人教版必修一Unit 1 friendship Grammar学案
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| 名称 | 人教版必修一Unit 1 friendship Grammar学案 |  | |
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Unit 1 friendship Grammar学案
预习导学
直接引语变间接引语注意要点：
直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。直接引语如果是________、_________等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。
时态变化的原则：
如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：
（1） 一般现在时变为_________
（2） 现在进行时变为_________
（3） 一般将来时变为_________
（4） _________变为过去完成时
（5） 一般过去时变为_________
（6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时
直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导.
1. 陈述句
“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.” Said Anne.
______________________________________
直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if 引导.
2. 一般疑问句
He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?”
______________________________________
直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。
3. 特殊疑问句
“When did you go to bed last night?” father said to Anne.
______________________________________
代词等一般地应作相应的变化：
指示代词 this ---that ; these--- those
表示时间的词 now --- then ; today--- that day； this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)； yesterday ----the day before；last week(month) --- the week(month) before；three days(a year)ago---three days (a year) before； tomorrow ----the next (following ) day；next week(month) —- the next(following) week (month)
表地点的词 here --there
动词 bring -- take ; come --go
实战演练
直接引语和间接引语专项练习
I. 单项填空 ：
1. He said, "I am living with my brother." He said that __ was living with his brother.
A. I B. you C. he D. they
2. He said, "You are sure to get a warm welcome there."
He said that we _____ sure to get a warm welcome there.
A. am B. was C. were D. are
3. She says, "Something is wrong with my bike."
She says that something is wrong with _____ bike.
A. my B. a C. his D. her
4. He said, "I will not do so again."
He said that he _____ not do so again.
A. will B. must C. would D. do
5. The teacher said, "My son had the same experience as the little boy."
The teacher said that his son had _____ the same experience as the little boy.
A. been B. have C. had D. done
6. She said to me, "My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday."
She told me that her mother had taken _____ to an exhibition the day before.
A. she B. me C. her D. you
7. You said to me, "I saw the film two days ago."
You told me that you had seen the film _____
A. two days B. two days before
C. two days ago D. yesterday
8. He said to his younger sister, "You may come with me."
He told his younger sister that _____ with him.
A. you may come B. you might come
C. she might come D. she might go
9. The student said to me, "She has made a close study of the problem."
The student told me that she _____ a close study of the problem.
A. has make B. have made C. had make D. had made
10. He said, "I live here."
He said that he lived ______
A. there B. here C.in there D. at there
11. The reporter said that the UFO _____ east to west when be saw it.
A. was travelling B. travelled C. had been traveling D. was to travel.
12. I wonder why Jenny _____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
Ａ．hasn't written Ｂ．doesn't write ?
Ｃ．won't write ? Ｄ．hadn't written
13. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1931) _____ the world leading inventor for sixty years .
A．would be B．has been C．had been D．was
14. I _____ you not to move my dictionary---now I can’t find it.
A asked B ask C was asking D had asked
II. 改错练习：
1. He asked me why he has not received the letter.
____________________________________
2. Peter asked his mother where she was going next day.
____________________________________
3. She told me that she had sent an e-mail about ten minutes ago. ___________________________________
4. He asked how did you went there the day before yesterday.
____________________________________
反馈检测:
I.?请选出正确的答案：?
1.“You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked _____
A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you?
B. whether I had already got well
C. have I already got well
D. had I already got well.
2. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”
→He asked me _____
A. am I a Party member or a League member?
B. was I a Party member or a League member
C. if was I a Party member or a League member
D. whether I was a Party member or a League member.
3. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _____
A. how am I getting along? B. how are you getting along
C. how I was getting along? D. how was I getting along
4. He asked me _____ with me.
A. what the matter is B. what the mater was
C. what is the matter D. what was the matter
5. He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me_____ that again.
A. said to; not to do B. said to; don’t do
C. told; don’t do D. told; not to do
6.?Can?you?make?sure?_____ ?
A.?that?he?will?come?here?today? B.?when?he?will?come?here?today
C.?will?he?come?here?today? ? D.?whether?will?he?come?here?today
7.?Do?you?happen?to?know?_____ ?
A.?where?is?her?address?? ? B.?in?which?place?is?her?address
C.?what?her?address?is??? ? D.?the?place?her?address?is
8.?Excuse?me,?but?can?you?tell?me? _____ ?
A.?where?can?I?get?to?the?library? B.?where?I?can?get?to?the?library
C.?how?can?I?get?to?the?library? ? D.?how?I?can?get?to?the?library
9.?John?asked?me?_____to?visit?his?uncle’s?farm?with?him.
A.?how?would?I?like??? B.?if?or?not?would?I?like
C.?whether?I?would?like? ?? D.?which?I?would?like
10.?I’d?like?to?know?_____ Chinese.
A.?when?he?began?to?learn? B.?when?did?he?begin?to?learn
C.?when?did?he?begin?learning ? D.?for?how?long?he?began?to?learn
II.?将下列句子变为间接引语：?
11.?Mr. Wang?said, “I?will?leave?for?Shanghai?on?business?next month, children”
→ Mr.?Wang?told?_______?that?he_______leave?for?Shanghai?on?business?__________.
12.?“I?haven’t?heard?from?my?parents?these?days,”?said?Mary.
→ Mary?said?that?_____?_________?from?her?parents?________?days.
13.?The?geography?teacher?said?to?us,?“The?moon?moves?around?the?earth?and?the?earth?goes?round?the?sun.”
→The?geography?teacher?told?us?that?the?moon?______?around?the?earth?and?the?earth?_______?round?the?sun.
14.?“Have?you?anything?interesting?I?can?read,?George?”?she?said.
→ She?asked?George?____he?_____?anything?interesting?______?could?read.
15.?“Where?are?you?going?”?the?father?asked?his?son.
→ The?father?asked?his?son?where?_______going.
16.?“Don’t?make?so?much?noise?in?class,?boys?and?girls,”?said?the?teacher.
→ The?teacher?_____the?boys?and?girls?_____make?so?much?noise?in?class.
III.?把下列句子变为直接引语：?
17.?She?asked?whether?I?would?be?free?the?next?day?or?not.
→ She?asked?,?“?______?will?be?free?______,?won’t?_____?”
18.?I?asked?her?where?she?was?going?and?what?she?was?going?to?do?the?next?day.
→ I?asked?her,?“Where______going?and?what?______?going?to?do?________?”
19.?His?father?told?him?not?to?climb?that?high?tree?in?his?new?coat.
→ His?father?said,?“______?climb?this?high?tree?in?_______?new?coat.”
20．She?said?that?she?would?finish?her?work?the?next?day.
→ “_______?finish?my?work?________,”?she?said.
Grammar参考答案
预习导学
填空: 客观事实、普遍真理,
(1) 一般现在时变为一般过去时
（2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时
（3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时
（4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时
（5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时
直接引语变间接引语.
1. Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.
2. He asked us whether we were leaving that night.
3. Father asked Anne when she went to bed the night before.
实战演练：
直接引语和间接引语专项练习
Ⅰ、单项填空
1-5 CCDCC 6-10 CBDDA 11-14 AADA
II. 改错练习：
1. has改为had 2.在next前加the
3. ago 改为before 4. 去did
反馈检测:
I.?请选出正确的答案：
1-5 BDCDD 6-10 ACDCA
II.?将下列句子变为间接引语：?
11. Mr.?Wang?told?the?children?that?he?would?leave?for?Shanghai?on?business?the?next?
month
12. Mary?said?that?she?hadn’t?heard?from?her?parents?those?days.
13. The?geography?teacher?told?us?that?the?moon?moves?around?the?earth?and?the?
earth?goes?round?the?sun.
14. She?asked?George?if?he?had?anything?interesting?she?could?read.
15. The?father?asked?his?son?where?he?was?going.
16. The?teacher?told?the?boys?and?girls?not?to?make?so?much?noise?in?class.
III.?把下列句子变为直接引语：
17.She?asked?,?“?You?will?be?free?tomorrow,?won’t?you?”
18.I?asked?her,?“Where?are?you?going?and?what?are?you?going?to?do?tomorrow?”
19.His?father?said,?“Don’t?climb?this?high?tree?in?your?new?coat.”
20.“I’ll?finish?my?work?tomorrow,”?she?said.
预习导学
直接引语变间接引语注意要点：
直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。直接引语如果是________、_________等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。
时态变化的原则：
如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：
（1） 一般现在时变为_________
（2） 现在进行时变为_________
（3） 一般将来时变为_________
（4） _________变为过去完成时
（5） 一般过去时变为_________
（6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时
直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导.
1. 陈述句
“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.” Said Anne.
______________________________________
直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if 引导.
2. 一般疑问句
He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?”
______________________________________
直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。
3. 特殊疑问句
“When did you go to bed last night?” father said to Anne.
______________________________________
代词等一般地应作相应的变化：
指示代词 this ---that ; these--- those
表示时间的词 now --- then ; today--- that day； this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)； yesterday ----the day before；last week(month) --- the week(month) before；three days(a year)ago---three days (a year) before； tomorrow ----the next (following ) day；next week(month) —- the next(following) week (month)
表地点的词 here --there
动词 bring -- take ; come --go
实战演练
直接引语和间接引语专项练习
I. 单项填空 ：
1. He said, "I am living with my brother." He said that __ was living with his brother.
A. I B. you C. he D. they
2. He said, "You are sure to get a warm welcome there."
He said that we _____ sure to get a warm welcome there.
A. am B. was C. were D. are
3. She says, "Something is wrong with my bike."
She says that something is wrong with _____ bike.
A. my B. a C. his D. her
4. He said, "I will not do so again."
He said that he _____ not do so again.
A. will B. must C. would D. do
5. The teacher said, "My son had the same experience as the little boy."
The teacher said that his son had _____ the same experience as the little boy.
A. been B. have C. had D. done
6. She said to me, "My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday."
She told me that her mother had taken _____ to an exhibition the day before.
A. she B. me C. her D. you
7. You said to me, "I saw the film two days ago."
You told me that you had seen the film _____
A. two days B. two days before
C. two days ago D. yesterday
8. He said to his younger sister, "You may come with me."
He told his younger sister that _____ with him.
A. you may come B. you might come
C. she might come D. she might go
9. The student said to me, "She has made a close study of the problem."
The student told me that she _____ a close study of the problem.
A. has make B. have made C. had make D. had made
10. He said, "I live here."
He said that he lived ______
A. there B. here C.in there D. at there
11. The reporter said that the UFO _____ east to west when be saw it.
A. was travelling B. travelled C. had been traveling D. was to travel.
12. I wonder why Jenny _____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
Ａ．hasn't written Ｂ．doesn't write ?
Ｃ．won't write ? Ｄ．hadn't written
13. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1931) _____ the world leading inventor for sixty years .
A．would be B．has been C．had been D．was
14. I _____ you not to move my dictionary---now I can’t find it.
A asked B ask C was asking D had asked
II. 改错练习：
1. He asked me why he has not received the letter.
____________________________________
2. Peter asked his mother where she was going next day.
____________________________________
3. She told me that she had sent an e-mail about ten minutes ago. ___________________________________
4. He asked how did you went there the day before yesterday.
____________________________________
反馈检测:
I.?请选出正确的答案：?
1.“You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked _____
A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you?
B. whether I had already got well
C. have I already got well
D. had I already got well.
2. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”
→He asked me _____
A. am I a Party member or a League member?
B. was I a Party member or a League member
C. if was I a Party member or a League member
D. whether I was a Party member or a League member.
3. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _____
A. how am I getting along? B. how are you getting along
C. how I was getting along? D. how was I getting along
4. He asked me _____ with me.
A. what the matter is B. what the mater was
C. what is the matter D. what was the matter
5. He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me_____ that again.
A. said to; not to do B. said to; don’t do
C. told; don’t do D. told; not to do
6.?Can?you?make?sure?_____ ?
A.?that?he?will?come?here?today? B.?when?he?will?come?here?today
C.?will?he?come?here?today? ? D.?whether?will?he?come?here?today
7.?Do?you?happen?to?know?_____ ?
A.?where?is?her?address?? ? B.?in?which?place?is?her?address
C.?what?her?address?is??? ? D.?the?place?her?address?is
8.?Excuse?me,?but?can?you?tell?me? _____ ?
A.?where?can?I?get?to?the?library? B.?where?I?can?get?to?the?library
C.?how?can?I?get?to?the?library? ? D.?how?I?can?get?to?the?library
9.?John?asked?me?_____to?visit?his?uncle’s?farm?with?him.
A.?how?would?I?like??? B.?if?or?not?would?I?like
C.?whether?I?would?like? ?? D.?which?I?would?like
10.?I’d?like?to?know?_____ Chinese.
A.?when?he?began?to?learn? B.?when?did?he?begin?to?learn
C.?when?did?he?begin?learning ? D.?for?how?long?he?began?to?learn
II.?将下列句子变为间接引语：?
11.?Mr. Wang?said, “I?will?leave?for?Shanghai?on?business?next month, children”
→ Mr.?Wang?told?_______?that?he_______leave?for?Shanghai?on?business?__________.
12.?“I?haven’t?heard?from?my?parents?these?days,”?said?Mary.
→ Mary?said?that?_____?_________?from?her?parents?________?days.
13.?The?geography?teacher?said?to?us,?“The?moon?moves?around?the?earth?and?the?earth?goes?round?the?sun.”
→The?geography?teacher?told?us?that?the?moon?______?around?the?earth?and?the?earth?_______?round?the?sun.
14.?“Have?you?anything?interesting?I?can?read,?George?”?she?said.
→ She?asked?George?____he?_____?anything?interesting?______?could?read.
15.?“Where?are?you?going?”?the?father?asked?his?son.
→ The?father?asked?his?son?where?_______going.
16.?“Don’t?make?so?much?noise?in?class,?boys?and?girls,”?said?the?teacher.
→ The?teacher?_____the?boys?and?girls?_____make?so?much?noise?in?class.
III.?把下列句子变为直接引语：?
17.?She?asked?whether?I?would?be?free?the?next?day?or?not.
→ She?asked?,?“?______?will?be?free?______,?won’t?_____?”
18.?I?asked?her?where?she?was?going?and?what?she?was?going?to?do?the?next?day.
→ I?asked?her,?“Where______going?and?what?______?going?to?do?________?”
19.?His?father?told?him?not?to?climb?that?high?tree?in?his?new?coat.
→ His?father?said,?“______?climb?this?high?tree?in?_______?new?coat.”
20．She?said?that?she?would?finish?her?work?the?next?day.
→ “_______?finish?my?work?________,”?she?said.
Grammar参考答案
预习导学
填空: 客观事实、普遍真理,
(1) 一般现在时变为一般过去时
（2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时
（3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时
（4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时
（5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时
直接引语变间接引语.
1. Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.
2. He asked us whether we were leaving that night.
3. Father asked Anne when she went to bed the night before.
实战演练：
直接引语和间接引语专项练习
Ⅰ、单项填空
1-5 CCDCC 6-10 CBDDA 11-14 AADA
II. 改错练习：
1. has改为had 2.在next前加the
3. ago 改为before 4. 去did
反馈检测:
I.?请选出正确的答案：
1-5 BDCDD 6-10 ACDCA
II.?将下列句子变为间接引语：?
11. Mr.?Wang?told?the?children?that?he?would?leave?for?Shanghai?on?business?the?next?
month
12. Mary?said?that?she?hadn’t?heard?from?her?parents?those?days.
13. The?geography?teacher?told?us?that?the?moon?moves?around?the?earth?and?the?
earth?goes?round?the?sun.
14. She?asked?George?if?he?had?anything?interesting?she?could?read.
15. The?father?asked?his?son?where?he?was?going.
16. The?teacher?told?the?boys?and?girls?not?to?make?so?much?noise?in?class.
III.?把下列句子变为直接引语：
17.She?asked?,?“?You?will?be?free?tomorrow,?won’t?you?”
18.I?asked?her,?“Where?are?you?going?and?what?are?you?going?to?do?tomorrow?”
19.His?father?said,?“Don’t?climb?this?high?tree?in?your?new?coat.”
20.“I’ll?finish?my?work?tomorrow,”?she?said.