(共15张PPT)
单元重点小结
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
人与自然 环境保护
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
1.recycle
vt.再利用,回收利用
recycled
paper再生纸
recycling
n.回收利用
2.balance
n.平衡
keep
a
balance
between
A
and
B在A和B之间保持平衡
keep/lose
one’s
balance保持/失去平衡
a
sense
of
balance平衡感
balanced
adj.平衡的,均衡的
a
balanced
diet均衡的饮食
a
balanced
life均衡的生活
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
3.shoot
n.芽,苗;嫩枝 v.射中;射击
shoot
at
sth/sb向……射击
shoot
sth/sb射中某人/物
shoot的过去式,过去分词为shot。
shot除了作为shoot的过去式,过去分词,还可以作为名词,意为“射击,枪声;射门,击球;注射”。
4.bothered
adj.担心的;烦恼的
hot
and
bothered忧心忡忡
bother
v.烦扰;打扰;使不安
bother
sb
with
sth为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother
about/with
sth为某事烦恼
bother
to
do
sth费心做某事
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
5.foundation
n.基础;地基
lay
the
foundation打地基
found
vt.创立;建立
founder
n.创办人,创始者
6.involve
vi.
&
vt.参与;包含;需要;涉及
involve
sb
doing
sth需要某人做某事
get/become
involved
in参与;卷入;与……有关联
involve
oneself
in
参与;卷入;与……有关联
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
7.profit
n.盈利,利润
a
rise/an
increase/a
drop/a
fall
in
profits收益的上升/增长/跌落/下降
a
healthy/good
profit获利颇丰
make
a
profit获利
net
profit纯利润
non-profit
adj.非营利的
for
profit为了盈利
at
a
profit有盈利
8.contented
adj.满意的;满足的
content
n.内容;目录;所容纳之物;所含之物(多用复数) adj.满意的
be
content
with对……满意
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
9.occur
vi.发生;出现
occur不用于被动语态;过去式和过去分词为occurred;现在分词为occurring。
sth
occur
to
sb某人想到某物
It
occurs
to
sb
that...某人突然想到……
10.proposal
n.提议;建议
make
a
proposal提出建议
submit
a
proposal提交建议
accept
a
proposal接受建议
propose
vt.提议
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
11.slim
adj.微小的;苗条的;薄的 vi.减肥
slim
down消瘦,减肥;缩减
slimming
diets减肥食谱
12.survival
n.生存
survive
vi.&
vt.生存;挺过(难关)
survivor
n.幸存者;生还者
arrive→arrival
refuse→refusal
approve→approval
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
13.rate
n.比率,率;速度
birth
rate出生率
interest
rate利息率
unemployment
rate失业率
the
success/failure
rate成功率/失败率
at
any
rate无论如何;至少
14.overcome
vt.克服(困难);控制(感情)
overcome的过去式,过去分词分别为overcame,overcome。
get
over克服
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
15.determination
n.决心;毅力
determine
vt.决定;确定
determine
to
do
sth决定做某事
determined
adj.坚决的;有决心的
be
determined
to
do
sth决心做某事
16.come
up
with想出;提出
put
up
with忍受,容忍
catch
up
with赶上
keep
up
with跟上
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
17.track
vt.追踪 n.轨道;足迹,踪迹;小道
tracking
system追踪系统
tracking
station跟踪站
track
down追踪到;追查到
be
on
the
right
track思路正确
keep
track
of了解……的动态
get
off
the
track偏离正题
18.official
n.官员,高级职员 adj.公务的;官方的
officially
adv.官方地;正式地
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
19.attitude
n.看法,态度
attitude多与介词towards或to连用。
altitude
n.高度;海拔
20.take
part
in参加
take
part
in的近义词组是participate
in。
如果part之前有形容词修饰,通常加不定冠词。
take
part
in后若无宾语,需去掉in。
21.cut
back
on削减,缩减
cut
down削减,缩小(on);砍倒
cut
in插嘴,打断(谈话)
cut
across/through抄近路穿过
cut
off切掉;中断;使……与外界隔绝
cut
out删除;剪下
cut
up切开,切碎
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
22.majority
n.大多数
the
majority
of大多数
in
the
majority占大多数
minority
n.少数
in
the
minority占少数
major
adj.主要的 n.主修科目;专业;某专业的学生 v.主修
major
in主修……科目
23.indicate
v.表明;暗示
indication
n.指出;迹象;指示
24.build-up
n.增长;加强
build
up增多,加强;增强……的体质,使更加强壮
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
1.Well,say
you
leave
the
tap
running
while
you
brush
your
teeth,leave
a
light
on
when
you
go
out
or
you
drop
a
piece
of
litter
and
can’t
be
bothered
to
pick
it
up.
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
2.In
Europe,Sweden
is
setting
a
great
example
when
it
comes
to
recycling.
在欧洲,瑞典在回收利用方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
3.They’re
also
setting
a
great
example
for
others
about
how
to
make
the
best
of
a
bad
situation.
他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样,告诉他们如何在糟糕的情况下做出最好的选择。
主题语境
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
1.动词的-ing形式和-ed形式作定语、状语、宾语补足语
No
one
is
allowed
to
speak
aloud
in
the
reading
room.
阅览室里不准大声说话。
The
retired
man
was
very
interested
in
painting.
那位退休的人对绘画非常感兴趣。
2.既可作动词也可作名词的单词
aim
v.瞄准;旨在 n.目标;目的
question
v.询问;质疑 n.问题(共78张PPT)
UNIT
8 GREEN
LIVING
素养导航
晨读晚诵
素养导航
晨读晚诵
Going
green
seems
to
be
a
fad①for
a
lot
of
people
these
days.Whether
that
is
good
or
bad,we
can’t
really
say,but
for
the
two
of
us,going
green
is
not
a
fad
but
a
lifestyle.
On
April
22,2011,we
decided
to
go
green
every
single
day
for
an
entire
year.This
meant
doing
365
different
green
things,and
it
also
meant
challenging
ourselves
to
go
green
beyond
the
easy
things.Rather
than
recycle
and
reduce
our
energy,we
had
to
think
of
365
different
green
things
to
do
and
this
was
no
easy
task.
素养导航
晨读晚诵
With
the
idea
of
going
green
every
single
day
for
a
year,Our
Green
Year
started.My
wife
and
I
decided
to
educate
people
about
how
they
could
go
green
in
their
lives
and
hoped
we
could
show
people
all
the
green
things
that
could
be
done
to
help
the
environment.We
wanted
to
push
the
message
that
every
little
bit
helps.
Over
the
course
of
Our
Green
Year,we
completely
changed
our
lifestyles.We
now
shop
at
organic②
stores.We
consume
less
meat,choosing
green
food.We
have
greatly
reduced
our
buying
we
don’t
need.We
have
given
away
half
of
what
we
owned
through
websites.Our
home
is
kept
clean
by
vinegar③and
lemon
juice,with
no
chemical
cleaners.We
make
our
own
butter,enjoying
the
smell
of
home-made
fresh
bread.In
our
home
office
anyone
caught
doing
something
ungreen④might
be
punished.
素养导航
晨读晚诵
Our
minds
have
been
changed
by
Our
Green
Year.We
are
grateful
for
the
chance
to
have
been
able
to
go
green
and
educate
others.We
believe
that
we
do
have
the
power
to
change
things
and
help
our
planet.
词海拾贝
①fad
n.时尚
②organic
adj.有机的
③vinegar
n.醋
④ungreen
adj.非绿色的;对环境有害的;与环境保护无关的
素养导航
晨读晚诵
典句欣赏
My
wife
and
I
decided
to
educate
people
about
how
they
could
go
green
in
their
lives
and
hoped
we
could
show
people
all
the
green
things
that
could
be
done
to
help
the
environment.
译文:我的妻子和我决定教育人们如何在他们的生活中变得环保,并希望我们可以向人们展示所有可以做的环保行为来改善环境。
分析:本句的主干是My
wife
and
I
decided...and
hoped...。“how
they
could
go
green
in
their
lives”是about的宾语从句,“we
could
show
people
all
the
green
things
that
could
be
done
to
help
the
environment”是宾语从句,其中“that
could
be
done
to
help
the
environment”是定语从句修饰all
the
green
things。
素养导航
晨读晚诵
探究思辨
1.What
might
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
2.What
did
the
couple
do
over
the
course
of
Our
Green
Year?
答案1.Going
Green.
2.They
tried
to
get
out
of
their
ungreen
habits.
Section
A TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
Ⅲ
1.tap
n.
?
2.tissue
n. ?
3.ocean
n. ?
4.smog
n. ?
5.desert
n. ?
6.electricity
n. ?
7.battery
n. ?
8.carbon
n. ?
9.flat
n.
adj. ?
10.root
n. ?
龙头;阀门
纸巾
海洋;大海
雾霾
沙漠
电
电池
碳
一套公寓房,一套住房
平坦的
树根
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
11.
adj.全球的,全世界的?
12.
adj.工业的?
13.
n.灭绝?
14.
n.解决,解决办法?
15.
n.交通运输系统,运输方式?
16.
vi.&
vt.再利用,回收利用?
17.
n.平衡?
18.
n.芽,苗;嫩枝 vt.射中;射击?
19.
adj.担心的;烦恼的?
global
industrial
extinction
solution
transport
recycle
balance
shoot
bothered
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
20.
n.机构;研究院?
21.
adj.坚实的;稳固的?
22.
n.基础;地基?
23.
n.砖,砖块?
24.
vt.参与;包含?
institute
firm
foundation
brick
involve
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
重点短语
Ⅲ
1. 尽自己所能做某事?
2.
懒得做某事?
3. 采取行动?
4. 全世界?
do
my
part
for
sth
not
be
bothered
to
do
sth
take
action
all
around
the
world
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
重点句式
重点语法
Ⅲ
Well,say
you
leave
the
tap
running
while
you
brush
your
teeth,leave
a
light
on
when
you
go
out
or
you
drop
a
piece
of
litter
and
can’t
be
bothered
to
pick
it
up.
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作定语、状语、宾语补足语
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P31课文,匹配段落大意
Para
1. A.The
meaning
of
the
name.
Para
2.
B.The
significance
of
individuals.
Para
3.
C.The
establishment
of
Roots
&
Shoots.
Para
4.
D.“Just-me-ism”
is
harmful
to
the
environment.
答案A.Para
1.D Para
2.C Para
3.A Para
4.B
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
B.阅读P31课文,选出最佳答案
1.How
did
the
writer
show
us
what
is
“Just-me-ism”?
A.By
comparison.
B.By
giving
examples.
C.By
giving
instructions.
D.By
analyzing
cause
and
effect.
2.Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
about
Roots
&
Shoots?
A.It
is
an
international
institute.
B.It
was
established
in
the
early
1990s
by
Dr.Jane
Goodall.
C.The
roots
and
shoots
mainly
refer
to
young
people.
D.Its
purpose
is
to
educate
young
people
about
environment
issues.
答案B
答案A
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
3.What
can
we
conclude
from
the
words
of
Dr.Jane
Goodall?
A.Every
coin
has
two
sides.
B.Two
heads
are
better
than
one.
C.Where
there
is
a
will,there
is
a
way.
D.Together,individuals
make
a
difference.
答案D
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.阅读下列句子,体会并注明画线部分的用法
1.How
can
it
matter
if
I
leave
one
little
tap
running,one
little
light
on
or
leave
a
little
piece
of
litter
on
the
road?
?
2.But
just
think
of
all
the
millions
of
people
saying
to
themselves:“It
doesn’t
matter.It’s
just
me.And,anyway,no
one
knows.”
?
3.One
cheered-up
person,one
happy
dog,one
flowering
plant,and
you. ?
4.Thus
people
who
wanted
to
use
them
had
to
take
them
to
another
special
parking
place
near
their
destination
and
leave
them
there. ?
宾语补足语
定语
定语
定语
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
5.Fortunately,people
are
trying
different
ways
of
solving
those
problems. ?
6.While
recently,many
have
become
more
concerned
about
environmental
protection,there
are
still
some
who
haven’t,thinking
that
someone
else
will
deal
with
the
problem. ?
7.This
institute
was
set
up
in
the
early
1990s
by
Dr.Jane
Goodall,a
scientist
who’s
the
world’s
best-known
expert
on
wild
chimpanzees. ?
宾语
状语
定语
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
8.Do
you
want
to
be
a
part
of
a
community
for
a
shared
future? ?
9.As
I
walked
down
No.1
Street,I
saw
volunteers
encouraging
people
to
join
in. ?
10.Inspired
by
the
message
of
the
project,many
people
felt
that
we
should
act
now,as
we
have
seen
an
increasing
number
of
highly
polluted
days
this
year. ?
定语
宾语补足语
状语;定语
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
1.recycle
used
batteries
(Page
28)回收利用废旧电池
【词汇精讲】recycle用作动词,意为“再利用,回收利用”。
To
protect
the
environment,more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.
为了保护环境,更多的政府要求人们循环利用材料。
So
please
remember
these
words:reduce,reuse
and
recycle.
所以请记住这些词:减少、再利用和回收。
Denmark
recycles
nearly
85%
of
its
paper.
丹麦的纸张回收率近85%。
【词汇拓展】
recycled
paper再生纸
recycling
n.回收利用
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
2.maintaining
the
balance
between
human
and
nature
(Page
28)
保持人与大自然的平衡
【词汇精讲】balance用作名词,意为“平衡”,常用于固定搭配中。
The
girl
lost
her
balance
and
fell
off
the
balance
beam.
女孩失去了平衡,从平衡木上摔了下来。
Though
she
is
very
successful,she
finds
it
hard
to
keep
a
balance
between
her
businesses
and
her
family
life.
尽管她很成功,但她发现很难保持事业和家庭生活的平衡。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
(1)keep
a
balance
between
A
and
B
在A和B之间保持平衡
keep/lose
one’s
balance某人保持/失去平衡
a
sense
of
balance平衡感
(2)balanced
adj.平衡的,均衡的
a
balanced
diet均衡的饮食
a
balanced
life均衡的生活
You
need
a
peaceful
mind
to
live
a
balanced
life.
你需要平和的心态才能过均衡的生活。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
3.roots
and
shoots
(Page
30)
根与芽
【词汇精讲】shoot用作名词,意为“芽,苗;嫩枝”,还可以用作动词,意为“射中;射击”。
Two
weeks
after
we’d
planted
the
seeds,little
green
shoots
started
to
appear.
我们播种后两周,绿色的小嫩芽就开始长出了。
The
next
morning
I
found
the
shoots
standing
up
straight,not
a
bit
damaged.
第二天早上我发现秧苗挺立着,一点也没损坏。
He
shot
at
the
bird,but
didn’t
shoot
it.
他向那只鸟射击,但是没有射中。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
(1)shoot
at
sth/sb向……射击
shoot
sth/sb射中某人/物
shoot的过去式,过去分词为shot。
(2)shot除了作为shoot的过去式,过去分词,还可以作为名词,意为“射击,枪声;射门,击球;注射”。
Someone
took
a
shot
at
the
car.有人朝轿车开枪。
Throughout
the
first
two
games,her
team
did
not
get
one
serious
shot
on
goal.
在前两场比赛中,她的队伍都没有进行一次严格意义上的射门。
He
had
a
shot
yesterday
because
he
caught
a
cold.
他因为感冒昨天打了一针。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
4....drop
a
piece
of
litter
and
can’t
be
bothered
to
pick
it
up.(Page
31)
……掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
【词汇精讲】bothered用作形容词,意为“担心的;烦恼的”,常用于“not
be
bothered
to
do
sth”结构中,意为“懒得做某事”。
It
is
a
small
matter;don’t
get
so
hot
and
bothered.
这是小事,不要这样忧虑不安。
I
am
not
bothered
to
get
involved
in
his
business.
我懒得去管他的事情。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
hot
and
bothered忧心忡忡
bother
sb
with
sth为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother
about/with
sth为某事烦恼
bother
to
do
sth费心做某事
I
don’t
want
to
bother
you
with
my
problem.
我不想让你因为我的问题而担心。
It’s
not
worth
bothering
with
an
umbrella;the
taxi
is
just
outside.
不必打伞;出租车就在外面。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
Why
bother
to
go
to
Italy
and
Denmark,when
there
are
so
many
nice
places
here?
这里有这么多好地方,为什么还要费劲去意大利和丹麦呢?
Are
you
sure
the
station
is
on
your
way?I
don’t
want
to
give
you
any
bother.
去火车站你真的顺路吗?我不想给你添麻烦。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
5.The
organisation
is
called
Roots
&
Shoots
because
roots
move
slowly
under
the
ground
to
make
a
firm
foundation,and
shoots
seem
small
and
weak,but
they
can
break
open
brick
walls
to
reach
the
light.(Page
31)
这个组织被称为“根与芽”,因为树根在地下缓慢移动,形成坚实的地基,嫩芽看起来又小又弱,但它们可以冲出砖墙,到达光明。
【词汇精讲】foundation用作名词,意为“基础;地基”。
The
explosion
shook
the
foundations
of
the
houses
nearby.
爆炸震撼了附近房屋的地基。
These
stories
have
no
foundation.
这些故事纯属虚构。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
lay
the
foundation打地基
found
vt.创立;建立
founder
n.创办人,创始者
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
6.It
is
by
acting
together,in
this
exciting
way,that
we
can
involve
thousands—millions—of
people,and
this
is
what
is
going
to
change
the
world.(Page
31)
正是通过共同行动,以这种令人兴奋的方式,我们可以让成千上万的人——数百万人——参与进来,这就是改变世界的力量。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇精讲】involve用作动词,意为“参与;包含”,还可以表示“需要;涉及”。
We
want
to
involve
as
many
people
as
possible
in
the
celebrations.
我们希望尽可能多的人参加庆典。
The
test
will
involve
answering
questions
about
a
photograph.
考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。
This
project
involves
a
lot
of
complex
technical
problems.
这个方案牵涉许多复杂的技术问题。
The
survey
involved
496
city
residents.
调查涉及496名市民。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
involve
sb
doing
sth需要某人做某事
get/become
involved
in参与;卷入;与……有关联
involve
oneself
in
参与;卷入;与……有关联
Some
people
tried
to
stop
the
fight
but
I
didn’t
want
to
get
involved
in
their
fight.
有人设法阻止打斗,但我不想牵涉进去。
The
job
involves
me
travelling
all
over
the
country.
这份工作需要我在全国各地跑。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
Well,say
you
leave
the
tap
running
while
you
brush
your
teeth,leave
a
light
on
when
you
go
out
or
you
drop
a
piece
of
litter
and
can’t
be
bothered
to
pick
it
up.(Page
31)
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“leave
the
tap
running”和“leave
a
light
on”都属于leave复合结构。
The
teacher
left
little
Tom
standing
all
the
time.
老师让小汤姆一直站着。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【句式拓展】
“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,意为“使……处于某种状态”。常在此结构中用作宾语补足语的有:现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、介词短语。
Don’t
leave
her
waiting
outside
in
the
rain.
别让她在外面的雨中等待。
Don’t
leave
your
work
unfinished.
工作不要半途而废。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
His
father
died,leaving
him
an
orphan.
他爸爸去世了,他成了孤儿。
Leave
the
door
open,please.
请让门开着吧。
The
air
was
polluted,leaving
many
people
in
danger.
空气被污染了,使得很多人处于危险中。
Video
games
can
be
a
poor
influence
if
it
is
left
in
the
wrong
hands.
如果操作不当,电子游戏就会产生不良影响。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
动词-ing形式和-ed形式作定语、状语、宾语补足语
一、动词的-ing形式和-ed形式作定语
动词-ing作定语多表示动作的进行或主动,也可指事物的用途,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的主动关系;动词-ed形式作定语多表示被动或完成,单个的词作定语往往前置,词组往往后置,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的被动关系。
No
one
is
allowed
to
speak
aloud
in
the
reading
room.(用途)
阅览室里不准大声说话。
The
boy
playing
football
on
the
playground
is
my
younger
brother.(进行和主动)
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
China
is
a
developing
country.(表示动作的进行)
中国是一个发展中国家。
We
must
adapt
our
thinking
to
the
changed
conditions.(完成)
我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。
The
retired
man
was
very
interested
in
painting.(完成)
那位退休的人对绘画非常感兴趣。
The
injured
workers
are
now
being
taken
good
care
of
in
the
hospital.(被动)
受伤的工人现在在医院接受良好的照料。
Who
were
the
so-called
guests
invited
to
your
party
last
night?(被动)
昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
二、动词-ing形式和-ed形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语时表示的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。动词-ed形式作状语时表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Not
knowing
what
to
do,he
went
to
his
parents
for
help.(he和know之间是主动关系)
由于不知如何是好,他去找父母帮忙。
Given
more
attention,the
trees
could
have
grown
better.(give和the
trees之间是被动关系)
如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本可以长得更好。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
1.动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语,表示原因、时间、方式、伴随情况、结果或条件等,其逻辑主语是句子的主语,二者之间是主动关系。
(1)作原因状语,相当于原因状语从句。
Being
poor,he
couldn’t
afford
a
computer.
=As
he
was
poor,he
couldn’t
afford
a
computer.
因为穷,他买不起电脑。
(2)作时间状语,相当于时间状语从句,有时可以在v.-ing形式前加一个表时间的连词,如when,while等。
Hearing
the
news,they
immediately
set
off
for
Shanghai.
=When
they
heard
the
news,they
immediately
set
off
for
Shanghai.
听到这个消息,他们立即动身去上海。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
(3)作方式状语,相当于and连接的并列句。
He
came
running
all
the
way.
=He
came
and
was
running
all
the
way.
他一路跑着来的。
(4)作伴随状语,相当于and连接的并列句。
He
walked
down
the
river,singing
softly
to
himself.
=He
walked
down
the
river
and
sang
softly
to
himself.
他沿着河流一边走,一边轻轻地唱。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
(5)作结果状语。
European
football
is
played
in
80
countries,making
it
the
most
popular
sport
in
the
world.
=European
football
is
played
in
80
countries;as
a
result,it
becomes
the
most
popular
sport
in
the
world.
欧式足球运动在80多个国家开展,这使它成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
【语法拓展】
①动词-ing形式作结果状语,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况,前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果,前面经常加only。试比较:
He
was
caught
in
the
rain,thus
making
himself
catch
a
cold.
被雨淋后他感冒了。
I
hurried
to
school,only
to
find
it
was
Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校,结果发现是星期天。
②having
done作状语,强调动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
Having
lived
in
Beijing
for
many
years,he
knows
the
city
well.
因为在北京住了很多年,他对这个城市很熟悉。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
(6)作条件状语,相当于条件状语从句。
Driving
too
fast,you
will
damage
the
car.
=If
you
drive
too
fast,you
will
damage
the
car.
如果开车太快,你会把车子弄坏的。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
2.动词-ed形式作状语
动词-ed形式作状语,常表时间、让步、条件、方式等,相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,与主语关系是动宾关系,即被动关系。
(1)作时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。
Asked
(When
he
was
asked)
what
had
happened,he
lowered
his
head.
当他被提问的时候,他低下了头。
(2)作原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。
Frightened
(=Because/As
she
was
frightened)
by
the
tiger,the
girl
didn’t
dare
to
sleep
alone.
因为害怕老虎,这个女孩不敢独自睡觉。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
(3)作条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。
Grown
(If
these
seeds
are
grown)
in
rich
soil,these
seeds
can
grow
fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里,
这些种子能长得很快。
Given
(If
we
were
given)
more
time,we
could
do
it
better.
如果给我们更多时间的话,我们可以做得更好。
(4)作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。
Left
(Although
he
was
left)
alone
at
home,John
didn’t
feel
frightened
at
all.
虽然约翰被单独留在房间里,他一点都不害怕。
(5)作状语表示伴随动作或状态。
The
teacher
entered
the
classroom,(and
he
was)
followed
by
a
group
of
students.
老师进入教室,后面跟着一群学生。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
三、动词-ing形式和-ed形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式和-ed形式都可用于动词的复合结构,在其中作宾语补足语。动词-ing形式往往和宾语构成主谓关系,也就是主动关系;动词-ed形式作宾语补足语往往和宾语构成动宾关系,也就是被动关系。
1.位于感官动词后,如see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,notice等。
We
saw
the
teacher
doing
the
experiment.
我们看到老师在做实验。
I
heard
someone
knocking
at
the
door.
我听到有人在敲门。
He
heard
his
named
called.
他听到有人叫他的名字。
We
saw
the
thief
caught
by
the
police.
我们看见小偷被警察抓住了。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
2.用于表示“指使”等意义的动词之后,如have,set,keep,leave,get等。
Don’t
have
the
students
studying
all
day.
不要让学生整天学习。
She
got
us
waiting
here
for
an
hour.
她让我们在这儿等了一个小时了。
I’ll
have
my
hair
cut
tomorrow.
明天我要理发。
He
will
keep
you
informed
of
what
is
going
on.
他会让你了解正在发生的事情的。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
3.用于with复合结构中。
I
couldn’t
do
my
homework
with
the
noise
going
on.
由于噪音不断,我没法做家庭作业。
With
so
many
people
looking
at
her,she
felt
nervous.
这么多人看着她,她感到很紧张。
With
all
the
problems
settled,he
felt
relieved.
所有问题都解决了,他感到如释重负。
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
Ⅰ.课文语篇填空
To
inspire
young
people____________
(take)
action
for
the
environment,animals
and
their
community,Roots
&
Shoots
_______________
(establish)
in
the
early
1990s
by
Dr.Jane
Goodall,____________
scientist
who’s
the
world’s
____________
(well-known)
expert
on
wild
chimpanzees.The
whole
purpose
of
Roots
&
Shoots
is
to
educate
young
people,so
they
can
help
to
build
a
future
____________
is
secure
and
live
together
in
peace
with
nature.?
to
take
was
established
a
best-known
that/which
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
The
organisation
is
called
Roots
&
Shoots
because
roots
move
slowly
under
the
ground
to
make
a
firm
foundation,and
shoots
seem
small
and
weak,but
they
can
break
open
brick
walls
to
reach
the
light.The
roots
and
shoots
____________
(be)
you,your
friends
and
young
people
all
around
the
world.Hundreds
and
thousands
____________
roots
and
shoots
can
solve
the
problems,change
the
world
and
make
it
a
better
place
to
live
in.Roots
&
Shoots
____________
(attach)
importance
to
the
value
and
importance
of
each
individual
—
human,animal
or
plant.Dr.Jane
Goodall
believes
that
the
most
important
thing
is
that:“Every
individual
matters.Every
individual
has
a
role
to
play.Every
individual
makes
a
difference.”
are
of
attaches
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
You
get
to
choose:Do
you
want
to
use
your
life
to
make
the
world
a
better
place
for
people,animals
and
the
environment?Do
you
want
to
make
Roots
&
Shoots
rooted
in
everyone’s
heart?Do
you
want
to
be
a
part
of
a
community
for
a
____________
(share)
future?You
cannot
be
____________
(absence).?
shared
absent
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.
(bring)
up
in
the
countryside,he
had
difficulty
in
getting
used
to
the
city
life.?
答案Brought
2.
(grow)
up
in
the
countryside,he
had
difficulty
in
getting
used
to
the
city
life.?
答案Growing
3.The
company
(make)
these
computers
is
a
famous
one.?
答案making
4.The
computers
(make)
in
this
company
are
of
good
quality.?
答案made
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
5.We
found
the
village
(surround)
by
trees.?
答案surrounded
6.We
found
the
police
(surround)
the
house.?
答案surrounding
7.I
must
have
my
homework
(do)
before
going
out
to
play.?
答案done
8.Last
week
we
had
all
our
windows
(break)
by
the
naughty
boy.?
答案broken
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
9.Jenny
hopes
that
Mr.Smith
will
suggest
a
good
way
to
have
her
written
English
(improve)
in
a
short
period.?
答案improved
10.They
use
computers
to
keep
the
traffic
(run)
smoothly.?
答案running
11.She
wants
her
paintings
(display)
in
the
gallery,but
we
don’t
think
they
would
be
very
popular.?
答案displayed
12.John
received
an
invitation
to
dinner,and
with
his
work
(finish),he
gladly
accepted
it.?
答案finished
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
13.—Come
on.Please
give
me
some
ideas
about
the
project.
—Sorry.With
so
much
work
(fill)
my
mind,I
almost
break
down.?
答案filling
14.He
was
just
about
to
sit
down
when
he
felt
something
(move)
near
his
feet.?
答案moving
15.There
was
a
terrible
noise
(follow)
the
sudden
burst
of
light.?
答案following
16.
(dress)
in
a
white
uniform,he
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.?
答案Dressed
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
17.
(attract)
by
the
beauty
of
nature,the
girl
decided
to
spend
another
two
weeks
on
the
farm.?
答案Attracted
18.
(look)
out
of
the
window,I
saw
some
children
playing
hide-and-seek.?
答案Looking
19.He
had
an
accident
(drive)
to
work
yesterday.?
答案driving
20.
(found)
in
the
early
20th
century,the
school
keeps
on
inspiring
children’s
love
of
art.?
答案Founded
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
Ⅲ.同义句转换
1.When
people
asked
the
man
what
the
trip
meant
to
him,he
said
it
was
“an
experience
of
a
lifetime”.
what
the
trip
meant
to
him,the
man
said
it
was
“an
experience
of
a
lifetime”.?
答案When
asked
2.The
garden
was
transformed
from
a
quarry.It
has
now
become
a
famous
destination
for
travelers.
from
a
quarry,the
garden
has
now
become
a
famous
destination
for
travelers.?
答案Transformed
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
3.If
you
compare
Quebec
City
with
other
cities
in
Canada,it
seems
more
like
a
charming
European
village.
other
cities
in
Canada,Quebec
City
seems
more
like
a
charming
European
village.?
答案Compared
with
4.They
did
not
know
where
to
start
their
sightseeing
in
Luoyang,so
they
went
to
the
Tourist
Information
Centre.
where
to
start
their
sightseeing
in
Luoyang,they
went
to
the
Tourist
Information
Centre.?
答案Not
knowing
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
5.When
they
heard
that
the
Sea-to-Sky
Highway
was
Canada’s
most
scenic
drive,they
made
West
Vancouver
their
first
destination.
that
the
Sea-to-Sky
Highway
was
Canada’s
most
scenic
drive,they
made
West
Vancouver
their
first
destination.?
答案Hearing
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
Ⅳ.概要写作
根据pp.31-32课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
“Just-me-ism”
is
harmful
to
the
environment.So,Roots
&
Shoots,whose
purpose
is
to
educate
young
people
about
environmental
protection,was
established
in
the
early
1990s
by
Dr.Jane
Goodall.The
roots
and
shoots
mainly
refer
to
young
people
all
around
the
world.Together,young
individuals
can
make
the
world
a
better
place.(共58张PPT)
Section
C WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.resident
n.
?
2.diagram
n.
?
3.percentage
n.
?
4.disposable
adj. ?
5.packaging
n.
?
6.plastic
adj.
?
7.honey
n.
?
8.butter
n.
?
9.yoghurt
n.
?
居民
图解,示意图
百分比,百分率
一次性的,用完即丢弃的
包装盒(瓶、袋),包装材料
塑料制的
蜂蜜
黄油,牛油
酸奶
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
10.air
conditioning
n.
?
11.landfill
n.
?
12.clean-burning
adj.
?
13.waste-to-energy
adj. ?
14.footwear
n.
?
15.near-surface
adj.
?
16.build-up
n.
?
17.pollutant
n.
?
18.overflow
vi.&
vt.
?
空调系统
废弃物填埋场
清洁焚烧的
以垃圾作为能源的
鞋类
近地表的
增长;加强
污染物
满是,有许多;泛滥
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
19.
n.官员,高级职员 adj.公务的;官方的?
20.
n.看法;态度?
21.
n.容器?
22.
n.大多数?
23.
vt.概括,总结?
24.
vt.表明;显示?
25.
adv.每年;一年一度地?
26.
n.水灾,洪水泛滥?
official
attitude
container
majority
sum
indicate
annually
flooding
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
重点短语
1.
参加?
2. 削减,缩减?
3. 总之?
重点句式
1.In
Europe,Sweden
is
setting
a
great
example
when
it
comes
to
recycling.
在欧洲,瑞典在回收利用方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
2.They’re
also
setting
a
great
example
for
others
about
how
to
make
the
best
of
a
bad
situation.
他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样,告诉他们如何在糟糕的情况下做出最好的选择。
take
part
(in)
cut
back
on
to
sum
up
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.根据pp.44-45课文,选出正确答案。
Which
of
the
following
isn’t
among
the
three
of
the
most
serious
environment
problems?
A.Air
pollution. B.Water
pollution.
C.Global
warming.
D.Overflowing
landfills.
B.阅读P44
“Air
pollution”,用一个单词概括每一段的大意。
Para
1: ?
Para
2: ?
Para
3: ?
答案B
答案Para
1:Causes Para
2:Effects Para
3:Solutions
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
C.阅读P44
“Global
Warming”,匹配每一段的大意。
Para
1 A.What
is
global
warming
and
its
causes.
Para
2
B.The
results/influences
of
global
warming.
Para
3
C.The
rise
of
temperature
in
the
past
and
in
the
future.
D.阅读P45
“Overflowing
landfills”,匹配每一段的大意。
Para
1.
A.Most
landfills
are
reaching
its
full
capacity.
Para
2.
B.Four
Rs,especially
responsibility
help
to
reduce
the
waste.
Para
3.
C.With
the
rise
of
waste,alternative
waste
disposal
methods
are
needed.
答案Para
1:A Para
2:C Para
3:B
答案Para
1:A Para
2:C Para
3:B
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
1.Last
August,city
officials
interviewed
about
500
residents
to
find
out
people’s
attitudes
to
protecting
the
environment
and
what
actions
they
had
taken.(Page
40)
去年8月,城市官员采访了大约500名市民,调查了解人们对环境保护的态度以及他们采取了什么行动。
【词汇精讲1】official用作名词意为“官员,高级职员”,用作形容词意为“公务的;官方的”。
Chinese
is
the
official
language
in
our
country.
汉语是我们国家的官方语言。
This
is
his
second
official
visit
to
Russia.
这是他对俄罗斯的第二次正式访问。
Those
present
the
meeting
are
mainly
government
officials.
出席会议的主要是政府官员。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【词汇拓展1】
officially
adv.官方地;正式地
The
election
results
have
still
not
been
officially
announced.
选举结果仍未正式公布。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【词汇精讲2】attitude用作名词,意为“看法,态度”。
We
should
keep
positive,optimistic
attitudes
towards
life.
对生活我们要有一个积极乐观的态度。
What’s
your
attitude
to
the
idea?
你对这个想法的态度是什么?
【词汇拓展2】
attitude多与介词towards或to连用。
altitude
n.高度;海拔
The
plane
is
flying
at
the
altitude
of
10,000
metres.
飞机在万米高空飞行。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
2.More
than
half
of
those
who
took
part
in
the
survey
had
done
four
of
the
five
activities
in
the
past
month.(Page
40)
在过去一个月中,参加调查的人中超过一半的人完成了五项活动中的四项。
【词汇精讲】take
part
in
是固定搭配,意为“参加”。
She
will
take
part
in
the
long
jump
in
the
sports
meeting.
她将要参加运动会的跳远项目。
I
am
going
to
take
part
in
an
English
speech
contest
for
middle
school
students
in
July
this
summer.
我将在今年七月参加中学生英语演讲竞赛。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
(1)take
part
in的近义词组是participate
in。
(2)如果part之前有形容词修饰,通常加不定冠词。如:take
an
active
part
in
sth
(3)take
part
in后若无宾语,需去掉in。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
3.Around
90%
had
tried
to
recycle
waste
such
as
glass,metal
and
paper;and
more
than
two
thirds
(70%)
had
tried
to
cut
back
on
the
use
of
disposable
packaging,such
as
plastic
honey
bottles,and
butter
and
yoghurt
containers.(Page
40)
大约90%的人试图回收玻璃、金属和纸张等废弃物,超过三分之二(70%)的人试图减少使用一次性包装,例如塑料蜂蜜瓶、黄油和酸奶容器。
【词汇精讲】cut
back
on是固定搭配,意为“削减,缩减”。
We
shall
have
to
cut
back
on
our
spending.
我们将不得不削减我们的经费。
British
classrooms
have
begun
to
cut
back
on
traditional
teaching
and
to
personalise
learning.
英国课堂开始缩减传统教育,开设个性化的学习。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
cut
down削减,缩小(on);砍倒
cut
in插嘴,打断(谈话)
cut
across/through抄近路穿过
cut
off切掉;中断;使……与外界隔绝
cut
out删除;剪下
cut
up切开,切碎
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
4.Also,the
majority
of
residents
had
cycled
or
walked.(Page
40)
此外,大多数居民已经开始骑自行车或步行。
【词汇精讲】majority用作名词,意为“大部分;大多数”。
The
majority
of
workers
find
it
quite
hard
to
live
on
the
amount
of
money
they
earn.
大多数职工都觉得很难靠他们挣的那点钱生活。
In
this
village,the
old
are
in
the
majority.
在这个村子里老人占多数。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
(1)the
majority
of大多数
in
the
majority占大多数
(2)minority
n.少数
in
the
minority占少数
(3)major
adj.主要的 n.主修科目;专业;某专业的学生 v.主修
major
in主修……科目
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
5.This
indicates
that
the
residents
needed
to
pay
more
attention
to
these
two
activities.(Page
40)
这表明居民需要更多关注这两个活动。
【词汇精讲】indicate用作动词,意为“表明;暗示”。
He
indicated
his
willingness
with
a
nod
of
his
head.
他点头表示愿意。
His
attitude
indicates
that
he
is
not
very
happy
with
what
you
are
doing.
他的态度暗示他对你的所作所为很不高兴。
Research
indicates
that
eating
habits
are
changing
fast.
研究显示,饮食习惯正迅速改变。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
indication
n.指出;迹象;指示
They
gave
no
indication
of
how
the
work
should
be
done.
他们根本没说明这项工作该怎样做。
There
are
clear
indications
that
the
economy
is
improving.
有明显的迹象显示经济已开始好转。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
6.It’s
caused
by
the
build-up
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
pollutants
in
the
atmosphere.(Page
44)
它是由大气中二氧化碳和其他污染物的积累造成的。
【词汇精讲】build-up用作名词,意为“增长;加强”。
There
is
a
steady
build-up
of
traffic
in
the
evenings.
晚间的交通逐渐繁忙。
There
has
been
a
build-up
of
troops
on
both
sides
of
the
border.
边境两边的军队都在逐渐增兵。
Heavy
enemy
build-up
along
the
river
has
been
reported.
据报道,敌军已沿河大量集结。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
build
up增多,加强;增强……的体质,使更加强壮
We
built
up
this
business
after
ten
years’
struggle.
经过10年拼搏我们成立了这家公司。
He
intends
to
take
more
exercise
to
build
himself
up.
他打算多锻炼来增强体质。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
1.In
Europe,Sweden
is
setting
a
great
example
when
it
comes
to
recycling.(Page
43)
在欧洲,瑞典在回收利用方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
【句式剖析】
when
it
comes
to...是固定句式,意为“当涉及……,当谈到……”。
When
it
comes
to
holidays,I
prefer
something
lazy.
说到度假,我宁愿选择懒散一些的方式。
When
it
comes
to
doing
housework,he
is
always
complaining.
说到家务活,他总是抱怨。
When
it
comes
to
classical
music,we
first
think
of
Beethoven
or
Mozart.
谈到古典音乐时,我们首先想到贝多芬或者莫扎特。
【句式拓展】
此句型中的to是介词,后接sth或doing
sth。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
2.They’re
also
setting
a
great
example
for
others
about
how
to
make
the
best
of
a
bad
situation.(Page
43)
他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样,告诉他们如何在糟糕的情况下做出最好的选择。
【句式剖析】
在本句中,how
to
make
the
best
of
a
bad
situation是“疑问词+不定式”结构,作about的宾语,此外,“疑问词+不定式”结构还可在句中作主语或表语。
When
to
start
has
not
been
decided.尚未决定何时动身。
I
don’t
know
what
to
do.我不知道该做些什么。
The
difficulty
was
how
to
cross
the
river.问题在于如何过河。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
【句式拓展】
(1)whether和疑问词who
(whom),what,which,when,where,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。其后经常接这种结构的动词有consider,decide,know,learn,wonder等。
(2)“疑问词+不定式”可转化为“疑问词+句子”。
I
don’t
know
what
to
do.?
I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do.
我不知道该做什么。
(3)有些动词,如ask,show,teach
等,可以先接宾语,再接“疑问词+不定式”结构。
Did
you
tell
him
how
to
go
there?
你告诉他怎样去那儿了吗?
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
Roots
&
Shoots
is
a
global
environmental
education
program
for
youth
based
on
activities
instead
of
research.The
program
was
started
by
16
Tanzanian
students
in
1991
under
the
support
of
Jane
Goodall
Institute.
In
1993,Roots
&
Shoots
groups
were
founded
in
Europe
and
the
USA.During
over
10
years,there
are
more
than
7,500
groups
active
in
schools
and
communities
in
over
90
countries
worldwide
including
the
USA,Britain,France,Canada
and
Japan.They
develop
various
campaigns
with
thousands
of
people.
Roots
&
Shoots
aims
to
promote
understanding
of
environmental
issues
and
help
develop
sustainable
solutions.Roots
&
Shoots
activities
should
focus
on
care
and
concern
for
the
environment,for
animals,and
for
one’s
community.
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
如何写好调查报告
近几年来,很多大城市都投放了共享单车(shared
bikes)。由于方便停放,绿色环保,且能锻炼身体,它们作为代步工具很受大家欢迎。但是,也有人对此持质疑的态度。请根据以下调查的结果,写一则有关共享单车的调查报告。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
一、审题定调
1.确定体裁:本单元的写作任务是调查报告,内容是共享单车的使用情况。调查报告是针对某一现象、某一事件或某一问题进行深入细致地调查,对获得的材料进行认真分析研究,发现其本质特征和基本规律之后写成的书面报告。在英语书面表达训练中,我们经常会遇到这一类写作题,要求同学们根据调查结果,对某种现象进行分析、得出结论并谈谈自己的看法。
2.确定人称:本文的主要人称为第三人称,兼用第一人称。
3.确定时态:由于本文是调查报告,针对现在的事情,所以用一般现在时,但是调查已经完成,兼有过去时态。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
二、谋篇布局
调查报告通常包括以下三个方面:
首先,弄清调查结果反映出的信息、问题或现象,对其做一些客观的介绍;
其次,分析这些数据或事实反映出的问题,得出结论;
最后,通常在文章的最后一段阐述作者个人的看法和建议。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
三、组织语言
1.核心词汇
conduct
a
survey
做一项调查
according
to
the
survey根据调查来看
give
a
positive
answer给出肯定的回答
as
for
the
reasons至于原因
for
convenience为了方便
consider...as...认为……是……
a
minority
of少数人
reduce
pollution减少污染
by
contrast相比之下
in
my
opinion在我看来
as
long
as只要
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
2.高级句式
(1)Recently
a
survey,whose
topic
is
“Do
you
use
shared
bikes”,has
been
conducted
among
the
local
people.(whose引导定语从句;被动语态)
最近在当地人中进行了一项调查,主题是“你使用共享单车吗”。
(2)According
to
the
survey,70%
of
those
asked
gave
a
positive
answer.(according
to;positive)
根据调查,70%的受访者给出了肯定的回答。
(3)As
for
the
reasons,as
high
as
96%
of
them
choose
to
use
shared
bikes
for
their
convenience.(as
for;for
one’s
convenience)
至于原因,多达96%的人选择使用共享单车是因为很方便。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
(4)The
majority
think
riding
shared
bikes
is
cheap.(宾语从句;动词-ing形式作主语)
大部分人认为骑共享单车很便宜。
(5)Surprisingly,only
around
31%
consider
riding
as
good
exercise.(surprisingly;consider...
as)
令人惊讶的是,只有大约31%的人认为骑车是一种很好的运动。
(6)Sadly,only
a
minority
of
the
users,exactly
19%,turn
to
shared
bikes
as
a
way
to
reduce
pollution.(minority;turn
to;a
way
to
do
sth)
令人难过的是,只有少数用户,确切地说是19%,使用共享单车是为了减少污染。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
(7)By
contrast,the
other
30%
said
“No”
to
shared
bikes.(by
contrast;say
“No”
to)
相比之下,另外30%的人对共享单车说“不”。
(8)70%
of
them
refuse
to
use
shared
bikes
for
safety
concern
while
the
other
30%
think
it
is
uncomfortable
to
ride
bikes
because
it
may
be
too
hot
in
summer
and
too
cold
in
winter.(while表示对比;because引导原因状语从句;it作形式主语)
70%的人出于安全考虑拒绝使用共享单车,而另外30%的人认为骑自行车不舒服,因为夏天太热,冬天太冷。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
(9)In
my
opinion,shared
bikes
are
put
there
to
be
used.(in
one’s
opinion;被动语态;不定式的被动形式作目的状语)
在我看来,共享单车是放在那里供使用的。
(10)They
can
help
us
keep
healthy
and
make
the
environment
better
as
long
as
we
use
them
properly
and
carefully.(as
long
as引导条件状语从句)
只要我们正确使用,多加小心,共享单车可以帮助我们保持健康,使环境变得更好。
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
四、连句成文
参考范文
Recently
a
survey,whose
topic
is
“Do
you
use
shared
bikes”,has
been
conducted
among
the
local
people.
According
to
the
survey,70%
of
those
asked
gave
a
positive
answer.As
for
the
reasons,as
high
as
96%
of
them
choose
to
use
shared
bikes
for
their
convenience.The
majority
think
riding
shared
bikes
is
cheap.Surprisingly,only
around
31%
consider
riding
as
good
exercise.Sadly,only
a
minority
of
the
users,exactly
19%,turn
to
shared
bikes
as
a
way
to
reduce
pollution.
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
By
contrast,the
other
30%
said
“No”
to
shared
bikes.70%
of
them
refuse
to
use
shared
bikes
for
safety
concern
while
the
other
30%
think
it
is
uncomfortable
to
ride
bikes
because
it
may
be
too
hot
in
summer
and
too
cold
in
winter.
In
my
opinion,shared
bikes
are
put
there
to
be
used.They
can
help
us
keep
healthy
and
make
the
environment
better
as
long
as
we
use
them
properly
and
carefully.
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Air
pollution,global
warming
and
overflowing
landfills
are
the
most
serious
environmental
problems
we
are
currently
facing
today.
The
main
cause
of
air
pollution
is
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels.Other
human
activities,such
as
construction
and
the
burning
of
waste,also
contribute
to
air
pollution.The
effects
on
our
health
can
be
very
serious.You
can
easily
contribute
to
__________
(reduce)
air
pollution
by
using
public
transport.?
Global
warming
__________
(cause)
by
the
build-up
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
pollutants
in
the
atmosphere.These
trap
the
sun’s
heat
and
warm
up
the
planet.Global
warming
has
already
caused
__________
wide
range
of
problems.?
reducing
is
caused
a
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
Landfills
are
used
for
waste
disposal
in
many
countries
around
the
world.However,due
__________
the
amount
of
waste
our
lifestyles
produce,these
landfills
are
now
reaching
full
capacity.When
this
happens,the
chances
of
dangerous
__________
(chemical)
in
the
waste
entering
our
water
supply
increase.The
amount
of
waste
in
landfills
in
China
__________
(rise)
greatly
over
the
last
decade.The
government
is
now
trying
to
find
alternative
waste
disposal
methods.Apart
from
the
three
Rs
(Reduce,Reuse
and
Recycle),some
experts
have
begun
advocating
the
fourth
R
—
Responsibility.They
believe
__________,although
recycling
waste
is
effective,the
most
effective
way
of
solving
the
problem
of
overflowing
landfills
__________
(be)
to
encourage
people
__________
(take)
responsibility
for
reducing
the
waste
they
produce
__________
(they).?
to
chemicals
has
risen
that
is
to
take
themselves
重点词汇
重点句式
文化意识
高分写作
随堂练习
Ⅱ.概要写作
根据pp.36-37课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Air
pollution,global
warming
and
overflowing
landfills
are
the
most
serious
environmental
problems
we
are
currently
facing
today.The
main
cause
of
air
pollution
is
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels,whose
effects
can
be
very
serious.Global
warming
is
caused
by
the
build-up
of
greenhouse
gases
in
the
atmosphere,which
has
already
caused
a
wide
range
of
problems.Landfills
in
many
countries
are
now
reaching
full
capacity.The
government
is
now
trying
to
find
alternative
waste
disposal
methods.Apart
from
the
three
Rs
(Reduce,Reuse
and
Recycle),the
fourth
R
—
Responsibility
is
the
most
important
in
reducing
waste.SECTION
C WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The
(居民)
of
the
town
are
proud
of
its
new
library.?
答案residents
2.She
was
able
to
show
the
results
in
a
simple
(示意图).?
答案diagram
3.Food
will
last
longer
if
kept
in
a
tight
(容器).?
答案container
4.Attractive
(包装)
can
help
to
sell
products.?
答案packaging
5.We
can
(概括)
the
main
point
of
the
lesson
in
three
sentences.?
答案sum
6.The
(大多数)
of
people
seem
to
prefer
TV
to
radio.?
答案majority
7.Tomatoes
contain
a
high
(百分比)
of
vitamin.?
答案percentage
8.The
bees
busied
themselves
at
making
(蜂蜜).?
答案honey
9.If
you
want
to
pass
your
exams
you’d
better
change
your
(态度)!?
答案attitude
10.Anyone,whether
he
is
an
(官员)
or
a
bus
driver,should
be
equally
respected.?
答案official
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Other
activities
also
contribute
air
pollution.?
答案to
2.Dark
green
leaves
are
a
good
(indicate)
of
healthy
roots.?
答案indication
3.People
would
leave
the
bike
in
the
place
they
finished
their
journey.?
答案where
4.The
bike
is
equipped
with
a
computer
(track)
system
to
record
their
every
move!?
答案tracking
5.Over
the
past
100
years,average
temperatures
around
the
world
(rise)
by
0.5
℃
to
1
℃.?
答案have
risen
6.An
agreement
seems
to
be
impossible
because
the
(major)
of
the
committee
members
are
against
it.?
答案majority
7.According
to
the
WHO,2.4
million
people
died
(annual)
from
causes
directly
related
to
air
pollution.?
答案annually
8.Because
of
its
(convenient)
for
bicycles,Amsterdam
has
become
very
popular
with
cyclists;an
amazing
38%
of
all
trips
(make)
by
bike.?
答案convenience;are
made
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.科学家正力求找到解决这个问题的办法。
The
scientists
are
trying
to
to
the
problem.?
答案come
up
with
a
solution
2.为了在课堂上学到更多的知识,参加课堂讨论是很有帮助的。
In
order
to
learn
more
in
class,it
is
helpful
to
.?
答案take
part
in
class
discussions
3.总之,父母应该防止孩子花太多的时间看电视。
,parents
should
prevent
their
children
from
spending
too
much
time
in
watching
TV.?
答案To
sum
up
4.尝试下面这些简单的技巧来锻炼你的自信心。
Try
these
simple
tips
to
drill
and
.?
答案build
up
your
confidence
5.多数人强烈反对这项计划。
are
strongly
against
the
plan.?
答案The
majority
of
people
6.这场雪表明冬天来临。
The
snow
of
winter.?
答案indicates
the
coming/arrival
7.为了扩充词汇,你要多读书。
,you
are
supposed
to
read
more.?
答案To
build
up
your
vocabulary
8.江水决堤,泛滥成灾。
The
river
and
caused
.?
答案overflowed
its
banks;serious
flooding
9.他除了脸部和手受伤以外,两条腿也断了。
the
injuries
to
his
face
and
hands,he
broke
both
legs.?
答案Apart
from
10.你如果想减肥,就少吃高脂食物。
fatty
foods
if
you
want
to
lose
weight.?
答案Cut
down/back
on
Ⅳ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
path;pedal;plastic;attitude;diagram;resident;therefore;packaging;disposable;take
part
in
1.I
couldn’t
reach
the
on
her
bike.?
答案pedals
2.He
was
busy; ,he
couldn’t
come.?
答案therefore
3.Many
items
in
daily
use
are
made
out
of
.?
答案plastic
4.Local
have
united
to
fight
against
the
decision.?
答案residents
5.As
you
get
older,your
towards
death
changes.?
答案attitude
6.The
was
completely
covered
with
fallen
leaves.?
答案path
7.This
book
has
showing
the
parts
of
a
car
engine.?
答案diagrams
8.Too
much
increases
the
cost
of
the
food
we
buy.?
答案packaging
9.The
use
of
chopsticks
has
been
debated
for
years.?
答案disposable
10.Some
sports
are
so
interesting
that
people
everywhere
them.?
答案take
part
in
Ⅴ.选词填空
1.percent;percentage
Twenty
of
the
products
are
exported.?
What
of
the
earth
is
covered
by
oceans??
答案percent;percentage
2.official;officially
The
new
church
was
opened
on
May
5th.?
English
is
also
one
of
the
languages
of
Canada.?
答案officially;official
3.contain;container
Does
each
cup
the
same
amount
of
milk??
He
has
some
in
which
fish
are
stored
and
sold.?
答案contain;containers
4.annual;annually
They
celebrate
their
wedding
anniversary
.?
I’m
playing
in
the
school
concert
next
Friday.?
答案annually;annual
5.pollute;pollution;pollutant
We
should
not
our
rivers
with
waste.?
Waste
water
from
the
factory
is
the
main
cause
of
the
of
local
rivers.?
PM
affects
more
people
than
any
other
.?
答案pollute;pollution;pollutants
素养提升
Ⅵ.阅读理解
Steven
Stein
likes
to
follow
garbage
trucks.His
strange
habit
makes
sense
when
you
consider
that
he’s
an
environmental
scientist
who
studies
how
to
reduce
litter,including
things
that
fall
off
garbage
trucks
as
they
drive
down
the
road.What
is
even
more
interesting
is
that
one
of
Stein’s
jobs
is
defending
an
industry
behind
the
plastic
shopping
bag.
Americans
use
more
than
100
billion
thin
film
plastic
bags
every
year.So
many
end
up
in
tree
branches
or
along
highways
that
a
growing
number
of
cities
do
not
allow
them
at
checkouts
(收银台).The
bags
are
prohibited
in
some
90
cities
in
California,including
Los
Angeles.Eyeing
these
headwinds,plastic-bag
makers
are
hiring
scientists
like
Stein
to
make
the
case
that
their
products
are
not
as
bad
for
the
planet
as
most
people
assume.
Among
the
bag
makers’
arguments:many
cities
with
bans
still
allow
shoppers
to
purchase
paper
bags,which
are
easily
recycled
but
require
more
energy
to
produce
and
transport.And
while
plastic
bags
may
be
ugly
to
look
at,they
represent
a
small
percentage
of
all
garbage
on
the
ground
today.
The
industry
has
also
taken
aim
at
the
product
that
has
appeared
as
its
replacement:reusable
shopping
bags.The
stronger
a
reusable
bag
is,the
longer
its
life
and
the
more
plastic-bag
use
it
cancels
out.However,longer-lasting
reusable
bags
often
require
more
energy
to
make.One
study
found
that
a
cotton
bag
must
be
used
at
least
131
times
to
be
better
for
the
planet
than
plastic.
Environmentalists
don’t
dispute
(质疑)
these
points.They
hope
paper
bags
will
be
banned
someday
too
and
want
shoppers
to
use
the
same
reusable
bags
for
years.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。塑料购物袋产生“白色垃圾”,在美国加利福尼亚州约有90个城市禁止使用塑料购物袋;塑料购物袋制造商想出了对策——用可以重复利用的购物袋,虽然这种购物袋的制作和运输成本高;环保专家认为塑料袋和纸袋都不要用。
1.What
has
Steven
Stein
been
hired
to
do?
A.Help
increase
grocery
sales.
B.Recycle
the
waste
material.
C.Stop
things
falling
off
trucks.
D.Argue
for
the
use
of
plastic
bags.
答案D
解析根据文章第二段最后一句中的“are
hiring
scientists
like
Stein
to
make
the
case
that
their
products
are
not
as
bad
for
the
planet
as
most
people
assume”可知,塑料购物袋制造商雇用像Stein这样的科学家来说明他们的产品并不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有那么大的坏处,所以D项“据理支持使用塑料袋”正确。
2.What
does
the
word
“headwinds”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.Bans
on
plastic
bags.
B.Effects
of
city
development.
C.Headaches
caused
by
garbage.
D.Plastic
bags
hung
in
trees.
答案A
解析画线单词所在句意为:看到这种“逆风”,塑料购物袋制造商雇用像Stein这样的科学家来说明他们的产品不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有那么大的坏处。联系上一句“The
bags
are
prohibited
in
some
90
cities
in...”可知,A项“禁止使用塑料袋”为正确选项。
3.What
is
a
disadvantage
of
reusable
bags
according
to
plastic-bag
makers?
A.They
are
quite
expensive.
B.Replacing
them
can
be
difficult.
C.They
are
less
strong
than
plastic
bags.
D.Producing
them
requires
more
energy.
答案D
解析由文章第四段倒数第二句“...longer-lasting
reusable
bags
often
require
more
energy
to
make.”可知,这种长期可重复使用的购物袋的制作需要更多的能源,故选D项。
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Plastic,Paper
or
Neither
B.Industry,Pollution
and
Environment
C.Recycle
or
Throw
Away
D.Garbage
Collection
and
Waste
Control
答案A
解析本文主要叙述了三方面的内容:塑料购物袋产生“白色垃圾”;塑料购物袋制造商想出了对策——用可重复使用的购物袋;环保专家希望塑料袋和纸袋都不用。故A项“塑料袋、纸袋或者两者都不用”可作为文章的最佳标题。
Ⅶ.七选五
Do
you
want
to
know
how
to
live
an
environmentally
friendly
lifestyle?Here
is
a
short
list
of
ways
that
you
can
help
protect
the
environment.
Prevent
energy
leaks
(泄漏)
at
home.
Heating
and
cooling
can
make
up
to
50
percent
of
your
energy
bill
each
month. 1
So
you’ll
save
money
and
reduce
your
influence
on
the
environment.?
Plant
trees
in
your
yard
and
community.
Everyone
knows
that
planting
trees
can
help
the
environment. 2
Trees
cool
your
home,reducing
the
energy
used
for
cooling.Trees
improve
mental
health.Trees
reduce
noise
pollution.?
3 ?
If
you
use
ceiling
fans
during
hot
summer
days,you
can
create
a
cooling
environment.A
few
ceiling
or
regular
fans
properly
placed
in
your
home
can
reduce
the
amount
of
time
you
spend
with
the
air
conditioning
on.
Use
solar
energy
more
often.
4
There
are
lots
of
inexpensive
solar
products
you
can
try
out.For
example,solar-powered
lights.How
about
solar
cell
phone
chargers?Additionally,there
are
many
forms
of
passive
solar
energy
that
can
help
you
take
advantage
of
the
sun.?
Think
about
green
transportation.
Just
sit
and
think
about
a
few
environmentally
friendly
ways
you
can
get
from
one
place
to
another. 5
You
can
walk
or
bike
to
the
corner
store.Walking
instead
of
driving
to
a
store
is
a
great
way
to
help
the
environment!?
A.Trees
have
many
good
influences.
B.Use
natural
wind
to
dry
your
clothes.
C.There
are
many
ways
to
use
solar
power.
D.Use
ceiling
fans
to
cool
off
in
summer.
E.You
can
take
a
bus
when
going
to
the
movie
theater.
F.Turn
off
lights
and
electronic
devices
when
you’re
not
using
them.
G.You
can
heat
and
cool
your
home
more
efficiently
by
fixing
leaks.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】你知道哪些保护生态环境的生活方式吗?本文提供了几种简单的方法。
1G 本部分的标题是“防止家庭能源泄漏”,对比七个选项,G项中的by
fixing
leaks
与
energy
leaks相呼应。
2.A 根据下文可知谈的是树的益处,A项(树有许多好处)与下文相符。
3.D 根据该部分的“If
you
use
ceiling
fans
during
hot
summer
days”可知,D项符合语境。
4.C 本部分谈的是使用太阳能,空格后面谈的是如何使用太阳能产品,对比七个选项可知,C项(有许多使用太阳能的方法)符合语境。
5.E 本部分谈的是“绿色出行”,E项(你可以乘公交车去电影院)属于绿色出行。
Ⅷ.完形填空
In
our
modern
world,when
something
wears
out,we
throw
it
away
and
buy
a
new
one.The 1
is
that
countries
around
the
world
have
growing
mountains
of
2
because
people
are
throwing
out
more
rubbish
than
ever
before.?
How
did
we
become
a
throwaway
society?First
of
all,it
is
now
easier
to 3
an
object
than
to
spend
time
and
money
to
repair
it.Thanks
to
modern
manufacturing
(制造业)
and
technology,companies
are
able
to
produce
products
quickly
and
inexpensively.Products
are
plentiful
and
4 .?
Another
cause
is
our 5
of
disposable
(一次性的)
products.As
6
people,we
are
always
looking
for
ways
to
save
time
and
make
our
lives
easier.Companies
7
thousands
of
different
kinds
of
disposable
products:paper
plates,plastic
cups,and
cameras,to
name
a
few.?
Our
appetite
for
new
products
also 8
to
the
problem.We
are
addicted
to
buying
new
things.Advertisements
persuade
us
that
9
is
better
and
that
we
will
be
happier
with
the
latest
products.The
result
is
that
we
10
useful
possessions
to
make
room
for
new
ones.?
All
around
the
world,we
can
see
the 11
of
this
throwaway
lifestyle.Mountains
of
rubbish
just
keep
getting
bigger.To
12
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
13 ,more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials. 14 ,this
is
not
enough
to
solve
our
problem.?
Maybe
there
is
another
way
out.We
need
to
repair
our
possessions
instead
of
throwing
them
away.We
also
need
to
rethink
our
attitudes
about 15 .Repairing
our
possessions
and
changing
our
spending
habits
may
be
the
best
way
to
reduce
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
take
care
of
our
environment.?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。我们用过的东西随手就扔掉了。慢慢地,我们的社会就变成了一个一次性社会,为什么会产生这种现象?我们该如何解决这一问题?本文给我们提出了建议。
1.A.key
B.reason
C.project
D.problem
答案D
解析联系后文的“countries
around
the
world
have
growing
mountains
of...”可知,堆积如山的垃圾已经成了社会问题(problem)了。key关键;reason原因;project工程。
2.A.gifts
B.rubbish
C.debt
D.products
答案B
解析结合空后的“because
people
are
throwing
out
more
rubbish
than
ever
before”可知,因为人们扔的垃圾越来越多,垃圾已经堆积成山,故该空填rubbish。gift礼物;debt债务;product产品。
3.A.hide
B.control
C.replace
D.withdraw
答案C
解析结合空前的“easier
to”和后文的“to
spend
time
and
money
to
repair
it”可知,替换(replace)一件东西比花时间和金钱修理它要容易得多。hide藏;control控制;withdraw撤回,退出。
4.A.safe
B.funny
C.cheap
D.powerful
答案C
解析结合前文的“quickly
and
inexpensively”可知此处是指“产品充足,价格便宜(cheap)”。safe安全的;funny有趣的;powerful强有力的。
5.A.love
B.lack
C.prevention
D.division
答案A
解析从后文“we
are
always
looking
for
ways
to
save
time
and
make
our
lives
easier”可知,我们对于一次性产品的喜爱(love)是我们制造太多垃圾的另一个原因。lack缺乏;prevention阻止;division分开,分割。
6.A.sensitive
B.kind
C.brave
D.busy
答案D
解析从后文的“to
save
time
and
make
our
lives
easier”可知,我们总是很忙碌(busy)。sensitive善解人意的;kind善良的;brave勇敢的。
7.A.donate
B.receive
C.produce
D.preserve
答案C
解析由主语Companies可知,工厂应该是生产(produce)大量的一次性产品。donate捐赠;receive收到;preserve保存。
8.A.adapts
B.returns
C.responds
D.contributes
答案D
解析联系空前的“Our
appetite
for
new
products
also”可知,我们对新产品的渴望也导致了(contributes
to)这个问题。adapt
适应;return返回;respond回答,回应。
9.A.newer
B.stronger
C.higher
D.larger
答案A
解析上句中的“new
things”及空后的“with
the
latest
products”都暗示该空填newer。广告说服我们,越新的越好。
10.A.pick
up
B.pay
for
C.hold
onto
D.throw
away
答案D
解析联系后文的“to
make
room
for
new
ones”可知,我们常常是扔掉(throw
away)有用的物品,去给新的东西腾出地方。pick
up捡起,收听,学会;pay
for支付;hold
onto抓住不放。
11.A.advantages
B.purposes
C.functions
D.consequences
答案D
解析从下文的“Mountains
of
rubbish
just
keep
getting
bigger.”可知,在全世界我们都可以看到这种一次性的生活方式所带来的后果(consequences)。advantage好处;purpose目的;function功能。
12.A.show
B.record
C.decrease
D.measure
答案C
解析结合后文的“more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials”可知,是为了减少(decrease)垃圾的数量。show展示;record记录;measure测量。
13.A.technology
B.environment
C.consumers
D.brands
答案B
解析减少垃圾,回收利用的目的就是保护环境(environment)。
14.A.However
B.Otherwise
C.Therefore
D.Meanwhile
答案A
解析联系空后的“this
is
not
enough
to
solve
our
problem”可知,空前后为转折关系,故用However。otherwise否则;therefore因此;meanwhile同时。
15.A.spending
B.collecting
C.repairing
D.advertising
答案A
解析结合前文“Our
appetite
for
new
products”及后文“Repairing
our
possessions
and
changing
our
spending
habits...”可知,我们也需要重新考虑我们的消费(spending)态度了。collect收集;repair修理;advertise做广告。
Ⅸ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你校摄影俱乐部(photography
club)将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信,请他提供作品。信的内容包括:
1.主题:环境保护;
2.展览时间;
3.投稿邮箱:intlphotoshow@gmschool.com。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
?
?
?
?
参考范文
Dear
Peter,
Our
school
photography
club
is
going
to
hold
an
International
High
School
Student
Photography
Show.The
theme
of
the
show
is
environmental
protection.It
will
start
from
June
15th
and
last
for
three
weeks.Any
student
who
is
interested
is
welcome
to
participate.I
know
you
take
good
pictures
and
you’ve
always
wanted
to
do
something
for
environmental
protection.
I
remember
you
showed
me
some
photos
on
that
theme
the
last
time
you
visited
our
school.This
is
surely
a
good
chance
for
more
people
to
see
them.If
you
want
to
join,you
can
send
your
photos
to
intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.
Hope
to
hear
from
you
soon.
Yours,
Li
Hua
Ⅹ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On
a
cold
windy
day,a
poor
boy
tried
to
pay
his
way
through
school
(支付学费)
by
selling
goods
door
to
door.Wandering
on
the
street,he
was
not
a
successful
seller.What’s
worse,he
found
that
he
only
had
one
dime
(一角硬币)
left.His
empty
stomach
reminded
him
constantly
that
for
days
he
hadn’t
eaten
anything.He
had
no
choice
but
to
beg
for
a
meal
at
the
next
house.
Hesitantly
he
knocked
at
the
door,thinking
about
what
to
say
when
it
opened.However,he
lost
his
nerve
when
a
lovely
young
woman
opened
the
door.“What
can
I
do
for
you?”
asked
the
young
woman.The
boy
paused
for
a
while,“Would
you
please
give
me
some...a
drink
of
water?”The
boy
dared
not
to
look
directly
into
her
eyes.She
looked
at
the
bony
boy
and
thought
he
might
need
something
to
give
him
energy
so
she
brought
him
a
glass
of
milk.His
head
rising
and
small
hands
taking
the
cup,he
drank
it
up
slowly,and
then
asked,“How
much
do
I
owe
you?”
“You
don’t
owe
me
anything,”
she
replied
with
a
warm
smile
on
her
face.“My
mother
has
taught
me
never
to
accept
pay
for
a
kindness.”
Deeply
moved,he
said
sincerely,“Then
I
shall
thank
you
from
the
bottom
of
my
heart.”
As
Howard
Kelly
left
that
house,he
not
only
felt
stronger
physically,but
it
also
increased
his
faith
in
God
and
the
whole
human
race.As
a
matter
of
fact,he
was
about
to
give
up
and
quit
before
that
point.
Years
later
the
young
woman
became
seriously
ill.However,the
local
doctors
were
unable
to
give
the
effective
medical
treatment.Finally
they
sent
her
to
a
hospital
in
the
big
city,where
specialists
can
be
called
in
to
cure
her
rare
disease.Among
those
famous
specialists,Dr.Howard
Kelly
was
called
in
for
the
consultation(会诊).When
he
heard
the
name
of
the
town
she
came
from,a
strange
light
filled
his
eyes.Immediately,he
rose
and
went
down
through
the
hospital
hall
into
her
room.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Dressed
in
his
doctor’s
gown,he
went
in
to
see
her.
?
?
?
?
?
The
bill
was
sent
to
her
room.?
?
?
?
参考范文
Dressed
in
his
doctor’s
gown,he
went
in
to
see
her.He
saw
her
lie
on
the
bed
and
recognized
her
at
once.Her
lovely
face
looked
pale.He
went
back
to
the
consultation
room
and
determined
to
do
his
best
to
save
her
life.From
that
day
on,he
gave
special
attention
to
her
case.Luckily,after
a
long
struggle,the
battle
was
won.Dr.Kelly
requested
the
business
office
to
pass
the
final
bill
to
him
for
approval.He
looked
at
it
and
then
wrote
something
on
the
side.
The
bill
was
sent
to
her
room.Hesitantly
she
took
it.She
was
afraid
to
open
it
because
she
was
sure
that
it
would
take
the
rest
of
her
life
to
pay
it
off.Finally
she
opened
it,on
the
side
of
which
a
note
caught
her
attention.She
read
these
words,“Paid
in
full
with
a
glass
of
milk.”
Signed
Dr.Howard
Kelly.Tears
of
joy
flooded
her
eyes
as
she
prayed
silently,“Thank
you,God.”(共67张PPT)
Section
B LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.poster
n.
?
2.founder
n.
?
3.union
n.
?
4.agriculture
n. ?
5.region
n.
?
6.slim
adj.
?
7.headstone
n.
?
8.county
n.
?
9.path
n.
?
10.tracking
n.
?
11.pedal
vi.&
vt. n. ?
海报
创办人,创始者
联合会
农业
地区,区域
微小的;苗条的;薄的
墓碑
县
小径,小道
跟踪
骑
踏板
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
12.
n.盈利,利润?
13.
n.组织者,安排者?
14.
adj.满意的;满足的?
15.
vi.发生?
16.
n.建议,提议?
17.
n.继续生存,幸存?
18.
n.比率,率?
19.
n.引文,引用(的话)?
20.
vt.克服(困难);控制(感情)?
profit
organiser
contented
occur
proposal
survival
rate
quote
overcome
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
21.
n.决心;毅力?
22.
adj.以前的,从前的?
23.
adj.当前的,现时的?
24.
adj.普通的;平常的?
25.
n.(车辆等的)停放?
26.
adv.因此;由此?
27.
vi.消失,不见?
28.
n.目的地;终点?
determination
former
current
ordinary
parking
therefore
disappear
destination
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
重点短语
1.work
through
?
2.
(使)某人梦想成真?
3.
想出,想到?
随堂练习
既可作动词也可作名词的单词
调整(情绪)
make
sb’s
dream
come
true
come
up
with
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读pp.36-37课文,匹配段落大意
Para
1. A.The
“white
bikes”
in
the
1960s.
Para
2.
B.The
return
of
“white
bikes”
in
1999.
Para
3.
C.“White
bikes”
programmes
in
China.
Para
4.
D.Amsterdam
is
a
good
city
for
cycling.
Para
5.
E.The
effects
of
“white
bikes”
on
Amsterdam.
Para
6.
F.The
“white
bikes”
has
made
its
way
around
the
world.
答案A.Para
1.D Para
2.A Para
3.B Para
4.E Para
5.F Para
6.C
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
B.根据pp.36-37课文,选出正确答案
1.Amsterdam
is
a
good
city
for
cycling
for
the
following
reasons
except
.?
A.it
is
flat
and
convenient
for
bikes
B.it
is
called
“the
City
of
Bicycles”
C.most
of
its
streets
have
a
bicycle
path
D.it
has
plenty
of
places
of
bicycle
parking
答案B
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
2.Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
about
the
“white
bikes”
in
the
1960s?
A.It
ended
in
failure.
B.The
bikes
were
painted
white.
C.The
efforts
of
the
cycling
fans
paid
off.
D.The
“white
bikes”
were
stolen
by
thieves.
3.Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
about
the
“white
bikes”
in
1999?
A.It
was
still
painted
white.
B.It
was
fixed
with
a
tracking
system.
C.You
needed
a
special
card
to
use
a
bicycle.
D.The
bikes
were
parked
at
special
parking
places.
答案C
答案A
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
4.Why
do
more
and
more
Chinese
like
bike-sharing?
A.Because
the
bikes
are
very
beautiful.
B.Because
it
is
perfect
without
any
problems.
C.Because
there
has
been
a
global
increase
in
bike-sharing.
D.Because
it
is
cheap,convenient
and
good
for
health
and
environment.
答案D
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
1.A
Non-Profit
Organisation
I
Admire
(Page
34)
我所敬佩的一个非营利组织
【词汇精讲】profit用作名词,意为“盈利,利润”。
There
is
very
little
profit
in
selling
newspapers
at
present.
现在卖报纸利润很少。
The
telephone
companies
are
making
good
profits
every
day.
电话公司每天获利颇丰。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
a
rise/an
increase/a
drop/a
fall
in
profits
收益的上升/增长/跌落/下降
a
healthy/good
profit获利颇丰
make
a
profit获利
net
profit纯利润
non-profit
adj.非营利的
for
profit为了盈利
at
a
profit有盈利
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
2.Ms
Yi
had
a
contented
life
until
a
terrible
event
occurred
which
changed
her
life.(Page
106)
易女士一直过着心满意足的生活,直到发生了一件可怕的事情,改变了她的生活。
【词汇精讲1】contented用作形容词,意为“满意的;满足的”。
The
lady
looked
at
me
with
a
contented
smile.
那位夫人带着满意的微笑看着我。
By
following
the
steps,mothers
should
be
able
to
lead
a
fulfilling
and
contented
life.
按照这些步骤去做,妈妈们一定会感到日子充实、心情惬意。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展1】
content
n.内容;目录;所容纳之物;所含之物(多用复数) adj.满意的
be
content
with
对……满意
She
hadn’t
read
the
book
and
didn’t
know
its
content.
她没有读过那本书,所以对其内容一无所知。
He
put
the
contents
of
the
bag
onto
the
table.
他把提包里的东西倒在了桌子上。
The
first
page
of
the
book
is
the
contents
page.
这本书的第一页是目录页。
Don’t
be
content
with
such
small
success.
不要满足于这样小的成功。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【误区点拨】
(1)content用作名词时多表示“内容”,复数形式contents可表示“目录;所容纳之物;所装物品”。
(2)contented和content都可以用作形容词表示“满意的”,content往往用作表语,而contented既可作定语又可作表语。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇精讲2】occur用作动词,意为“发生;出现”。
Two-thirds
of
the
deaths
caused
by
passive
smoking
occur
in
Africa
and
South
Asia.
吸二手烟而导致的死亡有三分之二发生在非洲和南亚。
A
brilliant
idea
occurred
to
me.
我想到一个极好的主意。
It
didn’t
occur
to
him
that
she
would
refuse
his
invitation.
他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。
We
mustn’t
allow
the
mistake
to
occur
again.
我们绝对不允许再次发生这样的错误。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展2】
(1)occur不用于被动语态;过去式和过去分词为occurred;现在分词为occurring。
(2)sth
occur
to
sb某人想到某物
It
occurs
to
sb
that...某人突然想到……
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
3.The
local
government
agreed
with
her
proposal
to
plant
one
million
trees
in
the
region
over
ten
years.(Page
106-107)
当地政府同意她的建议,10年内在该地区种植100万棵树。
【词汇精讲】proposal用作名词,意为“提议;建议”。
I
hope
that
you
will
consider
my
proposals.
我希望你能认真考虑我的建议。
You
will
find
these
proposals
helpful.
你会发现这些提议很有帮助。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
(1)make
a
proposal提出建议
submit
a
proposal提交建议
accept
a
proposal接受建议
(2)propose
vt.提议
The
government
proposes
changing
the
voting
system.
The
government
proposes
changes
to
the
voting
system.
The
government
proposes
that
the
voting
system
(should)
be
changed.
政府建议改变选举系统。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
4.Although
there
seemed
only
a
slim
chance
that
the
trees
could
survive,the
difficulty
did
not
prevent
her
from
trying.(Page
107)
尽管这些树存活的可能性很小,但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。
【词汇精讲】slim用作形容词,意为“微小的;苗条的;薄的”,还可用作动词,意为“减肥”。
A
regular
diet
will
make
you
slimmer.
有规律的饮食会使你更苗条。
His
chances
for
getting
the
scholarship
were
very
slim.
他获得奖学金的希望甚微。
He
lived
on
a
slim
income.
他靠微薄的收入生活。
You
can
still
eat
breakfast
when
you
are
slimming.
你减肥时也可以吃早餐。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
slimming
diets减肥食谱
slim
down消瘦,减肥;缩减
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
5.Now
the
trees
have
a
survival
rate
of
85%.(Page
107)
现在这些树的成活率是85%。
【词汇精讲1】survival用作名词,意为“生存”。
If
cancers
are
spotted
early
there’s
a
high
chance
of
survival.
如果癌症发现得早,存活的概率就高。
Hopes
are
fading
for
the
survival
of
the
missing
climbers.
失踪的登山者幸存的希望越来越渺茫。
The
survival
of
some
people
in
the
air
crash
was
widely
reported
by
the
press.
空难事件中有些人大难不死被新闻界广泛报道。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展1】
(1)survive
vi.&
vt.生存;挺过(难关)
survivor
n.幸存者;生还者
(2)arrive—arrival
refuse—refusal
approve—approval
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇精讲2】rate用作名词,意为“比率,率”,还可以表示“速度”。
At
the
rate
they’re
going,they’ll
be
finished
by
tomorrow.
以目前的速度,他们在明天前可以完成。
The
birth
rate
has
risen
a
little
in
recent
years.
近几年出生率略有提高。
【词汇拓展2】
birth
rate出生率
interest
rate利率
unemployment
rate失业率
the
success/failure
rate成功率/失败率
at
any
rate无论如何;至少
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
6.I
have
complete
respect
for
her
and
admire
her
strength
in
overcoming
such
a
great
personal
loss.(Page
107)
我完全尊重并钦佩她具有克服如此巨大的个人损失的力量。
【词汇精讲】overcome用作动词,意为“克服(困难);控制(感情)”。
She
overcame
injury
to
win
the
Olympic
gold
medal.
她战胜了伤痛,赢得了奥运会金牌。
The
two
parties
managed
to
overcome
their
differences
on
the
issue.
两个政党设法弥合了在这个问题上的分歧。
Her
parents
were
overcome
with
sadness
at
the
funeral.
在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝。
【词汇拓展】
(1)overcome的过去式,过去分词分别为overcame,overcome。
(2)get
over克服
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
7.She
has
made
a
huge
difference
with
her
determination
to
make
her
son’s
dreams
a
reality.(Page
107)
她让儿子的梦想成为现实的决心产生了很大的影响。
【词汇精讲】determination用作名词,意为“决心;毅力”。
He
survived
with
great
determination.
他凭借坚强的意志活了下来。
He
fought
the
illness
with
great
courage
and
determination.
他顽强地与病魔作斗争。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
determine
vt.决定;确定
determine
to
do
sth决定做某事
determined
adj.坚决的;有决心的
be
determined
to
do
sth决心做某事
Your
present
determines
your
future.
你的现在决定你的未来。
They
determined
to
start
early.
他们决定早点出发。
There
is
a
determined
look
on
his
face.
他脸上有一种坚定的表情。
He
is
determined
to
give
up
smoking.
他决定戒烟。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
8.In
the
1960s,a
group
of
cycling
fans
came
up
with
an
idea.(Page
36)
20世纪60年代,一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。
【词汇精讲】come
up
with意为“想出,提出”。
Can
you
come
up
with
a
better
idea?
你能想出一个好点的主意吗?
【词汇拓展】
put
up
with忍受,容忍
catch
up
with赶上
keep
up
with跟上
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
I
have
trouble
keeping
up
with
the
rest
of
the
class.
我跟不上班里的其他学生。
I
love
books
because
they
help
me
keep
up
with
things
I
need
to
know
for
my
profession.
我爱图书,因为它们能帮助我获取我需要了解的相关专业的知识。
I
can
put
up
with
the
house
being
untidy,but
I
hate
it
if
it’s
not
clean.
我能忍受房间凌乱,但不喜欢它不干净。
We’ll
do
our
best
to
catch
up
with
the
advanced
world
levels.
我们将努力赶上世界先进水平。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
9.In
1999,the
“white
bikes”
returned
to
Amsterdam
—
this
time
with
a
computer
tracking
system
to
record
their
every
move!(Page
37)
1999年,“白色自行车”回到阿姆斯特丹——这一次是用电脑跟踪系统记录它们的一举一动!
【词汇精讲】track
用作动词,意为“追踪”,用作名词意为“轨道;足迹,踪迹;小道”。
We
continued
tracking
the
plane
on
our
radar.
我们继续用雷达追踪那架飞机。
We
followed
the
bear’s
tracks
in
the
snow.
我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。
We
were
walking
along
a
muddy
track
through
the
forest.
我们沿着一条穿过森林的泥泞小径行走。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
【词汇拓展】
tracking
system追踪系统
tracking
station跟踪站
track
down追踪到;追查到
be
on
the
right
track思路正确
keep
track
of了解……的动态
get
off
the
track偏离正题
The
police
have
so
far
failed
to
track
down
the
attacker.
警方至今未能追捕到攻击者。
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
Verbs
or
Nouns名词还是动词
单词
动词
名词
aim
瞄准;旨在
目标;目的
question
询问;质疑
问题
answer
回答
回答;答案
talk
谈话
谈话;谈论
walk
步行;散步
步行;散步
paint
用油漆刷;用颜料画
油漆;颜料
place
放置
地方
record
记录
记录
smile
微笑
微笑
sleep
睡觉
睡觉;睡眠
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
单词
动词
名词
kiss
亲;亲吻
亲;亲吻
dream
做梦
梦想
cook
做饭;烹饪
厨师
drink
喝;饮;喝酒
饮料;饮品
watch
观看
手表
book
预定
书
cover
覆盖
封面
scream
高声喊出
尖叫
cause
导致;引起;使发生
原因;事业
master
掌握;精通
大师;主人
design
设计
设计;装饰图案
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
单词
动词
名词
struggle
奋斗;拼搏
奋斗
signal
标志着;预示
标识
transport
运输;运送
交通运输系统;运输方式
shoot
射中;射击
芽;苗;嫩枝
pedal
骑
踏板
attack
攻击;袭击
攻击;袭击
base
以……为基础
地基;基础
flood
淹没
洪水
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
Ⅰ.课文语篇填空
Amsterdam
is
a
good
city
for
cycling
and
people
in
Amsterdam
have
been
enjoying
the
__________
(benefit)
of
cycling
for
years.The
idea
began
about
50
years
ago,and
was
first
known
__________
“white
bikes”.Some
people
even
call
Amsterdam
“the
City
of
Bicycles”.?
In
the
1960s,a
group
of
cycling
fans
came
up
with
__________
idea.The
group
painted
hundreds
of
bicycles
white
and
placed
them
in
many
areas
around
Amsterdam
for
people
to
use.Soon
after,however,problems
came
up
and
the
“white
bikes”
all
disappeared
—
thieves
__________
(steal)
them
all
in
a
matter
of
weeks!?
benefits
as
an
stole
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
In
1999,the
“white
bikes”
returned
to
Amsterdam
—
this
time
with
a
computer
tracking
system
to
record
their
every
move!To
take
a
bicycle,you
had
to
put
in
a
special
card.The
new
“white
bikes”
were
not
actually
white
but
painted
in
bright
colours.The
bikes
__________
(park)
at
special
parking
places.Thanks
to
the
ideas
and
efforts
of
many
people,you
can
now
enjoy
clean
air
and
easy
transport
in
__________
(centre)
Amsterdam.?
Nowadays,the
idea
of
“white
bikes”___________
(pedal)
its
way
around
the
world,including
China
__________
more
and
more
cities
have
their
own
“white
bike”
programmes.Both
the
locals
and
tourists
like
to
use
__________
(share)
bikes
because
bike-sharing
is
a
cheap
and
easy
way
__________
(save)
energy,reduce
air
and
noise
pollution,and
enjoy
the
benefits
of
exercise
in
cities.?
were
parked
central
has
pedalled
where
shared
to
save
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
Ⅱ.阅读下列句子,体会句意,注明黑体词表达的含义是a还是b
a.the
name
of
sth/sth b.an
action/to
do
things
1.If
the
pipe
bursts
it
could
flood
the
whole
house.( )
The
heavy
rain
has
caused
floods
in
many
parts
of
the
country.( )
答案b;a
2.The
hunter
aimed
at
the
animal
but
did
not
shoot.( )
Two
weeks
after
we’d
planted
the
seeds,little
green
shoots
started
to
appear.( )
答案b;a
3.A
helicopter
was
used
to
transport
the
wounded.( )
More
people
are
encouraged
to
take
public
transport.( )
答案b;a
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
4.She
was
no
longer
master
of
her
own
future.( )
French
was
a
language
he
had
never
mastered.( )
答案a;b
5.I
struggled
up
the
hill
with
the
heavy
bags.( )
After
a
long
struggle,she
gained
control
of
the
business.( )
答案b;a
6.The
bad
weather
is
causing
problems
for
many
farmers.( )
Drinking
and
driving
is
one
of
the
most
common
causes
of
traffic
accidents.( )
答案b;a
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
7.He
gave
me
no
chance
to
reply
to
his
question.( )
The
students
were
questioned
on
the
books
they
had
been
studying.( )
答案a;b
8.She
went
to
London
with
the
aim
of
finding
a
job.( )
They’re
aiming
at
training
everybody
by
the
end
of
the
year.( )
答案a;b
9.I
hope
you
were
pleased
with
the
book
I
sent
you.( )
You’ll
have
to
book
early
if
you
want
to
see
that
fashion
show.( )
答案a;b
10.I
personally
think
we
should
paint
the
wall
yellow.( )
Some
paint
will
keep
the
wood
from
damage
by
water.( )
答案b;a
重点词汇
重点语法
随堂练习
Ⅲ.概要写作
根据pp.36-37课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Amsterdam
is
a
good
city
for
cycling
and
is
known
as
“the
City
of
Bicycles”.Although
the
idea
of
“white
bikes”
in
the
1960s
failed,it
returned
and
succeeded
in
1999
with
improved
new
“white
bikes”,bringing
clean
air
and
easy
transport
in
central
Amsterdam.Nowadays,the
idea
of
“white
bikes”
has
pedalled
its
way
around
the
world,including
China
where
more
and
more
cities
have
their
own
“white
bike”
programmes.UNIT
8GREEN
LIVING
SECTION
A TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The
trees
send
out
new
(嫩枝)
in
spring.?
答案shoots
2.We
should
(回收利用)
glass
from
old
bottles.?
答案recycle
3.You
need
a
good
sense
of
(平衡)
to
ride
a
bicycle.?
答案balance
4.These
conclusions
must
have
some
(基础)
in
reality.?
答案foundation
5.The
(运输)
of
goods
by
air
is
very
expensive.?
答案transport
6.Both
students
have
made
quite
a
few
experiments
on
(电).?
答案electricity
7.A
(全球的)
environmental
meeting
is
going
to
be
held
here.?
答案global
8.I
seem
to
have
(参与)
myself
in
something
I
don’t
understand.?
答案involved
9.In
(平坦的)
open
country
there
is
plenty
of
grass
for
the
cattle
to
feed
on.?
答案flat
10.His
parents
were
never
(烦恼的)
to
come
and
see
him
in
the
school
play.?
答案bothered
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.He
(shoot)
a
bird
and
killed
it.?
答案shot
2.He
(involve)
in
a
heated
discussion.?
答案was
involved
3.Don’t
leave
the
tap
(run)
while
you
brush
your
teeth.?
答案running
4.There
was
a
serious
incident
(involve)
a
group
of
youths.?
答案involving
5.Every
individual
has
a
role
(play)
in
environment
protection.?
答案to
play
6.Everyone
wants
to
be
a
part
of
a
community
for
a
(share)
future.?
答案shared
7.The
(found)
of
this
university
took
place
over
100
years
ago.?
答案foundation
8.The
best
way
to
keep
stress
away
is
to
have
a
(balance)
life.?
答案balanced
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.你需要在你的工作和家庭生活中保持平衡。
You
have
to
between
your
work
and
your
family
life.?
答案keep
a
balance
2.考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。
The
test
will
about
a
photograph.?
答案involve
answering
questions
3.树根在地下缓慢移动,形成坚实的地基。
The
roots
move
slowly
under
the
ground
to
.?
答案make
a
firm
foundation
4.有些人丢了垃圾,懒得去捡。
Some
people
drop
a
piece
of
litter
and
.?
答案can’t
be
bothered
to
pick
it
up
5.正是通过共同行动我们可以让成千上万的人参与进来。
by
acting
together
we
can
?.?
答案It
is;that;involve
thousands
of
people
6.有些人刷牙的时候不关水龙头或者出门的时候不关灯。
Some
people
while
they
brush
their
teeth
or
when
they
go
out.?
答案leave
the
tap
running;leave
a
light
on
7.除了她的研究,她一直全心全意地致力于环境保护。
her
research,she
has
to
environmental
protection.?
答案In
addition
to;been
whole-heartedly
committed
8.他们可以帮助建立一个安全并且与自然和平相处的未来。
They
can
help
to
that
is
secure
and
live
together
.?
答案build
a
future;in
peace
with
nature
Ⅳ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
flat;desert;tissue;shoot;battery;transport;institute;take
action;do
our
part;all
over
the
world
1.They
have
rented
a
on
the
third
floor.?
答案flat
2.Many
universities
have
of
education.?
答案institutes
3.We
should
for
environmental
protection.?
答案do
our
part
4.The
camel
is
still
man’s
best
friend
in
the
.?
答案desert
5.They
told
me
the
car
needed
a
new
to
run.?
答案battery
6.Students
have
to
work
for
their
education.?
答案all
over
the
world
7.The
deer
were
eating
the
young
on
the
trees.?
答案shoots
8.
to
and
from
the
airport
is
included
in
the
price.?
答案Transport
9.Firefighters
immediately
to
stop
the
fire
spreading.?
答案took
action
10.She
wiped
off
the
sweat
from
her
face
with
a
piece
of
.?
答案tissue
Ⅴ.选词填空
1.globe;global
This
plant
can
grow
in
many
parts
of
the
.?
The
shortage
of
water
has
become
a
problem.?
答案globe;global
2.industry;industrial
This
is
the
area
of
the
country.?
Heavy
is
making
increasing
use
of
robots.?
答案industrial;industry
3.extinct;extinction
Dinosaurs
have
been
for
millions
of
years.?
Habitat
loss
and
climate
change
will
be
the
biggest
reasons
for
the
of
the
species.?
答案extinct;extinction
4.solve;solution
We
should
develop
the
students’
ability
to
problems.?
We
haven’t
found
the
yet,but
I’m
sure
we’re
on
the
right
track.?
答案solve;solution
5.firm;firmly
He
is
under
the
belief
that
there
is
life
after
death.?
Because
of
their
pleasant
personality,they
had
soon
formed
a
friendship.?
答案firmly;firm
素养提升
Ⅵ.阅读理解
A
How
green
are
you?Do
you
know
how
to
be
green?
We
all
need
a
healthy
environment,but
we
produce
waste
every
day
and
it
is
harmful
to
our
environment.Though
we
are
young,we
can
still
do
something
to
help.Here
are
some
ideas
for
you.
Reduce
Reduce
means
“use
less”.Don’t
waste
things.This
saves
money
and
reduces
pollution.Before
we
buy
something
new,think
whether
it
is
really
necessary—or
maybe
the
old
one
is
still
useful.
Reuse
Reuse
means
“use
again”.When
we
buy
things,make
sure
that
they
can
last
a
long
time.When
something
is
broken,we
should
repair
it
instead
of
throwing
it
away
and
buying
a
new
one.Don’t
use
a
paper
cup
or
a
paper
bag.It’s
better
to
use
a
china
(瓷)
cup
and
a
lunch
box
because
you
can
use
them
again.
Recycle
Recycle
means
“change
things
into
something
else”.Though
it
takes
energy
to
change
something
into
something
else,it’s
better
than
throwing
things
away
or
burning
them.
So
please
remember
these
words:reduce,reuse
and
recycle.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文,谈论的是有关绿色生活的reduce,reuse以及recycle。
1.What
is
the
passage
about?
A.How
to
produce
things.
B.How
to
burn
things.
C.How
to
be
green.
D.How
to
help
others.
答案C
解析根据“How
green
are
you?Do
you
know
how
to
be
green?”可知本文主要讲的是我们如何做才能环保。故选C项。
2.Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE?
A.Always
throw
away
old
things.
B.Don’t
waste
things.
C.Always
buy
new
things.
D.Never
buy
new
things.
答案B
解析根据“Reduce
means
‘use
less’.Don’t
waste
things.”可知减少浪费,不要浪费东西。故选B项。
3.It
is
better
to
use
a
china
cup
and
a
lunch
box
because
we
can
them.?
A.reuse
B.reduce
C.repair
D.recycle
答案A
解析用陶瓷杯或午餐盒是因为可以重复利用,故选A项。
4.The
passage
may
come
from
a
.?
A.menu
B.dictionary
C.storybook
D.magazine
答案D
解析本文是倡导大家如何环保,故可能摘自杂志。故选D项。
B
One
year,a
college
in
the
United
States
announced
that
it
would
offer
a
lot
of
money
for
the
pure
white
marigold
(金盏花).The
high
reward
attracted
so
many
people,but
in
the
nature,besides
golden,the
marigold
is
brown,and
it
is
not
easy
to
get
the
white
one.So
after
they
were
excited
for
a
time,many
people
had
forgotten
the
announcement.
One
normal
day
after
20
years,the
college
received
a
letter
and
100
seeds
of
pure
white
marigold.It
was
an
old
woman
of
over
70
years
old.Some
experts
in
the
college
doubted
it,but
in
order
not
to
let
her
down,those
seeds
finally
took
root
(根)
in
the
earth.The
miracle
appeared
after
one
year;the
field
was
covered
by
pure
white
marigold.
Therefore,the
old
woman
who
was
always
unknown
to
the
public
became
a
new
focus.
The
old
woman
was
a
flower-lover.When
she
read
the
announcement
20
years
ago,she
got
very
excited
like
others.But
her
eight
children
were
totally
against
her
decision.After
all,a
woman
who
never
knew
the
seed
genetics
(遗传学)
couldn’t
complete
what
the
experts
could
never
do,so
her
thought
was
only
a
day
dream.
Still,the
old
woman
didn’t
change
her
mind
and
went
on
working.She
planted
some
of
the
most
common
seeds
and
took
good
care
of
them.A
year
later,when
the
marigold
came
out,she
chose
one
faintest(最暗淡的)
from
those
golden
and
brown
flowers
and
got
the
best
seed.The
next
year,she
again
grew
them
and
chose...Day
after
day,year
after
year,through
many
seasons,the
old
woman’s
husband
died,her
children
flew
far,a
lot
of
things
happened
in
her
life,but
only
the
wish
to
grow
the
pure
white
marigold
took
root
in
her
heart.
Finally,after
20
years
on
the
day
we
all
know,in
the
garden
she
saw
a
marigold,which
was
nearly
white,but
as
white
as
silver
or
snow.
A
problem
even
experts
couldn’t
deal
with
was
solved
by
an
old
woman
who
didn’t
understand
genetics.Was
it
a
miracle
(奇迹)?
To
take
root
in
the
heart,even
the
most
common
seed
can
grow
into
a
miracle!
【语篇解读】一位对种子基因知识一无所知的老太太用了20年的时间种出了白色的金盏花,这是一个奇迹。
5.According
to
the
passage,
marigold
is
unusual.?
A.white
B.purple
C.brown
D.golden
答案A
解析根据第一段中的“in
the
nature,besides
golden,the
marigold
is
brown,and
it
is
not
easy
to
get
the
white
one”可知白色的金盏花比较不同寻常。
6.It
can
be
learned
from
the
passage
that
.?
A.the
children
didn’t
agree
on
their
mother’s
decision
B.the
woman
needed
the
great
reward
for
her
big
family
C.the
experts
also
succeeded
in
growing
the
white
marigold
D.the
woman
took
good
care
of
the
flowers
instead
of
her
family
答案A
解析根据第四段中的“But
her
eight
children
were
totally
against
her
decision.”可知选A项。
7.The
woman
successfully
grew
the
white
marigold
at
last
because
she
.?
A.was
luckier
than
experts
B.put
her
heart
into
flowers
C.got
support
from
her
family
D.studied
the
seed
genetics
well
答案B
解析根据倒数第四段中的“only
the
wish
to
grow
the
pure
white
marigold
took
root
in
her
heart”可知那位老妇人之所以能种出白色的金盏花是因为她把这个梦想扎根于心中。因此选B项。
8.The
passage
mainly
talks
about
.?
A.the
difficulties
of
getting
the
white
marigold
B.the
possibility
of
going
beyond
experts
C.the
unforgettable
development
of
marigold
D.the
importance
of
holding
on
to
dreams
答案D
解析本文主要讲述了一位对种子基因知识一无所知的老太太用了20年的时间种出了白色的金盏花的故事,这是一个奇迹,因此D项最佳。说明了坚持梦想的重要性。
Ⅶ.七选五
We
all
grew
up
hearing
people
tell
us
to
“go
out
and
get
some
fresh
air”. 1
According
to
recent
studies,the
answer
is
a
big
YES,if
the
air
quality
in
your
camping
area
is
good.?
2
If
the
air
you’re
breathing
is
clean
—
which
it
would
be
if
you’re
away
from
the
smog
of
cities
—
then
the
air
is
filled
with
life-giving,energizing
oxygen.If
you
exercise
out
of
doors,your
body
will
learn
to
breathe
more
deeply,allowing
even
more
oxygen
to
get
to
your
muscles
(肌肉)
and
your
brain.?
Recently,people
have
begun
studying
the
connection
between
the
natural
world
and
healing
(治愈). 3
In
these
places
patients
can
go
to
be
near
nature
during
their
recovery.It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green,growing
things
can
reduce
stress,lower
blood
pressure,and
put
people
into
a
better
mood
(情绪).Greenery
is
good
for
us.Hospital
patients
who
see
tree
branches
out
of
their
window
are
likely
to
recover
at
a
faster
rate
than
patients
who
see
buildings
or
sky
instead. 4
It
gives
us
a
great
feeling
of
peace.?
5
While
the
sun’s
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,they
also
give
us
beneficial
Vitamin
D.To
make
sure
you
get
enough
Vitamin
D
—
but
still
protect
your
skin
—
put
on
sunscreen
right
as
you
head
outside.It
takes
sunscreen
about
fifteen
minutes
to
start
working,and
that’s
plenty
of
time
for
your
skin
to
absorb
a
day’s
worth
of
Vitamin
D.?
A.Fresh
air
cleans
our
lungs.
B.So
what
are
you
waiting
for?
C.Being
in
nature
refreshes
us.
D.Another
side
benefit
of
getting
fresh
air
is
sunlight.
E.But
is
fresh
air
really
as
good
for
you
as
your
mother
always
said?
F.Just
as
importantly,we
tend
to
associate
air
with
health
care.
G.All
across
the
country,recovery
centres
have
begun
building
Healing
Gardens.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。
1.E 空格前一句说我们都是听着别人告诉我们“出去呼吸点新鲜空气”长大的,空格后一句说这个答案是肯定的。根据“the
answer
is
a
big
YES”可判断空格处应该填一个一般疑问句,所以E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈常说的那样对你有好处吗?”符合语境。
2.A 根据空格后的内容可知,如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的,那么空气中就充满了给予人生命的、让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼,人的身体会学会深呼吸,让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段落主要说的是呼吸新鲜空气的好处。故C项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。
3.G 空格后的these
places与G项中的recovery
centres相呼应,代入G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园”符合语境。
4.C 空格前介绍了接近大自然、看绿色植物对病人的康复有益,空格后一句说“它给我们一种内心平和的感觉”,由此可推断出空格处应该表达置身于大自然的好处,故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发”。
5.D 空格后一句说,虽然阳光会老化和伤害我们的皮肤,但它们也能带来有益的维生素D。这应该是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处,故D项“呼吸新鲜空气的附带好处是获得阳光”符合语境,D项中的sunlight与空格后的the
sun’s
rays相呼应。SECTION
B LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Of
the
two
plans,I
prefer
the
(前者).?
答案former
2.He
has
(提议)
a
get-together
this
weekend.?
答案proposed
3.He
is
living
now
in
his
mother’s
home
(县).?
答案county
4.The
company
made
a
healthy
(利润)
on
the
deal.?
答案profit
5.His
(决心)
to
do
well
made
him
keep
on
studying.?
答案determination
6.The
doctors
told
my
wife
I
had
a
fifty-fifty
chance
of
(幸存).?
答案survival
7.There’s
still
a
(微小的)
chance
that
he
may
become
president.?
答案slim
8.I
strongly
suspect
that
most
(普通的)
people
would
agree
with
me.?
答案ordinary
9.Observe
carefully
if
any
change
(发生)
when
doing
experiments
in
the
lab.?
答案occurs
10.Tom
was
a
lazy
boy.He
just
passed
the
exam
and
was
(满意的)
with
the
marks
he
got.?
答案contented
11.Our
countryside
is
(消失)
at
an
alarming
rate.?
答案disappearing
12.There
is
no
(车辆停放)
here
between
9
am
and
6
pm.?
答案parking
13.You
should
keep
the
ticket,because
it
is
checked
at
the
(目的地).?
答案destination
14.We
do
not
have
enough
money.
(因此)
we
cannot
afford
to
buy
the
new
car.?
答案Therefore
15.The
crowd
moved
aside
to
make
a
(小道)
for
them.?
答案path
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.He
proposed
(build)
a
bridge
across
this
river.?
答案building
2.Various
(propose)
were
put
forward
by
the
employees
for
increasing
sales.?
答案proposals
3.Her
(survive)
is
a
miracle
considering
the
big
fire.?
答案survival
4.Workers
built
shelters
for
(survive)
whose
homes
had
been
destroyed.?
答案survivors
5.The
night
before
the
test
I
(overcome)
by
fear
and
despair.?
答案was
overcome
6.I
wanted
my
kids
to
have
some
(determine)
and
strength
of
mind.?
答案determination
7.What
are
you
going
to
talk
about
in
your
(present)??
答案presentation
8.Although
there
seemed
only
a
slim
chance
the
trees
could
survive,the
difficulty
did
not
prevent
her
from
trying.?
答案that
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.你是怎样把身材保持得这么苗条的?
How
do
you
manage
to
??
答案stay
so
slim
2.约翰学习不够努力,不过尚有及格的可能。
John
hasn’t
worked
hard
enough,but
there
is
still
that
he
will
pass
his
examination.?
答案a
slim
chance
3.人口出生率最高的欧洲国家是爱尔兰。
The
European
country
with
the
highest
is
Ireland.?
答案birth
rate
4.这一切更增强了我竭尽全力与疾病斗争的决心。
All
this
to
try
in
every
way
to
fight
against
the
disease.?
答案increased
my
determination
5.那个机会和他的辛勤工作使他的梦想成真。
The
opportunity
and
his
hard
work
.?
答案made
his
dream
come
true
6.莫莉克服了对飞行的恐惧。
Molly
had
fought
and
of
flying.?
答案overcome
her
fear
7.这篇文章以一首诗中的一句话开始。
The
article
starts
with
.?
答案a
quote
from
a
poem
Ⅳ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
poster;former;profit;region;quote;ordinary;headstone;agriculture;occur
to;determination;work
through
1.He
put
up
a
on
the
notice
board.?
答案poster
2.They
carried
out
the
plan
with
great
.?
答案determination
3.It
was
an
lunch
of
soup
and
a
sandwich.?
答案ordinary
4.How
did
she
her
sadness
after
her
son’s
death??
答案work
through
5.I
guess
there
are
fewer
people
in
the
Arctic
than
here.?
答案regions
6.Ralph
W.Emerson
would
always
set
down
new
ideas
that
him.?
答案occurred
to
7.The
number
of
people
employed
in
has
fallen
in
the
last
decade.?
答案agriculture
8.I
would
like
to
share
with
you
a
couple
of
written
on
the
.?
答案quotes;headstone
9.The
big
oil
companies
have
made
good
following
the
rise
in
oil
prices.?
答案profit(s)
10.He
had
to
choose
between
giving
up
his
job
and
giving
up
his
principles.He
chose
the
.?
答案former
Ⅴ.选词填空
1.disappear;disappearance
She
could
find
no
plausible
explanation
for
its
.?
Many
beautiful
fish
are
fast
because
of
the
severe
pollution.?
答案disappearance;disappearing
2.survive;survival
We
need
food
and
water
for
.?
We
cannot
for
long
without
food
and
water.?
答案survival;survive
3.found;founder;foundation
He
is
one
of
the
of
the
institute.?
The
town
by
English
settlers
in
1790.?
He
laid
the
of
his
success
by
study
and
hard
work.?
答案founders;was
founded;foundation
4.organise;organiser;organisation
A
good
pays
attention
to
detail.?
He’s
the
president
of
a
large
international
.?
Modern
computers
can
large
amounts
of
data
very
quickly.?
答案organiser;organisation;organise
5.propose;proposal
Tom
delaying
our
decision
until
the
next
meeting.?
His
that
the
system
should
be
changed
was
turned
down.?
答案proposed;proposal
6.current;currently
These
areas
are
facing
severe
problems.?
So
what
is
the
problem
with
the
solutions??
答案currently;current
素养提升
Ⅵ.阅读理解
A
Bike-sharing
has
swept
across
China,with
an
increasing
number
of
people
choosing
bike
riding
instead
of
driving.The
bike
that
the
service
company
provides
has
GPS
or
Bluetooth
on
it.And
those
bikes
can
be
easily
unlocked
with
a
smart
phone
and
left
anywhere
in
public.Bike-sharing
allows
people
to
borrow
a
bike
from
one
place
and
return
it
at
another
place
easily.
In
some
cities,we
can
see
more
and
more
people
riding
this
kind
of
sharing
bikes.It’s
very
convenient
to
use
the
bikes
if
you
have
a
smart
phone.First,you
have
to
download
such
an
APP
on
your
smart
phone.Then
what
you
need
to
do
is
find
a
nearest
bike
through
the
APP,scan
the
QR
code
(二维码)
on
the
bike
or
connect
your
phone
with
the
bike
over
a
Bluetooth
wireless
connection.You
will
find
the
bike
can
be
unlocked
itself.
Then
you
can
enjoy
your
trip.What’s
more,the
greatest
advantage
of
bike-sharing
is
that
you
can
easily
find
one
and
never
worry
about
where
to
park
it.The
cost
of
riding
depends
on
the
time
that
you
spend.Normally,every
hour
you
ride,you
need
to
pay
one
or
two
yuan.It
doesn’t
cost
so
much,does
it?
At
the
same
time,some
people
park
the
bikes
in
their
own
homes.Besides,some
people
don’t
value
the
bikes.Now
service
companies
are
trying
to
solve
the
problem
like
being
stolen.
Technology
and
science
have
changed
our
social
lifestyles.We
have
to
say
bike-sharing
brings
us
more
convenience
without
doubt.And
we
also
hope
that
people
can
not
only
enjoy
it
but
also
put
it
to
good
use.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文,主要讲述了在中国越来越流行的共享单车。
1.What
do
we
know
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.Most
people
in
cities
don’t
drive.
B.Bike-sharing
is
becoming
more
and
more
popular.
C.Bike-sharing
is
invented
in
China.
D.Sharing
bikes
can
be
borrowed
everywhere.
答案B
解析根据第一段中的“Bike-sharing
has
swept
across
China,with
an
increasing
number
of
people
choosing
bike
riding
instead
of
driving.”可知,共享单车席卷中国,越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车。故选B项。
2.If
you
want
to
use
a
sharing
bike,you
must
first
.?
A.download
an
APP
and
pay
for
the
trip
B.have
a
smart
phone
and
download
an
APP
C.unlock
the
bike
and
download
an
APP
D.find
a
nearest
bike
and
borrow
it
from
anyone
答案B
解析根据第二段中的“It’s
very
convenient
to
use
the
bikes
if
you
have
a
smart
phone.First,you
have
to
download
such
an
APP
on
your
smart
phone
(如果你有智能手机,使用自行车会非常方便。首先,你必须在智能手机上下载这样的应用程序).”可知,如果你想使用共享单车,你必须先有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序。故选B项。
3.Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
mentioned
in
this
passage?
A.Bike-sharing
is
a
kind
of
expensive
transport.
B.Sharing
bikes
are
easy
to
unlock.
C.Sharing
bikes
may
be
stolen.
D.Bike-sharing
is
very
cheap.
答案A
解析根据第三段中的“The
cost
of
riding
depends
on
the
time
that
you
spend.Normally,every
hour
you
ride,you
need
to
pay
one
or
two
yuan.It
doesn’t
cost
so
much,does
it?”可知,使用共享单车比较便宜。故A项错误。
B
China
is
a
land
of
bicycles.At
least
it
was
back
in
1992
when
I
traveled
the
country.Back
then
everyone
seemed
to
be
riding
a
bicycle.Millions
of
them,all
black.Cars
were
rare.Yet
since
my
arrival
in
Beijing
last
year,I’ve
found
the
opposite
is
true.There
are
millions
of
cars.However,people
still
use
their
bicycles
to
get
around.For
many,it’s
the
easiest
and
cheapest
way
to
travel
today.Bicycles
also
come
in
different
colors—silver,green,red,blue,yellow,whatever
you
want.
It’s
fun
watching
people
biking.They
rush
quickly
through
crossroads,move
skillfully
through
traffic,and
ride
even
on
sidewalks
(人行道).Bicycles
allow
people
the
freedom
to
move
about
that
cars
just
can’t
provide.Eager
to
be
part
of
this
aspect
of
Chinese
culture,I
decided
to
buy
a
bicycle.Great
weather
accompanied
my
great
buy.I
immediately
jumped
up
on
my
bicycle
seat
and
headed
towards
home.
My
first
ride
home
was
orderly
(守秩序的).To
be
safe,I
stayed
with
a
“pack”
of
bikers
while
cars
on
the
streets
came
running
swiftly
out
of
nowhere
at
times.I
didn’t
want
to
get
hit.So
I
took
the
ride
carefully.
Crossing
the
streets
was
the
biggest
problem.It
was
a
lot
like
crossing
a
major
highway
back
in
the
United
States.The
streets
here
were
wide,so
crossing
took
time,skill
and
a
little
bit
of
luck.
I
finally
made
it
home.The
feeling
on
the
bicycle
was
amazing.The
air
hitting
my
face
and
going
through
my
hair
was
wonderful.I
was
sitting
on
top
of
the
world
as
I
passed
by
places
and
people.Biking
made
me
feel
alive.
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。中国在过去是自行车的王国,而现在仍然有很多人喜欢骑自行车出行,因为这种交通方式方便、省钱。为了融入这种文化,“我”也买了一辆自行车。但是在回家途中,发现骑车过街是最大的问题,需要时间、技巧和一点儿运气。但是骑行经历让“我”觉得很愉快、很有趣。
4.According
to
the
author,why
are
bicycles
still
popular
in
China
today?
A.Because
they
are
traditional
and
safe.
B.Because
they
are
convenient
and
inexpensive.
C.Because
they
are
colorful
and
available.
D.Because
they
are
fast
and
environment
friendly.
答案B
解析根据第一段中的“For
many,it’s
the
easiest
and
cheapest
way
to
travel
today.”可知,自行车如今仍然很受欢迎,是因为它的便捷和省钱。
5.The
author
decided
to
buy
a
bicycle
because
he
intended
.?
A.to
ride
it
for
fun
B.to
use
it
for
transport
C.to
experience
local
culture
D.to
improve
his
riding
skills
答案C
解析根据第二段中“Eager
to
be
part
of
this
aspect
of
Chinese
culture...”可知,作者购买自行车是因为迫切地想融入中国的这种文化之中,故C项正确。
6.How
did
the
author
feel
about
his
street
crossing?
A.It
was
boring.
B.It
was
difficult.
C.It
was
lively.
D.It
was
wonderful.
答案B
解析根据倒数第二段的叙述可知,骑车过街是最大的问题,需要时间、技巧和运气,因此作者认为骑车过街非常困难。
7.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
author’s
biking
experience?
A.The
author
enjoyed
showing
off
his
biking
skills.
B.The
author
was
annoyed
by
the
air
while
riding.
C.The
author
was
praised
by
the
other
bikers.
D.The
author
took
great
pleasure
in
biking.
答案D
解析由最后一段可知,空气吹拂脸颊和头发的感觉很美妙,骑行时就像坐在了世界的顶端,骑自行车使作者觉得充满了活力。由此可判断出,作者觉得骑自行车很有乐趣,故D项正确。
Ⅶ.语法填空
Jane
Goodall
was
born
in
London
in
1934.She
became
interested
in
animal
stories
when
she
was
a
very
young
child.She
always
dreamed
of
working
with
wild
1
(animal).When
she
was
eleven
years
old,she
decided
that
she
wanted
2
(go)
to
Africa
to
live
with
and
write
about
animals.But
this
was
not
the
kind
of
thing
young
women
usually
did
in
the
1940s.Everybody
was
laughing
except
her
mother.“If
you
3
(real)
want
something,you
work
hard,you
take
advantage
of
the
opportunity,you
never
give
up,and
you
will
find
a
way,”
her
mother
said
to
her.The
opportunity
4
(come)
at
last.A
school
friend
invited
her
to
Africa.Jane
worked
as
5
waitress
until
she
got
enough
money
to
travel
there.?
In
1957,Jane
Goodall
traveled
to
Africa.She
soon
met
the
well-known
scientist
Louis
Leakey
and
began
working
for
him
as
an
assistant.He
later
asked
her
to
study
a
group
of
chimpanzees
6
(live)
by
a
lake
in
Tanzania.Very
little
was
known
about
wild
chimpanzees
at
that
time.?
Jane
spent
many
years
studying
chimpanzees
7
this
area
of
Africa.It
was
no
easy
work.They
were
very
shy
8
would
run
away
when
she
came
near.She
learned
to
watch
them
from
far
away
using
binoculars
(双筒望远镜).Over
time,she
slowly
gained
9
(they)
trust.Watching
the
chimpanzees,she
made
many
discoveries.They
ate
vegetables
and
fruit.But
she
found
that
they
also
ate
meat.A
few
weeks
later,she
made
an
even
more
10
(surprise)
discovery.She
saw
chimpanzees
making
and
using
tools
to
help
them
catch
insects.?
答案与解析
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Jane
Goodall的生平以及贡献。
1.animals 考查名词单复数。句意:她总是梦想与野生动物一起工作。“野生动物”是复数意义,用名词复数,所以填animals。
2.to
go 考查非谓语动词。句意:当她十一岁的时候,她决定要去非洲和动物一起生活,写关于动物的文章。want后接不定式作宾语。所以填to
go。
3.really 考查词性转换。句意:如果你真的想要做一些事情,你要努力工作,抓住机会,永不放弃,你会找到方法的。该空修饰动词want,所以填副词really。
4.came 考查谓语动词。句意:机会终于来了。描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填came。
5.a 考查冠词。句意:Jane去当了一个女服务员来挣钱,直到她有足够的钱去那里旅游。泛指“一个女服务员”,waitress的首字母发音是辅音,用不定冠词a,所以填a。
6.living 考查非谓语动词。句意:后来他请她研究一群生活在坦桑尼亚湖边的黑猩猩。“
(live)
by
a
lake
in
Tanzania”作定语,修饰chimpanzees。“黑猩猩”和“生活”之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语,所以填living。?
7.in 考查介词。句意:Jane花了许多年研究非洲这个地区的黑猩猩。表示“在这个地方”,用介词in。
8.and 考查连词。句意:它们很害羞,当她走近时就会逃跑。此空连接并列的were
very
shy和would
run
away。
9.their 考查代词。句意:随着时间的推移,她慢慢获得了它们的信任。文中表示“它们的”,所以填their。
10.surprising 考查词形转换。句意:几周后,她有了一个更惊人的发现。该空修饰名词discovery,用形容词,v.-ing修饰物,v.-ed修饰人,所以填surprising。
