北师大版（2019）高中英语 选择性必修第一册 Unit1 Relationshis课件+练习（共7份打包）

UNIT
1
RELATIONSHIPS
Section
C　WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Focusing
on
a　　　　　
(话题)is
important
for
a
successful
small
talk.?
答案topic
2.After
being
led
by
him,one　　　　　
(创新)after
another
are
showing.?
答案innovation
3.　　　　　(清晰)is
very
important
for
a
business
letter.?
答案Clarity
4.He
speaks
English
and
French
with
equal　　　　?
(流利).?
答案fluency
5.How
does
one
get
to
know
the
disease　　　　　
(进展)??
答案progression
6.An
honest
man
will
never
break
his
　　　　　(约定).?
答案engagement
7.All
in
all,
I　　　　　　
(真诚地)
invite
you
to
come
to
our
school
and
see
for
yourself.?
答案sincerely
8.It
is
easier
to
fight
for
one’s　　　　　
(原则)than
to
live
up
to
them.?
答案principles
9.She
plays
an
active
part
in
local　　　　　
(政治).?
答案politics
10.Without
direction
and　　　　　
(动力),a
person
would
not
know
what
to
do.?
答案motivation
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Tom
had
to
turn
down
the　　　　　
(invite)to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.?
答案invitation
2.By
the
time
we
arrived,she
　　　　　(organise)the
trip
properly.?
答案had
organised
3.I
realised
running
was
a
battle
against
myself,not
about　　　　　
(compete).?
答案competition
4.As
children
grew,they
became
more
anxious
to
get
more
public　　　　　
(approve).?
答案approval
5.In
time
of
war,lots
of
money
will
be
spent
on
　　　　　(defend).?
答案defence
6.　　　　　(educate)
develops
potential
abilities.?
答案Education
7.He
learns　　　　　
(pronounce)by
imitating
the
teacher.?
答案pronunciation
8.In
fact,women
are
less
likely
to
have
high
blood
　　　　　(press)
or
to
die
from
heart
attacks.?
答案pressure
9.It
is　　　　　
(risk)
to
make
wrong
judgements.?
答案risky
10.He
had
a　　　　　
(think)
look
on
his
face.?
答案thoughtful
Ⅲ.选择合适的短语完成句子
belong
to,
so
far,
take
up,
on
behalf
of,
in
contrast
to,
feel
like,
be
responsible
for,
be
willing
to,
be
low
in,
fit
in
1.I
am
doing
a
project　　　　　
my
school
about
global
warming.?
答案on
behalf
of
2.　　　　　
there
is
no
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
it.?
答案So
far
3.You
should　　　　　
my
suggestion
and
start
saving
money.?
答案take
up
4.For
example,a
university
professor
may
have
a
high
status
but
not　　　　　
a
high
social
class.?
答案belong
to
5.　　　　　
this
method,the
other
one
would
double
the
work
and
is
totally
a
waste
of
money
and
time.?
答案In
contrast
to
6.He　　　　　
run
the
risk
of
losing
his
money.?
答案is
willing
to
7.There
is
no
doubt
that
they　　　　　
solar
energy.?
答案are
responsible
for
8.Every
time
you　　　　　
smoking
a
cigarette,remind
yourself
that
you
are
a
non-smoker.?
答案feel
like
9.I
desperately
tried
to　　　　　
my
new
school.?
答案fit
in
10.The
dishes
served
at
this
restaurant　　　　　price
and
high
in
quality.?
答案are
low
in
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他对着玩具看了一会儿,转过身来却发现父母不见了。
After　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for
some
time,he
turned
around
and
found
that
his
parents
were
missing.?
答案looking
at
the
toy
2.媒体报道有1
000多人在地震中丧生。
The
media
reported
more
than
1,000
people　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　in
the
earthquake.?
答案had
been
killed
3.如果你看到有趣的事情,可以请访谈对象进行讨论。
If
you
see
something
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
ask
your
interviewee
to
discuss
it.?
答案that
looks
interesting
4.由于路上的种种耽搁,我们的确比原计划迟到了两天。
Owing
to
various
delays
on
route,we
　　　　　　　　　　two
days
behind
schedule.?
答案did
arrive
5.说话要清楚,这样我们才能听明白你的话。
Arrange
your
words
　　　　　　　　　　we
can
understand
what
you
are
saying.?
答案so
that
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文
(2020福建清流高一上期末)
About
five
years
ago
I
started
at
a
new
school
when
my
family
moved
to
Iowa.I
was
just
a
little
excited,but
I
worried
I
would
never
fit
in
with
the
other
sixth
graders.
Lucy,a
girl
in
my
class,who
I
thought
was
not
ready
for
change,didn’t
like
me
from
the
start.In
fact,I
was
pretty
sure
she
hated
me.I
would
ask
her
a
question,and
I
could
tell
she
thought
I
was
a
total
fool.
My
teacher
made
us
sit
by
each
other
for
the
last
term.Lucy
was
horrified
(惊骇的).I
didn’t
wear
make-up
(化妆品),and
I
didn’t
wear
those
terrible
bell-bottom
pants.I
didn’t
exactly
look
like
the
coolest
girl.But,I
kept
smiling
at
her,though
she
rolled
her
eyes,and
I
kept
telling
her
she
looked
beautiful,even
when
she
was
angry.
Finally,Lucy
let
me
talk
to
her,even
in
sight
of
her
“cool”
friends.She
started
telling
me
how
beautiful
I
looked.I
still
remember
that
first
time
when
she
smiled
at
me
saying
that,and
I
smiled
right
back,telling
her
thanks.Lucy
invited
me
over
to
her
house
for
a
party,and
talked
to
me
all
the
time
instead
of
her
other
friends.Lucy,the
girl
who
hated
me,called
me
her
best
friend.After
that,we
still
were
good
friends
a
whole
year
later.
I
may
have
moved
to
Arizona
after
that,but
I
will
never
forget
Lucy.It’s
funny—I
still
remember
her
birthday.She
was
a
great
friend.And
to
think,she
considered
me
her
enemy
at
first.Though
it
was
hard,and
it
felt
like
I
was
wasting
my
time,and
losing
my
dignity
(尊严),I
still
smiled
at
Lucy
when
she
made
fun
of
me.I’m
not
stupid.I
didn’t
think
she
was
right
in
doing
those
things,but
I
still
put
up
with
it.And
we
became
great
friends.
About
two
weeks
ago,I
read
a
sentence
by
Abraham
Lincoln:“Am
I
not
destroying
my
enemies
when
I
make
friends
of
them?”
Immediately,I
smiled,thinking
of
Lucy.That
sentence
just
reminded
me
how
great
it
was
for
me
to
change
Lucy
into
my
friend
in
that
state
of
Iowa
five
years
ago.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者结交朋友的一段经历。作者在六年级的时候搬到一个新地方,当时有一个小女孩对她特别不友好,但是后来在她的努力下她成功获得了这个女孩的友谊。正如亚伯拉罕·林肯所说的:化敌为友,不也是消灭敌人的一种办法吗?
1.When
the
author
started
at
a
new
school
in
Iowa,she
worried
　　　.?
A.she
looked
stupid
when
asking
questions
B.she
didn’t
look
like
the
coolest
girl
in
her
class
C.she
was
not
ready
for
change
at
all
D.she
couldn’t
get
along
well
with
her
classmates
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据文章首段中的“but
I
worried
I
would
never
fit
in
with
the
other
sixth
graders”可知作者转到新学校,她担心不能和同学友好相处。选D项。
2.How
did
the
author
change
Lucy’s
attitude
towards
her?
A.By
wearing
make-up.
B.By
keeping
smiling
at
Lucy.
C.By
wearing
bell-bottom
pants.
D.By
sitting
beside
Lucy
in
class.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“I
kept
smiling
at
her,though
she
rolled
her
eyes,and
I
kept
telling
her
she
looked
beautiful,even
when
she
was
angry.”可知作者通过自己对别人的友好获得了友谊,故选B项。
3.From
Paragraph
5,we
know
the
author
thought
　　　.?
A.it
was
right
for
her
to
suffer
when
making
friends
B.it
was
a
waste
of
time
to
make
friends
with
Lucy
C.it
was
a
shameful
thing
to
put
up
with
what
Lucy
did
D.it
was
foolish
of
her
to
smile
at
Lucy
all
the
time
答案A
解析细节理解题。在文章第五段中作者讲述了自己和Lucy交朋友的不易,但是通过她的努力她最终获得了Lucy的友谊,通过本段中的“I
didn’t
think
she
was
right
in
doing
those
things,but
I
still
put
up
with
it.And
we
became
great
friends.”可知作者认为这一切都是值得的。选A项。
4.What
is
the
main
idea
of
this
passage?
A.Patience
is
important
in
making
friends.
B.Friendship
needs
to
be
cared
for.
C.Making
friends
means
losing
enemies.
D.Kindness
can
defeat
any
enemy.
答案C
解析主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者如何获得友谊的一段经历,通过文章最后引用Abraham
Lincoln的话“Am
I
not
destroying
my
enemies
when
I
make
friends
of
them?”可知选C项。
B
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:说明文
(2020重庆南开中学高一上期末)
Several
recent
studies
have
found
that
being
randomly
assigned(分配)
to
a
roommate
of
another
race
can
lead
to
increased
tolerance
but
also
to
a
greater
likelihood
(可能性)
of
conflict.
Recent
reports
found
that
lodging
with
a
student
of
a
different
race
may
decrease
prejudice
and
force
students
to
engage
in
more
ethnically
diverse
friendships.
An
Ohio
State
University
study
also
found
that
black
students
living
with
a
white
roommate
saw
higher
academic
success
throughout
their
college
careers.Researchers
believe
this
may
be
caused
by
social
pressure.
In
a
New
York
Times
article,Sam
Boakye—the
only
black
student
on
his
freshman
year
floor—said
that
“if
you’re
surrounded
by
whites,you
have
something
to
prove.”
Researchers
also
observed
problems
resulting
from
pairing
interracial
students
in
residences.
According
to
two
recent
studies,randomly
assigned
roommates
of
different
races
are
more
likely
to
experience
conflicts
so
strained
that
one
roommate
will
move
out.
An
Indiana
University
study
found
that
interracial
roommates
were
three
times
as
likely
as
two
white
roommates
to
no
longer
live
together
by
the
end
of
the
semester.
Grace
Kao,a
professor
at
Penn
said
she
was
not
surprised
by
the
findings.“This
may
be
the
first
time
that
some
of
these
students
have
interacted,and
lived,with
someone
of
a
different
race,”
she
said.
At
Penn,students
are
not
asked
to
indicate
race
when
applying
for
housing.
“One
of
the
great
things
about
freshman
housing
is
that,with
some
exceptions,the
process
throws
you
together
randomly,”
said
Undergraduate
Assembly
chairman
Alec
Webley.“This
is
the
definition
of
integration
(融合).”
“I’ve
experienced
roommate
conflicts
between
interracial
students
that
have
both
broken
down
stereotypes
and
reinforced
stereotypes,”
said
one
Penn
resident
advisor
(RA).The
RA
of
two
years
added
that
while
some
conflicts
“provided
more
multicultural
acceptance
and
melding
(融合)”,
there
were
also
“cultural
conflicts”.
The
RA
said
that
these
conflicts
have
also
occurred
among
roommates
of
the
same
race.
Kao
said
she
cautions
against
forming
any
generalisations
based
on
any
one
of
the
studies,noting
that
more
background
characteristics
of
the
students
need
to
be
studied
and
explained.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了在美国很多大学在分配宿舍的时候,没有考虑到学生的种族,最后导致了很多问题。最近的两项研究发现,随机分配的不同种族的室友更有可能导致紧张的冲突,以致于一个室友会搬出去。
5.What
can
we
learn
from
some
recent
studies?
A.Conflicts
between
students
of
different
races
are
unavoidable.
B.Students
of
different
races
are
prejudiced
against
each
other.
C.Interracial
lodging
does
more
harm
than
good.
D.Interracial
lodging
may
have
diverse
outcomes.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Several
recent
studies
have
found
that
being
randomly
assigned(分配)
to
a
roommate
of
another
race
can
lead
to
increased
tolerance
but
also
to
a
greater
likelihood
(可能性)
of
conflict.”可知,从最近的一些研究中,我们可以了解到不同种族间的住宿可能会有不同的结果。故选D项。
6.What
does
Sam
Boakye’s
remark
mean?
A.White
students
tend
to
look
down
upon
their
black
peers.
B.Black
students
can
compete
with
their
white
peers
academically.
C.Black
students
feel
somewhat
embarrassed
among
white
peers
during
this
year.
D.Being
surrounded
by
white
peers
motivates
a
black
student
to
work
harder
to
succeed.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In
a
New
York
Times
article,Sam
Boakye—the
only
black
student
on
his
freshman
year
floor—said
that
‘if
you’re
surrounded
by
whites,you
have
something
to
prove.’”可知,当黑人学生周围全是白人学生的时候,他需要做很多的事来证明他是优秀的,不比其他人差。即Sam
Boakye的话意味着周围都是白人同龄人,这激励着黑人学生更加努力地争取成功。故选D项。
7.The
Indiana
University
study
implies
that　　　.?
A.interracial
roommates
are
more
likely
to
part
B.roommates
of
different
races
just
can’t
get
along
C.few
white
students
like
sharing
a
room
with
a
black
peer
D.assigning
students’
lodging
randomly
is
not
a
good
policy
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第七段中的“An
Indiana
University
study
found
that
interracial
roommates
were
three
times
as
likely
as
two
white
roommates
to
no
longer
live
together
by
the
end
of
the
semester.”可知,印第安纳大学的研究表明,跨种族的室友之间的问题很多,所以这样的安排最终会导致跨种族的室友更容易分开。故选A项。
8.What
does
Alec
Webley
consider
to
be
the
“definition
of
integration”?
A.Students
of
different
races
are
required
to
share
a
room.
B.Interracial
lodging
is
arranged
by
the
school
for
freshmen.
C.Lodging
is
assigned
to
students
of
different
races
without
exception.
D.The
school
assigns
roommates
without
regard
to
race.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段中的“One
of
the
great
things
about
freshman
housing
is
that,with
some
exceptions,the
process
throws
you
together
randomly,said
Undergraduate
Assembly
chairman
Alec
Webley.‘This
is
the
definition
of
integration.’”可知,Alec
Webley认为学校分配室友不分种族、随机组合就是融合的定义。故选D项。
Ⅵ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你的美国朋友David对中国文化很感兴趣,你想邀请他来参加你市举办的国际文化交流节,请你根据以下提示给他写封邀请信。主要内容:
1.提出邀请;
2.简单介绍活动;
3.表达你的期望。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
Dear
David,
I’m
quite
happy
to
learn
that
you
have
great
interest
in
Chinese
culture.Luckily,an
international
cultural
festival
is
to
be
held
in
my
city.I
wonder
if
you
would
like
to
visit
my
city
and
enjoy
it
with
me.
As
scheduled,the
festival
is
to
be
held
in
the
city
hall
on
October
26th,lasting
for
three
days.Participants
from
all
over
the
world
will
show
their
country’s
cuisine,costumes,arts
and
crafts.Music
and
dance
of
different
styles
are
also
included,as
well
as
Chinese
painting
and
calligraphy.I’m
sure
that
the
festival
will
promote
your
understanding
of
different
cultures.
I
promise
you
will
learn
a
lot
and
have
a
good
time.
Yours,
Li
Hua
Ⅶ.概要写作
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Good
friendships
seem
to
be
especially
helpful
for
the
heart.A
three-year
Swedish
study
of
more
than
13,600
men
and
women
found
that
having
few
or
no
close
friends
increased
the
risk
of
having
a
heart
attack
by
about
50
percent.A
two-year
study
of
more
than
500
women
with
suspected
coronary
artery(冠状动脉
)disease
showed
similar
results.Women
who
reported
the
lowest
levels
of
social
support
were
twice
as
likely
to
die
during
the
study.The
women
who
enjoyed
close
support
were
not
only
more
likey
to
be
alive
after
two
years,they
also
had
lower
rates
of
high
blood
pressure
and
were
less
likely
to
have
excessive
fat.
As
reported
in
the
Journal
of
the
National
Medical
Association,friendships
and
other
types
of
social
support
can
help
relieve
stress,a
well-known
contributor
to
heart
disease.Among
other
things,stress
can
encourage
inflammation
(炎症)
in
arteries.The
research
is
still
not
very
mature,but
some
studies
have
found
that
people
who
enjoy
close
support
from
friends
and
family
generally
have
fewer
inflammatory
chemicals
in
their
blood.The
link
between
social
ties
and
inflammation
seems
to
be
especially
marked
in
older
people.
When
stress
does
appear,friends
can
encourage
healthy
reactions.People
who
lack
strong
social
support
tend
to
have
dramatic
and
potentially
dangerous
reactions
to
scary
situations.Their
hearts
pound
and
their
blood
pressure
soars.But
friends
can
help
keep
the
heart
on
a
more
even
keel.A
study
published
in
the
Annals
of
Behavioral
Medicine
found
that
young
men
and
women
discussing
rough
patches
in
their
lives
had
a
lower
pulse
and
blood
pressure
when
they
had
a
supportive
friend
at
their
side.
Finally,friendships
may
help
encourage
a
heart-healthy
lifestyle.As
reported
in
Current
Opinion
in
Psychiatry,people
are
more
likely
to
eat
fruit
and
vegetables,exercise
regularly
and
quit
smoking
if
they
have
a
network
of
friends
and
family.
?
?
?
?
参考范文
It
is
reported
that
good
friendships
are
good
to
the
heart,which
can
reduce
the
rate
of
suffering
high
blood
pressure
and
keep
lower
fat
to
help
people
live
longer.(要点1)Besides,a
study
shows
friendships
and
other
social
support
can
help
reduce
stress,thus
decreasing
inflammation
in
blood.(要点2)
In
addition,friends
can
encourage
people
to
make
healthy
reactions
to
stress.(要点3)
In
conclusion,people
having
friendships
may
live
a
heart-healthy
life.(要点4)UNIT
1
RELATIONSHIPS
Section
B　LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The
writer
gets
no
immediate　　　　　
(反馈)
and
simply
has
to
imagine
the
reader’s
reaction.?
答案feedback
2.You
should
learn
how
to
　　　　　(处理)
the
problems
it
has
caused.?
答案handle
3.I
don’t
want
to　　　　　
(使生气)
you,but
I
found
your
menu
so
limited.?
答案upset
4.How
can
you
expect
to
improve
your
spoken
English
if
you
are　　　　　
(羞愧的)
of
making
mistakes
and
never
open
your
mouth??
答案ashamed
5.As
well
as
helping
with
treatments,Ricochet
also　　　　　
(筹集)
￡5,000
to
help
continue
Ian’s
recovery.?
答案raised
6.At
last
feeling
very
upset
and　　　　　(敏感的),Freddy
and
his
band
realised
that
they
must
leave
the
county.?
答案sensitive
7.The　　　　　
(截止日期)of
the
job
for
making
an
application
is
next
Friday.?
答案deadline
8.Mexicans
may
use
silence
rather
than
be　　　　　
(无理的)to
that
person
by
arguing
with
him
or
her.?
答案rude
9.The
most
urgent
question
may
be
how
to
control
the
　　　　　(流动)of
tourists.?
答案flow
10.The
port
is
important
for
the
supply
of
relief
to
　　　　　(百万)of
drought
victims.?
答案millions
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The
English
　　　　　(prefer)
for
the
weather
has
nothing
to
do
with
the
natural
phenomena.?
答案preference
2.He
returned
with
the　　　　　(intend)
of
spending
the
New
Year
with
his
family.?
答案intention
3.He
found
he
could
no
longer
deal
with
his
　　　　　(demand)
job.?
答案demanding
4.Although
these
measures
are
not　　　　　(effect)
forever,
they
are
important
now.?
答案effective
5.Haytor
is
a
tourist-heavy
area
and
tourists
are　　　　　(constant)
feeding
the
horses
food.?
答案constantly
6.I
benefited
a
lot
from
my　　　　　
(associate)
with
him.?
答案association
7.We
had　　　　　
(bare)enough
money
to
last
through
the
weekend.?
答案barely
8.It
is
certain
that
they
still
face
challenges
in
turning
this
potential
into
　　　　　(real).?
答案reality
9.I
have
nothing
to
say
with
regard
to
your　　　　　
(complain).?
答案complaint(s)
10.The
man
making
the
call
is
to
make
an　　　　　
(appoint).?
答案appointment
Ⅲ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1.Out
　　　　　touching
distance,
I
could
enjoy
the
view
of
snowy
mountains.?
答案of
2.Sitting
back
in
the
car　　　　　
the
way
to
the
airport,
I
figured
it
all
out.?
答案on
3.Everybody
must
check　　　　　
the
PS
to
see
if
any
is
missing.?
答案through
4.One
day
a
couple　　　　　
weeks
into
the
summer
he
came
to
me
and
said
he
made
a
mistake.?
答案of
5.We
usually
associate
　　　　　living
things:a
wish
to
preserve
its
own
existence.?
答案with
6.I
am
wired
　　　　　,because
we
can
cook
by
electricity
now.?
答案up
7.　　　　　reality,it’s
the
chair
that
does
the
important
work.?
答案In
8.He
never
ceased
to
chase　　　　　
his
dream
in
his
youth.?
答案after
9.He
got
back
　　　　　his
office,never
once
looking
back
to
see
if
he
was
being
followed.?
答案to
10.Whenever
these
girls
get
together,they
chatter　　　　　
non-stop.?
答案away
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他的口信一送出去,他就让我留下来观看。
　　　
　　　　　　　　　　his
message
was
delivered,
he
allowed
me
to
stay
and
watch.?
答案As
soon
as
2.当他们意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜的时候,他们做饭的时间就会大大减少。
They
cook
much
less
than　　　　　
they
realise
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.?
答案once
3.颜色是让房间有你想要的感觉的关键。
Colour
is
the
key
　　　　　　　　　　a
room
feel
the
way
you
want
it
to
feel.?
答案to
making
4.人们普遍认为这次会议是成功的。
The
general
opinion
is　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
答案that
the
meeting
was
a
success
5.他已经成为我们镇上第一个出国的人。
He
has
become
the
first　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　in
our
town.?
答案to
go
abroad
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:说明文
Most
children
now
chat
daily
either
online
or
through
their
mobile
phones.They
are
connecting
to
a
huge
number
of
other
children
all
over
the
world.Some
are
shy
“in
real
life”
but
are
confident
to
communicate
with
others
online;others
find
support
from
people
of
their
own
age
on
relationship
issues,or
problems
at
home.
Sometimes
the
online
world,just
like
the
real
world,can
introduce
problems,such
as
cheating
or
arguments.Going
online
is
great
fun,but
there
are
also
a
few
people
who
use
the
internet
to
do
bad
things.Children
must
know
that
there
are
both
the
good
things
and
the
dangers
on
the
internet.
To
keep
children
safe,your
management
must
cover
the
family
computer.Just
as
you
decide
which
TV
programmes
are
suitable,you
need
to
do
the
same
for
the
websites
and
chatrooms
your
children
visit.Remind
your
children
that
online
friends
are
still
strangers
and
there
are
dangers
too.
Computer
studies
are
part
of
schoolwork
now,so
it’s
likely
that
your
children
may
know
more
than
you
do.We
get
left
behind
when
it
comes
to
the
interactive
areas
of
websites,like
chatrooms
and
message
boards,which
are
especially
strange.The
language
of
chat
is
strange
to
many
parents,too.Chatters
love
to
use
abbreviations
(缩写)
such
as:atb—all
the
best,bbfn—bye
bye
for
now,cul8er—see
you
later,gr8—great,Idk—I
don’t
know,imbl—it
must
be
love,kit—keep
in
touch,paw—parents
are
watching,lol—laugh
out
loud,xlnt—excellent!
It
seems
like
another
language,and
it
is!
【语篇解读】文章主要说明了目前孩子上网的现状及利弊,并阐述了家长应该如何监督和引导孩子合理使用网络。
1.The
passage
is
meant
for
　　　.?
　　　　　　　　　
A.children
B.teachers
C.parents
D.net
bar
owners
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“To
keep
children
safe,your
management
must
cover
the
family
computer.”以及“Remind
your
children
that
online
friends
are
still
strangers
and
there
are
dangers
too.”可知,这篇文章主要是写给父母的。故选C项。
2.In
order
to
keep
children
safe
online,you’d
better
　　　.?
A.not
allow
them
to
use
the
internet
B.surf
the
internet
together
with
them
C.teach
them
to
use
correct
net
words
D.choose
suitable
websites
and
chatrooms
for
them
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“you
need
to
do
the
same
for
the
websites
and
chatrooms
your
children
visit”可知,父母要给孩子选择合适的网站和聊天室,故选D项。
3.If
you
stand
beside
him
when
your
son
is
chatting
about
something
secret
online,he
may
use
　　　.?
A.bbfn
B.lol
C.cul8er
D.paw
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“paw—parents
are
watching”可知,这个缩写代表了父母在旁边观看,所以你的孩子会用这个网络用语来告诉对方,故选D项。
4.Which
of
the
following
will
the
author
probably
agree
with?
A.The
chat
language
is
strange
to
adults.
B.The
internet
is
not
good
for
children.
C.Children
can
chat
so
much
online.
D.The
internet
is
a
good
place
for
children.
答案A
解析推理判断题。从文章最后一段可推断A项是作者同意的观点。在第一段中作者客观地叙述了当前大多数孩子通过网络和手机大量聊天、认识大量朋友、获得同龄人的帮助的事实,看不出作者认为孩子们不应该过多地在网络上聊天。在第二段中作者认为上网很有趣,但必须让孩子们明白上网的好处和坏处。故B、C、D三项都不是作者同意的观点。故选A项。
Ⅵ.七选五
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:说明文
Nowadays,more
and
more
parents
are
using
a
new
technology,home
security
systems,to
keep
an
eye
on
their
“home-alone”
children.In
the
early
days
of
home
security,the
systems
were
basically
designed
just
to
keep
the
bad
guys
out.　1　But
be
sure,when
no
adult
is
present,he
or
she
knows
how
to
do
so
safely.?
Every
child
should
memorise
his
or
her
own
full
name
and
address,and
home,work
and
cellphone
numbers
of
each
parent.　2　If
your
child
is
too
young
to
memorise
the
information,he
or
she
may
be
too
young
to
be
home
alone—for
any
time.?
　3　If
a
door
or
a
window
is
slightly
open,the
child
has
any
reason
to
suspect
someone
has
been
in
the
house
that
shouldn’t
be.Have
him
or
her
call
you,and
then
wait
at
the
nearby
home
of
a
neighbour
who’s
agreed
to
act
as
a
safe
house.?
　4　Besides,set
a
rule
that
he
or
she
must
never
play
outside
the
house
when
no
one
else
is
at
home.?
Be
sure
your
child
knows
how
to
disarm
(解除)
and
arm
your
home
security
system.Programme
your
control
panel
(控制板)
to
give
you
a
message
when
your
child
enters
or
leaves
the
house,and
arms
or
disarms
the
system.　5　?
If
you
want
to
learn
more
about
home
security
systems
that
can
help
parents
protect
their
“home-alone”
children,you
can
visit
our
website.
A.Warn
your
“home-alone”
child
never
to
answer
the
doorbell
or
telephone.
B.You
and
your
child
should
work
together
to
use
the
home
security
systems.
C.At
present,the
systems
are
only
intended
for
“home-alone”
children.
D.Teach
your
child
to
observe
things
when
returning
to
the
house.
E.Also
keep
the
information
posted
next
to
the
phone
at
home.
F.Now,many
parents
are
also
using
them
to
make
their
“home-alone”
children
safe.
G.If
your
child
forgets
to
rearm
the
system,you
can
call
him
or
her
with
a
personal
reminder.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了父母上班不在家,无法实时照看孩子,而随着新技术的发明与发展,一种能够实时监控独自在家的孩子的工具就应运而生了,并为家长提供了几点建议。
1.F　该空前文讲述的是原来一开始这种家庭安全系统的使用目的,所以后文应该写的是这种系统工具的使用现状。
2.E　“to
memorise
the
information”指代的就是关于自己家庭的详细信息,所以E项“将这些有效的信息张贴在自己家电话的旁边”符合语境。
3.D　由“If
a
door
or
a
window
is
slightly
open”这句可以推断出“我们”要让自己的孩子回到家后注意观察有什么变化发生。
4.A　该空强调的是应该不让孩子做些什么,以提高孩子的警惕性,所以备选项中只有A项符合语境。
5.G　该空强调的是如何让孩子更好地使用安全系统。当孩子忘记了设定安全系统的话,就要带一个个人提醒器。
Ⅶ.完形填空
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文
Julie
and
I
wanted
to
get
together
with
Kirk.We
arranged
at
a
　1　
in
the
village
to
meet
for
dinner,which
was　2　
for
everyone
by
subway.?
It
was
a　3　
enough
place,and
we
had
to
wait
15
minutes
for
everybody
to
　4　.Then
we
ended
up
at
a
table
in
the
back
near
the
kitchen.The
food
was
excellent
and
the
waitress,a
young
woman,was
　5　
and
knew
just
what
to
　6　
on
the
menu.We
talked
and
ate
and
talked
more.Nobody
made
　7　
to
hurry
us
out,although
it
was
a
Sunday
night
and
　8　
somebody
would
be
waiting
out
for
a
table.?
The
bill
came.I
gave
the
waitress
my
credit
card.The
bill
came
back.I　9　
it
and
left
it
at
the
table.We
chatted
some
more.Then
we
got
up
and
headed
out
the
　10　.Outside
we
said
goodbye
to
Kirk
and
　11　
to
the
subway.?
We
had
gone
almost
two
blocks　12　
I
heard
someone
running
after
us,calling,“Excuse
me,sir.”
I
turned
　13　.It
was
the
　14　
from
the
restaurant.“You
left
your
credit
card,”
she
said
and
　15　
it
to
me.?
“Thanks
so
much,”
I
said,putting
it
in
my
wallet.I
didn’t
even
have
time
to
say
anything
before
she
was
already
hurrying
back
to
the
busy
restaurant.I
was
left
to
consider
her
amazing
kindness
and
enthusiasm.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者有一次去一家餐馆就餐,受到了女服务员的热情接待。后来由于不小心把信用卡落在了餐馆,幸运的是,那位服务员追了两条街,把卡送回到了作者手中。
1.A.restaurant
B.cafe
C.station
D.street
答案A
解析根据第四段可知,那是一家吃饭的餐馆。故选A项。
2.A.natural
B.satisfactory
C.convenient
D.successful
答案C
解析之所以选择那家餐馆,是因为大家乘地铁去那儿聚会都很“方便(convenient)”。故选C项。
3.A.content
B.busy
C.popular
D.familiar
答案B
解析根据第五段的第二句可知,那家餐馆生意很好,是一家很“热闹的(busy)”餐馆。故选B项。
4.A.give
up
B.show
up
C.take
off
D.set
off
答案B
解析根据第一段可知,大家所乘地铁线路不同。由于是约会,三个人不一定会同时到,需要等15分钟才能每个人都“出现(show
up)”。故选B项。
5.A.friendly
B.beautiful
C.generous
D.active
答案A
解析这家餐馆生意好,服务好;再结合下文的描述可知,那里的服务员是非常“友好的(friendly)”。故选A项。
6.A.recommend
B.order
C.consume
D.demand
答案A
解析作为服务员,她能根据菜单和客人的喜好来“推荐(recommend)”。故选A项。
7.A.an
offer
B.an
effort
C.a
promise
D.a
difference
答案B
解析既然生意火爆,来吃饭的人就很多。但是作者三人吃着、谈着,应该是拖了很长时间,可是没有人来催他们走。此处主要是描写餐馆和服务员的友好。短语make
an
effort
to
do
sth意为“努力做某事”。故选B项。
8.A.probably
B.deliberately
C.particularly
D.surely
答案D
解析餐馆本身生意好,又恰逢星期日,外面有人等着桌子吃饭,这一点是可以“肯定地(surely)”。故选D项。
9.A.paid
B.wrote
C.signed
D.signaled
答案C
解析注意文化差异。中国人大多会是付现金或者电子付款,对于外国人来说,他们喜欢用信用卡。首先来了账单,作者看完账单后把自己的信用卡交给服务员去柜台刷卡,然后服务员把卡还给作者,并把刷卡小票给作者“签字(sign)”,这个手续才算完成。故选C项。
10.A.kitchen
B.toilet
C.counter
D.door
答案D
解析还有很多人等着吃饭,所以作者几个人支付完账单之后,应该是站起来向门口走去,离开餐馆。下文中的描述也证明了这一点。故选D项。
11.A.adapted
B.rushed
C.headed
D.returned
答案C
解析呼应第一段的地铁的提示可知,作者他们吃完饭,与Kirk道别,就向地铁“走去(head)”。故选C项。
12.A.while
B.before
C.until
D.when
答案D
解析这是一个固定结构,表示“在做一件事时,发生了另外一件事”。作者已经走过了两个街区,这时听到有人在追赶他们。故选D项。
13.A.around
B.out
C.up
D.away
答案A
解析作者正在朝前走,听到后面有人喊,应该是“转过身来(turn
around)”。故选A项。
14.A.hostess
B.waitress
C.cashier
D.conductor
答案B
解析根据下文可知,追赶过来的就是那个“女服务员(waitress)”。故选B项。
15.A.explained
B.lent
C.reported
D.handed
答案D
解析根据上文可知,作者把信用卡掉到了餐馆里,女服务员是来还卡的,所以,她边说边把卡“递(hand)”给作者,接着马上就跑远了。故选D项。
Ⅷ.语篇填空
主题语境:人与自我　语篇类型:记叙文
In
March
1963,in
Washington,12-year-old
Edith
Lee-Payne
travelled
to
hear
Martin
Luther
King,Jr.speak.She
held
up
a
“March
for
Jobs
and
Freedom”
sign
and
listened
to
Dr
King’s
words
　1　
(respectful).The
experience
remained
with
Edith
as
an
adult,through
some
of
her
most
　2　
(difficulty)
struggles.In
1990,　3　
she
lost
her
20-year-old
son
in
an
accident,Edith
followed
King’s
example
and
turned
her
pain
into
　4　
effort
to
help
her
fellow
African-Americans.?
Then
in
2008,nearly
50
years
after
the
March,Edith
　5　
(receive)
a
phone
call.Her
cousin
found
a
calendar
with
the
famous
image
of
12-year-old
Edith
with
Dr
King.Edith
thought
her
cousin
was
joking.?
Still,　6　
(curious)
got
the
better
of
her.Edith
did
a
search
online.The
photo
wasn’t
hard
to
find—in
fact,it
was
famous!The
photo
　7　
(have)
been
published
in
textbooks
for
decades.At
first,Edith
was
　8　
shock.She
was
unwilling
to
believe
she
was
the
subject
of
such
a
historical
photo.But
when
　9　
looked
at
the
photo
of
the
12-year-old
girl,holding
up
a
“March
for
Jobs
and
Freedom”
sign,she
saw
her
own
eyes
　10　
(stare)
back
at
her.There
was
no
mistaking
it.?
答案与解析
【语篇解读】五十年前,十二岁的Edith
Lee-Payne举着牌子听了马丁·路德·金的演讲,五十年后,她发现她当年的一张照片被用在教科书上几十年了。
1.respectfully　考查副词。副词修饰动词listened。故填respectfully。
2.difficult　考查形容词。形容词修饰名词。故填difficult。
3.when　考查定语从句。引导定语从句,先行词为时间。故填when。
4.an　考查冠词。后面是可数名词effort,表泛指,且effort以元音音素开头,故填an。
5.received　考查动词时态。根据上下文可知此处用一般过去时。故填received。
6.curiosity　考查名词。名词作主语。故填curiosity。
7.had　考查动词时态。“相片被用在教科书上几十年了”,是在她发现之前,用过去完成时。故填had。
8.in　考查介词。in
shock“感到震惊”。故填in。
9.she　考查代词。根据上下文的提示,可知此处用she作主语。故填she。
10.staring　考查非谓语动词。see
sb
doing
sth“看到某人正在做某事”。故填staring。(共108张PPT)
UNIT
1
RELATIONSHIPS
素养导航
主题语境——人与社会　社会服务与人际沟通
The
Importance
of
Teacher-Student
Relationships
The
relationship
between
a
teacher
and
his
students
is
one
of
the
most
influential①
factors
in
a
learning
environment.This
is
a
key
element
affecting
students’
progress,engagement
of
school
and
academic
motivation.
Interactions②
between
the
teacher
and
his
students
are
not
only
affected
by
many
factors
but
in
turn③,also
affect
behaviour
and
academic
outcomes
of
students.Positive
and
supportive
relationships
between
students
and
their
teacher
greatly
increase
an
intelligence
of
belonging
and
motivate
students
to
willingly
take
part
in
different
classroom
activities.It
is
very
important
that
the
interaction
between
the
teacher
and
his
students
should
be
supportive
of
the
learning
environment.The
relationship
between
the
teacher
and
his
students
has
been
found
to
have
great
effects
on④
learning
and
schooling
experience
of
the
students.
An
educator
should
plan
to
enhance⑤
their
communication
with
students
to
allow
for⑥
the
quality
of
learning.If
the
relationship
between
the
teacher
and
students
is
positive,it
has
several
benefits
at
all
levels
of
an
educational
establishment,inside
the
classroom
and
across
the
whole
school
environment.
There
are
a
number
of
advantages
from
increased
engagement
to
the
self-esteem
of
establishing
a
positive
teacher-student
relationship
between
instructors
and
pupils
of
all
age
groups.The
presence
of
positive
student-teacher
interactions
alone
does
not
change
academic
success,but
learners
that
create
a
strong
bond⑦
with
their
teachers
perform
better
than
those
learners
who
have
some
conflict⑧
with
their
teachers.Teachers
can
help
in
improving
the
academic
success
of
the
students
by
expressing
confident
expectations
for
every
student,giving
students
similar
opportunities
to
take
part
in
class
discussion
and
motivate
students
that
they
are
self-confident
in
their
ability
to
get
success
when
it
comes
to
their
homework
or
coursework.?
A
healthy
and
positive
relationship
between
students
and
teachers
can
be
enormously
favourable
at
all
stages
of
an
educational
institution,inside
the
classroom
and
across
the
whole
school
environment.
词海拾贝
①influential
adj.有影响的
②interaction
n.互动
③in
turn反过来
④have
great
effects
on对……有巨大的影响
⑤enhance
v.增强,改善
⑥allow
for顾及,考虑到
⑦bond
n.纽带
⑧conflict
n.冲突
?
典句欣赏
The
presence
of
positive
student-teacher
interactions
alone
does
not
change
academic
success,but
learners
that
create
a
strong
bond
with
their
teachers
perform
better
than
those
learners
who
have
some
conflict
with
their
teachers.
译文:积极的师生互动本身并不会改变学生在学业上的成功,但是那些与老师建立了牢固联系的学生,会比那些与老师有冲突的学生表现得更好。
分析:这是一个并列复合句。句中but连接两个并列
分句,第一个分句是一个简单句;第二个分句中that引导一个定语从句,先行词是learners。who引导第二个定语从句,先行词为those
learners。
理解诱思
How
can
a
teacher
help
improve
students’
academic
success?
答案:By
expressing
confident
expectations
and
giving
them
similar
opportunities.
Section
A　TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.trait
n.　　　　?
2.niece
n.　　　　?
3.nephew
n.　　　　?
4.secondary
adj.　　
　　?
5.flu
n.　　　　
?
6.angle
n.　　　　?
7.triangle
n.　　　　?
8.hydrogen
n.　　　　?
9.rocket
n.　　　　?
特性,品质　
侄女,外甥女　
侄子,外甥　
中等教育的;中级的;次要的　
流行性感冒,流感　
角　
三角形　
氢　
火箭　
10.fuel
n.　　　　?
11.presentation
n.　　
　　?
12.acid
n.　　　　?
13.onion
n.　　　　?
14.educationalist
n.　　　　?
15.　　　　　
vt.主办;……的东道主　n.主人;主持人?
16.　　　　　
n.幽默感?
17.　　　　　
adj.热爱的,酷爱的;具有强烈信念的?
18.　　　　　
adj.外向的,好交际的?
19.　　　　　
adj.难以置信的;极好的?
20.　
　　　　
adv.偶尔;偶然?
燃料　
报告;陈述,说明　
酸　
洋葱　
教育(学)家
host　
humour　
passionate　
outgoing
incredible　
occasionally　
21.　　　　　
adj.情感上的;情绪上的?
22.　　　　　
adv.极度,极其?
23.　　　　　
adj.感激的,感谢的?
24.　　　　　
adj.实际的;实践的;切实可行的?
25.　　　　　
vt.灌,注,倒?
26.　　　　　
vt.缺乏?
27.　　　　　
n.行为,举止?
28.　　　　　
vt.拖,拉?
29.　　　　　
n.进入;接触的机会?
30.　　
　　　
adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的?
emotional
extremely　
grateful　
practical　
pour　
lack
behaviour　
drag　
access　
worthwhile
重点短语
1.for
the
first
time　　　　　　　?
2.pour
into　　　　　　　?
3.a
couple
of　　　　　　　?
4.　　　　　　　　过去经常,曾经?
5.　　　　　　　　总计达到?
6.　　　　　　　　点燃?
7.　　　　　　　　建立?
8.　　　　　　　　准许进入?
初次,第一次　
投入(倒)……于某物　
一双,一对　
used
to　
add
up
to　
set
off　
set
up　
have
access
to
重点句式
1.Sometimes
I
think,if
only
I
could
call
him
and
ask
for
his
opinion!
2.Then
we
could
make
sure
that
we
found
the
path
to
success,both
at
school
and
in
later
life,for
all
of
them.
重点语法过去完成时
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P8-9文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.I
did
well
in
maths
before
I
met
Mr
Jenkins.
2.Mr
Jenkins
began
to
teach
me
maths
when
I
was
15.
3.Mr
Jenkins
tried
his
best
to
make
his
class
interesting
and
alive.
4.Mr
Jenkins
helped
me
to
build
my
confidence.
5.With
the
help
of
Mr
Jenkins,I
gave
presentations
to
the
class
everywhere
again
and
again.
答案:
FTTTF
B.阅读P8-9文章,选出最佳选项。
1.What
can
we
know
about
Mr
Jenkins?
A.He
was
an
excellent
English
teacher.
B.He
was
a
bad
teacher
with
a
bit
lazy.
C.He
would
explain
hard
things
with
practical
examples.
D.He
would
force
students
to
give
presentations
to
the
class.
2.What
did
Mr
Jenkins
think
of
Graham
when
they
met
for
the
first
time?
A.Bored.　　　　　　　　B.Brave.
C.Lazy.
D.Bright.
答案:C　
答案:A　
3.What
did
Mr
Jenkins
regret
by
the
example
of
Graham?
A.He
didn’t
create
a
strong
bond
with
all
students.
B.He
didn’t
give
equal
opportunities
to
each
student.
C.He
didn’t
motivate
his
students
to
discuss
in
class
freely.
D.He
didn’t
encourage
his
students
to
build
their
confidence.
4.What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.Teaching
is
a
job
with
challenges
and
stress.
B.Teaching
is
to
prepare
students
for
their
future
life.
C.Teachers
should
have
great
effects
on
their
students.
D.Teachers
should
strengthen
their
communication
with
students.
答案:B　
答案:A　
Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.He
asked
me
where
I
　　　
　　(be)
during
the
summer
holidays.?
2.What　　　　　
Jane
　　　　　(do)
by
the
time
she
was
seven??
3.I　　　　　
(learn)
900
English
words
by
the
time
I
was
ten.?
4.She　　　　　(live)
here
for
a
few
years
before
she
moved
to
Beijing.?
5.By
the
time
my
parents
reached
home
yesterday,I　　　　　
(cook)
the
dinner
already.?
6.She
said
she　　　　　
(see)
the
principle
already.?
had
been
had
done　
had
learned
had
lived
had
cooked
had
seen
7.She
said
her
family　　　　　
(hide)
themselves
from
the
army
during
the
war.?
8.By
the
time
he
was
20
years
old,he　　　
　　
(complete)
the
university.?
9.She　　　　　
(write)
a
number
of
books
by
the
end
of
last
year.?
10.He　　　　　
(learn)
to
play
the
piano
before
he
was
11
years
old.?
had
hidden
had
completed
had
written　
had
learned
1.has
a
similar
personality/the
same
sense
of
humour
with
me和我有相似的性格/相同的幽默感(P6)
【词汇精讲】humour用作名词,意为“幽默感”,还可以表示“幽默;诙谐;脾气;情绪”。humour在美式英语中写为humor。
Her
humour
adds
salt
to
her
conversation.
她很幽默,谈起话来妙趣横生。
Every
man
has
his
humour.
各人有各人的幽默。
He’s
been
in
a
bad
humour
for
days.
好多天来,他的情绪一直不好。
【词汇拓展】
a
sense
of
humour幽默感
in
a
good/bad
humour心情好/坏
in
no
humour没心思
out
of
humour情绪不好
humorous
adj.幽默的;滑稽的
He
is
in
no
humour
for
supper.
他没心思吃晚饭。
Dad
is
always
in
a
good
humour
for
gardening.
爸爸干园艺活时,心情总是很好。
【微写作】
The
humour
was
so
humorous
that
the
audience
laughed
all
the
way
through
it.这个幽默真的很幽默,观众自始至终都在笑。
2.outgoing
外向的,好交际的(P6)
【词汇精讲】outgoing用作形容词,意为“外向的,好交际的”,还可以表示“即将离职的;出发的”。
He
is
an
outgoing
and
lively
person.
他是个性格开朗而又活泼的人。
She
is
the
outgoing
head
of
a
large
corporation.
她是一家大公司即将离职的负责人。
Any
outgoing
ray
path
must
be
coincident
with
that
of
the
returning
ray.
任何发出的射线与返回的射线路径必须完全相同。
3.My
mother
took
care
of
me
and
then
when
I
was
feeling
better
the
next
week,she
hosted
another
Christmas
dinner
just
so
I
could
enjoy
what
I
missed.我妈妈照顾我,然后当我下周感觉好点的时候,她又举办了一次圣诞晚餐,这样我就可以享受我错过的东西。(P104)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中host用作动词,意为“主办;……的东道主”。host还可以用作名词,意为“主人;主持人”。host作“东道主,主人”解时,与其相对的阴性名词是hostess。
Mr
Marce
will
host
the
reception
tonight.
马斯先生将主持今晚的招待会。
At
the
end
of
the
party,we
thanked
our
host
and
went
back
home.
宴会结束时,我们感谢了主人后便回家去了。
【微写作】
As
a
hostess,she
began
to
host
“Big
Bosses”
lunches,where
she
would
try
to
persuade
local
business
leaders
to
contribute
to
the
cause.作为东道主,她开始主持“大老板”午餐会,试图说服当地的商业领袖为这项事业做出贡献。
4.It’s
good
that
we
take
some
time
occasionally
to
remember
some
of
the
positive
things
in
life,don’t
you
agree?我们偶尔花些时间来记住生活中一些积极的事情,这很好,你同意吗?(P104)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中occasionally用作副词,意为“偶尔;偶然”。
Husband
and
wife
should
switch
roles
with
each
other
occasionally.
夫妻应该偶尔互换角色。
【词汇拓展】
occasion
n.场合;时机
on
occasion有时,偶尔
if
the
occasion
arises
(=if
the
occasion
should
arise)必要的时候
on
one
occasion曾经,有一次
on
several
occasions屡次,好几次
take/seize
the
occasion
to
do抓住……的时机,乘机……
occasional
adj.偶尔的
Sharing
bread,whether
during
a
special
occasion
or
at
the
family
dinner
table,is
a
common
symbol
of
reunion.
无论是在特殊的场合还是在家庭宴会的餐桌上,分享面包都是通用的团聚符号。
He
seized
the
occasion
to
invite
her
home
for
dinner.
他抓住机会邀请她到家里吃晚饭。
On
occasion
he
went
to
London
to
spend
the
weekend.
有时他去伦敦过周末。
【词语辨析】
occasion、situation、condition与case
(1)occasion指特定的“时机,场合”;situation往往指“情况,形势”;condition指某时某处事情发展、存在的状况、状态或条件;case常指事物的特定情况、事情的真相和始末,如“病例,案件”等。如:
All
the
people
involved
in
this
case
must
be
present.
所有与这起案件相关的人都必须到场。
The
current
international
situation
is
not
optimistic.
目前的国际形势不容乐观。
Living
conditions
have
improved
here
over
the
past
few
years.
这里的生活条件在过去几年已得到改善。
It
is
not
very
suitable
to
sing
such
a
song
on
this
formal
occasion.
在这种正式场合唱这样一首歌是不太合适的。
(2)occasion后面的定语从句多由when或on
which引导;situation、case后面的定语从句多由where或in
which引导。如:
There
are
occasions
when/on
which
one
must
give
in.
任何人都有不得不让步的时候。
In
the
study
of
modern
science,there’re
many
cases
where
soldiers
can
teach
officers.
学习现代科学知识,士兵可以教军官的情况很多。
Sometimes
you
are
in
a
situation
where
everything
goes
against
your
favour.
有时你会遇到什么都不顺的情况。
5.The
only
thing
I
can
remember
from
school
maths
is
that
the
angles
of
a
triangle
add
up
to
180
degrees!我唯一记得学校数学课的内容就是三角形的内角和是180度!(P8)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中add
up
to意为“合计达,总计达”。
How
much
does
the
bill
add
up
to?
账单加起来一共是多少?
【词汇拓展】
add
to使增强,使增加,使扩大
add
up把……加起来,相加;
合乎情理,有道理
add...to...把……加到……里
add
that...补充说……
This
lesson
adds
to
the
value
of
the
book.
这一课增加了这本书的价值。
He
wrote
down
the
weight
of
each
stone
and
then
added
up
all
the
weight.
他记下了每块石头的重量,然后再把这些重量加起来。
6.But
when
I
was
15
and
went
into
Mr
Jenkins’
class,I
really
became
interested
in
a
subject
for
the
first
time.但当我15岁进入詹金斯先生的课堂时,我第一次真正对一门学科产生了兴趣。(P8)
【词汇精讲】在本句中for
the
first
time意为“第一次”。
sb
do
sth
for
the
first
time某人第一次做某事
=It
is
the
first
time
for
sb
to
do
sth
=It/This/That
is
the
first
time
that
sb
have
done
sth
He
has
got
full
marks
in
the
English
exam
for
the
first
time.
他第一次在英语考试中得满分。
【词汇拓展】
in
time
迟早;最后;及时
on
time准时
all
the
time一直,始终
at
one
time曾经,一度
at
a
time每次,逐一
from
time
to
time有时,偶尔
in
no
time立刻,马上
at
times有时
The
car
came
to
a
stop
just
in
time
to
prevent
an
accident.
汽车及时停了下来,避免了一场事故。
We’ll
have
had
the
leak
fixed
in
no
time.
我们很快就会把漏洞修好的。
【技巧点拨】
in
time后可接for
sth/to
do
sth
的形式,意为“做某事及时/来得及”。
7.He
used
to
explain
things
which
seemed
difficult
with
lots
of
practical
examples
and
in
simple
language.他过去常常用大量的实例和简单的语言来解释那些似乎很难的事情。(P8)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中used
to意为“过去经常,曾经”。
When
I
was
a
kid,my
siblings
and
I
used
to
have
ice
cream
for
dessert.
在我孩提时,我和我的兄弟姐妹经常吃冰激凌当甜点。
【词汇拓展1】
be
used
to适应,习惯于……
be
used
to
do
sth被用来做某事
be
used
as...被用作……
(1)used
to“过去常常”,指的是过去的习惯性动作,目的在于与现在形成对照。其中to是不定式符号,后面跟动词原形。如:
I
used
to
go
fishing
every
Sunday.
我过去每周日都去钓鱼。
(2)be
used
to
do
sth“被用来做某事”,实际上是动词use的被动语态,to是不定式符号。如:
A
metal
bar
was
used
to
force
the
door
open.
用金属棒把门撬开了。
(3)be/get/become
used
to“习惯于”,to是介词,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。be
used
to表示状态,而get/become
used
to则表示由“不习惯”到“习惯于”的过程,意思是“(变得)习惯于,开始习惯于”。如:
Some
people
are
really
not
used
to
using
credit
cards.
有些人确实不习惯使用信用卡。
At
first
I
didn’t
know
how
to
do
it.By
and
by
I
have
got
used
to
it.
起初我不知道怎样做,但渐渐地我就习惯了。
(4)短语get/be
accustomed
to也可表示“习惯于”,其中to是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语。如:
This
is
not
the
kind
of
treatment
I
am
accustomed
to.
这不是我习惯受到的那种待遇。
【词汇精讲2】在本句中practical用作形容词,意为“实际的;实践的;切实可行的”。用于人则指其是注重实际的,或者具有实际工作能力的,也可指具体的或抽象的事物具有实用性。作“有实际经验的”解时,无比较级和最高级形式。
It’s
an
interesting
idea,but
there
are
many
practical
difficulties.
这是一个很有意思的想法,然而却存在着许多实际困难。
The
owner’s
brother
has
been
in
practical
control
of
the
firm
for
years.
该店主的弟弟实际控制该商行已有多年。
【词汇拓展2】
for
all
practical
purposes实际上,事实上
practise
v.练习,训练
practice
v.练习,训练　n.练习,习惯,惯例;实践
practise/practice
doing
sth练习做某事
impractical
adj.不切实际的;不实用的
【微写作】
It
was
a
practical
tradition.During
the
summer
vacation,I
practiced
hard
with
others
regardless
of
the
hot
weather.这是一个实用的传统。暑假期间,不管天气多热,我都和大家一起努力练习。
8.I
remember
that
he
let
me
pour
some
fuel
into
the
rocket,and
then
another
student
lit
a
match
to
set
it
off.我记得他让我往火箭里倒了一些燃料,然后另一个学生划着了一根火柴把它点燃。(P8)
【词汇精讲】在本句中pour用作动词,意为“倒;倾泻”。还可以表示“不断流动;蜂拥而来”。
Although
I
poured
it
carefully,I
spilt
some
of
the
oil.
虽然我倒油时很小心,但还是洒了一些。
She
watched
the
rain
pouring
down
the
windows.
她注视着顺着窗户往下淌的大雨。
The
shops
and
offices
pour
millions
of
workers
into
the
street
at
this
time
of
day.
一天的这段时间有数以百万计的工作者从商店和办公场所涌向街头。
【词汇拓展】
pour
down向下倾注;流下
pour
in大量地涌进来;倒入,使涌入
pour
into不断地或大量地流进或涌进
pour
out倒出;倾诉;倾吐
That
summer
a
torrential
rain
poured
down
for
two
days
and
nights.
那年夏天,一场暴雨下了两天两夜。
The
chimney
was
pouring
out
black
smoke.
烟囱里冒出滚滚黑烟。
9.The
problem
was
that
I
lacked
confidence
in
myself.问题是我对自己缺乏信心。(P8)
【词汇精讲】在本句中lack用作动词,意为“缺乏,不足”。lack还可以作名词,表示“缺乏;无”。
But
you
can’t
be
successful
when
there’s
a
lack
of
trust
in
a
relationship
that
results
from
an
action
where
the
wrongdoer
takes
no
responsibility
to
fix
the
mistake.
但如果出错的人不负责修正错误的话,那么一段关系中就会出现信任缺失,那么你就不会成功。
They
lacked
a
clear
understanding
of
the
problem.
他们对这个问题缺乏清楚的认识。
【词汇拓展】
lack
for
sth需要某物
lack
for
nothing一无所缺
be
lacking
in缺乏(品质、特点等)
for
lack
of因缺乏
have
no
lack
of不缺乏
be
short
of缺少
Many
small
plants
in
that
country
closed
down
for
lack
of
fuel.
由于燃料不足,那个国家很多小厂都关闭了。
Hilary
went
to
the
bank
because
she
was
short
of
money.
希拉里去银行取钱,因为她缺钱用。
10.The
first
day
he
walked
into
my
class,he
was
dragging
his
schoolbag
behind
him
and
looking
bored,but
as
soon
as
I
set
up
an
experiment
to
show
how
the
human
stomach
works
using
acid
and
an
onion,he
gave
me
his
full
attention.第一天,他走进我的教室,身后拖着书包,看起来很无聊。但是,当我开始做一个实验,展示人类的胃是如何利用酸和洋葱来工作的时候,他就全神贯注地听我讲了。(P9)
【词汇精讲】在本句中drag用作动词,意为“拖,拉”。还可以用作名词,意为“
拖;拉;累赘;阻力”。
He
dragged
the
heavy
case
across
the
floor.
他在地板上拖着那个沉重的箱子。
The
cat
is
really
excited
by
the
drag
of
the
basket
on
the
floor.
在地板上拖着篮子玩可着实让那只猫兴奋了一回。
【词汇拓展】
drag
down把……向下拖,使衰弱
drag
in插入讨论中
drag
on使拖延
drag
one’s
feet拖着脚走,迟缓误事,拖拉,不合作
drag
out使拖延,延长
drag
up把……拉扯大;重新提起;翻……的旧账
It’s
the
high
fever
that’s
been
dragging
him
down.
是这场高烧把他的身体拖垮的。
Let’s
not
drag
out
the
discussion—we
need
to
reach
a
decision.
别让这场讨论拖得太久,我们得作出决定。
【词语辨析】
drag、draw与pull
这三个词的共同意思是“拉,拖”。其区别是:
首先,draw和pull都指拉向施动者,而drag则指拖向另一地;其次,drag所拖之物一般较重,pull多为一时突然的动作,而draw则显得从容。例如:
He
drew
me
to
himself.
他把我拉到他身边。
He
dragged
the
piano
to
the
corner
of
the
room.
他使劲地把钢琴拖向房间的角落。
He
pulled
the
door
open
and
rushed
out.
他把门拉开,冲了出去。
11.The
thing
about
being
a
teacher
is
that
you
have
access
to
children’s
minds
when
they
are
open
and
eager
to
learn.作为一名教师,你可以在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时接触到他们的思想。(P9)
【词汇精讲】在本句中access用作名词,意为“进入;接触的机会,通道”;也可以用作动词,意为“进入”。access引申可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权利等”;access常与介词to连用。
This
is
the
only
means
of
access
to
the
building.
这是进入这栋楼的唯一方式。
People
in
that
mountain
area
had
no
access
to
education.
那个山区的人们过去没有受教育的机会。
An
error
occurred
when
we
tried
to
access
the
inventory
database.
当我们试图进入编目清单数据库时,出现了错误。
【词汇拓展】
be
easy/hard/difficult
of
access容易/难接近
give
access
to接见;
准许进入
have/gain/get/obtain
access
to...有/获得……
accessible
adj.可接近的;可进入的;可使用的
be
accessible
to
sb某人可接近/可进入/可使用
【技巧点拨】
sb
have/has
access
to
sth与sth
be
accessible
to
sb常可互换。如:
Books
in
our
school
library
are
accessible
to
students
as
well
as
teachers.
=Students
as
well
as
teachers
have
access
to
books
in
our
school
library.
老师和学生都有权使用我们学校图书馆里的书籍。
The
full
facts
of
the
case
are
accessible
to
only
a
few
people.
=Only
a
few
people
have
access
to
the
full
facts
of
the
case.
只有少数几个人能看到有关该案全部事实的材料。
12.If
what
I
do
as
a
teacher
can
help
turn
a
child
like
Graham
into
such
a
successful
adult,then
I
know
what
I’m
doing
is
worthwhile.如果我作为一名教师所做的可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成为一个成功的成年人,那么我知道我所做的是值得的。(P9)
【词汇精讲】在本句中worthwhile用作形容词,意为“值得做的;重要的;有益的”。worthwhile也可拼作worth
while(即分为两个单词),两者意思相同,有时还可拼作worth-while,后一种形式只用作定语。表示“很值得……”,要用well
worth/worthwhile。
Thank
you
for
making
my
visit
so
worthwhile.
感谢你们使我的访问如此有价值。
【词汇拓展】
it
is
worthwhile
to
do/doing
sth值得做某事
worth
adj.值得的
be
worth
doing
sth值得做某事
worthy
adj.值得的
be
worthy
of
sth值得……的
be
worthy
to
be
done/of
being
done值得被做
It
is
really
worthwhile
to
study
the
animals
in
Corbett.
在科比特研究动物真的很值得。
【词语辨析】
worthwhile、worth与worthy
(1)worthwhile值得的;值得做的。基本句式是it
is
worthwhile
doing/to
do
sth。如:
It
is
worthwhile
searching
for
his
roots.
有必要查查他的底细。
Don’t
you
think
it
is
worthwhile
continuing
with
the
project?
难道你不认为这项工程值得继续做吗?
(2)worth强调“某事值得做或表示物品的价值”,基本句式是sth
be
worth
sth或sth
be
worth
doing。如:
The
necklace
is
worth
500
francs
at
most.
这条项链最多值500法郎。
The
novel
is
worth
reading
a
second
time.
这部小说值得再看一遍。
(3)worthy强调“应该得到(尊重、信任、表彰等)”,不表示价值。基本句式是be
worthy
of
sth,be
worthy
to
be
done或be
worthy
of
being
done。如:
His
courage
is
worthy
of
high
praise.
他的勇气值得高度赞扬。
Their
efforts
are
worthy
of
being
supported
by
you.
=Their
efforts
are
worthy
to
be
supported
by
you.
他们的努力应得到你的支持。
(4)有时,相同的意思可以用以上三个词做出不同的表达。如:
The
place
of
interest
is
worth
a
visit.
=The
place
of
interest
is
worth
visiting.
=The
place
of
interest
is
worthy
to
be
visited.
=The
place
of
interest
is
worthy
of
a
visit.
=The
place
of
interest
is
worthy
of
being
visited.
=It
is
worthwhile
visiting
the
place
of
interest.
这处名胜值得参观。
重点句式
1.Sometimes
I
think,if
only
I
could
call
him
and
ask
for
his
opinion!有时我想,要是我能打电话问问他的意见就好了!(P8)
【句式剖析】本句中的if
only引导宾语从句,意为“要是……就好了;只要”,后面的从句常用虚拟语气。
Oh,if
only
I
could
stay
in
China
as
an
exchange
student!
哦,要是我能作为交换生留在中国该多好啊!
Look
at
the
trouble
I
am
in!If
only
I
had
followed
your
advice.
瞧我现在多窘迫!要是听了你的建议就好了。
【句式拓展】
(1)if
only引导的条件句,通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望,相当于as
long
as。它可以独立使用,用来表示由于客观条件限制,为某事不大可能或完全不可能实现而感到惋惜或遗憾的复杂心情,常用虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时had
done/had
been;表示与现在事实相反:从句用过去时did/were;表示与将来事实相反:从句用could/would/might/should
do结构。
If
only
I
were
a
Goodwill
Ambassador!
要是我是一个亲善大使就好了!
If
only
I
had
taken
your
advice!
我要是接受你的建议就好了!
If
only
I
should
come
to
your
party
tomorrow
evening!
明天晚上要是我能来参加你的聚会就好了!
(2)only
if引导的条件状语从句,是一个对“条件”限制更严的“限制性条件状语从句”,表示“只有……(才);只有在……的时候,唯一的条件是……”;与if引导的一般条件句相比,它有一种增强主句语势的作用。
I
wake
up
only
if
the
alarm
clock
rings.
只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。
2.Then
we
could
make
sure
that
we
found
the
path
to
success,both
at
school
and
in
later
life,for
all
of
them.然后我们可以确保我们找到了成功的道路,无论是在学校还是在以后的生活中,为他们所有人。(P9)
【句式剖析】本句中的path是名词,其后接介词to表示所属关系。the
path
to
success意为“成功的途径”。
【句式拓展】名词后用of表示所属关系是最常见的用法,但在某些特定的上下文中,主要是应一些名词的要求必须用to来表示所属关系。常见的这类名词有:key、answer、monument、note、exit、entrance、bridge、road、way、solution、visit等。
记忆口诀:
钥匙答案纪念碑,注释索引和附录。
出口入口桥与路,参观解决多用to。
The
key
to
keeping
the
peace
is
regular
and
honest
communication.
保持和平的关键是定期和诚实的沟通。
重点语法
过去完成时
一、
概念:
表示过去的过去,其构成是had
+过去分词
①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词
②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词
③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+had
否定回答:No,主语+had
not
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(had+主语+过去分词)?
二、
用法
1.表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。
He
had
gone
to
bed
by
10:00
last
night.
昨晚十点钟之前他已上床睡觉了。
2.与一般过去时搭配,表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。
The
train
had
started
when
I
got
to
the
station.
当我到达车站时火车已开走了。
The
minute
I
saw
a
lady
getting
off
the
bus,I
knew
it
was
she,for
I
had
seen
her
before.
我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她,因为我以前看见过她。
3.表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for
(后跟时间段)或since
(后跟时间点)等连用。
She
had
worked
in
this
school
since
it
opened
25
years
ago.
自从这所学校二十五年前开办以来,她一直在这里工作。
4.使用过去完成时在简单句里表达某一动作在过去的某一时刻已完成时,该过去的时刻常以“by
+过去时间”的短语来表达。
例如下面的说法是不正确的:
He
had
gone
to
bed
at
10:00
last
night.
若是要说“at
10:00
last
night”就必须用一般过去时“He
went
to
bed...”。
试比较下面的句子:
It
had
rained
yesterday.(误)
It
rained
yesterday.(正)
三、过去完成时常见句型
过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情,也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间,下面是过去完成时的常见句型:
1.“By
the
end
of
+名词(短语),主语
+
had
done...”
By
the
end
of
the
day,most
of
the
inhabitants
had
left
their
homes.
到这一天,大部分居民已离开了他们的家。
2.“主句(had
done),before
+
过去时间状语
”
They
had
never
seen
so
many
of
the
locusts
before.
他们以前从未见过如此多的蝗虫。
I
had
reached
the
station
before
six
o’clock.
六点之前我已到达车站。
3.用在told、said、knew、heard、thought等动词后的宾语从句中,表示动作发生在这些动词之前。
She
said
that
she
had
never
been
to
Paris.
她说她从未去过巴黎。
4.“By
the
time
+
从句(did/was/were),主语
+
had
done...”
By
the
time
we
arrived,everyone
had
received
medical
care.
我们到达时,每个人已接受了医疗护理。
5.“主语
+had
done...,before
从句(did/was/were)”
Fortunately,the
people
had
left
the
village
before
the
volcano
erupted.
幸运的是,火山喷发前人们已离开了村庄。
6.“主语
+had
done...,when
从句(did/was/were)”
They
had
already
put
the
fire
out
when
I
returned
to
the
village.
当我返回村子时,他们已将大火扑灭。
7.“主语
+
(did/was/were),after
从句(had
done)”
The
earthquake
happened
in
the
daytime,after
people
had
already
left
home
for
work
or
school.
地震发生在白天,当时人们已离开家去上班或上学。
8.用在“Hardly(Scarcely/Barely)...when...或No
sooner...than...”句型中
Hardly
had
I
got
home
when
the
rain
poured
down.
我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。
No
sooner
had
he
left
home
than
it
began
to
rain.
他一离开家天就开始下起雨来。
9.用在“It
/This/That
was
the
first...time
+
that
从句(had
done)”中
It
was
the
third
time
that
he
had
made
the
same
mistake.
这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。
10.用在“It
was/had
been
+
一段时间
+
since
从句(had
done)”中
It
was
ten
years
since
we
had
had
such
a
wonderful
time.
十年我们都没这么高兴了。
11.hope、plan、mean、expect、intend、suppose、want、think
等动词有时用过去完成时表示一个本来打算做而未做或曾经设想而未实现的事。
They
had
wanted
to
help
but
could
not
get
here
in
time.
他们本来想帮忙,但未及时赶到这儿。
I
had
thought
that
he
had
died
at
least
twenty
years
ago.
我原以为他至少死了二十年。
I
had
intended
to
come
over
to
see
you,but
was
prevented
from
doing
so.
我原打算过来看你,但受阻未成。
12.用于表示与过去事实相反的if
虚拟条件句中
If
she
had
seen
you
yesterday,she
would
have
told
you
the
truth.
如果她昨天见过你,她已告诉你事实的真相。
13.用在
wish
后的宾语从句中,表示与过去事实相反
I
wished
that
he
hadn’t
made
such
a
mistake.
我希望他从未犯过这样的错误。
四、过去完成时与其他时态的区别
过去完成时有特殊的语法规则,它与其他完成时有明显不同,不仅结构上不同,内容、含义上也不同。
1.过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,以现在的时间为基点,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为“助动词have
(has)
+
过去分词”;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,以过去时间为基点,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它。
比较:I
have
learned
1
000
English
words
so
far.
到目前为止我已经学会了1
000
个英语单词。
I
had
learned
1
000
English
words
till
then.
到那时为止我已经学会了1
000
个英语单词。
—I’m
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting.对不起,让你久等了。
—Oh,not
at
all.I
have
been
here
only
a
few
minutes.没什么,我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)
2.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但在使用时应注意以下几点:
(1)时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。
比较:They
had
arrived
at
the
station
by
ten
yesterday.他们昨天十点就到了车站。
They
arrived
at
the
station
at
ten
yesterday.他们昨天十点到达车站。
(2)在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:先发生的用过去完成时,后发生的则用一般过去时。
She
was
very
happy.Her
whole
family
were
pleased
with
her,too.She
had
just
won
the
first
prize
in
the
composition
competition.
她非常高兴。她的全家也对她很满意。她刚在作文比赛中获得一等奖。
(3)当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and
或but
连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外,在before、after、as
soon
as
引导的从句中,由于这些连接词本身已经表示出时间的先后,因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。
He
entered
the
room,turned
on
the
light
and
read
an
evening
paper.
他走进房间,打开灯,读了一份晚报。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The
girl　　　　　
(remind)
that
her
homework
had
not
been
handed
in.?
答案:was
reminded
2.He
did
what
he　　　　　
(tell)
to.?
答案:had
been
told
3.How
many
buildings　　　　　
(destroy)
when
the
earthquake
ended??
答案:had
been
destroyed
4.If
he　　　　　
(do)
otherwise,I
should
have
thought
him
a
bad
man.?
答案:had
done
5.She
turned
scarlet
from
embarrassment,once
she　　　　　
(realise)
what
she
had
done.?
答案:realised
Ⅱ.课文语篇填空
When
I
read
one
of
Graham’s
books
and
see
him
on
TV,I
am
proud
of
him.I
used
　1　
(teach)
him!I
remember
Graham
was
very
difficult
　2　I
taught
him.But
he
changed
　3　
(quick)
after
I
set
up
　4　experiment
to
show
how
the
human
stomach
works
　5　
(use)acid
and
an
onion.He
was
very
bright
but
lacked
　6　
(confident)in
himself.With
my
encouragement,he
had
done
very
well
in
science
subjects.How
I
wish
I
　7　
(do)
as
well
with
all
my
students
as
I
have
with
Graham.Teaching
is
a
　8　
(stress)job
but
I
love
what
I
do.As
a
teacher
I
can
help
turn
a
child
like
Graham
　9　a
successful
adult,and
I
know
what
I’m
doing
is
worthwhile.Education
is
not
preparation
for
life;education
is
life
　10　
(it).?
答案:1.to
teach　2.before　3.quickly　4.an　5.using　6.confidence　7.had
done　8.stressful　9.into　10.itself
Ⅲ.概要写作
根据P8课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Due
to
my
laziness,especially
in
maths,I
did
badly
in
most
school
subjects.I
found
the
words
of
science
all
so
boring
and
difficult.(要点1)Then
I
met
Mr
Jenkins.I
really
fell
in
love
with
a
subject
for
the
first
time.(要点2)I
became
interested
in
what
Mr
Jenkins
gave
in
class.He
used
lots
of
practical
examples
and
simple
language
to
explain
difficult
things.(要点3)He
tried
many
ways
to
encourage
me
to
build
confidence.(要点4)(共69张PPT)
Section
C　WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.innovation
n.　
　　　?
2.clarity
n.　
　　　?
3.fluency
n.　　　
　?
4.progression
n.　　
　　?
5.principle
n.　　　　
?
6.unmotivated
adj.　　　　
?
7.politics
n.　　
　　?
8.contrast
n.　　　　　　vt.　　　　　?
9.motivation
n.　　　　
?
革新,创新　
清楚,清晰　
流畅,熟练　
变化,发展　
原则;行为准则　
不积极的,不主动的　
政治,政治活动　
差异,差别　
形成对比　
动力,积极性　
10.　　　　　
n.邀请?
11.　　　　　
vt.组织,筹划?
12.　　　　　
n.代表……?
13.　　　　　
n.话题,题目?
14.　　　　　
n.选手,参赛者?
15.　　　　　
n.参与?
16.　　　　　
adv.真诚地,由衷地?
17.　　　　　
vt.属于?
18.　　　　　
n.赞许;同意?
19.　　　　　
vi.&
vt.保护,保卫?
invitation　
organise　
behalf
topic　
competitor　
engagement　
sincerely
belong　
approval　
defend
重点短语
1.　　
　　　代表某人?
2.　　　　　到目前为止,迄今为止?
3.　　　　　占据?
4.in
contrast
to　　
　　?
on
behalf
of
sb　
so
far　
take
up　
与……对比
重点句式
1.Peer
pressure
can
happen
when
we
are
influenced
to
do
something
that
we
would
not
usually
do
because
we
want
to
be
accepted
by
our
peers.
2.When
feeling
bad
or
stressed,introverts
look
inside
themselves
for
energy
and
motivation.
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P21课文,搭配段落大意。
1.Paragraph
1
　　　　?
2.Paragraph
2
　　　　?
3.Paragraph
3
　　　　?
4.Paragraph
4　　　　?
A.Ways
of
peer
pressure’s
influence.
B.Bullying
from
peer
pressure.
C.Definition
of
peer
pressure.
D.Solutions
to
peer
pressure.
答案:
CABD
B.根据P22-23课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.What
do
we
know
about
introverts
according
to
the
text?
A.Sociable.　　　　　　　B.Talkative.
C.Self-confident.
D.Reserved.
2.Why
do
extroverts
tend
to
go
shopping
when
feeling
bad?
A.They
like
to
act
first,
and
then
think
later.
B.They
enjoy
being
surrounded
by
people.
C.They
tend
to
speak
freely
before
analyzing.
D.They
prefer
to
spend
money
with
other
people.
答案:D　
答案:B　
3.What
do
introverts
typically
do?
A.Managers.
B.Teachers.
C.Inventors.
D.Politics.
4.What
can
we
safely
say
about
introverts
and
extroverts?
A.Both
of
them
are
made
not
born.
B.Introverts
lead
a
happier
life
than
extroverts.
C.Different
cultures
value
personalities
differently.
D.Neither
of
them
is
influenced
by
the
environment.
答案:C　
答案:C　
重点词汇
1.Imagine
you
are
going
to
organise
an
English
Drama
Competition
in
your
school
or
an
English
Poem
Recitation
in
your
class.想象一下,你将在学校组织一场英语戏剧比赛,或者在你的课堂上组织一场英语诗歌背诵课。(P18)
【词汇精讲】在本句中organise用作动词,意为“组织,筹划”,美式英语写成organize。
We
will
organise
wine
tasting
parties
for
you.
我们可以为你组织红酒品尝会。
I
need
to
organise
a
driver
for
tomorrow.
我得为明天(的活动)安排一个司机。
【词汇拓展】
organise
sb/sth
into
sth把……组成……
organised
adj.有组织的,系统的
organiser
n.组织者,安排者
organisation
n.组织;机构
We’ll
organise
some
students
into
the
basketball
team.
我们将组织一些学生参加篮球队。
They
have
established
a
student
organisation.
他们建立了一个学生组织。
2.I
am
writing
on
behalf
of
the
school’s
Student
Union.我代表学校学生会写信。(P18)
【词汇精讲】在本句中on
behalf
of意为“代表”。
On
behalf
of
my
colleagues
and
myself
I
thank
you.
我代表我的同事和我本人向你表示感谢。
They
worked
hard
all
their
lives
on
behalf
of
the
poor.
他们毕生为穷人的利益而辛劳。
3.Competitors
should
be
judged
on
their
pronunciation,clarity
and
fluency,and
also
progression
of
ideas
and
audience
engagement.评判标准应该是参赛者的发音、清晰度和流畅度,以及创意和观众参与度的进展情况。(P18)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中competitor用作名词,意为“选手,参赛者”,还可以意为“竞争者;对手”。
That
company
is
a
strong
competitor
of
us.
那个公司是我们强有力的竞争对手。
The
firm
has
better
products
than
its
competitors.
这家公司的产品比其对手的好。
【词汇拓展1】
compete
vi.比赛,竞争
compete
in参加……比赛
compete
for为争取……而竞争
compete
with/against
sb同某人竞争
competition
n.竞争
competitive
adj.竞争的,有竞争力的
It
would
never
win
a
prize
in
a
cooking
competition,but
it
was
surprisingly
edible,and
we
drank
up
every
last
drop
of
the
soup.
在烹饪比赛中它永远不可能得大奖,但这汤却好喝得难以置信,我们喝得一滴不剩。
China
has
to
compete
with
other
countries
for
the
world
market.
中国必须与其他国家竞争国际市场。
The
two
friends
competes
for
the
position
of
monitor.
那两位朋友在当班长一事上是竞争对手。
Life
in
the
USA
was
competitive
and
offered
endless
opportunities
as
well.
美国的生活竞争性很强,也提供无数的机会。
【词汇精讲2】在本句中progression用作名词,意为“变化,发展”。
What
China
is
going
through
is
natural
progression
for
the
economy.
中国正在经历的是经济的自然发展。
【词汇拓展2】
progress
n.进步;发展;前进　v.进步;发展;缓速前进;促进
in
progress进行中
progress
in/with在……方面取得进展
progress
to进入……
The
student
is
showing
rapid
progress
in
his
studies.
这个学生学习上进步很快。
He
continues
to
progress
in
his
studies.
他的学业继续取得进步。
Progressing
to
your
next
point,I
think
we
may
safely
forget
such
a
silly
idea.
倘若我们转入你的下一个论点,我想我们可能会把这样一个愚蠢的看法抛在脑后的。
【词汇精讲3】在本句中engagement用作名词,意为“参与”,还可以意为“
约会;约定;订婚;婚约;雇用;交战”。
I
have
numerous
engagements
for
next
year.
我明年有许多约会。
Their
engagement
was
announced
in
the
papers.
他们订婚的消息登报了。
【词汇拓展3】
engagement
for
……的约会
engagement
with
sb与某人的约会
engage
v.雇佣;与……交战;答应;订婚;预定;参加;从事
engaged
adj.忙碌的;已订婚的
engage
in参加;从事;忙于
be
engaged
to订婚
The
restaurant
decided
to
engage
a
pop
singer.
餐馆决定雇用一名流行歌手。
The
general
tried
to
avoid
an
engagement
with
the
enemy.
那位将军竭力避免与敌军交战。
I
have
no
time
to
engage
in
the
debate.
我没时间参加辩论。
4.We
would
not
take
up
too
much
of
your
time.我们不会占用你太多的时间。(P18)
【词汇精讲】在本句中take
up意为“占据(时间或空间)”,还可以意为“拿起;开始;从事;继续做”。
She
took
up
the
receiver
and
began
to
dial
the
number.
她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。
It
is
necessary
for
us
to
take
up
productive
labour.
我们需要从事生产劳动。
【词汇拓展】
take
over夺取;接管
take
over
to移交;遗留给
take
along随身带着
take
away带走,使离去
take
in接纳;收容;消化;吸收;理解;欺骗
take
off脱;去掉;起飞;(事业)蓬勃发展
take
out拿出,取出
take
after与……相像
take
on呈现;具有;担任(工作);承担(责任);雇用
take
back退回;收回;接回
take
to爱;喜欢;沉迷于
In
89
BC,the
Romans
took
over
Pompeii.
在公元前89年,罗马人占领了庞培城。
He
did
not
take
in
what
he
read
because
his
mind
was
on
something
else.
因为他心不在焉,所以不知道自己在读些什么。
5.We
all
want
to
be
part
of
a
group
and
feel
like
we
belong
to
our
community.我们都想成为一个团体的一员,并感到我们属于我们的社区。(P21)
【词汇精讲】在本句中belong
to意为“属于”。
A
recent
study
of
public
opinion
shows
that
in
modern
Britain
most
people
belong
to
middle
class.
一项最近的民意调查显示,在现代英国,大多数人都属于中产阶级。
Replace
anything
that
belongs
to
your
neighbour
that
you,
your
children,
or
your
pets
break
or
soil.
如果你、你的孩子或你的宠物把属于你邻居的任何东西损坏或弄脏,你要赔偿。
【词汇拓展】
(1)belong
to无进行时态。
My
brother
is
belonging
to
the
school
football
team
now.(误)
My
brother
belongs
to
the
school
football
team
now.(正)
我的弟弟现在是学校足球队的一员。
(2)belong
to无被动语态,也不用过去分词表示被动。
The
tiger
is
belonged
to
the
cat
family.(误)
The
tiger
belongs
to
the
cat
family.(正)
老虎属猫科动物。
(3)belong
to不接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。
The
diamond
necklace
belongs
to
mine.(误)
The
diamond
necklace
belongs
to
me.(正)
这条钻石项链是我的。
The
new
bicycle
belongs
to
my
sister’s.(误)
The
new
bicycle
belongs
to
my
sister.(正)
这辆新自行车是我妹妹的。
6.People
who
are
low
in
confidence
and
unsure
of
themselves
may
be
more
likely
to
seek
their
peers’
approval
by
going
along
with
risky
suggestions
or
choosing
the
“wrong”
path.那些缺乏自信和不自信的人更有可能通过采纳有风险的建议或选择“错误”的道路来寻求同伴的认可。(P21)
【词汇精讲】在本句中approval用作名词,意为“赞许;同意”,还可以意为“批准;认可”。
We
should
submit
our
plans
to
the
council
for
approval.
我们应该向理事会提交计划以求批准。
Your
approval
gives
me
much
gratification.
承蒙认可,我非常高兴。
【词汇拓展】
approve
v.批准;赞成;同意;称许
approve
of赞成,赞许;认可
disapprove
v.不赞成;不同意;不批准
Her
father
will
never
approve
of
her
marriage
to
Tom.
她的父亲决不会赞成她同汤姆结婚。
His
appointment
has
not
been
formally
approved
yet.
他的任命还没有得到正式批准。
7.Bullies
pick
easy
targets—people
who
are
outside
the
peer
group
and
whom
the
group
is
unlikely
to
defend.恶霸挑容易的目标——同龄群体外的人以及该团伙不太可能保护的人。(P21)
【词汇精讲】在本句中defend用作动词,意为“保护,保卫”,还可以意为“辩护”。
Some
players
are
better
at
defending.
有些运动员较擅长打防守。
He
undertook
to
defend
this
attitude.
他开始为这一态度辩护。
【词汇拓展】
defend...from/against...保护……使不受……,为……辩护
defend
oneself自卫
defence
n.防御;辩护;防务
in
defence
of为……辩护;防卫
in
one’s
defence为某人辩护
I
don’t
like
to
argue,but
in
defence
of
the
Venice
Film
Festival,I
have
to
point
out
that
we
don’t
just
have
Hollywood
films.
我不想争论,但是我得为威尼斯电影节说句话,我得指出的是我们有的不只是好莱坞影片。
8.In
contrast
to
extroverts,they
value
fewer,but
deeper
experiences.与外向的人相比,他们看重更少但更深刻的经历。(P22)
【词汇精讲】在本句中in
contrast
to意为“与……对比”。
In
contrast
to
his
usual
manner,Jackson
began
quietly,
in
an
almost
kind
voice.
杰克逊一反他往常的作风,平和地、用一种几乎是与人为善的声音开始讲话。
He
looks
healthier
in
contrast
to
his
former
self.
他与以前相比,显得更健康些。
【词汇拓展】
当无比较对象时,还可以写成in
contrast;
in还可以被by取代,构成by/in
contrast,意为“相反;相比之下”。
In
contrast,others
insist
on
reading
extensively.
与此相反,其他人坚持广泛阅读。
Mr
Caruso,by
contrast,looks
to
the
past.
相反,卡鲁索先生放眼过去。
contrast后面常接to,偶尔也接with,表示“对比或相反的东西”。
Black
is
a
contrast
to/with
white.
黑与白是对立的。
in
contrast
with和in
contrast
to的区别:两者均可以解释为“和……做对比”,但后者的用法较为普遍。
This
is
in
contrast
with
previous
policies.
这和先前的政策形成对比。
重点句式
1.Peer
pressure
can
happen
when
we
are
influenced
to
do
something
that
we
would
not
usually
do
because
we
want
to
be
accepted
by
our
peers.当我们被影响去做一些我们通常不会做的事情时,因为我们想要被我们的同伴接受,同辈压力就会发生。(P21)
【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中when引导一个时间状语从句;that引导定语从句;because引导原因状语从句。本句中引导定语从句的that不能被which所取代,因为先行词something为不定代词。先行词为all、everything、nothing、something、anything、little、few、much等不定代词时,定语从句只能由that引导。
All
is
not
gold
that
glitters./All
that
glitters
is
not
gold.
闪光的不一定是黄金。
【句式拓展】下列情形也只能用that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词被all、each、few、much、every、no、some、any等不定代词修饰时。
All
the
books
that
you
need
are
here.
你所需要的书都在这儿。
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
A
contented
mind
is
the
greatest
blessing(that)a
man
can
enjoy
in
this
world.
知足是人生在世最大的幸事。
(3)先行词既有人又有物时。
He
talked
about
the
teachers
and
schools
that
he
had
visited.
他谈到了他曾拜访过的老师和学校。
(4)主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时。
Who
is
the
man
that
is
speaking
over
there?
在那里说话的人是谁?
(5)先行词被the
only、the
very、the
last等修饰时。
The
only
thing
that
we
have
to
fear
is
fear
itself.
我们唯一不得不害怕的就是害怕本身。
(6)关系代词在从句中作表语时。
He
is
not
the
young
man
that
he
was
thirty
years
ago.
他已不是三十年前的那个年轻人了。
2.When
feeling
bad
or
stressed,introverts
look
inside
themselves
for
energy
and
motivation.感觉不好或有压力时,内向的人会从内心寻找能量和动力。(P22-23)
【句式剖析】句中when引导一个省略形式的时间状语从句,补充完整为When
they
are
feeling
bad
or
stressed。如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致,而且从句中含有be的某种形式时,可以把从句的主语和be一起省略。
I
paid
a
visit
to
the
Great
Wall
while
(I
was)
in
Beijing.
我在北京期间参观了长城。
【句式拓展】
(1)当状语从句的主语和谓语是it
is/was时,it
is/was常被省略。
You
may
turn
to
the
dictionary
when
(it
is)
necessary.
必要时你可以借助于字典。
(2)表示时间、条件、让步、方式等的状语从句中,如果从句的主语跟主句的主语一致,就可将从句省略成“连词+分词”形式。“连词
+
现在分词”表示主动;“连词
+
过去分词”表示被动。
While
(he
was)
waiting
there,
he
saw
two
pretty
girls
come
out
of
the
building.
在那里等待期间,他看见两个漂亮姑娘从大楼里走了出来。
I
will
not
attend
his
party
unless
(I
am)
invited.
如果没有被邀请,我不会参加他的聚会。
文化意识
Why
Relationships
Matter
Love
is
one
of
the
most
deep
emotions
known
to
human
beings.There
are
many
kinds
of
love,but
many
people
seek
its
expression
in
a
romantic
relationship
with
a
partner.
For
many,
romantic
relationships
consist
of
one
of
the
most
meaningful
aspects
of
life,providing
a
source
of
deep
fulfillment.The
need
for
human
connection
appears
to
be
born—but
the
ability
to
form
healthy,loving
relationships
is
learned.
Some
evidence
suggests
that
the
ability
to
form
a
stable
relationship
starts
to
form
in
infancy
(幼儿时期),in
a
child’s
earliest
experiences
with
a
caregiver
who
reliably
meets
the
infant’s
needs
for
food,care,warmth,protection,stimulation,and
social
contact.Such
relationships
are
not
destiny,but
they
are
theorised
to
establish
deeply
ingrained
patterns
of
relating
to
others.
Failed
relationships
happen
for
many
reasons,and
the
failure
of
a
relationship
is
often
a
source
of
great
psychological
anguish.Most
people
have
to
work
consciously
to
master
the
skills
necessary
to
make
relationships
endure
and
flourish.
高分写作
邀请信
一、审题定调
邀请信的内容主要包括邀请原因、活动地点和时间等,其特点是简短、热情,给人一种真诚、亲切的感觉。邀请信应使用第一人称,双方的名字都要写全名;一定要表达希望对方参加的诚意,同时也希望对方给予答复。
二、谋篇布局
本写作任务可以分成三个部分。
第一部分:引入话题(开门见山,直接说出邀请的目的);
第二部分:具体介绍(邀请项目的时间、地点、方式、注意点等);
第三部分:表达期待。
三、写作模板
Dear
　　　　　,?
①I’m
writing
to
invite
you
to
　　　　　(邀请内容).②　　　　　
(内容)
will
be
held
at/in
　　　　　(地点)
on
　　　　　(日期).③We
would
be
honoured
to
have
you
there
with
us.?
④The
occasion
will
start
at
　　　　　(具体时间).⑤This
will
be
followed
by
a
　　　　　(进一步的安排).⑥At
around
　　　　　(时间),　　　　　
(另一个安排).?
⑦We
would
appreciate
it
very
much
if
you
could
accept
our
invitation.I’m
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
四、组织语言
(1)I
am
very
pleased
to
invite
you
to
participate
in...我非常高兴地邀请您参加……
(2)It
is
my
pleasure/a
great
honour
to
invite
you
to...十分高兴/十分荣幸邀请您……
(3)Would
you
like
to
go
swimming
with
me
next
Sunday?下个星期天你可以和我一起去游泳吗?
(4)I
should
be
very
glad
if
you
would
come
to...如果您能来……我将非常高兴。
(5)It
would
be
an
honour
to
me
if
you
would
accept
our
invitation.如果您能接受我们的邀请,我将感到十分荣幸。
(6)I
hope
you’re
not
too
busy
to
come.我期望您能在百忙之中抽空光临。
(7)We
sincerely/faithfully
hope
you
can
attend...我们诚挚/真诚期待您能参加……
(8)We
look
forward
to
seeing
you.期待您的光临。
(9)Please
confirm
your
participation
at
your
earliest
convenience.请尽早回复。
(10)If
you
can’t
come,please
let
me
know.如果您不能来,请通知我。
假定你是李华,你所在城市的一家剧院将在本周末举办一场京剧演出,外教Charlie对此很感兴趣并向你询问相关事宜。请你用英语给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.简要介绍京剧;
2.邀请他前往观看。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:京剧
Peking
Opera;脸谱
facial
make-up;选段
selection
参考范文
Dear
Charlie,
I’m
more
than
pleased
to
know
that
you
are
fond
of
Peking
Opera.A
performance
of
Peking
Opera
will
be
put
on
in
a
theater
this
weekend.I’d
like
to
share
some
relevant
information
with
you.
Peking
Opera
has
a
long
history.Centered
in
Beijing,the
opera
has
many
types
of
facial
make-ups,referring
to
different
characters.Its
music
and
singing
are
unique
and
the
costumes
are
graceful,which
have
typical
Chinese
characteristics.I
believe
you
will
love
it.
As
the
poster
says,some
popular
selections
will
be
performed
this
weekend
and
some
famous
actors
will
show
a
visual
feast
to
the
audience.So
I
invite
you
to
go
to
the
theater
with
me,where
you
can
appreciate
the
performances.It
will
be
well
worth
watching.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
Ⅰ.概要写作
根据P21课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Peer
pressure
can
happen
when
we
want
to
be
accepted
by
our
peers.(要点1)Peer
pressure
can
affect
our
appearances
and
behaviours
because
we
don’t
want
to
be
different.(要点2)
Peer
pressure
definitely
plays
an
important
part
in
bullying.(要点3)
To
avoid
peer
pressure,we
students
should
build
up
self-confidence,surround
ourselves
with
positive
role
models
and
think
about
the
consequences
of
their
actions.(要点4)
Ⅱ.课文语篇填空
Different
people
have
different
personality
qualities.However,there
are
some
　1　
(share)
personality
qualities,one
of
　2　is
between
extroverts
and
introverts.　3　the
one
hand,extroverts
are
people
who
look
outwards.They
are
　4　
(friend),sociable,talkative,enthusiastic
and
self-confident.Typical
extrovert
jobs
　5　
(be)
in
politics,sales,teaching
and
management.Introverts,on
　6　other
hand,look
inwards.They
feel
more
comfortable
alone
and
enjoy
ideas
and
　7　
(think).Introverts
often
work
as
artists,writers,engineers
and
　8　
(invent).Some
people
say
that
extroverts
and
introverts
are
born
not
made.Others
believe
that
the
environment
is
more
important
in
shaping
　9　
(one)
personality.Studies
have
also
found
that
extroverts
have
　10　
(high)
happiness
levels
than
introverts.?
答案:1.shared　2.which　3.On　4.friendly　5.are　
6.the　7.thinking　8.inventors　9.one’s　10.higher(共111张PPT)
Section
B　LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.feedback
n.　　　
　?
2.highlight
vt.　　　　
?
3.tense
n.　　　　?
4.social
networking　　　　
?
5.socialise
vi.　　　
　?
6.laptop
n.　　　
　?
7.app
n.　　　　
?
8.dorm
n.　　　　
?
9.wired
adj.　　　
　?
10.distracted
adj.　　　　
?
反馈意见　
标出;突出显示　
时态
社交网络　
交友;交际;交往　
笔记本电脑,便携式电脑　
应用程序　
寝室,学生宿舍　
联网的;极其兴奋的　
心神不定的,精神无法集中的　　
11.million
n.　　　　?
12.obsess
vt.　　　　?
13.mate
n.　
　　　?
14.dominate
vi.&
vt.　　
　　?
15.deadline
n.　　
　　?
16.scroll
vi.　　　　?
17.inch
n.　　　　?
18.stimulation
n.　　　　?
19.intense
adj.　　　
　?
20.extraordinary
adj.　　
　　?
21.alcoholic
n.　　　
　　　adj.　　　　　?
22.booze
n.　　　　?
23.hard-wired
adj.　　
　　?
百万
使迷恋　
朋友,伙伴　
主宰,支配,控制　
截止日期,最后期限　
上下滚动　
英寸　
刺激　
紧张的,激烈的;剧烈的　
令人惊奇的,异乎寻常的
酗酒者,嗜酒成瘾者
　(含)酒精的　
酒　
硬件控制的;天生的　
24.　　　　　
vt.处理(难题);应付(局面)?
25.　　　　　
n.偏爱,偏好?
26.　　　　　
vt.使生气,使心烦意乱　adj.烦恼的,心烦意乱的?
27.　　　　　
adj.羞愧的;内疚的;惭愧的?
28.　　　　　
n.意图,目的;打算?
29.　　　　　
adj.要求严格的;费力的?
30.　　　　　
adj.有效的?
31.　　　　　
vt.提出,提起?
32.　　　　　
n.方式,方法?
33.　　　　　
adj.敏感的;善解人意的?
34.　　　　　
adv.持续不断地?
35.　　　　　
n.流动　vi.流,流动?
36.　　　　　
vt.与某人交往?
handle　
preference　
upset　
ashamed　
intention　
demanding　
effective
raise　
manner　
sensitive　
constantly　
flow　
associate　
　
37.　　　　　
adv.几乎不?
38.　　　　　
adj.含蓄的;内敛的?
39.　　　　　
n.现实;真实?
40.　　　　　
vi.&
vt.努力赢得　n.追逐,追赶?
41.　　　　　
adj.拼命的;绝望的?
42.　　　　　
adj.沮丧的,忧愁的?
43.　　　　　
vi.&
vt.推迟,延期?
44.　　　　　
vi.唠叨,喋喋不休?
45.　　　　　
vi.&
vt.弯腰;俯身?
46.　　　　　
adj.无理的?
47.　　　　　
vi.&
vt.抱怨;不满;发牢骚?
48.　
　　　　
n.约定;约会?
barely　
reserved　
reality　
chase　
desperate　
depressed　
delay　
chatter　
bend　
rude　
complain
appointment
重点短语
1.obsess
over　　　　　　　?
2.chatter
away　　　　　　　?
3.way
beyond　　　　　　　?
4.go
cold
turkey　　　
　　　　?
5.　　　　　　　　事实上?
6.　　　　　　　　追逐?
7.　　　　　　　　与某人交往?
对……担心　
喋喋不休　
远远超过
突然戒掉烟、酒、网瘾　
in
reality　
chase
after
associate
with
重点句式
1.According
to
research,over
two-thirds
of
young
people
find
it
easier
to
make
friends
online
than
it
is
“in
real
life”.
2.It’s
funny
that
my
friends
and
I
chatter
away
online
so
much,but
we
end
up
having
nothing
to
say
when
we
meet.
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P14-15文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.The
author
is
a
student
of
a
university.
2.The
author
never
feels
lonely
because
he
has
made
lots
of
friends
and
has
many
followers.
3.The
author
likes
downloading
videos
and
enjoys
them
from
beginning
to
end.
4.When
outing,the
author’s
sister
would
be
addicted
to
her
phone
without
looking
out
of
the
window.
5.The
author
hopes
to
give
up
his
phone,but
in
vain.
答案:
TFFTT
B.阅读P14-15文章,选出最佳选项。
1.When
does
the
author
live
without
checking
through
his
social
networking
apps?
A.In
a
shower.
B.On
the
way
to
school.
C.Having
a
coffee.
D.Having
a
sound
sleep.
2.What
can
we
know
about
the
author?
A.He
has
lots
of
friends
online.
B.He
is
a
reserved
person.
C.He
never
attend
parties.
D.He
never
feels
lonely.
答案:D　
答案:A　
3.What
does
the
author
spend
most
of
his
spare
time
doing?
A.Doing
homework.
B.Playing
sports.
C.Going
online.
D.Watching
TV.
4.What
is
polite
when
having
a
get-together
dinner
according
to
the
author?
A.Taking
a
call
too
long.
B.Bending
over
phones.
C.Having
a
face-to-face
talk.
D.Looking
out
of
the
window.
答案:C　
答案:C　
重点词汇
1.to
depend
on
personal
preference取决于个人喜好(P12)
【词汇精讲】preference用作名词,意为“偏爱,偏好”。还可以译为“喜爱物;优惠”。在preference引起的同位语从句中,谓语动词要用动词原形或should+动词原形。
It’s
entirely
a
matter
of
preference.
这完全是个见仁见智的问题。
What
is
your
preference,tea
or
coffee?
茶和咖啡,你更喜欢哪一样?
【词汇拓展】
have
a
preference
for偏爱……
have
a
preference
of
sth
to/over
another宁要某物而不要另一物
give
preference
to...给予……优惠/优待
show
preference
for显示偏好
in
preference
to而不是
prefer
v.更喜欢,偏爱
prefer
A
to
B与B相比,更喜欢A
prefer
to
do...rather
than
do...宁愿做……,而不愿做……
We’ll
give
preference
to
children
and
the
aged.
我们将给儿童和老人优待。
Parents
should
not
show
preference
for
any
one
of
their
children.
父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。
【微写作】
When
talking
about
my
reading
preference,I
think
I
prefer
science
books.说到我的阅读偏好,我想我更喜欢科学类图书。
2.to
get
upset感到心烦(P12)
【词汇精讲】upset用作形容词,意为“烦恼的,心烦意乱的”。后面可以跟about,表示“对……难过/失望”。还可以用作动词,意为“使生气,使心烦意乱”。也可以用作名词,意为“倾覆,难过,心烦意乱,(肠胃)不舒服”。
(1)upset用作及物动词,表示“打翻,使难过,使不舒服,打乱,搅乱”。如:
Do
you
know
what
upset
him
so
much?
你知道是什么让他如此难过吗?
By
avoiding
things
likely
to
upset
your
neighbours,you
can
enjoy
a
friendly
relationship
with
them.
通过避免做可能让邻居难受的事情,你可以和邻居友好相处。
(2)upset用作形容词,表示“翻倒的,难过的,不高兴的,(肠胃)不舒服的”。如:
Losing
the
necklace
borrowed
from
her
friend
made
her
upset.
她把从朋友那儿借来的项链弄丢了,这使她心烦意乱。
I
didn’t
have
a
good
sleep
last
night
with
an
upset
stomach.
我的肠胃不舒服,昨晚没睡好。
(3)upset用作名词,意为“倾覆,难过,心烦意乱,(肠胃)不舒服”。如:
The
evening
walk
was
a
time
to
shake
off
the
day’s
upsets
and
let
the
worry
tracks
in
my
head
go
to
white
noise.
傍晚的散步是去除一天的不安的一段时光,同时也让心头的烦恼一扫而光。
The
way
her
father
treated
her
gave
her
quite
an
upset.
她的父亲对待她的方式使她大为难过。
It
wasn’t
anything
serious.A
mild
stomach
upset.That’s
all.
没什么严重的,只是轻微的肠胃不适而已。
3.to
feel
hurt/ashamed/discouraged觉得受伤/惭愧/气馁(P12)
【词汇精讲】ashamed用作形容词,意为“羞愧的;内疚的;惭愧的”。
He
is
ashamed
for
his
former
dishonourable
action.
他对他以前不光彩的行为感到羞愧。
He
was
ashamed
that
he
had
lied.
他很惭愧他说了谎。
She
seemed
ashamed,and
turned
away
as
we
went
by.
她似乎很羞愧,所以在我们走过的时候,她把头扭过去了。
【词汇拓展】
be/feel
ashamed
of
(doing)
sth对(做)某事感到羞耻
be/feel
ashamed
of
oneself
for
doing
sth因为做某事而感到羞耻/羞愧
be
ashamed
to
do
sth以做某事为耻;羞于做某事
shame
n.羞耻;羞愧;惭愧;令人惋惜的事;让人遗憾的事(=pity)
in
shame羞愧地
to
one’s
shame使某人惭愧的是
It’s
a
shame
(that)...令人遗憾的是……
What
a
shame!真遗憾!
真可惜!
真可耻!
shameful
adj.可耻的,丢脸的
The
boys
hung
their
head
in
shame.
男孩子们羞愧得低着头。
4.But
I
do
understand
my
teacher’s
intention.但我确实理解老师的意图。(P105)
【词汇精讲】在本句中intention用作名词,意为“意图,目的;打算”。
I
held
back
not
knowing
his
real
intention.
我有点犹豫不定,不知道他的真正意图是什么。
What
do
you
think
was
the
author’s
intention
in
this
passage?
你认为作者写这一篇文章的用意是什么?
【词汇拓展】
with
the
intention
of
(doing)
sth带着(做)某事的目的
intend
vt.想要,打算;为特殊目的而设计
intend
to
do
sth/intend
doing
sth打算做某事
intend
to
have
done
sth/had
intended
to
do
sth原本想做某事
intend
sb
to
do
sth打算要某人做某事
be
intended
for...为……打算/设计
【微写作】
The
rich
man
went
abroad
with
the
intention
of
trying
his
fortune,while
the
poor
man
intended
to
learn
some
skills
of
earning
money.富人出国是想碰碰运气,而穷人则是想学点赚钱的本领。
5.She
is
very
strict
and
demanding
because
she
wants
us
to
be
better
learners.她非常严格,要求很高,因为她想让我们成为更好的学习者。(P105)
【词汇精讲】在本句中demanding用作形容词,意为“要求严格的;
要求多的;费力的;吃力的”。
Teaching
is
a
demanding
profession.
教学是个要求很高的工作。
Certainly
I
can
agree
with
you
that
such
duty
is
both
dangerous
and
demanding.
我当然能同意你的看法,这种工作既危险,要求又严格。
【词汇拓展】
demand
n.要求,请求　v.要求,请求
demand
sth
from/of
sb向某人要求某物
demand
that...要求……,请求……(虚拟语气)
demand
to
do
sth要求做某事
sth
demand
doing=sth
demand
to
be
done某事(物)需要被……
in
great
demand非常需要的
meet/satisfy
the
demand
of...满足……的要求
(1)demand
vt.需要,强烈要求。主要用法有:①demand
sth;②demand
to
do
sth;③demand+that从句。注意:不能说demand
sb
to
do
sth。如:
The
workers
demanded
changes
of
the
rule.
工人们要求改变这项规章制度。
He
demanded
to
be
told
everything
about
the
accident.
他要求知道事故的所有情况。
(2)demand后跟that引导的宾语从句时,从句谓语用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,should可省略。如:
The
students
demanded
that
the
library
(should)
be
open
at
weekends.
学生们要求图书馆周末开放。
6.It
also
gives
us
an
opportunity
to
raise
further
questions
about
anything
we
don’t
understand.这也给我们提供了一个机会,对任何我们不理解的东西提出进一步的问题。(P105)
【词汇精讲】在本句中raise用作动词,意为“提出,提起”。还可以意为“
升起;举起;饲养;筹集,募集”。
The
first
thing
that
we
did
when
we
conquered
the
town
was
to
haul
down
the
enemy’s
flag
and
raise
our
own.
我们占领这座城市后所做的第一件事就是降下敌人的旗帜,升起我们自己的旗帜。
Many
western
countries
raise
and
butcher
a
large
number
of
beef
cattle.
许多西方国家饲养并屠宰大量的肉牛。
The
new
project
raised
angry
protests
from
local
residents.
新的工程引起了当地居民的愤怒抗议。
【词语辨析】
arise、raise与rise
(1)arise表示“出现,产生”,一般指不好的事情,比如危险出现、不好的后果产生等。注意:arise为不及物动词,不能用于被动语态。如:
A
new
difficulty
has
arisen.
出现了新的困难。
These
are
the
problems
arising
out
of
the
lack
of
communication.
这是因为缺乏交流而出现的这些问题。
(2)raise为及物动词,意为“举起,提起,抬高,养育,饲养”等,强调主语发出的动作是要作用于其宾语的。常见的搭配有:raise
a
subject
提出一个问题;raise
one’s
voice
提高嗓门;raise
a
family
养家糊口;raise
money=collect
money
筹款;raise
chicken/fish
养鸡/养鱼。如:
They
raise
glasses
to
the
friendship
between
the
two
countries.
他们举杯为两国之间的友谊干杯。
Young
pigeons
have
been
raised
for
centuries
for
food.
饲养乳鸽作为食物已有几百年的历史。
(3)rise是不及物动词,表示“上升,升高”,其主语可以是抽象名词或具体名词,常用于日、月、星辰以及烟、云、水蒸气、气温、物价、水位等,说明主语自身移向较高的位置。注意:rise是不及物动词,不能跟宾语,也不能用于被动语态。如:
The
sun
was
rising
when
we
got
to
the
top
of
the
mountain.
太阳出来时我们来到了山顶。
Soon
steam
can
be
seen
rising
from
the
wet
clothes.
很快就看见水蒸气从湿衣服里冒出来。
7.I
can
agree
with
you
about
that,but
to
be
more
helpful,if
we
need
to
give
negative
feedback,we
should
do
it
in
a
less
direct
manner,especially
to
those
who
are
shy
or
sensitive.我同意你的看法,但是为了更有帮助,如果我们需要给予负面的反馈,我们应该用一种不那么直接的方式,尤其是对那些害羞或敏感的人。(P106)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中manner用作名词,意为“方式,方法”。还可以意为“礼貌;态度”,manners当“礼貌”讲时,常用复数形式;当“方式,方法”讲时,常视作单数形式。
The
Swiss
follow
formal
table
manners.
瑞士人遵循正式的餐桌礼仪。
I
can’t
stand
you
speaking
to
your
mother
in
a
rude
manner.You
must
apologise
to
her
immediately.
我不能忍受你用粗鲁的方式跟你的母亲说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。
【词汇拓展1】
in
the
manner
of...用……的方式
in
a...manner以……的方式
good
manners
有礼貌
bad
manners没礼貌
it’s
good/bad
manners
to
do
sth做某事是有/无礼貌的
【词汇精讲2】在本句中sensitive用作形容词,意为“敏感的;善解人意的”。
Don’t
be
so
sensitive
and
I
was
not
criticising
you.
别那么敏感,我不是在批评你。
I
have
a
helpful
and
sensitive
friend.
我有一位乐于助人、善解人意的朋友。
【词汇拓展2】
sense
vt.感觉到;检测　n.感觉,功能;观念
make
sense有道理,合乎情理,明智
there
is
no/little
sense/point
(in)
doing
sth做某事没有意义/没有多大意义
come
to
one’s
senses醒过来
lose
one’s
senses失去理智;
糊涂了;
发疯
in
a
sense在某种意义上
in
every
sense在各种意义上
in
no
sense决不
a
sense
of
direction
/humour
/duty
/responsibility方向感/幽默感/职责感/责任感
in
broad/narrow
sense广义上/狭义上
senseless
adj.毫无意义的
sensible
adj.明智的;可感觉到的
【微写作】
Only
if
you
put
the
sun
there
did
the
movements
of
the
other
planets
in
the
sky
make
sense.只有当你把太阳放在那里,天空中其他行星的运动才有意义。
8.I
have
a
never-ending
flow
of
messages
and
updates
from
all
the
people
I
associate
with
online.我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。(P14)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中flow用作名词,意为“流动;涨潮;流;流量”。还可以用作不及物动词,意为“流动;涌出;飘动;流畅”;用作及物动词意为“淹没”。flow的基本意思是指如液体流动般地运动,可以是大量地,也可以是少量地;可以是缓慢地,也可以是急速地。强调持续不断。可用于液体、车流、电流、语流等。flow还可表示“垂”或“飘拂”。
The
government
is
trying
to
stop
the
increasing
flow
of
refugees
entering
the
country.
政府正在设法阻止越来越多的难民流入本国。
She
lost
control
and
the
tears
began
to
flow.
她忍不住泪如泉涌。
The
low
grounds
along
the
river
are
annually
flowed.
沿河的低洼地每年都要受淹。
【词汇拓展1】
flow
away流走
flow
from从……流走
flow
in流入
flow
out流出
flow
over溢出;横流
flow
to流向
flow
with被……淹过;富有……
【词汇精讲2】在本句中associate用作动词,意为“联想,联系”,还可以用作形容词,意为“非正式的,副职的”,用作名词时,意为“(尤指工作中的)伙伴”。associate
with意为“与某人交往/合伙/结交”。
We
should
associate
ourselves
with
this
large
firm.
我们应支持这家大公司。
Mr
Miller
is
a
business
associate
of
our
company.
米勒先生是我们公司的生意伙伴。
He
is
an
associate
editor
of
the
newspaper.
他是报纸的副主编。
【词汇拓展2】
associate
A
with
B
将A
与B
联系起来
be
associated
with...与……有关联
business
associate生意伙伴
association
n.联想,联合,社团
in
association
with...与……有关联
【温馨提示】表示“有联系,结合”的常见表达还有:
combine
A
with
B将A与B
结合起来
bond
with
sb与某人建立关系
connect
A
to
B将A与B
连接起来
be
linked
to/with与……有关系
9.I’m
way
beyond
a
shy
or
reserved
person,but
I’m
wired
up
every
day,like
most
of
my
friends.我不是一个害羞或内向的人,但我每天都在网上,就像我的大多数朋友一样。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中reserved用作形容词,意为“含蓄的;内敛的”,还可以意为“保留的;预订的”。
These
seats
are
reserved
for
special
guests.
这些座位是留给贵宾的。
She
is
not
usually
so
reserved.
她通常不如此缄默。
【词汇拓展】
reserve
vt.&
n.预订,预约;保留;储备;(动植物)保护区
reserve
sth
for
(sb/sth)
为(某人/某物)预订/预约(座位、房间等)
reserve
the
right拥有权力
in
reserve
储备;备用
reservation
n.保留意见;疑惑;(旅馆、房间等的)预订,预约
make
reservations/a
reservation
预定,预约
without
reservation毫无保留地
10.They
say
that
phones
bring
people
closer
together
but
in
reality,my
mind
is
always
a
million
miles
away.他们说手机拉近了人与人之间的距离,但实际上,我的思维总是在千里之外。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中reality用作名词,意为“现实;真实”,还可以意为“事实,现实(的事物)”。
He
describes
the
scene
with
startling
reality.
他对那景象的描述逼真得令人惊讶。
I
try
to
convince
him
of
the
reality
of
the
danger.
我试图使他相信危险的确存在。
This
is
just
the
bitter
reality
of
wars
in
Iraq.
这就是伊拉克战争的惨痛现实。
【词汇拓展】
in
reality事实上,实际上
come
into
reality实现
real
adj.真实的,现实的
really
adv.真实地,现实地
realistic
adj.现实的;现实主义的
realise
vt.实现;意识到,了解
He
seems
self-confident,but
in
reality
he
is
very
shy.
他看上去很自信,但实际上他很腼腆。
I
didn’t
realise
how
late
it
was
when
we
were
playing.
我没有意识到当我们弹奏时天多么晚了。
11.I
obsess
over
exactly
how
many
followers
I
have
on
my
account,but
I
can’t
remember
the
birthdays
of
some
of
my
oldest
mates.我很在意我的账户上到底有多少粉丝,但我不记得一些最年长的朋友的生日了。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中obsess用作动词,意为“着迷;困扰”。obsess
over意为“对……在意/担心”。
Entrepreneurs
must
know
their
competition,but
not
obsess
over
it.
企业家必须了解他们所面临的竞争情况,但是也不必担心。
The
fear
of
death
obsessed
her
throughout
her
old
age.
她晚年一直受死亡恐惧的困扰。
For
many
people,it’s
easy
to
obsess
over
minor
issues.
很多人很容易被细小的问题所困扰。
12.My
friends
try
to
drag
me
away
from
my
phone,but
as
soon
as
I’m
alone
again,I’m
desperate
to
get
back
to
the
online
world
and
the
intense
activity
that
it
provides.我的朋友们试着把我从手机旁拽开,但只要我再次独自一人,我就迫不及待地想回到网络世界,回到手机所提供的紧张活动中去。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中desperate用作形容词,意为“拼命的;绝望的”,还可以意为“不顾一切的;很渴望的”。与hopeless相比,desperate的语气要轻些。
The
situation
was
desperate
but
not
hopeless.
这种情形令人绝望,但也不是全无希望。
【词汇拓展】
be
desperate
to
do
sth很想做某事
be
desperate
for
sth渴望某物
desperately
adv.绝望地;极度地
desperation
n.不顾一切;绝望
As
Mrs
Totten
made
her
way
from
the
beginning
of
the
class,I
desperately
tried
to
determine
which
maths
problem
I
would
get.
当托顿夫人从教室前面往后走的时候,我急切地想要确定我会回答哪道数学题。
13.I
constantly
feel
depressed,dissatisfied
and
alone.我经常感到沮丧、不满和孤独。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中depressed用作形容词,意为“沮丧的,忧愁的”,还可以意为“降低的;不景气的;萧条的”。
The
thought
of
having
to
take
the
exam
again
depressed
me.
想到还需重新考试,我就感到沮丧。
We
were
all
depressed
by
the
dismal
weather.
阴沉的天气让我们都感到压抑。
The
market
is
rather
depressed
at
the
moment.
目前的市场相当萧条。
【词汇拓展】
depress
vt.使沮丧;压下;使萧条;降低;压抑
depressing
adj.令人沮丧的
depressive
adj.抑郁的
depression
n.沮丧;萧条
14.Since
I
spend
so
much
time
socialising
online,I
keep
delaying
things
that
are
important
in
my
real
life:homework,tasks,connecting
with
my
friends
and
family
members
in
a
meaningful
way.因为我花了太多的时间在网上社交,我总是推迟那些在我的现实生活中很重要的事情:家庭作业,任务,用一种有意义的方式与我的朋友和家人联系。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中delay用作动词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语;delay
doing
sth“推迟做某事”。
I’m
terribly
sorry
for
having
delayed
answering
your
letter.
非常抱歉,你的来信回复迟了。
We
decided
to
delay
our
holiday
until
next
month.
我们决定将休假延至下个月。
The
weather
is
responsible
for
the
delay.
由于天气关系耽搁了。
It
was
considerate
of
Michael
to
inform
us
of
his
delay
in
case
we
got
worried.
迈克尔通知我们他要晚点到,以免我们担心,真是考虑周到。
【词汇拓展】
delay
doing
sth
耽误做某事
be
delayed
by...因……而延误
without
delay赶快,立刻
15.It’s
funny
that
my
friends
and
I
chatter
away
online
so
much,but
we
end
up
having
nothing
to
say
when
we
meet.有趣的是,我和我的朋友经常在网上畅聊,但我们见面时却无话可说。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中chatter用作不及物动词,意为“唠叨,喋喋不休”;还可以用作不可数名词,意为“鸣叫声,啼啭声;吱吱声,吱吱叫声”;chatter
away“喋喋不休”。
Do
stop
chattering
on
about
the
weather
when
I’m
trying
to
read.
别再没完没了地唠叨天气了,我要看书了。
The
chatter
of
sparrows
annoyed
her.
麻雀的啁啾声使她厌烦。
16.Some
spent
the
dinner
bent
over
their
phones,texting
friends
online
but
ignoring
the
ones
who
sat
right
in
front
of
them.一些人在晚餐时弯着腰玩手机,给网上的朋友发短信,却忽略了坐在他们正前方的人。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中bent用作形容词,意为“弯腰的;弯曲的”。其动词形式为bend,意为“弯腰;俯身”。
The
trees
were
all
bent
and
twisted
from
the
wind.
那些树全都被风吹得东倒西歪的。
The
branch
bent
but
didn’t
break
when
the
boy
climbed
along
it.
那男孩爬上树枝时,树枝弯曲了,但是没有折断。
【词汇拓展】
bend
over弯腰,俯身
be
bent
on
doing
sth一心想要做某事;决心要做某事
bend
one’s
mind
to
sth专心于某事
bend
(sb)
to
sth迫使/说服(某人)做某事
决定/决心做某事的表达还有:decide
to
do
sth;make
a
decision
to
do
sth;make
one’s
mind
to
do
sth;determine
to
do
sth;be
determined
to
do
sth。
He
bent
over
and
picked
up
a
silver
coin.
他弯腰拾起一枚银币。
Pip
is
bent
on
becoming
a
gentleman
and
winning
Estella’s
love.
皮普一心要成为一位绅士,赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。
17.On
a
family
holiday
last
summer,my
sister
spent
all
her
time
complaining
that
she
needed
to
charge
her
phone.去年夏天的一次家庭度假中,我姐姐一直在抱怨她需要给手机充电。(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中complain用作动词,意为“抱怨;不满;发牢骚”。
The
tourist
complained
that
the
room
was
too
dirty.
游客抱怨说房间太脏了。
【词汇拓展】
complain
(to
sb)
about/of
sth/that...(向某人)抱怨……
complain
of
sth诉说(病痛等)
complaint
n.抱怨;投诉
make
a
complaint
against/about...对……进行投诉
She
complained
to
me
about
his
rudeness.
她向我抱怨他的粗鲁。
18.I
can’t
even
imagine
going
without
social
networking
for
a
week—think
of
all
the
important
appointments,invitations
and
news
updates
you
would
miss!我甚至不能想象一周没有社交网络会怎样——想到你会错过所有重要的约会、邀请和新闻更新!(P15)
【词汇精讲】在本句中appointment用作名词,意为“约定;约会;任命;委任”。
He
wants
to
change
his
appointment
from
Monday
to
Wednesday.
他想把他的约会从星期一改到星期三。
【词汇拓展】
have
an
appointment
with
sb与某人有个约会
by
appointment通过预约
take
up
an
appointment就职;上任
appoint
vt.任命,委任;指定(时间、地点)
the
appointed
time指定的/约定的时间
appoint
sb
as
/to
be+职位
表示“任命某人”,职位前不用冠词。
The
president
has
appointed
a
civilian
as
defence
secretary.
总统任命了一位平民做国防部长。
【微写作】
He
has
just
been
appointed
as
Export
Manager
for
the
company.He
will
have
an
appointment
with
his
first
foreign
customers
tonight.他刚被任命为公司的出口经理。他今晚将和他的第一批外国顾客有个约会。
重点句式
1.According
to
research,over
two-thirds
of
young
people
find
it
easier
to
make
friends
online
than
it
is
“in
real
life”.根据一项调查,超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交友比在“现实生活”中更容易。(P14-15)
【句式剖析】句中over
two-thirds
of
young
people作主语。
About
one-third
of
the
books
are
well
worth
reading.
大约三分之一的书很值得一读。
【句式拓展】
(1)分子基数词,分母序数词;分子大于1,分母加“s”,分母若是2和4,half,quarter可代替。
Only
one-fifth
of
air
consists
of
oxygen.
氧气只占空气的五分之一。
(2)分数还可用...out
of...或...in...来表示。
About
two
out
of
three
students
attended
the
meeting.
大约三分之二的学生参加了会议。
(3)在口语中,a
third
/a
half
/a
quarter
/a
fourth比one-third
/one
half
/one
quarter
/one
fourth常见。
However,the
number
of
boys
will
be
a
third
or
less
than
that
of
the
girls
in
the
class.
但是,班里男生的人数将比女生少三分之一或更少。
(4)分数/百分数+of,谓语动词常与of后的名词在数上保持一致。
About
seven-tenths
of
the
earth
is
covered
by
the
ocean.
大约地球的十分之七被海洋覆盖。
2.It’s
funny
that
my
friends
and
I
chatter
away
online
so
much,but
we
end
up
having
nothing
to
say
when
we
meet.有趣的是,我和我的朋友经常在网上畅聊,但我们见面时却无话可说。(P15)
【句式剖析】句子中用it作形式主语,将that引导的真正的主语从句置于后面,构成句型:It+be+adj.+that从句。
It
is
obvious
that
she
doesn’t
like
the
play.
很明显,她不喜欢这出戏。
【句式拓展】
It+be+形容词+that从句
(1)常用于该句型的形容词有:funny、true、clear、obvious、remarkable(值得注意的)、probable、possible、interesting、certain、(un)likely、astonishing、doubtful、essential、necessary、important、better、surprising、desirable、impossible、strange、natural、advisable等。
It
is
certain
that
we
will
pass
the
exam.
我们一定会通过考试的。
注意:当形容词为essential、necessary、important、better、surprising、desirable、impossible、strange、natural、advisable等时,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,that从句要用虚拟语气,其谓语用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。
It
is
necessary
that
we
(should)
clean
the
room
every
day.
我们每天打扫房间是有必要的。
(2)It+be+名词(短语)+that从句
常用于该句型的名词(短语)有:duty、a
fact、a
good
thing、good
news、an
honour、no
surprise、a
pity、a
shame等。注意a
pity、a
shame后面的that从句有时要用虚拟语气,其谓语为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略,表示惊讶、遗憾等。
It
is
a
pity
that
you
(should)
be
so
careless.
你这么粗心,真可惜。
(3)It+be+过去分词+that从句
常用于该句型的过去分词有:一坚持(insist);二命令(order,command);四建议(suggest,advise,recommend,propose);五要求(demand,require,request,desire,ask)等,that从句要用虚拟语气,其谓语为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略,表示建议、命令等。
It
will
be
suggested
that
she
(should)
finish
her
homework
first.
有人建议她先完成家庭作业。
(4)It+不及物动词(短语)+从句
常用于该句型的不及物动词(短语)有:seem、appear、happen、matter、turn
out等。
It
doesn’t
matter
which
of
the
questions
is
to
be
discussed
first.
哪一个问题先讨论并不重要。
Ⅰ.选择方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
extraordinary,chatter
away,depress,desperate,bend
over,chase
after,
delay,
obsess
over,
appoint,
rude
1.When
he
got
a
job,he
　　　　　being
out
of
work
because
he
didn’t
have
a
passbook.?
答案:obsessed
over
2.I
have
an
　　　　　with
the
manager
of
that
company
in
the
evening.?
答案:appointment
3.He
has
no
pride
if
he
lets
the
children
talk
to
him
so
　　　　　.?
答案:rudely
4.Seeing
such
a(n)　　　　　
beauty,
I
think
every
cell
in
my
body
woke
up.?
答案:extraordinary
5.They
were
friends,
and
they　　　　　
gladly.It
was
a
quarter
past
twelve
when
they
remembered
the
time.?
答案:chattered
away
6.Mother
had
to　　　　　
to
pick
up
the
child.?
答案:bend
over
7.Owing
to
the
bad
weather,this
morning’s
flight
will
be　　　　　.?
答案:delayed
8.It
made
people
laugh
at
a
time
when
they
felt
　　　　　,
so
they
could
feel
more
content
with
their
lives.?
答案:depressed
9.The
man
in
the
river　　　　　tried
to
reach
the
side.?
答案:desperately
10.The
police
had　　　　　
Jack
for
three
days.?
答案:chased
after
Ⅱ.选词填空
1.arise,
rise,
raise
This
is
a
problem　　　　　
out
of
the
lack
of
communication.?
The
book　　　　　
many
important
issues
for
our
consideration.?
The
river　　　　　
by
several
metres
so
far.?
答案:arising;raises;has
risen
2.in
a
sense,
in
no
sense
I
agree
with
you
　　　　　,but
love
of
fame
is
universal.?
　　　　are
people
allowed
to
hunt
wild
animals
for
their
meat.?
答案:in
a
sense;In
no
sense
3.flow
out,
flow
to
All
rivers　　　　　
the
sea.?
Blood
suddenly
started　　　　　.?
答案:flow
to;flowing
out/to
flow
out
4.in
reserve,
without
reservation
It
is
advisable
to
keep
a
little
food
　　　　　in
case
of
emergency.?
They
accepted
the
plan　　　　　.?
答案:in
reserve;without
reservation
5.in
shame,
to
one’s
shame
　　　,
I
forgot
his
birthday.?
Bad
children
will
be
stood
in
the
corner　　　　　.?
答案:To
my
shame;in
shameUNIT
1
RELATIONSHIPS
Section
A　TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.One
reason
why
people
like
him
is
that
he
has
a
sense
of
　　　　　(幽默)
and
can
take
a
joke
at
his
own
expense.?
答案humour
2.As
an　　　　　
(外向的)
girl,I
get
along
well
with
my
classmates.?
答案outgoing
3.With
his
　　　　　(难以置信的)
talent,Messi
has
surprised
the
world.?
答案incredible
4.Follow
these
tips,and
your
time
spent
doing
research
on
the
internet
will
be
much
more
　　　　　(值得的).?
答案worthwhile
5.All　　　　　
(教育家)
agree
that
the
child
is
the
father
of
the
man.?
答案educationalists
6.One
of
his
less
attractive　　　　　
(特征)
is
criticising
his
wife
in
public.?
答案traits
7.He
decided
to
take
his　　　　　
(侄子)
abroad.?
答案nephew
8.His　　　　　
(具有强烈信念的)
speech
had
an
effect
on
our
emotions.?
答案passionate
9.All
other
considerations
are
　　　　　(次要的)
to
his
safety.?
答案secondary
10.A　　　　　
(火箭)
manned
by
trained
astronauts
will
launch
soon.?
答案rocket
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.People
are
encouraged
to
be
　　　　　(humour)
in
daily
life.?
答案humourous
2.The
job
is
exciting
but
　　　　　(occasional)
dangerous.?
答案occasionally
3.She
was
carrying
a
lot
of
　　　　　(emotion)
baggage.?
答案emotional
4.Furthermore,the
pen
is
made
of
the
　　　　　(extreme)
strong
materials,which
can
protect
the
pen
from
damage.?
答案extremely
5.We
　　　　　(grateful)
accepted
his
promise
to
help
us.?
答案gratefully
6.Gail
is
a
　　　　　(practice)
woman.Neither
she
nor
her
daughters
are
easily
fooled
by
cheap
tales
or
discounted
grace.?
答案practical
7.Economic
progress
is
closely
related
to　　　　　
(education)
development.?
答案educational
8.I
am
fed
up
with
his
　　　　　(lazy)
and
carelessness
at
present.?
答案laziness
9.The
　　　　　(strong)
of
the
diet
in
Wang
Peng’s
restaurant
was
that
it
provided
plenty
of
energy-giving
food.?
答案strength
10.The
judge
didn’t
believe
his
　　　　　(explain)
that
he
had
stolen
the
money
in
order
to
give
it
to
charity.?
答案explanation
Ⅲ.短语填空
a
couple
of,used
to,set
up,for
the
first
time,have
access
to,make
sure,find
out,pour
into,lack
in,add
up
to
1.Sales
moved
upwards
　　　　　　　　　this
year.?
答案for
the
first
time
2.People
　　　　　　　　　the
square
from
all
parts
of
the
city.?
答案poured
into
3.Critics
have
found
them
to
be
somewhat
　　　　　　　　　emotional
depth.?
答案lacking
in
4.As
I’ve
been
lying
wide
awake
for
　　　　　　　　hours,I
know
I’ve
come
in
for
it
again
tonight.?
答案a
couple
of
5.I
　　　　　　　　　get
up
early
and
take
an
hour’s
walk
before
breakfast.?
答案used
to
6.Students
must
　　　　　　　　　a
good
library.?
答案have
access
to
7.The
man
glanced
over
his
shoulder
every
now
and
then
to
　　　　　　　　　that
he
was
not
being
followed.?
答案make
sure
8.The
police
were
looked
into
the
case
to
　　　　　　　　　who
was
the
murderer.?
答案find
out
9.He
　　　　　　　　　a
firm
of
his
own
soon
after
he
graduated
from
college.?
答案set
up
10.The
numbers
　　　　　exactly
100.?
答案add
up
to
Ⅳ.句型训练
1.中华人民共和国成立于1949年,从那时起,这个国家经历了巨大的变化。
The
People’s
Republic
of
China
was
founded
in
1949,and
since
then
the
country　　　　　
　　　　　great
changes.?
答案has
experienced
2.我邀请了比尔,但我不知道他是否会和我一起去听音乐会。
I’ve
invited
Bill,but　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he’ll
go
to
the
concert
with
me.?
答案I’ve
no
idea
if
3.我发现在结冰的小路上很难保持平衡。
I
found　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　my
balance
on
the
icy
path.?
答案it
hard
to
keep
4.要是能像去年一样就好了!
　　　
　　　　　it
could
be
just
like
last
year!?
答案If
only
5.这些困难一旦过去,我们就不会再有进一步的困难了。
　　　
　　　　　　　　　　are
getting
over,we
will
have
no
further
difficulties.?
答案Once
these
difficulties
6.闹钟一响他就起床了。
He
gets
up　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　the
alarm
clock
goes
off.?
答案as
soon
as
7.避免癌症的关键是拥有健康的生活方式。
The
key
to　　　　　
　　　　　is
to
have
a
healthy
lifestyle.?
答案avoiding
cancer
8.这就是他所说的话。
This
is　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　.?
答案what
he
said
Ⅴ.选词填空
1.used
to
do,be
used
to
doing,be
used
to
do
We　　　　　　　　　
(work)
ten
hours
a
day.?
I　　　　　　　　　
(eat)
so
much
at
lunchtime.?
The
wood
can　　　　　　　　　
(make)
desks
and
chairs.?
答案used
to
work;am
used
to
eating;be
used
to
make
2.used
to,would
Whenever
Tim
was
angry,he
　　　　　eat
a
lot.?
The
successful
young
man　　　　　
be
a
naughty
boy.?
答案would;used
to
3.occasion,situation,condition,case
There
was
no　　　　　
for
you
to
be
so
rude.?
I
had
halfway
decided
to
accept
their　　　　　at
that
time.?
But
that
is
not
always
the　　　　　,sometimes
the
table
can
turn.?
The
economic　　　　　
is
now
different.?
答案occasion;condition(s);case;situation
4.pour
down,pour
in,pour
into,pour
out
The
rain
is　　　　　.?
We
opened
the
switch
and
the
water
　　　　　.?
The
crowd
suddenly　　　　　the
store.?
The
old
man　　　　　his
sufferings
in
the
past.?
答案pouring
down;poured
in;poured
into;poured
out
素养提升
Ⅵ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文
(2020安徽省级示范高中高一下学期期中)
It
was
summer
when
I
was
asked
whether
I
wanted
to
go
to
Malibu(an
island
in
Canada)with
my
church
to
serve
the
military
families.At
first,I
heard
this
and
thought,“You
are
asking
an
eleven-year-old
in
his
last
weeks
of
summer
if
he
wants
to
go
on
a
trip
with
his
mom
to
Canada
to
serve
other
people?”
Of
course,I
responded
with
a
kind
refusal,but
my
mom
found
a
way
to
convince
me
to
go.
When
we
were
on
the
ferry
to
the
island,a
thousand
thoughts
were
running
through
my
head,such
as
“What
am
I
going
to
do
here?”
“Am
I
even
going
to
be
useful?”
and
“Why
am
I
even
here?”
When
we
got
to
the
island,I
was
asked
to
do
the
childcare.I
was
actually
somewhat
excited
because
my
friend
said
he
would
help
me.The
first
time
I
met
the
kids,I
got
to
know
them
pretty
well.They
were
all
between
the
ages
of
four
and
six.Some
of
them
stayed
behaved
and
a
few
of
them
started
acting
crazy
and
would
even
hit
and
push
the
other
kids.
With
those
kids,I
was
very
strict,but
I
still
tried
to
be
positive
and
keep
a
smile.After
all,they
were
just
innocent
kids.In
most
of
the
time,I
needed
to
help
them
with
things
like
washing
clothes,and
setting
tables.Even
though
it
sounded
dull,I
enjoyed
every
second
of
it.One
of
the
things
I
did
in
my
free
time
was
to
play
pool(打台球).I
made
friends
with
a
few
kids
there.They
were
really
easy
to
talk
to.Some
of
the
things
we
talked
about
were
sports,food,video
games,and
most
of
all
pool.
Even
though
I
was
only
at
Malibu,Canada
for
one
week,I
feel
like
I
made
spiritual
changes
in
some
people’s
life.You
don’t
have
to
go
above
and
beyond
to
have
an
influence
on
someone’s
life.In
the
end,it
all
comes
down
to
what
way
you
changed
them.It
could
have
been
in
a
spiritual
way
or
a
mental
way
as
long
as
you
had
a
positive
effect.So
go
out
and
try
to
make
a
difference
in
this
world.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在妈妈的鼓励下不情愿地去了Malibu。作为一名志愿者,作者在岛上的主要任务是照顾那里的孩子。这次经历作者体会到“一切都归结于你改变它们的方式”。建议大家走出去试着改变世界。
1.How
did
the
author
react
when
asked
if
he
liked
to
serve
the
military
families?
A.He
hardly
believed
it.
B.He
was
very
confused
about
the
decision.
C.He
refused
to
accept
it.
D.He
was
worried
about
the
trip.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Of
course,I
responded
with
a
kind
refusal,but
my
mom
found
a
way
to
convince
me
to
go.”可知,当被问及是否愿意为军人家属服务时,作者拒绝提供服务。故选C项。
2.As
a
volunteer,the
author’s
main
task
on
the
island
was　　　.?
A.to
take
care
of
kids
there
B.to
educate
kids
there
C.to
make
friends
with
kids
there
D.to
share
his
experiences
with
kids
there
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When
we
got
to
the
island,I
was
asked
to
do
the
childcare.”可知,作为一名志愿者,作者在岛上的主要任务是照顾那里的孩子。故选A项。
3.What
can
we
know
about
the
author’s
stay
in
Malibu?
A.He
found
the
kids
very
hard
to
deal
with.
B.He
didn’t
quite
like
the
badly-behaved
kids.
C.He
managed
to
get
along
well
with
most
kids.
D.He
shared
common
hobbies
with
some
kids.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I
made
friends
with
a
few
kids
there.They
were
really
easy
to
talk
to.Some
of
the
things
we
talked
about
were
sports,food,video
games,and
most
of
all
pool.”可知,作者在Malibu逗留时,他和一些孩子们有共同的爱好。故选D项。
4.What
does
the
author
mainly
tell
us
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.He
regretted
having
taken
the
trip.
B.His
spiritual
changes
in
Malibu.
C.What
he
has
learnt
from
the
experience.
D.What
to
do
to
make
a
greater
difference.
答案C
解析主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“In
the
end,it
all
comes
down
to
what
way
you
changed
them.It
could
have
been
in
a
spiritual
way
or
a
mental
way
as
long
as
you
had
a
positive
effect.So
go
out
and
try
to
make
a
difference
in
this
world.”可推知,最后一段作者主要告诉我们“他从这次经历中学到了什么”。故选C项。
B
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文
(2020湖南师大附中高一下学期期中)
When
I
was
about
12,I
had
an
enemy,a
girl
who
liked
to
point
out
my
shortcomings.Week
by
week
her
list
grew:I
was
very
thin.I
wasn’t
a
good
student.I
talked
too
much.I
was
too
proud,and
so
on.I
tried
to
hear
all
this
as
long
as
I
could.At
last,I
became
very
angry.I
ran
to
my
father
with
tears
in
my
eyes.
He
listened
to
me
quietly,and
then
he
asked,“Are
the
things
she
says
true
or
not?Janet,didn’t
you
ever
wonder
what
you’re
really
like?Well,you
now
have
that
girl’s
opinion.Go
and
make
a
list
of
everything
she
said
and
mark
the
points
that
are
true.Pay
no
attention
to
the
other
things
she
said.”
I
did
as
he
told
me.To
my
great
surprise,I
discovered
that
about
half
the
things
were
true.Some
of
them
I
couldn’t
change
(like
being
very
thin),but
a
good
number
I
could—and
suddenly
I
wanted
to
change.For
the
first
time
I
got
a
fairly
clear
picture
of
myself.
I
brought
the
list
back
to
Daddy.He
refused
to
take
it.“That’s
just
for
you,”
he
said.“You
know
better
than
anyone
else
the
truth
about
yourself.But
you
have
to
learn
to
listen,not
just
close
your
ears
in
anger
and
feel
hurt.When
something
said
about
you
is
true,you’ll
find
it
will
be
of
help
to
you.Our
world
is
full
of
people
who
think
they
know
your
duty.Don’t
shut
your
ears.Listen
to
them
all,but
hear
the
truth
and
do
what
you
know
is
the
right
thing
to
do.”
Daddy’s
advice
has
returned
to
me
at
many
important
moments.In
my
life,I’ve
never
had
a
better
piece
of
advice.
【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者12岁的时候,有个朋友经常指出她的缺点。作者的父亲给她建议:要勇于听取别人的批评,从中选取正确的意见,加以改正。
5.What
did
the
father
do
after
he
had
heard
his
daughter’s
complaint?
A.He
agreed
with
her
“enemy”.
B.He
let
her
continue
to
put
up
with
her
“enemy”.
C.He
told
her
to
write
down
all
her
“enemy”
had
said
about
her.
D.He
told
her
not
to
pay
attention
to
what
her
“enemy”
had
said.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Go
and
make
a
list
of
everything
she
said
and
mark
the
points
that
are
true.Pay
no
attention
to
the
other
things
she
said.”可知,父亲让作者把对方说的话记下来,标出正确的地方,对其他的可以忽视。故选C项。
6.Which
of
the
following
can
we
know
from
the
passage?
A.The
“enemy”
thought
the
writer
was
pretty.
B.The
“enemy”
thought
the
writer
studied
hard.
C.The
writer
and
her
“enemy”
became
best
friends
at
last.
D.The
writer
is
grateful
to
her
father.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Daddy’s
advice
has
returned
to
me
at
many
important
moments.In
my
life,I’ve
never
had
a
better
piece
of
advice.”可知,在很多重要的时刻,作者经常回想起父亲的建议。在作者的一生中,她从来没有听过比这更好的建议。作者很感激父亲。故选D项。
7.Which
do
you
think
would
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.Not
an
Enemy,but
the
Best
Friend
B.The
Best
Advice
I’ve
Ever
Had
C.My
Father
D.My
Childhood
答案B
解析主旨大意题。
从文章最后一段总结句“In
my
life,I’ve
never
had
a
better
piece
of
advice”,可推断出文章的最佳标题为The
Best
Advice
I’ve
Ever
Had。故选
B项。
Ⅶ.七选五
主题语境:人与自我　语篇类型:记叙文
I
helped
my
grandmother
in
her
store
at
the
age
of
ten.　1　I
quickly
learned
the
importance
of
treating
customers
politely
and
saying
“thank
you.”?
At
first
I
was
paid
in
candy.　2　I
worked
every
day
after
school,and
during
the
summer
and
on
weekends
and
holidays
from
8
a.m.to
7
p.m.My
father
helped
me
set
up
a
bank
account.　3　?
By
the
time
I
was
12,My
grandmother
thought
I
had
done
such
a
good
job
that
she
promoted
me
to
selling
cosmetics(化妆品).I
developed
the
ability
to
look
customers
directly
in
the
eye.Even
though
I
was
just
a
kid,women
would
ask
me
such
things
as
“
What
colour
do
you
think
I
should
wear?”
I
took
a
real
interest
in
their
questions
and
was
able
to
translate
what
they
wanted
into
make-up(化妆)ideas.　4　?
The
job
taught
me
a
valuable
lesson:to
be
a
successful
salesperson,you
didn’t
need
to
be
a
rocket
scientist—you
needed
to
be
a
great
listener.　5　Except
they
are
no
longer
women
purchasing
cosmetics
from
me;instead,they
are
kids
who
tell
me
which
toys
they
would
like
to
see
designed
and
developed.?
A.Later
I
received
50
cents
an
hour.
B.Before
long,she
let
me
sit
there
by
myself.
C.I
ended
my
selling
a
record
amount
of
cosmetics.
D.Today
I
still
carry
that
lesson
with
me:I
listen
to
customers.
E.My
grandma’s
trust
taught
me
how
to
handle
responsibility.
F.Soon
I
found
myself
looking
more
beautiful
than
ever
before.
G.Watching
my
money
grow
was
more
rewarding
than
anything
I
could
have
bought.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】通过作者的故事,让人们了解到工作给作者上了宝贵的一课,今天他仍然带着这个经验:我要听客户的。
1.B　从后一句“I
quickly
learned
the
importance
of
treating
customers
politely
and
saying‘thank
you.’”可推知,作者的祖母先让作者跟着她学,然后让作者独立工作。所以他很快懂得有礼貌地对待客人的重要性。故选B项。
2.A　前面有At
first和A项中的Later“后来”相照应。故选A项。
3.G　根据前一句的“My
father
helped
me
set
up
a
bank
account”,可知此空表达的意思是:看我的钱增长比我买任何东西都更有意义。可确定答案为G项。
4.C　根据前一句“I
took
a
real
interest
in
their
questions
and
was
able
to
translate
what
they
wanted
into
make-up(化妆)ideas.”可知,下一句要说“我结束了我化妆品的销售纪录”。故确定答案为C项。
5.D　上文提到“The
job
taught
me
a
valuable
lesson...”,这里承接上下文。由此可知此空要表达的意思是:今天我仍然带着这个经验:我要听客户的。故选D项。
Ⅷ.完形填空
主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文
I
was
on
vacation
with
my
husband,my
brother,his
wife
and
daughter.We
were
not　1　
with
the
area
and
　2　
on
a
bus
without
any
doubt,　3　
it
would
be
a
nice
way
to
see
the
downtown’s
old
town
area.Well,until
talking
with
the
bus
driver,we
　4　
out
we
were
on
the
neighbourhood
route
which
picks
up
　5　
children
and
delivers
commuters
(上下班往返的人)
to
　6　
neighbourhood
places,with
a
route
of
well
over
about
2
hours.That
was
a
surprise
and
a
　7　
because
we
had
parked
our
car
in
a
timed
parking
area
and
it
was
going
to
expire
(到期).?
We
shared
this
with
the
bus　8　
only
to
let
her
know
we
were
not
from
the
area
and
　9　
for
getting
on
her
bus
wrongly.Then
she
　10　
us
further
saying,“I
leave
　11　
after
a
few
more
blocks,and
if
you
don’t
mind
too
many
people
in
my
company
car,I’d
be
happy
to
take
you
back
to
your
car
　12　
the
parking
time
expires.”
The
bus
driver
received
　13　
from
her
boss,so
we
　14　
said
yes
to
her
offer.?
She
went
out
of
her
way
to
take
us
back
to
our
car
after
her
work
was
over
and
it
wasn’t
on
her
route
to
home
either.We
were
　15　
and
grateful
for
her
kindness
and
thoughtfulness.?
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者与家人一起到外地度假,误上了一辆载运学生和上下班工人的通勤车,这辆车在固定的路线上需要两小时,而作者自己的车停放在计时停车场。通勤车司机在下班后特地把作者及家人送到了停车场。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.A.delighted
B.familiar
C.bored
D.disappointed
答案B
解析根据第二段第一句可知,作者是上错了车,可见作者对这个地方不“熟悉(familiar)”。delighted“高兴的”;
bored“厌烦的”;
disappointed“失望的”。故选B项。
2.A.jumped
B.wrote
C.called
D.leaned
答案A
解析根据第二段中的“getting
on
her
bus
wrongly”可知,作者上错了车。jump
on“跳上”,符合题意。write
on“在……上书写”;call
on“拜访”;lean
on“斜靠”。故选A项。
3.A.noticing
B.thinking
C.arguing
D.realizing
答案B
解析根据上文可知,作者对当地不熟悉,因此,想当然地“认为(thinking)”,坐上公交车是观赏老城区的最好方式。其他三个选项都是有根据的结论,而不是主观想象。故选B项。
4.A.called
B.left
C.found
D.held
答案C
解析直到与司机聊了几句之后,作者才“弄清楚(found
out)”自己上了一辆载运学生和上下班工人的通勤车。call
out“召集,大声喊叫”;leave
out“省去,忽视,遗漏”;hold
out“守住,提出,坚持,伸出”。故选C项。
5.A.school
B.street
C.noisy
D.small
答案A
解析作者错误地上了一辆街道通勤车,这辆车的路线超过两个小时,专门接送学校的孩子和上下班的工人。street
children“街道流浪儿”;noisy“吵闹的”;small“小的”。故选A项。
6.A.secret
B.safe
C.public
D.various
答案D
解析根据空前的介词to可知,下班工人要回到各自的家,因此,各自地方“不同(various)”。secret“秘密的”;safe“安全的”;public“公共的”。故选D项。
7.A.interest
B.doubt
C.concern
D.reason
答案C
解析根据空后的内容可知,作者自己的车停在计时停车场,马上就要到期了,而这辆通勤车还要跑两个多小时,因此作者非常“担忧(concern)”。interest“兴趣”;doubt“怀疑”;reason“原因”。故选C项。
8.A.passenger
B.owner
C.conductor
D.driver
答案D
解析根据下文可知,作者把当时自己的处境告诉了公交车“司机(driver)”。
故选D项。
9.A.asked
B.apologized
C.answered
D.applied
答案B
解析根据空后的“for
getting
on
her
bus
wrongly”可知,作者是因上错了车而“道歉(apologized)”。ask
for“请求”;
answer
for“对……负责”;apply
for“申请”。故选B项。
10.A.surprised
B.inspired
C.disappointed
D.frightened
答案A
解析根据下文可知,司机答应作者,再过几个街区之后,她就下班了,就把作者及其家人送到他们自己停车的地方,这一点作者确实没有想到,所以是“意外的惊喜(surprised)”。inspire“激励”;disappoint“使失望”;frighten“吓唬”。故选A项。
11.A.family
B.school
C.work
D.children
答案C
解析根据第三段的第一句中的“after
her
work
was
over”可知,司机说的是“下班(leave
work)”后,就能帮助他们了。故选C项。
12.A.immediately
B.when
C.after
D.before
答案D
解析呼应第一段的最后一句。作者着急的是,自己的车停在计时停车场,马上就要到期了。因此,司机的建议,是尽可能地赶在到期“之前(before)”把作者他们送到。故选D项。
13.A.decision
B.permission
C.suggestion
D.hesitation
答案B
解析根据11空后“my
company
car”可知,司机想这样做,需要得到公司领导老板的“许可(permission)”。decision“决定”;suggestion“建议”;hesitation“犹豫”。故选B项。
14.A.angrily
B.pitifully
C.cautiously
D.gratefully
答案D
解析根据第10空,再联系上下文可知,作者当时是“感激不尽地(gratefully)”。angrily“愤怒地”;
pitifully“怜悯地”;cautiously“小心翼翼地”。故选D项。
15.A.touched
B.pleased
C.encouraged
D.satisfied
答案A
解析根据14空可知,司机主动提出下班后送他们去停车场,作者就已经感恩不尽了;更想不到的是,这去停车场的路与司机回家的路不是同一条路线,司机这样做不是顺路,而是专门这样做,这就令作者十分的“感动(touched)”了。pleased“高兴的”;
encouraged“鼓励的”;satisfied“满足的”。故选A项。(共23张PPT)
单元重点小结
主题语境
人与社会　社会服务与人际沟通
语音知识
理解说话者的态度、交流观点
重点词汇
1.humour
n.幽默感　a
sense
of
humour幽默感
in
a
good/bad
humour心情好/坏　in
no
humour没心思
out
of
humour情绪不好　humorous
adj.幽默的;滑稽的
2.occasionally
adv.偶尔;偶然　occasion
n.场合;时机
on
occasion有时,偶尔　if
the
occasion
arises
(=if
the
occasion
should
arise)必要的时候
on
one
occasion曾经,有一次　on
several
occasions屡次,好几次
take/seize
the
occasion
to
do抓住……的时机,乘机……　
occasional
adj.偶尔的
3.add
up
to合计达,总计达　add
to使增强,使增加,使扩大
add
up把……加起来,相加;
合乎情理,有道理　add...to...把……加到……里
add
that...补充说……
4.used
to过去经常,曾经　be
used
to适应,习惯于……
be
used
to
do
sth被用来做某事　be
used
as...被用作……
5.practical
adj.实际的;实践的;切实可行的　for
all
practical
purposes实际上,事实上
practise
v.练习,训练　practice
v.练习,训练　n.练习;习惯,惯例;实践
impractical
adj.不切实际的;不实用的
6.for
the
first
time初次,第一次　in
time迟早;最后;及时
on
time准时　all
the
time一直,始终　at
one
time曾经,一度
at
a
time每次,逐一　from
time
to
time有时,偶尔
in
no
time立刻,马上　at
times有时
7.pour
v.灌,注,倒　pour
down向下倾注;流下
pour
in大量地涌进来;倒入,使涌入　
pour
into不断地或大量地流进或涌进
pour
out倒出;倾诉;倾吐
8.lack
v.缺乏,不足　lack
for
sth需要某物
lack
for
nothing一无所缺　be
lacking
in缺乏(品质、特点等)
for
lack
of因缺乏　have
no
lack
of不缺乏
be
short
of缺少
9.drag
vt.拖,拉　drag
down把……向下拖,使衰弱
drag
in插入讨论中　drag
on使拖延
drag
one’s
feet拖着脚走,迟缓误事,拖拉,不合作　
drag
out使拖延,延长
drag
up把……拉扯大;重新提起;翻……的旧账
10.access
n.进入;接触的机会　
be
easy/hard/difficult
of
access容易/难接近
give
access
to接见;
准许进入　
have/gain/get/obtain
access
to...有/获得……
accessible
adj.可接近的;可进入的;可使用的　
be
accessible
to
sb某人可接近/可进入/可使用
11.worthwhile
adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的　
it
is
worthwhile
to
do/doing
sth值得做某事
worth
adj.值得的　be
worth
doing
sth值得做某事
worthy
adj.值得的　be
worthy
of
sth值得……的
be
worthy
to
be
done/of
being
done值得被做
12.preference
n.偏爱,偏好　have
a
preference
for偏爱……
have
a
preference
of
sth
to/over
another宁要某物而不要另一物
give
preference
to...给予……优惠/优待
in
preference
to而不是
prefer
v.更喜欢,偏爱　prefer
A
to
B与B相比,更喜欢A
prefer
to
do...rather
than
do...宁愿做……,而不愿做……
13.ashamed
adj.羞愧的;内疚的;惭愧的
be/feel
ashamed
of
(doing)
sth对(做)某事感到羞耻
be/feel
ashamed
of
oneself
for
doing
sth因为做某事而感到羞耻/羞愧
be
ashamed
to
do
sth以做某事为耻;羞于做某事
shame
n.羞耻;羞愧;惭愧;令人惋惜的事;让人遗憾的事(=pity)
in
shame羞愧地　to
one’s
shame使某人惭愧的是
It’s
a
shame
(that)...令人遗憾的是……　
What
a
shame!真遗憾!
真可惜!
真可耻!
shameful
adj.可耻的,丢脸的
14.intention
n.意图,目的;打算
with
the
intention
of
(doing)
sth带着(做)某事的目的
intend
vt.想要,打算;为特殊目的而设计
intend
to
do
sth/intend
doing
sth打算做某事
intend
to
have
done
sth/had
intended
to
do
sth原本想做某事
intend
sb
to
do
sth打算要某人做某事
be
intended
for...为……打算/设计
15.demanding
adj.要求严格的;费力的
demand
n.要求,请求　v.要求,请求
demand
sth
from/of
sb向某人要求某物
demand
that...要求……,请求……(虚拟语气)
demand
to
do
sth要求做某事
sth
demand
doing=sth
demand
to
be
done某事(物)需要被……
in
great
demand非常需要的
meet/satisfy
the
demand
of...满足……的要求
16.manner
n.方式,方法　in
the
manner
of...用……的方式
in
a...manner以……的方式　good
manners有礼貌
bad
manners没礼貌　it’s
good/bad
manners
to
do
sth做某事是有/无礼貌的
17.sensitive
adj.敏感的;善解人意的　
sense
vt.感觉到;检测　n.感觉,功能;观念
make
sense有道理,合乎情理,明智
there
is
no/little
sense/point
(in)
doing
sth做某事没有意义/没有多大意义
come
to
one’s
senses醒过来　
lose
one’s
senses失去理智;
糊涂了;
发疯
in
a
sense在某种意义上　in
every
sense在各种意义上　
in
no
sense决不
a
sense
of
direction
/humour
/duty
/responsibility方向感/幽默感/职责感/责任感
in
broad/narrow
sense广义上/狭义上　senseless
adj.毫无意义的
sensible
adj.明智的;可感觉到的
18.flow
n.流动　vi.流,流动　flow
away流走　
flow
from从……流走
flow
in流入　flow
out流出　flow
over溢出;横流
flow
to流向　flow
with被……淹过;富有……
19.associate
vt.与某人交往　associate
with与某人交往
associate
A
with
B
将A
与B
联系起来　
be
associated
with...与……有关联
business
associate生意伙伴　association
n.联想,联合,社团
in
association
with...与……有关联
20.reserved
adj.含蓄的;内敛的
reserve
vt.&
n.预订,预约;保留;储备;(动植物)保护区
reserve
sth(for
sb/sth)为(某人/某物)预订/预约(座位、房间等)
reserve
the
right拥有权力
in
reserve储备;备用
reservation
n.保留意见;疑惑;(旅馆、房间等的)预订,预约
make
reservations/a
reservation预定,预约
without
reservation毫无保留地
21.reality
n.现实;真实　in
reality事实上,实际上
come
into
reality实现　real
adj.真实的,现实的
really
adv.真实地,现实地　realistic
adj.现实的;现实主义的
realize
vt.实现;意识到,了解
22.desperate
adj.拼命的;绝望的　be
desperate
to
do
sth很想做某事
be
desperate
for
sth渴望某物　desperately
adv.绝望地;极度地
desperation
n.不顾一切;绝望
23.depressed
adj.沮丧的,忧愁的　
depress
vt.使沮丧;压下;使萧条;降低;压抑
depressing
adj.令人沮丧的　depressive
adj.抑郁的　
depression
n.沮丧;萧条
24.delay
vi.&vt.推迟,延期　delay
doing
sth耽误做某事
be
delayed
by...因……而延误　without
delay赶快,立刻
25.bent
adj.弯腰的;弯曲的
bend
over弯腰,俯身
be
bent
on
doing
sth一心想要做某事;决心要做某事
bend
one’s
mind
to
sth专心于某事
bend
(sb)
to
sth迫使/说服(某人)做某事
26.complain
vi.&vt.抱怨;不满;发牢骚
complain
(to
sb)
about/of
sth/that...(向某人)抱怨……
complain
of
sth诉说(病痛等)
complaint
n.抱怨;投诉
make
a
complaint
against/about...对……进行投诉
27.appointment
n.约定;约会
have
an
appointment
with
sb与某人有个约定
by
appointment通过预约
take
up
an
appointment就职;上任
appoint
vt.任命,委任;指定(时间、地点)
the
appointed
time指定的/约定的时间
appoint
sb
as/to
be+职位表示“任命某人”,职位前不用冠词
28.organise
vt.组织,筹划　organise
sb/sth
into
sth把……组成
organised
adj.有组织的,系统的　organiser
n.组织者,安排者
organisation
n.组织;机构
29.competitor
n.选手,参赛者　compete
vi.比赛,竞争
compete
in参加……比赛　compete
for为争取……而竞争
compete
with/against
sb同某人竞争　competition
n.竞争
competitive
adj.竞争的,有竞争力的
30.progression
n.变化,发展
progress
n.进步;发展;前进　v.进步;发展;缓速前进;促进
in
progress进行中　progress
in/with在……方面取得进展
progress
to进入……
31.engagement
n.参与　engagement
for
……的约会
engagement
with
sb与某人的约会
engage
v.雇佣;与……交战;答应;订婚;预定;参加;从事
engaged
adj.忙碌的;已订婚的　engage
in参加;从事;忙于
be
engaged
to订婚
32.take
up占据　take
over夺取;接管
take
over
to移交;遗留给　take
along随身带着
take
away带走,使离去　take
in接纳;收容;消化;吸收;理解;欺骗
take
off脱;去掉;起飞;(事业)蓬勃发展
take
out拿出,取出　take
after与……相像
take
on呈现;具有;担任(工作);承担(责任);雇用
take
back退回;收回;接回
take
to爱;喜欢;沉迷于
33.approval
n.赞许;同意　approve
v.批准;赞成;同意;称许
approve
of赞成,赞许;认可　disapprove
v.不赞成;不同意;不批准
34.defend
vi.&vt.保护,保卫
defend...from/against...保护……使不受……,为……辩护
defend
oneself自卫　defence
n.防御;辩护;防务
in
defence
of为……辩护;防卫
in
one’s
defence为某人辩护
重点句型
1.Sometimes
I
think,if
only
I
could
call
him
and
ask
for
his
opinion!有时我想,要是我能打电话问问他的意见就好了!(P8)
2.Then
we
could
make
sure
that
we
found
the
path
to
success,both
at
school
and
in
later
life,for
all
of
them.然后我们可以确保我们找到了成功的道路,无论是在学校还是在以后的生活中,为他们所有人。(P9)
3.According
to
research,over
two-thirds
of
young
people
find
it
easier
to
make
friends
online
than
it
is
“in
real
life”.根据一项调查,超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交友比在“现实生活”中更容易。(P14-15)
4.It’s
funny
that
my
friends
and
I
chatter
away
online
so
much,but
we
end
up
having
nothing
to
say
when
we
meet.有趣的是,我和我的朋友经常在网上畅聊,但我们见面时却无话可说。(P15)
5.Peer
pressure
can
happen
when
we
are
influenced
to
do
something
that
we
would
not
usually
do
because
we
want
to
be
accepted
by
our
peers.当我们被影响去做一些我们通常不会做的事情时,因为我们想要被我们的同伴接受,同辈压力就会发生。(P21)
6.When
feeling
bad
or
stressed,introverts
look
inside
themselves
for
energy
and
motivation.感觉不好或有压力时,内向的人会从内心寻找能量和动力。(P22-23)
重点语法
过去完成时
1.表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。
He
had
gone
to
bed
by
10:00
last
night.
昨夜十点钟之前他已上床睡觉了。
2.与一般过去时搭配,表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。
The
train
had
started
when
I
got
to
the
station.
当我到达车站时火车已开走了。
The
minute
I
saw
a
lady
getting
off
the
bus,I
knew
it
was
she,for
I
had
seen
her
before.
我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她,因为我以前见过她。
3.表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for
(后跟时间段)或since
(后跟时间点/一般过去时从句)等连用。
She
had
worked
in
this
school
since
it
opened
25
years
ago.
自从这所学校二十五年前开办以来,她一直在这里工作。