人教版必修一Unit 2 English Around the World language points课件(49张）

Unit 2 English around the world
Language points
Ⅰ. 单词盘点
核心速记
1. ______ (adj. ) 官方的；正式的；公务的
(n. ) 官员
2. ______ (adj. ) 本国的；本地的
(n. ) 本地人；本国人
3. _______ (adv. ) 实际上；事实上
official
native
actually
4. _________ (n. &vt. ) 命令；指令；掌握
5. _______ (n. &vt. ) 请求；要求
6. ______(n. ) 口音；腔调；重音
7. _______(adv. ) 直接；挺直
(adj. ) 直的；笔直的；正直的
command
request
accent
straight
联想串记
8. ____ (vt. ) 以……为根据；(n. )基部；基地；基础→_____ (adj. ) 基本的；基础的→_____ (n. )基础；基本原则
9. _______ (adj. ) 逐渐的；逐步的→_________ (adv. )逐渐地；逐步地
10. _____ (adj. ) 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→_____(adj. )最新的；最近的→_____(adv. )后来；(adj. )后期的→_____(adv. )近来；最近
11. _______(n. )本身；本体；身份→_______(vt. )认出；鉴定
base
basic
basis
gradual
gradually
latter
latest
later
lately
identity
identify
12. ______(adj. )流利的；流畅的→_______(adv. )流利地；流畅地→_______(n. )流利；流畅
13. ________(adj. )频繁的；常见的→_________ (adv. )常常；频繁地
14. _________(n. )词语；表示；表达→_______(vt. )表达
15. _________(vt. )辨认出, 承认；公认→__________(n. )认出；认识
fluent
fluently
fluency
frequent
frequently
expression
express
recognize
recognition
Ⅱ. 短语互译
1. 超过；非常, 不只是, 不仅是 _________
2. 走近；上来；提出 ________
3. 以……为基础 ___________
4. 信不信由你 ______________
5. 扮演一个角色；参与 _____________
more than
come up
be based on
believe it or not
play a part (in)
6. because of ___________
7. the number of ___________
8. at present ___________
9. make use of ___________
10. such as ___________________
因为；由于
……的数量
现在；目前
利用；使用
例如……；像这种的
Ⅲ. 句型透视
1. 混合疑问句：特殊疑问词+do you think/believe/imagine/ guess. . . +其他
Which country ___________(你认为)has the most English learners?
2. even if引导的让步状语从句
Native English speakers can understand each other ______ ____________________________________(即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同).
do you think
even if
they don’t speak the same kind of English
3. more. . . than. . . 与其……不如……
It _____________________________ (更多地是以德语为基础)the English we speak at present.
4. no such+单数可数名词
Believe it or not, there is _____________________________(没有像标准英语这样的东西).
5. the way+定语从句
However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in ___________________(人们讲话的方式).
was based more on German than
no such thing as standard English
the way people speak
Ⅳ. 语篇完形
At the end of the 16th century, English was only 1. ______ by people from England. They were 2. ______ speakers. Today, the largest 3. _______ of people speaking English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English 4. __ their foreign language.
spoken
native
number
as
The English language has 5. ________ quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more or less like German for it was 6. _____ on German, but modern English sounds 7. _____ like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.
Two people had great effects on the English changes. One was Shakespeare, 8. ____ enlarged the English 9. __________; the other was Noah Webster, who wrote a dictionary which gave American English its own 10. _______.
changed
based
more
who
vocabulary
identity
1. 选用框中词汇的适当形式完成句子
come up, make full use of, recognize, base on, command
(1) ________ the strong evidence, the Mekong River attack suspects are on trial now.
(2)The policeman ___________ the thief to hand in what he had stolen.
(3)The moment I answered the phone, I __________ his voice.
(4)I’m afraid something urgent has ________.
(5)Teachers should train students to ______________ dictionaries.
Based on
commanded
recognized
come up
make full use of
核
心
考
点
base
3年1考
request
3年1考
recognize
3年1考
come up (with)
3年3考
even if/though
3年6考
no such+单数可数名词
3年1考
1. base vt. 以……为根据
n. 基部；基地；基础
(1)base . . . on/upon. . . 把……建立于……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据……
(2) at the base of 以……为基点, 在……的脚底
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
basis n. 基础；基本原则
①Based on a novel by Liu Zhenyun, Back to 1942 tells the true story of Henan Province.
《一九四二》是根据刘震云的小说改编而成的, 它讲述了发生在河南省的真实故事。
②The government provides them with not only food and shelter, but also the basic skills for their living.
政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处, 还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。
③(·湖南高考)The researcher’s conclusion ____ _____ ___ a study of the African elephant’s DNA.
调查者的结论是以研究非洲大象的DNA为基础的。
④They found the plane __ ___ ____ __ the mountain.
他们在山脚下发现了这架飞机。
was
based
on
at
the
base
of
【高考链接】
(·江苏高考) ______ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：如果把一个重要决定更多地建立在情感上而不是理智上, 你迟早会后悔的。根据题目与选项可知本题考查非谓语动词, C项是谓语动词, 首先排除。A项过去分词表示被动, 但句子的主语不是base的承受者, 因此A项应排除。B项和D项都表示主动, 但不定式表示将来, 在句中常作目的或结果状语, 与句意不符。
2. command n. [C]命令；指令；[U]掌握
vt. 命令；指挥； 支配
(1)at one’s command 听某人支配
under one’s command＝under the command of sb.
由某人指挥
have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)
(be)in command of 掌握；控制
take command of 控制；担任……的指挥
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that . . . (should) do . . . 命令……做……
①He has a hundred men under his command.
这一百个人由他指挥。
②He was in command of the army. 他控制着军队。
③She has a good command of English.
她精通英语。
④他命令我们一个小时内完成这项工作。(一句多译)
He commanded that ___ ______ _____ the work in an hour.
=He commanded __ __ _____ the work in an hour.
【熟词生义】读句子猜含义
Great men command our respect. ( )
we
should
finish
us
to
finish
赢得
【想一想】 command后面跟从句时, 从句谓语用(should+) do/be done, 想一想还有哪些动词有类似的用法？
【参考答案】
3. request n. ＆vt. 请求；要求
(1)make (a) request for. . . 请求……；要求……
at one’s request＝at the request of sb.
应某人的要求
(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求……
It is requested that . . . 据要求……
①At the public’s request, the new traffic regulation has been changed slightly.
应公众要求, 新的交通规则进行了微调。
②The little boy requested a toy from/ of his mother.
小男孩向他的妈妈要一个玩具。
③所有的成员均被要求参加会议。(一句多译)
All the members ___ _________ __ attend the meeting.
=__ __ _________ ____ all the members should attend the meeting.
are
requested
to
It
is
requested
that
【点津】可以说request sb. to do sth. 和require sb. to do sth. , 不可以说demand sb. to do sth. , 但可以说demand of sb. to do sth. 。
【高考链接】
(·湖北高考)Duty is an act or a course of action that people ______ you to take by social customs, law or religion.
A. persuade B. expect
C. request D. instruct
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：职责是人们依据社会习俗、法律或者宗教信仰期望你践行的行动或行为过程。根据职责的定义可知, 它是人们的一种期待(expect)而不是请求(request), 因此选择B。persuade说服, 劝告； request要求, 请求； instruct命令, 指示, 这三项均与语境意义不符。
4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
(1)recognize sb. /one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的
声音
recognize . . . as/to be . . . 承认/公认……是……
recognize that . . . 认识到/承认……
It is (generally) recognized that. . . 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
①I recognized his voice the moment he opened his mouth.
他一张嘴说话, 我就听出了他的声音。
②(·山东高考)Arthur Miller is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.
阿瑟·米勒被公认为20世纪最伟大的剧作家之一。
③We __________ Jobs __ ___ a genius at computer.
我们认为乔布斯是个电脑天才。
④__ __ __________ ____ the 30th Olympic Games was a great success.
人们公认第30届奥运会是一项非常成功的赛事。
recognized
to
be
It
is
recognized
that
【高考链接】
(·辽宁高考)Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles.
A. to recognize B. recognizing
C. recognize D. recognized
【解析】选D。句意：亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。宾语his work和recognize之间存在被动关系, 所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
5. come up
观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义
①An old lady came up to me and asked for directions. ( )
②A good solution to the problem came up at the meeting.
( )
走近
被提出
③When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration. ( )
④Plants come up again every spring. ( )
⑤I’ll let him know if anything comes up. ( )
太阳、月亮等升起
长出, 发芽
发生
【点津】(1)come up“被提出”, 其主语是被提出的内容, 主动表示被动；
(2)come up with“提出”, 其主语是提出某项内容的人, 后面的宾语是被提出的内容。例如：
They came up with the plan at the meeting yesterday.
他们在昨天的会议上提出了这个计划。
【助记】 come up 面面观
【高考链接】
(·浙江高考)—Alvin, are you coming with us?
—I’d love to, but something unexpected ______.
A. has come up B. was coming up
C. had come up D. would come up
【解析】选A。考查时态。句意：——阿尔文, 你和我们一块来吗？——我愿意, 但是发生了意想不到的事。has come up为现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成影响；was coming up表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作；had come up为过去完成时, 表示过去某一时间之前已完成的动作；would come up表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作。根据语境“我愿意, 但是发生了意想不到的事”导致了我没去, 强调对现在的影响。故选A。
6. make use of利用；使用
如
何
“利
用”
make good use of
好好利用
make full use of
充分利用
make the best of
make the most of
make little use of
几乎不利用；不充分利用
①(·湖北高考)My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you _____ ___ __ it that determines who you are. 我的经历告诉我不是你拥有什么而是你怎样利用你所拥有的决定了你的未来。
②Scientists are developing new ways to _____ ___ _________ __ the solar energy more effectively.
科学家们正在开发更加有效地充分利用太阳能的新途径。
【点津】 make use of短语的构成特点为：动词+名词+介词。此类短语使用时通常做以下变化：
(1)把use提前使用被动语态；
(2)把use提前作先行词用, 其后接定语从句。
make
use
of
make
the
most/best
of
③We should think of what use can be made of such material.
我们应该考虑怎么用这种材料。
④His success lies in the use that he can make of every chance to improve himself.
他的成功在于他善于利用每一个机会来提升自己。
7. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人, 即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同, 也可以互相理解。
even if引导让步状语从句, 相当于even though, 意为“即使, 尽管”。
① Even if you take a taxi, you will still miss the train.
即使你乘出租车也赶不上这班火车了。
②Even though we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our vacation.
即使我们付得起这笔钱, 我们也不出国度假。
【辨析】
if
引导状语从句, 意为“如果”
as if/though
引导状语或表语从句, 意为“好像”。
例如：It seemed as if the meeting would never end.
if only
引导虚拟语气, 意为“要是……多好啊！”。例
如：If only I worked in Tiangong-1!
only if
引导状语从句, 放于句首主句用部分倒装。例
如：Only if you put your heart into your study can you get improved.
【高考链接】
(·北京高考)—Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.
A. Even if B. As though
C. In case D. If only
【解析】选A。考查连词。句意：——看看那些乌云！——别担心。即使下雨, 我们仍然会玩得很开心。even if虽然, 即使；as though好像, 仿佛；in case万一, 以防；if only要是……就好了。
8. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础, 而不是我们今天所说的英语。
(1)more . . . than . . . 与其说……倒不如说……
more than＋数词或从句 超过
more than＋形容词 非常
more than＋名词 不只是；不仅是
(2)no more than 只不过；仅仅
not more than 不超过；至多
rather than 而不是
other than 除了；不同于
①She was _____ ___ ____ ______ when her son lied.
当她的儿子撒谎时, 与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。
②The writer is more in name than in reality.
这个作家名不副实。
③I’m more than happy to take you there in my car.
我非常乐意用我的车带你去那儿。
④Signing the forms is more than a formality.
在那些表格上签名不仅仅是一种形式。
more
sad
than
angry
9. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你, (世界上)没有什么标准英语。
“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”, 其中单数名词前不可再加冠词, 相当于“not such a/an＋单数名词”。
①In the men’s 110m hurdles final, America’s Merritt won the gold medal, but Liu Xiang had no such luck.
在110米跨栏决赛中来自美国的梅里特夺得金牌, 刘翔却没有这样的运气。
②We can find no such tour guide in our city.
在我们这座城市我们找不到这样的导游。
【拓展】 such还可用于以下几种结构：
a(n) +adj. +单数名词
(1)such+ adj. +复数名词 +that结果状语从句
adj. +不可数名词
(2)such. . . as. . . 像……这样的……
(3)such as例如, 用于列举人或事物, 与所列举的内容之间没有标点符号分隔
③比较下列句子, 说明其连接词的作用
A: The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand. (as引导_________)
B: The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it. (that引导_____________)
定语从句
结果状语从句
【高考链接】
(·重庆高考)Everything comes with _____ price; there is no such _____ thing as a free lunch in the world.
A. a, a B. the, / C. the, a D. a, /
【解析】选D。句意：任何事情都是要付出代价的, 在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。price是可数名词单数形式, 表泛指须要加不定冠词a；no such后的名词一般不用冠词。
1. expression n. 词语；表示；表达；表情
观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义
①He closed his letter with an expression of grateful thanks.
( )
②At first we’ll learn new words and expressions and then go over the text. ( )
③He looked at me with a very strange expression. ( )
④In class the teacher gave expression to his hopes for a new subject. ( )
表达
词语
表情
表示
2. play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与
①She plays an active part in all kinds of activities held by school. 她积极参与学校举行的各种活动。
【点津】play a part in. . . = play a role in. . . 在……中扮演一个角色； 在……中起作用
②The famous actress, Fan Bingbing, plays a leading role in the TV play.
著名女演员范冰冰在这部电视剧里担任主角。
观察例句, 完成填空
③The part of the old grandmother was played by Julia.
本句为_______(简单句/复合句), ____在句中作主语, 谓语动词play用了_____语态(主动/被动)。
④The part that she played in this project was very important.
本句为_______(简单句/复合句), 含有that引导的_________, 先行词为____。
简单句
part
被动
复合句
定语从句
part