2011版初中英语新课标同步授课课件：unit 6 Grammar（译林牛津版九上）

(共28张PPT)
Unit 6 Detective stories
Grammar
Direct Speech and Reported Speech
引语的概念
直接引述别人的原话，叫_________;
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫________。
直接引语通常都用___________括起来,间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个__________。
直接引语
间接引语
引号“ ”
宾语从句
SUMMARY
直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语　等相应变化.
１.人称的变化
一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀 说　明 直接引语 间接引语
She said,“ I like Tennis.”
She said that she
liked tennis.
引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致
一
随
主
He said to Lily,
“ you must get
up early.”
He told Lily that
she must get up
early.
引号内的第二人
称变间引后与主
句宾语的人称保
持一致
二随宾
She said to me ,
“ They want to
help him.”
She told me that
they wanted to
help him.
引号内的第三人
称在变间引后人
称不变
第三
人称
不变
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般过去时
过去完成时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”
The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.
注: 直引若是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变.
时态变化
2.
直接引语
间接引语
指示代词
时 间 状 语
地点状语
方向性动词
this,
that,
these
those
now,
then,
today
that day
this week
that week
yesterday
the day before
last week
the week before
four days ago
four days before
the day before yesterday
two days before
tomorrow
the next/following day
next month
the next/following month
here
there
come,
go,
bring
take
情态动词
can, may, must
could,might,had to
解题步骤:
1.陈述句
“I don’t like computers,” Sandy said to her friends.
Sandy said to her friends
that
I don’t like
computers.
said
didn’t
she
Sandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
Exercises :
1). Betty says to Harry," I want to borrow your book.”
Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book.
2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.”
My teacher said that she was a good student.
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
She said, “I like singing. ”
She said, “I am waiting for a bus.”
She said, “I visited Europe last year.”
She said, “I have never met an American.”
She said, “I will see you next week.”
She said she liked singing.
She said she was waiting for a bus.
She said she had visited Europe the year before.
She said she had never met an American.
She said she would see me the next week.
SUMMARY
直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词 if 或 whether 连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
2.一般疑问句:
Is it easy to work out the problem
( They asked him )
They asked him
if
It is easy to work out the problem.
it is easy to work out the problem.
asked
is
was
They asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.
3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me ”
She asked me if I agreed with her.
4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any
delicious food to eat ”
Anne asked her mother if there was any
delicious food to eat.
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
She asked, “Have you seen the film ”
She asked me whether\if I had seen the film.
He asked, “Are you a doctor, John ”
He asked John if\whether he was a doctor.
She asked us, “Where are you going to get off ”
She asked us where we were going to get off.
He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday ”
He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.
3.特殊疑问句：
When do you harvest the wheat
( They asked him )
They asked him
when
you harvest the wheat
you harvest the wheat.
he
harvested
They asked him when he harvested the wheat.
5) “ What are you going to do ” he asked.
He asked me what I was going to do.
6）“How do you go to school every day ” asked Mr. Zhang.
Mr. Zhang asked how I went to school everyday.
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order , advise等动词的宾语。
　　注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never。
SUMMARY
4.祈使句
Little boy, put on your coat.
(They ordered )
They ordered
Little boy
Little boy, put on your coat.
put on your coat.
to put
They ordered the little boy to put on his coat.
his
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
“Never do that again,” the teacher said．
The policeman ordered us to be quiet.
The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.”
The teacher told the boy to open the window
The teacher said to the boy ,”Open the window .”
The teacher told me not /never to do that again．
“Wait a moment．” she said to them.
She asked them to wait a moment .
注意事项
1) 人称
2) 时态
3) 相应的时间地点状语
4) 标点符号
5） 大小写
6） 问号改为句号
7） 语序---疑问改陈述
8） 宾语从句由什么引出
9) 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述
7). Mom said,“ Don‘t chat with strangers．”
Mom told me not to chat with strangers.
8). “ Go shopping with me, please ” said Mr. Wang .
Mr. Wang asked me to go shopping with him.
1. ‘ I am doing some important work,’ Mr Smith said.
Mr. Smith said ____ ____ ______ some important work
2.‘ Who are you looking for ’ Tom asked Sandy.
Tom asked Sandy ____ ____ ____ ______ _____.
3.‘ Do you want me to help you with your English,’ asked he.
He asked__________ ____ ______ _____ ____help me with _____English.
Fill in the blanks
he was doing
who she was looking for
if/whether I wanted him to
my
4. ‘ I want to know if you can learn it by yourselves,’ the teacher said.
The teacher said ______ _______ to know if ____ _____ _______ it by __________.
5. Our teacher asked if we knew the answer.
‘___ _____ ______ the answer ’ our teacher asked.
6. Millie asked where her book was.
Millie asked, ‘_______ _____ _____ _______ ’
he/she wanted
ourselves
we
Do you know
Where is my book
could learn
Choose the best answers.
A
C
A
1) Mr. Wu said he ________ us to the zoo this week.
A. would take B. will take C. take D. takes
2) The witness said he _____ under the table at that time.
A. hide B. have hidden
C. was hiding D. hidden
3) The police asked if anyone _______ tell him some information.
A. could B. can C. is able to D. will
D
B
C
4)Could you tell me ___________
A. how far is it B. how can I get there
C. how I could get there D. how I can get there
5) Sandy said she ________ all the work.
A. finished B. had finished
C. has finished D. will finish
6) He said he ________ his book at your home.
A. leave B. leaves C. had left D. was leaving
Correct the mistakes.
She said she misses her family a lot.
2.He asked his new friend she would like
some coffee.
3. The teacher asked who was on duty
today.
missed
if/ whether
that day
4. All of us want to know if it is rainy
or not.
5. A man asked whose book is it.
6. The teacher asked the boy to hand in
his homework to school tomorrow.
whether
it was
the next day