Module
6
War
and
Peace
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Is
beauty
something
always
positive?
Almost
everyone
thinks
attractive
people
are
happier
and
healthier,
have
better
marriages
and
have
more
respectable
jobs.Personal
advisors
give
them
better
advice
for
finding
jobs.Even
judges
are
softer
on
attractive
defendants.But
in
the
executive(主管的)
circle,
beauty
can
become
a
disadvantage.
While
attractiveness
is
a
positive
factor
for
a
man
on
his
way
up
the
executive
ladder,
it
is
harmful
to
a
woman.Handsome
male
executives
were
considered
having
more
honesty
than
plainer
men;
effort
and
ability
were
thought
to
lead
to
their
success.Attractive
female
executives
were
considered
to
have
less
honesty
than
unattractive
ones;
their
success
was
connected
not
with
ability
but
with
factors
such
as
luck.
All
unattractive
women
executives
were
thought
to
have
more
honesty
and
to
be
more
capable
than
the
attractive
female
executives.Why
are
attractive
women
not
thought
to
be
able?
An
attractive
woman
has
an
advantage
in
traditionally
female
jobs,
but
an
attractive
woman
in
a
traditionally
manly
position
appears
to
lack
the
manly
qualities
required.
This
is
true
even
in
politics,
“When
the
only
clue
is
how
he
or
she
looks,
people
treat
men
and
women
differently,
”
says
Anne
Bowman,
who
recently
published
a
study
on
the
effects
of
attractiveness
on
political
candidates(候选人)．She
asked
125
college
students
to
rank
two
groups
of
photographs,
one
of
men
and
one
of
women,
in
order
of
attractiveness.The
students
were
told
the
photographs
were
of
candidates
for
political
offices.They
were
asked
to
rank
them
again,
in
the
order
they
would
vote
for
them.
The
results
showed
that
attractive
males
completely
defeated
unattractive
men,
but
the
women
who
had
ranked
most
attractive
unchangeably
received
the
fewest
votes.
本文主要讨论漂亮的女性在行政管理和政治领域的劣势。
1．In
traditionally
female
jobs,
attractiveness
________.
A．makes
women
look
more
honest
and
capable
B．strengthens
the
manly
qualities
required
C．often
enables
women
to
succeed
quickly
D．is
of
no
importance
to
women
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“An
attractive
woman
has
an
advantage
in
traditionally
female
jobs”可推断出，在传统的女性工作中，漂亮可以使女性能够很快成功。选C。
2．Bowman's
experiment
shows
that
when
it
comes
to
politics,
attractiveness
________.
A．turns
out
to
be
a
disadvantage
to
men
B．has
as
little
effect
on
men
as
on
women
C．affects
men
and
women
alike
D．is
more
of
a
disadvantage
than
an
advantage
to
women
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the
women
who
had
ranked
most
attractive
unchangeably
received
the
fewest
votes.”可推断出，Bowman的实验表明，当涉及政治时，漂亮对女性而言是一种劣势而不是优势。故选D。
3．According
to
the
passage,
people's
views
on
beauty
are
often
________.
A．practical B．one?sided
C．old
fashioned
D．supportive
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。结合全文可知，美对于某些人来说是优势，但也可能是劣势，由此可推断人们对美的看法通常是片面的。故选B。
4．The
passage
is
mainly
about
________.
A．the
advantages
of
being
attractive
B．the
disadvantages
of
being
attractive
C．equal
rights
for
women
D．the
importance
of
appearance
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。结合全文可知，本文主要讨论漂亮的女性在行政管理和政治领域的劣势。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
Any
car
accident
is
frightening,
but
an
accident
in
which
your
vehicle
is
thrown
into
the
water,
with
you
trapped
inside，is
absolutely
terrifying.__1__
However，most
deaths
result
from
panic,
without
a
plan
or
understanding
what
is
happening
to
the
car
in
the
water.By
adopting
a
brace
(支撑)
position,
acting
decisively
and
getting
out
fast,
you
can
save
yourself
from
a
sinking
vehicle.
Brace
yourself
for
impact
(撞击力)．As
soon
as
you're
aware
that
you're
going
off
the
road
and
into
a
body
of
water,
adopt
a
brace
position.The
impact
could
set
off
the
airbag
system
in
your
vehicle,
so
you
should
place
both
hands
on
the
steering
wheel
in
the
“ten
and
two”
position.
Undo
your
seatbelt.__2__Untie
the
children，starting
with
the
oldest
first.Forget
the
cell
phone
call.Your
car
isn't
going
to
wait
for
you
to
make
the
call.
__3__Leave
the
door
alone
at
this
stage
and
concentrate
on
the
window.A
car's
electrical
system
should
work
for
up
to
three
minutes
in
water,
so
try
the
method
of
opening
it
electronically
first.Many
people
don't
think
about
the
window
as
an
escape
option
either
because
of
panic
or
misinformation
about
doors
and
sinking.
Break
the
window.If
you
aren't
able
to
open
the
window，or
it
only
opens
halfway，you'll
need
to
break
it
with
an
object
or
your
foot.It
may
feel
counter?intuitive
(有悖常理的)
to
let
water
into
the
car.__4__
Escape
when
the
car
has
equalized.If
it
has
reached
the
dramatic
stage
where
the
car
cabin
has
been
filled
with
water
and
it
has
become
balanced,
you
must
move
quickly
and
effectively
to
ensure
your
survival.__5__While
there
is
still
air
in
the
car，take
slow，deep
breaths
and
focus
on
what
you're
doing.
A．Open
the
window
as
soon
as
you
hit
the
water.
B．Surviving
a
sinking
car
is
not
as
difficult
as
you
think.
C．It
takes
60
to
120
seconds
for
a
car
to
fill
up
with
water
usually.
D．Such
accidents
are
particularly
dangerous
to
the
risk
of
drowning.
E．In
conclusion，if
you
know
what
to
do
in
the
water,
you
will
be
safe.
F．This
is
the
first
thing
to
attend
to,
yet
it
often
gets
forgotten
in
the
panic.
G．But
the
sooner
the
window
is
open,
the
sooner
you
can
escape
directly
through
it.
答案
1～5 DFAGCModule
6
War
and
Peace
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Is
it
possible
to
persuade
mankind
to
live
without
war?
War
is
an
ancient
practice
which
has
existed
for
at
least
six
thousand
years.It
was
always
evil
and
usually
foolish,
but
in
the
past
the
human
race
managed
to
live
with
it.Modern
technology
has
changed
this.Either
man
will
end
the
existence
of
war,
or
war
will
end
the
existence
of
man.For
the
present,
it
is
nuclear
weapons
that
cause
the
greatest
danger,
but
bacteriological
or
chemical
weapons
may,
before
long，offer
an
even
greater
threat.Even
if
we
succeed
in
ending
the
existence
of
nuclear
weapons,
our
work
will
not
be
done.It
will
never
be
done
until
we
have
succeeded
in
ending
war.To
do
this,_we
need
to
persuade
mankind
to
look
upon
international
problems
in
a
new
way,
not
as
contests
of
force，in
which
the
victory
goes
to
the
side
which
is
most
skillful
in
killing
people,
but
by
arbitration
in
accordance
with
agreed
principles
of
law.It
is
not
easy
to
change
old
mental
habits,
but
this
is
what
must
be
attempted.
There
are
those
who
say
that
the
acceptance
of
this
or
that
ideology(意识形态)
would
prevent
war.I
believe
this
to
be
a
complete
error.All
ideologies
are
based
upon
dogmatic
statements
which
are,
at
best,
doubtful,
and
at
worst,
totally
false.Those
people
who
believe
them
are
willing
to
go
to
war
in
support
of
them.
The
movement
of
world
opinion
during
the
past
few
years
has
changed
very
greatly.It
has
become
a
common
belief
that
nuclear
war
must
be
avoided.Of
course,
very
difficult
problems
remain
in
the
international
world，but
the
spirit
they
are
being
approached
is
a
better
one
than
it
was
some
years
ago.It
has
begun
to
be
thought,
even
by
the
powerful
men
who
decide
whether
we
shall
live
or
die,
that
agreements
should
be
reached
even
if
both
sides
do
not
find
them
wholly
satisfactory.It
has
begun
to
be
understood
that
the
important
conflict
(冲突)
nowadays
is
not
between
different
countries，but
between
man
and
the
atom
bomb.
本文阐述了人类与战争的关系以及当今世界人们对战争的看法的改变。
1．What
does
the
underlined
word
“this”
in
Paragraph
1
refer
to?
A．Ending
the
existence
of
war.
B．Improving
weapons.
C．Solving
international
problems.
D．Living
a
peaceful
life.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Even
if
we
succeed
in
ending
the
existence
of
nuclear
weapons，our
work
will
not
be
done.It
will
never
be
done
until
we
have
succeeded
in
ending
war.”可推知答案。
2．From
Paragraph
2
we
learn
that
the
writer
of
the
passage________.
A．is
a
supporter
of
some
modern
ideologies
B．does
not
think
that
the
acceptance
of
any
ideology
could
prevent
war
C．believes
that
the
acceptance
of
some
ideologies
could
prevent
war
D．does
not
doubt
the
truth
of
any
ideology
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段前两句话可知，作者认为接受任何一种意识形态都不能避免战争的爆发。
3．According
to
the
writer，________.
A．war
is
the
only
way
to
solve
international
arguments
B．war
will
be
less
dangerous
because
of
the
improvement
of
weapons
C．it
is
impossible
for
people
to
live
without
war
D．war
must
be
ended
if
humans
want
to
survive
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中提到“Either
man
will
end
the
existence
of
war，or
war
will
end
the
existence
of
man.”要么人类结束战争，要么战争灭亡人类，由此可推知作者的态度。
4．What
can
we
learn
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．International
agreements
can
be
reached
more
easily
now.
B．Humans
begin
to
realise
the
danger
of
nuclear
war.
C．Nuclear
war
will
surely
not
take
place.
D．Humans
welcome
nuclear
war.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“It
has
become
a
common
belief
that
nuclear
war
must
be
avoided.”可知，人类已经达成共识，必须避免核战争。
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It's
a
really
good
idea
to
visit
colleges
before
you
apply
because
their
websites
can
all
start
to
look
and
sound
the
same.
Nothing
will
give
you
the
sense
of
what
it
will
actually
be
like
to
live
on
a
college
campus
(校园)
like
visiting
and
seeing
for
yourself
the
dorms,
classrooms
and
athletic
equipment
and,
of
course,
the
students.
It
seems
a
little
crazy
once
senior
year
hits
to
find
the
time
to
visit
college
campuses,
and
it
can
also
be
pricey
if
the
schools
you
are
applying
to
happen
to
be
more
than
a
car
ride
away.
But
keep
in
mind
that
you
are
making
a
decision
about
the
next
four
years
of
your
life,
and
do
all
the
research
you
can
to
make
sure
you
are
making
the
right
one.
There's
no
excuse
not
to
visit
the
schools
in
your
local
area.
In
fact,
a
lot
of
college
applications
even
ask
if
you
have
visited
campus,
and
obviously,
if
you
live
across
the
country
that
won't
be
as
much
of
a
possibility,
but
if
you
live
nearby,
go
check
it
out!
If
campus
visits
aren't
going
to
happen
before
you
apply,
at
the
very
least
you
should
find
some
time
between
applying
and
getting
your
acceptance
letters
to
visit
the
schools
you'd
like
to
attend.
It
can
save
you
a
lot
of
heartache
if
you
rule
out
now
the
things
that
you
don't
like
about
certain
campuses,
things
that
you
wouldn't
know
unless
you
actually
visit.
Now,
if
time
and
money
are
making
it
impossible,
then
check
out
the
online
college
fairs
at
CollegeWeekLive.
It's
a
chance
counselors(顾问),
and
it
won't
cost
you
a
penny!
You
can
register
for
its
online
college
fair
at
collegeweeklive.
com.
While
visiting
an
online
college
fair
can't
take
the
place
of
an
actual
campus
visit,
it
can
be
a
very
useful
tool
that
along
with
all
your
other
research
will
help
you
make
an
informed
decision
about
which
colleges
or
universities
you'd
like
to
attend.
To_ensure_a_brilliant_college_life,_you'd_better_spare_time_to_visit_campuses_to_examine_all_aspects_of_your_dream_colleges,_even_if_it_may_be_costly._(要点1)_If_you_live_nearby,
be_sure_to_check
it_out
before_you_apply._(要点2)_Even_after_submitting_applications,
a_visit
can_help_avoid_much_trouble._(要点3)_However,_visiting_the
online
college_fairs_at_collegeweeklive._com,_if_not_possible_to_see_for_yourself_for_lack_of_time_and_money,_will_be_beneficial.(要点4)Module
6
War
and
Peace
Ⅰ.完形填空
I
chose
to
leave
college
when
I
was
nineteen.I
was
told
I
was
very
smart,
that
I
was__1__my
potential,
and
that
I
was
simply
making
the
__2__
choice.I
was
in
the
Honors
College
at
a
well?respected
university，__3__
I
didn't
think
so
then.I
left
college
because
the
__4__tuition
(学费)
was
hard
for
my
parents
to
bear.
I
quit
school
and
went
to
work.The
job
__5__was
tough.At
last
I
found
a
job
and
I
threw
myself
into
it.I
__6__out
of
my
parents'
house
and
I
started
to
build
a
savings
account
of
my
own.As
time__7__，
I
got
married,
bought
a
house,
and
had
a
child.School
was
__8__
a
thought.Later
I
moved
on
to
another
job
with
a
better
__9__
and
insurance.As
our
life
got
better
I
often
felt
a
longing.I
found
I
was
__10__
for
papers
and
studying.I
wanted
to
learn.I
went
home
to
tell
my
husband.He
__11__
me
and
watched
our
son
while
I
immediately
got
online
to
do
some
__12__.I
chose
a
local
community
college
with
low
tuition
and
flexible
__13__
for
adult
learners.I
am
now
a
little
over
halfway
through
my
Master's
degree.
People
still
think
it's
ridiculous
that
I
didn't__14__
school
in
the
first
place.They
think
I'm__15__
unnecessary
stress
when
I
don't
need
more
stress.Their
thought
might
be
__16__.But
it
is
no
use
__17__what
you
have
done.Now
I
want
to
__18__more
and
better
myself.It
isn't
too
late
for
me
to
do
so.If
you
don't
follow
the
__19__
path
to
success
like
me,
don't
be
__20__：
go
to
school
again.I
am
an
adult
learner.And
I'm
proud
of
it!
作者19岁时因学费问题放弃了上大学，不少人为她惋惜。后来她结婚有了孩子后重新开始了大学学习，她为自己是个成年学习者而自豪。
1．A.increasing
B．creating
C．appreciating
D．wasting
答案：D
解析：作者很聪明却要放弃上大学，因此人们为她惋惜，认为她在浪费(wasting)她的潜力。
2．A.appealing
B．careful
C．wrong
D．difficult
答案：C
解析：人们说作者做了错误的(wrong)选择，但她那时不这样认为。
3．A.but
B．or
C．and
D．so
答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。
4．A.average
B．common
C．normal
D．high
答案：D
解析：因为大学的学费很高(high)，父母负担不起，所以作者离开了大学。下文中的“low
tuition”与之形成对比。
5．A.hunt
B．competition
C．benefit
D．loss
答案：A
解析：由下文中的“At
last
I
found
a
job”可知，当时找工作很难。hunt“寻找，搜索”，符合语境。
6.A.ran
B．moved
C．looked
D．came
答案：B
解析：由“out
of
my
parents'
house”可知，作者搬出了父母家，开始自己攒钱。故选B。
7.A.held
on
B．got
on
C．went
on
D．put
on
答案：C
解析：随着时间的流逝，作者结了婚，买了房子，有了小孩。
8．A.especially
B．hardly
C．popularly
D．occasionally
答案：D
解析：由下文中的“As
our
life
got
better
I
often
felt
a
longing”可知，随着他们的生活条件好转，作者经常会渴望(上学)，在之前她只偶尔(occasionally)想到学校。
9．A.task
B．pay
C．location
D．office
答案：B
解析：由下文中的“As
our
life
got
better”可知，作者找了一份工资(pay)较高而又有保险的工作。
10．A.hungering
B．begging
C．searching
D．preparing
答案：A
解析：以前作者是因为付不起学费而放弃了上大学，当生活条件好转后，作者渴望(hungering)上学。
11．A.disappointed
B．supported
C．pleased
D．doubted
答案：B
解析：由下文中的watched
our
son可知，作者的丈夫支持(supported)她。
12．A.reading
B．discussion
C．research
D．shopping
答案：C
解析：由下文中的“I
chose
a
local
community
college”可知，作者上网对选择学校做了一些调查(research)。
13．A.tests
B．teachers
C．materials
D．courses
答案：D
解析：作者找的大学学费低、课程(courses)安排灵活，适合成人学生。
14．A.respect
B．complete
C．enter
D．contact
答案：B
解析：人们认为作者没有先完成(complete)学业很可笑。
15．A.going
through
B．setting
about
C．making
up
D．leaving
out
答案：A
解析：结合空后的unnecessary
stress可知，人们认为作者在经受(going
through)原本不必承受的压力。
16．A.alarming
B．exciting
C．right
D．strange
答案：C
解析：作者认为人们的想法也许是对的(right)，但是后悔自己曾经所做的事是没用的。
17．A.repeating
B．regretting
C．memorizing
D．following
答案：B
解析：参见上题解析。
18．A.recognise
B．earn
C．overcome
D．learn
答案：D
解析：现在作者只想多学点东西，使自己更优秀。故选D。
19．A.familiar
B．regular
C．similar
D．popular
答案：B
解析：作者这里说如果你像她那样没有按照常规(regular)先完成学业，别沮丧，再去上学吧。
20．A.depressed
B．determined
C．realistic
D．terrified
答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Women
also
threw
themselves
into
the
American
Civil
War.Scores
of
them
even
dressed
like
men
so
that
they
could
fight.Cuban?born
Velazquez
dressed
herself
up
and
joined
the
Confederate
army.When
she
was
found
out
for
the
third
time
and
forced
to
leave
the
army,
she
became
a
spy
for
the
South.Rose
O'Neal
Greenhow
was
sent
to
prison
by
the
North
for
supplying
information
to
the
South.Elizabeth
Bowser,
a
servant
in
Confederate
President
Jefferson
Davis's
home,
and
Harriet
Tubman
both
supplied
information
to
the
Union
from
behind
enemy
lines.
Many
women
served
the
war
as
medical
workers
in
the
North.Elizabeth
Blackwell
helped
battle
the
diseases
and
infection(感染)
that
killed
twice
as
many
soldiers
as
bullets
alone.Nearly
3,000
women
served
as
nurses
in
the
Union
army.Some,
like
Clara
Barton,
treated
the
wounded
on
the
battlefield.After
the
war,
Barton
founded
the
America
Red
Cross.
Women
in
the
South
also
offered
medical
help
to
soldiers.Sally
Louisa
Tompkins
was
among
the
Confederate
women
who
founded
small
hospitals.Tompkins
finally
became
the
only
recognized
woman
officer
in
the
South.
1．Women
serving
in
the
Civil
War
were
mostly________.
A．doctors
B．nurses
C．soldiers
D．spies
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由第二段可知，妇女在南北战争中主要是护理战士。至于间谍、医生或士兵是一些特殊例子，故应选B项。
2．We
may
conclude
that
during
the
Civil
War________.
A．about
3,000
women
served
as
medical
workers
B．even
many
women
doctors
were
hired
in
medical
duty
C．Harriet
Tubman
must
have
stolen
much
informationfrom
Jefferson
Davis
D．only
one?third
of
the
soldiers
were
directly
killed
by
bullets
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。文中第二段第二句提到“因疾病和感染而死去的战士是因中弹死去的两倍”。故选D项。
3．The
examples
of
these
women
in
the
passage
aim
to
show________.
A．women
can
hold
half
of
the
sky
B．women
wanted
to
have
the
same
rights
as
men
in
every
field
C．women
played
a
role
in
the
American
Civil
War
D．the
American
Civil
War
was
caused
by
some
women
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一句可知，本文主要讲了妇女也投入了美国内战，下面举了一些妇女参与美国内战的例子来说明。故选C项。
4．Which
of
the
following
should
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．What
Women
Did
for
the
American
Civil
War
B．Women
and
the
American
Civil
War
C．Women
Served
as
Civil
War
Nurses
Only
D．Women
Spies,
Doctors,
and
Nurses
in
the
Civil
War
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲了妇女与美国内战。故选B项。
