Mom
started
to
do
housework.
helped前加having
2．Please
remember
bring
me
the
book
I
want
next
time.
remember后加to
3．I
appreciate
you
helped
me
out
of
the
trouble,
Sir.
helped→helping
4．She
can't
help
cleaning
the
house
because
she
is
busy
making
a
cake.
cleaning→clean
5．As
a
result
of
the
serious
flood,
two
thirds
of
the
buildings
in
the
area
need
repaired.
repaired→repairing
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．还没读完这本书，比尔不会停下来去睡觉。
Not
having
finished
reading
the
book，Bill
won't
stop
to
go
to
bed.
2．今天早上我很早就起床了，以避免错过航班。
I
got
up
very
early
this
morning
to
avoid
missing
the
flight．
3．你千万要记得把这一切告诉他。
You
must
remember
to
tell
him
all
about
it.
4．把钥匙忘在办公室了，我不得不回去拿。
Having
left
the
key
in
my
office，I
had
to
go
back
and
get
it.
5．我建议晚饭后去散步。
I
suggested
going
for
a
walk
after
supper.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
3
Interpersonal
Relationships
--
Friendship
有关交友的短文
关于人际关系和如何交友的文章一般有记叙和议论两种体裁，每种体裁都有不同的写作特点：
记叙文：什么时间、什么地点、如何结识朋友的；你对朋友的第一印象；你朋友的性格；你与朋友之间的交往，有什么共同的爱好等等。语言生动、真实、贴切为准则。
议论文：对于如何处理人际关系和友谊，表述观点，可从正反两个方面阐述，最后要表达自己的想法。如果为了让读者对你的观点更加信服，可适当列举一些典型的事例。
1．I'm
writing
to
give
you
some
tips
about
how
to
maintain
your
friendship
with
your
old
friends.
2．I'm
writing
to
apologize
to
you
for
not
keeping
my
promise.
3．I
suggest
that
you
should
join
a
club
so
that
you
can
get
in
touch
with
those
who
share
the
same
interest
with
you.
4．If
I
were
you,
I
would
spend
more
time
communicating
with
people
around
me.
5．Just
as
a
famous
saying
goes,
a
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
6．I'm
sorry
to
have
broken
my
promise,
but
I
didn't
mean
to.
7．I
was
just
leaving
home
when
it
suddenly
rained
heavily.
8．I
was
so
busy
with
my
homework
that
I
thought
about
nothing
else.
9．You
can
share
your
happiness
and
sorrow
with
your
old
friends
so
that
you
won't
feel
stressful
in
life.
10．I
hope
that
we
will
remain
good
friends
no
matter
what
happens
in
the
future.
请根据下述内容，以“Wang
Fang,
My
Good
Friend”为题目，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。
1．王芳是我的好朋友，性格活泼，我们关系很好；
2．我永远忘不了我们第一次见面时的情景；
3．她在学习上对我帮助很大，我非常感激她；
4．尽管我们有时吵架，但很快就和解了。她永远是我的好朋友。
体裁
记叙文
时态
一般现在时和一般过去时
主题
介绍好朋友
人称
第一人称和第三人称
结构
第一段：介绍好朋友王芳。第二段：描述第一次见面。第三段：介绍她对我的帮助并表示感谢。第四段：总结全文。
Ⅰ.对接模块词汇
1．lively
活泼的，有生气的
2．quarrel
吵架，争吵
3．be
on
good
terms
with
与某人关系很好
4．from
the
bottom
of
one's
heart
真心诚意地，发自内心地
5．make
up
和好，和解
Ⅱ.巧用模块句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．王芳，我的好朋友，性格很活泼，大家都喜欢她。
Wang
Fang,
my
good
friend,
has
so
lively
a
personality
that
she
is
popular
with
everyone.
2．我们在同一个班两年了，关系一直很好。
Having
been
in
the
same
class
for
two
years,
we
are
on
good
terms
with
each
other.
3．我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面。
I
shall
never
forget
the
first
time
we
met．
4．没有她的帮助，我就不会取得这么大的进步。
Without
her
help,
I
wouldn't
have
made
such
great
progress．
(二)句式升级
5．用which引导的定语从句改写句1
Wang
Fang,
my
good
friend,
has
a
lively
personality,
which
makes
her
popular
with
everyone.
6．用否定词开头的倒装句改写句3
Never
shall
I
forget
the
first
time
we
met.
[参考范文]
Wang
Fang,
My
Good
Friend
Wang
Fang,
my
good
friend,
has
a
lively
personality,
which
makes
her
popular
with
everyone.Having
been
in
the
same
class
for
two
years,
we
are
on
good
terms
with
each
other.
Never
shall
I
forget
the
first
time
we
met.On
that
day，when
she
was
led
into
our
classroom,
I
liked
her
at
the
first
sight.Naturally，we
became
good
friends
later.
She
always
helps
me
with
my
study,
especially
in
English.Without
her
help,
I
wouldn't
have
made
such
great
progress.I
appreciate
her
help
from
the
bottom
of
my
heart.
Although
we
quarrel
sometimes,
we
make
up
soon.I
think
we
will
be
good
friends
forever.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
3
Interpersonal
Relationships
--
Friendship
Friendship
我们都渴望友谊天长地久，但如何才能做到呢？让我们到文中去寻找答案吧！
Without
friendship,
we
are
just
like
angel
without
wings.
But
how
to
maintain
a
true
friendship?
Please
read
the
following
passage.
Friendship
is
absolutely
essential
to
people's
life.
A
man
without
friends
is
an
angel
without
wings,
whose
life
will
suffer
in
the
long
tolerance
of
loneliness
and
depression.
Friendship
is
the
mother
of
our
soul,
who'll
warm
her
kids
when
hurt
occurs.
We
have
much
to
share
with
our
friends
in
life,
trouble,
excitement,
bitterness
etc.
So,
it's
great
to
maintain
a
true
friendship.
It
takes
many
special
qualities
to
make
a
friend.
Understanding
should
come
first.
Only
when
we
get
a
better
understanding
of
each
other
will
we
obtain
a
true
and
meaningful
friendship.
We
may
find
our
hobbies
of
common
interests.
This
feeling
of
strong
liking
gets
us
closer
and
closer.
It
also
takes
a
special
kind
of
love
that
seems
to
know
no
end.
Never
hesitate
to
show
your
heartfelt
care
and
kindness
to
your
friend
when
he/she
is
in
trouble.
Love
is
not
selfish.
Love
is
endowed
by
God
that
we
should
treasure
all
our
life.
Tolerance
is
the
third
essential
part
in
friendship.
We
are
absolutely
different
persons.
This
individual
distinction
may
cause
conflict
between
us
in
every
aspect
of
our
life.
Don't
care
yourself
too
much.
Try
to
tolerate
him/her
in
an
introspective
mood.
Saints
are
not
perfect,
let
alone
those
ordinary
people
like
us.
Afterwards，we
should
get
a
good
communication.
Understanding,
love
and
tolerance
are
the
first
three
essentials
that
come
to
an
authentic
friendship.
Other
qualities
are
also
concerned
such
as
thoughtfulness,
trust
and
patience.
Remember,
friendship
is
your
spirit's
guard
and
treasure
it.
[阅读障碍词]
1．maintain
v．
维持
2．tolerance
n.
忍受
3．endow
v.
赋予
4．distinction
n.
差别
5．conflict
n.
冲突，矛盾
4．introspective
adj.
反省的
[诱思导读]
1．Why
is
friendship
essential
to
our
life?
Without
friendship,
we
are
just
like
angel
without
wings.
2.
What
are
the
first
three
essentials
that
come
to
an
authentic
friendship?
Understanding,
love
and
tolerance.
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.interpersonal
A．n.数量
( )2.trust
B．n.钞票，纸币
( )3.chat
C．n.偷，盗窃
( )4.note
D．n.义卖会
( )5.financially
E．v.信赖，信任
( )6.amount
F．v.闲谈，聊天
( )7.fair
G．v.筹措(金钱)
( )8.raise
H．v.(使)旋转，(使)摆动
( )9.theft
I．adj.人际关系的，人与人之间的
( )10.swing
J．adv.财政上地
[答案] 1－5 IEFBJ 6－10 ADGCH
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．突然……起来 B．撞伤，撞死 C．偶尔，有时
D．检查，搜查 E．转过身来 F．举起，抬起，耽搁
1．It's
necessary
for
children
to
exchange
ideas
with
parents
from
time
to
time.
2．I
went
through
my
homework
to
make
sure
that
nothing
had
been
missed.
3．During
the
rush
hour,
we
got
held
up
in
the
traffic
jam
on
our
way
back
home.
4．When
he
was
walking
along
the
street，he
was
knocked
over
by
a
car.
5．The
man
turned
round
quickly
to
see
if
someone
was
following
him.
6．Seeing
the
funny
clown
appear
on
the
stage,
all
the
audience
burst
out
laughing.
[答案] 1－6 CDFBEA
Roy's
Story
I
remember
the
first
time
I
met
Roy①.
He
was
standing
in
the
centre
of
a
group
of
boys,
and
he
was
telling
a
joke.
When
he
reached
the
final
line,
everyone
burst
out
laughing.
Roy
laughed
too,
a
loud
happy
laugh.
“Popular
boy，”
I
thought
to
myself.
My
name
is
Daniel.
I
was
the
new
boy
in
the
class.
Our
family
was
from
the
north
of
England,
but
my
father
had
been
offered
a
better
job
in
London,
and
our
whole
family
had
moved
there.
I
was
twelve
and,
having
lost
all
my
old
friends,
I
felt
shy
and
lonely
at
my
new
school.②
罗伊的故事
我还记得第一次见到罗伊的情景。他站在一群男孩子中间，正在讲笑话。他说到最后一句的时候，大家都哄堂大笑起来。罗伊也笑了，是那种开心的大笑。我当时想，“(他是个)受欢迎的男孩”。我叫丹尼尔，是班里新来的男孩。我们家以前在英格兰北部，但是父亲在伦敦找到了一份更好的工作，于是我们全家就搬到了那里。当时我12岁，(由于搬家)我失去了所有的老朋友，因此在新学校里我感到害羞、孤独。
[助读讲解] ①I
met
Roy是定语从句，修饰先行词the
first
time，此处关系词that被省略了。②本句为并列句，and后的分句中现在分词短语的完成式作原因状语，having
lost表示lost这一动作发生在felt这一动作之前。
There
were
33
students
in
my
new
class,
and
most
people
weren't
very
interested
in
a
shy
new
boy.
Roy
was
one
of
the
few
people
who
were
kind
to
me③.
He
often
invited
me
to
join
his
particular
group,
and
as
a
result,
I
started
getting
to
know
people.
Roy
and
I
became
good
friends.
We
trusted
each
other
and
we
could
talk
about
personal
matters,
things
that
were
important
to
us④.
新班级里有33名学生，大部分人对一个新来的害羞的男孩都不太感兴趣。罗伊是少数几个对我友好的人之一。他常邀请我加入他的特殊团体，因而我开始认识人。我和罗伊成了好朋友。我们互相信任，因此可以谈论一些对我们重要的个人问题。
[助读讲解] ③who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the
few
people。④things是personal
matters的同位语，其后是that引导的定语从句修饰先行词things。
Five
years
later,
Roy
and
I
are
still
in
the
same
class.
But
just
under
a
year
ago,
Roy's
father
was
knocked
over
by
a
car.
He
died
a
few
days
later.The
family
had
to
move
to
a
much
smaller
house
in
order
to
manage
financially(财政上地).
Roy,
who
had
always
been
very
close
to
his
father,
changed
completely,
becoming
silent
and
moody(喜怒无常的)．⑤
He
had
always
been
a
clever,
hard?working
student
but
now
he
seemed
to
lose
all
interest
in
his
work.He
started
losing
friends.
These
days,
Roy
and
I
see
each
other
from
time
to
time,
but
we're
no
longer
close(亲密的)．
5年后，我和罗伊还在同一个班级。但就在不到一年前，罗伊的父亲被车撞了，几天后就去世了。他家不得不搬到一个小很多的房子里，以解决经济上的困难。罗伊和他父亲一直十分亲密，(父亲去世后)他彻底变了，变得沉默寡言、喜怒无常。他曾经一直是一个聪明、勤奋的学生，但现在他对学习似乎一点儿也不感兴趣了。他开始失去朋友。最近，我和罗伊还时而见面，但已经不再那么亲密了。
[助读讲解] ⑤who
had
always
been
very
close
to
his
father是who引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Roy；becoming
silent
and
moody为现在分词短语作结果状语。
About
three
months
ago,
a
group
of
us
were
playing
football
together
after
school.
Having
left
something
in
the
cloakroom(衣帽间),
I
went
inside
to
get
it,
and
found
Roy
going
through
the
pockets
of
people's
coats.⑥
In
his
hand
he
had
a
wallet
－
and
I
knew
it
wasn't
his!
My
mouth
fell
open
and
I
just
looked
at
him.Roy
went
bright
red.
“I'll
put
it
back
right
now，”
he
said,
and
he
did
so.I
turned
round
and
walked
out
without
saying
a
word.
大约3个月前，我们一群人放学后在一起踢足球。因为我把东西落在衣帽间了，我就进去取，这时我发现罗伊正在翻别人的衣服口袋。他手里攥着个钱包，而且我知道那不是他的！我张大了嘴，只盯着他。罗伊满面通红。“我马上把它放回去。”他说道，而且也这样做了。我转身走开了，没说一句话。
[助读讲解] ⑥本句为and连接两个并列谓语。Having
left
something
in
the
cloakroom为现在分词的完成式作原因状语；and后found
Roy
going
through
...属于“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
I
really
hoped
that
Roy
would
explain
why
he
had
been
stealing⑦，
but
instead
he
started
avoiding
me.
At
the
same
time，small
amounts
of
money
started
disappearing
from
students'
lockers(衣物柜).
I
wondered
if
the
thief
was
Roy
but
decided
not
to
say
anything
to
anyone.⑧
I
hoped
it
wasn't
him.
我真希望罗伊能跟我解释他偷东西的原因，但他却开始躲避我。同时，一些学生放在衣物柜里的零钱开始丢失。我不知道小偷是不是罗伊，但决定不跟任何人说起。我希望不是他。
[助读讲解] ⑦本句中that引导宾语从句，作hoped的宾语；该宾语从句中又包含一个why引导的宾语从句，作explain的宾语。⑧本句中but连接两个并列的谓语wondered和decided，wondered后为if引导的宾语从句。
Last
week
our
school
had
a
big
fair(义卖会)
in
order
to
raise(筹措)
money
for
a
charity.
It
was
very
successful
and
by
the
end
of
the
day,
we
had
made
about
￡500.
Our
class
teacher,
Mr
White,
came
and
chatted
to
a
group
of
us
that
included
Roy,
and
held
up
a
box
for
us
to
see.
“There's
￡500
in
here，”
he
said
with
a
smile.
But
to
our
surprise,
the
next
morning,
we
were
told
that
the
money
had
been
stolen.
Mr
White
had
left
the
box
in
a
classroom
for
a
few
minutes,
and
when
he
came
back
it
had
disappeared.
The
head
teacher
asked
anyone
who
thought
they
might
know
something
about
the
theft⑨
to
come
to
him.
上周我们学校举办了一个大型的义卖会，为一个慈善机构筹款。这次活动非常成功，一天下来我们就募集到了大约500英镑。我们的班级教师怀特先生进来和我们一群人聊天，包括罗伊，并举起一个盒子给我们看。“这里面有500英镑。”他笑着说。但使我们吃惊的是，第二天早上有人告诉我们说那些钱被人偷走了。怀特先生把那个盒子放在一个教室几分钟，当他回来时，盒子却不翼而飞了。校长要求，不管是谁，只要觉得自己多少知道点这个盗窃案的线索，就去找他谈谈。
[助读讲解] ⑨此处是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词anyone，在这个定语从句中thought后又跟了一个宾语从句，其中省略了引导词that。
This
weekend,
having
thought
about
the
situation
for
a
while⑩，
I
decided
to
ask
Roy
about
the
theft,
and
this
morning
I
went
to
see
him.
Roy
was
out,
and
I
went
upstairs
to
his
bedroom
to
wait
for
him.
It
was
a
cold
day
and
his
jacket
was
lying
on
the
back
of
a
chair.
I
put
it
on
and
put
my
hands
in
the
pockets.
I
could
feel
a
lot
of
paper
notes
and
I
pulled
them
out.
这个周末，我想了会儿(眼下的)情形，决定去问罗伊关于这个盗窃案的事，并且今天早上我去找他了。罗伊出去了，我便上楼去他的卧室等他。天很冷，他的夹克搭在椅背上。我穿上他的夹克，把手伸进口袋里。我能感觉到里面有很多纸币，便把它们拿了出来。
[助读讲解] ⑩having
thought
...
for
a
while为现在分词短语作时间状语。
It
looked
as
if
there
was
about
￡500
there.
I
was
so
surprised
that
I
just
stood
there,
holding
the
notes
in
my
hands.?
At
that
moment,
the
door
swung
open,
and
Roy
walked
in.
看起来似乎大约有500英镑。我是如此吃惊以至于我只是拿着钱站在那儿。就在那时，门开了，罗伊走了进来。
[助读讲解] ?本句为主从复合句。so
...
that
...引导结果状语从句，后面的
holding
the
notes
in
my
hands为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P30－31教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Paras.1－2
A．I
found
Roy
stole
other
students'
wallet.
2．Para.3
B．I
found
Roy
stole
the
money
raised
for
a
charity
by
accident.
3．Paras.4－5
C．I
got
to
know
Roy
and
made
friends
with
him.
4．Paras.6－8
D．Unhappy
things
happened
to
Roy
and
he
changed
completely.
[答案] 1－4 CDAB
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P30－31教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．What
was
Daniel's
life
like
when
he
moved
to
London?
A．He
was
very
shy
and
lonely.
B．His
family
was
very
poor.
C．He
got
on
very
well
with
the
students.
D．Many
students
liked
him.
2．My
first
impression
of
Roy
was
that
he
was
．
A．clever
and
hard?working
B．happy
and
popular
C．silent
and
moody
D．kind
and
friendly
3．How
did
Daniel
and
Roy
become
good
friends?
A．Roy
used
to
tell
Daniel
jokes.
B．Roy
often
helped
Daniel
with
his
homework.
C．Roy
was
kind
to
Daniel，helping
him
get
on
well
in
his
new
school.
D．Roy
and
Daniel
talked
about
personal
matters
with
each
other.
4．After
Daniel
found
Roy
stealing
other
students'
money，Roy
．
A．explained
why
he
had
been
stealing
B．realized
his
mistakes
C．avoided
meeting
Daniel
D．decided
to
give
up
stealing
5．What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage?
A．Roy
and
Daniel
were
not
friends
any
longer.
B．Roy
needed
help
with
life
and
study.
C．Mr.White
is
not
a
successful
teacher.
D．Daniel
didn't
want
to
talk
to
Roy
any
more.
[答案] 1－5 ABCCB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P30－31教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The
first
time
I
met
Roy，I
1.thought(think)
him
a
popular
boy
among
his
classmates，for
he
liked
to
tell
jokes，which
made
others
burst
out
2.laughing(laugh)．Being
a
new
student，I
felt
shy
and
lonely.Roy
was
kind
3.to
me
and
helped
me
get
to
know
my
new
classmates
by
inviting
me
to
join
his
particular
group.We
became
good
friends，4.who
could
share
each
other's
inner
feelings.
It
was
his
father's
5.death(dead)
as
a
result
of
being
knocked
over
by
a
car
that
changed
him
6.completely(complete)．He
became
7.moody(mood)
and
lost
interest
in
his
school
work；furthermore，we
were
no
longer
close.
One
day，I
caught
Roy
8.going(go)
through
the
pockets
of
people's
coats
in
the
cloakroom，a
wallet
in
his
hand.My
mouth
fell
open
and
I
just
looked
at
him
without
being
able
to
say
a
word.Last
week，we
raised
￡
500
for
a
charity，9.but
it
was
stolen
the
next
morning.I
thought
it
might
be
Roy，so
10.having
thought
(think)
about
the
situation
for
a
while，I
decided
to
ask
him
about
the
theft.And
I
went
to
see
him.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
3
Interpersonal
Relationships
--
Friendship
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Do
you
often
chat(聊天)
with
your
parents
about
your
life
in
school?
2．When
will
you
go
to
the
fair(义卖会),
tomorrow
or
some
other
day?
3．The
small
boat
swung(摆动)
crazily
on
the
sea
because
of
the
strong
wind.
4．My
classmates
planned
to
raise
money
for
the
disabled.
5．A
large
amount
of
money
has
already
been
wasted
on
this
project.
6．As
long
as
we
trust
ourselves,
we
can
make
more
progress
in
our
study.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．personal
adj.个人的→interpersonal
adj.人际关系的，人与人之间的
2．close
adj.亲密的，亲近的→closely
adv.密切地
3．finance
n．财政→financial
adj.财政的→financially
adv.财政上地
4．mood
n．心情，心境，情绪→moody
adj.喜怒无常的
5．thief
n．小偷，贼→theft
n．偷，盗窃
前缀inter?
n.＋?y→adj.
interpersonal
adj.人际关系的interchange
n．&
v．交换，互换interdependence
n．互相依靠
moody喜怒无常的healthy健康的wealthy富裕的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．burst
out
突然发生，突然……起来
2．knock...over
(开车)撞伤，撞死；打翻
3．lose
interest
in
对……失去兴趣
4．from
time
to
time
偶尔，有时
5．go
through
检查，搜查；经历
6．turn
round
转过身来
7．raise
money
筹款
8．hold
up
举起，抬起，耽搁
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．After
she
found
herself
cheated
in
the
street,
she
burst
out
crying.
2．He
knocked
over
a
bottle
of
ink
and
ruined
the
table
cloth.
3．She
remains
optimistic
in
spite
of
so
much
hardship
she
has
gone
through．
4．They
did
what
they
could
to
raise
money
for
the
instruction
of
the
primary
school.
5．He
had
to
wipe
the
sweat
from
his
forehead
from
time
to
time
because
the
air
conditioner
broke
down.
“偶尔，有时”短语
turn＋prep./adv.→动词短语
from
time
to
timenow
and
thenonce
in
a
while
turn
round转过身来turn
away走开；不准进入turn
over
翻动；移交
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.I
remember
the
first
time
I
met
Roy.
我还记得第一次见到罗伊的情景。
the
first
time后跟定语从句。
我将永远不会忘记我第一次出国的情景。I'll
never
forget
the
first
time
(that)
I
went
abroad.
2.It
looked
as
if
there
was
about
￡500
there.
看起来似乎大约有500英镑。
as
if引导表语从句。
看起来好像我们队要赢了。It
looks
as
if
our
team
is
going
to
win.
3.I
was
so
surprised
that
I
just
stood
there,
holding
the
notes
in
my
hands.
我是如此吃惊以至于我只是拿着钱站在那儿。
so
...that
...引导结果状语从句。
她气得说不出话来。She
was
so
angry
that
she
couldn't
speak
a
word.
close
adj.亲密的，亲近的；接近的；势均力敌的
adv.接近地；紧挨着
v．关闭；使终止
n．结束，终结
(教材P29)Most
people
have
only
one
close
friend,
someone
they
know
really
well.
大多数人只有一个亲密的朋友，他们真正了解这个朋友。
(1)get/be
close
to
接近，靠近；几乎
close
down
停业；倒闭
bring
...to
a
close
结束(某事)
(2)closed
adj.
关闭的；停止营业的
closely
adv.
密切地；紧密地；仔细地
①Can
we
bring
this
meeting
to
a
close?
我们可以结束这个会议了吗？
②If
the
firms
failed
to
make
enough
money,
they
would
close
down．
如果公司挣不到足够的钱，就会倒闭。
③The
kids
seated
themselves
close
to
the
teacher
and
listened
closely(close)
with
great
interest.
孩子们靠近老师坐着，饶有兴趣地仔细听着。
trust
v．&
n．信赖，信任，相信
(教材P29)A
good
friend
is
someone
you
can
discuss
personal
matters
with,
knowing
that
you
can
trust
him/her.
好朋友是你可以与其讨论个人问题并且知道你能信任他/她的人。
(1)trust
(in)
sb.
信赖某人
trust
sb.to
do
sth.
信任某人做某事
(2)have/put/place
trust
in
相信；信赖
①You
can
trust
me
not
to
tell
anyone.
你可以相信我不会对任何人讲。
②Don't
put
your
trust
in
that
man;
he
may
trick
you.
不要相信那个人，他会骗你的。
burst
out
突然发生，突然……起来
(教材P30)When
he
reached
the
final
line,
everyone
burst
out
laughing.
他说到最后一句的时候，大家都哄堂大笑起来。
burst
in
闯入，突然插嘴
burst
into
闯入；突然……起来
burst
into
tears＝burst
out
crying
突然大哭起来
burst
into
laughter＝burst
out
laughing
捧腹大笑
①The
war
burst
out
in
December
when
people
were
expecting
Christmas.
战争爆发于12月，那时人们正期待着圣诞节的到来。
②The
door
opened
suddenly
and
the
children
burst
in．
门突然打开，孩子们闯了进来。
③Everyone
burst
out
laughing(laugh),
but
the
little
boy
burst
into
tears.
大家都哄堂大笑，但小男孩却嚎啕大哭起来。
knock
...over
(开车)撞伤，撞死；打翻
(教材P30)But
just
under
a
year
ago，Roy's
father
was
knocked
over
by
a
car.
但就在不到一年前，罗伊的父亲被车撞了。
knock
at/on
敲(门、窗等)
knock
down
撞倒；拆除
knock
into
撞上；偶遇
knock
out
击倒；淘汰
①You
should
knock
at/on
the
door
first
before
you
enter
the
teachers'
office.
在进入老师的办公室之前，你应该先敲门。
②I
knocked
into
an
old
friend
of
mine
in
the
park
yesterday.
昨天，我在公园里碰见一位老朋友。
lose
interest
in...对……失去兴趣
(教材P30)He
had
always
been
a
clever,
hard?working
student
but
now
he
seemed
to
lose
all
interest
in
his
work.
他曾经一直是一个聪明、勤奋的学生，但现在他对学习似乎一点儿也不感兴趣了。
(1)have/show/take
(an)
interest
in
对……感兴趣
lose
interest
in
对……失去兴趣
with
interest
有兴趣地
in
the
interest(s)
of
为了……的利益
(2)interesting
adj.
有趣的
interested
adj.
感兴趣的
be
interested
in
对……感兴趣
①If
you
take/show/have
an
interest
in
maths,
you
will
learn
it
well
soon.
如果你对数学感兴趣，你很快就会学好的。
②Speaking
of
football,
he
would
continue
saying
it
with
interest.
一提起足球，他就津津乐道。
③The
government
should
avoid
doing
anything
that
is
not
in
the
interest
of
the
public.
政府应该避免做不符合公众利益的任何事情。
amount
n．数量，数额
v．达到；总计
(教材P31)At
the
same
time,
small
amounts
of
money
started
disappearing
from
students'
lockers.
同时，一些学生放在衣物柜里的零钱开始丢失。
(1)a
large/small
amount
of
大/少量的(作主语时，谓语动词用单数)
(2)large/small
amounts
of
大/少量的(作主语时，谓语动词用复数)
(3)amount
to
达到；等于；总共；共计
①He
has
a
large
amount
of
mails
to
answer
every
day.
他每天有大量的信件要回复。
②Large
amounts
of
money
are(be)
spent
on
the
project.
这个工程耗费了巨额资金。
③You'll
never
amount
to
anything
if
you
spend
your
time
that
way!
你要是老这样消磨时间，将一事无成！
raise
v．筹措(金钱)；举起，抬起；提高；饲养，抚养，养育；提出
(教材P31)Last
week
our
school
had
a
big
fair
in
order
to
raise
money
for
a
charity.
上周，我们学校举办了一个大型义卖会，为一个慈善机构筹款。
写出下列句子中raise的意思
①He
raised
his
arms
above
his
head.
举起
②It's
difficult
to
raise
a
family
on
a
small
income.
养育
③I
want
to
raise
a
new
question
before
the
meeting
is
over.
提出
④Holding
a
charity
fair
is
the
best
way
we
can
think
of
to
raise
money.
筹措
⑤Voices
were
raised
as
the
two
motorists
became
more
bad?tempered.
提高
[明辨异同] raise/rise/arise
原形
过去式
过去分词
用法
raise(vt.)
raised
raised
“举起；抬高”表示主语的动作作用于其他事物，也可表示抽象意义，如提高意识等。
rise
(vi.)
rose
risen
“上升；升起”表示主语自身移向更高的位置。
arise(vi.)
arose
arisen
“出现，发生”常用于事物或问题的出现。
用raise，rise，arise的适当形式填空
⑥With
the
water
in
the
river
rising
rapidly,
many
problems
arose．So
they
wanted
to
raise
some
money
to
help
the
people
in
the
flood?hit
area.
(教材P31)
It
looked
as
if
there
was
about￡500
there.
看起来似乎大约有500英镑。
【要点提炼】 本句中的as
if引导表语从句，用了陈述语气。
as
if即可引导表语从句也可引导状语从句，从句中可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。当使用虚拟语气时，形式如下：
(1)从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去时(be通常用were)；
(2)从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时had
done；
(3)从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原形。
①It
looks
as
if
it
is
going
to
rain.
看来要下雨了。
②The
child
talks
to
us
as
if
he
were(be)
an
adult.
那个小孩跟我们讲话时就像个大人一样。
③He
talked
about
Rome
as
if
he
had
been(be)
there
himself.
他讲起罗马的情况来就好像他亲自到过那里似的。
1．(教材P30)Roy,
who
had
always
been
very
close
to
his
father,
changed
completely,
becoming
silent
and
moody.
【分析】 Roy
changed
completely为句子的主句，who
had
always
been
very
close
to
his
father为定语从句修饰Roy，becoming
silent
and
moody为现在分词短语作结果状语。
【翻译】 罗伊和他父亲一直十分亲密，(父亲去世后)他彻底变了，变得沉默寡言、喜怒无常。
2．(教材P30)Having
left
something
in
the
cloakroom,
I
went
inside
to
get
it,
and
found
Roy
going
through
the
pockets
of
people's
coats.
【分析】 Having
left
something
in
the
cloakroom为现在分词的完成式作原因状语，连词and连接两个并列谓语went和found，to
get
it为不定式作目的状语，going
through
the
pockets
of
people's
coats为宾语Roy的补语，构成find复合结构。
【翻译】 因为我把东西落在衣帽间了，我就进去取，这时我发现罗伊正在翻别人的衣服口袋。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My
kids
spent
hours
chatting(chat)
on
the
WeChat
with
their
friends.
2．Each
of
us
fails
at
times.If
we
are
wise,
we
accept
these
failures
as
a
necessary
part
of
the
learning
process.
3．She
knew
beyond
question
that
I
was
a
person
who
could
be
trusted(trust)．
4．A
moody(mood)
man
is
likely
to
become
unhappy
or
angry
for
no
particular
reason.
5．If
you
break
your
word,
he
will
never
trust
in
you
again.
6．John
used
to
be
charged
with
theft(thief),
which
greatly
affected
his
fame.
7．Carelessly,
I
knocked
over
my
teacup
and
the
tea
spilled
all
over
the
table
cloth.
8．A
large
amount
of
money
is
needed(need)
to
treat
a
case
of
cancer.
9．As
he
grew
older
he
lost
interest
in
anything
except
gardening.
10．Many
Chinese
universities
provide
scholarships
for
students
in
need
of
financial(finance)
aid.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The
coat
is
very
expensive
that
I
don't
want
to
buy
it.
very→so
2．Raising
by
adoptive
parents,
he
received
early
encouragement
from
his
family.
Raising→Raised
3．She
burst
out
tears
immediately
she
heard
the
bad
news.out→into
4．We
watched
the
map
close
to
think
up
a
practical
way
of
going
to
the
island.
close→closely
5．Large
amounts
of
money
has
been
spent
in
bringing
up
his
children
so
far.
has→have
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我确实记得第一次听到世界上最甜美的声音的情景。
I
do
remember
the
first
time
I
heard
the
sweetest
voice
in
the
wide
world.(hear)
2．她当时看起来好像什么事都没发生似的。
She
looked
as
if
nothing
had
happened
to
her．(happen)
3．如果课堂太乏味，学生们会失去学习的兴趣。
If
the
class
is
too
boring，students
will
lose
interest
in
learning．(interest)
4．如今许多人喜欢到户外去接近大自然。
Today
many
people
like
to
go
out
to
get
close
to
nature．(close)
5．汉克幽默的笑话让我捧腹大笑。
Hank's
humorous
joke
made
me
burst
into
laughter．(laughter)
PAGE
-
1
-Module
3
Interpersonal
Relationships
--
Friendship
Part
Ⅰ
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P36－37教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．Happy
times
and
finest
friendship
with
Danny.
2．Para.2
B．My
feeling
of
losing
my
best
friend
for
the
first
time.
3．Paras.3－6
C．My
childhood
friend
Danny.
4．Para.7
D．Our
present
relationships
and
my
feelings.
5．Paras.8－9
E．The
pain
from
Danny
leaving
me.
[答案] 1－5 BCAED
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P36－37教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．What
does
the
word
“them”in
the
sentence“...we
would
chase
the
squirrels
away
and
wait
for
them
to
ripen”
refer
to?
A．Squirrels.
B．Walnuts.
C．Walnut
trees.
D．Tiny
flies.
2．The
following
are
the
results
of
the
author's
slip
except
．
A．hurting
his
arms
B．cutting
his
heel
C．soiling
his
new
shirt
D．tearing
his
underwear
3．Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
words“were
on
good
terms
with”in
the
fifth
paragraph?
A．got
along
well
with
B．were
in
long
terms
C．were
similar
to
D．were
different
from
4．In
the
author's
opinion,
Danny
was
．
A．clever
B．popular
C．brave
D．considerate
[答案] 1－4 BCAD
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P36－37教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I
was
blessed
1.with
a
happy
childhood,
one
that
most
people
would
want
to
have.
Our
neighbours
next
door
had
a
boy
2.
named(name)
Danny
and
I
was
on
good
3.terms(term)
with
him.
We
spent
long
summer
evenings
in
the
pine
forests,
4.digging(dig)
up
worms
for
fishing,
and
collecting
feathers
left
by
the
birds
in
the
cages.
On
5.windy(wind)
days
we'd
slide
down
to
the
loch
and
feel
the
spray
of
the
sea
in
our
faces.
Danny
was
6.a
good
carpenter
and
we
made
brooms
out
of
branches,
which
we
tried
7.to
sell(sell)
in
the
village
shop.
It
was
the
8.finest(fine)
friendship
anyone
could
have,
and
life
9.seemed(seem)
perfect.
10.However,
Danny
and
his
family
moved
and
we
didn't
see
each
other
again.
I
was
in
great
pain
and
wouldn't
forgive
him
for
leaving
me.
Part
Ⅱ
细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P41教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Stephen
and
Julie
started
the
website
of
Friends
Reunited
to
．
A．make
money
B．know
about
the
life
of
Julie's
old
schoolmates
C．find
their
lost
daughter
D．pass
their
time
2．The
fourth
paragraph
serves
as
．
A．a
development
of
the
“Friends
Reunited”
story
B．a
demonstration
to
show
how
to
find
your
old
friends
C．an
example
to
show
the
popularity
of
the
website
D．a
reason
why
the
website
was
started
3．The
attitude
of
the
writer
toward
the
web
of
Friends
Reunited
is
．
A．negative
B．supportive
C．objective
D．respective
[答案] 1－3 BCB
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Life
is
a
gift
and
privilege(特权),
one
we
should
appreciate
every
day
of
our
lives.
2．She
put
the
money
in
her
bag
without
counting(数)
it.
3．The
couple
quarrelled(吵架)
with
each
other
about
how
to
solve
the
financial
problem.
4．I
heard
Tom
had
been
promoted,
but
he
didn't
mention(提到)
it
when
we
talked
on
phone.
5．When
he
was
sliding(滑行)
on
the
snow,
he
slipped(滑倒)
over
and
broke
his
legs.
6．Our
English
teacher
always
makes
his
classes
lively
and
interesting.
7．The
boy
was
scolded
by
his
mother
for
having
broken
the
window.
8．The
enemy
fled
in
all
directions,
but
few
of
them
could
escape.
9．After
she
finished
reading
the
letter,
she
was
so
angry
that
she
tore
it
into
pieces.
10．All
happy
families
are
alike;
each
unhappy
family
is
unhappy
in
its
own
way.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．regret
v．后悔，悔恨→regretful
adj.懊悔的
2．consider
v．考虑→consideration
n．考虑，深思→considerate
adj.体贴的，考虑周到的
3．forgive
v．原谅，宽恕→forgiveness
n．宽恕，饶恕
4．ripe
adj.成熟的→ripen
v．成熟
5．perfect
adj.完美的→perfectly
adv.完美地
6．predict
v．预言，预测→prediction
n．预言，预报
7．lie
v．&
n．撒谎；谎言→liar
n．撒谎者
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．on
the
phone
在通电话
2．make
up
和好，和解
3．keep
in
touch
保持联系
4．lose
touch
with
与……失去联系
5．(be)
ashamed
of
对……感到惭愧/羞耻
6．(be)
blessed
with
享有……的福气
7．(be)
on
good
terms
with
与某人关系很好
8．all
at
once
突然，忽然
9．bring
...to
mind
使……想起
10．in
return
反过来；作为交换
11．belong
to
属于
12．from
the
bottom
of
one's
heart
真心诚意地，发自内心地
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．People
with
a
sense
of
humor
are
always
on
good
terms
with
others.
2．All
at
once
she
decided
she
wasn't
going,
but
she
didn't
explain
why.
3．He
was
always
ready
to
help
others;
in
return,
he
was
liked
by
everyone.
4．Professor
Williams
keeps
telling
his
students
that
the
future
belongs
to
the
well?educated.
5．They
two
finally
made
up
after
two
months'
time
without
even
a
single
word.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.I
was
blessed
with
a
happy
childhood,
one
that
most
people
would
want
to
have.我非常幸运地拥有一个幸福的童年，一段大多数人都希望拥有的时光。
one作同位语。
工人们要求得到能够维持生活的工资。The
workers
are
demanding
to
be
paid
a
living
wage,
one
that
enables
them
to
live
without
hunger
or
hardship.
2.You
love
the
roses
－
so
do
I.
你热爱玫瑰——我也如此。
so＋助动词＋主语。
他完成了家庭作业，我也完成了。He
finished
his
homework.
So
did
I.
3.It
would
have
been
impossible
to
find
my
daughter
without
the
help
of
Friends
Reunited.
要是没有老友重聚网站的帮助，我就不可能找到我女儿。
without短语表示含蓄的虚拟条件。
如果没有你的帮助，我不会取得这么大的进步。I
wouldn't
have
made
such
great
progress
without
your
help.
count
v．数，包括；看作，认为；重要，有价值
(教材P32)Having
counted
the
money,
Mr
White
put
it
in
the
box.
数过钱后，怀特先生把它放进盒子里。
count
in/out
把/不把……算在内
count
...as
...
把……看作……
count
on/upon
指望，依靠
count
for
有价值，重要
①It
is
not
how
much
you
read
but
what
you
read
that
counts.
重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读了什么书。
②If
you
go
to
Beijing
for
a
trip,
please
count
me
in．
如果你去北京旅游的话，请把我算进去。
③You
can
count
on/upon
him
because
he
is
a
reliable
man.
你可以指望他，因为他是个可靠的人。
make
up和好，和解；构成，组成；编造，虚构；弥补，补偿；化妆
(教材P33)They
have
quarrelled
seriously
three
times
but
each
time
they
have
made
up
and
become
best
friends
again.
她们有过三次大的争吵，但是她们每次都言归于好并且再次成为最好的朋友。
写出下列句子中make
up的意思
①Peasants
make
up
over
80
percent
of
the
population
in
that
developing
country.
组成
②Nothing
can
make
up
for
the
loss
of
a
child.
弥补
③She
spent
an
hour
making
up
before
the
party
to
look
more
attractive.
化妆
④Mary
and
John
quarrelled,
but
made
up
after
a
while.
和好
⑤When
she
was
asked
why
she
was
late,
she
made
up
an
excuse
to
the
teacher.
编造
make
up
for
弥补；补偿
be
made
up
of
由……组成
make
out
辨认出，弄清；理解
make
it
成功；赶上；做到
make
sense
有意义，讲得通
⑥The
article
was
so
badly
written
that
I
can
hardly
make
out
what
the
writer
wanted
to
say.
这篇文章写得如此的差，以至于我不能明白作者在说什么。
regret
n．&
v．后悔，悔恨；遗憾；抱歉
(教材P33)Liao
Mei
really
regrets
these
quarrels.
廖梅对于这些争吵很是后悔。
(1)regret
doing/having
done
sth.
后悔做过某事
regret
to
do
sth.
遗憾去做某事
(2)to
one's
regret
令人遗憾的是
with
regret
遗憾地
①Her
regret
was
that
she
never
had
the
chance
of
seeing
him.
遗憾的是她从来没有机会见到他。
②Much
to
my
regret,
I'm
unable
to
accept
your
kind
invitation.
我不能接受你的盛情邀请，非常遗憾。
③I
regretted
to
tell(tell)
him
that
he
had
been
dismissed.To
my
surprise,
he
said
to
me,
“
I
only
regret
taking/having
taken(take)
the
wrong
job.”
我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。使我惊讶的是，他对我说，“我唯一后悔的是选错了工作。”
considerate
adj.体贴的，考虑周到的
(教材P36)He
was
a
very
considerate
boy
for
someone
so
young.
对于一个还那么小的孩子来说，他非常会照顾人。
be
considerate
to/towards
对……体贴
It's
considerate
of
sb.to
do
sth.
某人做某事考虑很周到
①He
is
always
considerate
to/towards
old
people.
他对老年人一向很体贴。
②It
was
considerate
of
Michael
to
inform(inform)
us
of
his
delay
in
case
we
got
worried.
米歇尔通知我们他的延误以防我们担心，他真是考虑周全。
(be)
on
good
terms
with
与某人关系很好
(教材P36)We
were
on
good
terms
with
everyone
in
the
village,
and
we
even
gave
a
salute
to
the
local
policeman
as
he
passed
on
his
bicycle.
我们跟村里的每个人都相处得很好。连当地的警察骑着自行车经过时，我们都会向他敬礼。
be
on
bad
terms
with
sb.
与某人关系不好
come
to
terms
with
sb.
向某人妥协
in
terms
of
就……而言
in
the
long/short
term
就长期/短期而言
①He
is
on
bad
terms
with
everyone,
so
he
feels
lonely.他与每个人的关系都不好，因此他很孤独。
②The
job
is
great
in
terms(term)
of
salary,
but
it
has
its
disadvantages.
就薪金而言，这个工作倒不错，但也有一些不利之处。
③In
the
long
term,
it's
necessary
to
be
on
good
terms
with
people
around
us,
so
we
should
learn
to
come
to
terms
with
others.
从长远来看，与周围的人处好关系很重要，因此我们要学会迁就别人。
forgive
v．原谅，宽恕
(教材P37)The
pain
was
acute，and
I
couldn't
forgive
Danny
for
leaving
me.
那种痛苦是剧烈的，我不能原谅丹尼离我而去。
(1)forgive
sb.sth.
原谅某人某事
forgive
sb.for
(doing)
sth.
原谅某人(做)某事
forgive
and
forget
既往不咎，不计前嫌
(2)forgiveness
n.
原谅，宽恕
①We
forgave
him
his
rudeness
as
he
was
so
young.
因为他如此年轻，我们原谅了他的无礼。
②She
eventually
forgave
him
for
forgetting
her
birthday.
她最终原谅了他忘了她的生日这件事。
in
return反过来，作为交换；作为回报
(教材P40)This
poem
describes
the
painful
feelings
of
a
man
in
love
with
someone
who
does
not
love
him
in
return.
这首诗描述了一个人爱上别人却得不到回报的伤痛。
in
return
for
作为对……的报答
in
turn
反过来，转而
by
turns
轮流
①He
gave
her
some
roses
in
return
for
her
kindness.
他送给她一些玫瑰花答谢她的好意。
②The
shop
assistants
had
to
have
their
days
off
by
turns.
店员们不得不轮流休息。
[语境助记]
He
is
always
helping
others
without
expecting
anything
in
return，which，in
turn，makes
him
a
popular
man.
他总是帮助别人不期盼什么回报，这反过来却使他成为了受欢迎的人。
mention
v．提到，涉及
(教材P41)Then
the
website
was
mentioned
on
a
radio
programme
and
suddenly
the
site
became
very
popular.后来这个网站被一个广播节目提起，突然就变得非常流行起来。
(1)mention
doing
sth.
提及做某事
mention
sth.to
sb.
向某人提到某事
(2)Don't
mention
it.
不客气；不用谢(表示感谢的答语)
not
to
mention/without
mentioning
更不必说；更谈不上
①He
mentioned
the
idea
to
Jean,
and
she
seemed
to
like
it.
他向简说起过这个想法，她似乎很喜欢。
②He
didn't
mention
taking(take)
sleeping
pills
regularly.
他没有提经常服用安眠药的事。
③We
can't
afford
a
car,
not
to
mention(mention)
the
fact
that
we
have
no
garage.
我们买不起汽车，没有车库的事就更不必说了。
(教材P8)It
would
have
been
impossible
to
find
my
daughter
without
the
help
of
Friends
Reunited.
要是没有老友重聚网站的帮助，我就不可能找到我女儿。
【要点提炼】 本句without表示一个含蓄条件，主句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
(1)在含蓄虚拟结构中，如果与现在或将来事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用would/could/might＋do;
如果与过去事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用would/could/might＋have
done。
(2)含蓄条件句还可以用but
for,
otherwise,
or,
but等词来引导。
①I
could
not
have
finished
the
work
so
soon
without
your
help.
没有你的帮助我不可能这么快完成工作。
②But
for
the
captain,
the
ship
would
have
sunk(sink)
with
all
on
board.
要不是那位船长，船和船上的人当时都会沉没的。
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1．Good
preparations
should
be
made
for
a
job
interview,
because
first
impression
really
counts(count)．
2．He
has
given
me
so
much
help
that
I
really
want
to
do
something
for
him
in
return.
3．I
was
very
late
that
morning
on
my
way
to
school
and
afraid
of
being
scolded(scold)．
4．I
don't
quarrel
with
you
about/over
the
right
to
speak,
but
about
your
way
of
speaking.
5．The
old
man
regretted
abandoning/having
abandoned(abandon)
his
family
when
he
was
young.
6．I
heard
that
the
couple
had
a
quarrel
yesterday.
Have
they
made
up
with
each
other
yet?
7．She
suffered
a
temporary
loss(lose)
of
sight
in
her
left
eye
as
a
result
of
an
accident.
8．You
should
ask
for
forgiveness(forgive)
for
not
handing
in
your
homework.
9．Exchange
opinions
with
your
parents
frequently
so
you
can
be
on
good
terms(term)
with
each
other.
10.
When
he
called
me
yesterday,
he
didn't
mention
meeting/having
met(meet)
you
in
the
park.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．如果你明天早去上学，我也早去。
If
you
go
to
school
early,
so
will
I．(so)
2．我非常遗憾地告诉你，你的合同不能签。
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
your
contract
will
not
be
signed.(regret)
3．你将日程表上的变动通知我们真是考虑太周到了。
It
is
very
considerate
of
you
to
inform
us
of
the
change
in
the
schedule.(inform)
4．要是没有我英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语写作比赛中获得第一名。
I
would
not
have
won
the
first
prize
in
the
English
Writing
Competition
without
the
help
of
my
English
teacher.(win)
5．很难与莉莉取得联系，因为自从毕业我们一直没有保持联系。
It's
hard
to
get
in
touch
with
Lily,
since
we
haven't
kept
in
touch
with
each
other
since
graduation.(keep)
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