UNIT
2
SUCCESS
Section
A TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.His
great
success
has
much
to
do
with
his
(坚持的)
effort.?
答案persistent
2.People
are
(乐观的)
about
the
company’s
future.?
答案optimistic
3.His
army
is
a
very
(遵守纪律的)
force.?
答案disciplined
4.He
doesn’t
know
much
about
this
subject,but
he’s
very
(热心的).?
答案enthusiastic
5.We
will
buy
some
(家具)
for
our
new
house.?
答案furniture
6.My
son’s
dream
is
to
be
an
(宇航员).?
答案astronaut
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.He
is
a
strong
(determine)
person
and
by
no
means
will
he
give
in
to
difficulties.?
答案determined
2.China
remains
(commit)
to
peaceful
development
and
has
no
intention
of
replacing
the
US.?
答案committed
3.I
ought
to
do
something
a
bit
more
(ambition).?
答案ambitious
4.He
becomes
more
(appreciate)
of
the
meaning
of
life
and
its
spiritual
values.?
答案appreciative
5.Motorcyclists
must
wear
helmets
to
protect
them
from
(injure).?
答案injury
6.Readers
can
enjoy
all
kinds
of
books
(comfortable)
in
the
new
Reading
Room.?
答案comfortably
Ⅲ.短语填空
make
sense,
be
tired
of,
give
away,
dream
up,
give
up,
drop
out,
worry
about,
die
of
1.Sometimes
paragraphs
need
only
to
be
rearranged
for
the
story
to .?
答案make
sense
2.You’ll
never
go
to
college
if
you
of
high
school.?
答案drop
out
3.They
a
most
impossible
plan.?
答案dreamed
up
4.Let
them
how
to
get
rid
of
the
cars
later.?
答案worry
about
5.They
tried
in
vain
to
persuade
him
to
smoking.?
答案give
up
6.If
you
wandering
around
the
gym
wasting
time,you
can
attend
a
group
fitness
class.?
答案are
tired
of
7.She
all
her
money
to
the
poor.?
答案gave
away
8.It
turned
out
that
his
brother
a
heart
attack.?
答案died
of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我要做的事情就是上学,以及回家后再学习几个小时。
All
I
had
to
do
was
go
to
school
and
spend
a
few
hours
after
I
came
home.?
答案studying
2.有些实验是难的,而其他一些实验是容易的。
Some
experiments
are
difficult
others
are
easy.?
答案while
3.方便的时候来取你的邮件。
Please
come
for
your
mail
it’s
convenient.?
答案whenever
4.他一打开话匣子就没个完。
he
opens
his
mouth,he
never
stops.?
答案Once
5.南方和北方之间爆发了战争。
(fight)
broke
out
between
the
South
and
the
North.?
答案Fighting
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:记叙文
(2020湖南浏阳高二上学期期末)
Born
in
Chengdu,Southwest
China’s
Sichuan
Province,to
a
Canadian
missionary
family
in
1915,Crook
came
into
the
world.While
Isabel
Crook’s
parents
were
engaged
in
setting
up
schools
and
education
institutions
in
Southwest
China,Crook
herself
was
more
interested
in
anthropology(人类学)
and
the
ethnic
minority
peoples
in
China.She
was
very
curious
about
what
was
going
on
around
her.
At
the
age
of
23,Crook
graduated
from
a
Canadian
college
with
a
master’s
degree
and
began
carrying
out
field
research
in
Li
County
of
Sichuan
Province.In
1947,Crook
and
her
journalist
husband
were
warmly
welcomed
by
the
Communist
Party
of
China
(CPC)
to
observe
and
study
the
revolutionary
land
reform
taking
place
in
China.In
1948
the
couple
accepted
an
invitation
from
CPC
leaders
to
teach
at
a
newly-built
foreign
affairs
school.The
school
was
the
forerunner
of
today’s
Beijing
Foreign
Studies
University
(BFSU),which
has
seen
over
400
ambassadors(大使)
and
1,000
counsellors(参赞)
walk
through
its
doors.As
a
teacher
at
BFSU
she
laid
the
foundations
for
foreign
language
education
in
China.
As
two
of
the
first
three
foreign
teachers
at
the
school,Isabel
and
David
Crook
brought
new
Western
teaching
methodologies
to
the
classroom.Michael
Crook
noted
that
since
some
students
were
extremely
poor
during
the
1950s
and
1960s,his
parents
were
especially
sensitive
to
their
situation
and
did
what
they
could
to
help
them
while
protecting
their
self-esteem.For
example,they
would
bring
food
such
as
eggs
and
bread
for
picnics
and
share
them
with
students
who
brought
steamed
corn
bread.
According
to
the
younger
Crook,because
of
his
parents’
belief
in
communism,they
chose
to
use
political
texts
as
their
teaching
materials,such
as
works
once
admired
by
Karl
Marx.Understanding
that
the
students
would
become
diplomats
representing
the
People’s
Republic
of
China,his
parents
tried
to
help
students
gain
knowledge
in
different
fields
to
better
prepare
them
for
communicating
with
foreigners
in
English.
On
December
15th
2018,Isabel
got
the
award
of
“The
Most
Influential
Foreigner
throughout
40
Years
of
China’s
Development”
from
the
Chinese
government.On
September
17,
2019,Isabel
was
awarded
“the
Friendship
Medals”
by
the
Chinese
government
for
her
lifetime
of
devotion
to
China.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Isabel
Crook为中国的外语教育做出了卓越贡献并且被中国政府授予“中国发展40年来最具影响力外国人”的称号以及“友谊勋章”以表彰她对中国的贡献。
1.What
did
Isabel
Crook
independently
do?
A.Teaching
English.
B.Performing
field
research.
C.Helping
the
poor
students.
D.Introducing
new
Western
teaching
ways
to
China.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“At
the
age
of
23,Crook
graduated
from
a
Canadian
college
with
a
master’s
degree
and
began
carrying
out
field
research
in
Li
County
of
Sichuan
Province.”可知,Isabel
Crook个人进行了实地研究。故选B项。
2.Why
did
his
parents
use
political
texts
as
teaching
materials
according
to
the
younger
Crook?
A.They
themselves
were
crazy
about
Chinese
politics.
B.They
wanted
to
spread
the
spirits
of
Karl
Marx.
C.They
had
to
teach
many
objects
including
politics.
D.They
believed
in
communism
and
wanted
to
prepare
students
for
overall
development.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第四段的“According
to
the
younger
Crook,because
of
his
parents’
belief
in
communism,they
chose
to
use
political
texts
as
their
teaching
materials,...his
parents
tried
to
help
students
gain
knowledge
in
different
fields
to
better
prepare
them...”可知,他的父母用政治课本作为教材的原因是他们信仰共产主义,希望为学生的全面发展做准备。故选D项。
3.What
can
we
infer
from
Paragraph
2
and
Paragraph
3?
A.In
the
1950s,Crook’s
husband
worked
as
a
reporter
in
China.
B.Isabel
and
her
husband
taught
students
only
in
Western
teaching
methods.
C.Isabel
Crook
made
great
contributions
to
China’s
foreign
language
education.
D.Isabel
Crook
and
her
husband
were
very
rich
at
that
time.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第二段的“As
a
teacher
at
BFSU
she
laid
the
foundations
for
foreign
language
education
in
China.”和第三段的“Isabel
and
David
Crook
brought
new
Western
teaching
methodologies
to
the
classroom....”可知,我们能从第二段和第三段推断出Isabel
Crook为中国的外语教育做出了巨大贡献。故选C项。
4.Which
of
the
following
can
best
describe
Isabel
Crook?
A.Caring. B.Patient. C.Strict. D.Romantic.
答案A
解析推理判断题。通读全文以及文章最后一段可知,Isabel
Crook为中国的外语教育做出了巨大贡献并且被中国政府授予“中国发展40年来最具影响力外国人”的称号以及“友谊勋章”以表彰她对中国的贡献,可知,选项中的词caring最能描述Isabel
Crook,故选A项。
B
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:记叙文
Pete
Sparks
was
a
sensitive
(敏感的)
boy.So
sensitive
that
even
his
hair
was
ticklish
(怕痒的).You
only
had
to
touch
his
hair
a
little
bit
and
he
would
start
laughing.When
this
ticklish
laughter
started,no
one
could
make
him
stop.
Pete
tried
everything
to
control
his
ticklishness,but
nothing
worked.So
he
began
to
feel
sad
for
being
different.
One
day
in
the
street,he
met
a
special
clown.The
clown
was
very
old
and
could
hardly
walk,but
when
he
saw
Pete
in
tears,he
went
to
cheer
him
up.It
didn’t
take
long
to
make
Pete
laugh.Later
Pete
told
him
about
his
ticklish
problem,and
he
asked
the
clown
how
such
an
old
man
could
carry
on
being
a
clown.
“I
have
no
one
to
take
my
place,”
said
the
clown.“I
have
a
very
serious
job
to
do.”
Pete
looked
at
him,surprised.“Come,I’ll
show
you,”
said
the
clown.So
the
clown
took
Pete
to
many
hospitals
full
of
children
who
were
sick.As
soon
as
they
saw
the
clown,their
faces
changed
completely
and
lit
up
with
a
smile.Their
short
time
spent
with
the
clown
changed
everything
for
them.That
day
was
even
more
special,because
in
every
show
Pete’s
laughter
would
end
up
with
the
kids
lying
on
the
floor,dying
with
laughter.When
the
visit
came
to
an
end,the
old
clown
said
to
Pete,“Now
do
you
see
why
I
can’t
retire,even
at
my
age?”
That
was
how
Pete
became
a
clown,and
took
the
special
old
man’s
place.From
that
day
on,the
fact
that
Pete
was
different
actually
made
him
happy,thanks
to
his
special
gift.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。Pete是一个敏感的男孩,以至于他的头发都很怕痒,只要碰到一点他的头发,他就会大笑,直到遇到一个年老的小丑,他向Pete
展示了自己的工作。于是Pete
把自己的不同当作天赋,成为了一名小丑。
5.Pete
wanted
to
change
because
he
wanted
to
.?
A.make
a
difference
B.just
be
a
normal
boy
C.make
everyone
happy
D.just
be
a
special
clown
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Pete
tried
everything
to
control
his
ticklishness,but
nothing
worked.So
he
began
to
feel
sad
for
being
different.”可知,Pete
尝试了许多方法去改变自己的怕痒,但是没有任何效果,他开始为自己的不同感到悲伤。故选B项。
6.The
clown
took
Pete
to
the
hospitals
in
order
to
.?
A.treat
his
ticklishness
B.encourage
him
to
be
a
clown
C.show
him
the
meaning
of
his
job
D.know
whether
Pete
had
told
a
lie
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第四段可知,小丑说:“没有人可以代替我的位置,我的工作非常重要。”Pete
是非常惊讶的,所以小丑就带着
Pete去了医院。以及由“Now
do
you
see
why
I
can’t
retire,even
at
my
age?”可知,小丑想让
Pete
知道自己工作的意义,故选C项。
7.What
does
the
story
teach
us?
A.Practice
makes
perfect.
B.Everyone
is
born
useful.
C.Well
begun
is
half
done.
D.Where
there
is
life,there
is
hope.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Pete
成了一名小丑,取代了老人的位置,从那天起,Pete
的不同使他变得开心,这一切都多亏了他的特殊天赋。由此可知,每个人都有自己的特殊天赋,都是有用处的,故选B项。
Ⅵ.七选五
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:说明文
(2020湖北鄂州高二上学期期末)
Are
you
feeling
anxious
about
your
test
next
week?Here
are
some
tips
that
will
help
you
deal
with
stress
and
anxiety.
Study
regularly
One
of
the
most
important
ways
of
avoiding
test
anxiety
is
to
prepare
well
in
advance.Study
regularly
for
a
few
hours
every
day. 1 ?
Reduce
study
pressure
If
students
are
not
able
to
deal
with
anxiety
or
nervousness,they
could
talk
to
their
teachers,student
counselors(辅导员),parents
or
friends.Parents
should
also
avoid
pressurizing(加压)
their
kids
to
do
well. 2 Then
your
children
can
study
without
any
tension(紧张).Another
important
point
that
arises
here
is
that
neither
the
students
nor
the
parents
should
compare
the
children
with
their
other
classmates
and
friends.?
Physical
fitness
Do
not
forget
to
eat
and
sleep
properly.Many
times
due
to
anxiety
students
avoid
sleep
and
starve
themselves. 3
Exercising
regularly
is
equally
important
as
talking
to
friends
and
socializing(社交).?
4 ?
Plan
your
studies
well.Chart(制图)
out
a
timetable
and
take
proper
breaks
between
studying.Along
with
the
study
time,allot
(分配)
time
to
relax
and
do
what
you
love
to
do.Practicing
simple
breathing
skills
will
also
help
reduce
stress.
5 While
it
is
important
to
gain
good
scores
in
tests,it
is
not
the
most
important
thing
in
life.Learning
to
deal
with
nervousness
and
stress
will
not
only
help
them
to
do
well
in
school
tests,but
also
in
their
future
life.?
A.Listen
carefully
in
class
B.Prepare
schedule
C.Create
a
peaceful
and
relaxing
atmosphere
at
home.
D.It
helps
increase
the
confidence
of
students.
E.Test
and
exam
time
causes
a
lot
of
nervousness
in
students.
F.They
should
sleep
for
at
least
6-7
hours
a
day
and
eat
nutritious
and
healthy
food.
G.Students
should
remember
that
tests
are
just
a
part
of
life.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何缓解学习压力的一些建议。在文中作者提到不要临时抱佛脚,要坚持一贯的学习;要坚持进行体育锻炼,要保证充足的睡眠和合理健康的饮食;此外,家长也要在家中提供一个温馨、舒适放松的环境。
1.D 上文“Study
regularly
for
a
few
hours
every
day.”与D项“It
helps
increase
the
confidence
of
students.”承接自然,选项是前文所提建议能带来的好处,故选D项。
2.C C项“Create
a
peaceful
and
relaxing
atmosphere
at
home.”与下文“Then
your
children
can
study
without
any
tension.”承接自然,后文是选项所提建议的好处,relaxing和tension是关键词,故选C项。
3.F 前文“Many
times
due
to
anxiety
students
avoid
sleep
and
starve
themselves.”与F项“They
should
sleep
for
at
least
6—7
hours
a
day
and
eat
nutritious
and
healthy
food.”承接自然,选项是针对上文情况所提出的建议,sleep是关键词,故选F项。
4.B 根据下文“Plan
your
studies
well.Chart
out
a
timetable”可知本段主要讲述要制定时间表,有计划地学习和生活。B项“Prepare
schedule”可以作为本段的小标题,故选B项。
5.G 下文“While
it
is
important
to
gain
good
scores
in
tests,it
is
not
the
most
important
thing
in
life.”与G项“Students
should
remember
that
tests
are
just
a
part
of
life.”承接自然,前后文都讲述对待考试应该有的态度,important是关键词,故选G项。
Ⅶ.完形填空
主题语境:人与社会 语篇类型:记叙文
On
a
trip
for
some
exploring
I
stopped
at
a
service 1 .As
soon
as
I
2
my
car,a
young
man
came
running
to
the
car
and
with
a
big
3
said,“Can
I
help
you?”?
“Yes,”
I
answered.“A
full
tank
of
gas,please.”
I
wasn’t 4
for
what
followed.In
this
day
and
age
of
self-service,this
young
man
5
every
tire,washed
every
6 —even
the
sunroof—singing
and
7
the
whole
time.I
couldn’t
believe
both
the
quality
of
service
and
his
8
attitude
about
his
work.?
This
kid
was
really
something!
When
he
brought
the
bill,I
said
to
the
young
man,“Hey,I
want
to
get
some 9 .Can
you
tell
me
where
I
can
find
the
10
Baskin-Robbins?”?
“Baskin-Robbins
is
just
a
few
blocks
away,”
he
said
as
he
gave
me
the
exact 11 ,adding,“Don’t
park
out
front-park
around
to
the
side
so
your
car
won’t
get
sideswiped.”?
What
a
kid!
As
I
got
to
the
ice
cream
store
I
ordered
two
milkshakes.Then
I 12
back
to
the
station.My
young
friend
dashed
out
to
13
me.“Hey,I
see
you
got
your
milkshakes.”?
“Yes,and
this
one
is
for
you!”
His
mouth
fell
open.“For
me?”
As
I
drove
off
I
could
see
him
in
my
mirror
just
standing
there, 14
from
ear
to
ear.?
It’s
not
the
amount
that
matters
but
the
thought
and 15
that
often
have
the
greatest
impact
upon
those
you
love.?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。加油站的小伙子加油时为作者擦洗、检查车;指路时不忘提醒作者小心停车。
1.A.restaurant
B.station
C.store
D.library
答案B
解析根据下文的“Then
I
12
back
to
the
station.”可知,选B项。?
2.A.started
B.changed
C.repaired
D.parked
答案D
解析根据第二段的“A
full
tank
of
gas,please.”可知,作者是要加油,因此要先停车。
3.A.smile
B.laugh
C.comfort
D.gift
答案A
解析根据下文可知,这位小伙子的服务态度是真诚的、发自内心的、热情的,所以他面带微笑。
4.A.prepared
B.asked
C.eager
D.angry
答案A
解析根据下文“In
this
day
and
age
of
self-service”可知,我没有料到接下来发生的事。be
prepared
for“期待,想到”。
5.A.counted
B.covered
C.checked
D.fixed
答案C
解析“检查”最合情理。
6.A.belt
B.floor
C.chair
D.window
答案D
解析根据sunroof活动顶板,可知小伙子在擦洗汽车车窗。
7.A.whispering
B.whistling
C.speaking
D.waving
答案B
解析小伙子工作是快乐的,能与前面的singing相对应的就是“边唱边哼”。
8.A.cheerful
B.grateful
C.hopeful
D.fearful
答案A
解析根据上一题的分析可知,小伙子工作是欢乐的。
9.A.books
B.milkshakes
C.clothes
D.mirrors
答案B
解析根据下文“As
I
got
to
the
ice
cream
store
I
ordered
two
milkshakes.”可知。
10.A.latest
B.funniest
C.nearest
D.ugliest
答案C
解析句意:你能告诉我最近的冰激凌店在哪吗?
11.A.place
B.road
C.village
D.direction
答案D
解析根据上一题的分析可知,小伙子指明了准确的方位。
12.A.ran
B.drove
C.walked
D.came
答案B
解析根据上文小伙子的提醒可知,作者是开车去的,开车回来是最合理的。
13.A.receive
B.accept
C.visit
D.greet
答案D
解析根据下一句可知,小伙子出来迎接我。
14.A.laughing
B.glaring
C.grinning
D.staring
答案C
解析进一步描写小伙子的满足感——咧着嘴笑。
15.A.care
B.respect
C.help
D.attention
答案A
解析小伙子有两件事感动了作者:加油时为作者擦洗、检查车;指路时不忘提醒作者小心停车。小伙子做的这两件事不是他职责范围内的,而是真心为别人考虑,关心他人。他的行动得到了作者的真心回报。(共20张PPT)
单元重点小结
主题语境人与自我 做人与做事
语音知识表达兴趣
重点词汇
1.determined
adj.坚定的,坚决的
be
determined
to
do
sth坚决要做某事(状态)
determine
v.决定,确定;下决心
determine
sb
to
do
sth使某人决定做某事
determine
to
do
sth决定做某事
(强调动作,是非延续性动词短语)
determine+疑问词+to
do
sth决心……做某事
determination
n.决心,果断 a
man
of
determination有决断力的人
2.committed
adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的 commit
v.做出(错的或非法的事);犯(罪或错等)
commit
a
mistake犯错 commit
crime犯罪 commitment
n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺
make
a
commitment做出承诺
3.appreciative
adj.感激的 appreciate
vt.鉴赏;感激
appreciate
doing
sth欣赏/感激做某事 appreciate
English
poetry欣赏英文诗
appreciate
good
food品尝美食 appreciate
one’s
friendship珍视某人的友谊
appreciate
one’s
help谢谢某人的帮助 appreciation
n.评价;鉴赏(力)
4.make
sense有意义;解释得通 make
sense
of弄懂……的意思;理解
in
a
sense在某种意义上;在某种程度上 in
no
sense决不
there’s
no/little
sense
in
doing
sth做某事没有意义
5.injury
n.伤,损害 injured
adj.受伤的 the
injured伤员
be
badly/seriously/severely/slightly
injured受伤严重/轻微
6.employee
n.雇员 employ
vt.使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于 n.雇佣,受雇
in
the
employ
of...受雇于…… employed
workers在职职工;在岗职工
employment
n.职业;雇用;使用 in
employment在工作
employment
rate就业率;雇用率 employer
n.雇主
7.fortune
n.大笔的钱,巨款 be
in
good
/bad
fortune运气好/坏
have
good
/bad
fortune运气好/坏 make
a
/one’s
fortune发财致富
seek
one’s
fortune找出路 try
one’s
fortune碰运气
fortunate
adj.幸运的 unfortunate
adj.不幸的
fortunately
adv.幸好;幸运的是 unfortunately
adv.不幸的是
8.get
on发迹;出人头地 get
on/along
well
with
sth某事进展顺利 get
on/along
well
with
sb与某人相处融洽
get
across被理解,使人了解 get
by勉强度日;勉强及格 get
down
to
doing
sth静下心来做某事(to是介词)
get
in收获;把……收起来 get
off下(车、飞机等) get
out
of逃避;避免
get
over做完;克服 get
rid
of除掉,摆脱 get
through接通(电话);完成;通过
get
together聚会 get
up起床;起身
9.guilty
adj.内疚的,羞愧的 be
guilty
of犯有……罪行
be/feel
guilty
about对……感到愧疚 have
a
guilty
conscience问心有愧;
做贼心虚
guilt
n.罪行;内疚 a
sense
of
guilt负罪感;内疚感
10.comfortably
adv.舒服地,舒适地
comfort
vt.安慰;慰问;使……安逸/舒适 n.安慰;慰问;安逸,舒适
comfort
sb安慰某人 comfort...with...以……安慰;使……舒适
be
a
comfort
to
sb对某人来说是个安慰(抽象名词具体化)
in
comfort舒服地 take/have/draw
comfort
from...从……中得到慰藉
give
sb
comfort
=
give
comfort
to
sb安慰某人(=comfort
sb)
comfortable
adj.舒适的,(人)安逸的
be
comfortable
about/with
sth对某事感到轻松/惬意
make
oneself
comfortable请随意,不用拘束;让自己舒服
uncomfortable
adj.不舒服的,不安逸的
discomfort
n.不舒服;不安 uncomfortably
adv.不舒适地
11.drop
out退出,脱离;辍学 drop
out
of退出 drop
back/behind后退;落后;落在……后面
drop
off打盹;小睡;减少;下降;中途下客或卸货 drop
in
on
sb顺便拜访某人 drop
in/by顺便拜访
drop
in
at
sp顺便到访某地 drop
sb
a
line/note寄,送,写(信)
12.influential
adj.有影响力的 influence
v.影响;感染 n.影响力;影响;权势;势力;有影响的人(或事物)
have
an
influence
on/upon对……有影响
13.devote
v.把……献给;专心致力于…… devote
to致力于
devote
oneself
to献身于……;专心于……
devote
one’s
time/life/energy
to致力于
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth献身于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
devotion
n.挚爱,关爱,关照;奉献 devoted
adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
14.reject
v.拒绝接受 reject
an/one’s
offer
of
sth拒绝别人提供的某物
reject
an
appeal驳回上诉
reject
a
gift/an
opinion/a
suggestion/an
invitation拒绝接受礼物/意见/建议/邀请
rejection
n.拒绝
rejected
adj.被拒绝的
15.limit
v.限制,限定 n.限制,限定;界限;限度
go
beyond/over
the
limit超过限度
within
limits在一定程度内 set
a
limit
to
sth对某事(物)加以限制 limit...to...把……限定在……范围内 limited
adj.有限(制)的
be
limited
to
sth受限于某事
16.convince
v.使确信;使信服 convince
sb
of
sth使某人相信某事
convince
sb
to
do
sth说服某人做某事
convince
sb+that从句
使某人确信……
convinced
adj.坚定不移的;有坚定信仰的
be
convinced
of
sth/that相信…… convincing
adj.令人信服的
17.ruin
v.糟蹋;毁坏 n.毁灭;废墟(常用复数),遗迹;残余
in
ruins成为废墟
bring
sb
to
ruin使某人失败;
使倾家荡产
bring
ruin
upon
oneself自取灭亡
come/fall/go
to
ruin毁灭,灭亡;
崩溃;
破坏掉
be
the
ruin
of成为……毁灭/堕落的原因
ruin
oneself毁掉自己
18.sacrifice
n.牺牲;祭品;供奉 v.牺牲;供奉;
献祭 sacrifice...for为……而牺牲……
at
the
sacrifice
of以……为代价 make
a
sacrifice
for为……付出代价
19.countless
adj.无数的,数不尽的 count
vt.计算;
认为 vi.(按顺序)数数;重要 n.数出总数;
论点,观点
count
on依靠;
依赖 countable
adj.可数的
20.boil
v.(使)沸腾,煮沸;激动 boil
down
to
sth归结为;要点是
boil
away消气;沸腾 boil
down煮浓
21.stay
in待在家里;固定……位置上不动;(火焰)继续燃烧
stay
at停留在……;住在……
stay
away
(from)离开,缺席 stay
out在户外
22.apply
oneself
to
sth努力;专心致志于某事
apply
vt.涂,敷;应用,运用;(后常接oneself)使致力(于),使专心从事 vi.申请;应用,使用;适用
apply
for申请,请求 apply
(to
sb)
for...(向某人)申请……
apply...to...把……运用到……中去;将……涂抹到……上面
applicant
n.申请人 applied
adj.应用的;实用的
applied
science应用科学 application
n.申请;应用
23.apart
adj./adv.分开;散开 apart
from除……之外
fall
apart土崩瓦解 far/wide
apart离得很远
joking
apart别说笑话;
认真地说;
说正经的
set/lay/put
sth
apart
for...把(某物)留出,拨出(专用)
take...apart把……拆开 tell...apart区分;
分辨(两种事物)
24.average
adj.平庸的,普通的;平凡的 n.平均水平;平均数;平均,均分
on
(an/the)
average平均
with
an
average
of平均为
above
average在一般水平以上,中上;
在平均数以上
below
average在一般水平以下,中下;
在平均数以下
be
up
to
the
average达到一般水平
25.normal
adj.正常的,平常的
26.recognised
adj.公认的;经过检验的
It
is
generally
recognised
that...人们公认……
recognise
v.辨认出;承认,认可
recognise
sb/sth
by/from...根据/通过……认出某人/某物,辨别出某人/某物
recognise
sb/sth
as/to
be承认,认可,把某人/某物认作
be
recognised
as被公认为/承认是…… recognise
that...承认……,意识到……
recognition
n.认出;认可 out
of/beyond
recognition认不出来
27.contribute
v.捐献;促成 contribute
to对……做出贡献;投入……;促成;有助于(to是介词)
contributor
n.投稿者;捐助者 contribution
n.贡献,捐献,捐助;稿件
make
a
contribution
to
(doing)为……做出贡献(to是介词)
28.retire
v.退休,退职 retire
from从……退休/退出
retire
on退休后靠……(生活)
retire
to退休后去往 retirement
n.退休;退役
29.advanced
adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的 advance
n.前进;提升
make
(an)
advance取得进步 in
advance事先,提前
in
advance
of在……前面;在……之前 advance
vt.&vi.前进;提前
advance
the
friendly
relations
between...增进……间的友好关系
advance
the
growth
of...促进……的生长
advanced
adj.高级的,高等的,先进的 advancement
n.发展
30.reference
n.推荐信;谈到,提及 in/with
reference
to关于
refer
v.把……提交;把……归因;归类;参考;谈及;咨询
refer
to...as...把……称作 refer...to...把……提交给……
refer
to查阅;提到;涉及
31.discipline
n.自制力 vt.惩罚;处罚
32.fashion
n.时尚 after
a
fashion勉强,不很好
come
into
fashion流行,入时
in
fashion流行的 in
the
fashion
of
sb像……一样;模仿……
33.designer
n.设计师,设计者 design
vt.&
n.设计;图案;构思;计划
design...for...为……而设计……
be
designed
for/to
do旨在;打算被用来做
by
design
=
on
purpose故意地;蓄意地
34.promotion
n.提升,晋升 promote
vt.促进;提升;促销
promote
sb
(from...)
to...把某人(从……)提升到……
promote
products促销产品
promote
world
peace促进世界和平
重点句型
1.He
was
tired
of
being
regarded
as
living
a
successful
life,as
a
person
who
had
everything
while
many
people
had
nothing.他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活,被认为是一个拥有一切的人,而很多人却一无所有。(P31)
2.Whenever
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people
in
the
streets
of
local
areas.无论什么时候只要他有两千多美元,他就会在当地街道上向无家可归的人分发小面额的钞票。(P31)
3.As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
there
is
a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.作为一名奥运选手,我错过了生日派对,破坏了家庭假日,错过了夜晚外出,但我有充分的理由放弃这么多。(P36)
4.I
could
have
become
angry
or
defensive.我本可以变得愤怒或为自己辩护。(P36)
5.He
had
a
good
job
and
a
life
there,but
he
gave
it
all
up
to
return
to
home,driven
by
the
idea
that
he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.他在那里有一份好工作,过着舒适的生活,但他为了回家而放弃了一切,因为他认为自己需要为国家做出贡献。(P43)
6.Rowling’s
first
novel
was
rejected
by
12
publishers
before
it
was
finally
published,yet
paradoxically,it
was
this
experience
that
helped
her
to
succeed...罗琳的第一部小说在最终出版前被十二家出版商拒绝,然而矛盾的是,正是这段经历帮助她获得了成功……(P44)
重点语法
动词-ing形式
1.动词-ing形式作主语、宾语或表语
Seeing
it
once
is
better
than
being
told
100
times.百闻不如一见。
I’m
sorry
for
having
kept
you
waiting
so
long.对不起让你久等了。
My
job
is
teaching.我的工作是教书。
2.动词-ing形式作状语、定语、宾语补足语
Not
having
received
any
reply,he
decided
to
write
again.没有收到回复,他决定再写一封信。
The
question
being
discussed
at
the
meeting
now
is
very
important.正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。
I
can
see
some
kids
playing
on
the
playground.我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。
冠词
1.不定冠词a/an的用法
You
can
buy
second-hand
books
at
a
low
price
in
one
of
our
school
societies.你可以在我校一个社团低价买到二手书。
2.定冠词the的主要用法
For
one
thing,
it’s
against
the
rules
of
the
school.首先,这违反学校规定。
3.零冠词
Shall
we
go
to
visit
our
former
teacher
on
Teachers’
Day?教师节那天我们去拜访以前的老师,好吗?UNIT
2
SUCCESS
Section
B LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We
would
have
won
the
(冠军称号)
if
we
hadn’t
taken
it
easy.?
答案championship
2.The
patient’s
immune
system
(排斥)
the
transplanted
organ.?
答案rejected
3.Recently,I
began
following
my
dream
of
(激发的)
others.?
答案motivating
4.The
advertisement
is
not (令人信服的).?
答案convincing
5.We
should
all (努力)
to
reunify
the
motherland.?
答案strive
6.Xie
Lei’s
preparation
course
is
helping
her
to
get
used
to
the
(学术的)
requirements
of
a
Western
university.?
答案academic
7.If
she
loses
the
court
case
it
will (毁坏)her.?
答案ruin
8.Let’s (跳过)over
this
page
and
come
to
Page
55.?
答案skip
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.He
is
an
(influence)
figure
in
the
early
20th-century.?
答案influential
2.Corn
(produce)
has
jumped
nearly
125
percent
over
the
past
25
years,while
rice
has
increased
only
7
percent.?
答案production
3.Several
(publish)
are
competing
in
the
same
market.?
答案publishers
4.Our
life
has
a
limit,but
knowledge
is
(limit).?
答案limitless
5.You
must
reject
(distract)
and
concentrate
on
your
work
at
hand.?
答案distraction
6.Silence
may
be
viewed
by
some
cultural
groups
as
(extreme)
uncomfortable.?
答案extremely
7.Our
troops
took
up
(defend)
positions
on
high
ground
overlooking
the
river.?
答案defensive
8.Those
who
refuse
to
take
that
risk
(selfish)
make
others
suffer.?
答案selfishly
9.There
are
(count)
types
of
medical
insurance
offered
to
the
students.?
答案countless
10.I
sent
a
letter
of
(apply)
last
week,but
I
haven’t
received
a
reply
so
far.?
答案application
Ⅲ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1.The
common
cold
is
a
good
example:women,
average,get
fewer
colds
than
men.?
答案on
2.Apart
that,there
were
all
sorts
of
disasters.?
答案from
3.“I
think
I’ll
stay ,”Roger
said,“I
may
lie
around
and
read.”?
答案in
4.Most
of
the
crimes
may
boil
down
a
question
of
money.?
答案to
5.But
we
failed
to
convince
him
his
mistake.?
答案of
6.There,a
big
memorial
has
been
built
in
honour
of
him,who
devoted
himself
the
poor.?
答案to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.虽然这样的举止未免有些奇怪,但却有其相当充分的理由。
Strange
as
this
behaviour
may
be,
it.?
答案there
is
a
good
reason
for
2.我们正忙着为这次考试做准备。
We
ready
for
this
exam.?
答案are
busy
getting
3.不管谁指出我们的缺点,我们都改正。
points
out
our
shortcomings,we
will
correct
them.?
答案No
matter
who
4.即使明天下雨,他们也要去游览。
it
should
rain
tomorrow,they
will
go
for
an
outing.?
答案Even
if/though
5.我们宁愿女儿留在家里和我们在一起,但这是她的选择,她不再是一个孩子了。
We
our
daughter
stayed
at
home
with
us,but
it
is
her
choice,and
she
is
not
a
child
any
longer.?
答案would
rather
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:记叙文
A
woman
in
Pulaski,Virginia,says
she
was
stopped
by
a
squirrel,who
pulled
on
her
leg
repeatedly
and
led
her
to
help
its
injured
baby.
Tia
Powell
was
walking
in
Kiwanis
Park
when
she
was
“approached
by
a
squirrel”,the
Pulaski
Police
Department
wrote
on
Facebook.The
squirrel
stood
in
her
way
on
the
path.After
realising
that
the
squirrel
did
not
mean
any
harm
and
wasn’t
going
to
leave
her
side,Powell
turned
around
and
the
squirrel
led
her
down
the
path
to
a
baby
squirrel
with
an
injured
leg.
At
one
point,Powell
wasn’t
sure
she
could
help
and
she
began
walking
and
the
squirrel
followed
her
again
and
actually
pulled
her
trouser
leg!So,she
fed
the
squirrels
a
sandwich
she
had
with
her
and
watched
them
try
to
jump
up
into
a
tree.When
she
realized
the
baby
squirrel
was
still
struggling
to
get
up
the
tree,she
decided
to
call
in
backup.Powell
called
the
Pulaski
Police
Department.
Powell
didn’t
know
how
the
baby
squirrel
got
injured,but
she
thought
a
nearby
street
cat
was
the
culprit
(肇事者).So,the
group
of
rescuers
decided
to
move
the
squirrels
to
a
safer
area.“We
were
able
to
get
the
baby
and
mother
to
a
different
area
with
more
trees
and
it
was
able
to
climb
all
the
way
up
and
they
looked
very
happy,”
Powell
said.
She
went
back
a
few
days
later
to
show
her
kids
where
it
all
went
down.In
the
trees,Powell
spotted
two
squirrels
staring
at
her,and
couldn’t
help
but
wonder
if
they
were
the
same
squirrels
she
rescued.
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文。作者讲述了一只松鼠向她求助,然后她去救助小松鼠的爱心故事,松鼠身上体现出了母爱的伟大,作者呼吁人们要关爱动物。
1.Why
did
the
squirrel
stop
Tia
Powell?
A.To
attack
her
side.
B.To
save
its
baby.
C.To
ask
her
the
way.
D.To
pull
her
trousers.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“stop”可定位到第一段最后一句“to
help
its
injured
baby”可知,松鼠拦住作者的目的就是要作者去救助受伤的小松鼠。故正确答案为B项。
2.What
did
Tia
Powell
do
after
feeding
the
squirrels?
A.Turned
and
walked
away.
B.Helped
them
into
a
tree.
C.Left
a
sandwich
for
them.
D.Reported
them
to
the
police.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“she
fed
the
squirrels
a
sandwich
she
had
with
her
and
watched
them
try
to
jump
up
into
a
tree.When
she
realized
the
baby
squirrel
was
still
struggling
to
get
up
the
tree,she
decided
to
call
in
backup”可知,在用三明治喂过小松鼠后,作者看到小松鼠依然不能上树,故决定报警。故正确答案是D项。
3.Who
did
Powell
think
injured
the
baby
squirrel?
A.The
baby
squirrel
itself.
B.The
mother
squirrel.
C.A
street
cat.
D.Tia
Powell’s
kid.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“she
thought
a
nearby
street
cat
was
the
culprit”可知,Powell认为肇事元凶是流浪猫。故正确答案为C项。
4.How
did
the
squirrel
feel
after
getting
rescued?
A.Cheerful.
B.Doubtful.
C.Sensitive.
D.Unhappy.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“they
looked
very
happy”可知,两只松鼠应该是开心的。故正确答案是A项。
Ⅵ.七选五
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:说明文
1 .When
we
meet
with
something
we’re
not
familiar
with
or
something
frightening,our
brain
and
body
start
making
changes
to
help
prepare
us
for
the
unknown.Dr.Kerr
says,“For
some
people,choosing
to
be
scared
can
be
fun.”?
What
good
is
fear?
2 .It
tells
a
person
to
hide,run
away,or
defend
oneself.Faster
heartbeat
and
breathing
send
more
blood
and
oxygen
to
the
muscles
so
they
are
ready
when
they
are
needed.Stress
chemicals
can
make
a
person
more
alert.?
Our
memories
also
help
protect
us.We
keep
a
close
eye
on
babies
because
they
don’t
understand
what
might
hurt
them.As
babies
grow,they
learn
what’s
unsafe,and
their
brains
store
those
memories.Then
their
brains
use
fear
to
warn
them
of
dangers.“We
don’t
want
to
be
fearless,”Dr.Kerr
says.“ 3 !”?
Too
much
can
be
harmful
Experiences
can
lead
to
long-lasting
fears
that
may
stop
a
person
from
trying
new
things.We’re
born
with
the
ability
to
feel
fear,but
a
lot
of
what
we’re
afraid
of
is
learned.
“Being
afraid
doesn’t
mean
you’re
weak,”
Dr.Kerr
says.A
long-lasting
fear
can
mean
you’ve
had
a
bad
experience,and
your
brain
doesn’t
want
you
to
have
it
again. 4 .Other
people
may
have
no
special
fear
of
dogs
but
may
be
afraid
of
other
things,such
as
heights,snakes,or
spiders.?
How
to
feel
less
afraid
Many
people
have
beat
their
own
fears.Here
is
one
method:Instead
of
listening
to
their
imagination,they
learn
the
facts
about
anything
that
seems
scary. 5 .?
Dr.Kerr
grew
up
on
a
farm.As
a
seven-year-old,she
was
scared
of
black
bears
in
the
woods.Later,she
read
about
them.“
Understanding
the
facts
gave
me
a
sense
of
confidence,”she
says.“I
knew
for
sure
what
to
do
if
I
ever
met
with
a
bear
and
how
to
protect
myself.”
A.Knowledge
can
help
a
person
feel
less
afraid
B.Being
scared
is
not
always
a
bad
thing
C.Fear
is
a
tool
that
brain
uses
to
keep
the
body
safe
D.That
is
why
our
brain
works
faster
in
time
of
danger
E.It
is
good
to
have
a
healthy
sense
of
what’s
dangerous
F.Some
people
are
scared
to
death
by
his
own
shadow
at
night
G.If
a
dog
bit
someone,that
person
might
feel
afraid
of
all
dogs
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章主要说明我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时会恐惧,恐惧并不总是坏事。但太多的恐惧可能有害。因此有时我们要克服自己的恐惧,不要想象恐惧的事,还要了解恐惧的原因,用知识减少恐惧。
1.B 根据空格后的内容“When
we
meet
with
something
we’re
not
familiar
with
or
something
frightening,our
brain
and
body
start
making
changes
to
help
prepare
us
for
the
unknown.”“For
some
people,choosing
to
be
scared
can
be
fun.”可知,当我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时,我们的大脑和身体开始做出改变。对一些人来说,选择被吓到可能是有趣的。可知,本空格是说恐惧并不总是坏事。分析选项可知B项符合题意,故选B项。
2.C 根据上句的问题“What
good
is
fear?”可知,本空格是回答这个问题的。分析选项可知C项正是对此问题的回答。放入句中,与文意一致,故选C项。
3.E 分析空格前本段内容可知,恐惧会告诉人们躲藏、逃跑或自卫,心跳和呼吸加快会向肌肉输送更多的血液和氧气。对于恐惧的记忆也有助于保护我们。大脑利用储存的恐惧来提醒人们有危险。正如克尔博士说的我们不想无所畏惧。因此本空格是对前面内容的总结,即“对于危险是什么要有一个正确的认识”。分析选项可知E项符合题意,故选E项。
4.G 由空格前“A
long-lasting
fear
can
mean
you’ve
had
a
bad
experience,and
your
brain
doesn’t
want
you
to
have
it
again.”
以及空格后“Other
people
may
have
no
special
fear
of
dogs
but
may
be
afraid
of
other
things,such
as
heights,snakes,or
spiders.”可知,空格处可能与狗有关。分析选项可知G项与狗有关。把G项放入空格处,意义一致。故选G项。
5.A 由本空格所在的小标题“How
to
feel
less
afraid”可知,小标题以下的内容就是对这个问题的回答。分析选项可知A项就是对这个问题的一个回答。故选A项。
Ⅶ.完形填空
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:记叙文
Thousands
of
runners
gather
for
the
annual
Marathon.The
largest
holiday
race
in
California 1
folks
of
all
ages,sizes,shapes,and
2 .The
gun
goes
off
and
runners
push
for
position.I
just
3
at
the
new
day
and
feel
righteous
for
having
gotten
up
and
down
to
the
event.?
Before
long,my 4
turns
to
depression
as
the
seven-year-old
passes
me
by.Elvis
has
already
5
the
turn
way
before
me
and
I
fall
behind
a
woman.The
sense
of
6
heats
up
and
so
does
my
7 .I
forget
that
I
already
run
many
miles
and
have
4.2
miles
left
to
8 .The
runners
around
me
set
my
pace.?
Suddenly,as
I
make
the
turn,I
am 9 by
an
overwhelming
sight.Facing
me,arms
pumping
runs
a
young
man
with
one
leg
10
in
the
sun.The
metal
leg
is
11
to
his
thigh.He
is
unaware
of
anyone
who
passes
him.He
is
running
his
own
12
at
his
own
pace.?
I
slow
down
and
take
his
lesson.I
finish
despite
the 13
in
my
knee.Well
behind
the
7-year-old.Ahead
of
the
shiny
bodied
teenager.It
doesn’t
matter.It
is
my
race,at
my
pace.?
How
many
times
do
we
let
others 14
the
pace, 15
our
own
goals,our
abilities?How
many
times
do
we
judge
our
success
or
our
failure
by
what
others
have
done??
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者参加一场马拉松比赛,由此想到生活中,要根据自己的目标和能力设定自己的生活节奏。
1.A.impresses
B.influences
C.attracts
D.directs
答案C
解析马拉松这个最大的节日活动应该是吸引了各种各样的人。
2.A.standards
B.abilities
C.grades
D.results
答案B
解析文章中谈到了几个不同的人,有不同的能力,因而速度就不同。
3.A.grin
B.glare
C.stare
D.laugh
答案A
解析根据下文可知,作者自己能早起参加这个比赛心情非常舒畅。
4.A.excitement
B.righteousness
C.warmth
D.hotness
答案A
解析此处应该填一个与后面的depression相对应的词。
5.A.walked
B.missed
C.made
D.disturbed
答案C
解析一个七岁的孩子跑到了我的前面并转了弯。
6.A.competitiveness
B.honour
C.responsibility
D.humour
答案A
解析小孩子都跑到了前面,作者觉得不好意思,一股竞争的意识在内心升起。
7.A.friend
B.companion
C.balloon
D.pace
答案D
解析根据下文中按自己的节奏跑自己的比赛可知,选D项。
8.A.go
B.run
C.leave
D.come
答案A
解析固定用法。表示“余下的”。故选A项。
9.A.worried
B.proud
C.struck
D.satisfied
答案C
解析有个残疾人按自己的节奏跑着比赛,这个情景让作者感到震惊,并猛然提醒了作者。
10.A.glancing
B.gleaming
C.flashing
D.glittering
答案D
解析根据后面可知这条腿装上了金属的假肢,因此在阳光里“闪闪发光”。
11.A.adjusted
B.attached
C.turned
D.prayed
答案B
解析这条金属腿是假肢,是连在大腿上的。故选B项。
12.A.adventure
B.match
C.destination
D.race
答案D
解析根据13空后的“It
is
my
race,at
my
pace”可知。故选D项。
13.A.suffering
B.fear
C.pain
D.strength
答案C
解析按照自己的节奏,作者完成了任务,尽管膝盖有点痛,这是长跑的自然结果。
14.A.define
B.set
C.give
D.claim
答案B
解析此处是作者升华主题,发出感想。set
the
pace“设定节奏”。
15.A.ignoring
B.losing
C.missing
D.forgetting
答案A
解析生活中,我们往往由别人设定节奏,忽视自己的目标和能力。
Ⅷ.语篇填空
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:记叙文
(2020河北邯郸高二上学期期末)
A
college
student
who
shows
great
courage
in
fighting
severe
kidney
(肾脏)
disease
while
following
his
dreams
in
scientific
1 (invent)
has
inspired
many
people.?
Zou
Yongsong,27,is
a
student
at
Changsha
University
of
Science
&
Technology
in
Changsha,Hunan
Province.At
2
age
of
four,Zou
caught
a
high
fever,and
poor
medical
treatment
in
the
village
left
his
kidneys
3
(serious)
damaged.Since
then
he
has
suffered
kidney
problems
and
has
had
to
take
medicine
daily
4
(fight)
the
disease.?
Though
he
suffered
the
pain
5 (bring)
by
the
disease,he
didn’t
give
up
attending
school.After
years
of
hard
work,Zou
6 (admit)
to
Guangdong
University
of
Petrochemical
Technology.In
2017
his
condition
became
7
(bad)
and
he
had
to
receive
dialysis
(透析)
treatment.However,the
physical
suffering
did
not
stop
him
8
(dream)
of
a
career
in
science.Even
during
his
stay
in
hospital,he
insisted
9 working
on
patent
(专利权)
applications.Over
the
last
two
years,six
of
his
patents
and
copyrights
have
been
approved.?
10 he
shows
courage
and
optimism
when
facing
difficulty
and
misfortune,Zou
was
awarded
the
Touching
Hunan
Award
in
November.?
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罹患严重肾病但是仍然坚持学习、科研的坚强大学生邹勇松的故事。
1.invention 考查名词。分析句子结构可知,应用名词作宾语,且此处表示发明创造的行为。故填invention。
2.the 考查冠词。
at
the
age
of“在……岁时”为固定用法。故填the。
3.seriously 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语,修饰过去分词
damaged,应使用副词。故填seriously。
4.to
fight 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并根据语境可知,空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to
fight。
5.brought 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处应用非谓语动词,且the
pain和bring之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。
6.was
admitted 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知,此处表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,且Zou与admit
之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填was
admitted。
7.worse 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知,此处表示“他的情况变得更差”,含有比较的意思。故填worse。
8.dreaming 考查非谓语动词。此处是stop
sb
(from)
doing
sth,表示“阻止某人做某事”。故填dreaming。
9.on 考查介词。insist
on“坚持”为固定用法。故填on。
10.For/Because/Since/As 考查连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,逗号前后为因果关系,空处引出原因,且空后为句子。故填For/Because/Since/As。(共105张PPT)
UNIT
2
SUCCESS
素养导航
主题语境——人与自我 做人与做事
Definition
of
Success
Success
is
the
status①
of
having
achieved
and
accomplished
an
aim
or
objective.Being
successful
means
the
achievement
of
planned
goals.
How
to
define②
success
in
life?
The
only
person
that
can
answer
the
question
above
is
you.I
am
neither
able
nor
willing
to
prescribe
the
definition
of
success,as
this
is
not
possible.Every
person
is
thinking
differently
about
being
prosperous③
in
life
and
is
defining
success
in
another
way,so
there
can’t
exist
a
definition
that
is
suitable
for④
all.It
is
very
important
that
you
know
exactly
how
to
define
success
in
life!Make
yourself
aware
what
accomplishment,success
and
prosperity
mean
to
you
in
your
life.Some
might
define
success
as
having
expensive
cars,whereas
others
consider
a
life
full
of
joy
and
happiness
with
their
family
as
the
true
meaning
of
success.
Once
you
have
figured
out⑤
what
is
important
for
you
personally
you
are
able
to
focus
on⑥
your
goals.?
The
meaning
of
success
One
of
the
most
important
key
steps
to
achieve
success
in
life
is
to
know
the
meaning
of
success
for
your
personal
life.The
true
meaning
of
success
goes
far
beyond⑦
the
common
definitions
of
success,such
as
having
a
lot
of
money
and
being
wealthy.Quite
the
opposite:true
success
in
life
cannot
be
measured
with
the
above
named
factors,but
instead
with
the
amount
of
people
that
are
able
to
live
a
better
and
more
advanced
life
because
of
what
you
created.This
is
the
meaning
of
success.Not
the
trophies
people
are
collecting
in
their
lives.Media
and
society
let
us
often
conclude
that
living
a
successful
life
means
to
be
extraordinarily⑧
wealthy.But
the
meaning
of
success
is
to
live
a
happy
life
and
to
make
this
world
a
better
place
for
everyone.
词海拾贝
①status
n.社会地位
②define
v.定义
③prosperous
adj.繁荣的;兴旺的
④be
suitable
for适合
⑤figure
out估算出
⑥focus
on集中精力于
⑦far
beyond远远超越
⑧extraordinarily
adv.特别地
典句欣赏
Some
might
define
success
as
having
expensive
cars,whereas
others
consider
a
life
full
of
joy
and
happiness
with
their
family
as
the
true
meaning
of
success.
译文:有些人可能会把成功定义为拥有昂贵的汽车,而另一些人则认为与家人在一起的生活充满了快乐和幸福,这才是成功的真正意义。
分析:这是一个并列句。句中由whereas连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中含有define...as...短语,第二个分句中含有consider...as...短语,两个短语都意为“把……看成……”。
理解诱思
In
the
author’s
opinion,what
does
success
really
mean?
答案:To
live
a
happy
life
and
make
this
world
a
better
place
for
everyone.
Section
A TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.persistent
adj.
?
2.astronaut
n. ?
3.optimistic
adj.
?
4.disciplined
adj.
?
5.millionaire
n. ?
6.professor
n. ?
7.symbol
n.
?
8.ultimate
adj.
?
9.dormitory=dorm
n.
?
10.furniture
n. ?
坚持的;执意的
宇航员
乐观的,乐观主义的
遵守纪律的
百万富翁
教授
象征,标志
最后的,最终的
寝室,学生宿舍
家具
11.
adj.坚定的,坚决的?
12.
adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的?
13.
adj.热心的,热衷的?
14.
adj.有抱负的,有雄心的?
15.
adj.感激的?
16.
adv.舒服地,舒适地?
17.
n.伤,损害?
18.
n.职业,事业?
19.
n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺?
20.
n.合作,协作?
21.
n.雇员?
22.
n.大笔的钱,巨款?
23.
vt.欣赏;赏识?
24.
n.饥饿,饥荒?
25.
adj.内疚的,羞愧的?
determined
committed
enthusiastic
ambitious
appreciative
comfortably
injury
career
commitment
cooperation
employee
fortune
appreciate
hunger
guilty
重点短语
1. 有意义;解释得通?
2.get
on ?
3. 退出,脱离;辍学?
4.turn
one’s
backs
on ?
make
sense
发迹;出人头地
drop
out
不理会
重点句式
1.He
was
tired
of
being
regarded
as
living
a
successful
life,as
a
person
who
had
everything
while
many
people
had
nothing.
2.Whenever
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people
in
the
streets
of
local
areas.
重点语法动词-ing形式
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P30-31文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.Some
millionaires
have
to
work
hard
to
avoid
losing
the
sense
of
success
they
have
achieved.
2.Sixteen
years
ago,Jason
was
a
poor
man
depending
on
charity
shops.
3.Living
the
lifestyle
of
a
rich
man
brought
Jason
happiness
and
a
sense
of
success
in
life.
4.Jason
gave
away
all
his
money
to
help
others
and
find
the
true
meaning
in
life.
5.Most
people
never
feel
they
have
earned
enough.
答案:
TFFTT
B.阅读P30-31文章,选出最佳选项。
1.What
should
you
do
to
keep
the
sense
of
achieved
success?
A.Dream
up
ways
of
getting
rich.
B.Become
a
millionaire
quickly.
C.Find
other
forms
of
success.
D.Work
hard
constantly.
2.What
does
Jason
like
to
do
in
his
spare
time
at
present?
A.Work
in
a
small
garden.
B.Give
classes
in
a
college.
C.Get
things
from
charity
shops.
D.Give
away
things
to
the
homeless.
答案:D
答案:A
3.Why
did
Jason
decide
to
live
simply?
A.He
had
nothing
but
money.
B.He
felt
guilty
to
be
a
poor
man.
C.There
were
so
many
poor
people.
D.Money
gave
him
anything
but
happiness.
答案:C
Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.By
and
by
the
boy
came
out,passed
Jimmy
again, (pretend)
not
to
see
him,and
went
on
his
way.?
2.Grandmother
went
on
talking
in
her
polite
Virginia
way, (not
admit)
their
severe
need
or
her
own
mistakes.?
3.
(wash)the
clothes,they
were
now
ready
to
eat.?
4.Unluckily
(find)
his
own
figure
in
the
glass,he
made
a
spring
over
the
tea
table.?
5.Mrs
Western
was
a
very
good-natured
woman,and
ordinarily
of
a
(forgive)
temper.?
6.She
began
counting
them, (remark)
that
they
were
much
slower
than
the
beatings
of
her
heart.?
pretending
not
admitting
Having
washed
finding
forgiving
remarking
7.
(contract)
with
them
to
do
the
repairs,we
cannot
withdraw
now.?
8.I
hate
to
hear
people
(argue),so
I’ll
decide
what
we
do
and
when
we
do
it.?
9.Anyone
(have)
difficulty
in
assembling
the
machine
is
advised
to
consult
our
engineers.?
10.
(not
have)
much
money,Mary
decided
to
thumb
a
ride
to
New
York.?
Having
contracted
arguing
having
Not
having
重点词汇
1.be
passionate
and
determined
about
what
you
do对你所做的事要充满激情和决心(P28)
【词汇精讲】determined用作形容词,意为“坚定的,坚决的”。
He
thought
of
his
bird
with
no
seeds
and
the
cake
he
wanted
to
buy
for
his
mother,but
was
determined
that
he
would
not
tell
a
lie.
他想到自己要给鸟儿买粮食(种子),还要给母亲买蛋糕,但是转念一想,他还是决定不说谎。
【词汇拓展】
be
determined
to
do
sth坚决要做某事(状态)
determine
v.决定,确定;下决心
determine
sb
to
do
sth使某人决定做某事
determine
to
do
sth决定做某事
(强调动作,是非延续性动词短语)
determine+疑问词+to
do
sth决心……做某事
determination
n.决心,果断
a
man
of
determination有决断力的人
There
were
numerous
diving
spots
in
the
area
and
Larry
was
determined
to
visit
all
of
them.
这个地方有数不清的潜水点,拉里下决心去参观所有这些地方。
My
experience
tells
me
that
it
is
not
what
you
are
given
but
how
you
make
use
of
it
that
determines
who
you
are.
我的经验告诉我,决定你是谁的,不是你被给予了什么,而是你如何利用它。
With
the
internet,parents
cannot
check
a
published
guide
to
determine
what
is
suitable
for
their
children
to
see.
由于有了互联网,家长们无法通过查阅已出版的指南来决定哪些内容适合孩子们观看。
【名师点津】
be
determined
(not)
to
do
sth
表示状态,是一种延续状态,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用,而determine
to
do
sth
表示动作,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:
He
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.(×)
He
was
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.(√)
【微写作】
Li
Ming
is
a
young
man
with
great
determination.He
determined
to
go
to
Tibet
after
graduation.Determined
never
to
come
back
before
he
could
make
a
big
fortune,he
left
home
without
saving
a
word.
李明是一个很有决心的年轻人。他决定毕业后去西藏。他决定在发大财之前绝不再回来,于是一句话也没说就离开了家。
2.committed
and
focused
尽心和专注(P28)
【词汇精讲】committed用作形容词,意为“坚定的;尽心尽力的”,还可以意为“忠诚的;献身于某种事业的”。
He
was
a
strongly
committed
comrade
of
the
Party.
他是一个对党非常忠诚的同志。
【词汇拓展】
commit
v.做出(错的或非法的事);犯(罪或错等)
commit
a
mistake犯错
commit
crime犯罪
commitment
n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺
make
a
commitment做出承诺
A
career
as
an
actor
requires
one
hundred
percent
commitment.
演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。
Achieving
success
at
this
level
requires
a
commitment
of
time
and
energy.
取得这种水平的成就需要花费时间和精力。
She
doesn’t
want
to
make
a
big
commitment
to
Steve
at
the
moment.
她不想在此刻对史蒂夫做出重大的承诺。
【微写作】
There
are
many
people
who
have
a
commitment
like
yours,but
they
do
not
believe
they
have
the
power
to
do
anything
to
improve
our
environment.
有很多人和你一样有这样的承诺,但他们不相信他们有能力做任何事情来改善我们的环境。
3.Well,being
grateful
means
you’re
always
appreciative
of
what
you
have
and
what
other
people
have
done
for
you.嗯,感恩意味着你总是感激你所拥有的和别人为你所做的。(P106)
【词汇精讲】在本句中appreciative用作形容词,意为“感激的”,还可以意为“有鉴识力的,有眼力的;赏识的,欣赏的”。
The
appreciative
audience
applauded.
有欣赏力的观众鼓了掌。
I
am
appreciative
of
her
kindness.
我感激她的善意。
【词汇拓展】
appreciate
vt.鉴赏;感激
appreciate
doing
sth欣赏/感激做某事
appreciate
English
poetry欣赏英文诗
appreciate
good
food品尝美食
appreciate
one’s
friendship珍视某人的友谊
appreciate
one’s
help谢谢某人的帮助
appreciation
n.评价;鉴赏(力)
Several
passengers
seemed
to
appreciate
what
I
did.
有几位乘客似乎很喜欢我做的一切。
I
started
to
appreciate
the
tough
choice
she
had
to
make
on
balancing
family
and
work.
我开始感激她为了平衡家庭和工作不得不做出的那个艰难决定。
【温馨提示】(1)appreciate后只跟动词-ing形式,不跟不定式,而且不能用人作宾语。如:
Thanks
for
your
help.We
did
appreciate
you.(误)
Thanks
for
your
help.We
did
appreciate
it.(正)
(2)appreciate后跟宾语从句的时候,要在宾语从句的前面加上形式宾语it。有类似用法的动词还有hate、dislike、love、like、depend
on等。如:
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
give
me
his
address.
如果你能把他的地址给我,我将感激不尽。
I
don’t
like
it
when
you
get
angry.
我不喜欢你生气的时候。
【微写作】
You
made
me
understand
that
life
is
all
about
appreciation
and
understanding
but
must
be
appreciated
first
before
understanding.你让我明白,生活就是欣赏和理解,但在理解之前必须先欣赏。
4.Yes,that
makes
a
lot
of
sense.是的,这很有道理。(P106)
【词汇精讲】在本句中make
sense意为“有意义;解释得通”。
See,your
computer
has
broken
down
again!It
doesn’t
make
sense
to
buy
the
cheapest
brand
of
computer
just
to
save
a
few
dollars.
看,你的电脑又坏了!仅仅为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑没有意义。
【词汇拓展】
make
sense
of弄懂……的意思;理解
in
a
sense在某种意义上;在某种程度上
in
no
sense决不
there’s
no/little
sense
in
doing
sth做某事没有意义
Not
until
he
explained
it
to
me
did
I
make
sense
of
what
he
said.
直到他向我解释,我才明白他说的话。
It
was
the
language
that
helped
shape
the
way
I
saw
things,expressed
ideas,and
made
sense
of
the
world.
是语言帮助塑造了我看事物、表达想法和理解这个世界的方式。
5.Despite
many
injuries
in
his
career,he
always
remained
determined
and
focused.尽管在他的职业生涯中多次受伤,他始终保持坚定和专注。(P106)
【词汇精讲】在本句中injury
用作名词,意为“伤,损害”。
She
still
suffers
considerable
discomfort
from
her
injury.
她因那次受伤至今仍感到极大的不适。
The
injury
to
their
key
player
could
be
a
decisive
factor
in
the
game.
他们的主力队员受伤可能是这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。
【词汇拓展】
injured
adj.受伤的
the
injured伤员
be
badly/seriously/severely/slightly
injured受伤严重/轻微
By
now
medical
staff
had
arrived,and
were
looking
after
the
injured
woman.
救护人员这时已经到了,正在照顾这位受伤的女士。
【词语辨析】wound、injure、hurt、damage与harm
这几个词均可表示“受伤”,但也有区别:
(1)wound指枪伤、刀伤、战场上的伤害等。如:
He
was
wounded
in
the
leg
in
that
battle.
在那场战役中他的腿受伤了。
(2)injure指车祸等意外事故使身体受伤害。如:
The
old
lady
was
badly
injured
in
the
accident.
那位老太太在事故中伤得不轻。
(3)hurt是普通用词,常指感情上的伤害。如:
What
he
said
hurt
my
feelings.
他所说的话伤害了我的感情。
(4)damage指意外事故,如水灾、火灾等带来的损失、损害。如:
The
car
was
badly
damaged
in
the
accident.
汽车在事故中遭到严重破坏。
(5)harm常用于口语,表示“对……有伤害”,特指伤害一个人或其心情、健康、权利、事业等。如:
Smoking
harms
people’s
health.
吸烟有害人们的健康。
6.In
some
companies,employees
can
work
from
home,or
the
park
or
anywhere
they
like.在一些公司,员工可以在家里、公园或任何他们喜欢的地方工作。
(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中employee
用作名词,意为“雇员”。
This
employee
was
fired
for
laziness.
这名雇员因为懒惰而被解雇。
【词汇拓展】
employ
vt.使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于 n.雇佣,受雇
in
the
employ
of...受雇于……
employed
workers在职职工;在岗职工
employment
n.职业;雇用;使用
in
employment在工作
employment
rate就业率;雇用率
employer
n.雇主
More
than
3,000
local
workers
are
employed
in
the
tourism
industry.
超过3
000名本地工人受雇于旅游业。
Your
time
could
be
usefully
employed
in
attending
night
classes.
你可以有效地利用时间来上夜课。
Men
and
women
must
be
treated
equally
in
education
and
employment.
在教育和就业方面,男性和女性必须被平等对待。
【微写作】
The
employer
decided
to
employ
Tom
as
her
secretary
and
she
hoped
to
have
a
talk
with
her
employees
before
he
came
to
work.老板决定雇用汤姆做她的秘书,她希望在他来上班前和雇员们谈一谈。
7.Sixteen
years
ago,Jason
was
a
college
professor
with
a
huge
six-bedroom
house
and
a
fortune
of
two
million
dollars.十六年前,杰森是一名大学教授,他有一幢有六间卧室的大房子,拥有两百万美元的财产。(P30)
【词汇精讲】在本句中fortune用作名词,意为“大笔的钱,巨款”,还可以意为“命运;运气”。
Everyone
is
the
architect
of
his
own
fortune.
每个人都是自己命运的创造者。
I
rate
his
fortune
at
$10,000.
我估计他有一万美元的财产。
Rebuilding
the
house
must
have
cost
the
family
a
large
fortune.
房子的重建肯定花了这家人一大笔钱。
【词汇拓展】
be
in
good
/bad
fortune运气好/坏
have
good
/bad
fortune运气好/坏
make
a
/one’s
fortune发财致富
seek
one’s
fortune找出路
try
one’s
fortune碰运气
fortunate
adj.幸运的
unfortunate
adj.不幸的
fortunately
adv.幸好;幸运的是
unfortunately
adv.不幸的是
These
two
brothers
decided
to
go
to
America
to
try
their
fortunes.
这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。
Unfortunately
for
him,his
parents
died
when
he
was
still
a
child.
不幸的是,他还是小孩时父母就去世了。
8.They
didn’t
have
the
chance
to
learn
and
get
on
in
life.他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中get
on意为“发迹;出人头地”,还可以意为“进行;变老;上车;对付”。
In
the
morning,all
the
girls
in
our
school
got
up
very
early
because
we
couldn’t
wait
to
get
on
the
bus.
早上我们学校所有的女生起得很早,因为我们迫不及待地想上公交车。
【词汇拓展】
get
on/along
well
with
sth某事进展顺利
get
on/along
well
with
sb与某人相处融洽
get
across被理解,使人了解
get
by勉强度日;勉强及格
get
down
to
doing
sth静下心来做某事(to是介词)
get
in收获;把……收起来
get
off下(车、飞机等)
get
out
of逃避;避免
get
over做完;克服
get
rid
of除掉,摆脱
get
through接通(电话);完成;通过
get
together聚会
get
up起床;起身
As
an
outgoing
girl,I
get
along
well
with
my
classmates.
我是个性格外向的女孩,与同学们处得很好。
They
wrote
to
tell
us
that
they
were
getting
on
well
with
the
autumn
harvest.
他们来信告诉我们,他们的秋收工作进展得很顺利。
I
cannot
think
how
they
will
get
through
the
time.
我不能想象,这段时间他们将怎样度过。
9.This
worried
me
a
lot
and
I
felt
very
guilty
being
a
rich
man
without
doing
anything.这让我很担心,我感到很内疚,作为一个富人,我什么都没做。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中guilty用作形容词,意为“内疚的,羞愧的”,还可以意为“有罪的”。
He
had
no
sense
of
shame
and
never
felt
guilty.
他毫无羞耻之心,因此从不觉得内疚。
【词汇拓展】
be
guilty
of犯有……罪行
be/feel
guilty
about对……感到愧疚
have
a
guilty
conscience问心有愧;
做贼心虚
guilt
n.罪行;内疚
a
sense
of
guilt负罪感;内疚感
He
doesn’t
feel
guilty
about
asking
his
staff
to
work
at
weekends.
他没有因为要求他的员工周末工作而感到内疚。
The
court
determined
that
the
man
was
guilty
of
drunken
driving.
法官判决那个人酒后驾车罪成立。
We
now
have
the
absolute
proof
of
his
guilt.
我们现在有他犯罪的确凿证据。
10.Most
people
believe
when
they
are
living
comfortably
and
earning
enough
money,they
will
have
no
worries.大多数人相信,当他们生活舒适,收入不菲,他们就会没有烦恼。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中comfortably
用作副词,意为“舒服地,舒适地”,还可以意为“容易地;充裕地”。
All
the
rooms
were
comfortably
furnished.
所有的房间都配置了舒适的家具。
He
can
comfortably
afford
the
extra
expense.
他支付这些额外的费用毫无问题。
They
are
comfortably
ahead
in
the
opinion
polls.
他们在民意测验中遥遥领先。
【词汇拓展】
comfort
vt.安慰;慰问;使……安逸/舒适 n.安慰;慰问;安逸,舒适
comfort
sb安慰某人
comfort...with...以……安慰;使……舒适
be
a
comfort
to
sb对某人来说是个安慰(抽象名词具体化)
in
comfort舒服地
take/have/draw
comfort
from...从……中得到慰藉
give
sb
comfort=
give
comfort
to
sb安慰某人(=comfort
sb)
comfortable
adj.舒适的,(人)安逸的
be
comfortable
about/with
sth对某事感到轻松/惬意
make
oneself
comfortable请随意,不用拘束;让自己舒服
uncomfortable
adj.不舒服的,不安逸的
discomfort
n.不舒服;不安
uncomfortably
adv.不舒适地
He
comforted
himself
with
the
thought
she
had
died
in
the
most
beautiful
part
of
the
country.
他安慰自己,认为她死在了这个国家最美丽的地方。
A
teenager
can
write
and
make
music
using
a
computer
programme
in
the
comfort
of
their
own
bedroom.
青少年可以在自己很舒服的卧室里使用电脑程序作曲和创作音乐。
【微写作】
These
new
shoes
are
not
very
comfortable
though
they
are
designed
for
comfort.这些新鞋虽然是为舒适而设计的,但并不很舒服。
11.Jason
Harley
decided
to
drop
out
of
this
kind
of
lifestyle,and
he
discovered
that
having
only
a
little
money
made
him
free.詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式,他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中drop
out意为“退出,脱离;辍学”。
My
friend
David
fell
down
near
the
finishing
line
and
injured
his
right
leg.As
a
consequence,
he
had
to
drop
out.
我的朋友戴维在接近终点线时摔倒了,伤了右腿。结果,他只好退赛。
【词汇拓展】
drop
out
of退出
drop
back/behind后退;落后;落在……后面
drop
off打盹;小睡;减少;下降;中途下客或卸货
drop
in
on
sb顺便拜访某人
drop
in/by顺便拜访
drop
in
at
somewhere顺便到访某地
drop
sb
a
line/note寄,送,写(信)
Buses
have
routes.They
pick
up
and
drop
off
people
at
different
stops
on
the
route.
巴士有路线。人们在沿途不同的站点上下车。
【名师点津】
drop
out是不及物动词词组,意为“退出,辍学”,如需加宾语,则加介词of。如:
Why
did
you
drop
out
in
the
middle
of
the
marathon?
为什么你在马拉松赛跑中途退出?
She
dropped
out
of
school
to
become
a
waitress.
她辍学去当女服务员。
重点句式
1.He
was
tired
of
being
regarded
as
living
a
successful
life,as
a
person
who
had
everything
while
many
people
had
nothing.他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活,被认为是一个拥有一切的人,而很多人却一无所有。(P31)
【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中who引导一个定语从句。while表示对比或转折,意为“而,然而”。此时,while一般位于句中。
The
physical
appearance
makes
a
good
impression
on
others
while
the
inner
beauty
will
be
remembered
forever.
外表(的美)能给人留下美好的印象,而内在的美会使人永远记住。
Her
singing
was
full
of
feelings;the
first
part
of
the
song
was
filled
with
anger,while
the
last
part
expressed
love
and
joy.
她的演唱感情丰富,歌曲的前半部分充满了愤怒,而后半部分却满怀爱意和快乐。
【句式拓展】
(1)while用作连词时,还可引导时间状语从句,意为“在……期间,与……同时”,从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如:
I
picked
up
some
French
words
while
I
was
having
a
holiday
in
Paris.
我在巴黎度假期间偶然学会了一些法语单词。
(2)while用作连词时,也可引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然”,此时while一般位于句首。如:
While
I
like
the
colour
of
the
hat,I
do
not
like
its
shape.
虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色,但我不喜欢它的形状。
While
I
understand
what
you
say,I
can’t
agree
with
you.
虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意。
2.Whenever
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people
in
the
streets
of
local
areas.无论什么时候只要他有两千多美元,他就会在当地街道上向无家可归的人分发小面额的钞票。(P31)
【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中whenever引导让步状语从句。whenever表示“在任何时候,无论什么时候”,相当于no
matter
when。
Whenever
you
go,
keep
in
touch
with
me,
please.
无论你何时去,请与我保持联络。
No
matter
when
you
work,you
can
always
find
time
to
study.
无论你在何时工作,你都能找到时间学习。
【句式拓展】
(1)wherever、whatever、whichever、whoever、however等可引导让步状语从句,可与no
matter
where/what/which/who/how互换。如:
Whenever/No
matter
when
she
comes,she
brings
a
friend.
她每次来都带个朋友。
Whoever/No
matter
who
wants
to
speak
to
me
on
the
phone,tell
them
I’m
busy.
不管谁要我接电话,都说我现在正忙着呢。
Whichever/No
matter
which
you
buy,there
is
a
six-month
guarantee.
不管你买哪个,都有六个月的保修期。
(2)whoever、whichever、whatever除了能引导让步状语从句外,也可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。注意:在引导名词性从句时,whoever、whichever、whatever不能用no
matter
who/which/what代替。如:
Tell
whoever
you
like—it
makes
no
difference
to
me.
你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁,对我来说无所谓。
重点语法
动词-ing形式
1.-ing形式作主语、宾语或表语
?
用法
例句
作主语
-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数
Seeing
it
once
is
better
than
being
told
100
times.百闻不如一见。
Learning
without
thinking
leads
to
confusion;thinking
without
learning
ends
in
danger.
学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
The
president’s
attending
the
meeting
himself
gave
them
a
great
deal
of
encouragement.
总统参会给他们巨大鼓舞。
Being
exposed
to
sunlight
for
too
much
time
will
do
harm
to
one’s
skin.长时间暴晒对皮肤有害。
?
用法
例句
作宾语
-ing既可以作介词的宾语也可以作动词的宾语
Have
you
considered
making
contributions
to
your
hometown
after
graduation?
你考虑过毕业后为家乡做贡献吗?
I’m
sorry
for
having
kept
you
waiting
so
long.对不起让你久等了。
Victor
apologised
for
his
not
being
able
to
inform
me
of
the
change
in
the
plan.
维克多因为没有通知我计划变更而道歉。
Nothing
can
stop
the
plan
from
being
carried
out.
什么也阻止不了这个计划的实施。
作表语
-ing形式作表语
时,有两种不同含义
My
job
is
teaching.我的工作是教书。(说明主语的内容)
The
news
is
exciting.这条新闻很振奋人心。(说明主语的性质)
比较:He
is
reading.他正在读书。(正在进行的动作)
注意:常见的后面接-ing形式作宾语的动词有:
动词
后接动词的形式
意义
finish,practice,enjoy,mind,avoid,
admit,appreciate,feel
like,suggest,stand,risk,consider,
escape,miss,delay,dislike,imagine,look
forward
to,insist
on,be
busy,can’t
help,get
down
to,be
worth
+doing
词义不变
动词
后接动词的形式
意义
continue,like,love,begin,
start,learn
+doing
意义基本相同
+to
do
go
on,remember,forget,regret,try,mean,stop
+doing
与已做的事有关
+
to
do
表示将来要做的事情
advise,allow,permit,forbid,encourage
+doing
“建议/允许/禁止/鼓励”做某事
+sb
to
do
sth
“建议/允许/禁止/鼓励”某人做某事
注意:有关-ing形式的句型:
spend
some
time(in)
doing
sth花时间做某事
have
fun/have
a
good
time/have
a
bad
time
doing
sth很(不)愉快做某事
have
(no)
difficulty(in)
doing
sth做某事(没)有困难
catch
sb
doing
sth捉住某人做某事
there
is
no
point
doing
sth做某事没有意义
there
is
no
denying
that...毋庸置疑……
it’s
no
use/good
doing
sth做某事没有用/没好处
be
worth
doing某事值得(被)做
be
busy
doing忙于做……
can’t
help
doing情不自禁做……
send
sb
doing...使得某人做……
sth
needs
doing某事需要被做
end
up
doing
sth结果做了某事
2.-ing形式作状语、定语、宾语补足语
-ing形式
用法
例句
作
状
语
doing
表示主动的动
作,可以表示原因、条件、伴随等。作结果状语时,表示顺理成章的结果
Finding
her
car
stolen,she
hurried
to
a
policeman
for
help.发现车被偷
了,她匆忙向警察求助。
He
ran
too
fast,falling
to
the
ground.
他跑得太快了,结果摔倒在地上。
Seeing
that
she
was
going
off
to
sleep,I
asked
if
she’d
like
that
little
doll
on
her
bed.
看到她要去睡觉,我问她是否喜欢她床上的小布娃娃。
-ing形式
用法
例句
作
状
语
having
done
表示主动,该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前
Not
having
received
any
reply,
he
decided
to
write
again.
没有收到回复,他决定再写一次。
Having
realised
that
I
could
use
a
kite
to
attract
lightning,I
decided
to
do
an
experiment.
意识到可以用风筝来吸引闪电,我决定做个实验。
having
been
done
表示被动、完成的动作
Having
been
separated
from
other
continents
for
millions
of
years,Australia
has
many
plants
and
animals
not
found
in
any
other
country
in
the
world.
与其他大陆分离了数百万年,澳大利亚有许多世界上其他国家没有的珍奇物种。
-ing形式
用法
例句
作
定
语
doing
表示主动的动作,如果是-ing短语,要置于所修饰的名词之后
—Did
you
enjoy
yourself
at
the
party?
聚会玩得高兴吗?
—Yes.I’ve
never
been
to
a
more
exciting
one
before.
是的,我从未去过比这更令人兴奋的聚会。
Reading
is
an
experience
quite
different
from
watching
TV;there
are
pictures
forming
in
your
mind
instead
of
before
your
eyes.
读书是与看电视很不相同的体验。图像在大脑中形成而不是在眼前。
The
flowers
smelling
sweet
in
the
botanic
garden
attract
the
visitors
to
the
beauty
of
nature.植物园里闻起来很香的花吸引游客来欣赏大自然的美。
-ing形式
用法
例句
作
定
语
being
done
作后置定语,表示被动且正在进行的动作
The
question
being
discussed
at
the
meeting
now
is
very
important.
正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。
-ing形式
用法
例句
作
宾
语
补
足
语
doing
表示主动或正在进行的动作。如果是被动语态,那么,宾语补足语就变成主语补足语
I
can
see
some
kids
playing
on
the
playground.
我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。
The
boy
who
was
caught
cheating
in
the
exam
will
be
punished.
考试作弊被抓的男生将受到惩罚。
注意:英语中有些动词既可以用-ing形式作宾语补足语,也可以用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但表达的意义有所不同。如see
sb
do
sth(看到某人做了某事,表示看到事情的全过程)和see
sb
doing
sth(看到某人正在做某事,表示看到的是正在发生的事情)。常见的用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词或动词短语有:feel、hear、notice、see、watch、observe、listen
to、look
at等。
3.-ing形式图示归纳
形式
所作句子成分
意义
(not)doing
主语、宾语、表语;
定语、状语、宾语补足语
主动
(not)having
done
宾语;状语
主动
being
done
主语、宾语;后置定语(表示正在被做)
被动
having
been
done
宾语;状语
被动
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.The
young
man
rose
and
returned
into
the
sitting
room,while
the
old
man,
again
(apologise),
left
by
another
door.?
答案:apologising
2.I
heard
my
parents
(quarrel)
in
the
bedroom
last
night.?
答案:quarrelling
3. (fail)my
French
exams,I
decided
to
concentrate
on
science
subjects.?
答案:Having
failed
4.You
should
know
your
own
faults
before
(blame)
others
for
theirs.?
答案:blaming
5.His
(amuse)
performance
caused
a
roar
of
laughter
from
the
audience.?
答案:amusing
6.He
managed
to
cash
in
only
after
(overcome)
one
difficulty
after
another.?
答案:overcoming
7.He
is
a
warm-hearted
man, (respond)
to
every
plea.?
答案:responding
8.I
do
not
say
more, (rely)
on
you
as
you
may
rely
on
me.?
答案:relying
9.He
injured
his
hand
while
(operate)
one
of
the
machine
tools
in
the
workshop.?
答案:operating
10.That
very
morning, (not
receive)
the
letter
she
awaited,
she
decided
to
come
back.?
答案:not
having
received
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.在长途旅行中,他表现出自己是一位风趣的旅伴。
On
the
long
journey
he
proved
himself
to
be
an
companion.
(amuse)?
答案:amusing
2.突然有一个穿制服的听差从树林里跑了出来。
Suddenly
a
footman
in
livery
came
out
of
the
wood.(run)?
答案:running
3.如果说有一样东西我不需要,那就是经过多年埋头苦干,我的斗志已经变得很薄弱,再经不起一点刺激。
If
there’s
one
thing
I
don’t
need,it’s
something
my
already-small
supply
of
motivation
after
years
of
hard
work.
(decrease)?
答案:decreasing
4.读完了第一页,她翻到第二页。
page
one,she
turned
over
to
page
two.(read)?
答案:Having
read
5.迟到没有好的借口,她就信口胡编了一个。
a
good
excuse
for
being
late,she
made
up
one.(not
have)?
答案:Not
having
6.他们一看见我们来了,掉头就跑。
As
soon
as
they
saw
us
,
they
turned
tail
and
ran.(come)?
答案:coming
7.经过彻底清扫之后,这座花园比以往任何时候都美。
,
the
garden
looked
more
beautiful
than
ever
before.(clean)?
答案:Having
been
thoroughly
cleaned
8.我是一个腼腆的人,对我而言营销是世界上最令人害怕的课程。
I
was
a
shy
person,and
the
thought
of
selling
was
the
most
subject
in
the
world.(frighten)?
答案:frightening
Ⅲ.用drop短语的适当形式填空
1.If
you
do
not
like
the
plan,
you
can
.?
答案:drop
out
2.The
boy
school
because
of
the
war.?
答案:dropped
out
of
3.The
number
of
students
because
of
the
low
birth
rate.?
答案:is
dropping
off
4.I
don’t
think
he
just
.He
came
on
purpose.?
答案:dropped
by/in
5.The
Smiths
some
old
friends
on
their
vacation
trip
to
New
York.?
答案:dropped
in
on
6.Do
if
you
happen
to
be
passing!?
答案:drop
in
Ⅳ.课文语篇填空
A
lot
of
people
define
success
as
becoming
1 millionaire.It
2
(take)
them
lots
of
time
and
energy
to
dream
3 ways
of
getting
rich
and
the
things
they
will
do
once
they
become
rich.In
reality,some
4
(millionaire)
still
worry
about
money
after
they
achieve
their
goals
and
get
rich.If
they
want
to
continue
their
5
(wealth)
life,
they
have
to
work
hard
6
(make)
money
to
ensure
the
sense
of
success
7
(achieve).It
is
believed
by
most
people
that
they
will
be
free
of
worries
and
live
8
(comfortable)
after
earning
enough
money.However,few
people
feel
they
9
(earn)
enough
money.There
are
other
forms
of
success
in
our
lives
10 it
is
the
true
meaning
of
life
not
how
much
money
you
have
that
defines
success.?
答案:1.a 2.takes 3.up 4.millionaires 5.wealthy 6.to
make 7.achieved 8.comfortably 9.have
earned 10.because
Ⅴ.概要写作
根据P30-31课文Paras.2-4内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Once
a
rich
and
successful
man,Jason
gave
away
all
his
belongings
during
sixteen
years.Now,he
enjoys
working
on
the
garden,depending
on
things
from
charity
shops.Whenever
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people.He
lives
simply
and
is
helpful
to
others,which
brings
him
happiness
and
a
sense
of
success
in
life.For
him,the
sense
of
achievement
comes
from
helping
others
and
finding
the
true
meaning
in
life.UNIT
2
SUCCESS
Section
C WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.
(铁)
reacts
with
water
and
air
to
produce
rust.?
答案Iron
2.He
hit
the
nail
into
the
wall
with
a
(榔头).?
答案hammer
3.What
was
mentioned
was
that
he
experimented
with
different
(方式)of
painting.?
答案styles
4.He
was
elected
to
the
(领导)of
the
Labour
Party.?
答案leadership
5.He
was
jolted
(向前)
as
the
bus
moved
off.?
答案forwards
6.What’s
worse,the
power
was
cut
off
and
10,000
houses
(倒塌).?
答案collapsed
7.I
think
the
(信任)that
everyone
has
shown
in
him
has
touched
him.?
答案faith
8.It
will
give
them
a
chance
to
experience
the
extreme
(训练)
of
this
teaching.?
答案discipline
9.Chinese
models
are
the
faces
of
beauty
and
(时尚)campaigns
that
sell
dreams
to
women
all
over
the
world.?
答案fashion
10.The
average
(收入)of
Changzhou,though
still
well
below
that
of
Suzhou,has
been
on
the
increase.?
答案income
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Wang’s
winning
of
the
prize
means
that
Chinese
architects
are
getting
international
(recognise).?
答案recognition
2.Chinese
athletes
have
made
great
(contribute)to
the
Olympic
Games.?
答案contributions
3.I
will
get
better
every
day
and
never
use
the
word
“ ”(retire).?
答案retirement
4.The
dog
had
such
(devote)
to
its
master
that
it
would
not
leave
him,even
when
he
was
dead.?
答案devotion
5.This
(advance)
method
has
been
introduced
in
every
factory.?
答案advanced
6.There
are
huge
amounts
of
(refer)
books
which
I
am
often
confused
to
choose
from.?
答案reference
7.I
(bitter)regret
that
we
haven’t
been
able
to
do
better.?
答案bitterly
8.In
addition,it
is
for
those
with
a
keen
interest
in
health
(promote).?
答案promotion
Ⅲ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1.When
a
dark-coloured
cake
was
served
on
a
black
plate
rather
than
a
white
one,customers
recognised
it
sweeter
and
more
tasty.?
答案as
2.You
should
do
more
outdoor
exercise,which
can
contribute
your
keeping
up
a
good
state
of
mind.?
答案to
3.He
has
retired
political
life
and
gone
to
live
abroad.?
答案from
4.The
village
began
to
take
a
new
look
after
2019.?
答案on
5.I
made
a
commitment
him
to
pay
all
of
the
debts.?
答案to
6.But
he
insisted
on
coming
back
work
without
hesitation.?
答案to
7.It’s
requested
that
all
the
team
members
participate
the
game.?
答案in
8.In
addition,the
team
set
a
separate
experiment.?
答案up
9.Each
year
200,000
women
are
diagnosed
cancer
in
the
US
and
40,000
in
Britain.?
答案with
10.
need
of
money,Devon
eventually
came
to
terms
with
his
parents.?
答案In
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.学校不仅是我们上课的地方,而且也是我们度过整个青少年时期的地方。
School
is
a
place
where
we
attend
classes
a
place
where
we
spend
our
whole
youth.?
答案not
only;but
also
2.雨下得很大,但等下课时,雨已经停了。
It
was
raining
heavily,but
by
the
time
the
class
was
over,the
rain
.?
答案had
stopped
3.她看到了这可耻的一幕,这对他毫无意义。
The
idea
this
shameful
incident
meant
nothing
to
him.?
答案that
she
saw
4.他没有参加会议是因为他病了。
because
he
was
ill
he
didn’t
attend
the
meeting.?
答案It
was;that
5.当我学习英语的时候,我喜欢把字典放在我能拿得到的地方,这样我就可以在需要的时候查阅它。
When
I
study
English,I
like
to
put
my
dictionary
within
my
reach
I
can
refer
to
it
when
necessary.?
答案so
that
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:记叙文
I
must
have
looked
deep
in
thought,or
as
deep
in
thought
as
an
11-year-old
man
can,when
my
grandmother
glanced
up
from
her
weeding
to
ask,“You
have
something
on
your
mind,don’t
you?”
“Yes,I
was
thinking
that
someday
I
want
to
be
an
Olympic
speed
skating
champion
like
my
hero,Eric
Heiden.I
want
to
be
a
doctor
like
my
parents
and
I
want
to
help
children
in
Africa.”
I
immediately
knew
I
had
confided
in
the
right
person
when
a
knowing
smile
broke
across
her
face.“Johann,of
course!You
can
do
anything
you
want
to
do!”
she
said
simply.And
with
my
grandmother’s
support,I
set
out
to
pursue
my
passions.
14
years
later,I
was
well
ready
to
take
hold
of
my
first
dream:becoming
an
Olympic
champion.The
Olympics
in
1994
were
in
my
home
country,Norway.As
I
entered
the
Olympic
stadium,I
wasn’t
the
best
athlete,and
many
had
doubts
about
my
ability
to
perform
well.But
I
had
something
special
working
for
me.I
had
a
woman
in
the
first
row
who
believed
in
me
following
my
passions
just
as
much
as
I
did.For
the
first
time
ever,my
grandmother
was
going
to
see
me
skate.
It
happened.Breaking
a
world
record,I
won
the
gold.
As
I
stood
on
the
podium(领奖台)
that
I
had
dreamed
about
my
entire
life,a
curious
question
popped
into
my
head.Why
me?Why
did
I
win,given
all
the
other
incredible
competitors
out
there?The
reason
had
to
be
more
than
a
grandmother
who
shared
a
belief
in
her
grandson’s
dream.The
question
led
me
to
only
one
answer:Because
I
wanted
to
make
a
difference
in
the
world,and
with
all
the
media
attention
on
my
success,I
could.
I
immediately
knew
what
that
difference
had
to
be:hope
in
the
lives
of
the
children
in
Africa.Six
months
earlier,I’d
been
invited
to
Eritrea
as
an
ambassador
for
Olympic
Aid.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在祖母的支持下,努力追求自己的梦想,最终成为奥运会速度滑冰冠军的故事。
1.When
the
author
spoke
out
what
was
on
his
mind,his
grandmother
.?
A.laughed
at
him
B.supported
him
C.had
no
confidence
in
him
D.felt
quite
surprised
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And
with
my
grandmother’s
support,I
set
out
to
pursue
my
passions”可知,在祖母的支持下,作者开始追求他的梦想。由此可知,当作者说出他的梦想时,祖母支持他,故B项正确。
2.The
author
probably
realised
his
first
dream
at
the
age
of
.?
A.20
B.22
C.25
D.28
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I
must
have
looked
deep
in
thought,or
as
deep
in
thought
as
an
11-year-old
man
can”及第四段中的“14
years
later,I
was
well
ready
to
take
hold
of
my
first
dream:becoming
an
Olympic
champion.”可知,11岁时作者说出了自己的梦想,14年后,作者准备好实现他的第一个梦想——成为奥运会冠军并最终实现了。由此可知,作者在25岁时实现了他的第一个梦想,故C项正确。
3.What
will
the
author
tell
us
in
the
part
following
the
passage?
A.His
efforts
in
helping
the
African
children.
B.His
hard
training
in
preparing
for
the
next
Olympics.
C.His
successes
at
other
Olympic
games.
D.His
grandmother’s
attitude
towards
him.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“I
immediately
knew
what
that
difference
had
to
be:
hope
in
the
lives
of
the
children
in
Africa.Six
months
earlier,I’d
been
invited
to
Eritrea
as
an
ambassador
for
Olympic
Aid.”可知我立即知道这种差异是什么:对非洲儿童生活的希望。六个月前,我被邀请到厄立特里亚担任奥运援助大使。说明下一段应该是他去帮助非洲儿童,故A项正确。
4.The
whole
passage
is
mainly
about
.?
A.a
young
boy
who
had
many
dreams
B.the
encouragement
from
a
grandmother
C.a
sportsman
who
realised
his
first
dream
of
helping
African
children
D.an
Olympic
hero
who
made
a
difference
in
the
world
答案D
解析主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,本文主要讲述了作者在小时候向祖母诉说自己的梦想,并在祖母的鼓励以及自己希望对世界做出贡献的信念下实现了自己成为奥运冠军的梦想,之后作者作为奥运援助大使帮助非洲儿童,为世界做出贡献的故事。他是一位为世界做出贡献的奥运英雄。故选D项。
B
主题语境:人与社会 语篇类型:说明文
An
idea
that
started
in
Seattle’s
public
library
has
spread
throughout
America
and
beyond.The
concept
is
simple:help
to
build
a
sense
of
community
in
a
city
by
getting
everyone
to
read
the
same
book
at
the
same
time.
In
addition
to
encouraging
reading
as
a
pursuit
(追求)
to
be
enjoyed
by
all,the
program
allows
strangers
to
communicate
by
discussing
the
book
on
the
bus,as
well
as
promoting
reading
as
an
experience
to
be
shared
in
families
and
schools.The
idea
came
from
Seattle
librarian
Nancy
Pearl
who
launched(发起)
the
“If
All
of
Seattle
Read
the
Same
Book”
project
in
1998.Her
original
program
used
author
visits,study
guides
and
book
discussion
groups
to
bring
people
together
with
a
book,but
the
idea
has
since
expanded
to
many
other
American
cities,and
even
to
Hong
Kong.
In
Chicago,the
mayor
appeared
on
television
to
announce
the
choice
of
To
Kill
a
Mockingbird
as
the
first
book
in
the
“One
Book,One
Chicago”
programme.As
a
result,reading
clubs
and
neighbourhood
groups
sprang
up
around
the
city.Across
the
US,stories
emerged
of
parents
and
children
reading
to
each
other
at
night
and
strangers
chatting
away
on
the
bus
about
plot
and
character.
The
only
problem
arose
in
New
York,where
local
readers
could
not
decide
on
one
book
to
represent
the
huge
and
diverse
population.This
may
show
that
the
idea
works
best
in
medium-sized
cities
or
large
towns,where
a
greater
sense
of
unity(一致)can
be
achieved.Or
it
may
show
that
New
Yorkers
rather
missed
the
point,putting
all
their
energy
and
passion
into
the
choice
of
the
book
rather
than
discussion
about
a
book
itself.
Ultimately
as
Nancy
points
out,the
level
of
success
is
not
measured
by
how
many
people
read
a
book,but
by
how
many
people
are
enriched
by
the
process,or
have
enjoyed
speaking
to
someone
with
whom
they
would
not
otherwise
have
shared
a
word.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由西雅图公共图书馆发起的一个鼓励人们在同一个时间共读一本书的活动迅速传遍了美国,甚至走向了世界。文章向我们讲述了该项活动的实施以及所取得的成绩。
5.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
project
launched
by
Nancy?
A.To
invite
authors
to
guide
readers.
B.To
encourage
people
to
read
and
share.
C.To
involve
people
in
community
service.
D.To
promote
the
friendship
between
cities.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“as
well
as
promoting
reading
as
an
experience
to
be
shared
in
families
and
schools”和“who
launched
the
‘If
All
of
Seattle
Read
the
Same
Book’”可知,发起这项活动的目的是鼓励阅读和分享。故选B项。
6.Why
was
it
difficult
for
New
Yorkers
to
carry
out
the
project?
A.They
had
little
interest
in
reading.
B.They
were
too
busy
to
read
a
book.
C.They
came
from
many
different
backgrounds.
D.They
lacked
support
from
the
local
government.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“The
only
problem
arose
in
New
York,where
local
readers
could
not
decide
on
one
book
to
represent
the
huge
and
diverse
population.”可知,纽约人不能实施该项活动的原因是纽约人来自很多不同的背景。故选C项。
7.According
to
the
passage,where
would
the
project
be
more
easily
carried
out?
A.In
large
communities
with
little
sense
of
unity.
B.In
large
cities
where
libraries
are
far
from
home.
C.In
medium-sized
cities
with
a
diverse
population.
D.In
large
towns
where
agreement
can
be
quickly
reached.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第四段的“This
may
show
that
the
idea
works
best
in
medium-sized
cities
or
large
towns,where
a
greater
sense
of
unity
can
be
achieved”可知,在中等城市或比较大的城镇,人们达成共识比较容易。故选D项。
8.According
to
Nancy,the
degree
of
success
of
the
project
is
judged
by
.?
A.the
careful
selection
of
a
proper
book
B.the
growing
popularity
of
the
writers
C.the
number
of
people
who
benefit
from
reading
D.the
number
of
books
that
each
person
reads
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,这项工程是通过多少人从此过程中受益来衡量的。故选C项。
Ⅵ.应用文写作
(2020四川攀枝花高二上学期教学质量监测)
假定你是某校高二学生李华,将要参加一场市里举办的以“我有一个梦想”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容要点如下:
1.自我介绍;
2.你的梦想;
3.说明理由(至少两点);
4.如何实现。
注意:
1.词数80左右,文章开头和结束语已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Good
evening,everyone!
?
?
?
?
?
That’s
all.Thank
you
for
your
listening.
参考范文
Good
evening,everyone!?
I
am
Li
Hua.My
dream
is
to
be
a
writer.A
writer
is
a
transmitter
of
ideas,a
critic
of
morality,and
a
positive
energy
that
awakens
people.I
dream
of
one
day
being
able
to
write
a
heart-pounding
text
that
locks
all
my
joys
and
sorrows.One
day
I
will
become
a
writer
like
Mo
Yan
and
win
the
Nobel
Prize
for
literature,winning
honour
for
our
country.In
order
to
realize
my
dream,I
must
insist
on
writing,study
hard
and
be
admitted
to
my
ideal
university,which
will
lay
a
solid
foundation
for
realizing
my
dream
of
being
a
writer.I
believe
that
as
long
as
I
don’t
give
up,my
dream
will
come
true.?
That’s
all.Thank
you
for
your
listening.?
Ⅶ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I
wouldn’t
have
achieved
any
success
in
writing
without
my
grandma
and
my
husband’s
encouragement.
The
summer
I
turned
11
I
spent
two
weeks
with
my
grandparents.There
were
no
other
kids
in
the
neighbourhood.I
was
afraid
I
would
die
of
boredom.I
missed
my
friends
back
in
my
hometown,and
missed
riding
my
bike
everywhere.I
even
missed
my
brother
and
sister.
One
afternoon
Grandma
was
in
the
kitchen.“When’s
Grandpa
coming
home?”
I
asked.Maybe
he’d
take
us
for
a
ride
out.
“He’s
out
of
town
for
a
meeting
and
won’t
be
home
till
tomorrow.”
She
opened
the
door
and
the
heat
came
out.
“I’m
bored,”
I
said.“There’s
nothing
to
do
here.”
“Oh,there’s
plenty
to
do,”
she
said.“You
just
have
to
use
your
imagination.”
Oh,I
had
an
imagination
all
right.At
night
I’d
call
to
Grandma
from
the
guest
room,terrified
that
I
heard
a
noise
in
the
closet
or
saw
a
face
at
the
window.“There’s
no
one
here
but
us,”
Grandma
would
say,rubbing
my
back
until
I
fell
asleep.
It’s
too
bad
that
imagination
deserted
me
in
the
daytime.“I
can’t
think
of
anything,”
I
said.
“How
about
a
little
trip?”
she
asked.
We
walked
along
the
brick
sidewalks.We
crossed
the
street.I
saw
the
movie
theater.My
heart
began
to
race.I
loved
movies!But,no,Grandma
walked
right
past
the
theater.“Here
we
are,”
she
said,stopping
in
front
of
a
store.“I
thought
you
might
like
to
go
to
Switzerland.”
“But
this
is
a
bookstore,”
I
said.Had
the
heat
gone
to
Grandma’s
head?
She
pushed
open
the
glass
door,nodded
to
the
sales
clerk
and
walked
to
the
children’s
section.Her
fingers
danced
along
the
covers
of
the
books
until
they
came
to
a
thick
volume
bound
in
brown
cloth.She
pulled
it
off
the
shelf
and
handed
it
to
me.
“Here
you
go.It’s
one
ticket
to
the
snow-covered
Alps,Switzerland.”
I
looked
at
the
title.“Heidi?”
I’d
never
heard
of
it.“Is
it
any
good?”
“There’s
only
one
way
to
find
out.It’s
about
a
girl
who
goes
to
stay
with
her
grandfather
(like
you)!”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Back
at
the
apartment
Grandma
lay
down
for
a
nap.?
?
?
Twenty
years
ago
my
husband
said,?
?
?
参考范文
Back
at
the
apartment
Grandma
lay
down
for
a
nap.I
sat
in
Grandpa’s
armchair
and
opened
the
book.How
right
Grandma
was!I
was
absorbed
in
the
girl
in
the
snow-covered
Alps.She
learns
to
love
reading
(like
me)!Wasn’t
that
exactly
what
had
happened
to
me?She
had
heard
my
plea.She
had
changed
my
imagination
from
my
fears
to
my
best
dreams.That
book
opened
a
whole
new
world,a
world
I’ve
delighted
in
exploring.I
began
to
love
reading
and
I
have
got
into
the
habit
of
reading
a
lot
from
then
on.I’m
always
reading
something,recommending
something.
Twenty
years
ago
my
husband
said,“You
love
books
so
much.Why
don’t
you
write
your
own?”
I
did.And
I’ve
kept
at
it.So
far,I’ve
had
more
than
20
books
published.Just
like
Grandma
showed
me
that
long-ago
summer,there’s
plenty
to
do.I
just
have
to
use
my
imagination.(共107张PPT)
Section
B LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.hybrid
n. ?
2.minimum
n.
?
3.championship
n.
?
4.publisher
n. ?
5.contract
n.
?
6.motivating
adj.
?
7.distraction
n.
?
8.strive
vi.
?
9.encyclopaedia
n.
?
10.entry
n. ?
混合体
最少量;最小数;最低限度
冠军称号,冠军地位
出版商
合同;契约
起激励作用的;激发(人)的
使人分心的事物
努力;奋斗
百科全书
条目
11.academic
adj. ?
12.skip
vt.
?
13.defensive
adj.
?
14.workout
n. ?
15.intensity
n.
?
16.triathlete
n.
?
17.enormous
adj.
?
18.length
n. ?
19.rugby
n.
?
20.platform
n.
?
学术的
不做(本来应做的事);蹦跳着走
戒备的,自卫的
训练,锻炼
强度;强烈
铁人三项运动员
巨大的,庞大的
长度
(英式)
橄榄球
舞台;月台
21.
adj.有影响力的?
22.
vt.把……献给;专心致力于?
23.
n.生产;产量?
24.
vt.&
n.限制,限定?
25.
vt.使确信;使信服?
26.
n.极端?
27.
vt.拒绝接受?
28.
vt.糟蹋;毁坏?
29.
n.基本部分;要素?
30.
adj.自私的,自私自利的?
influential
devote
production
limit
convince
extreme
reject
ruin
element
selfish
31.
n.牺牲?
32.
adj.无数的,数不尽的?
33.
vt.租用?
34.
vi.&
vt.(使)沸腾,煮沸?
35.
adj.&
adv.分开;散开?
36.
adj.受伤的?
37.
adj.杰出的,优秀的?
38.
adj.平庸的,普通的;平均的 n.平均水平;平均数?
39.
adj.正常的,平常的?
sacrifice
countless
hire
boil
apart
injured
outstanding
average
normal
重点短语
1. 致力于……?
2.boil
down
to
sth ?
3.apply
oneself
to
sth
?
4. 除……之外?
5.stay
in ?
devote...to...
归结为;要点是
努力;专心致志于某事
apart
from...
待在家里
重点句式
1.As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
there
is
a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.
2.I
could
have
become
angry
or
defensive.
重点语法冠词
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P36-37文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.Olympic
athletes
give
up
too
much
fun
for
world
championship
medals.
2.The
author
was
pushing
the
limits
and
extremes,which
others
thought
healthy.
3.The
author
was
a
professional
athlete.
4.The
author
would
play
pool
games
at
ten
years
old.
5.Good
extra
preparation
will
set
a
professional
athlete
apart
from
his
competitors.
答案:
TFTFT
B.阅读P36-37文章,选出最佳选项。
1.What
did
the
author’s
friend
worry
about?
A.The
author
pushed
herself
to
the
limits
too
little.
B.There
was
no
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.
C.There
was
nothing,
only
medals
in
the
author’s
eyes.
D.The
author
missed
so
many
birthday
parties
and
holidays.
2.What
was
one
of
the
fears
the
author
faced?
A.Reasons
for
pushing
the
limits.
B.Her
competitors’
efforts.
C.Class
work
at
school.
D.Her
friend’s
worries.
答案:C
答案:A
3.What
would
the
author
do
when
she
was
young?
A.Go
out
and
play.
B.Play
pool
games.
C.Take
buses
alone.
D.Take
holidays
often.
4.What
should
a
professional
athlete
be?
A.Determined. B.Worried.
C.Cheerful.
D.Careful.
答案:C
答案:A
重点词汇
1.Take
Yuan
Longping,the
father
of
hybrid
rice,one
of
the
most
influential
scientists
in
agriculture,for
example.以杂交水稻之父袁隆平为例,他是农业领域最有影响力的科学家之一。(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中influential用作形容词,意为“有影响力的”,还可以意为“有权势的”。
She
is
one
of
the
most
influential
figures
in
local
politics.
她是本地政坛一位举足轻重的人物。
Our
newspaper
is
an
influential
one
in
this
city.
我们的报纸在本市有很大影响力。
【词汇拓展】
influence
v.影响;感染 n.影响力;影响;权势;势力;有影响的人(或事物)
have
an
influence
on/upon对……有影响
Don’t
let
me
influence
your
decision.
不要让我影响你的决定。
The
labour
enthusiasm
of
the
workers
strongly
influenced
us.
工人们的劳动热情极大地感染了我们。
Many
a
woman
has
a
great
influence
on
her
husband.
许多女人对丈夫有很大影响。
2.For
more
than
50
years,he
has
devoted
his
life
to
rice
production
and
his
research
has
not
only
helped
China
find
a
way
to
remove
hunger
but
also
contributed
to
world
peace
and
social
progress.五十多年来,他一直致力于水稻生产,他的研究不仅帮助中国找到了消除饥饿的方法,而且为世界和平和社会进步做出了贡献。(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中devote用作动词,意为“把……献给;专心致力于”,
devote
to意为“致力于”。
He’s
devoted
his
whole
life
to
the
protection
of
the
rare
animals.
他终生献身于珍稀动物的保护。
【词汇拓展】
devote
oneself
to献身于……;专心于……
devote
one’s
time/life/energy
to致力于
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth献身于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
devotion
n.挚爱,关爱,关照;奉献
devoted
adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
a
good
wife
and
devoted
mother贤妻良母
You
will
never
gain
success
unless
you
are
fully
devoted
to
your
work.
除非你全身心投入到工作中去,否则你永远不可能获得成功。
After
retiring,
he
will
devote
himself
to
gardening.
他退休后将把精力放在园艺上。
3.Luckily
for
Harry
Potter
fans,the
author
J.K.Rowling
didn’t
listen
to
the
negative
comments
from
the
twelve
publishers
who
rejected
her
books.幸运的是,对于《哈利·波特》的粉丝们来说,作家J.K.罗琳没有听那12家拒绝她的书的出版商的负面评论。
(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中reject用作动词,意为“拒绝接受”;还可以意为“摒弃;排斥;驳回”。
I
think
the
president
was
correct
to
reject
the
offer.
我认为总统拒绝这一提议是正确的。
The
patient’s
immune
system
would
reject
the
transplanted
organ
as
a
foreign
object.
病人的免疫系统会对移植器官产生异质排斥反应。
【词汇拓展】
reject
an/one’s
offer
of
sth拒绝别人提供的某物
reject
an
appeal驳回上诉
reject
a
gift/an
opinion/a
suggestion/an
invitation拒绝接受礼物/意见/建议/邀请
rejection
n.拒绝
rejected
adj.被拒绝的
He
rejected
their
offer
of
a
job.
他拒绝了他们给他的工作。
Her
rejection
of
him
seems
to
have
made
him
go
back
into
his
shell.
他遭她拒绝后就不爱吭声了。
4.OK
and
thirdly,it
mentions
effective
daily
practices
such
as
making
to-do
lists
and
limiting
time
on
social
networking
and
other
distractions.好的,第三,它提到了有效的日常实践,比如制定待办事项清单,限制在社交网络和其他分心的事情上的时间。(P108)
【词汇精讲】在本句中limit用作动词,意为“限制,限定”;还可以用作名词,意为“限制,限定;界限;限度”。
But
our
funds
were
limited,
and
none
of
the
houses
in
our
price
range
seemed
satisfactory.
但是我们的资金有限,我们能买得起的房子似乎没有一套令人满意。
I’ll
help
as
much
as
I
can,
but
there
is
a
limit
to
what
I
can
do.
我会尽力帮忙,但我所能做的也是有限度的。
【词汇拓展】
go
beyond/over
the
limit超过限度
within
limits在一定程度内
set
a
limit
to
sth对某事(物)加以限制
limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
limited
adj.有限(制)的
be
limited
to
sth受限于某事
Sometimes,he
was
limited
to
a
cage
underwater
but
that
did
not
bother
him.
有时,他在水下被限制在一个笼子里,但那并不让他感到烦恼。
The
uses
of
coal
are
by
no
means
limited
to
those.
煤的用途不止限于那些。
5.Mm,you’ve
convinced
me
to
read
this
book!嗯,你说服我读这本书了!(P108)
【词汇精讲】在本句中convince用作动词,意为“使确信;使信服;说服”。
Your
argument
is
too
weak
to
convince
me.
你的论点太薄弱了,说服不了我。
I
don’t
believe
what
you
said,but
if
you
can
prove
it,you
may
be
able
to
convince
me.
我不相信你所说的,但是如果你能证明,也许你能够说服我。
【词汇拓展】
convince
sb
of
sth使某人相信某事
convince
sb
to
do
sth说服某人做某事
convince
sb+that从句
使某人确信……
convinced
adj.坚定不移的;有坚定信仰的
be
convinced
of
sth/that相信……
convincing
adj.令人信服的
Mr
Holden
returned
home
from
his
holiday
upset
and
convinced
(that)
his
pet
was
dead.
霍尔顿先生度假回来后非常沮丧,他深信他的宠物死掉了。
We
were
able
to
convince
the
students
of
the
need
for
wide
reading.
我们能让学生们相信广泛阅读的必要性。
6.As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
there
is
a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.作为一名奥运选手,我错过了生日派对,破坏了家庭假日,错过了夜晚外出,但我有充分的理由放弃这么多。(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中ruin用作动词,意为“糟蹋;毁坏”,还可以意为“(使)颠覆”;也可以用作名词,意为“毁灭;废墟(常用复数),遗迹;残余”。
Don’t
let
negativity
ruin
your
motivation.
不要让消极情绪毁了你的积极性。
【词汇拓展】
in
ruins成为废墟
bring
sb
to
ruin使某人失败;
使倾家荡产
bring
ruin
upon
oneself自取灭亡
come/fall/go
to
ruin毁灭,灭亡;
崩溃;
破坏掉
be
the
ruin
of成为……毁灭/堕落的原因
ruin
oneself毁掉自己
The
houses
on
the
seaward
side
of
the
road
were
all
in
ruins.
马路临海一侧的房屋全都成了废墟。
【词汇辨析】ruin、damage与destroy
ruin与damage、destroy都可以用作动词,表示“毁坏”的意思,但它们所表示的破坏程度及含义不同。
(1)ruin指经过长时间的侵蚀而毁坏,通常暗指无可挽回的伤害,但并不一定指完全毁灭。它也可用来表示抽象概念。如:
He
knocked
over
a
bottle
of
ink
and
ruined
the
tablecloth.
他打翻了一瓶墨水,把桌布弄得一团糟。
You’ll
ruin
your
health
if
you
go
on
like
this.
这样下去你会毁了你的健康的。
(2)damage是程度较小的“破坏”“损坏”,一般指被破坏的物品可以修复。如:
The
car
was
only
slightly
damaged
in
the
accident.
这辆车在事故中只受到轻微的损坏。
Many
buildings
damaged
during
the
war
are
being
repaired.
战争中受损的很多建筑物正在修缮。
(3)destroy指彻底的摧毁、毁坏;它也可用于损坏抽象的东西,如名誉、计划等。如:
The
earthquake
destroyed
almost
the
entire
city.
那次地震几乎毁灭了整个城市。
That
will
destroy
the
reputation
of
our
products.
那将毁了我们产品的声誉。
7.What
are
the
sacrifices
for?牺牲是为了什么?(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中sacrifice用作名词,意为“牺牲”,还可以意为“祭品;供奉”;用作动词意为“牺牲;供奉;献祭”。
She
made
many
sacrifices
to
get
Anita
a
good
education.
为了让安尼塔受到良好的教育,她做出了很多牺牲。
【词汇拓展】
sacrifice...for为……而牺牲……
at
the
sacrifice
of以……为代价
make
a
sacrifice
for为……付出代价
She
made
a
big
sacrifice
for
her
position
today.
她为今天的职位付出了很大的代价。
A
mother
will
sacrifice
her
life
for
her
children.
为了孩子,一个母亲可以献出她自己的生命。
8.I
think
of
countless
birthday
parties
and
nights
out
I
have
missed...我想起无数个我错过的生日派对和外出的夜晚……(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中countless用作形容词,意为“无数的,数不尽的”。
There
are
countless
stars
in
the
sky.
天上有无数的星星。
【词汇拓展】
count
vt.计算;
认为 vi.(按顺序)数数;重要 n.数出总数;
论点,观点
count
on依靠;
依赖
countable
adj.可数的
The
whole
team
counts
on
Cristiano
Ronaldo,and
he
seldom
lets
them
down.
整个团队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多了,并且他很少让他们失望。
9.It
boils
down
to
this:I
was
born
with
an
enormous
amount
of
drive
and
determination.归根结底,我天生就是个特别有干劲和意志力的人。(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中boil用作动词,意为“
(使)沸腾,煮沸”,还可以意为“激动”;短语boil
down
to
sth意为“归结为;要点是”,还可以意为“简化为”。
The
advice
they
gave
him
boiled
down
to
this:he
should
take
care
of
his
own
health.
他们给他的劝告可归结为一句话:他应该注意自己的健康。
【词汇拓展】
boil
away消气;沸腾
boil
down煮浓
When
he
made
the
stew,the
water
was
boiled
down.
他炖肉时,把汤熬得很浓。
Her
anger
boiled
away
soon.
她很快就消气了。
10.From
a
small
girl,I
would
stay
in
at
lunch
time
just
to
get
ahead
on
class
work
rather
than
go
out
and
play...从一个小女孩开始,我就会在午饭时间待在家里,只是为了提前完成功课,而不是出去玩……(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中stay
in意为“待在家里”,还可以意为“固定……位置上不动;(火焰等)继续燃烧”。
Let’s
stay
in
tonight
and
watch
a
video.
今晚让我们待在家里,看视频。
If
the
collar
won’t
stay
in
place,you’d
better
pin
it
back.
如果领子不牢稳,你最好用别针把它别住。
【词汇拓展】
stay
at停留在……;住在……
stay
away
(from)离开,缺席
stay
out在户外
I’ll
stay
at
the
bus
stop
while
you
go
to
see
if
there’s
a
bus
coming.
你去看看有没有公交车驶来,我留在公交车站等着。
Why
don’t
you
stay
away
if
you
don’t
like
us?
你要是不喜欢我们为什么不离开?
11.Call
it
unhealthy
if
you
want,but
that
is
the
way
I
roll,
no
matter
what
it
is
I’m
applying
myself
to.你若说这是一种病态也行,但这就是我的做事风格,不管做什么我都会全力以赴。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中apply
oneself
to
sth意为“努力;专心致志于某事”。
If
you
apply
yourself
to
the
job
in
hand,you’ll
soon
finish
it.
如果你尽全力做你手头的工作,你将能很快地把它做完。
【词汇拓展】
apply
vt.涂,敷;应用,运用;(后常接oneself)使致力(于),使专心从事 vi.申请;应用,使用;适用
apply
for申请,请求
apply
(to
sb)
for...(向某人)申请……
apply...to...把……运用到……中去;将……涂抹到……上面
applicant
n.申请人
applied
adj.应用的;实用的
applied
science应用科学
application
n.申请;应用
a
letter
of
application一份求职信
Now
researchers
are
applying
scientific
methods
to
the
study
of
the
universality
of
art.
现在,研究人员正在将科学方法应用于艺术的普遍性研究中去。
You
should
apply
for
the
position
immediately,in
person
or
by
letter.
你应该立即申请这一职位,或者亲自去,或者写信。
Apply
some
suncream
to
your
face
in
case
you
get
burnt
by
the
sunshine.
在你的脸上涂些防晒霜,以免被阳光晒伤。
12.If
you
want
to
be
an
Olympic
champion,it’s
all
about
that
little
extra
thing
you
have
done
in
your
preparation
that
will
set
you
apart
from
your
competitors.如果你想成为奥运冠军,就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点,它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中apart用作副词,意为“分开;散开”;短语apart
from...意为“除……之外”,还可以意为“缺少;且不说”。
Apart
from
the
injuries
to
his
face
and
hands,
he
broke
both
legs.
他除了脸部和双手受伤以外,两条腿也断了。
Apart
from
English,we
study
Russian
and
Spanish.
除了英语以外,我们还学俄语及西班牙语。
Apart
from
an
occasional
noise
from
the
elephant’s
stomach,the
forest
was
silent.
除了大象胃里偶尔发出的声音,森林里一片寂静。
【词汇拓展】
fall
apart土崩瓦解
far/wide
apart离得很远
joking
apart别说笑话;
认真地说;
说正经的
set/lay/put
sth
apart
for...把(某物)留出,拨出(专用)
take...apart把……拆开
tell...apart区分;
分辨(两种事物)
His
promising
career
began
to
fall
apart.
他那本来前程似锦的职业生涯开始土崩瓦解。
【词语辨析】in
addition(to)、apart
from、except、except
for与besides
(1)in
addition意为“加之,又,另外(包括除去内容在内)”。如:
There
was
an
earthquake
and,in
addition,there
were
tidal
waves.
除了地震之外,还有海啸。
(2)in
addition
to是介词短语,意为“加之,除……之外(包括除去内容在内)”。如:
He
speaks
French
in
addition
to
English.
他除了英语之外,还会说法语。
(3)apart
from是介词短语,意为“除……以外(包括或不包括除去内容)”。如:
Apart
from
a
few
faults,
he
is
a
trustworthy
teacher.
除了少许几个缺点外,他是个值得信赖的老师。
(4)except、except
for都有“除……之外”之意。except指从同类的人或物中排除;而except
for所排除的不属于同一类。如:
He
likes
everyone
except
me.
除了我以外,每个人他都喜欢。
The
composition
is
good
except
for
a
few
spelling
mistakes.
这篇作文除了有几个拼写错误外还是很好的。
(5)besides除……之外(还有)(包括被除去内容,和in
addition
to同义;疑问句、否定句中和except同义)。如:
There
were
three
more
visitors
besides
me.
除我之外,还有三位访客。
Besides
being
a
scholar,
he
was
a
famous
writer.
他除了是一名学者,还是一位有名的作家。
No
one
knows
it
besides
me.
除我以外,谁也不知道这件事。(只有我知道)
13.I’d
prefer
to
have
three
or
four
outstanding
years
of
winning
stuff
than
having
ten
years
of
being
average.我宁愿有三到四年杰出的获奖经历,也不愿有十年的平庸。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中average用作形容词,意为“平庸的,普通的;平凡的;平均的,一般的”,还可以用作名词,意为“平均水平;平均数;平均,均分”。
A
college
classmate
of
mine,Tim,was
an
excellent
football
player,
even
though
he
weighed
much
less
than
the
average
player.
我的大学同学提姆是位优秀的足球运动员,不过他的体重比一般的运动员轻很多。
An
average
of
just
18.75
cm
of
rain
fell
last
year,making
it
the
driest
year
since
California
became
a
state
in
1850.
去年这里的平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米,是加利福尼亚自1850年建州以来最干旱的一年。
This
new
model
of
car
is
so
expensive
that
it
is
beyond
the
reach
of
those
with
average
income.
新款车如此昂贵,普通收入人群望尘莫及。
【词汇拓展】
on
(an/the)
average平均
with
an
average
of平均为
above
average在一般水平以上,中上;
在平均数以上
below
average在一般水平以下,中下;
在平均数以下
be
up
to
the
average达到一般水平
children
of
average
intelligence智力一般的儿童
We
received
20
calls
a
day
on
average.
我们平均每天接到二十通电话。
The
readings
we
took
were
well
above
average.
我们记录的读数远远高于平均数。
14.It
is
certainly
not
a
balanced
way
to
live
and
it
is
certainly
not
normal
but
those
words
are
generally
not
used
for
anyone
who
is
striving
for
greatness.这当然不是一种平衡的生活方式,也不是一种正常的生活方式,但那些词通常不用于任何追求卓越的人。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中normal用作形容词,意为“正常的,平常的”,其反义词为abnormal,意为“反常的;不正常的;变态的”。
At
one
time,she
is
fine,but
at
another,she
is
abnormal.
有时候,她表现得很好,有时候又失常。
Everything
is
absolutely
normal.
一切完全正常。
【词汇辨析】ordinary、common、regular、normal、usual与general
(1)ordinary指人或物符合一般标准,并无非凡或独特之处。in
the
ordinary
way就通常情况而言;out
of
the
ordinary不平常的,非凡的,例外的。
He
is
a
man
of
intelligence
far
above
the
ordinary.
他是个智力非同寻常的人。
(2)common多用于表示“常见的,经常发生的”。common
sense/knowledge常识;have...in
common
with
sb与某人在……方面相同。
It’s
common
sense
to
dress
more
warmly
when
it
gets
cold.
天冷了要穿得暖和一点儿,这是常识。
(3)regular指符合常规的、有规律的,暗示没有意外发生或不稳定的情况。
You
have
quite
a
lot
of
regular
customers
so
far
as
I
know.
据我所知,你们有许多老客户。
(4)normal指“正常的,通常的”,指人或物符合常态、常规。come
back/return
to
normal恢复正常;above/below
normal在正常水平之上/下。
Following
the
settlement
of
the
strike,the
train
service
is
now
back
to
normal.
在罢工问题解决之后,铁路交通现在已恢复正常。
(5)usual指“通常的,往常的”,含有一贯如此、并不新奇之意。as
usual像往常一样;than
usual比平常……
This
year
tomatoes
come
into
season
much
earlier
than
usual.
今年番茄上市比往年早得多。
(6)general指“一般的,普遍的”,含“几乎没有例外”之意。in
general总体来说。
As
a
general
rule,
a
body
will
expand
when
heated
and
contract
when
cooled.
一般说来,物体热胀冷缩。
重点句式
1.As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
there
is
a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.作为一名奥运选手,我错过了生日派对,破坏了家庭假日,错过了夜晚外出,但我有充分的理由放弃这么多。(P36)
【句式剖析】句中句型there
is
a
good
reason
(to
be/for)意为“……有充足的理由”。
There
are
at
least
two
good
reasons
for
this.
至少有两个充分的理由。
【句式拓展】
there
is
no
reason
(to
be/for)没有理由……
I
was
a
bit
nervous
before
I
arrived
here,but
there
was
no
reason
to
be
(nervous).
在到这儿之前,我有点紧张,但是没有理由紧张。
I
think
there
was
no
reason
to
be
afraid.
我觉得没有理由害怕。
2.I
could
have
become
angry
or
defensive.我本可以变得愤怒或为自己辩护。(P36)
【句式拓展】句中could
have
become是一种表示英语委婉语的虚拟语气。在英语的委婉语的表达中,如果暗含可能之意时,往往用could/might
have
done
的形式,表示“本可能做某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式could/might
not
have
done表示“本不可能做某事而实际上已经做了某事”。
He
did
not
regret
saying
what
he
did
but
felt
that
he
could
have
expressed
it
differently.
他并不后悔说出做过的事,只是觉得本可以用另一种方式来说。
【句式拓展】
(1)在英语的委婉语的表达中,如果暗含责备之意时,往往用should
have
done的形式,表示“本该做某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式shouldn’t
have
done表示“本不该做某事而实际上已经做了”。
I
shouldn’t
have
watched
that
movie—it’ll
give
me
horrible
dreams.
我真不该看那部电影的,搞得我噩梦连连。
(2)在英语的委婉语的表达中,如果暗含劝告之意时,往往用need
have
done的形式,表示“本有必要做某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式needn’t
have
done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上已经做了某事”。注意didn’t
have
to
do表示“过去本没有必要做而实际上也没有做”。
Mark
needn’t
have
hurried.After
driving
at
top
speed,
he
arrived
half
an
hour
early.
迈克本不必那么急的。高速驾驶之后,他还早到了半个小时。
重点语法
冠词
一、不定冠词a/an的基本用法
?
使用场合
例句
1
具有泛指的概念,表示“一类”或“其中的一个”
In
my
opinion,to
take
a
ten-minute
break
between
classes
is
necessary.Otherwise
we
will
feel
tired
both
physically
and
mentally.在我看来,课间休息十分钟是必要的。否则我们会在身体和心理上都感到疲惫。
2
初次提到某人或某物
Last
week
our
class
organised
an
activity
to
thank
our
teachers
before
graduation.上周我们班在毕业前组织了一场感谢我们老师的活动。
?
使用场合
例句
3
在速度、比率、价格等前面
You
can
buy
second-hand
books
at
a
low
price
in
one
of
our
school
clubs.你可以在我校一个社团低价买到二手书。
4
用在某些不可数名词前,使该不可数名词可数化
Would
you
like
a
coffee
or
a
tea?你想喝一杯咖啡还是茶?
On
half
way
to
our
destination,we
were
caught
in
a
heavy
rain,but
we
still
went
on.去目的地的半路上遇到大雨,但是我们仍然前行。
5
用在某些抽象名词前,使该抽象名词具体化
He
has
a
good
knowledge
of
chemistry.他精通化学。
No
matter
how
(however)
tough
the
task
is,there
is
no
doubt
that
we
will
overcome
all
the
difficulties
and
win
a
complete
success.无论任务多么艰巨,毫无疑问我们会克服所有的困难取得圆满成功。
?
使用场合
例句
6
用在专有名词前,表示类似的一个或某一个
He
is
a
Jiao
Yulu.他是一个焦裕禄式的人物。
A
Mr
Smith
wishes
to
speak
to
you.一个叫斯密斯先生的人想和你说话。
7
表示“同一个”的意思
The
two
boys
are
of
an
age.两个男生同岁。
These
classrooms
are
of
a
(=the
same)
size.这些教室一样大小。
8
不定冠词的特殊位置:how/so/as/too+形容词+不定冠词+名词
Never
will
you
meet
so
kind
a
teacher(=
such
a
kind
teacher)
like
him.你绝不会遇到像他一样善良的老师。
Maths
was
too
difficult
a
subject
for
me,so
I
chose
to
learn
liberal
arts.数学对我来说太难了,所以我选择文科。
To
tell
the
truth,never
have
I
seen
such
a
nice
place.说实话,我从未见过如此漂亮的地方。
?
使用场合
例句
9
构成短语如a
number
of,a
variety
of,a
great
deal
of,a
large
amount
of,
a
lot
of等
A
wide
variety
of
after-class
activities
will
broaden
our
horizon,enrich
our
school
life
and
make
us
relaxed.丰富多彩的课外活动能够让我们开阔眼界,充实学校生活,还能使我们得到放松。
A
number
of
students
took
part
in
the
voluntary
activity
yesterday.昨天许多学生参加了志愿者活动。
10
名词前冠词a或an的使用根据发音而不是单词的首字母
a
university一所大学
a
European
country一个欧洲国家
an
hour一小时
an
honest
man一个诚实的人
11
常见带有a或one的短语
all
of
a
sudden突然
as
a
matter
of
fact事实上
in
a
hurry匆忙
in
a
word总之
do
sb
a
favour帮某人一个忙
pay
a
visit
to拜访
a
hand
of少量的
a
length
of一根,一段
a
variety
of种种
an
article
of一件
a
total
of总共
an
average
of平均
one
by
one一个接一个
one
after
another一个接一个
one
day(有)一天
80
km
an
hour每小时80千米
three
times
a
day一天三次
a
depth
of深度为
二、定冠词the的主要用法
?
使用场合
例句
1
表示特指和第二次提到的人或物
For
one
thing,it’s
against
the
rules
of
the
school.首先,这违反学校规定。
2
表示世界上独一无二的事物
The
teacher
told
us
that
the
earth
turns
round
the
sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
3
用在序数词、形容词最高级前面
He
was
the
first
man
to
think
of
it.他是第一个想到这一点的人。
4
用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前
England
and
France
are
connected
by
the
English
Channel.英吉利海峡连接英法两国。
?
使用场合
例句
5
用在形容词或过去分词前表示一类人
We
are
planning
to
visit
the
elderly
in
Chaoyang
nursery
home.我们计划去看望朝阳敬老院的老年人。
6
用在表示国家和民族的形容词前表示泛指该国的人民
In
order
to
encourage
people
to
plant
trees,the
Chinese
fixed
March
12th
as
a
day
for
planting
trees.为了鼓励大家植树,中国人将3月12
日定为植树节。
7
用在姓氏的复数前,表示该夫妇俩或全家人
Hearing
Xiaoming
was
admitted
to
Peking
University,the
Zhangs
jumped
with
joy.听到小明被北京大学录取,张家人欣喜若狂。
?
使用场合
例句
8
乐器、通信设备前一定要加定冠词
Peter
likes
playing
football
while
I
am
fond
of
playing
the
piano.彼特喜欢踢足球,而我喜欢弹钢琴。
9
用于某些缩略词之前
the
PRC中华人民共和国
10
用在表示发明物的单数可数名词之前
Do
you
know
who
invented
the
television?你知道谁发明的电视机?
11
固定搭配
in
the
morning上午
on
the
other
hand另一方面
by
the
hour按小时计算
in
the
1990s在20世纪90年代
hit
sb
on
the
shoulder拍打某人的肩膀
三、零冠词
?
使用场合
例句
1
季节、节日(用day表示的节日前)、星期、三餐(前面没有修饰词时)等之前,一般不加冠词
(Festival表示的节日前加the)
At
noon
we
eat
at
the
school
dining
hall,and
enjoy
talking
with
friends
over
lunch.我们在食堂吃午餐,并可以在午餐期间和朋友们交谈。
There
are
a
lot
of
activities
at
the
beach
in
summer.夏天海滩上有很多活动。
Shall
we
go
to
visit
our
former
teacher
on
Teachers’
Day?教师节那天我们去拜访以前的老师,好吗?
2
名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等限定词修饰时,一般不加冠词
I’d
like
to
attend
English
lectures,from
which
I
can
get
more
information
on
British
and
American
culture.我想要参加英语讲座,从中我可以获得很多关于英美文化的信息。
?
使用场合
例句
3
专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前,一般不加
(Learning)
Anxiety
is
a
common
problem
among
senior
three
students.(学习)焦虑问题是高三学生中普遍存在的问题。
4
球类、棋类、学科等名称前,一般不加冠词
I
have
been
learning
English
for
8
years
and
I
have
computer
experience.我学英语八年了,而且有电脑经验。
On
arriving
there,we
began
working.Some
were
doing
some
cleaning,some
were
washing
clothes
for
the
elderly
and
others
were
playing
chess
and
chatting
with
them.一到达那里,我们就开始劳动。一些人打扫卫生,一些人帮老人洗衣服,另一些人陪他们下棋聊天。
?
使用场合
例句
5
称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质的名词前,不加冠词
He
was
elected
monitor
of
our
class.他被选为我们班的班长。
6
在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词
At
two
o’clock
in
the
afternoon,we’ll
gather
at
the
school
gate,after
which
we’ll
set
out
for
the
destination
by
bus.下午两点,我们在校门口集合,然后乘公交车去目的地。
7
turn(变成、成为)后面的名词前不加冠词。但become后面的名词前一定要加冠词
My
dream
was
to
become
a
teacher
when
I
grew
up,but
I
turned
writer
20
years
later.我的梦想是长大后当老师,结果二十年后成了作家。
?
使用场合
例句
8
在一个以“普通名词+as”所引导的让步状语从句中,该普通名词前不加冠词
Child
as
he
is,
he
knows
a
lot.虽然是个孩子,他却懂得很多。
Student
as
he
is,he
earns
a
lot
of
money
by
selling
goods
online.尽管他还是个学生,通过网上售货他挣了很多钱。
9
泛指的复数名词前不用冠词
Optional
courses
enable
students
to
engage
in
what
they
are
really
interested
in
and
what
they
are
willing
to
devote
to.选修课可以使学生们投入到自己真正感兴趣且愿意努力去做的事情上。
10
school、church、prison、hospital前不加冠词,表示抽象的概念
Our
school
is
quite
close
to
our
home,so
we
could
go
to
school
together
by
bike.学校离我们家很近,所以我们可以一起骑自行车去上学。
?
使用场合
例句
11
绝对不可数名词[如fun、news、information、word
(消息)、advice、nature等]前不用不定冠词
We
not
only
gain
a
well
balanced
life
through
going
in
for
sports,but
also
get
more
chances
to
make
more
friends
and
stay
closer
to
nature.通过体育锻炼,我们不仅能够拥有均衡的生活,而且有更多的机会去结交朋友,去接近大自然。
12
固定搭配
in
deep
debt债台高筑
in
good
health身体安康
in
good
condition性能良好
in
great
demand急需
in
great
need
of急需……
in
time
of
danger危难之时
in
office就职
in
honour
of为了纪念……
in
trouble陷入麻烦
in
favour
of赞同
with
anger怒气冲天
in
general一般来说
in
size大小方面
in
character在性格上
in
sight在视野之内
in/out
of
order秩序井然/无序
on
business出差
on
holiday度假
on
leave请假
on
watch放哨
on
fire失火
heart
and
soul全心全意
knife
and
fork刀叉
husband
and
wife夫妇
brother
and
sister兄弟姐妹
from
morning
till
night从早到晚
on
horseback骑马
at
sea出海
四、特殊情况
有无冠词意义不同
?
无冠词
有冠词
1
out
of
problem不成问题
out
of
the
problem不可能
2
take
place发生;举行
take
the
place代替
3
in
hospital住院
in
the
hospital在医院里
4
at
table在吃饭
at
the
table在餐桌旁
5
in
front
of在……前方
in
the
front
of在……前部
6
three
of
us我们中的三个人
the
three
of
us我们三个人
7
on
earth究竟
on
the
earth在地球上
8
lose
colour脸色苍白
lose
the
colour褪色
9
of
age成年
of
an
age同岁数
10
lose
heart灰心
lose
one’s
heart爱上
11
go
to
school上学
go
to
the
school去学校里
12
in
charge
of负责……
in
the
charge
of由……负责
13
in
control
of控制……
in
the
control
of由……控制
14
in
possession
of拥有……
in
the
possession
of由……拥有
用定冠词不定冠词意义不同
?
不定冠词
定冠词
1
a
number
of许多
the
number
of
……的数量
2
a
second又一,再一
the
second第二个
Ⅰ.冠词填空
1.I
like
music,
especially
music
of
the
film.?
答案:/;the
2.How
sweetly
she
sings!I
have
never
heard
better
voice.?
答案:a
3.Beijing
is
second
largest
city
in
China.?
答案:the
4.My
trip
to
Tibet
was
really
unforgettable
experience.?
答案:an
5.His
mother’s
sudden
death
came
to
him
as
shock.?
答案:a
6.This
watch
is
18th
century
watch,which
has
been
passed
down
from
my
great
grandpa.?
答案:an
7.I
think
it
really
honour
for
me
to
speak
here.?
答案:an
8.This
lab
used
to
be
in
charge
of
Mr
Wang.?
答案:the
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.这个校园非常漂亮,是一个学习的好地方。
答案:The
campus
is
very
beautiful,which
is
a
good
place
to
study.
2.只要你坚持你的学习计划,你肯定能取得巨大进步。
答案:As
long
as
you
stick
to
your
plans
for
your
study,you
are
sure
to
make
great
progress.
3.上周二,我们班进行了如何保护环境的讨论。
答案:Last
Tuesday,our
class
held
a
discussion
on
how
to
protect
our
environment.
4.一个阳光灿烂的上午,我们骑车前往目的地,一路上有说有笑。
答案:One
sunny
morning,we
set
out
for
our
destination
by
bike,talking
and
laughing
all
the
way.
5.休息片刻之后,我们尽情地在外面唱歌跳舞,说笑话讲故事。
答案:After
a
short
rest,we
had
great
fun
singing
and
dancing
outside,telling
jokes
and
stories.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1.用average相关短语完成句子
(1) (通常)
we
would
spend
￡300
per
day.?
(2)Teachers
usually
like
students
whose
schoolwork
is
(在平均水平以上).?
(3)Besides,
the
dog
tends
to
bark
(平均)
six
hours
a
day.?
(4)It’s
a
small
shop, (平均为)
about
500
customers
a
week.?
答案:(1)On
(an/the)
average (2)above
average (3)on
average
of (4
)with
an
average
of
2.common,
usual,
ordinary
(5)Snow
is
in
cold
countries.?
(6)Are
you
coming
home
at
the
time??
(7)An
workday
is
eight
hours.?
答案:(5)common (6)usual (7)usual/ordinary
3.besides,
except,
except
for,
apart
from
(8)
an
old
lady,
the
bus
was
empty.?
(9)I
went
nowhere
the
library.?
(10)I
think
she
has
many
good
qualities
being
very
beautiful.?
答案:(8)Except
for/Apart
from (9)except
/apart
from
(10)besides/apart
from(共72张PPT)
Section
C WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.iron
n. ?
2.hammer
n.
?
3.retire
vi.
?
4.leadership
n.
?
5.forwards
adv. ?
6.collapse
vi.
?
7.faith
n.
?
8.discipline
n. vt. ?
9.fashion
n. ?
10.bridal
adj.
?
11.label
n. vt. ?
12.entrance
n.
?
铁;熨斗
榔头;锤子
退休;退职
领导;领导地位
向前
突然倒下;倒塌
相信;信任
自制力
惩罚,处罚
时尚
婚礼的;新娘的
便签,标记
贴标签于
进入许可;入口
13.
n.收入;收益?
14.
adj.公认的;经过检验的?
15.
v.捐献;促成?
16.
n.方式,特点?
17.
n.奉献;忠心?
18.
adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的?
19.
n.推荐信;谈到,提及?
20.
vt.创立;创建?
21.
n.嫌弃;拒绝接受?
22.
n.设计师,设计者?
23.
adv.痛苦地;愤恨地?
24.
n.提升,晋升?
income
recognised
contribute
style
devotion
advanced
reference
found
rejection
designer
bitterly
promotion
重点短语
1.retire
from
?
2.
造成;对……做贡献?
3. 承担;呈现;接受;从事?
4. 偿清;取得成功;得到回报?
从……退休
contribute
to
take
on
pay
off
重点句式
1.He
had
a
good
job
and
a
life
there,but
he
gave
it
all
up
to
return
to
home,
driven
by
the
idea
that
he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.
2.Rowling’s
first
novel
was
rejected
by
12
publishers
before
it
was
finally
published,yet
paradoxically,it
was
this
experience
that
helped
her
to
succeed...
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P40课文,搭配段落大意。
1.Paragraph
1
?
2.Paragraph
2
?
3.Paragraph
3
?
4.Paragraph
4
?
A.Lang
Ping’s
achievements
as
a
coach.
B.Lang
Ping’s
style
and
achievements
as
a
player.
C.Contributions
of
Lang
Ping
in
China’s
volleyball
history.
D.Awards
given
to
Lang
Ping.
答案:
CBAD
B.根据P43课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.Why
did
Huang
Danian
choose
to
return
to
home?
A.He
had
lived
in
the
UK
too
long.
B.He
was
tired
of
living
in
the
UK.
C.He
thought
he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.
D.China
offered
a
good
job
and
a
happy
life.
2.Which
of
the
following
has
nothing
to
do
with
Huang
Danian?
A.Deep
earth
exploration
programme.
B.A
state-of-the
art
lab.
C.Tiangong-2.
D.Shenzhou-2.
答案:C
答案:D
3.What
can
we
know
about
Huang
Danian’s
disease?
A.It
was
diagnosed
in
2012.
B.It
left
him
only
a
couple
of
months
to
live.
C.It
contributed
to
his
death
in
January
2017.
D.It
resulted
in
his
quitting
his
work
immediately.
4.What
is
the
fifth
paragraph
mainly
talking
about?
A.Huang
Danian’s
struggle
against
the
disease.
B.Huang
Danian’s
work
always
came
first.
C.Huang
Danian’s
hope
for
the
young.
D.Huang
Danian’s
death
and
funeral.
答案:B
答案:C
C.根据P44-45课文内容,完成下面表格(每空一词)。
Name
Experiences
J.K.Rowling
The
failure
of
her
first
novel
made
her
more
determined
and
1 .?
Steve
Jobs
The
2 early
in
his
career
freed
him
to
enter
one
of
the
most
3 periods
in
his
life.?
Bill
Gates
The
4 of
his
first
company
didn’t
work.But
he
learned
a
5
and
it
contributed
to
his
global
success
that
is
now
Microsoft.?
Vera
Wang
She
was
a
failure
6
as
an
ice
skater
and
an
editor.Then
she
set
up
her
own
bridal
fashion
label
and
has
7 a
global
fashion
empire.?
Ang
Lee
He
8 either
as
a
student
or
as
an
actor.However,his
wife
9
him
greatly
and
he
was
determined
to
10
with
his
dream,which
led
to
his
success.?
答案:1.disciplined 2.failure 3.creative 4.product
5.lesson 6.both 7.built 8.failed 9.encouraged
10.stick
重点词汇
1.Lang
Ping
is
one
of
China’s
most
recognised
athletes.郎平是中国最受认可的运动员之一。(P40)
【词汇精讲】在本句中recognised用作形容词,意为“公认的;经过检验的”。美式英语写作recognized。
Using
short,easily
recognised
words
can
make
your
text
widely
accepted.
使用简短、容易识别的单词可以让你的文章被广泛接受。
【词汇拓展】
It
is
generally
recognised
that...人们公认……
recognise
v.辨认出;承认,认可
recognise
sb/sth
by/from...根据/通过……认出某人/某物,辨别出某人/某物
recognise
sb/sth
as/to
be承认,认可,把某人/某物认作
be
recognised
as被公认为/承认是……
recognise
that...承认……,意识到……
recognition
n.认出;认可
out
of/beyond
recognition认不出来
It
is
recognised
that
traffic
jam
has
become
one
serious
problem
to
citizens.
人们认识到,交通堵塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。
The
salesgirl
looked
at
him
for
a
second,and
then
recognised
him
and
said,“Oh,hi!”
售货员看了他一会儿,认出了他,说道:“哦,你好!”
Our
behaviour
is
often
shaped
by
little
pressures
around
us,
which
we
fail
to
recognise.
我们的行为经常受到我们周围细小压力的影响,而这一点我们却没意识到。
【词汇辨析】
recognise、realise与know
(1)recognise
(=know
again;make
out)指在原先认识的基础上认出,为瞬间动词,不能与一段时间状语连用;
(2)realise
(=come
to
know)“意识到,认识到(问题、错误等)”,也是瞬间动词;
(3)know为延续性动词,可与一段时间状语连用,强调认识这一状态。如:
Some
day
you
will
come
to
realise
the
importance
of
saving.
将来你会逐渐意识到节约的重要性。
I
have
known
him
too
long
and
too
well
to
be
a
fair
judge.
我认识他太久,跟他也太熟,因此很难做个公正的判断人。
2.She
has
been
a
volleyball
star
for
more
than
thirty-five
years
and
has
contributed
greatly
to
the
sport,which
has
made
her
the
most
popular
figure
in
China’s
volleyball
history.她已经成为排球明星超过三十五年,为这项运动做出了巨大的贡献,这使她成为中国排球史上最受欢迎的人物。(P40)
【词汇精讲】在本句中contribute用作动词,意为“捐献;促成”,还可以意为“投稿”。
He
contributed
half
of
his
savings
to
earthquake
victims.
他将一半的积蓄捐献给了地震灾区人民。
Students
are
encouraged
to
contribute
articles
to
the
university
magazine.
学生受到鼓励向校刊投稿。
【词汇拓展】
contribute
to对……做出贡献;投入……;促成;有助于(to是介词)
contributor
n.投稿者;捐助者
contribution
n.贡献,捐献,捐助;稿件
make
a
contribution
to
(doing)为……做出贡献(to是介词)
Such
rude
riding
contributes
to
the
disorder
of
traffic.
像这样野蛮开车导致了交通混乱。
Failure
can
make
a
positive
contribution
to
your
life
once
you
learn
to
use
it.
一旦你学会利用失败,它可以对你的生活做出积极的贡献。
【词汇辨析】
contribute与donate
contribute与donate
意义相近,但donate强调“无偿捐献”,一般指捐赠钱财;contribute强调“做出贡献”。此外,
contribute还可表示“投稿,有助于”。
She
asked
him
to
contribute
a
weekly
article
on
European
affairs.
她约他每周写一篇有关欧洲情况的文稿。
He
has
donated
a
lot
of
money
to
cancer
research
in
the
past
few
years.
过去几年,他为癌症研究捐了很多钱。
3.After
retiring
as
an
athlete
in
1986
she
has
been
successful
as
a
volleyball
coach
in
the
United
States
and
Italy.1986年作为一名运动员退役后,她在美国和意大利成为了一名成功的排球教练。(P40)
【词汇精讲】在本句中retire用作动词,意为“退休;退职”;短语retire
from意为“从……退休/退出”。
My
father
retired
at
the
age
of
60.
我父亲六十岁时退休了。
When
Jim’s
uncle
retired
from
the
railway
company,he
was
given
a
gold
watch.
吉姆的伯父从铁路公司退休时得到一块金表。
【词汇拓展】
retire
on退休后靠……(生活)
retire
to退休后去往
retirement
n.退休;退役
The
old
worker
decided
to
retire
to
the
countryside.
那名老工人决定退休后搬到乡下去。
She
took
to
painting
after
retirement.
她退休后爱上了绘画。
4.Huang
was
named
lead
scientist
on
China’s
deep
earth
exploration
programme,developing
advanced
cameras
that
can
see
through
the
Earth’s
crust
so
that
it
can
be
analysed
without
having
to
dig
into
it.黄被任命为中国深度地球探索计划的首席科学家,他开发了能够透视地壳的先进相机,这样就可以不用深入地壳进行分析。(P43)
【词汇精讲】在本句中advanced用作形容词,意为“先进的;高级的;晚期的”。
England
is
an
advanced
industrial
country.
英国是一个发达的工业国家。
The
ancient
Egyptians
had
advanced
civilisation.
古埃及人曾经拥有高度文明。
Thanks
to
the
advanced
technology,we
live
in
an
age
of
better
communication.
得益于先进的技术,我们生活在一个更好交流的时代。
【词汇拓展】
advance
n.前进;提升
make
(an)
advance取得进步
in
advance事先,提前
in
advance
of在……前面;在……之前
advance
vt.&vi.前进;提前
advance
the
friendly
relations
between...增进……间的友好关系
advance
the
growth
of...促进……的生长
advanced
adj.高级的,高等的,先进的
advancement
n.发展
Mother
had
just
said
that
if
I
wanted
to
have
a
better
career
advancement,
I
had
to
find
work
in
the
city.
妈妈刚刚说过,如果我想要有更好的职业发展,就必须在城里找工作。
China
has
been
advancing
rapidly
in
industry
over
the
years.
这些年中国在工业上发展很快。
China
has
made
great
advances
in
science
and
technology
in
the
past
decade.
在过去十年里,中国在科技方面取得了巨大进步。
5.Even
from
his
hospital
bed,he
continued
his
work,writing
letters
of
reference
for
his
colleagues
and
replying
to
questions
from
his
students.即使躺在医院的病床上,他仍继续工作,为同事写推荐信,回答学生的问题。(P43)
【词汇精讲】在本句中reference用作名词,意为“推荐信;谈到,提及”。
The
textbooks
and
dictionaries
can
be
used
as
reference
books
while
the
magazines
serve
as
reading
materials.
教科书和字典可以作为参考书,而杂志可以作为阅读材料。
【词汇拓展】
in/with
reference
to关于
refer
v.把……提交;把……归因;归类;参考;谈及;咨询
refer
to...as...把……称作
refer...to...把……提交给……
refer
to查阅;提到;涉及
If,
one
week
from
the
date
of
written
notice,
the
pet
is
not
removed,
the
student
is
referred
to
the
Student
Court.
从书面通知之日起一周内如果宠物不被移除,这名学生就交由学生法庭处理。
This
typical
sleep
pattern
is
usually
referred
to
as
the
“night
owl”
schedule
of
sleep.
这种典型的睡眠模式通常被称作“猫头鹰”型睡眠。
We
were
completely
in
the
dark
in/with
reference
to
his
future
plans.
关于他的未来计划我们全然不知。
【用法点津】
refer
to词义丰富,平时要注意辨识。
(1)refer
to常表示“查阅”或“参考”之意。如:
If
you
want
to
know
his
telephone
number,you
may
refer
to
the
telephone
directory.
如果你想知道他的电话号码,你可以查电话簿。
(2)refer
to也可表示“谈到”或“提到”之意。如:
Please
don’t
refer
to
his
past
again.
请别再提他的往事了。
The
old
soldier
referred
to
his
experiences
during
the
Long
March.
老战士谈到了他长征时的经历。
(3)refer
to还可表示“涉及”之意。如:
These
books
refer
to
Asian
problems.
这些书涉及亚洲问题。
(4)refer
to也常表示“指的是”之意。如:
When
I
said
some
people
are
stupid,
I
wasn’t
referring
to
you.
当我说有些人很愚蠢时,我并不是指你。
(5)refer
to...as...意为“把……称作……”。如:
He
is
referred
to
as
a
living
Lei
Feng.
他被称作是一个活雷锋。
6.I
discovered
that
I
had
a
strong
will,and
more
discipline
than
I
had
expected.我发现我有一个坚强的意志,比我预想的更自律。
(P44)
【词汇精讲】在本句中discipline用作名词,意为“自制力”,还可以意为“纪律;训练;学科”;还可以用作动词,意为“惩罚,处罚”,还可意为“训练”。
The
dog
was
disciplined
by
a
professional
trainer.
那条狗由一位专业训练师训练。
7.Talented
fashion
designer
Vera
Wang
has
built
a
global
fashion
empire,yet
life
wasn’t
always
so
straightforward.才华横溢的时装设计师王薇薇已经建立了一个全球时尚帝国,但生活并不总是那么简单。(P44)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中fashion用作名词,意为“时尚”,还可以意为“风格;样子”。
She
was
the
queen
of
fashion
during
the
1960s.
她是20世纪60年代的时尚女王。
Research
shows
that
men
are
beginning
to
follow
fashion.
研究显示,男性开始追求时尚。
【词汇拓展1】
after
a
fashion勉强,不很好
come
into
fashion流行,入时
in
fashion流行的
in
the
fashion
of
sb像……一样;模仿……
He
knows
English
after
a
fashion.
他多少懂一点英语。
However,
a
new
type
of
humour,
which
stems
largely
from
America,
has
recently
come
into
fashion.
然而,一种主要起源于美国的新式幽默,最近蔚然成风了。
Long
skirts
for
women
are
in
fashion
again.
女长裙又开始流行了。
【词汇精讲2】在本句中designer用作名词,意为“设计师,设计者”。
She
was
dressed
by
a
leading
New
York
designer.
她穿着纽约杰出设计师设计的服装。
She
is
an
industrial
designer.
她是一名工业设计师。
【词汇拓展2】
design
vt.&
n.设计;图案;构思;计划
design...for...为……而设计……
be
designed
for/to
do旨在;打算被用来做
by
design
=
on
purpose故意地;蓄意地
This
range
of
clothing
is
specially
designed
for
shorter
women.
这种服装系列是专为身材较矮的女士设计的。
“Smart
home”
technology
is
designed
to
make
life
easier
for
people
by
letting
computers
control
many
things
inside
their
homes.
“智能家居”技术的目的是让电脑控制人们家中的许多东西,让人们的生活变得更轻松。
8.After
15
years
at
the
magazine,she
was
passed
over
for
promotion
to
editor-in-chief.在杂志社工作了十五年后,她没有被提升为总编。(P44)
【词汇精讲】在本句中promotion用作名词,意为“提升,晋升”;还可以意为“促进;促销”。
There
are
good
chances
of
promotion
in
this
firm.
这家公司里晋升的好机会很多。
This
year’s
sales
promotions
haven’t
been
very
successful.
今年的销售促销不是很成功。
【词汇拓展】
promote
vt.促进;提升;促销
promote
sb
(from...)
to...把某人(从……)提升到……
promote
products促销产品
promote
world
peace促进世界和平
Sweetie,my
company
wants
to
promote
me
but
needs
me
to
work
in
Brazil.
亲爱的,我的公司想要提拔我,但需要我到巴西工作。
Sharing
bread
or
other
foods
is
a
common
human
tradition
that
can
promote
unity
and
trust.共享面包或其他食物是常见的人类传统,能够促进团结和信任。
重点句式
1.He
had
a
good
job
and
a
life
there,but
he
gave
it
all
up
to
return
to
home,driven
by
the
idea
that
he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.他在那里有一份好工作,过着舒适的生活,但他为了回家而放弃了一切,因为他认为自己需要为国家做出贡献。(P43)
【句式剖析】句中名词idea后that引导一个同位语从句。
With
all
the
international
effort
being
made,we
have
to
have
faith
that
there
will
be
solutions
in
time
to
stop
this
virus.
因为有国际社会的共同努力,我们必须相信我们迟早会有办法阻止这种病毒的。
【句式拓展】
“n.+that引导的同位语从句”中,that在从句中没有任何实际语义,仅作为从句引导词,在从句中不作任何成分。类似的名词还有:news、fact、promise、plan、theory、hope、truth、information、belief、conclusion、question、doubt、thought、message、suggestion、words(消息)、possibility等(一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。
提示:n.后也可以加that引导的定语从句,这时,that在从句中一般会充当从句的主语或者宾语。
试比较:
Have
you
heard
the
news
that
they
won
the
game?
(同位语从句)
Have
you
heard
the
news
that
surprised
all
her
friends?(定语从句)
2.Rowling’s
first
novel
was
rejected
by
12
publishers
before
it
was
finally
published,yet
paradoxically,it
was
this
experience
that
helped
her
to
succeed...罗琳的第一部小说在最终出版前被十二家出版商拒绝,然而矛盾的是,正是这段经历帮助她获得了成功……(P44)
【句式剖析】这是一个并列复合句,由yet连接两个并列分句;第一个分句中,before引导一个时间状语从句;第二个分句中it
was...that...是一个强调句。
It
was
a
hot
summer
day
that
found
me
running
down
the
street
with
a
dollar
in
my
sweaty
hand.
那是一个炎热的夏季的一天,我汗津津的手里攥着一美元正沿着街道奔跑。
【句式拓展】
(1)强调句型的基本句式是:
It
is
/was+被强调部分+
that
+
句子的余下部分。它可以对句中除谓语动词以外的成分加以强调。如:
It
was
an
old
beggar
that
Mary
met
in
the
street
yesterday.
昨天玛丽在街上遇见的是个老乞丐。(强调宾语)
It
was
between
1989
and
1999
that
great
changes
took
place
in
our
hometown.
我们家乡的巨大变化发生在1989年到1999年年间。(强调时间状语)
It
was
to
a
nearby
hospital
that
Ann’s
husband
rushed
her
last
night.
昨晚安的丈夫立即送她去的是一家附近的医院。(强调地点状语)
(2)强调句型中,被强调部分常常带有名词性从句、定语从句等。如:
It
was
for
the
reason
that
his
mother
had
fallen
ill
that
he
would
not
accept
our
invitation.
他妈妈病了,是因为这个原因他不愿接受我们的邀请。(reason后跟同位语从句)
It
was
in
the
shop
that
opened
last
month
that
I
bought
this
computer.
我是在上个月开张的那家商店买的这电脑。(shop后跟定语从句)
文化意识
Albert
Einstein
said,“If
you
want
to
live
a
happy
life,tie
it
to
a
goal.”Goals
are
important
in
many
ways.Setting
goals
gives
you
a
focus
in
life.By
setting
goals
now,you
are
deciding
what
you
want
to
achieve
in
the
future.Then
you
know
where
you
are
going
in
life
and
can
work
hard
to
get
there.Setting
goals
also
helps
you
develop
good
habits.To
realise
your
goals,you
need
to
have
a
good
plan,manage
your
time
well
and
pay
attention
to
details.These
habits
will
be
helpful.Finally,setting
goals
makes
you
more
confident.When
you
achieve
a
goal,you
see
the
result
of
your
hard
work
and
know
how
much
progress
you
have
made.A
goal
is
a
dream
that
needs
action.As
a
result
of
your
action,your
dream
will
come
true
and
hopefully
you
will
live
a
happy
life.
高分写作
生活故事
一、审题定调
生活故事是通过描写人物,即通过文字间接地把人物的外貌、性格等呈现给读者。生活故事的特点是通过某个故事用语言描绘人物的外表、行为、心理活动等。
二、谋篇布局
本写作任务可以分成三个部分:
第一部分——引入话题(开门见山,直接说出生活故事所涉及的人物的评价等);
第二部分——具体介绍(故事发生的时间、地点、方式、过程、结果等);
第三部分——呼应第一段,总体评价或作者的感想。
三、注意点
1.选好角度,顺序合理
角度是指用第一人称还是第三人称来描写人物。用第一人称时,主要是本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事;用第三人称时,则主要是他人的经历。顺序是指以怎样的顺序描写人物,刻画人物的性格。一般采用从外表到内心活动的叙述,把描写的重点放在与其他人物的不同之处。
2.突出重点,选材精确
发生在一个人物身上的事很多,写作时,我们要抓住其显著的、与众不同的方面,也要抓住体现人物性格的主要活动和事件。
3.稍加评论,画龙点睛
在描述和叙述中,要叙述议论相结合,不要一味地叙述,要对人物事实评价,突出人物性格。
4.语言精练,时态准确
在生活故事人物描写中,语言要简短精练,生动感人。另外,时态的使用要视实际情况而定。
四、组织语言
1.He
is
not
very
strong
but
healthy
and
full
of
energy.他不是很强壮,但很健康,充满活力。
2.He
is
easy
to
get
along
with.他很容易相处。
3.He
is
not
only
tall
but
also
strong.他又高又壮。
4.Her
dream
is
to
be
a
dancer.她的梦想是成为一名舞蹈演员。
5.She
always
smiles
when
she
speaks
to
us.当她和我们说话时,她总是微笑。
6.Sometimes
she
is
very
strict
with
us.有时她对我们很严格。
7.I
think
that
I’ll
do
well
in
the
exam
with
Mr
Li
teaching
me.我想有李先生教我,我会考得很好。
8.Her
behaviour
makes
everyone
like
having
her
class.她的行为使每个人都喜欢上她的课。
9.My
mother’s
name
is
Nancy.She
has
long
hair
and
two
big
eyes.我妈妈的名字叫南希。她有一头长发和两只大眼睛。
10.My
mother
likes
sports
and
shopping.Her
favourite
sports
are
football
and
yoga.And
her
favourite
food
is
ice
cream.She
also
likes
dogs
and
cats.我妈妈喜欢运动和购物。她最喜欢的运动是足球和瑜伽。她最喜欢的食物是冰激凌。她也喜欢狗和猫。
请根据下面文字,写一篇生活小故事。
一名来自美国的男孩得到了许多警察的关爱。男孩的父亲是一名警察,他被派往国外执行任务时身亡。幸运的是小男孩父亲的同事们决定保护他、照顾他,直到他长大成人。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Recently,I
was
moved
by
a
piece
of
warming
news.A
boy
from
America
was
loved
by
a
lot
of
policemen.
The
boy’s
father
was
a
policeman
and
was
sent
to
a
foreign
country.Unluckily,he
died.The
world
was
sad
for
him.This
man
left
his
wife
and
a
small
boy
forever.The
lucky
thing
for
the
little
boy
was
that
his
father’s
workmates
decided
to
protect
and
love
this
boy
until
he
grew
up.
Love
has
been
continued
from
this
story.For
most
people,they
are
lucky
to
be
loved
by
parents
and
friends,while
for
others,they
got
care
from
the
public.No
matter
what
kind
of
difficulty
we
will
face,we
can’t
give
up
hope,because
there
is
always
someone
who
loves
us.
Ⅰ.概要写作
根据P40课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
As
one
of
China’s
best-known
athletes,contributions
of
Lang
Ping
in
China’s
volleyball
history
are
absolute
and
irreplaceable.(要点1)
The
name
“Iron
Hammer”
resulted
from
her
powerful
playing
style
and
earned
her
great
achievements
as
a
player.(要点2)In
1995,she
returned
from
abroad
to
become
the
coach
of
the
women’s
national
team
and
led
the
team
from
victory
to
victory.(要点3)Lang
Ping’s
devotion
to
her
career
and
influence
on
the
sport
of
volleyball
are
loved
by
us.(要点4)
Ⅱ.课文语篇填空
Huang
Danian, 1 renowned
Chinese
geophysicist,is
a
keen
and
able
student
2
studying
in
the
UK
in
1993.As
one
of
the
world’s
leading
3
(expert)in
deep
earth
exploration
technology,he
4
(return)to
home
to
contribute
to
his
country
after
living
and
working
in
the
UK
for
15
years.He
tried
his
best
to
make
great
contributions
5
his
country,sometimes
6
(use)
his
own
money.He
helped
China’s
lunar
probe
Yutu
7
(land)on
the
moon
in
2013
and
launch
the
spacecrafts
Shenzhou-11
and
Tiangong-2
in
2016.However,he
was
8 dedicated
to
his
work
to
notice
his
health.In
November
2016,he
9
(diagnose)with
cancer.Even
in
hospital,he
paid
full
attention
to
his
work
and
the
youth.He
died
in
January
2017, 10 (age)just
58.His
life
was
short
but
burned
bright.?
答案:1.the 2.before 3.experts 4.returned 5.to 6.using 7.land 8.too 9.was
diagnosed 10.aged
