Module
5
Cloning
The
Truth
about
Cloning
Cats
and
Dogs
克隆技术自诞生以来一直存在着很大的争议，克隆宠物是对还是错？快到文章中去寻找答案吧！
When
I
first
read
about
the
controversial
topic
of
pet
cloning,
I
was
shocked
by
the
topic
that
was
published
on
the
Internet.Such
services
would
have
consumers
believe
that
to
clone
their
pets
is
to
extend
time
with
a
beloved
friend.These
merchants
mislead
pet
lovers.In
fact,
it
is
not
sure
that
pet
cloning
will
result
in
an
animal
that
has
the
same
appearance
or
personality
as
the
original
animal.
Thus,
it
is
done
purely
to
further
the
purpose
of
reproduction
through
the
cloning
process,
and
not
to
find
cures
for
diseases.It
does
not
benefit
animals
or
humans.Considering
the
millions
of
homeless
cats
and
dogs
each
year,
it
is
irresponsible
of
“clone
your
pet”
companies
to
create
more
through
cloning.The
money
that
will
be
spent
to
create
one
animal
would
go
a
long
way
to
help
thousands
of
homeless
dogs
and
cats
to
provide
shelter.
When
it
comes
to
cloning
animals
for
commercial
purposes,
the
only
benefit
is
the
money
made
by
cloning
companies.Consumers
wrongly
believe
that
a
loved
one
will
be
brought
back
to
life,
while
millions
of
dogs
and
cats
that
have
already
been
born
naturally
wait
in
shelters
to
be
adopted.I
hope
that
customers
will
do
their
own
research
on
the
topic,
rather
than
falling
for
clever
marketing.
[阅读障碍词]
1．beloved
adj.
心爱的
2．mislead
v.
误导
3．irresponsible
adj.
不负责的
[诱思导读]
1．What
does
the
author
think
of
pet
cloning?
These
merchants
mislead
pet
lovers.
2．Why
is
it
irresponsible
of
“clone
your
pet”
companies
to
create
more
through
cloning?
There
are
millions
of
homeless
cats
and
dogs
each
year
waiting
to
be
adopted.
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.clone
A．n.翅膀
( )2.terrify
B．n.害怕，恐惧
( )3.wrinkled
C．v.克隆
( )4.wing
D．v.使惊恐，使受惊吓
( )5.disgust
E．v.使觉得恶心；使厌烦
( )6.murder
F．v.拒绝
( )7.refuse
G．v.呼吸
( )8.breathe
H．v.冲，猛冲
( )9.rush
I．v.谋杀
( )10.fear
J．adj.(皮肤等)布满皱纹的，具有皱褶的
[答案] 1－5 CDJAE 6－10 IFGHB
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．第一次 B．(火)燃尽，烧完自灭 C．与……形成对照 D．扑倒在……上 E．发出声音 F．一再，屡次
1．I
was
struck
with
amazement
as
I
saw
the
great
ship
for
the
first
time.
2．In
the
oil
painting,
the
black
mountain
contrasts
with
the
white
snow.
3．She
was
so
frightened
in
the
dark
that
she
couldn't
make
a
sound.
4．Teachers,
like
candles,
burn
out
themselves
to
give
light
to
others.
5．As
she
is
getting
older,
Granny
has
tended
to
ask
the
same
things
again
and
again.
6．After
a
day's
tiring
teaching,
I
like
to
throw
myself
on
the
couch
with
a
good
book.
[答案] 1－6 ACEBFD
Frankenstein's
Monster
Part
1
The
story
of
Frankenstein
Frankenstein
is
the
name
of
a
young
scientist
from
Geneva,
in
Switzerland.
While
studying
at
university①，
he
discovers
the
secret
of
how
to
create
life.
Using
bones
from
dead
bodies,
he
creates
a
creature
that
resembles
a
human
being②
and
gives
it
life.
The
creature,
which
is
very
large
and
strong,
and
is
also
extremely
ugly,
terrifies
anyone
who
sees
it③.
However,
the
monster,
who
has
learnt
to
speak④，
is
intelligent
and
has
human
emotions(感情).
He
becomes
lonely
and
unhappy
when
he
cannot
find
any
friends
and
soon
he
begins
to
hate
his
creator
Frankenstein.
When
Frankenstein
refuses
to
create
a
wife
for
him
，the
monster
murders
Frankenstein's
brother,
his
best
friend
Clerval,
and
finally,
Frankenstein's
new
wife
Elizabeth.The
scientist
chases(追赶)
the
creature
to
the
Arctic
in
order
to
destroy
him，but
he
dies
there.
At
the
end
of
the
story,
the
monster
disappears
into
the
ice
and
snow
to
end
his
own
life.
弗兰肯斯坦的怪物
第一部分《弗兰肯斯坦》概述
弗兰肯斯坦是瑞士日内瓦的一位年轻的科学家。还在上大学时，他就发现了怎样创造生命的秘密。利用死人的骨头，他制造出了一个像人一样的生物，并赋予了它生命。这个生物非常高大、强壮，并且极其丑陋，使见到它的任何人都感到害怕。然而，这个怪物却有智力且有人类的感情，并学会了说话。由于找不到任何朋友，他感到非常孤独和难过，并开始憎恨创造他的那个人——弗兰肯斯坦。当弗兰肯斯坦拒绝为他制造一个妻子后，这个怪物杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的兄弟和他最好的朋友克莱瓦尔，最后，还杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的新婚妻子伊丽莎白。为了除掉这个怪物，弗兰肯斯坦追赶他至北极，但是他死在了那儿。在故事的结尾部分，怪物在冰天雪地中结束了自己的生命。
[助读讲解] ①While
studying
at
university为时间状语从句的省略形式，其完整形式为While
(he
is)
studying
at
university。②此处Using
bones
from
dead
bodies是现在分词短语作方式状语；that
resembles
a
human
being为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a
creature。③which
is
...
extremely
ugly为which引导的定语从句修饰先行词The
creature；who
sees
it为who引导的定语从句修饰先行词anyone。④who
has
learnt
to
speak是who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the
monster。
Part
2
Extract
from
Frankenstein
It
was
on
a
cold
November
night
that
I
saw
my
creation
for
the
first
time.⑤Feeling
very
anxious,
I
prepared
the
equipment
that
would
give
life
to
the
thing
that
lay
at
my
feet.⑥
It
was
already
one
in
the
morning
and
the
rain
fell
against
the
window.
My
candle
was
almost
burnt
out
when,
by
its
tiny
light，I
saw
the
yellow
eye
of
the
creature
open.
It
breathed
hard,
and
moved
its
arms
and
legs.
第二部分《弗兰肯斯坦》节选
我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。它躺在我的脚边，我紧张不安地准备着赋予它生命所需的设备。时间已是凌晨1点，雨点敲打着窗户。我的蜡烛即将燃尽，就在这时，借着微弱的烛光，我看见这个怪物睁开了黄色的眼睛。它呼吸困难，挪动着四肢。
[助读讲解] ⑤本句为强调句型It
was
...
that
...，强调时间状语on
a
cold
November
night。⑥Feeling
very
anxious为现在分词短语作伴随状语；that
would
give
life
to
the
thing
that
lay
at
my
feet为that引导的定语从句修饰先行词the
equipment，其中包含一个定语从句that
lay
at
my
feet修饰先行词the
thing。
How
can
I
describe
my
emotions
when
I
saw
this
happen?
How
can
I
describe
the
monster
who
I
had
worked
so
hard
to
create⑦？I
had
tried
to
make
him
beautiful.
Beautiful⑧！
He
was
the
ugliest
thing
I
had
ever
seen⑧！
You
could
see
the
veins(血管)
beneath
his
yellow
skin.
His
hair
was
black
and
his
teeth
were
white.
But
these
things
contrasted
horribly
with
his
yellow
eyes,
his
wrinkled
yellow
skin
and
black
lips.
当我看见这一切发生时我该怎样描述自己的情感呢？我该怎样描述我费尽心血创造出来的这个怪物呢？我曾尽力把他创造得美丽一些。美丽！它是我看到过的最丑陋的东西！你可以看到它黄色的皮肤下的血管。他的头发是黑色的，牙齿是白色的，但这些东西与他的黄眼睛、皱巴巴的黄皮肤以及黑嘴唇形成了可怕的对比。
[助读讲解] ⑦此处为who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the
monster。⑧I
had
ever
seen为省略了关系词that的定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
I
had
worked
for
nearly
two
years
with
one
aim
only,
to
give
life
to
a
lifeless
body.
For
this
I
had
not
slept,
I
had
destroyed
my
health.
I
had
wanted
it
more
than
anything
in
the
world.
But
now
I
had
finished,
the
beauty
of
the
dream
vanished,
and
horror
and
disgust
filled
my
heart.
Now
my
only
thoughts
were,
“I
wish
I
had
not
created
this
creature,
I
wish
I
was
on
the
other
side
of
the
world,
I
wish
I
could
disappear！⑨”
When
he
turned
to
look
at
me,
I
felt
unable
to
stay
in
the
same
room
as
him.
I
rushed
out,
and
for
a
long
time
I
walked
up
and
down
my
bedroom.
At
last
I
threw
myself
on
the
bed
in
my
clothes,
trying
to
find
a
few
moments
of
sleep⑩.
But
although
I
slept?，
I
had
terrible
dreams.
I
dreamt
I
saw
my
fiancée(未婚妻)
walking
in
the
streets
of
our
town.
She
looked
well
and
happy
but
as
I
kissed
her
lips,
they
became
pale,
as
if
she
were
dead.?
Her
face
changed
and
I
thought
I
held
the
body
of
my
dead
mother
in
my
arms.
I
woke,
shaking
with
fear?.
At
that
same
moment,
I
saw
the
creature
that
I
had
created?.
He
was
standing
by
my
bed
and
watching
me.
His
mouth
opened
and
he
made
a
sound
,
then
seemed
to
smile.
I
think
he
wanted
to
speak,
but
I
did
not
hear.
He
put
out
a
hand,
as
if
he
wanted
to
keep
me
there,
but
I
ran
out
of
the
room.
I
hid
in
the
garden
and
stayed
there
till
morning,
terrified
by
what
I
had
done?.
Again
and
again
I
thought,
“I
wish
I
had
not
done
this
terrible
thing,
I
wish
I
was
dead！”
我工作了近两年，目标只有一个：将生命赋予一具无生命的尸体。为此，我放弃了睡眠，毁掉了健康。它一度是这个世界上我最期待的东西。现在我已经完成了创作，但梦想中的美丽已荡然无存，恐怖和厌恶充斥着我的心灵。现在，我唯一的想法是：“但愿我没有制造出那个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失无踪！”当他转过身看我时，我感到无法和他待在同一个房间里。我冲了出去，接下来的很长时间就在自己的卧室来回踱步。最后我和衣倒在床上，试图睡一会儿。尽管我睡着了，却噩梦连连。我梦见我看到我的未婚妻走在我们城镇的大街上。她看上去健康且快乐，但是，当我亲吻她的双唇时，她双唇失色，犹如死人。她的脸变了，我感觉我双臂抱着的是我死去的母亲。我醒了，浑身因恐惧而战栗着。就在那一刻，我看见了我创造的怪物。他正站在我的床边看着我。他张开嘴，发出了声音，然后像是笑了。我猜他想说什么，但我没听见。他伸出一只手，好像是想让我待在那儿，但我跑出了房间。我藏身于花园中，一直在那儿待到天亮，被我所做的事情吓坏了。我一遍又一遍地想：“但愿我没有做这可怕的事情！但愿我死了！”
[助读讲解] ⑨三个wish后面的从句都是虚拟语气，第一个wish后表示与过去情况相反的虚拟语气，第二个wish后表示与现在情况相反的虚拟语气，第三个wish后表示与将来情况相反的虚拟语气。⑩trying
to
...
为现在分词短语作伴随状语。?此处为although引导让步状语从句。?本句为but连接的并列句，后一分句为复合句，as
I
kissed
her
lips为as引导的时间状语从句，as
if
she
were
dead为as
if引导的状语从句，其中谓语动词用了虚拟语气。?shaking
with
fear为现在分词短语作伴随状语。?that
I
had
created为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the
creature。?terrified
by
what
I
had
done为形容词短语作状语，其中包含what引导的宾语从句，作介词by的宾语。
You
cannot
imagine
the
horror
of
that
face!
I
had
seen
him
when
he
was
unfinished?—he
was
ugly
then.
But
when
he
stood
up
and
moved,
he
became
a
creature
from
my
worst
nightmares(噩梦)．
你无法想象那张脸有多可怕！当他还没有生命的时候，我看着他，那时他只是丑陋。但是当他站起来走动时，他就成了我最可怕的噩梦中的怪物。
[助读讲解] ?此处when引导时间状语从句。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P58－59教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．Frankenstein
gave
life
to
the
monster.
2．Para.2
B．The
main
plot
of
Frankenstein
3．Para.3
C．The
description
of
the
monster
4．Para.4
D．The
horror
of
the
monster's
face
5．Para.5
E．His
horror
and
disgust
about
the
monster,
his
regrets
about
the
creation
of
it
and
his
terrible
dreams
[答案] 1－5 BACED
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P58－59教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Why
could
Frankenstein
create
the
monster?
A．Because
he
had
all
the
equipment.
B．Because
he
had
some
magical
power.
C．Because
nobody
else
had
the
necessary
materials.
D．Because
he
discovered
the
secret
of
how
to
create
life.
2．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A．The
monster
hated
all
the
people
around
him
because
they
were
all
bad
to
him.
B．The
monster
could
speak
but
didn't
have
human
emotions.
C．The
monster
died
in
the
ice
and
snow
in
the
end.
D．The
monster
chased
the
scientist
to
the
Arctic.
3．Why
did
Frankenstein
wake
shaking
with
fear?
A．Because
he
had
terrible
dreams.
B．Because
the
monster
kept
touching
him.
C．Because
the
monster
kept
talking
to
him.
D．Because
he
saw
his
dead
wife.
4．How
did
Frankenstein
feel
about
his
experiment?
A．It
was
a
success.
B．It
was
a
failure.
C．It
was
a
waste
of
time.
D．It
was
a
small
progress.
[答案] 1－4 DCAB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P58－59教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Frankenstein，1.a
young
scientist，discovers
the
secret
of
how
to
create
life
while
2.studying(study)
at
university.Using
bones
from
dead
3.bodies(body),
he
creates
a
creature
that
resembles
a
human
being
and
gives
4.it
life.The
creature
is
the
5.ugliest(ugly)thing
Frankenstein
has
ever
seen,
and
he
makes
the
people
around
6.terrified(terrify)．When
Frankenstein
refuses
to
create
a
wife
7.for
him,
the
monster
murders
Frankenstein's
brother,
best
friend
and
his
new
wife.Frankenstein
regrets
what
he
8.has
done(do)．In
order
to
destroy
the
creature,
the
scientist
chases
him
to
the
Arctic，9.where
he
dies.In
the
end,
the
monster
disappears
into
the
ice
and
snow
10.to
end(end)
his
own
life.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
5
Cloning
虚拟语气(Ⅰ)
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.If
you
were
head
of
the
government,
would
you
allow
cloning？2.If
we
hadn't
made
adequate
preparations,
the
conference
wouldn't
have
been
so
wonderful.3.If
it
were
to
rain/should
rain/rained,
the
crops
would
be
saved.4.Had
I
worked
hard,
I
would
have
surely
succeeded.5.Were
she
my
daughter,
I
wouldn't
allow
her
to
study
abroad.6.Should
I
have
time,
I
would
call
on
her.7.If
they
had
started
early
yesterday
morning,
they
would
be
here
now.8.If
we
hadn't
made
adequate
preparations,
we
shouldn't
dare
to
do
the
experiment
next
week.9.But
for
your
help,
we
couldn't
have
succeeded.10.She
wasn't
feeling
well.Otherwise
she
wouldn't
have
left
the
meeting
so
early.
1.1－3句为if引导的非真实条件句的三种基本形式。2.4－6句为省略if的虚拟条件句。3.7－8句中，主句与从句动作所发生的时间不一致，称之为“错综时间条件句”。4.9－10句中，假设的条件不用if条件从句表示，而是通过介词短语but
for或副词otherwise等表达出来，这类句子叫“含蓄条件句”。
一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法
虚拟情况
从句谓语动词
主句谓语动词
与现在事实相反
一般过去时(be用were)
would/should/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反
过去完成时
would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反
一般过去时(be用were)should＋动词原形were
to＋动词原形
would/should/could/might＋动词原形
If
my
brother
were
here,
everything
would
be
all
right.
要是我哥哥在这儿，一切就都没问题了。(与现在事实相反)
If
I
had
enough
money,
I
would
take
the
beautiful
dress
for
my
daughter.
如果我的钱够的话，我就会为女儿买下这件漂亮的礼服。(与现在事实相反)
If
you
had
got
up
earlier,
you
would
have
caught
the
train.
如果你早点起床，
你就会赶上火车了。(与过去事实相反)
If
it
should
rain/were
to
rain/
rained
tomorrow,
we
would
have
to
put
off
the
sports
meeting.
如果明天下雨的话，我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实相反)
[即时训练1] 用括号内动词的适当形式填空
①If
I
had
enough
money
now,
I
would
buy(buy)
a
car.
②If
we
had
driven(drive)
in
turn,
you
wouldn't
have
got
so
tired.
③If
it
were
to
snow
tomorrow,
we
would
take(take)
photos.
二、虚拟条件句的三种特殊形式
1．省略if的虚拟语气
虚拟条件句中若含有were,
had或should，可以把if省略，把were,
had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装。
Were
it
Sunday
tomorrow,
we
should
go
to
the
Great
Wall.
要是明天是星期日，
我们就能去长城了。
Had
I
taken
my
father's
suggestion,
I
would
have
done
it
better.
如果我听从了父亲的建议，我会做得更好。
[名师点津]
若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。例如：
Were
it
not
for
the
expense,
I
would
go
abroad
now.(正)
Weren't
it
for
the
expense,
I
would
go
abroad
now.(误)
[即时训练2] 句型转换
①If
I
had
not
been
so
careless,
I
would
not
have
lost
my
watch
yesterday.
→
Had
I
not
so
careless,
I
would
not
have
lost
my
watch
yesterday.
②If
I
had
known
your
telephone
number
yesterday,
I
would
have
telephoned
you.
→
Had
I
known
your
telephone
number
yesterday,
I
would
have
telephoned
you.
③If
it
should
rain
tomorrow,
the
work
would
be
postponed
for
some
days.
→Should
it
rain
tomorrow,
the
work
would
be
postponed
for
some
days.
2．错综时间条件句
虚拟语气中，条件从句中谓语可以和主句中的谓语发生时间不一致，这时从句和主句要根据各自所发生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式。
If
you
had
prepared
in
advance,
you
wouldn't
be
in
such
an
awkward
position
now.
如果你事先作好准备，
现在就不至于那么被动。(从句表示过去，主句表示现在)
If
I
were
you,
I
would
have
gone
to
her
birthday
party.
如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日宴会了。(从句表示现在，主句表示过去)
[即时训练3] 用括号内动词的适当形式填空
①If
you
had
listened(listen)
to
me
yesterday,
you
wouldn't
be
in
such
trouble
now.
②If
I
were(be)
you，I
would
have
planted
some
trees
around
the
house.
③If
you
hadn't
watched(not
watch)
TV
yesterday,
you
wouldn't
be(not
be)
so
sleepy
now.
3．含蓄虚拟条件句
有时假设的情况不是以if条件从句表示，而是通过其他形式表现出来，这时被称作含蓄虚拟条件句，其主要用法如下：
(1)用but
for,
without等介词(短语)表示条件。
But
for
the
rain
we
should
have
had
a
pleasant
journey.
要不是下雨，我们会有一次愉快的旅行。
(2)用连词otherwise,
or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。
There
was
a
traffic
jam
on
the
way,
otherwise
I
would
have
arrived
an
hour
ago.
路上堵车，
要不然我一小时前就到了．
(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，but前面为虚拟语气，后面为真实情况。
I
should
have
given
you
more
help,
but
I
was
too
busy.
我本该多帮帮你，但我太忙了。
[即时训练4] 用括号内动词的适当形式填空
①Without
war
in
the
world,
people
would
live(live)
a
happier
life.
②I
was
ill
that
day.Otherwise,
I
would
have
taken(take)
part
in
the
sports
meeting.
③If
you
had
turned(turn)
up
one
hour
ago，I
wouldn't
have
gone
home
on
foot.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If
I
lived(live)
near
my
workplace,
I
would
walk
to
work
every
day.
2．If
you
had
attended(attend)
the
meeting
yesterday,
you
would
have
met
her.
3．Should
it
rain
tomorrow,
we
would
have
to
put
off
the
visit
to
the
park.
4．If
he
had
listened(listen)
to
me
then,
he
wouldn't
be
in
trouble
now.
5．Without
your
helpful
advice,
I
wouldn't
have
finished
the
task
on
time.
6．If
I
were
you,
I
would
have
helped(help)
the
man
yesterday.
7．I
would
have
gone(go)
to
my
cousin's
birthday
party
last
night,
but
I
was
not
available.
8．My
parents
lent
me
the
money.Otherwise，I
couldn't
have
afforded
the
trip.
9．If
there
were(be)
no
air
or
water,
there
would
be
no
living
things
on
the
earth.
10．But
for
the
rain,
I
would
have
had(have)
a
pleasant
journey
the
other
day.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The
soup
isn't
very
good.It
will
taste
better
if
it
weren't
so
salty.
will→would
2．If
he
read
the
book,
he
could
have
answered
the
question.
read前加had
3．If
he
were
set
out
tomorrow,
he
would
get
there
on
Sunday.
were后加to
4．Without
your
help,
the
child
wouldn't
put
up
the
picture
on
the
wall
just
now.
wouldn't后加have
5．If
I
had
had
time,
I
would
have
gone
to
the
party
with
you,
but
I
am
very
busy.
am→was
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．如果你当时在那里就好多了。
Had
you
been
there
at
that
time，it
would
have
been
much
better．
2．如果你说得清楚些，别人就会听懂你了。
If
you
had
spoken
clearly，you
would
have
made
yourself
understood.
3．要不是这几次中断，会议半个小时前就开完了。
But
for
these
interruptions，the
meeting
would
have
finished
half
an
hour
ago.
4．如果没有空气保留一些阳光的热量，地球的夜间就会很寒冷，以至于我们不能居住。
Without
the
air
to
hold
some
of
the
sun's
heat，the
earth
at
night
would
be
too
cold
for
us
to
live
on.
5．如果你昨晚不熬夜，现在就不会这么瞌睡了。
If
you
hadn't
stayed
up
last
night，you
wouldn't
be
so
sleepy
now.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
5
Cloning
Part
Ⅰ
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P64－65教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para
1
A．advantages
and
disadvantages
2．Para.2
B．DNA
in
helping
solve
the
crime
3．Para.3
C．procedure
4．Paras.4－7
D．cloning
5．Para.8
E．DNA
and
gene
[答案] 1－5 ECDAB
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P64－65教材课文，判断正(T)误(F)
1．The
science
of
genetics
and
cloning
is
recent.
( )
2．Cloning
can
make
a
new
individual
out
of
a
single
cell.
( )
3．A
clone
has
its
advantages
and
disadvantages.
( )
4．Stem
cells
can
be
used
to
solve
crimes.
( )
5．To
rely
on
a
few
cloned
animals
or
crops
would
enrich
the
biodiversity
of
the
breed.
( )
[答案] 1－5 FTTFF
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P64－65教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Cloning
takes
the
DNA
from
a
single
cell
1.to
create(create)
a
whole
new
individual.
A
clone
is
an
organism,
which
is
2.genetically(genetic)
identical
to
another
one.
But
it's
now
certain
that
no
clone
is
3.an
exact
copy
because
of
differences
in
4.experiences(experience)
and
upbringing.
Cloning
humans
5.is(be)
controversial.
For
example,
a
doctor
wants
to
offer
cloning
as
an
optional
treatment
for
couple
who
find
6.it
difficult
to
have
children.
But
anyone
who
was
a
clone
of
one
of
their
parents
would
be
under
unknown
psychological
7.pressure(press)
throughout
their
childhood.
Another
example,
someone
wants
to
reproduce
the
talents
of
exceptional
human
beings.
But
an
Einstein
clone
might
choose
a
path
in
life
8.which/that
is
contradictory
to
the
one
the
original
Einstein
9.chose(choose).
He
may
even
possess
new
vices
instead
of
10.existing(exist)
virtues.
Part
Ⅱ
细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P69教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．The
first
paragraph
is
written
in
order
to
．
A．tell
us
the
time
when
the
novel
came
out
B．tell
us
the
popularity
of
the
novel
C．make
us
more
interested
in
the
novel
D．make
us
know
why
the
novel
was
famous
2．In
Brave
New
World，which
of
the
five
types
of
clones
are
leaders
of
society?
A．Betas.
B．Epsilons.
C．Alphas.
D．Alphas
and
Betas.
3．It
seems
that
people
in
Brave
New
World
．
A．love
their
nation
very
much
B．hate
their
nation
very
much
C．don't
have
any
feelings
D．are
satisfied
with
their
position
in
society
4．How
does
the
government
control
the
society?
A．By
teaching
them
what
to
like
or
dislike
and
giving
them
drugs
to
make
them
happy.
B．By
dividing
the
whole
society
into
five
classes.
C．By
giving
equal
rights
to
the
five
types
of
people.
D．By
strong
and
cruel
methods.
5．The
writer
of
the
novel
takes
attitude
to
such
a
society
described
in
the
novel.
A．doubtful
B．supportive
C．cold
D．objective
[答案] 1－5 CCDAA
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．It's
really
interesting
that
your
coat
is
identical(完全相同的)
to
mine.
2．She
planted
the
seeds
of
virtue(善行)
in
her
children
when
they
were
young.
3．Secondly,
let
us
absorb(吸收)
what
we
need
from
foreign
languages.
4．In
recent
years
economic
growth
has
become
a
controversial(有争议的)
goal.
5．There
are
fundamental(基本的)
differences
between
the
two
subjects.You
can't
confuse
them.
6．Emotional
or
mental
problems
can
arise
from
a
physical
cause.
7．Is
English
an
optional
lesson,
or
does
everyone
have
to
learn
it?
8．Two
suspects
are
now
in
prison
in
connection
with
the
killing.
9．She
has
taken
a
lot
of
different
medicines,
but
none
has
cured
the
disease.
10．The
water
is
so
transparent
that
we
can
see
the
fishes
swimming.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．gene
n．基因→genetic
adj.基因的；遗传学的→genetics
n．遗传学
2．benefit
n．利益v.有益于；获利→beneficial
adj.有益的，有用的
3．imagine
v．想象，设想→imaginary
adj.假想的，虚构的→imaginative
adj.富于想象力的→imagination
n．想象力；幻觉
4．credit
n．信誉→credible
adj.可信的→incredible
adj.难以置信的
5．flexible
adj.易适应的，灵活的→flexibility
n．适应性，灵活性
6．regular
adj.有规律的；固定的→regulate
v．调整，控制；校对→regulation
n．法规，条例
7．resist
v．抗拒，对抗；忍住→resistance
n．抗拒，反对，阻力→resistant
adj.对……有抵抗力，抵制的
8．analyse
v．分析→analysis
n．分析
9．company
n．陪同，陪伴→accompany
v．陪同，陪伴→companion
n．伙伴，同伴
10．violence
n．暴力→violent
adj.粗暴的；猛烈的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．by
mistake
错误地
2．treat
...as
把……当成……对待
3．(be)
identical
to
和……一样；与……一致
4．rely
on
依靠，依赖
5．as
follows
如下
6．knock
out
摧毁
7．get
out
of
control
摆脱控制
8．as
far
as
we
know
据我们所知
9．break
down
分解
10．bring
...back
to
life
使……复活
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．We
must
rely
on
our
own
efforts
to
get
out
of
the
trouble.
2．As
far
as
we
know,
the
earth
is
the
only
planet
with
life
on
it.
3．A
truck
got
out
of
control
and
crashed
into
the
back
of
a
car.
4．Sorry,
Tom,
I
took
your
notebook
instead
of
mine
by
mistake．
5．The
pills
which
contain
this
kind
of
chemical
can
break
down
the
fat
in
the
body.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.An
Italian
doctor
wants
to
offer
cloning
as
an
optional
treatment
for
couples
who
find
it
difficult
to
have
children.一位意大利医生想把克隆作为不孕夫妇的一种选择性治疗方案。
it为形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。
这家公司发现难以在不断变化的市场中生存。The
company
found
it
hard
to
survive
in
a
changing
marketplace.
2.What
is
clear
is
that
some
voluntary
code
of
practice
among
scientists
has
to
be
agreed.很明显，在科学家中一些不成文的职业规范必须遵守。
what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。
使我最惊奇的是这个瘦弱的女孩竟然获得了三枚金牌。What
surprised
me
most
was
that
the
thin
girl
should
have
won
three
gold
medals.
3.The
reason
why
Brave
New
World
is
still
so
famous
is
that
it
describes
a
terrifying
future
world
that
is
becoming
more
and
more
possible.《勇敢新世界》仍然如此出名是因为它描述了一个越来越有可能出现的恐怖的未来世界。
The
reason
why
...is
that...。
她没得到这份工作的原因是她的英语不是很好。The
reason
why
she
didn't
get
the
job
was
that
her
English
was
not
very
good.
beneficial
adj.有益的，有用的
(教材P61)Cloning
will
be
beneficial
to
humans.
克隆将有益于人类。
(1)be
beneficial
to
对……有益
(2)benefit
v.
有利于，使受益
n.
利益
benefit
from
从……中受益
be
of
benefit
to
sb.
对某人有益
for
the
benefit
of
为了……的利益
①While
the
sun's
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin，they
also
give
us
beneficial
Vitamin
D.
尽管太阳的光线会使我们的皮肤老化、受损，但它们也能向我们提供有益的维生素D。
②The
method
of
learning
English
is
very
beneficial(benefit)
and
I
believe
I
can
benefit
from
it.
这种学习英语的方法很有益，我相信我能从中受益。
③The
new
regulations
will
be
of
great
benefit
to
us
all.
这些新规章制度对我们大家都会大有好处。
cure
v．治愈，治好；消除，矫正
n．治疗；疗法
(教材P61)We
could
use
cloning
to
cure
illnesses.
我们可以用克隆治愈疾病。
(1)cure
sb.of
治愈某人的……
(2)a
cure
for
...
……的治疗方法；……的解决办法
beyond
cure
不可救药
①She
tried
every
means
to
cure
her
child
of
the
bad
habit.她想尽一切办法试图改掉她孩子的这一恶习。
②They
claimed
to
have
discovered
a
cure
for
the
disease.他们声称已经发现了治疗此病的一种治疗方法。
[明辨异同] cure/treat
cure
及物动词，指治愈疾病，消除痛苦，除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等，侧重结果。常用于cure
sb.of
sth.结构。
treat
及物动词，只指治病，并不管疗效如何，侧重动作。常用于treat
sb.for
sth.结构。
用cure，treat的适当形式填空
③The
doctor
treated
her
headache
with
a
new
medicine,
but
didn't
cure
her.
resist
v．抵抗，抗拒
(教材P65)
...for
example,
a
prize
cow
which
can
resist
bacteria
or
disease,
or
to
sow
a
cloned
crop
which
can
resist
rot
or
pests.
……比如：克隆能够抵御细菌或疾病的优选奶牛，种植能够抵抗枯病或虫害的克隆作物。
(1)resist
doing
sth.
反对做某事
can't
resist
doing
sth.
禁不住做某事
(2)resistant
adj.
对……有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的
be
resistant
to
对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance
(to)
n.
反抗，抵抗
①I
have
a
sweet
tooth
and
can't
resist
eating
chocolate
and
ice
cream.
我喜欢吃甜食，见到巧克力和冰淇淋就想吃。
②It's
believed
that
elderly
people
are
always
resistant
to
change.
人们认为上了年纪的人总是抗拒改变。
③We
should
take
exercise
to
build
up
resistance(resist)
to
diseases.
我们应该锻炼身体以增强对疾病的抵抗力。
[名师点津]
resist作“忍受，抗拒”讲时，常用于否定句，后接动词需用v.?ing形式，不接动词不定式。
rely
on
依靠，依赖
(教材P65)But
to
rely
on
a
few
cloned
animals
or
crops
would
restrict
the
biodiversity
of
the
breed.
但是，仅仅依赖少数几种克隆动植物会限制生物品种的多样性。
(1)rely
on
sb./sth.doing/to
do
sth.
指望某人/某物做某事
rely
on
it
that
...
相信……；指望……
(2)reliable
adj.
可靠的，可信赖的
①Don't
rely
on
him
doing/to
do
anything
—
he's
just
a
talker.
什么事都不要依靠他——他只是个空谈家。
②You
may
rely
on
it
that
the
work
will
be
finished
ahead
of
time.
你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。
③Everybody
likes
to
work
with
whoever
is
reliable(rely)
and
easy
to
get
on
with.
每个人都喜欢和可信赖的并且容易相处的人共事。
suspect
n．嫌疑人
v．怀疑；猜想
(教材P65)Finally,
the
latest
research
into
DNA
has
helped
solve
crimes
by
analysing
the
suspect's
saliva
which
they
spit
at
a
crime
scene
or
the
dirt
under
their
fingernails.
最后，在DNA的最新研究中，通过分析嫌疑犯在犯罪现场吐的唾液或手指甲下的污垢已帮助解决了许多犯罪行为。
suspect
that
...
怀疑……
suspect
sb.of
doing
sth.
怀疑某人做过某事
suspect
sb.to
be
怀疑某人是……
①I
suspected
that
there
was
something
wrong
with
the
engine.
我怀疑发动机出了什么故障。
②What
made
you
suspect
her
of
having
taken
the
money?
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？
③I
suspected
what
he
said
to
be(be)
a
lie.
我怀疑他说的话是谎言。
accompany
v．陪伴，陪同；伴随
(教材P67)Accompanied
by
Hammond's
two
grandchildren，they
are
sent
on
a
tour
through
Jurassic
Park
in
computer?controlled
cars.
在哈蒙德的两位孙子的陪伴下，他们被送到电脑控制的轿车中进行环绕侏罗纪公园的旅行。
(1)accompany
sb.to
...
陪同某人去(某地)
be
accompanied
by
...
伴随着(附有/带着)；由……陪同
(2)company
n.
陪伴；交往；公司；商号
keep
sb.company＝keep
company
with
sb.
陪伴某人
①Yesterday
I
accompanied
my
mother
to
the
supermarket
to
buy
some
food.
昨天我陪妈妈去超市买了一些食物。
②Accompanied(accompany)
by
cheerful
music,
we
began
to
dance.
伴随着欢乐的乐曲，我们开始跳起舞来。
③When
you
are
single,
you
have
many
friends
to
keep
company
with
you.
当你单身时，你有许多朋友陪伴你。
absorb
v．吸收；吸引；理解；掌握；使专心
(教材P67)In
fact,
only
females
can
absorb
the
DNA
of
another
creature.
事实上，只有雌性(蚊子)才能吸收另一种生物的
DNA。
(1)absorb
one's
attention
吸引某人的注意力
(2)absorbing
adj.
十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
(3)absorbed
adj.
精神集中的
be
absorbed
in
专心致志于，全神贯注于
①He
is
able
to
absorb
the
audience's
attention
even
before
he
speaks.
他甚至能在开口之前就吸引住观众的注意。
②The
report
meeting
was
absorbing(absorb)
right
from
the
beginning.
这次的报告会从一开始就十分吸引人。
③Absorbed(absorb)
in
painting,
John
didn't
notice
evening
approaching.
由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
break
down分解；(机器等)出故障；(身体、精神等)垮掉
(教材P67)
When
life
ends,
DNA
breaks
down
and
does
not
repair
itself.
当生命结束后，DNA分解并且不能自我修复。
写出下列句子中break
down的意思
①Our
car
broke
down
on
the
way
to
the
company.
(机器等)出故障
②Her
health
broke
down
under
the
pressure
of
work.
(身体、精神等)垮掉
③Carbon
dioxide
forms
as
a
waste
product
when
food
is
broken
down.
分解
break
up
解散；结束；拆散
break
in
强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴
break
into
闯入，破门而入
break
off
突然终止，中断
break
out
爆发，突然发生
break
through
突破；克服，战胜
④I'm
surprised
to
hear
that
Sue
and
Paul
have
broken
up．They
seemed
very
happy
together
when
I
last
saw
them.
听说苏和保罗分手了我很吃惊。我最后见到他们时他们看上去在一起很开心。
⑤Scientists
say
they
are
beginning
to
break
through
in
the
fight
against
cancer.
科学家们说，他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。
arise
v．(问题、困难等)发生，出现(常和from或out
of连用)
(教材P67)Many
questions
also
arise
in
the
cloning
of
dinosaurs.
在克隆恐龙的过程中也产生了许多问题。
①In
modern
society，there
are
an
increasing
number
of
problems
arising
from
the
lack
of
communication.
在现代社会出现了越来越多由于缺乏交流而产生的问题。
[明辨异同] arise/
rise/
raise/
arouse
原形
过去式
过去分词
词性
词义
arise
arose
arisen
vi.
产生，出现
rise
rose
risen
vi.
上升，起床
raise
raised
raised
vi.
提高，举起
arouse
aroused
aroused
vi.
唤起，激起
(arise/rise/raise/arouse)
②When
the
wind
arose，people
were
watching
them
raising
the
national
flag;
it
was
rising
slowly
in
the
wind,
which
aroused
their
feeling
of
loving
their
motherland.
(教材P69)The
reason
why
Brave
New
World
is
still
so
famous
is
that
it
describes
a
terrifying
future
world
that
is
becoming
more
and
more
possible.
《勇敢新世界》仍然如此出名是因为它描述了一个越来越有可能出现的恐怖的未来世界。
【要点提炼】 本句属于“The
reason
why...is
that
...”句型，其中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。
(1)the
reason作主语时，表语从句不能用because引导，而只能用that引导，且that不能省略。
(2)先行词为reason时，若定语从句的主干成分完整，定语从句通常由why(＝for
which)引导；若定语从句缺少主语或宾语，则定语从句用关系代词that或which引导。
①The
reason
why/for
which
he
was
absent
from
the
meeting
was
that
he
got
stuck
in
the
traffic.
他缺席会议的原因是他遇到交通阻塞了。
②The
reason
is
that
we
live
in
an
increasingly
internationalized
world.
因为我们现在是生活在一个越来越国际化的世界里。
③Is
this
the
reason
that/which
he
explained
at
the
meeting
for
his
carelessness
in
his
work?
这就是他在会议上解释的工作中粗心的原因吗？
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Sunshine
and
fresh
air
are
beneficial(benefit)
to
your
recovery
from
illness.
2．You
look
identical
to
your
dad
when
he
was
your
age.
3．Public
health
experts
worry
that
the
worms
will
become
resistant(resist)
to
this
drug.
4．To
be
honest,
if
you
don't
stop
smoking
you
cannot
be
cured
of
the
disease.
5．By
analysing(analyse)
the
parts
of
the
sentence,
we
learned
more
about
English
grammar.
6．You
may
rely
on
it
that
he
will
pay
back
all
the
debts.
7．He
believed
that
he
could
achieve
that
goal
by
peaceful
actions,
not
by
violence(violent)．
8．Therefore,
we
have
to
meet
the
challenges
arising(arise)
out
of
the
globalization.
9．The
computer
system
broke
down
suddenly
while
he
was
searching
for
information
on
the
Internet.
10．Accompanied(accompany)
by
their
teachers,
the
school
children
paid
a
visit
to
the
Science
Museum
today.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．在这学期初，我觉得学英语很困难。
At
the
beginning
of
the
term,
I
found
it
difficult
to
learn
English.(find)
2．我们都怀疑那个男孩偷了那辆自行车。
We
all
suspect
the
boy
of
having
stolen
the
bike.(suspect)
3．购物时，人们常常忍不住买一些根本不需要的东西。
When
shopping,
people
often
can't
resist
buying
something
they
don't
really
need.(resist)
4．作家全神贯注地进行写作，以至于忘了外面的一切。
The
writer
was
so
absorbed
in
his
writing
that
he
forgot
everything
outside.(absorb)
5．一些人早逝的原因是他们不注意自己的身体健康。
The
reason
why
some
people
died
young
is
that
they
didn't
pay
attention
to
their
health.(die)
PAGE
-
1
-Module
5
Cloning
正反观点的议论文
对同一件事情，人们常有不同的看法，通常有正反两种观点。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是：提出问题→列举两种不同的观点→对这两种不同观点的论据(理由)逐项进行对比。有时题目会要求给出自己的观点，可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由，最好不要重复前面已谈到的理由。一般采用集中比较的写作方式。
1．开头语
Recently
we've
had
a
discussion
about
whether
we
should...
We
had
a
brief
debate/discussion
about/on
...
A
heated/lively
debate/discussion
has
been
held
about/on
whether
...or
not.
2．正文
Some
people
agree
with
the
idea
that
...
Some
people
are
in
favour
of...
People
who
are
for
the
idea
account
for
80
percent
of
...
80
percent
of
the
people
support
the
idea,
arguing
that...
Some
of
them
hold
the
opposite
opinion.
However,
others
don't
agree
with
them.
However,
some
people
raise
questions
about
it.
On
the
contrary,
some
people
are
against
that
opinion,
arguing
that
...
3．结束语
From
my
point
of
view,
it
is
wise
to
...
After
weighing
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
...,
I
...
克隆人这一话题在世界上引起了激烈的争论。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇题为On
Human
Cloning的短文。
赞同
·给人类带来好处，用于治疗难以治愈的疾病·用于复活濒危动物
反对
·一旦失去控制，将产生很多问题·担心造出超人种
你的观点
·应将重点放在对人类有益的动物和干细胞的研究上
注意：1.短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
2．词数100词左右
On
Human
Cloning
Cloning
is
producing
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
an
animal
using
its
cells.However,
human
cloning
has
caused
much
debate.
体裁
议论文
时态
一般现在时
主题
论克隆
人称
第一人称和第三人称
结构
第一段：点出主题(已给出)。第二段：赞同和反对及其理由。第三段：我的观点。
Ⅰ.对接模块词汇
1．cure
治愈；治疗
2．arise
发生，出现
3．beneficial
有益的，有用的
4．bring
...back
to
life
使……复活
5．get
out
of
control
失去控制
6．stem
cells
干细胞
Ⅱ.巧用模块句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．一些人认为克隆能给人类带来很多好处。
Some
people
believe
cloning
can
bring
many
benefits
to
human
beings.
2．它能治疗难以治愈的疾病。
It
can
be
used
to
the
cure
of
some
serious
diseases.
3．原因是，如果这种技术的使用失去控制，会出现很多问题。
The
reason
is
that
if
the
use
of
this
technology
gets
out
of
control,
many
problems
may
arise.
4．他们担心的是我们或许会制造出替代我们的超人。
What
they
worry
is
that
we
may
produce
a
superhuman
race
that
could
replace
us.
5．依我看来，既然大家普遍认为克隆是一次科学的重大突破，……
In
my
opinion,
since
it
is
generally
agreed
that
cloning
is
a
wonderful
scientific
breakthrough，...
6．我们只有用这种方式才能使之为人类造福。
We
can
only
make
it
beneficial
to
mankind
in
this
way．
(二)句式升级
7．用which引导的定语从句合并1句和2句
Some
people
believe
cloning
can
bring
many
benefits
to
human
beings,
which
can
be
used
to
the
cure
of
some
serious
diseases.
8．用only开头的倒装句改写6句
Only
in
this
way
can
we
make
it
beneficial
to
mankind.
[参考范文]
On
Human
Cloning
Cloning
is
producing
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
an
animal
using
its
cells.However,
human
cloning
has
caused
much
debate.
Some
people
believe
cloning
can
bring
many
benefits
to
human
beings,
which
can
be
used
to
the
cure
of
some
serious
diseases.Besides,
it
can
be
used
to
bring
the
extinct
animals
back
to
life.However,
others
are
against
cloning.The
reason
is
that
if
the
use
of
this
technology
gets
out
of
control,
many
problems
may
arise.What
they
worry
is
that
we
may
produce
a
superhuman
race
that
could
replace
us.
In
my
opinion,
since
it
is
generally
agreed
that
cloning
is
a
wonderful
scientific
breakthrough,
we
should
focus
on
our
efforts
on
cloning
animals
and
stem
cells
to
be
used
in
medical
research.Only
in
this
way
can
we
make
it
beneficial
to
mankind.
PAGE
-
3
-Module
5
Cloning
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Angles
have
a
pair
of
beautiful
wings(翅膀)
in
our
imagination.
2.
Traveling
on
those
bad
mountain
roads
is
a
nightmare(噩梦)．
3.
A
team
from
the
UK
was
the
first
to
clone(克隆)
an
animal.
4．I
refused
his
invitation
yesterday
because
I
didn't
feel
very
well.
5．When
Jason
saw
the
monster,
his
eyes
were
full
of
fear
and
he
didn't
dare
to
move.
6．The
children
rushed
out
of
the
classroom
as
soon
as
the
bell
rang.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1.
terrify
v.
使惊恐，使受惊吓→terrified
adj.
感到害怕的→terrifying
adj.
可怕的
2．wrinkle
v.
(使脸上)起皱纹n.
皱纹→wrinkled
adj.
(皮肤等)布满皱纹的，具有皱褶的
3．disgust
v.
使觉得恶心；使厌烦→disgusted
adj.
厌恶的；反感的→disgusting
adj.
令人不快的
4.
murder
v.
谋杀→murderer
n.
凶手
5．breath
n.
呼吸→breathe
v.
呼吸→breathless
adj.
呼吸困难的
形容词后缀?ed
否定后缀?less
wrinkled(皮肤等)布满皱纹的，具有皱褶的retired
退休的married
已婚的
breathless
adj.呼吸困难的fearless
adj.无畏的；大胆的homeless
adj.无家可归的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．for
the
first
time
第一次
2．burn
out
(火)燃尽，烧完自灭
3．contrast
with
与……形成对照
4．up
and
down
上上下下，来来回回
5．throw
oneself
on...
扑倒在……上
6．shake
with
fear
恐惧得发抖
7．make
a
sound
发出声音
8．again
and
again
一再，屡次
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The
children
gazed
in
wonder
when
they
saw
the
sea
for
the
first
time．
2．I
threw
myself
on
the
bed
and
fell
asleep
immediately
I
got
home.
3．The
first
time
I
met
Roy,
he
only
looked
at
me
up
and
down
curiously.
4．She
wanted
to
cry
out,
but
she
couldn't
make
a
sound．
5．The
fire
had
burnt
out
before
the
firefighters
arrived.
v.＋out→动词短语
adv.＋and＋adv.→副词短语
burn
out
(火)燃尽，烧完自灭figure
out理解，弄明白leave
out
省去；遗漏
up
and
down
上上下下，来来回回back
and
forth
反复来回now
and
then不时，偶尔
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.The
novel
immediately
became
very
popular
and
it
is
generally
agreed
that
it
is
one
of
the
best
science
fiction
stories
ever
written.这部小说立即受到读者欢迎，并被一致认为是写得最好的科幻小说之一。
It
is
＋过去分词＋that
...。
人们普遍认为吸烟有害健康。It
is
generally
agreed
that
smoking
is
bad
for
health.
2.While
studying
at
university,
he
discovers
the
secret
of
how
to
create
life.还在上大学时，他就发现了怎样创造生命的秘密。
状语从句的省略。
他已养成阅读时记笔记的习惯。He
has
developed
the
habit
of
making
notes
while
reading.
3.It
was
on
a
cold
November
night
that
I
saw
my
creation
for
the
first
time.我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。
强调句型。
他昨天半夜才回到家。It
was
at
midnight
that
he
got
back
home
yesterday.
terrify
v．使惊恐，使受惊吓
(教材P57)He
terrifies
everyone
who
sees
him.
他使每一个见到他的人感到惊恐。
(1)terrify
sb.into
doing
sth.
威胁某人做某事
terrify
sb.to
death
把某人吓死
(2)terrified
adj.
恐惧的，受惊吓的
be
terrified
at/with/by
被……吓了一跳
be
terrified
of
对……感到惊恐
(3)terrifying
adj.
可怕的
terror
n.
恐惧，害怕
terrorist
n.
恐怖分子
①The
robber
terrified
the
bank
clerk
into
opening
the
safe.
抢劫犯恐吓银行职员打开保险柜。
②Terrified
at
the
terrifying
scene,
the
children
ran
as
fast
as
they
could.(terrify)
被这恐怖的场景吓坏了，孩子们飞快地跑开了。
③He
was
terrified
of
dogs
and
stood
there
trembling
with
terror(terrify)．
他怕狗，站在那里恐惧得发抖。
[语境助记]
From
the
boy's
terrified
look,
we
can
see
the
terrifying
noise
made
by
the
terrorists
terrified
him.
从小男孩害怕的表情来看，我们可以看出恐怖分子可怕的嘈杂声使他受到了惊吓。
refuse
v．拒绝
(教材P58)When
Frankenstein
refuses
to
create
a
wife
for
him,
the
monster
murders
Frankenstein's
brother,
his
best
friend
Clerval,
and
finally,
Frankenstein's
new
wife
Elizabeth.
当弗兰肯斯坦拒绝为他制造一个妻子后，这个怪物杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的兄弟和他最好的朋友克莱瓦尔，最后，还杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的新婚妻子伊丽莎白。
(1)refuse
sb.sth.
拒绝某人某物
refuse
to
do
sth.
拒绝做某事
(2)refusal
n.
拒绝
①We
can't
refuse
him
such
a
reasonable
request.
对他如此合理的要求，我们是无法拒绝的。
②Bill
refused
to
take(take)
responsibility
for
the
accident.比尔拒绝承担那次事故的责任．
③His
refusal(refuse)
to
come
to
our
English
evening
party
was
very
disappointing.
他拒绝参加我们的英语晚会，令人非常失望。
[名师点津]
refuse常接不定式或双宾语；不接动词?ing形式、不定式的复合宾语或宾语从句。
burn
out
(火)燃尽，烧完自灭；耗尽体力，累垮
(教材P59)My
candle
was
almost
burnt
out
when,
by
its
tiny
light,
I
saw
the
yellow
eye
of
the
creature
open.
我的蜡烛即将燃尽，就在这时，借着微弱的烛光，我看见这个怪物睁开了黄色的眼睛。
burn
oneself
out
精疲力竭，累垮
burn
up
烧尽
burn
down
烧毁
burn
...to
the
ground
把……烧成平地
①It's
a
high?pressure
job
and
you
could
burn
out
young.
这是份压力很大的工作，你年纪轻轻就会身心疲惫。
②The
spaceship
burned
(burn)
up
as
it
entered
the
earth's
atmosphere.
宇宙飞船进入地球大气层时被烧毁了。
③Several
houses
have
been
burned
to
the
ground
when
the
blaze
is
put
out.
大火扑灭时，好几间房子已全部烧成平地。
breathe
v．呼吸
(教材P59)It
breathed
hard,
and
moved
its
arms
and
legs.
它呼吸困难，挪动着四肢。
(1)breathe
in
吸气
breathe
out
呼气
(2)breath
n.
呼吸
out
of
breath
气喘吁吁；上气不接下气
take
a
deep
breath
深吸一口气
hold
one's
breath
屏住呼吸
①The
doctor
told
me
to
breathe
in
and
then
breathe
out
slowly.
医生叫我吸气然后再慢慢地呼出。
②Take
a
deep
breath,
and
you'll
feel
a
bit
relaxed.
深深吸口气，你就会觉得轻松些了。
③We
all
held
our
breath(breathe)
when
the
teacher
announced
the
results
of
the
election.
当老师宣布选举结果时，我们都屏住了呼吸。
rush
v．冲，猛冲；仓促行事
n．冲；急忙；仓促；高峰期
(教材P59)I
rushed
out,
and
for
a
long
time
I
walked
up
and
down
my
bedroom.
我冲了出去，接下来的很长时间就在自己的卧室来回踱步。
(1)rush
in/out
冲进/出
rush
to
do
sth.
急着做某事
rush
sb.to
紧急送某人到(某地)
rush
(sb.)into
(doing)
sth.
(使某人)匆忙做某事
(2)in
a
rush
急忙，匆忙
rush
hour
在(上下班的)交通高峰期
①Don't
rush
me
into
making
a
decision.I
need
time
to
think
it
over.
不要催我做出决定。我需要时间来仔细考虑一下。
②Delighted
at
the
decision,
the
peasants
rushed
to
volunteer(volunteer)
for
the
work.
对这决定很高兴，农民们急着跑去自愿参加这项工作。
③Never
forget
to
find
out
the
direction
when
you
are
in
a
rush.
匆忙赶路的时候，别忘了看看方向。
throw
oneself
on
...扑倒在……上
(教材P59)At
last
I
threw
myself
on
the
bed
in
my
clothes,
trying
to
find
a
few
moments
of
sleep.
最后我和衣倒在床上，试图睡一会儿。
throw
away
扔掉；错过
throw
off
摆脱；甩掉
throw
oneself
into
投身于，热衷于
①Don't
throw
away
those
magazines,
because
I
haven't
read
them
yet.
别扔掉那些杂志，因为我还没读。
②If
you
throw
yourself(you)
into
the
job,
you'll
finish
it
by
this
evening.
如果你全身心地投入到这项工作中，你会在今晚完成它的。
fear
n．&
v．害怕，恐惧
(教材P59)I
woke,
shaking
with
fear.
我醒了，浑身因恐惧而战栗着。
(1)for
fear
of
(doing)
sth./for
fear
(that)
...
唯恐……
with
fear
(由于)害怕
(2)fear
to
do/doing
sth.
害怕做某事
①He
told
us
to
keep
quiet
for
fear
that
we
might
disturb
others.
他让我们保持安静，以免打扰别人。
②He
woke
up
from
a
nightmare,
trembling
with
fear.
他从噩梦中惊醒，因恐惧而发抖。
③She
feared
to
hear/hearing(hear)
the
story
about
the
ghosts
and
the
monsters
when
she
was
a
child.
小时候，她害怕听那些妖魔鬼怪的故事。
(教材P57)The
novel
immediately
became
very
popular
and
it
is
generally
agreed
that
it
is
one
of
the
best
science
fiction
stories
ever
written.
这部小说立即受到读者欢迎，并被一致认为是写得最好的科幻小说之一。
【要点提炼】 本句中it
is
generally
agreed
that
...属于“It
is
＋过去分词＋that
...”句式。
(1)it
作形式主语，that
从句为真正的主语，常用的过去分词有said,
reported，believed,
expected,
decided，well?known等。
(2)该句型有时可以转换为“sb./sth.＋be动词＋过去分词＋to
do”结构。且其中的不定式根据具体语境，可采用to
do/to
be
doing/to
have
done等形式。
①It
is
believed
that
reading
increases
our
knowledge
and
broadens
our
mind.
人们相信阅读会增加我们的知识，开阔我们的视野。
②It
is
reported
that
about
10
people
have
lost
their
lives
in
the
traffic
accident.
＝About
10
people
are
reported
to
have
lost(lose)
their
lives
in
the
traffic
accident.
据报道，已经有大约10人在这次交通事故中丧生。
[名师点津]
若过去分词为表示“建议”“命令”“愿望”(如suggested,
ordered,
requested等)的词时，从句需用虚拟语气。谓语动词形式：should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
③It
is
suggested
that
we
(should)
discuss(discuss)
the
problem.
有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。
1．(教材P58)Feeling
very
anxious,
I
prepared
the
equipment
that
would
give
life
to
the
thing
that
lay
at
my
feet.
【分析】 本句是一个复合句，第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词equipment，其中又包含一个that(第二个)引导的定语从句，修饰先行词thing，Feeling
very
anxious为动词?ing形式作伴随状语。
【翻译】 它躺在我的脚边，我紧张不安地准备着赋予它生命所需的设备。
2．(教材P59)She
looked
well
and
happy
but
as
I
kissed
her
lips,
they
became
pale,
as
if
she
were
dead.
【分析】 本句是并列复合句，but前的分句为系表结构，but后的分句中，they
became
pale是主句，as引导时间状语从句，as
if引导方式状语从句。
【翻译】 她看上去健康且快乐，但是，当我亲吻她的双唇时，她双唇失色，犹如死人。
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1．The
story
he
told
was
so
terrifying(terrify)
that
it
gave
me
the
shivers.
2．The
boy
chased
after
the
butterfly，but
lost
it.
3．Despite
all
these
discouragements，she
refused
to
give(give)
up.
4．In
large
cities
people
breathe
in
dangerous
gases
from
cars
and
chimneys(烟囱)．
5．This
cold
weather
contrasts
with
last
week's
heat.
6．Rescue
workers
rushed
to
the
site
of
the
plane
crash.
7．Hearing
the
strange
sound，the
girl
was
screaming
with
fear.
8．Only
the
shell
of
the
factory
was
left
after
the
fire
had
been
put
out．
9．Tom
felt
rather
tired
and
threw
himself(him)on
the
bed
and
fell
asleep
within
several
minutes.
10．I
will
get
there，even
if
having(have)
to
walk.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There
was
a
terrified
noise
and
the
house
was
pulled
down.
terrified→terrifying
2．Doctors
and
medical
supplies
rushed
to
the
scene
of
the
accident.
rushed前加were
3．It's
suggested
that
people
with
heart
illness
must
give
up
smoking.
must→should或去掉must
4．It
was
at
midnight
when
I
heard
a
terrible
scream.
when→that或去掉at
5．While
lived
in
England,
he
picked
up
some
English.
lived→living或lived前加he
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他早早就出发了，唯恐面试迟到。
He
set
off
very
early
for
fear
that
he
might
be
late
for
the
interview．(may)
2．如果你没有足够的睡眠，迟早会把自己累垮的。
If
you
don't
have
enough
sleep,
you
will
burn
yourself
out
sooner
or
later.(burn)
3．大家一致认为养成早睡的好习惯非常重要。
It
is
generally
agreed
that
it
is
important
to
have
a
good
habit
of
going
to
bed
early.(agree)
4．在一家工厂工作的时候，我开始认识他，一个奇怪但能干的工人。
I
began
to
know
him,
a
strange
but
able
worker
while
working
in
a
factory．(work)
5．重要的是工作能力，而不是你来自哪里或你是谁。
It's
the
ability
to
do
the
job
that
matters,
not
where
you
come
from
or
who
you
are.(do)
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