牛津深圳版九年级英语上册知识讲义-宾语从句

初中英语
宾语从句
学习目标
1.
通过学习本课，能够掌握宾语从句的基本构成和用法。
2.
通过学习本课，能够掌握宾语从句的特殊用法和主句与从句的时态对应。
重点：宾语从句的基本构成和用法。
难点：宾语从句的特殊用法和主句与从句的时态对应。
1.
在中考说明中，本课知识的考试要求为熟练掌握宾语从句的基本构成和用法。
2.
本课考点主要出现在单选题和部分完形填空题中，所占分值基本都是1分。
知识梳理
宾语从句
I
don’t
understand
how
that
is
a
balanced
diet.
我不明白那怎么是均衡的饮食呢！
在复合句中起宾语作用的从句为宾语从句，包括动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
1.
宾语从句的连接词：
（1）从句为陈述句时，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。如：
He
said
(that)
he
could
finish
his
homework
before
supper.
他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
Everyone
knows
(that)
money
doesn’t
grow
on
trees.
大家都知道钱不能在树上生长。
（2）从句为一般疑问句时，常用连接词if或whether。如：
I
don’t
know
if
there
will
be
a
bus
any
more.
我不知道是否还会有公共汽车。
Nobody
knew
whether
he
could
pass
the
exam.
没有人知道他是否会通过考试。
（3）从句为特殊疑问句时，常用what,
when,
where,
which,
who,
how等疑问代词、副词作连接词。如：
Could
you
tell
me
why
you
were
late
for
the
meeting
this
morning?
你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？
Do
you
know
_________
I
saw
yesterday?
It
was
my
favorite
star,
Jackie!
A.
whom
B.
when
C.
where
D.
how
答案：A
思路分析：句意“你知道我昨天看到谁了吗？是我最喜欢的明星Jackie！”连接代词whom在宾语从句中作宾语，连接副词when,
where,
why,
how等在宾语从句中作状语。saw是及物动词，需要有自己的宾语，故选A。
2.
宾语从句的语序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须用陈述语序，即“主语+连接词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+…）”。
Let
me
know
whether
you
are
coming.
告诉我你是否要来。
Can
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
bus
station?
你能告诉我到公交车站怎么走吗？
—I
don’t
know
_______.
—Because
he
has
to
look
after
his
mother.
A
why
he
is
leaving
B.
why
is
he
leaving
C.
whether
he
is
leaving
D.
where
will
I
put
答案：A
思路分析：宾语从句应用陈述语序，排除B、D两项；由答语中的Because知上句中应用why引导宾语从句。故选A。
3.
宾语从句的时态：
（1）主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。如：
I
remember
he
gave
me
a
book
yesterday.
我记得他昨天给了我一本书。（这里主句I
remember用的是一般现在时，宾语从句中有yesterday，应用一般过去时。）
（2）主句用过去时，从句用过去的某个时态。如：
He
told
me
that
he
would
take
part
in
the
high
jump.
他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。（这个句子的主句是He
told
me,
用的是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去的相应的时态，而“他将参加跳高比赛”应该用一般将来时，但在宾语从句中要用过去将来时。）
（3）宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等时，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：
He
told
me
that
the
earth
goes
round
the
sun.
他告诉我地球绕着太阳转。（从句为客观真理，用一般现在时。）
—Do
you
know
________________?
—Yes,
I
do.
He
went
by
skateboarding!
A.
whether
Paul
will
go
or
not
B.
when
will
Paul
go
to
the
party
C.
how
Paul
went
to
the
party
D.
how
did
Paul
go
to
the
party
答案：C
思路分析：宾语从句必须用陈述语序，排除B和D
选项；又由答语句意“是的，我知道。他滑滑板去的！”可知，问句询问的是去参加聚会的方式。故可推测问句句意“你知道保罗是怎么参加聚会的吗？”故选C。
即学即练
1.
I’m
glad
________
there
are
few
__________
in
our
city.
A.
that;
child
workers
B.
that;
children
worker
C.
when;
child
workers
D.
when;
children
worker
2.
I
want
to
know
________
the
bike
is
Mike’s.
A.
that
B.
if
C.
because
D.
while
3.
—Would
you
like
to
visit
the
museum
with
us
this
weekend?
—I’d
love
to,
but
I’m
not
sure
________
I
have
time
or
not.
A.
that
B.
if
C.
whether
D.
weather
4.
—Tell
me
____________.
—Well,
it’s
like…
A.
what
is
wrong
with
it
B.
what
is
it
C.
what
the
matter
is
with
it
D.
what
is
it
like
5.
—Did
the
radio
say
___________?
—Yes,
from
Hunan.
A.
how
the
bad
rice
came
B.
where
the
bad
rice
came
from
C.
how
did
the
bad
rice
come
D.
where
did
the
bad
rice
come
from
答案：ABCAB
思路分析：
1.
考查that引导的宾语从句，child
worker的复数形式是child
workers，故选A。
2.
本题考查if引导的宾语从句的用法，根据句意“我想知道那辆自行车是不是麦克的。”可知选B。
3.
在本题中whether后接宾语从句，与or
not连用，不能与if替换，故选C。
4.
考查宾语从句。Tell
me后为宾语从句，宾语从句应该用陈述语序，由此可排除B、D两个选项。A项为陈述句语序，what
is
wrong
with
…是习惯用语。而C选项语序错误。故选A。
5.
从答语中的from
Hunan可知是问“地方”，排除A，C；由宾语从句应该用陈述语序可知D选项错误，故选B。
同步练习
（答题时间：10分钟）
一、句型转换（把下面五句话变为宾语从句）
1.
“Can
I
go
to
see
the
fashion
show?”
Jane
asked
her
mother.
Jane
asked
her
mother
____
____
____
go
to
see
the
fashion
show.
2.
“When
are
you
leaving
for
Beijing?”
Tom
asked
me.
Tom
asked
me
____
_____
_____
leaving
for
Beijing.
3.
“I
feel
better.”
Peter
told
me.
Peter
told
me
____
_____
____
better.
4.
“Who
will
play
the
piano?”
Jack
asked.
Jack
asked
_____
____
play
the
piano.
5.
“The
earth
is
bigger
than
the
moon.”
the
teacher
said.
The
teacher
said
_____
the
earth
_____
bigger
than
the
moon.
二、单项选择
1.
It’s
warm
inside.
I
think
_____
you’d
better
take
off
your
coat.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
how
2.
I
don’t
know
_____
on
a
trip
to
Canada.
A.
if
he
goes
B.
if
will
he
go
C.
if
he
will
go
D.
if
that
he
will
go
3.
What
a
nice
paper
fish!
Can
you
show
us
____
you
make
it?
A.
whether
B.
how
C.
why
D.
what
4.
—Miss
Lee,
I
didn’t
catch
what
you
said.
Could
you
tell
me
____
again?
—OK.
A.
what
should
we
take
B.
where
is
he
from
C.
when
we
would
start
D.
how
we
will
get
there
5.
—Do
you
know
_______?
—He
is
a
dentist.
A.
where
he
is
from
B.
where
is
he
from
C.
what
does
his
father
do
D.
what
his
father
is
答案
一、1.
if
/
whether
she
could
2.
when
I
was
3.
that
he
felt
4.
who
would
5.
that;
is
二、
1.
B
解析：本题考查that引导的宾语从句。句意“你最好脱下外套。”故选B。
2.
C
解析：本题考查宾语从句。由句意“我不知道他是否要去加拿大旅行。”可知，时态用一般将来时，排除A；宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B；D用了两个连接词，故正确答案选C。
3.
B
解析：考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为“多漂亮的纸鱼啊！你能给我们展示一下你是怎样做的吗？”how意为“怎样”，表示做事情的方式，符合题意。故选B。
4.
D
解析：考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述语序，而A、B两项不是陈述句语序；表示将来发生的事情应该用一般将来时。故选D。
5.
D
解析：考查宾语从句的语序和引导词。由答语可知询问的是“他父亲是做什么的？”，宾语从句用陈述句语序，故选D。