2021届通用版高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解解题与练习 学案（Word版含答案，共11份打包）

2021高考英语二轮阅读理解讲解与练习（二十二）
一：知识梳理
1：推断题=推理+判断
解题技巧：a：定位
b：怎样推断（是方向而不是远近）
1）：不能和主旨相矛盾
2）不能有细节矛盾且有相关细节，同义替换最好
3）最能证明主旨
2：第一段主要谈论了xxx，哪个正确？
a：读完整段，自己总结
b：80%题目出题点
c：四个选项定位
3：80%出题点
中心句；转折关系；因果关系；递进关系；
举例关系；特殊符号；敏感词；比较关系
4：第一题为主旨题，怎么办？
根据题文同序原则；首段中心为全文中心，读完首段中心；直接选（说明文）；假如文章体裁为记叙文或者夹叙夹议文；应当结合首尾段的中心句去推测文章主旨。
（A）
When
you
choose
a
higher
education
course,
here
are
some
tips
for
you
to
follow.
Choosing
your
course
There
are
a
range
of
subjects
and
courses
available.
Many
are
work-related;
others
are
academic.
You’ll
need
to
look
beyond
the
course
title
because
courses
with
almost
the
same
name
may
differ
enormously.
For
example,
if
you’re
interested
in
construction
but
wish
to
use
your
creative
skills,
you
may
be
better
suited
to
a
building
design
management
course
than
a
building
project
management
course.
Style
of
learning
Think
about
the
style
of
learning
that
best
suits
you.
It’s
important
to
study
a
subject
that
you
particularly
enjoy,
but
if
you
want
to
follow
a
career
in
a
different
area,
you
may
consider
taking
the
subjects
you
want
to
learn
and
joining
them
into
one
degree.
Many
degree
courses
are
made
up
of
different
subject
modules
which
deal
with
particular
areas
of
interest.
Choosing
where
to
study
Where
you
study
can
be
almost
as
important
as
what
you
study.
One
thing
to
consider
is
whether
you
want
to
live
at
home
or
move
away.
For
some
people,
living
at
home
offers
the
best
of
both
worlds,
but
it
may
make
sense
to
move
if
you
want
to
study
a
particular
course
at
a
specific
university
or
college.
Many
students
value
the
experience
of
living
on
campus
or
in
a
different
part
of
the
country
as
an
important
part
of
university
life.
Finding
out
more
about
courses
Once
you’ve
got
a
list
of
courses
that
appeal
to
you,
it’s
worth
looking
at
some
other
sources
of
information
about
them,
like
independent
reports.
These
provide
information
on
the
numbers
of
students
who
finished
the
course,
student
satisfaction
and
more.
Open
days
Open
days
usually
take
place
in
spring
or
autumn.
Although
you
may
have
an
idea
about
what
a
course
is
like,
there’s
no
substitute（替代）for
attending
a
class
yourself.
If
you
can’t
come
on
the
open
days,
you
can
sign
up
for
a
guided
tour
instead.
1.You
need
to
look
beyond
the
course
title
because
courses
with
similar
names
may
be
______.
A.creativity-focused
B.work-related
C.far
different
D.quite
similar
2.What
are
you
advised
to
do
if
your
interest
disagrees
with
your
future
career?
A.Add
preferred
subjects
to
your
degree
courses.
B.Choose
the
subjects
based
on
your
interest.
C.Earn
different
degrees.
D.Give
up
your
interest.
3.What
do
we
learn
about
from
Para.
4?
A.Disadvantages
of
studying
on
campus.
B.Reasons
for
choosing
where
to
study.
C.Importance
of
attending
a
nearby
college.
D.Problems
of
going
to
a
faraway
university.
4
.Why
is
it
recommended
to
check
independent
reports?
A.To
increase
applicants’
interest.
B.To
better
understand
a
course.
C.To
figure
out
how
to
complete
a
course.
D.To
find
out
how
different
the
courses
are.
5
.On
the
open
days,
would-be
college
students
can
______.
A.sign
up
for
a
particular
course
B.take
a
guided
tour
on
the
campus
C.see
whether
there
is
a
substitute
course
D.have
a
first-hand
experience
of
a
course
（B）
　Artificial
intelligence(AI)
technology
may
soon
be
a
useful
tool
for
doctors.It
may
help
them
better
understand
and
treat
diseases
like
liver
cancer
in
ways
that
were
never
before
possible.
Rishi
Rawat，who
teaches
AI
at
the
University
of
Southern
California
in
Los
Angeles，is
part
of
a
team
of
scientists
researching
how
AI
and
machine
learning
can
more
easily
recognize
cancerous
growths
in
the
liver.Rawat
provides
information
about
cancer
cells
to
a
computer.He
says，“You
can
put
the
data
into
them
and
they
will
learn
the
patterns
and
the
pattern
recognition
that’s
important
for
making
decisions.”
David
Agus
is
another
researcher.He
believes
that
machines
are
not
going
to
take
the
place
of
doctors.“Computers
will
not
treat
patients，but
they
will
help
make
certain
decisions
and
look
for
things
that
the
human
brain
can’t
recognize
by
itself.”
Once
a
confirmed
cancerous
growth
is
removed，doctors
still
have
to
treat
the
patient
to
reduce
the
risk
of
cancer
returning.The
form
of
treatment
depends
on
the
kind
of
cancer.Nowadays，researchers
take
a
thin
piece
of
tissue(组织)，put
it
on
a
small
piece
of
glass
and
add
color
to
see
the
cells
better.That
process
could
take
days
or
even
longer.Scientists
say
artificial
intelligence
can
do
something
better
than
just
count
cells.Through
machine
learning，it
can
recognize
complex
patterns
or
structures，and
learn
how
the
cells
are
organized.
The
hope
is
that
machines
will
soon
be
able
to
make
a
quick
identification
of
cancer
that
is
free
of
human
mistakes.Agus
says
the
process
could
be
done
for
almost
no
cost
in
the
developing
world
and
that
having
a
large
amount
of
information
about
patients
is
important
for
a
machine
to
effectively
do
its
job
in
medicine.
The
researchers
of
the
university
are
now
only
studying
liver
cancer.But
doctors
predict
artificial
intelligence
will
one
day
make
a
difference
in
all
forms
of
cancer.
1.What
can
AI
do
with
the
help
of
the
information
provided
by
the
researchers?
A.Recognize
cancer
patterns.
B.Treat
liver
cancer.
C.Collect
useful
information.
D.Store
cancerous
cells.
2.What
can
we
learn
about
AI?
A.It
will
be
able
to
replace
doctors.
B.Patients
are
unlikely
to
be
cancerous
again
with
its
help.
C.It
is
making
a
difference
in
taking
care
of
patients.
D.It
can
recognize
cancer
more
accurately.
3.What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
future
of
AI?
A.Optimistic.
B.Doubtful.
C.Curious.
D.Cold.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.AI
Is
Used
to
Treat
Cancers
B.AI
May
Compete
with
Doctors
C.AI
May
Make
Doctors
Better
D.AI
Is
Better
at
Curing
Cancers
（C）
Reading
can
be
a
social
activity.Think
of
the
people
who
belong
to
book
groups.They
choose
books
to
read
and
then
meet
to
discuss
them.Now
the
website
BookCrossing.com
turns
the
page
on
the
traditional
idea
of
a
book
group.
Members
go
on
the
site
and
register
the
books
they
own
and
would
like
to
share.BookCrossing
provides
an
identification
number
to
stick
inside
the
book.Then
the
person
leaves
it
in
a
public
place，hoping
that
the
book
will
have
an
adventure，traveling
far
and
wide
with
each
new
reader
who
finds
it.
Bruce
Pederson，the
managing
director
of
BookCrossing，says，"The
two
things
that
change
your
life
are
the
people
you
meet
and
books
you
read.BookCrossing
combines
both."
Members
leave
books
on
park
benches
and
buses，in
train
stations
and
coffee
shops.Whoever
finds
their
book
will
go
to
the
site
and
record
where
they
found
it.
People
who
find
a
book
can
also
leave
a
journal
entry
describing
what
they
thought
of
it.E-mails
are
then
sent
to
the
BookCrossers
to
keep
them
updated
about
where
their
books
have
been
found.Bruce
Peterson
says
the
idea
is
for
people
not
to
be
selfish
by
keeping
a
book
to
gather
dust
on
a
shelf
at
home.
BookCrossing
is
part
of
a
trend
among
people
who
want
to
get
back
to
the"real"and
not
the
virtual（虚拟）.The
site
now
has
more
than
one
million
members
in
more
than
one
hundred
thirty-five
countries.
1.Why
does
the
author
mention
book
groups
in
the
first
paragraph？
______
A.To
explain
what
they
are.
B.To
introduce
BookCrossing.
C.To
stress
the
importance
of
reading.
D.To
encourage
readers
to
share
their
ideas.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word"it"in
Paragraph
2
refer
to？
______
A.The
book.
B.An
adventure.
C.A
public
place.
D.The
identification
number.
3
.What
will
a
BookCrosser
do
with
a
book
after
reading
it？
______
A.Meet
other
readers
to
discuss
it.
B.Pass
it
on
to
another
reader.
C.Keep
it
safe
in
his
bookcase.
D.Mail
it
back
to
its
owner.
4
.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text？
______
A.Online
Reading：A
Virtual
Tour
B.Electronic
Books：A
new
Trend
C.A
Book
Group
Brings
Tradition
Back
D.A
Website
Links
People
through
Books
（D）
On
US
TV
shows，you
may
sometimes
see
rubber
balls
on
people’s
desks.These
balls
are
known
as
“stress
relief
balls”.People
can
squeeze
them
when
they
feel
stressed
out.It’s
believed
that
by
concentrating
on
the
act
of
squeezing，they
can
let
go
of
the
negative
energy
in
their
bodies.
“We
don’t
all
get
the
big，sunny
corner
office，the
comfortable
chair，or
four
weeks
of
vacation
at
work.A
focused
activity
helps
take
your
mind
off
the
problems
of
your
day，”
wrote
Joseph
Shrand，a
professor
at
Harvard
University，in
his
book
Manage
Your
Stress.
Indeed，stress
is
a
big
problem
for
many
people.Fortunately，we
have
many
ways
to
deal
with
it.In
fact，the
rubber
stress
relief
balls
that
are
so
popular
today
in
the
US
are
believed
to
date
back
to
ancient
China.Back
in
the
Han
dynasty(BC
202-AD
220)，soldiers
used
walnuts(核桃)
to
get
rid
of
stress.By
squeezing
them
during
moments
of
anxiety，soldiers
were
able
to
calm
themselves
down
before
going
into
battle.In
the
Ming
dynasty(AD
1368-1644)，people
started
rolling
the
walnuts
in
their
hands.Ordinary
citizens—not
just
soldiers—developed
the
habit
of
rolling
two
walnuts，or
balls
made
from
iron
or
stone，around
in
their
hands.This
helped
them
relax
as
well.
And
today，we
have
many
gadgets(小器具)
and
toys
that
are
designed
to
reduce
stress
in
addition
to
stress
relief
balls.One
example
is
the
popular
fidget
spinner，which
keeps
your
hand
busy
with
an
easy
task—spinning
the
gadget
around.There’s
also
the
fidget
cube，which
features
different
“gimmicks”(花招)
on
each
side
of
the
cube.You
can
click，spin，pull，push
and
roll
different
parts
of
the
cube.
These
gadgets
may
look
like
simple
toys，but
perhaps
we
should
take
them
more
seriously
than
they
are
given
credit
for.“After
all，the
history
of
stress
balls
is
a
history
of
modern-day
coping，”
reporter
Nadia
Berenstein
wrote
for
Woolly
magazine.
1.Why
do
people
squeeze
rubber
balls
on
US
TV
shows?
A.To
attract
the
audience’s
attention.
B.To
kill
time
when
they
are
bored.
C.To
relieve
the
negative
emotions.
D.To
concentrate
themselves
on
something.
2.What
is
the
main
idea
of
Paragraph
3?
A.The
history
of
the
Han
dynasty.
B.The
history
of
rolling
walnuts.
C.The
materials
of
rolling
balls.
D.The
differences
between
China
and
US.
3.What
is
Nadia
Berenstein’s
attitude
to
the
function
of
the
stress
ball?
A.Doubtful.
B.Unconcerned.
C.Objective.
D.Negative.
（E）
Before
the
1830s,most
newspapers
were
sold
through
annual
subscriptions
in
America,usually
$8
to
$10
a
year.Today
$8
or
$10
seems
a
small
amount
of
money,but
at
that
time
these
amounts
were
forbidding
to
most
citizens.Accordingly,newspapers
were
read
almost
only
by
rich
people
in
politics
or
the
trades.In
addition,most
newspapers
had
little
in
them
that
would
appeal
to
a
mass
audience.They
were
dull
and
visually
forbidding.But
the
revolution
that
was
taking
place
in
the
1830s
would
change
all
that.
The
trend,then,was
toward
the
“penny
paper”—a
term
referring
to
papers
made
widely
available
to
the
public.It
meant
any
inexpensive
newspaper;perhaps
more
importantly
it
meant
newspapers
that
could
be
bought
in
single
copies
on
the
street.
This
development
did
not
take
place
overnight.It
had
been
possible(but
not
easy)to
buy
single
copies
of
newspapers
before
1830,but
this
usually
meant
the
reader
had
to
go
down
to
the
printer’s
office
to
purchase
a
copy.Street
sales
were
almost
unknown.However,within
a
few
years,street
sales
of
newspapers
would
be
commonplace
in
eastern
cities.At
first
the
price
of
single
copies
was
seldom
a
penny—usually
two
or
three
cents
was
charged—and
some
of
the
older
well-known
papers
charged
five
or
six
cents.But
the
phrase
“penny
paper”
caught
the
public’s
fancy,and
soon
there
would
be
papers
that
did
indeed
sell
for
only
a
penny.
This
new
trend
of
newspapers
for
“the
man
on
the
street”
did
not
begin
well.Some
of
the
early
ventures(企业)were
immediate
failures.Publishers
already
in
business,people
who
were
owners
of
successful
papers,had
little
desire
to
change
the
tradition.It
took
a
few
youthful
and
daring
businessmen
to
get
the
ball
rolling.
1.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
newspapers
in
America
before
the
1830s?
A.Academic.
B.Unattractive.
C.Inexpensive.
D.Confidential.
2.What
did
street
sales
mean
to
newspapers?
A.They
would
be
priced
higher.
B.They
would
disappear
from
cities.
C.They
could
have
more
readers.
D.They
could
regain
public
trust.
3.Who
were
the
newspapers
of
the
new
trend
targeted
at?
A.Local
politicians.
B.Common
people.
C.Young
publishers.
D.Rich
businessmen.
4.What
can
we
say
about
the
birth
of
the
penny
paper?
A.It
was
a
difficult
process.
B.It
was
a
temporary
success.
C.It
was
a
robbery
of
the
poor.
D.It
was
a
disaster
for
printers.
参考答案：
A篇：CABBD
B篇：ADAC
C篇：BABD
D篇：CBC
E篇：BCBA2021高考英语二轮阅读理解解题与练习（十一）
一：知识梳理
细节题解题技巧
1：什么叫定位
（先看题；带着问题读文章）
2：定位标志的选择原则
(1.
明显定位词（大写字母；数字；敏感词（最高级；序数词；唯一性
(2.
核心含义定位：优先考虑名词（多个）—以防定位不准；再找形容词副词；最后找动词）
3：解题步骤：
a：从题目中找寻定位标志（选多个词定位，以防1个词无法定位）
b：文中找词（题文同序；均匀分布）一次性看完所有题；记忆定位
c：确定答案所在句（定位标志出现后，开始详细翻译；发现是所问为答案；不是所问；非答案，陈述对象发生转变；非答案）
d：选择答案：
1：同义替换
2：证明中心
3：全面大于片面（A片面；证明中心，B全面；偏离中心）
二：习题训练
（A）
I
am
an
active
playgoer
and
play-reader,
and
perhaps
my
best
reason
for
editing
this
book
is
a
hope
of
sharing
my
enthusiasm
for
the
theater
with
others.
To
do
this
I
have
searched
through
dozens
of
plays
to
find
the
ones
that
I
think
best
show
the
power
and
purpose
of
the
short
play.
Each
play
has
a
theme
or
central
idea
which
the
playwright(剧作家)
hopes
to
get
across
through
dialogue
and
action.
A
few
characters
are
used
to
create
a
single
impression
growing
out
of
the
theme.
It
is
not
my
intention
to
point
out
the
central
theme
of
each
of
the
plays
in
this
collection,
for
that
would,
indeed,
ruin
the
pleasure
of
reading,
discussing,
and
thinking
about
the
plays
and
the
effectiveness
of
the
playwright.
However,
a
variety
of
types
is
represented
here.
These
include
comedy,
satire,
poignant
drama,
historical
and
regional
drama.
To
show
the
versatility(多面性)
of
the
short
play,
I
have
included
a
guidance
play,
a
radio
play
and
a
television
play.
Among
the
writers
of
the
plays
in
this
collection,
Paul
Green,
Susan
Glaspell,
Maxwell
Anderson,
Thornton
Wilder,
William
Saroyan,
and
Tennessee
Williams
have
all
received
Pulitzer
Prizes
for
their
contributions
to
the
theater.
More
information
about
the
playwrights
will
be
found
at
the
end
of
this
book.
To
get
the
most
out
of
reading
these
plays,
try
to
picture
the
play
on
stage,
with
you,
the
reader,
in
the
audience.
The
houselights
dim(变暗).
The
curtains
are
about
to
open,
and
in
a
few
minutes
the
action
and
dialogue
will
tell
you
the
story.
1.What
do
we
know
about
the
author
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.He
has
written
dozens
of
plays.
B.He
has
a
deep
love
for
the
theater.
C.He
is
a
professional
stage
actor.
D.He
likes
reading
short
plays
to
others.
2.What
does
the
author
avoid
doing
in
his
work?
A.Stating
the
plays’
central
ideas.
B.Selecting
works
by
famous
playwrights.
C.Including
various
types
of
plays.
D.Offering
information
on
the
playwrights.
3.What
does
the
author
suggest
readers
do
while
reading
the
plays?
A.Control
their
feelings.
B.Apply
their
acting
skills.
C.Use
their
imagination.
D.Keep
their
audience
in
mind.
4.What
is
this
text?
A.A
short
story.
B.An
introduction
to
a
book.
C.A
play
review.
D.An
advertisement
for
a
theater.
（B）
When
a
leafy
plant
is
under
attack,it
doesn’t
sit
quietly.Back
in
1983,two
scientists,Jack
Schultz
and
Ian
Baldwin,reported
that
young
maple
trees
getting
bitten
by
insects
send
out
a
particular
smell
that
neighboring
plants
can
get.These
chemicals
come
from
the
injured
parts
of
the
plant
and
seem
to
be
an
alarm.What
the
plants
pump
through
the
air
is
a
mixture
of
chemicals
known
as
volatile
organic
compounds,VOCs
for
short.
Scientists
have
found
that
all
kinds
of
plants
give
out
VOCs
when
being
attacked.It’s
a
plant’s
way
of
crying
out.But
is
anyone
listening?Apparently.Because
we
can
watch
the
neighbors
react.
Some
plants
pump
out
smelly
chemicals
to
keep
insects
away.But
others
do
double
duty.They
pump
out
perfumes
designed
to
attract
different
insects
who
are
natural
enemies
to
the
attackers.Once
they
arrive,the
tables
are
turned.The
attacker
who
was
lunching
now
becomes
lunch.?
In
study
after
study,it
appears
that
these
chemical
conversations
help
the
neighbors.The
damage
is
usually
more
serious
on
the
first
plant,but
the
neighbors,relatively
speaking,stay
safer
because
they
heard
the
alarm
and
knew
what
to
do.
Does
this
mean
that
plants
talk
to
each
other?Scientists
don’t
know.Maybe
the
first
plant
just
made
a
cry
of
pain
or
was
sending
a
message
to
its
own
branches,and
so,in
effect,was
talking
to
itself.Perhaps
the
neighbors
just
happened
to
“overhear”
the
cry.So
information
was
exchanged,but
it
wasn’t
a
true,intentional
back
and
forth.
Charles
Darwin,over
150
years
ago,imagined
a
world
far
busier,noisier
and
more
intimate(亲密的)
than
the
world
we
can
see
and
hear.Our
senses
are
weak.There’s
a
whole
lot
going
on.
1.What
does
a
plant
do
when
it
is
under
attack?
A.It
makes
noises.
B.It
gets
help
from
other
plants.
C.It
stands
quietly.
D.It
sends
out
certain
chemicals.
2.What
does
the
author
mean
by
“the
tables
are
turned”
in
paragraph
3?
A.The
attackers
get
attacked.
B.The
insects
gather
under
the
table.
C.The
plants
get
ready
to
fight
back.
D.The
perfumes
attract
natural
enemies.
3.Scientists
find
from
their
studies
that
plants
can
　　　.?
A.predict
natural
disasters
B.protect
themselves
against
insects
C.talk
to
one
another
intentionally
D.help
their
neighbors
when
necessary
4.What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.The
world
is
changing
faster
than
ever.
B.People
have
stronger
senses
than
before.
C.The
world
is
more
complex
than
it
seems.
D.People
in
Darwin’s
time
were
more
imaginative.
（C）
There
is
an
old
Chinese
proverb
that
states
“One
generation
plants
the
trees;another
gets
the
shade”,and
this
is
how
it
should
be
with
mothers
and
daughters.The
relationship
between
a
mother
and
a
daughter
is
sometimes
confusing.It
can
be
similar
to
friendship.However,the
mother
and
daughter
relationship
has
unique
characteristics
that
distinguish
it
from
a
friendship.These
characteristics
include
a
level
of
responsibilities
and
unconditional
love,which
preclude
mothers
and
daughters
from
being
best
friends.
Marina,27
years
old,said,“I
love
spending
time
with
my
mom,but
I
wouldn’t
consider
her
my
best
friend.Best
friends
don’t
pay
for
your
wedding.Best
friends
don’t
remind
you
how
they
carried
you
in
their
body
and
gave
you
life!Best
friends
don’t
tell
you
how
wise
they
are
because
they
have
been
alive
at
least
20
years
longer
than
you.”
This
doesn’t
mean
that
the
mother
and
daughter
relationship
can’t
be
very
close
and
satisfying.
While
some
adult
relationships
are
still
troubled,many
find
them
to
be
extremely
rewarding.This
generation
of
mothers
and
adult
daughters
has
a
lot
in
common,which
increases
the
likelihood
of
shared
companionship.Mothers
and
daughters
have
always
shared
the
common
experience
of
being
home-makers,responsible
for
maintaining
and
passing
on
family
values
and
traditions.Today
contemporary
mothers
and
daughters
also
share
the
experience
of
the
workforce
and
technology,which
may
bring
them
even
closer
together.
Best
friends
may
or
may
not
continue
to
be
best
friends,but
for
better
or
worse,the
mother
and
daughter
relationship
is
permanent,even
if
for
some
unfortunate
reason
they
aren’t
speaking.The
mother
and
child
relationship
is
closer
than
any
other.There
is
not
an
equal
relationship.Daughters
should
not
feel
responsible
for
their
mother’s
emotional
well-being.It
isn’t
that
they
don’t
care
deeply
about
their
mothers.It’s
just
that
they
shouldn’t
be
burdened
with
their
mother’s
well-being.
The
mother
and
daughter
relationship
is
a
relationship
that
is
not
replaceable
for
any
other.Mothers
never
stop
being
mothers,which
includes
frequently
wanting
to
protect
their
daughters
and
often
feeling
responsible
for
their
happiness.Mothers
always
“trump(胜过)”
friends.
1.What
does
the
underlined
word
“preclude”
in
Para.1
probably
mean?
A.differ
B.prevent
C.benefit
D.change
2.What
do
you
know
from
the
text?
A.The
mother
and
daughter
relationship
can
be
replaced
by
a
best
friend.
B.A
mother’s
love
brings
her
and
her
daughter
a
close
friendship.
C.The
mother
and
daughter
relationship
goes
beyond
best
friends’
friendship.
D.Marina
has
a
troubled
relationship
with
her
mother.
3.How
does
the
author
mainly
prove
his
statement?
A.By
listing
data.
B.By
giving
explanations.
C.By
quoting
sayings.
D.By
making
comparisons.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.How
to
be
a
good
mother
and
daughter?
B.Who
is
a
mother’s
best
friend?
C.Mothers
or
friends?
D.Can
a
mother
be
a
daughter’s
best
friend?
参考答案：
A篇：BACB
B篇：DABC
C篇：BCBD2021高考英语二轮阅读理解讲解及练习（十七）
一：知识梳理
主旨题解题
a：main
idea
b：best
title
c：本文目的；想告诉我们什么
d：本文可能来自于
1：主旨题解题方法
：
1）找到各段中心句
a：读完之后总结
b：1；2句或最后一句
中心句特点：
第一句是中心：无特点
第二句是中心：1；2句存在转折关系
，
but
中心句
中，although
1；2句存在递进关系
，
indeed/moreover
中心句
第1句是过渡句：not
anymore；no
longer
第三句是中心：总之。all
in
all；generally；generally
speaking；in
conclusion一般不会有in
a
word
2）总结：看第1句是不是有not
anymore；no
longer，if
yes，第二句为中心句，if
not，看第二句和第一句是否存在转折递进关系，if
yes，第二句为中心句，if
not，看尾句，如果尾句有总之，则尾句为中心句；if
not；中心句为第一句
（A）
How
to
Use
a
Modern
Public
Library
Has
it
been
a
while
since
your
last
visit
to
a
public
library?
If
so,
you
may
be
surprised
to
learn
that
libraries
have
changed
for
the
better.
It’s
been
years
since
they
were
dusty
little
rooms
with
books.
They
have
transformed
themselves
into
places
where
you
can
develop
your
love
of
knowledge
meet
interesting
people,
or
find
out
how
to
start
a
business.
Check
out
a
book.
While
libraries
still
loan
out(出借)books,
you’ll
find
it
easier
to
get
a
copy
of
whatever
you’re
looking
for,
thanks
to
a
cooperative
network
of
area
libraries.
Via
such
networks,
libraries
share
their
books
with
each
other
through
the
use
of
delivery
vehicles.
Once
the
book
you’ve
requested
is
delivered
to
the
nearest
branch,
they
will
inform
you
by
e-mail,
so
you
can
pick
it
up.
Check
out
other
items.
The
library
is
now
a
multimedia
zone,
loaded
with
information
in
many
formats(载体形式).
You
can
borrow
movies
on
DVDs,
music
on
CDs,
and
popular
magazines.
Some
libraries
even
loan
out
toys
and
games.
If
a
popular
magazine
you
want
isn’t
offered
and
the
library
keeps
a
list
of
such
requests,
they
may
bring
it
in
when
enough
interest
is
shown.
Join
targeted
reading
groups.
Libraries
will
often
hold
reading-group
sessions
targeted
to
various
age
groups.
Perhaps
you’d
like
to
learn
a
language
or
improve
your
English.
The
library
may
sponsor
a
language
group
you
could
join.
If
you
have
difficulties
reading,
ask
about
special
reading
opportunities.
Your
library
might
be
able
to
accommodate
you.
And
you
might
find
it
relaxing
to
bring
your
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
while
you
sit
quietly
in
a
corner
with
a
good
book.
Start
a
business
using
the
help
of
your
local
library.
If
you
want
to
have
a
business
of
your
own,
your
local
library
can
become
a
launch
space
for
it.
In
library
books
and
computers,
you
can
find
information
on
starting
a
business.
Many
libraries
will
help
you
with
locally
supplied
information
about
business
management
shared
through
chambers
of
commerce(商会)and
government
agencies,
and
they
will
offer
printing,
faxing
and
database
services
you
need.
1
.Public
libraries
connected
by
a
cooperative
network
benefit
readers
by______.
A.sharing
their
books
on
the
Internet
B.giving
access
to
online
reading
at
a
library
branch
C.sending
a
needed
book
to
a
library
branch
nearby
D.making
the
checkout
procedures
diverse
2
.According
to
Paragraph
3,
what
items
may
be
checked
out
from
a
public
library?
A.A
magazine
and
an
e-book.
B.A
game
and
an
oil
painting.
C.A
music
CD
and
a
kid’s
toy.
D.A
DVD
and
a
video
player
3
.As
is
described
in
Paragraph
4,
taking
a
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
allows
______.
A.the
kid
to
learn
a
new
language
B.the
parent
to
enjoy
quiet
reading
C.the
kid
to
overcome
reading
difficulties
D.the
parent
to
meet
their
program
sponsor
4
.Your
local
library
can
help
you
start
a
business
by
______.
A.providing
relevant
information
and
supporting
services
B.offering
professional
advice
on
business
management
C.supplying
useful
information
of
your
potential
buyers
D.arranging
meetings
with
government
officials
5
.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.To
point
out
the
importance
of
public
libraries.
B.To
encourage
people
to
work
in
public
libraries.
C.To
introduce
the
improved
services
of
public
libraries.
D.To
call
for
the
modernization
of
public
library
systems.
（B）
My
dream
of
working
in
a
flower
shop
had
its
roots
in
my
grandmother’s
garden,always
in
bloom,where
I
made
bunches
with
whatever
I
could
get
my
hands
on.However,I
wasn’t
prepared
for
the
people.Their
stories
impressed
me
long
after
I
locked
up
for
the
night.
I
always
enjoyed
reading
the
messages
that
went
along
with
each
bunch.Most
were
what
you
would
expect,plenty
of
“I
Love
You”
and“Get
Well
Soon”.We
got
“Happy
Birthday”
“Happy
Anniversary”
and
“Thinking
of
You”
requests
that
were
written
in
shorthand—H.B.,H.A.,T.O.Y.
I
would
laugh
at
messages
that
seemed
too
sugary
or
boring,and
it
disheartened
me
when
customers
asked
what
their
sympathy
card
should
say.But
I
also
understood
that
finding
the
right
words
could
be
a
monumental
task
and
that
sometimes
those
words
just
happened
to
be
the
same
ones
everyone
else
was
using.
I
have
sold
flowers
to
single
men
and
women,to
color-blind
fathers
shopping
with
their
precocious
daughters,to
new
parents,grandparents,aunts
and
uncles
and
to
couples
celebrating
50
years.I’ve
given
flowers
to
homeless
men
who
had
in
turn
given
them
to
pretty
girls
in
summer
dresses.People
buy
flowers
when
they’re
in
love,in
trouble,drunk,devastated,excited
and
sometimes
for
no
obvious
reason.
I
took
photos
of
card
messages
and
told
my
favorite
shop
stories
to
co-workers,family
and
friends,but
still
so
much
got
away.Precious
moments
made
all
more
precious
by
the
fact
that
they
had
already
come
and
gone.Now
I
gauge
months
by
what’s
in
season:
sunflowers
in
July,dahlias
(大丽花)in
August,roses
and
maple
in
October,pine
in
December,hyacinth(风信子)
in
March.
A
favorite
of
mine
is
tulip
magnolia(紫玉兰),the
way
the
buds(花蕾)
break
into
flowers
and
the
flowers
into
many
colors
on
lawns,all
in
a
matter
of
weeks
while
it’s
snowing
cherry
blossoms.How
surprisingly
beautiful
the
life
of
flowers
can
be!
1.Why
did
the
author
like
reading
the
messages
going
with
the
bunches?
A.They
conveyed
friendship,love
and
best
wishes.
B.They
reminded
the
author
of
her
past.
C.They
were
sugary
and
the
author
found
them
funny.
D.They
helped
to
attract
customers
to
buy
flowers.
2.What
can
we
infer
from
Paragraph
3?
A.The
messages
were
boring
because
of
repetitions.
B.The
author
likes
tulip
magnolia
because
of
its
growing
place.
C.The
author
found
it
depressing
to
talk
about
sympathy
cards.
D.The
author
learned
a
lot
in
her
grandmother’s
garden.
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“gauge”
probably
mean
in
Paragraph
5?
A.Spend.
B.Forget.
C.Arrange.
D.Measure.
4.What
does
the
author
learn
from
the
flower
shop?
A.She
understands
that
everyone
has
a
favorite
flower.
B.She
learns
that
life
is
more
beautiful
with
flowers.
C.She
realizes
that
flowers
sell
well
with
message
cards.
D.She
finds
out
that
message
cards
are
worth
cherishing.
（C）
Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts.The
microorganisms(微生物)
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station,so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.How
is
NASA
overcoming
this
very
tiny
big
problem?It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids.But
not
just
any
kids.It
is
depending
on
NASA
HUNCH
high
school
classrooms,like
the
one
science
teachers
Gene
Gordon
and
Donna
Himmelberg
lead
at
Fairport
High
School
in
Fairport,New
York.
HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.For
the
past
two
years,Gordon’s
students
have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
in
zero
gravity,and
they
think
they’re
close
to
a
solution(解决方案).“We
don’t
give
the
students
any
breaks.They
have
to
do
it
just
like
NASA
engineers,”
says
Florence
Gold,a
project
manager.
“There
are
no
tests,”
Gordon
says.“There
is
no
graded
homework.There
almost
are
no
grades,other
than
‘Are
you
working
towards
your
goal?’Basically,it’s
‘I’ve
got
to
produce
this
product
and
then,at
the
end
of
the
year,present
it
to
NASA.’Engineers
come
and
really
do
an
in-person
review,and...
it’s
not
a
very
nice
thing
at
times.It’s
a
hard
business
review
of
your
product.”
Gordon
says
the
HUNCH
program
has
an
impact(影响)
on
college
admissions
and
practical
life
skills.“These
kids
are
so
absorbed
in
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.I
don’t
teach.”
And
that
annoying
bacteria?Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem,readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.
1.What
do
we
know
about
the
bacteria
in
the
International
Space
Station?
A.They
are
hard
to
get
rid
of.
B.They
lead
to
air
pollution.
C.They
appear
in
different
forms.
D.They
damage
the
instruments.
2.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
HUNCH
program?
A.To
strengthen
teacher-student
relationships.
B.To
sharpen
students’
communication
skills.
C.To
allow
students
to
experience
zero
gravity.
D.To
link
space
technology
with
school
education.
3.What
do
the
NASA
engineers
do
for
the
students
in
the
program?
A.Check
their
product.
B.Guide
project
designs.
C.Adjust
work
schedules.
D.Grade
their
homework.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.NASA:The
Home
of
Astronauts
B.Space:The
Final
Homework
Frontier
C.Nature:An
Outdoor
Classroom
D.HUNCH:A
College
Admission
Reform
（D）
According
to
a
recent
study
in
the
Journal
of
Consumer
Research,
both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake.
And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),
it's
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid.
To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits,
the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments.
In
the
first,
95
undergraduate
women
were
individually
invited
into
a
lab
to
ostensibly(表面上)participate
in
a
study
about
movie
viewership.
Before
the
film
began,
each
woman
was
asked
to
help
herself
to
a
snack.
An
actor
hired
by
the
researchers
grabbed
her
food
first.
In
her
natural
state,
the
actor
weighed
105
pounds.
But
in
half
the
cases
she
wore
a
specially
designed
fat
suit
which
increased
her
weight
to
180
pounds.
Both
the
fat
and
thin
versions
of
the
actor
took
a
large
amount
of
food.
The
participants
followed
suit,
taking
more
food
than
they
normally
would
have.
However,
they
took
significantly
more
when
the
actor
was
thin.
For
the
second
test,
in
one
case
the
thin
actor
took
two
pieces
of
candy
from
the
snack
bowls.
In
the
other
case,
she
took
30
pieces.
The
results
were
similar
to
the
first
test:
the
participants
followed
suit
but
took
significantly
more
candy
when
the
thin
actor
took
30
pieces.
The
tests
show
that
the
social
environment
is
extremely
influential
when
we're
making
decisions.
If
this
fellow
participant
is
going
to
eat
more,
so
will
I.
Call
it
the
“I’ll
have
what
she's
having”
effect.
However,
we'll
adjust
the
influence.
If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I'll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
But
if
a
thin
person
eats
a
lot,
I'll
follow
suit.
If
he
can
eat
much
and
keep
slim,
why
can't
I?
1.What
is
the
recent
study
mainly
about?
A.Food
safety.
B.Movie
viewership.
C.Consumer
demand.
D.Eating
behavior.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“beanpoles”
in
paragraph
1
refer
to?
A.Big
eaters.
B.Overweight
persons.
C.Picky
eaters.
D.Tall
thin
persons.
3
.Why
did
the
researchers
hire
the
actor?
A.To
see
how
she
would
affect
the
participants.
B.To
test
if
the
participants
could
recognize
her.
C.To
find
out
what
she
would
do
in
the
two
tests.
D.To
study
why
she
could
keep
her
weight
down.
4
.On
what
basis
do
we
“adjust
the
influence”
according
to
the
last
paragraph?
A.How
hungry
we
are.
B.How
slim
we
want
to
be.
C.How
we
perceive
others.
D.How
we
feel
about
the
food.
（E）
During
the
rosy
years
of
elementary
school(小学),I
enjoyed
sharing
my
dolls
and
jokes,which
allowed
me
to
keep
my
high
social
status.I
was
the
queen
of
the
playground.Then
came
my
tweens
and
teens,and
mean
girls
and
cool
kids.They
rose
in
the
ranks
not
by
being
friendly
but
by
smoking
cigarettes,breaking
rules
and
playing
jokes
on
others,
among
whom
I
soon
found
myself.
Popularity
is
a
well-explored
subject
in
social
psychology.Mitch
Prinstein,a
professor
of
clinical
psychology
sorts
the
popular
into
two
categories:the
likable
and
the
status
seekers.The
likables’
plays-well-with-others
qualities
strengthen
schoolyard
friendships,jump-start
interpersonal
skills
and,when
tapped
early,are
employed
ever
after
in
life
and
work.Then
there’s
the
kind
of
popularity
that
appears
in
adolescence:status
born
of
power
and
even
dishonorable
behavior.
Enviable
as
the
cool
kids
may
have
seemed,Dr.Prinstein’s
studies
show
unpleasant
consequences.Those
who
were
highest
in
status
in
high
school,as
well
as
those
least
liked
in
elementary
school,are
“most
likely
to
engage(从事)
in
dangerous
and
risky
behavior”.
In
one
study,Dr.Prinstein
examined
the
two
types
of
popularity
in
235
adolescents,scoring
the
least
liked,the
most
liked
and
the
highest
in
status
based
on
student
surveys(调查研究).“We
found
that
the
least
well-liked
teens
had
become
more
aggressive
over
time
toward
their
classmates.But
so
had
those
who
were
high
in
status.It
clearly
showed
that
while
likability
can
lead
to
healthy
adjustment,high
status
has
just
the
opposite
effect
on
us.”
Dr.Prinstein
has
also
found
that
the
qualities
that
made
the
neighbors
want
you
on
a
play
date—sharing,kindness,openness—carry
over
to
later
years
and
make
you
better
able
to
relate
and
connect
with
others.
In
analyzing
his
and
other
research,Dr.Prinstein
came
to
another
conclusion:Not
only
is
likability
related
to
positive
life
outcomes,but
it
is
also
responsible
for
those
outcomes,too.“Being
liked
creates
opportunities
for
learning
and
for
new
kinds
of
life
experiences
that
help
somebody
gain
an
advantage,”
he
said.
1.What
sort
of
girl
was
the
author
in
her
early
years
of
elementary
school?
A.Unkind.
B.Lonely.
C.Generous.
D.Cool.
2.What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.The
classification
of
the
popular.
B.The
characteristics
of
adolescents.
C.The
importance
of
interpersonal
skills.
D.The
causes
of
dishonorable
behavior.
3.What
did
Dr.Prinstein’s
study
find
about
the
most
liked
kids?
A.They
appeared
to
be
aggressive.
B.They
tended
to
be
more
adaptable.
C.They
enjoyed
the
highest
status.
D.They
performed
well
academically.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Be
Nice—You
Won’t
Finish
Last
B.The
Higher
the
Status,the
Better
C.Be
the
Best—You
Can
Make
It
D.More
Self-Control,Less
Aggressiveness
参考答案：
A篇：CCBAC
B篇：ACDB
C篇：ADAB
D篇：DDAC
E篇：CABA2021高考英语二轮阅读理解解题与练习（十四）
一：知识梳理
原因型细节题（问原因）
一：原因细节题和细节题之间的区别
普通细节题
原因型细节题
1：题目找词
1：题目找词
2：文中找词
2：文中找词
3：确定句子
3：确定事实所在句
4：选择答案
4：分析原因所在句
5：选择答案
二：如何分析原因所在句
1：因果关系提示词：因为….所以…
because;
since;
as;
for;
thus;
therefore;
thereby;
as
a
result
;reason
;
why
2:
哲学角度
a：目的论原因——原因=结果
英语：目的：for
purpose；to
do
sth；in
order
to/that；so
that=原因
3：机械化角度：
汉语：
A导致了B的发生
A：原因
B:结果
英语：
A
leads
to
B
A：reason
B:cause
eg：受热膨胀
当气体受热时，会膨胀
a：when
如果气体受热；它会膨胀
b：if
如果气体不受热；它就不会膨胀
c：否A则否B
4：快速解题（位置+哲学）
事实和原因；相距很近，可以在同一个句子中，可以在句子前后；80%在前后两个句子内
二：习题训练
（A）
Transport
has
a
lot
to
answer
for
when
it
comes
to
harming
the
planet.
While
cars
and
trains
are
moving
towards
greener,
electric
power,
emissions
from
air
travel
are
expected
to
increase
massively
by
2050.
If
we
want
big
green
sky
solutions,
we
need
blue
sky
thinking
Fortunately,
there's
plenty
of
that
happening
right
now,
particularly
the
short-haul
flights
powered
by
batteries.
Harbour
Air
is
the
largest
seaplane
airline
in
North
America,
flying
30,
000
commercial
flights
in
40
seaplanes
each
year.
Significantly,
all
Harbour
Air
routes
last
less
than
30
minutes,
making
it
perfectly
fit
for
electric
engines.
“As
an
airline,
we're
currently
in
the
process
of
turning
all
our
planes
into
electric
airplanes.
says
CEO
Greg
Mc
Dougall.
To
make
this
happen,
the
airline
has
partnered
up
with
MagniX
to
create
the
worlds
first
commercial
flight
with
an
electric
engine.
Making
the
skies
electric
isn't
just
good
for
the
environment,
it
also
makes
sound
financial
sense:
a
small
aircraft
uses
$400
on
conventional
fuel
for
a
100-mile
flight,
while
an
electric
one
costs
$8-12
for
the
same
distance,
and
that's
before
you
factor
in
the
higher
maintenance
costs
of
a
traditional
engine.
There's
also
the
added
bonus
that
electric
planes
are
just
much
more
pleasant
to
fly
in.
No
loud
engine
noise,
no
smell
of
fuel,
just
environmentally
friendly
peace
and
quiet.
While
there
has
been
real
progress
in
the
e-plane
industry,
the
technical
challenges
that
remain
are
keeping
everyone's
feet
firmly
on
the
ground.
A
battery,
even
a
lithium
one,
only
provides
250
watt-hours
per
kilogram;
compare
this
to
liquid
fuel,
which
has
a
specific
energy
of
11,
890
watt-hours
per
kilogram.
Carrying
adequate
batteries,
however,
would
make
the
plane
too
heavy
to
get
off
the
ground.
In
aircraft,
where
every
bit
of
weight
counts,
this
can't
just
be
ignored.
The
transition
（过渡）
from
gas
to
electric
in
the
automobile
industry
has
been
made
easier
by
hybrids-vehicles
powered
by
both
fuel
and
electricity.
Many
believe
the
same
pattern
could
be
followed
in
the
air.
Fuel
consumption
could
be
reduced
as
the
electric
component
is
switched
on
at
key
parts
of
the
journey,
especially
on
take-off
and
landing.
It's
certainly
an
exciting
time
for
electric
flying.
With
companies
like
Harbour
Air
taking
the
lead,
battery-powered
planes,
especially
on
short-haul
journeys,
are
set
to
become
a
reality
in
the
next
few
years.
1.According
to
Para.
l,
what
is
happening
in
air
transport?
A.New
explorations
of
the
sky
are
being
launched.
B.Pollution
caused
by
batteries
is
being
controlled.
C.Efforts
are
being
made
to
make
air
travel
greener.
D.Demand
for
short-haul
flights
is
increasing
massively.
2
.Why
is
Harbour
Air
fit
for
electric
flights?
A.It
runs
short
route
B.It
has
a
strong
partner.
C.Its
planes
can
land
on
the
sea.
D.It
has
planes
with
powerful
engines.
3
.The
expression
"added
bonus"
refers
to
the
fact
that
electric
planes___________.
A.give
passengers
more
pleasant
views
B.bring
airlines
more
financial
benefits
C.offer
more
enjoyable
flying
experiences
D.cost
less
in
maintenance
than
traditional
ones
4.
.What
might
be
the
biggest
challenge
of
electric
flying?
A.To
improve
the
ground
service
for
e-planes.
B.To
find
qualified
technicians
for
e-plane
industry.
C.To
calculate
the
energy
needed
to
power
e-planes.
D.To
balance
power
and
weight
of
batteries
in
e-planes.
5.
.What
could
be
done
during
the
transition
from
gas
to
electric
in
air
flight?
A.To
produce
new
electric
components.
B.To
increase
battery
consumption.
C.To
use
mixed-power
technology.
D.To
expand
the
landing
field.
6
.What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
the
prospect
of
electric
flying?
A.Short-sighted.
B.Wait-and-see.
C.Optimistic.
D.Skeptical.
（B）
Kevin,diagnosed
with
Dyslexia(读写困难症),rarely
spoke
a
word
in
class,and
if
he
did,it
would
be
a“Yes”
“No”
or
“Maybe”
in
response
to
questions.He
always
scored
badly
in
tests
and
saw
no
hope
for
the
future.That
was
until
he
met
Sarah,an
advisor
at
a
youth
center
Kidpreneur.
In
2012,Kevin
attended
a
course
called
Ready
Set
Go
in
that
center.The
course
was
for
disadvantaged
kids
in
Kingswood—a
low-income
area
in
Sydney’s
western
suburbs—and
its
goal
was
to
teach
the
kids
how
to
create
businesses
and
offer
value
to
the
neighborhood.
At
the
end
of
the
course,Sarah
took
kids
to
the
local
area.She
asked
volunteers
to
share
their
business
experiences—Kevin
immediately
put
up
his
hand.His
challenge
was
to
trade
his
hot-dog
selling
service
for
free
bread
at
a
bakery.Although
scared,Kevin
was
able
to
share
his
entrepreneur(创业)
story
with
the
shop
owner
and
asked
if
he
could
exchange
his
service
for
some
bread.Unexpectedly,the
shop
owner
told
Kevin
how
moved
he
was
by
his
story
and
handed
him
some
bread
for
free.By
the
end
of
the
afternoon,his
belief
in
himself
and
what
was
possible
was
at
an
all-time
high.
The
following
week,Kevin
sold
70
hot-dogs
in
two
hours
and
made
over
$
200.Soon
after,he
delivered
public
speeches
in
20
schools,and
was
selected
as
part
of
his
school’s
leadership
team.Now
he
heads
a
business
group
working
on
how
to
increase
potential
customer
base.
All
of
this
would
not
have
been
possible
if
Kevin
had
not
found
his
passion
and
perseverance
to
improve
himself,and
those
around
him.The
guidance
and
trust
of
his
advisor
also
helped
kindle
his
enthusiasm
to
go
after
his
goals
and
dreams
in
life.
1.What
were
the
kids
expected
to
achieve
in
the
Ready
Set
Go
course?
A.To
improve
their
test
scores.
B.To
create
a
hot-dog
business.
C.To
teach
in
low-income
areas.
D.To
be
beneficial
to
the
local
area.
2.How
did
Kevin
feel
after
visiting
the
local
bakery?
A.Scared.
B.Confident.
C.Touched.
D.Grateful.
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“kindle”
probably
mean?
A.Inspire.
B.Share.
C.Continue.
D.Express.
4.Which
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.On
the
Road
to
Recovery
B.Turning
Failure
into
Success
C.Growing
Wealthy
Through
Hard
Work
D.From
Hopeless
Youth
to
Business
Leader
（C）
In
the
mid-2000s,Waze
Mobile
co-founder
Ehud
Shabtai
received
a
cutting-edge
(尖端的)
gift
from
his
girlfriend—a
GPS.The
expensive
gift
was
supposed
to
be
helpful.But
straight
out
of
the
box,it
was
already
out
of
date.
Shabtai,a
coding
enthusiast,had
an
immediate
reaction
to
reinvent.Shabtai’s
solution?To
build
an
app.With
80
million
monthly
active
users
globally
and
nearly
400,000
superusers
who
function
much
like
Wikipedia
volunteer
editors
(editing
maps
rather
than
words),Waze
Mobile
caught
the
eye
of
Google
as
a
revolutionary
approach
to
navigation
(导航).
Acquired
by
Google
in
2013,Waze’s
value
mainly
lies
in
its
high
rate
of
user
involvement.Unlike
traditional
navigation
apps
that
simply
show
directions,Waze
asks
its
users
to
report
accidents
and
other
road
conditions
in
real
time,so
other
users
can
avoid
the
traffic
by
using
an
alternative
route.
The
goal
behind
Waze’s
approach
is
an
ambitious
one—not
to
just
avoid
traffic,but
to
end
it
altogether.Waze
is
finding
new
ways
to
put
its
loyal
and
active
user
base
to
use
to
make
that
vision
a
reality,including
a
plan
to
make
carpooling
(拼车)
cool.
To
be
sure,traffic
jams
are
troubling
people
all
over
the
world.Waze
has
been
quietly
ahead
of
the
game
for
some
time.In
2013,when
Waze
was
just
a
small
digital-mapping
business
with
limited
resources,it
had
something
Google
Maps
and
other
competitors
didn’t—richer
GPS
guidance
thanks
to
its
stream
of
live
traffic
reports
from
users.
These
users
were
the
basis
of
Shabtai’s
plan
to
solve
for
his
GPS
device’s
“silent”
hardware—he
grounded
the
app
in
software
that
could
be
perpetually
updated
by
users,anywhere
and
anytime.
Waze
Carpool
is
going
straight
to
the
heart
of
traffic
jams,trying
to
get
more
drivers
off
the
road
and
into
carpools.The
app
has
already
connected
tens
of
thousands
of
rideseekers
with
drivers
willing
to
ferry
them
along
a
shared
route,and
that
trend
could
be
the
answer
to
a
traffic-free
future.
1.What
did
Shabtai
do
when
he
found
his
girlfriend’s
gift
out
of
date?
A.He
improved
it.
B.He
took
it
apart.
C.He
put
it
away.
D.He
used
it
anyway.
2.What
sets
Waze
Mobile
apart
from
traditional
navigation
apps?
A.It
has
the
most
users.
B.It
can
indicate
directions.
C.It
reports
road
conditions
in
real
time.
D.Most
users
help
edit
its
words.
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“perpetually”
in
Paragraph
6
probably
mean?
A.Difficultly.
B.Carefully.
C.Greatly.
D.Constantly.
4.What
is
mainly
talked
about
in
the
text?
A.The
rise
of
carpooling.
B.An
advanced
navigation
app.
C.The
development
of
Google.
D.Traffic
problems
in
the
world.
参考答案：
A篇：CACDCC
B篇：DBAD
C篇：ACDB2021高考英语二轮阅读理解讲解及练习（十九）
一：知识梳理
1.
主旨题解题方法
正常解题
a：各段中心句总结——翻译+总结（正确率高）
b：中心句读不懂
c:
不会总结
总结：三出现原则：a：关键词一定出现：中心句出现最多的词
b：细节内容不能出现：不是中心句中出现的内容
c：新内容不能出现：文章中没有的内容
2：快速解题（位置+哲学）
事实和原因；相距很近，可以在同一个句子中，可以在句子前后；80%在前后两个句子内
3：出题人心理——勾引你选错
一部分单词和文章一模一样+其他（难得句式）or未提及内容
4：文章还有两段未读；还有一个题未做？
1）答案在最后一段；倒数第二段跳读。
2）最后一段一定出题；除非最后一段只有一句
（A）
Returning
to
a
book
you’ve
read
many
times
can
feel
like
drinks
with
an
old
friend.
There’s
a
welcome
familiarity
-
but
also
sometimes
a
slight
suspicion
that
time
has
changed
you
both,
and
thus
the
relationship.
But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.
The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
in
the
idea
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.
It’s
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.
But
with
reading,
it’s
all
about
the
present.
It’s
about
the
now
and
what
one
contributes
to
the
now,
because
reading
is
a
give
and
take
between
author
and
reader.
Each
has
to
pull
their
own
weight.
There
are
three
books
I
reread
annually
.The
first,
which
I
take
to
reading
every
spring
is
Emest
Hemningway’s
A
Moveable
Feast.
Published
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.
The
language
is
almost
intoxicating
(令人陶醉的)，an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time.
Another
is
Annie
Dillard’s
Holy
the
Firm,
her
poetic
1975
ramble
(随笔)
about
everything
and
nothing.
The
third
book
is
Julio
Cortazar’s
Save
Twilight:
Selected
Poems,
because
poetry.
And
because
Cortazar.
While
I
tend
to
buy
a
lot
of
books,
these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifs,
which
might
add
to
the
meaning
I
attach
to
them.
But
I
imagine
that,
while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,
rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.
The
best
books
are
the
ones
that
open
further
as
time
passes.
But
remember,
it’s
you
that
has
to
grow
and
read
and
reread
in
order
to
better
understand
your
friends.
1.Why
does
the
author
like
rereading?
A.It
evaluates
the
writer-reader
relationship.
B.It’s
a
window
to
a
whole
new
world.
C.It’s
a
substitute
for
drinking
with
a
friend.
D.It
extends
the
understanding
of
oneself.
2.What
do
we
know
about
the
book
A
Moveable
Feast?
A.It’s
a
brief
account
of
a
trip.
B.It’s
about
Hemingway’s
life
as
a
young
man.
C.It’s
a
record
of
a
historic
event.
D.It’s
about
Hemingway’s
friends
in
Paris.
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
＂currency＂
in
paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.Debt
B.Reward.
C.Allowance.
D.Face
value.
4.What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
from
the
text?
A.He
loves
poetry.
B.He’s
an
editor.
C.He’s
very
ambitious.
D.He
teaches
reading.
（B）
Many
of
us
have
reached
in
our
pockets,feeling
a
vibration(震动)
and
wrongly
believing
our
mobile
phones
have
just
rung.The
phenomenon
even
has
a
name—phantom
vibration
syndrome—and
found
it
is
surprisingly
common.
Now
scientists
believe
that
we
are
so
alert(警觉的)
for
phone
calls
and
messages
that
we
are
misinterpreting
slight
muscle
spasms
(痉挛)
as
proof
of
a
call.Robert
Rosenberger,an
assistant
professor
at
the
Georgia
Tech
Institute
of
Technology
has
studied
the
delusional
calls.He
said
sufferers
described
a
vague
tingling
feeling
which
they
thought
was
their
mobile
phone
indicating
it
had
received
a
text
message
or
a
call
while
on
“silent”.But
when
the
device
was
retrieved,there
was
no
one
on
the
other
end.
Dr.Rosenberger
said,“I
find
so
many
people
say,‘This
happens
to
me,but
I
thought
I
was
the
only
one.I
thought
I
was
odd.’”A
2010-study
by
Michael
Rothberg
and
colleagues
found
that
nearly
70
percent
of
doctors
at
a
hospital
in
Massachusetts
suffered
phantom
vibrations.A
more
recent
study
of
US
college
students
found
the
figure
was
as
high
as
90
percent.
While
the
odd
feeling
is
widespread,it
does
not
seem
to
be
considered
as
a
grave
problem.Dr.Rosenberger
said,“It’s
not
actually
a
syndrome
in
a
technical
sense.That’s
just
the
name
that’s
got
stuck
to
it.”
He
added,“Only
2
percent
of
people
consider
it
as
a
problem.”
While
widespread,the
scientific
community
has
not
yet
invested
much
effort
in
getting
to
the
bottom
of
why
we
suffer
phantom
calls.
Dr.Rosenberger
said,“People
are
guessing
it
has
something
to
do
with
nervous
energy.The
cognitive(认知的)
scientists
are
talking
about
brain
chemistry
and
cognitive
pathways
changing.But
it’s
not
like
they
have
brain
scans
to
go
on.”
He
said,“We
have
a
phone
call
in
our
pocket
all
the
time
and
it
becomes
sort
of
an
extension
of
ourselves.We
have
this
sort
of
readiness
to
experience
a
call.We
feel
something
and
we
think,OK,that
could
be
a
call.”
1.Why
do
some
people
mistake
slight
muscle
spasms
for
a
call?
A.They
all
have
a
vivid
imagination.
B.They
are
sensitive
to
calls
and
messages.
C.There
are
few
calls
and
messages
in
their
life.
D.Slight
muscle
spasms
affect
them
more
than
other
people.
2.Which
of
the
following
are
more
likely
to
have
phantom
vibration
syndrome
than
others?
A.Doctors.
B.University
professors.
C.College
students.
D.The
cognitive
scientists.
3.In
Dr.Rosenberger’s
opinion,phantom
vibration
syndrome
　　　.?
A.isn’t
a
kind
of
disease
actually
B.is
considered
a
problem
by
most
people
C.is
a
serious
problem
ignored
by
people
4.What
does
the
text
mainly
talk
about?
A.Most
people
have
phantom
vibration
syndrome.
B.How
to
keep
away
from
phantom
vibration
syndrome.
C.How
to
reduce
phantom
phone
vibrations.
D.People
care
too
much
about
phantom
phone
vibrations.
（C）
Some
parents
will
buy
any
high-tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child,
but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math-related
skills.
Psychologist
Susan
Levine,
an
expert
on
mathematics
development
in
young
children
the
University
of
Chicago,
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.
Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition(认知)
after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents’
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said.
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
of
53
child-parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
“The
children
who
played
with
puzzles
performed
better
than
those
who
did
not,
on
tasks
that
assessed
their
ability
to
rotate(旋转)and
translate
shapes,”
Levine
said
in
a
statement.
The
parents
were
asked
to
interact
with
their
children
as
they
normally
would,
and
about
half
of
children
in
the
study
played
with
puzzles
at
one
time.
Higher-income
parents
tended
to
have
children
play
with
puzzles
more
frequently,
and
both
boys
and
girls
who
played
with
puzzles
had
better
spatial
skills.
However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls,
and
the
parents
of
boys
provided
more
spatial
language
and
were
more
active
during
puzzle
play
than
parents
of
girls.
The
findings
were
published
in
the
journal
Developmental
Science.
1.In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play?
A.Building
confidence.
B.Developing
spatial
skills.
C.Learning
self-control.
D.Gaining
high-tech
knowledge.
2.What
did
Levine
take
into
consideration
when
designing
her
experiment？
A.Parents’
age.
B.Children’s
imagination.
C.Parents’
education.
D.Child-parent
relationship.
3.How
do
boy
differ
from
girls
in
puzzle
play?
A.They
play
with
puzzles
more
often.
B.They
tend
to
talk
less
during
the
game.
C.They
prefer
to
use
more
spatial
language.
D.They
are
likely
to
play
with
tougher
puzzles.
4.What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.A
mathematical
method.
B.A
scientific
study.
C.A
woman
psychologist
D.A
teaching
program.
（D）
NASA,the
U.S.space
agency,believes
there’s
a
good
chance
that
we’re
not
alone
in
the
universe.Last
fall,NASA
began
a
new
project
called
the
High
Resolution
Microwave
Survey
(HRMS).Its
aim
is
to
find
evidence
of
life
in
one
of
the
billions
of
galaxies
in
the
universe.
The
search
for
intelligent
life
on
other
planets
isn’t
new.It
began
almost
100
years
ago.That’s
when
scientists
built
a
huge
transmitter
(发射机)
to
send
radio
waves
into
space.Scientists
thought
smart
intelligent
beings
on
other
planets
might
pick
up
the
signals.
Scientists
have
also
sent
a
message
about
humans
and
our
solar
system
to
a
nearby
constellation
(星座).But
because
the
constellation
is
25,000
light
years
away,a
return
message
would
reach
the
earth
after
50,000
years!So
don’t
wait
up
for
an
answer.
So
far,no
extraterrestrial
(境外的)
beings
that
we
know
of
have
returned
our
“calls”.But
according
to
Dr.Jill
Tarter,an
HRMS
scientist,we
haven’t
exactly
had
our
ears
wide
open.“Now,however,”
says
Dr.Tarter,“we’ve
built
the
tools
we
need
to
listen
well.”
Last
October,Dr.Tarter
switched
on
the
largest
radio
receiver
in
the
world.It’s
an
enormous
metal
bowl
stretching
1,000
feet
across
a
valley
in
Puerto
Rico.Meanwhile,another
NASA
scientist
turned
on
a
huge
radio
receiver
in
California’s
Mojave
Desert.NASA
hopes
these
big
dishes
and
others
around
the
world
will
pick
up
radio
signals
from
a
new
world.
Dr.Frank
Drake
has
been
searching
for
life
in
outer
space
for
years.He
explains
the
HRMS
project
this
way—To
listen
to
your
radio,you
move
the
tuner
on
the
dial
until
the
channels
come
in
loud
and
clear.Now
imagine
radio
receivers
that
scan
our
galaxy
“listening”
to
14
million
channels
every
second.That’s
what
NASA’s
radio
receivers
in
Puerto
Rico
and
California
are
doing.
But
that’s
not
all.Powerful
computers
hooked
to
the
receivers
examine
every
signal
carefully.The
computers
try
to
match
the
signals
to
ones
that
scientists
already
recognise,such
as
human-made
signals.If
they
can’t,Drake
and
Tarter
check
on
them.“It
could
prove
there
is
radio
technology
elsewhere
in
the
universe,”
says
Dr.Tarter.“And
that
would
mean
we’re
not
alone.”
1.NASA
scientists
started
a
new
project
in
order
to
　　　.?
A.send
human
beings
into
space
B.confirm
the
number
of
galaxies
C.discover
life
in
other
galaxies
D.find
evidence
of
a
new
galaxy
2.Dr.Jill
Tarter
compares
the
new
large
receiver
to
　　　.?
A.the
universe
B.a
huge
dish
C.the
human
ear
D.a
metal
bowl
3.According
to
Dr.Frank
Drake,NASA’s
radio
receivers
in
Puerto
Rico
and
California
are
　　.?
A.moving
the
tuner
on
the
dial
for
clear
channels
B.picking
up
radio
signals
from
new
world
C.trying
to
check
on
every
channel
carefully
D.scanning
the
universe
for
possible
signals
4.The
best
title
for
this
passage
is
　　　.?
A.The
Invention
of
New
Radio
Receivers
B.NASA
listens
for
Neighbors
in
Space
C.Signals
from
Space
D.Intelligent
Life
in
Outer
Space
（E）
Milwaukee,
Wisconsin,
is
road
testing
a
new
way
to
keep
winter
roads
ice-free
–
by
spreading
on
them
cheese
brine,
the
salty
liquid
used
to
make
soft
cheese,
like
mozzarella.
Wisconsin,
also
called
"America's
Dairyland,"
is
famous
for
its
cheese.
The
state
produced
2.8
billion
pounds
of
cheese
last
year!
a
result,
there
was
a
lot
of
leftover
cheese
brine.
Disposing
of(处置)the
brine
can
be
expensive.
So
what
should
cheese
makers
do
with
the
waste?
Normally,
towns
use
rock
salt
to
de-ice
streets.
The
salt
lowers
waters'
freezing
point,
causing
ice
to
melt(融化).
But
using
cheese
brine
could
help
both
cheese
producers
and
cities
save
money,
while
keeping
roads
safe.
Cheese
brine
has
salt
in
it,
which,
like
the
rock
salt,
helps
lower
water's
freezing
point.
In
addition
to
saving
money,
cheese
brine
could
also
be
a
more
environment-friendly
option.
Many
people
suspect
that
all
the
rock
salt
used
every
winter
is
harming
the
environment.
Rock
salt
is
made
of
sodium
chloride,
the
sane
con-pound
(化合物)in
ordinary
table
salt.
Sounds
harmless,
right?
But
while
you
probably
add
only
a
small
amount
of
salt
to
your
food,
road
crews
spread
about
20
million
tons
of
salt
on
U.S.
Roads
every
year!
The
chemical
washes
off
roads
and
goes
into
the
ground.
There
it
can
pollute
drinking
water,
harm
plants.
and
eat
away
soil.
By
spreading
cheese
brine
on
streets
before
adding
a
layer
of
rock
salt,
Milwaukee
may
be
able
to
cut
its
rock
salt
use
by
30
percent.
Cheese
brine
has
a
downside
too
–
a
shell
similar
to
that
of
bad
milk.
"I
don't
really
mind
it,"
Emil
Norby
told
Modern
Farmer
magazine.
He
works
for
one
of
Wisconsin's
county
highway
commissions
and
came
up
with
the
idea
of
using
cheese
brine.
"Our
roads
smell
like
Wisconsin!"
he
said.
1.Why
can
cheese
brine
help
keep
winter
roads
ice-free?
A.It
is
soft.
B.It
contains
salt.
C.It
is
warm.
D.It
has
milk
in
it.
2.What
is
a
benefit
of
using
cheese
urine
on
roads?
A.Improving
air
quality.
B.Increasing
sales
of
rock
salt.
C.Reducing
water
pollution.
D.Saving
the
cheese
industry.
3.Milwaukee's
new
way
to
de-ice
streets
may
be
an
example
of_______________.
A.barking
up
the
wrong
tree
B.putting
the
cart
before
the
horse
C.robbing
Peter
to
pay
Paul
D.killing
two
birds
with
one
stone
参考答案：
A篇：DBBA
B篇：BCAA
C篇：BCDB
D篇：CCDB
E篇：BCD2021高考英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（十五）
（A）
Your
student
ID
card
identifies
you
as
a
student
at
the
University
of
Bolton.
It
will
provide
you
with
access
to
University
facilities
such
as
University
Libraries,
Sports
Centre,
and
Computing
Services.
Please
carry
your
card
with
you
at
all
times.
Do
not
lose
your
card
or
lend
it
to
others.
Your
card
is
valid
during
the
whole
time
of
your
studies.
It
remains
the
property（财产）of
the
University
of
Bolton
at
all
times.
New
students—photographs
You
will
be
requested
to
upload
a
passport
sized
photograph
as
part
of
the
online
registration
process.
This
should
be
a
jpg
file
with
a
size
of
no
more
than
1
MB.Your
photograph
should
be
a
portrait
image
in
proportion（比例）to
a
6"×4"
portrait
photograph.
It
should
be
taken
in
colour
and
must
not
have
been
beautified
with
image
filters（滤光镜）.
Your
student
ID
card
will
be
provided
to
you
by
your
department
during
Welcome
Week.
Please
be
aware
that
you
will
not
receive
this
smart
card
during
Welcome
Week
if
you
do
not
upload
your
image
online
by
4
September
2020.
Replacement
cards
If
your
student
ID
card
no
longer
works
or
has
been
damaged,
or
if
you
have
changed
your
personal
or
programme
details,
you
should
call
into
the
Student
Administration
Centre
（SAC）
to
request
a
new
one.
Please
ensure
that
you
bring
your
existing
card
with
you.
Your
replacement
card
will
be
produced
free
of
charge.
If
your
card
has
been
reported
to
the
Police
as
stolen,
please
also
call
into
the
SAC
to
request
a
replacement,
bringing
with
you
a
copy
of
your
Police
Crime
Report
paperwork.
Your
card
will
be
produced
free
of
charge.
If
your
card
has
been
lost,
a
fee
of
￡5
is
charged
for
the
production
of
a
replacement
card.
You
are
requested
to
use
our
online
payment
service.
Note:
Replacement
cards
will
be
available
for
you
to
collect
seven
working
days
after
making
the
request.
As
a
security
measure,
you
are
requested
to
collect
your
card
in
person
at
the
SAC.
1.Which
of
the
following
is
a
function
of
the
student
ID
card?
A.To
remind
students
to
protect
public
property.
B.To
enable
students
to
use
resources
in
the
library.
C.To
help
students
demonstrate
their
computer
skills.
D.To
provide
information
about
campus
facilities.
2.To
meet
the
requirements
of
the
photograph
on
the
student
ID
card,
a
new
student
should
upload__________.
A.an
image
saved
as
a
PDF
file.
B.a
colour
picture
of
their
passport.
C.a
photo
beautified
by
a
photographer.
D.a
portrait
photograph
of
proper
proportion.
3
.In
which
case
does
a
student
have
to
pay
for
the
replacement
of
the
student
ID
card?
A.The
theft
of
the
card
has
been
officially
proved.
B.The
card
holder
has
changed
his
or
her
major.
C.The
card
dropped
off
into
a
lake
by
accident.
D.The
card
fails
to
work
properly.
4
.To
collect
your
replacement
card,
you
should___________.
A.fetch
it
at
the
SAC
personally
B.go
through
a
security
check
first
C.call
the
police
station
in
advance
D.wait
for
seven
days
before
getting
it.
（B）
Many
people
want
to
grow
their
own
garden,but
they
simply
do
not
have
the
room.Don’t
worry.There
is
a
solution.Consider
container
gardening.
The
great
thing
about
container
gardening
is
that
you
can
use
a
variety
of
different
containers.You
simply
have
to
use
your
imagination.You
could
create
a
beautiful
garden
with
things
such
as
cement
blocks,hanging
baskets,clay
pots,or
window
boxes.There
are
so
many
options
when
it
comes
to
container
gardening;it
is
only
limited
by
your
imagination.
Of
course,you
will
want
to
take
the
following
into
consideration
when
you
are
ready
to
begin
container
gardening,in
order
for
it
to
be
successful.
First,you
should
avoid
any
containers
that
have
been
used
to
store
chemicals,as
well
as
treated
wood.This
could
lead
to
the
sudden
death
of
your
flowers
and
lead
to
the
failure
of
your
container
gardening.
With
the
container
that
you
choose,you
need
to
ensure
that
it
allows
the
water
in
it
to
drain
when
necessary.So
it
may
be
essential
for
you
to
create
holes
in
the
container
to
help
this
along.You
should
also
make
sure
the
container
is
placed
on
a
raised
surface,not
upon
the
floor,to
ensure
the
best
possible
drainage.
Ensure
that
the
container
you
choose
is
appropriate
in
size
for
the
plants
you
choose.You
need
to
prevent
the
roots
from
overgrowing
the
container.
If
you
like
fresh
veggies,you
could
consider
container
gardening
with
vegetables.This
requires
a
process
that
differs
from
that
of
flower
gardening.Talk
to
an
employee
at
a
supply
store
in
your
area.They
can
help
you
choose
the
right
containers
for
the
vegetables
you
are
wishing
to
grow.
1.Which
of
the
following
may
be
improper
material(s)
for
container
gardening?
A.Clay
pots.
B.Cement
blocks.
C.Treated
wood.
D.Window
boxes.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“drain”
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.To
flow
away.
B.To
give
off.
C.To
pour
down.
D.To
hold
back.
3.Compared
to
flower
gardening,what
do
we
know
about
vegetable
gardening?
A.It
seems
much
easier.
B.It
requires
more
time.
C.It
demands
more
water.
D.It
needs
special
containers.
4.Who
may
be
interested
in
the
text?
A.Farmers
who
are
good
at
gardening.
B.Citizens
who
enjoy
gardening.
C.Children
who
like
outdoor
activities.
D.People
who
have
a
big
yard.
（C）
For
people,
who
are
interested
in
sound,
the
field
of
sound
technology
is
definitely
making
noise.
In
the
past,
sound
engineers
worked
in
the
back
rooms
of
recording
studios,
but
many
of
today’s
sound
professionals
are
sharing
their
knowledge
and
experience
with
professionals
in
other
fields
to
create
new
products
based
on
the
phenomenon
we
call
sound.
Sound
can
be
used
as
a
weapon.
Imagine
that
a
police
officer
is
chasing
a
thief.
The
thief
tries
to
escape.
And
the
officer
can’t
let
him
get
away.
He
pulls
out
a
special
device,
points
it
at
the
suspect,
and
switches
it
on.
The
thief
drops
to
the
ground.
This
new
weapon
is
called
a
Long
Range
Acoustic
Device(LRAD,
远程定向声波发射器).
It
produces
a
deafening
sound
so
painful
that
it
temporarily
disables
a
person.
The
noise
from
the
LRAD
is
directed
like
a
ray
of
light
and
travels
only
into
the
ears
of
that
person,
but
it
is
not
deadly.
For
those
who
hunger
for
some
peace
and
quiet,
sound
can
now
create
silence.
Let’s
say
you
are
at
the
airport,
and
the
little
boy
on
the
seat
next
to
you
is
humming(哼唱)
a
short
commercial
song.
He
hums
it
over
and
over
again,
and
you
are
about
to
go
crazy.
Thanks
to
the
Silence
Machine,
a
British
invention,
you
can
get
rid
of
the
sound
without
upsetting
the
boy
or
his
parents.
One
may
wonder
how
the
Silence
Machine
works.
Well,
it
functions
by
analyzing
the
waves
of
the
incoming
sound
and
creating
a
second
set
of
outgoing
waves.
The
two
sets
of
waves
cancel
each
other
out.
Simply
turn
the
machine
or
point
it
at
the
target,
and
your
peace
and
quiet
comes
back.
Directed
sound
is
a
new
technology
that
allows
companies
to
use
sound
in
much
the
same
way
spotlights(聚光灯)
are
used
in
the
theater.
A
spotlight
lights
up
only
one
section
of
a
stage;
similarly,
“spotsound”
creates
a
circle
of
sound
in
on
targeted
area.
This
can
be
useful
for
businesses
such
as
restaurants
and
stores
because
it
offers
a
new
way
to
attract
customers.
Restaurants
can
offer
a
choice
of
music
along
with
the
various
food
choices
on
the
menu,
allowing
customers
more
control
over
the
atmosphere
in
which
they
are
dining.
Directed
sound
is
also
beginning
to
appear
in
shopping
centers
and
even
at
homes.
1.What
could
be
inferred
from
Paragraph
2
about
the
effect
of
the
LRAD?
A.It
causes
temporary
hearing
loss.
B.It
slows
down
a
running
man.
C.It
makes
it
easy
to
identify
a
suspect.
D.It
keeps
the
suspect
from
hurting
others.
2
.The
Silence
Machine
is
a
device
specially
designed
to
________.
A.silence
the
people
around
you
B.remove
the
sound
of
commercials
C.block
the
incoming
sound
waves
D.stop
unwanted
sound
from
affecting
you
3.What
feature
do
spotsounds
and
spotlights
share?
A.They
travel
in
circles.
B.They
clear
the
atmosphere.
C.They
can
be
transformed
into
energy.
D.They
can
be
directed
onto
a
specific
area.
4.Directed
sound
can
be
used
for
________.
A.creative
designs
of
restaurant
menus
B.ideal
sound
effects
on
the
theater
stage
C.different
choices
of
music
for
businesses
D.strict
control
over
any
suspicious
customer
5
.What
does
the
passage
focus
on?
A.How
professionals
invented
sound
products.
B.Inventions
in
the
field
of
sound
technology.
C.The
growing
interest
in
the
study
of
sound.
D.How
sound
engineers
work
in
their
studios.
（D）
In
the
summer
before
seventh
grade
our
family
moved
and
I
said
goodbye
to
everything
that
was
familiar.For
my
parents
it
was
a
good
thing
because
it
meant
owning
a
home
for
the
first
time.But
it
meant
that
I’d
have
to
change
schools
and
that
put
some
butterflies
in
my
stomach.?
On
the
first
day
of
school,kids
jammed
the
school
grounds.That’s
when
I
met
Barbara.We
made
a
nervous
conversation
and
soon
learned
we
were
in
the
same
class.She
was
funny
and
we
had
a
lot
in
common.But
she
was
very
critical
of
others
and
sometimes
of
me.She
made
fun
of
my
bushy
hair,my
big
glasses
and
the
clothes
I
wore.But
it
seemed
as
though
the
things
we
had
in
common
were
more
important
than
the
annoyances.
The
girls
in
the
“popular”
crowd
had
also
been
exposed
to
her
sharp
tongue.One
day,one
of
the
girls
approached
me
while
I
gathered
my
books.“We
really
like
you,”
she
said.“The
only
way
you
can
play
with
us,though,is
if
you
keep
your
distance
from
Barbara.”
Were
those
girls
only
trying
to
make
trouble
between
the
two
of
us?Would
they
watch
me
dump
(抛弃)
Barbara
and
then
dump
me
for
laughs?
From
the
corner
of
my
eye
I
found
two
of
the
other
girls
from
the
group.They
were
watching
me
and
giggling
(咯咯地笑).I
wondered
if
I
was
cool
enough
for
them.I
didn’t
want
to
make
the
choice
they
were
forcing
me
to
make.So
I
shook
my
head
and
said,“I
don’t
think
so.I
like
Barbara
and
we’re
good
friends.”
Then
I
gathered
my
books
and
ran
away.
Even
though
Barbara
still
annoyed
me
at
times,I
knew
I’d
done
the
right
thing.I’d
made
my
own
decision
about
a
girl
who
had
befriended
me
when
I
badly
needed
a
friend.When
she
moved
the
following
year
I
missed
her
friendship
terribly.But
what
I
kept
has
never
left
me—my
self-respect.
1.What
does
the
underlined
phrase
mean?
A.Got
me
to
feel
more
excited.
B.Left
me
in
a
state
of
desire.
C.Brought
me
more
expectation.
D.Made
me
have
a
nervous
feeling.
2.What
do
we
know
about
Barbara?
A.She
was
a
girl
with
a
sharp
tongue.
B.She
was
popular
with
kids
at
school.
C.She
offered
others
help
in
critical
moments.
D.She
was
very
critical
of
her
own
dress.
3.What
was
the
writer
asked
to
do
by
one
girl?
A.To
join
the
other
crowd.
B.To
end
her
friendship
with
Barbara.
C.To
invite
Barbara
to
hang
out
with
them.
D.To
pretend
to
be
cool
in
the
“popular”
crowd.
4.What
lesson
did
the
writer
learn
from
her
experience?
A.Keep
far
away
from
the
“popular”
group.
B.Avoid
making
friends
with
an
annoying
person.
C.Keep
self-respect
in
making
your
own
decisions.
D.Share
common
interest
with
your
friends.
（E）
David
Rees
runs
a
truly
distinctive
business.He
charges
customers
$15
to
sharpen
their
pencils
to
perfection,using
a
variety
of
tools.
I
know
what
you’re
thinking—is
this
a
joke?The
39-year-old
gets
asked
that
question
a
lot.To
clarify
everything,he
even
created
a
special
section
on
his
website
telling
everyone
he’s
actually
providing
a
real
service.
You
can
supply
your
own
pencil
or
you
can
have
Rees
sharpen
one
of
his
own
favorite
2B
pencils.After
that,he
mails
it
to
you
in
a
display
tube
with
the
shavings
in
a
separate
bag,and
an
authentic
certificate
which
just
happens
to
mention
the
pencil
is
so
sharp
as
to
be
a
dangerous
object.
To
achieve
the
desired
result,the
master
sharpener
uses
all
kinds
of
tools,including
general
sandpaper,pocket
knives
and
even
a
special
$450
sharpening
machine.“It
depends
on
what
the
customer
wants
to
use
his/her
pencil
for,”
he
says.That
determines
the
most
appropriate
pencil-sharpening
technique.Some
customers
buy
pencils
as
inspirational
symbols
while
others
buy
them
because
of
their
special
memories
of
classic
2B
pencils.
$15
to
have
a
pencil
sharpened
is
a
bit
expensive
though,right?You’re
not
the
only
one
that
feels
that
way,and
David’s
unique
business
has
really
angered
lots
of
people,who
talk
of
inequality
in
America,saying
it
is
so
insane
for
the
wealthy
to
pay
$15
to
sharpen
a
pencil.But
others
will
say,“This
is
just
our
urge
to
put
an
end
to
the
welfare
state
because
new
ideas
arise
along
with
the
business.”
David
admits
his
trade
is
sort
of
unusual.But
there
are
those
who
actually
value
his
service,as
is
proven
by
the
over
500
orders
he
has
gotten.
1.How
can
David
make
money
by
sharpening
pencils?
A.He
invents
new
tools
for
the
job.
B.He
promotes
his
skill
on
his
website.
C.He
saves
lots
of
time
for
other
people.
D.He
provides
quality
service
for
his
customers.
2.From
his
words,we
can
infer
that
David
Rees
　　　.?
A.knows
all
kinds
of
pencil
users
B.provides
personalized
services
C.values
ideas
behind
the
pencils
D.always
writes
in
pencil
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“insane”(in
Paragraph
5)mean?
A.Deliberate.
B.Rewarding.
C.Unreasonable.
D.Irresponsible.
4.What
seems
to
be
the
author’s
attitude
to
David
Rees’
trade?
A.It’s
a
fancy
service.
B.It
has
a
good
reputation.
C.It’s
awfully
expensive.
D.It
wastes
time
and
money.
参考答案：
A篇：BDCA
B篇：CADB
C篇：ADDCB
D篇：DABC
E篇：DBCA2021高考英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（二十四）
（A）
Some
of
the
world’s
most
famous
musicians
recently
gathered
in
Paris
and
New
Orleans
to
celebrate
the
first
annual
International
Jazz
Day.
UNESCO(
United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific
and
Cultural
Organization)
recently
set
April
30
as
a
day
to
raise
awareness
of
jazz
music,
its
significance,
and
its
potential
as
a
unifying(联合)
voice
across
cultures.
Despite
the
celebrations,
though,
in
the
U.S.
the
jazz
audience
continues
to
shrink
and
grow
older,
and
the
music
has
failed
to
connect
with
younger
generations.
It’s
Jason
Moran’s
job
to
help
change
that.
As
the
Kennedy
Center’s
artistic
adviser
for
jazz,
Moran
hopes
to
widen
the
audience
for
jazz,
make
the
music
more
accessible,
and
preserve
its
history
and
culture.
“Jazz
seems
like
it’s
not
really
a
part
of
the
American
appetite,”
Moran
tells
National
Public
Radio’s
reporter
Neal
Conan.
“What
I’m
hoping
to
accomplish
is
that
my
generation
and
younger
start
to
reconsider
and
understand
that
jazz
is
not
black
and
write
anymore.
It’s
actually
color,
and
it’s
actually
digital.”
Moran
says
one
of
the
problems
with
jazz
today
is
that
the
entertainment
aspect
of
the
music
has
been
lost.
“The
music
can’t
be
presented
today
the
way
it
was
in
1908
or
1958.
It
has
to
continue
to
move,
because
the
way
the
world
works
is
not
the
same,”
says
Moran.
Last
year,
Moran
worked
on
a
project
that
arranged
Fats
Waller’s
music
for
a
dance
party,
“Just
to
kind
of
put
it
back
in
the
mind
that
Waller
is
dance
music
as
much
as
it
is
concert
music,”
says
Moran.
“For
me,
it’s
the
recontextualization.
In
music,
where
does
the
emotion(情感)
lie?
Are
we,
as
humans,
gaining
any
insight(感悟)
on
how
to
talk
about
ourselves
and
how
something
as
abstract
as
a
Charlie
Parker
record
gets
us
into
a
dialogue
about
our
emotions
and
our
thoughts?
Sometimes
we
lose
sight
that
the
music
has
a
wider
context,”
says
Moran,
“so
I
want
to
continue
those
dialogues.
Those
are
the
things
I
want
to
foster.”
1.Why
did
UNESCO
set
April
30
as
International
Jazz
Day?
A.To
remember
the
birth
of
jazz.
B.To
protect
cultural
diversity.
C.To
encourage
people
to
study
music.
D.To
recognize
the
value
of
jazz.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.Jazz
becoming
more
accessible.
B.The
production
of
jazz
growing
faster.
C.Jazz
being
less
popular
with
the
young.
D.The
jazz
audience
becoming
larger.
3.What
can
we
infer
about
Moran’s
opinion
on
jazz?
A.It
will
disappear
gradually.
B.It
remains
black
and
white.
C.It
should
keep
up
with
the
times.
D.It
changes
every
50
years.
4
.Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Exploring
the
Future
of
Jazz.
B.The
Rise
and
Fall
of
Jazz.
C.The
Story
of
a
Jazz
Musician.
D.Celebrating
the
Jazz
Day.
（B）
Alice
Moore
is
a
teenager
entrepreneur(创业者),who
in
May
2015
set
up
her
business
AilieCandy.By
the
time
she
was
13,her
company
was
worth
millions
of
dollars
with
the
invention
of
a
super-sweet
treat
that
could
save
kids’
teeth,instead
of
destroying
them.
It
all
began
when
Moore
visited
a
bank
with
her
dad.On
the
outing,she
was
offered
a
candy
bar.However,her
dad
reminded
her
that
sugary
treats
were
bad
for
her
teeth.But
Moore
was
sick
of
missing
out
on
candies.So
she
desired
to
get
round
the
warning,“Why
can’t
I
make
a
healthy
candy
that’s
good
for
my
teeth
so
that
my
parents
can’t
say
no
to
it?”With
that
in
mind,Moore
asked
her
dad
if
she
could
start
her
own
candy
company.He
recommended
that
she
do
some
research
and
talk
to
dentists
about
what
a
healthier
candy
would
contain.
With
her
dad’s
permission,she
spent
the
next
two
years
researching
online
and
conducting
trials
to
get
a
recipe
that
was
both
tasty
and
tooth-friendly.She
also
approached
dentists
to
learn
more
about
teeth
cleaning.Consequently,she
succeeded
in
making
a
kind
of
candy
only
using
natural
sweeteners,which
can
reduce
oral
bacteria.
Moore
then
used
her
savings
to
get
her
business
off
the
ground.Afterwards,
she
and
her
father
secured
their
first
business
meeting
with
a
supermarket
owner,
who
finally
agreed
to
sell
Moore’s
product—CanCandy.
As
CanCandy’s
success
grows,so
does
Moore’s
credibility
as
a
young
entrepreneur.Moore
is
enthusiastic
about
the
candy
she
created,and
she’s
also
positive
about
what
the
future
might
bring.She
hopes
that
every
kid
can
have
a
clean
mouth
and
a
broad
smile.
Meanwhile,with
her
parents’
help,Moore
is
generally
able
to
live
a
normal
teenage
life.Although
she
founded
her
company
early
on
in
life,she
wasn’t
driven
primarily
by
profit.Moore
wants
to
use
her
unique
talent
to
help
others
find
their
smiles.She
donates
10%
of
AilieCandy’s
profits
to
Big
Smiles.With
her
talent
and
determination,it
appears
that
the
sky
could
be
the
limit
for
Alice
Moore.
1.How
did
Moore
react
to
her
dad’s
warning?
A.She
argued
with
him.
B.She
tried
to
find
a
way
out.
C.She
paid
no
attention.
D.She
chose
to
consult
dentists.
2.What
is
special
about
CanCandy?
A.It
is
beneficial
to
dental
health.
B.It
is
free
of
sweeteners.
C.It
is
sweeter
than
other
candies.
D.It
is
produced
to
a
dentists’
recipe.
3.What
does
Moore
expect
from
her
business?
A.To
earn
more
money.
B.To
help
others
find
smiles.
C.To
make
herself
stand
out.
D.To
beat
other
candy
companies.
4.What
can
we
learn
from
Alice
Moore’s
story?
A.Fame
is
a
great
thirst
of
the
young.
B.A
youth
is
to
be
regarded
with
respect.
C.Positive
thinking
and
action
result
in
success.
D.Success
means
getting
personal
desires
satisfied.
（C）
Welcome
to
your
future
life!
You
get
up
in
the
morning
and
look
into
the
mirror.
Your
face
is
firm
and
young-looking.
In
2035,
medical
technology
is
better
than
ever.
Many
people
at
your
age
could
live
to
be
150,
so
at
40,
you’re
not
old
at
all.
And
your
parents
just
had
an
anti-aging(抗衰老的)
treatment.
Now,
all
three
of
you
look
the
same
age!
You
say
to
your
shirt,
“Turn
red.”
It
changes
from
blue
to
red.
In
2035,
“smart
clothes”
contain
particles(粒子)
much
smaller
than
the
cells(细胞)
in
your
body.
The
particles
can
be
programmed
to
change
your
clothes’
color
or
pattern(样式).
You
walk
into
the
kitchen.
You
pick
up
the
milk,
but
a
voice
says,“
You
shouldn’t
drink
that!”
Your
fridge
has
read
the
chip
(芯片)
that
contains
information
about
the
milk
,
and
it
knows
the
milk
is
old
.
In
2035,
every
article
of
food
in
the
grocery
store
has
such
a
chip.
It’s
time
to
go
to
work.
In
2035,
cars
drive
themselves.
Just
tell
your
“smart
car”
where
to
go.
On
the
way,
you
can
call
a
friend
using
your
jacket
sleeve.
Such
“smart
technology”
is
all
around
you.
So
will
all
these
things
come
true?
“For
new
technology
to
succeed,”
says
scientist
Andrew
Zolli
,“it
has
to
be
so
much
better
that
it
replaces
what
we
have
already.”
The
Internet
is
one
example—what
will
be
the
next?
1.
We
can
learn
from
the
text
that
in
the
future__________.
A.people
will
never
get
old
B.everyone
will
look
the
same
C.red
will
be
the
most
popular
color
D.clothes
will
be
able
to
change
their
pattern
2.
What
can
be
inferred
from
Paragraph
4?
A.Food
in
the
grocery
store
will
carry
electronic
information.
B.More
drinks
will
be
given
for
sale.
C.Milk
in
the
grocery
store
will
stay
fresh
much
longer.
D.Milk
will
be
harmful
to
health.
3.
Which
of
the
following
is
mentioned
in
the
text?
A.Cars
will
be
able
to
drive
automatically(自动地).
B.Fridges
will
know
what
people
need.
C.Jacket
sleeves
can
be
used
as
a
guide.
D.Nothing
can
replace
the
Internet.
4.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.Food
and
clothing
in
2035
B.The
reason
for
the
success
of
new
technology.
C.Medical
treatments
of
the
future.
D.Future
technology
in
everyday
life.
（D）
I
must
have
always
known
reading
was
very
important
because
the
first
memories
I
have
as
a
child
deal
with
books.There
was
not
one
night
that
I
don’t
remember
mom
reading
me
a
storybook
by
my
bedside.I
was
extremely
inspired
by
the
elegant
way
the
words
sounded.
I
always
wanted
to
know
what
my
mom
was
reading.Hearing
mom
say,“I
can’t
believe
what’s
printed
in
the
newspaper
this
morning,”
made
me
want
to
grab
it
out
of
her
hands
and
read
it
myself.I
wanted
to
be
like
my
mom
and
know
all
of
the
things
she
knew.So
I
carried
around
a
book,and
each
night,just
to
be
like
her,I
would
pretend
to
be
reading.
This
is
how
everyone
learned
to
read.We
would
start
off
with
sentences,then
paragraphs,and
then
stories.It
seemed
an
unending
journey,but
even
as
a
six-year-old
girl
I
realized
that
knowing
how
to
read
could
open
many
doors.When
mom
said,“The
C-A-N-D-Y
is
hidden
on
the
top
shelf,”I
knew
where
the
candy
was.My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity,and
I
wanted
to
know
everything.I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
to
drive
more
slowly,so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
signs
we
passed.
Most
of
my
reading
through
primary,middle
and
high
school
was
factual
reading.I
read
for
knowledge,and
to
make
A’s
on
my
tests.Occasionally,I
would
read
a
novel
that
was
assigned,but
I
didn’t
enjoy
this
type
of
reading.I
liked
facts,things
that
are
concrete.I
thought
anything
abstract
left
too
much
room
for
argument.
Yet,now
that
I’m
growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
is
becoming
more
complex,I
find
myself
needing
a
way
to
escape.By
opening
a
novel,I
can
leave
behind
my
burdens
and
enter
into
a
wonderful
and
mysterious
world
where
I
am
now
a
new
character.In
these
worlds
I
can
become
anyone.I
don’t
have
to
write
down
what
happened
or
what
technique
the
author
was
using
when
he
or
she
wrote
this.I
just
read
to
relax.
We’re
taught
to
read
because
it’s
necessary
for
much
of
human
understanding.Reading
is
a
vital
part
of
my
life.Reading
satisfies
my
desire
to
keep
learning.And
I’ve
found
that
the
possibilities
that
lie
within
books
are
limitless.
1.Why
did
the
author
want
to
grab
the
newspaper
out
of
mom’s
hands?
A.She
wanted
mom
to
read
the
news
to
her.
B.She
was
anxious
to
know
what
had
happened.
C.She
couldn’t
wait
to
tear
the
newspaper
apart.
D.She
couldn’t
help
but
stop
mom
from
reading.
2.According
to
Paragraph
3,the
author’s
reading
of
road
signs
indicates
　　　.?
A.her
unique
way
to
locate
herself
B.her
eagerness
to
develop
her
reading
ability
C.her
effort
to
remind
mom
to
obey
traffic
rules
D.her
growing
desire
to
know
the
world
around
her
3.What
was
the
author’s
view
on
factual
reading?
A.It
would
help
her
update
test-taking
skills.
B.It
would
allow
much
room
for
free
thinking.
C.It
would
provide
true
and
objective
information.
D.It
would
help
shape
a
realistic
and
serious
attitude
to
life.
4.The
author
takes
novel
reading
as
a
way
to
　　　.?
A.explore
a
fantasy
land
B.develop
a
passion
for
learning
C.learn
about
the
adult
community
D.get
away
from
a
confusing
world
（E）
A
scientist
working
at
her
lab
bench
and
a
six-old
baby
playing
with
his
food
might
seem
to
have
little
in
common.After
all,the
scientist
is
engaged
in
serious
research
to
uncover
the
very
nature
of
the
physical
world,and
the
baby
is,well,
just
playing…right?Perhaps,but
some
developmental
psychologists
have
argued
that
this
“play”
is
more
like
a
scientific
investigation
than
one
might
think.
Take
a
closer
look
at
the
baby
playing
at
the
table.
Each
time
the
bowl
of
rice
is
pushed
over
the
table
edge,
it
falls
in
the
ground—and,
in
the
process,
it
belongs
out
important
evidence
about
how
physical
objects
interact;
bowls
of
rice
do
not
flood
in
mid-sit,
but
require
support
to
remain
stable.
It
is
likely
that
babies
are
not
born
knowing
the
basic
fact
of
the
universe;
nor
are
they
ever
clearly
taught
it.
Instead,
babies
may
form
an
understanding
of
object
support
through
repeated
experiments
and
then
build
on
this
knowledge
to
learn
even
more
about
how
objects
interact.
Though
their
ranges
and
tools
differ,
the
baby’s
investigation
and
the
scientist’s
experiment
appear
to
share
the
same
aim(to
learn
about
the
natural
world),
overall
approach
(gathering
direct
evidence
from
the
world),
and
logic
(are
my
observations
what
I
expected?).
Some
psychologists
suggest
that
young
children
learn
about
more
than
just
the
physical
world
in
this
way—that
they
investigate
human
psychology
and
the
rules
of
language
using
similar
means.
For
example,
it
may
only
be
through
repeated
experiments,
evidence
gathering,
and
finally
overturning
a
theory,
that
a
baby
will
come
to
accept
the
idea
that
other
people
can
have
different
views
and
desires
from
what
he
or
she
has.
For
example,
unlike
the
child,
Mommy
actually
doesn’t
like
Dove
chocolate.
Viewing
childhood
development
as
a
scientific
investigation
throws
on
how
children
learn,
but
it
also
offers
an
inspiring
look
at
science
and
scientists.
Why
do
young
children
and
scientists
seem
to
be
so
much
alike?
Psychologists
have
suggested
that
science
as
an
effort—the
desire
to
explore,
explain,
and
understand
our
world—is
simply
something
that
comes
from
our
babyhood.
Perhaps
evolution
provided
human
babies
with
curiosity
and
a
natural
drive
to
explain
their
worlds,
and
adult
scientists
simply
make
use
of
the
same
drive
that
served
them
as
children.
The
same
cognitive
systems
that
make
young
children
feel
good
about
figuring
something
out
may
have
been
adopted
by
adult
scientists.
As
some
psychologists
put
it,
“It
is
not
that
children
are
little
scientists
but
that
scientists
are
big
children.”
1.
According
to
some
developmental
psychologists,
________.
A.a
baby’s
play
is
nothing
more
than
a
game.
B.scientific
research
into
babies;
games
is
possible
C.the
nature
of
babies’
play
has
been
thoroughly
investigated
D.a
baby’s
play
is
somehow
similar
to
a
scientist’s
experiment
2.
We
learn
from
Paragraph
2
that
________.
A.scientists
and
babies
seem
to
observe
the
world
differently
B.scientists
and
babies
often
interact
with
each
other
C.babies
are
born
with
the
knowledge
of
object
support
D.babies
seem
to
collect
evidence
just
as
scientists
do
3.
Children
may
learn
the
rules
of
language
by
________.
A.exploring
the
physical
world
B.investigating
human
psychology
C.repeating
their
own
experiments
D.observing
their
parents’
behaviors
4.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
last
paragraph?
A.The
world
may
be
more
clearly
explained
through
children’s
play.
B.Studying
babies’
play
may
lead
to
a
better
understanding
of
science.
C.Children
may
have
greater
ability
to
figure
out
things
than
scientists.
D.One’s
drive
for
scientific
research
may
become
stronger
as
he
grows.
5.
What
is
the
author’s
tone
when
he
discusses
the
connection
between
scientists’
research
and
babies’
play?
A.Convincing.
B.Confused.
C.Confidence.
D.Cautious.
参考答案：
A篇：DCCA
B篇：BABC
C篇：DAAD
D篇：BDCD
E篇：DDCBD2021高考英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（二十一）
（A）
Most
people
aren’t
good
at
creative
problem
solving
for
two
reasons:
(1)
They
are
not
trained
in
how
to
be
creative.
(2)
They
don’t
understand
group
strength
well
enough
to
harness（驾驭）their
power
to
maximize
group
creativity.
A
key
element
of
creativity
is
applying
existing
knowledge
to
a
new
problem.
The
more
people
getting
involved
in
solving
it,
the
more
knowledge
there
is
to
work
on
it.
Unfortunately,
research
shows
that
the
traditional
brainstorming
methods
fail
to
achieve
that
goal.
When
groups
get
together
to
exchange
ideas,
they
actually
come
up
with
fewer
ideas
overall
than
if
they
each
had
worked
alone.
To
fix
this
problem,
you
should
consider
the
two
stages
of
group
problem-solving:
divergence（分散）and
convergence（集中）.
Divergence
happens
when
the
group
considers
as
many
different
potential
solutions
as
possible.
Convergence
happens
when
the
various
proposed
solutions
are
evaluated
and
reduced
to
a
smaller
set
of
candidate
solutions
to
the
current
problem.
The
essential
principle
of
group
creativity
is
that
individuals
working
alone
diverge,
whereas
group
members
working
together
converge.
In
groups,
once
a
member
states
a
potential
solution,
that
makes
others
think
about
the
problem
similarly.
That
is
why
groups
working
together
diverge
less
than
individuals
working
alone.
Therefore,
be
aware
of
when
to
diverge
and
when
to
converge.
For
example,
early
in
the
problem-solving
process,
have
group
members
work
alone
to
write
down
statements
describing
the
problem.
Then
get
them
back
to
discuss
their
descriptions.
The
group
discussion
will
lead
everyone
to
accept
one
or
a
small
number
of
these
statements
to
work
on—this
is
healthy
convergence.
When
starting
to
generate
solutions,
you
again
want
divergence.
Have
people
work
alone
to
start.
Then
collect
people’s
initial
ideas
and
send
them
around
to
others
and
allow
the
divergence
to
continue
as
everyone
individually
builds
on
the
ideas
of
other
members.
Finally,
let
the
group
discuss
the
resulting
ideas.
This
discussion
will
gradually
lead
the
group
to
converge
on
a
small
number
of
candidate
solutions.
This
simple
method
works
effectively,
because
it
respects
what
individuals
and
groups
do
best.
1
.Research
shows
that
the
traditional
brainstorming
methods
______.
A.actually
limit
group
creativity
B.greatly
encourage
group
creativity
C.enable
people
to
form
more
ideas
together
D.prevent
people’s
involvement
in
the
problems
2
.According
to
Para.
4,
when
a
member
presents
an
idea,
others
tend
to_____.
A.think
the
other
way
round
B.follow
his
way
of
thinking
C.be
more
confident
in
their
own
ideas
D.be
less
willing
to
share
their
own
ideas
3
.What
should
group
members
first
do
early
in
the
problem-solving
process?
A.Discuss
the
problem.
B.Simplify
the
problem.
C.Put
down
group
statements
together.
D.Write
down
their
individual
descriptions.
4
.How
can
each
group
member
make
changes
to
his
initial
solution?
A.By
adding
in
collected
evidence.
B.By
reorganizing
his
own
words.
C.By
drawing
on
others’
ideas.
D.By
making
his
statement
briefer.
5
.What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
passage?
A.To
advocate
a
way
to
make
group
thinking
more
effective.
B.To
demonstrate
the
difficulty
in
organizing
group
thinking.
C.To
highlight
the
differences
between
divergence
and
convergence.
D.To
show
the
advantage
of
group
thinking
over
individual
thinking.
（B）
　If
you
thought
pilots
dimmed(调暗)
the
lights
before
takeoff
to
give
you
some
shuteye,think
again.Believe
it
or
not,the
dim
lighting
could
actually
help
save
your
life
in
case
of
a
plane
emergency.
The
dimmed
lights
before
taking
off
from
the
runway
and
landing
are
a
flight
precaution
used
to
help
passengers’
eyes
adjust
more
quickly
during
an
emergency
escape.“Going
from
a
brightly-lit
environment
to
one
that’s
completely
dark
would
require
some
time
for
our
eyes
to
focus
and
see
the
escape
slide,”Alice
Theriault,service
director
for
Air
Canada
wrote
in
a
press
statement.“Since
we
need
to
have
all
the
seconds
on
our
side
in
the
event
of
an
emergency,dimming
the
lights
is
one
of
many
steps
we
take
to
ensure
the
safety
of
our
customers.”
The
phenomenon
that
your
eyes
see
those
strange
speckles
(小斑点)
as
your
sight
adjusts
to
a
dark
place
after
being
in
a
light
place
is
called
dark
adaptation.It
normally
takes
our
eyes
about
20
to
30
minutes
to
see
best
in
a
dark
room.The
brighter
the
lights,the
longer
it
takes
for
our
eyes
to
adjust,which
is
why
dimming
the
plane
lights
could
shorten
your
“dark
adaptation”
time
since
you
haven’t
been
sitting
under
fluorescent
bulbs
(荧光灯)
all
flight.
Not
only
does
dimming
lights
add
valuable
time
to
the
escape
process,it
also
reduces
the
tension
on
your
eyes
if
you
need
to
look
outside,or
see
the
emergency
lighting
along
the
passage.“It
helps
keep
you
in
the
right
direction,”
Patrick
Smith,an
airline
pilot
and
author
of
Cockpit
Confidential
told
The
Telegraph.“It
also
makes
it
easier
for
flight
attendants
to
assess
any
outside
risks,such
as
fire
or
debris,that
might
affect
an
escape.”
So
next
time
a
pilot
dims
the
lights,just
know
it’s
for
your
safety,even
though
it
creates
a
gentle
atmosphere
for
your
takeoff
into
the
sky.
1.The
lights
are
dimmed
before
takeoff
to
help
passengers
　　　.?
A.take
a
short
break
B.escape
in
time
of
emergency
C.create
a
warm
atmosphere
D.adapt
their
eyes
to
the
bright
environment
2.What
is
one
of
the
roles
of
shortening
“dark
adaptation”
time?
A.Slowing
down
the
landing.
B.Adjusting
the
plane
lights.
C.Keeping
passengers
calm.
D.Helping
the
crew
judge
outside
risks.
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“It”
in
the
last
paragraph
refer
to?
A.Dimming
lights.
B.The
escape
process.
C.Reducing
tension.
D.The
passage.
4.What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.A
tip
of
air
travel.
B.An
emergency
event
on
a
plane.
C.A
warning
message
on
a
plane.
D.An
explanation
of
an
airline
safety
measure.
（C）
If
you
were
bringing
friends
home
to
visit,
you
could
show
them
the
way.
You
know
the
landmarks—a
big
red
house
or
a
bus-stop
sign.
But
what
if
you
were
swimming
in
the
middle
of
the
Atlantic
Ocean?
Could
you
still
find
your
way
home?
A
loggerhead
turtle（海
龟）could.
According
to
Dr.
Ken
Lohmann,
loggerheads
have
a
magnetic（磁力的）sense
based
on
Earth’s
magnetic
field.
It
helps
them
locate
the
best
spots
for
finding
food
and
their
home
beaches.
Scientists
already
know
that
several
other
animals,
such
as
whales
and
honeybees,
can
detect（探测到）magnetic
fields.
The
difference
between
them
and
loggerheads,
however,
is
the
way
they
learn
to
use
their
magnetic
sense.
Young
whales
and
honeybees
can
learn
from
adults.
Loggerheads
are
abandoned
as
eggs.
As
newborn
loggerheads
have
no
adults
to
learn
from,
what
helps
them
figure
out
how
to
use
their
magnetic
sense?
Lohmann
thinks
one
of
the
cues
was
light
on
the
sea.
Baby
loggerheads
hatch
only
at
night.
However,
a
small
amount
of
light
reflects
off
the
ocean.
The
light
makes
that
region
brighter.
Heading
toward
the
light
helps
them
get
quickly
out
to
sea,
where
they
can
find
food.
Lohmann
tested
whether
newborn
loggerheads
use
this
light
source
to
set
their
magnetic
“compasses”（罗盘）.
He
and
his
team
put
some
newborns
in
a
water
tank
and
recorded
which
way
they
swam.
Around
the
tank,
the
scientists
created
a
magnetic
field
that
matched
the
Earth’s.
They
set
a
weak
light
to
the
east
of
the
magnetic
field.
Then
they
let
the
newborns
go.
At
first,
the
newborns
swam
toward
the
light.
After
the
scientists
turned
off
the
light,
the
turtles
that
had
seen
the
light
in
the
east
always
swam
toward
east.
When
the
researchers
reversed（颠倒）the
magnetic
field,
these
turtles
turned
around
and
swam
toward
the
new
“east”.
This
and
the
follow-up
experiments
all
showed
that
loggerheads
use
light
from
the
outside
world
to
set
their
magnetic
“compasses”
and
then
remember
the
“correct”
direction.
If
a
turtle
hatches
on
a
brightly-lit
beach,
that
would
damage
its
magnetic
sense
forever
and
make
survival
hard
for
the
turtle.
Lohmann’s
work
has
led
others
to
protect
the
habitat
of
this
endangered
species.
Yet
many
questions
about
these
creatures
remain
unanswered,
and
researchers
have
a
lot
to
study.
1..Loggerheads
and
whales
differ
in
the
way
they______.
A.bring
up
their
young
B.recognize
landmarks
C.detect
magnetic
fields
D.learn
to
find
directions
2.
What
is
needed
for
newborn
loggerheads
to
set
their
magnetic
sense?
A.Weak
light
reflected
off
the
ocean.
B.Help
from
adult
loggerheads.
C.Bright
sunlight
from
the
sky.
D.Food
in
warmer
waters.
3
.In
the
experiment,
after
the
newborns’
magnetic
sense
was
set,
their
moving
direction
was
determined
by
____.
A.the
light
B.the
magnetic
field
C.other
unknown
factors
D.the
light
and
the
magnetic
field
4.
What
is
the
significance
of
Lohmann’s
research
work?
A.It
enables
researchers
to
keep
track
of
turtles.
B.It
contributes
to
the
studies
of
the
magnetic
field.
C.It
offers
a
new
solution
to
environmental
pollution.
D.It
helps
protect
the
loggerheads’
living
environment.
5.What
could
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.Experiments
on
Loggerheads
B.The
Survival
of
the
Sea
Turtle
C.The
Loggerhead’s
Built-in
“Compass”
D.Comparison
of
Loggerheads
and
Other
Animals
（D）
Growing
up
in
one
of
the
poorest
communities
with
most
crimes
in
Los
Angeles,US,being
raised
by
a
poorly-educated
single
mother
and
attending
the
worst-quality
public
school,not
many
people
expected
much
of
me,so
I
chose
to
expect
something
of
myself.
On
my
12th
birthday,I
bought
a
poster
of
Harvard
University
to
hang
in
my
room.Being
at
Harvard
became
my
dream—I
saw
myself
attending
class
in
Sanders
Theater,studying
in
Widener
Library
and
eating
in
Annenberg
Hall.Driven
by
this
dream,I
kept
studying
hard.I’d
begin
my
day
by
asking
myself
these
two
questions—What
do
I
want
in
my
life?Are
the
things
I
am
doing
today
going
to
get
me
closer
to
that
life?
Asking
myself
the
questions
gave
me
the
courage
to
ask
over
50
Harvard
students
for
advice
on
my
application
essays,it
gave
me
the
energy
to
study
just
one
more
hour
on
my
SATs
when
others
were
asleep,and
it
gave
me
the
determination
to
apply
for
just
one
more
scholarship
when
already
refused
many
times.Moreover,reminding
myself
of
my
goal
each
day
made
it
easy
to
say
no
to
the
same
choices
my
friends
made,because
they
would
never
get
me
closer
to
my
goal.I
found
that
even
being
poor
could
not
take
away
my
power
to
decide
what
I
chose
to
do
with
my
life.
Every
day
I
could
feel
myself
getting
closer
and
closer
to
my
goal
as
my
writing
got
better,my
SAT
score
increased,and
my
scholarship
offers
started
coming
in.On
March
31st,2011,an
email
arrived
from
Harvard.The
first
word
was“Congratulations!”.Tears
of
joy
filled
my
eyes.Who
you
are
today
is
the
result
of
the
decisions
you
made
yesterday,and
who
you
will
be
tomorrow
will
be
the
result
of
the
choices
you
make
today.Who
do
you
want
to
be
tomorrow?
1.What
does
the
first
paragraph
mainly
tell
us?
A.It
describes
the
author’s
early
living
conditions.
B.It
proves
that
the
author
once
lived
an
unhappy
life.
C.It
shows
how
many
people
treated
the
author
badly.
D.It
shares
the
author’s
dream
with
readers.
2.What
is
the
author’s
attitude
to
the
hardship?
A.Disappointed.
B.Positive.
C.Thankful.
D.Sorrowful.
3.What
did
the
author
want
to
tell
us
most?
A.A
famous
university,a
successful
life.
B.The
earlier
you
set
yourself
a
goal,the
better.
C.What
doesn’t
kill
you
makes
you
stronger.
D.Your
choices
determine
who
you
are.
（E）
Over
a
hundred
years
ago
in
1911,something
strange
was
found
in
the
glaciers
of
Antarctica.Crilffith
Taylor—an
Australian
geologist,had
discovered
a
blood
red
stream
pouring
out
of
the
ice
cascades
(瀑布)
of
Talor
Glacier!Popularly
known
as
the
Blood
Falls,scientists
had
not
been
able
to
find
the
reason
behind
the
blood
red
liquid
flowing
through
the
ice—until
recently.The
mystery
of
the
Blood
Falls
had
finally
been
solved.
When
these
falls
were
first
discovered,scientists
had
believed
that
the
red
colour
came
from
a
large
amount
of
red
algae
(海藻)
concentrated
in
the
water.Red
algae
contain
a
pigment
(色素)
which
reflects
red
light,making
the
algae
appear
red.
This
theory
made
sense,until
it
was
later
found
that
algae
do
not
play
a
part
in
the
red
color
of
the
flowing
liquid
at
all.What
really
causes
Talor
Glacier’s
waters
appear
blood
red,is
the
presence
of
iron
oxide
in
the
liquid.The
waters
of
the
Blood
Falls
are
rich
in
salt
and
iron
content,and
when
this
water
comes
in
contact
with
the
air,it
turns
red—just
like
rust!The
water
in
these
falls
is
often
referred
to
as
“brine”
by
scientists
because
of
the
high
salt
content
in
the
water.
This
reasoning
behind
the
red
colors
of
the
falls
was
found
back
in
2003.However,the
entire
mystery
had
not
yet
been
solved.How
is
it
then,that
the
Blood
Falls
are
not
frozen?
Researchers
at
the
University
of
Colorado
and
University
of
Alaska
found
that
inside
the
glacier,there
is
a
network
of
channels
and
reservoirs
that
move
the
water
around.Salt
water
has
a
lower
freezing
temperature.In
addition,when
any
substance
undergoes
a
change
in
state,it
gives
off
heat.Therefore,the
brine
actually
warm
itself
up
while
it’s
freezing!How
this
works,is
that
when
the
brine
is
flowing
through
the
Talor
Glacier,some
of
it
does
freeze.As
a
result
of
changing
state
from
liquid
to
ice,the
brine
gives
off
heat.This
heat
is
enough
to
keep
the
rest
of
the
brine
in
liquid
form,which
is
why
it
flows
out
of
the
glacier.
Incredible
new
chemistry
facts
found,and
mystery
solved!
1.According
to
the
text,the
red
algae
theory
was
once
considered
　　　.?
A.ridiculous
B.reasonable
C.impractical
D.complex
2.Why
do
the
Blood
Falls
look
red
in
colour?
A.Because
there
is
too
much
salt
and
iron
in
the
water.
B.Because
the
liquid
is
rich
in
red
algae.
C.Because
the
flowing
liquid
reflects
red
sunlight
D.Because
the
air
is
thin
and
rare
in
Antarctica.
3.What
is
the
main
reason
for
the
Blood
Falls’
not
freezing?
A.The
water
continued
flowing
constantly.
B.There
is
too
much
salt
in
the
water.
C.The
brine
gives
off
heat
while
freezing
D.Temperatures
aren’t
high
enough
for
flowing
water.
4.What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A.The
discovery
of
the
blood
glacier.
B.The
birth
of
the
Talor
Glacier.
C.The
flowing
red
water
in
Antarctica.
D.The
mystery
of
the
Blood
Falls.
参考答案：
A篇：ABDCA
B篇：BDAD
C篇：DABDC
D篇：ABD
E篇：BACD2021高考英语二轮阅读理解解题与练习（十）
一：知识梳理
分类
a：细节题（不是其他题型，就是细节题）
b：主旨题(中心大意；中心思想main
idea/最好标题best
title/作者目的/purpose本文来自from）
c：推断题（learn
from/learn
about/infer/imply/indicate/conclude）
d：指代题（“单词”/文章划线单词/refer
to）
e：句子题（“句子”/文章划线句子）
f：例子题（mention/cite/example/作者提及；提到…，想证明…）
重点：
1：大多数句子对解题无用，所以判断句子对解题是否有用
2：先判断是否有用；有用拼命翻译；无用随便翻译
3：答案对应句子一般不超过3句话
单词不认识怎么办？
动词：郑；干；弄；搞
形容词；副词：同向：划掉。反向：翻译
名词：东西
二：习题训练
（A）
The
traffic
signals
along
Factoria
Boulevard
in
Bellevue,
Washington,
generally
don't
flash
the
same
length
of
green
twice
in
a
row,
especially
at
rush
hour.
At
9:30am,
the
full
red/yellow/green
signal
cycle
might
be
140
seconds.
By
9:33am,
a
burst
of
additional
traffic
might
push
it
to
145
seconds.
Less
traffic
at
9:37am
could
push
it
down
to
135.
Just
like
the
traffic
itself,
the
timing
of
the
signals
changes.
That
is
by
design.
Bellevue,
a
fast-growing
city
just
east
of
Seattle,
uses
a
system
that
is
gaining
popularity
around
the
US:
intersection(十字路口)
signals
that
can
adjust
in
real
time
to
traffic
conditions.
These
lights,
known
as
adaptive
signals,
have
led
to
significant
declines
in
both
the
trouble
and
cost
of
travels
between
work
and
home.
“Adaptive
signals
can
make
sure
that
the
traffic
demand
that
is
there
is
being
addressed,
”
says
Alex
Stevanovic,
a
researcher
at
Florida
Atlantic
University.
For
all
of
Bellevue’s
success,
adaptive
signals
are
not
a
cure-all
for
jammed
roadways.
Kevin
Balke,
a
research
engineer
at
the
Texas
A&M
University
Transportation
Institute,
says
that
while
smart
lights
can
be
particularly
beneficial
for
some
cities,
others
are
so
jammed
that
only
a
sharp
reduction
in
the
number
of
cars
on
the
road
will
make
a
meaningful
difference.
“It’s
not
going
to
fix
everything,
but
adaptive
signals
have
some
benefits
for
smaller
cities,”
he
says.
In
Bellevue,
the
switch
to
adaptive
signals
has
been
a
lesson
in
the
value
of
welcoming
new
approaches.
In
the
past,
there
was
often
an
automatic
reaction
to
increased
traffic:
just
widen
the
roads,
says
Mark
Poch,
the
Bellevue
Transportation
Department’s
traffic
engineering
manager.
Now
he
hopes
that
other
cities
will
consider
making
their
streets
run
smarter
instead
of
just
making
them
bigger.
1.What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.Increased
length
of
green
lights.
B.Shortened
traffic
signal
cycle.
C.Flexible
timing
of
traffic
signals.
D.Smooth
traffic
flow
on
the
road.
2.What
does
Kevin
Balke
say
about
adaptive
signals?
A.They
work
better
on
broad
roads.
B.They
should
be
used
in
other
cities.
C.They
have
greatly
reduced
traffic
on
the
road.
D.They
are
less
helpful
in
cities
seriously
jammed.
3.What
can
we
learn
from
Bellevue’s
success?
A.It
is
rewarding
to
try
new
things.
B.The
old
methods
still
work
today.
C.I
pays
to
put
theory
into
practice.
D.The
simplest
way
is
the
best
way.
（B）
The
problem
of
robocalls
has
gotten
so
bad
that
many
people
now
refuse
to
pick
up
calls
from
numbers
they
don’t
know.By
next
year,half
of
the
calls
we
receive
will
be
scams(欺诈).We
are
finally
waking
up
to
the
severity
of
the
problem
by
supporting
and
developing
a
group
of
tools,apps
and
approaches
intended
to
prevent
scammers
from
getting
through.Unfortunately,it’s
too
little,too
late.By
the
time
these
“solutions”(解决方案)become
widely
available,scammers
will
have
moved
onto
cleverer
means.In
the
near
future,it’s
not
just
going
to
be
the
number
you
see
on
your
screen
that
will
be
in
doubt.Soon
you
will
also
question
whether
the
voice
you’re
hearing
is
actually
real.
That’s
because
there
are
a
number
of
powerful
voice
manipulation(处理)
and
automation
technologies
that
are
about
to
become
widely
available
for
anyone
to
use.At
this
year’s
I/O
Conference,a
company
showed
a
new
voice
technology
able
to
produce
such
a
convincing
human-sounding
voice
that
it
was
able
to
speak
to
a
receptionist
and
book
a
reservation
without
detection.
These
developments
are
likely
to
make
our
current
problems
with
robocalls
much
worse.The
reason
that
robocalls
are
a
headache
has
less
to
do
with
amount
than
precision.A
decade
of
data
breaches(数据侵入)
of
personal
information
has
led
to
a
situation
where
scammers
can
easily
learn
your
mother’s
name,and
far
more.Armed
with
this
knowledge,they’re
able
to
carry
out
individually
targeted
campaigns
to
cheat
people.This
means,for
example,that
a
scammer
could
call
you
from
what
looks
to
be
a
familiar
number
and
talk
to
you
using
a
voice
that
sounds
exactly
like
your
bank
teller’s,tricking
you
into
“confirming”
your
address,mother’s
name,and
card
number.Scammers
follow
money,so
companies
will
be
the
worst
hit.A
lot
of
business
is
still
done
over
the
phone,and
much
of
it
is
based
on
trust
and
existing
relationships.Voice
manipulation
technologies
may
weaken
that
gradually.
We
need
to
deal
with
the
insecure
nature
of
our
telecom
networks.Phone
carriers
and
consumers
need
to
work
together
to
find
ways
of
determining
and
communicating
what
is
real.That
might
mean
either
developing
a
uniform
way
to
mark
videos
and
images,showing
when
and
who
they
were
made
by,or
abandoning
phone
calls
altogether
and
moving
towards
data-based
communications—using
apps
like
FaceTime
or
WhatsApp,which
can
be
tied
to
your
identity.
Credibility
is
hard
to
earn
but
easy
to
lose,and
the
problem
is
only
going
to
get
harder
from
here
on
out.
1.How
does
the
author
feel
about
the
solutions
to
the
problem
of
robocalls?
A.Panicked.
B.Confused.
C.Embarrassed.
D.Disappointed.
2.Taking
advantage
of
the
new
technologies,scammers
can
　　　.?
A.aim
at
victims
precisely
B.damage
databases
easily
C.start
campaigns
rapidly
D.spread
information
widely
3.What
does
the
passage
imply?
A.Honesty
is
the
best
policy.
B.Technologies
can
be
double-edged.
C.There
are
more
solutions
than
problems.
D.Credibility
holds
the
key
to
development.
4.Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.Where
the
Problem
of
Robocalls
Is
Rooted
B.Who
Is
to
Blame
for
the
Problem
of
Robocalls
C.Why
Robocalls
Are
About
to
Get
More
Dangerous
D.How
Robocalls
Are
Affecting
the
World
of
Technology
（C）
Before
the
1830s,most
newspapers
were
sold
through
annual
subscriptions
in
America,usually
$8
to
$10
a
year.Today
$8
or
$10
seems
a
small
amount
of
money,but
at
that
time
these
amounts
were
forbidding
to
most
citizens.Accordingly,newspapers
were
read
almost
only
by
rich
people
in
politics
or
the
trades.In
addition,most
newspapers
had
little
in
them
that
would
appeal
to
a
mass
audience.They
were
dull
and
visually
forbidding.But
the
revolution
that
was
taking
place
in
the
1830s
would
change
all
that.
The
trend,then,was
toward
the
“penny
paper”—a
term
referring
to
papers
made
widely
available
to
the
public.It
meant
any
inexpensive
newspaper;perhaps
more
importantly
it
meant
newspapers
that
could
be
bought
in
single
copies
on
the
street.
This
development
did
not
take
place
overnight.It
had
been
possible(but
not
easy)to
buy
single
copies
of
newspapers
before
1830,but
this
usually
meant
the
reader
had
to
go
down
to
the
printer’s
office
to
purchase
a
copy.Street
sales
were
almost
unknown.However,within
a
few
years,street
sales
of
newspapers
would
be
commonplace
in
eastern
cities.At
first
the
price
of
single
copies
was
seldom
a
penny—usually
two
or
three
cents
was
charged—and
some
of
the
older
well-known
papers
charged
five
or
six
cents.But
the
phrase
“penny
paper”
caught
the
public’s
fancy,and
soon
there
would
be
papers
that
did
indeed
sell
for
only
a
penny.
This
new
trend
of
newspapers
for
“the
man
on
the
street”
did
not
begin
well.Some
of
the
early
ventures(企业)were
immediate
failures.Publishers
already
in
business,people
who
were
owners
of
successful
papers,had
little
desire
to
change
the
tradition.It
took
a
few
youthful
and
daring
businessmen
to
get
the
ball
rolling.
1.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
newspapers
in
America
before
the
1830s?
A.Academic.
B.Unattractive.
C.Inexpensive.
D.Confidential.
2.What
did
street
sales
mean
to
newspapers?
A.They
would
be
priced
higher.
B.They
would
disappear
from
cities.
C.They
could
have
more
readers.
3.Who
were
the
newspapers
of
the
new
trend
targeted
at?
A.Local
politicians.
B.Common
people.
C.Young
publishers.
D.Rich
businessmen.
4.What
can
we
say
about
the
birth
of
the
penny
paper?
A.It
was
a
difficult
process.
B.It
was
a
temporary
success.
C.It
was
a
robbery
of
the
poor.
D.It
was
a
disaster
for
printers.
参考答案：
A篇：CDA
B篇：DABC
C篇：BCBA2021高考英语二轮阅读理解解题与练习（九）
一：知识梳理
应用文（所有省份考）
应用文：
a：带黑体字
b：带表格
c：带项目符号
解题方法：
1：读标题和小标题（不刻意翻译；提炼大写字母）
2：读题干。a：属于哪个小标题
b：本题问什么（必须翻译）扫描选项；大写字母；数字
3：在相应小标题下寻找答案（具体问题；具体分析）
4：选择答案（同义替换）
解题技巧：
1：答案是均匀分布的（4个小标题；3个题目，每个小标题对应一题；一个小标题无）（4个小标题；4个题目，一一对应）（4个小标题；5个题目，4+主旨；4+导言）
2：题文不一定同序
3：选择项与文章一模一样可以选吗？（应用文可以选；传统阅读只有单词意思；指代；观点态度一样可以选，其他不可以选）
4：主旨题怎么解：
a：各个小标题总结
b：小标题前面部分关键词
c：广告；说明书；学校通知；促销——吸引人；促销；提供信息；说明
5：读不懂怎么办？——中文定位：将选项中关键词划记，挨个代入文章，反向寻找，在相应小标题下出现一模一样或同义替换为答案
二：习题训练
（A）
A
good
book
is
indeed
the
best
friend
of
a
person.The
same
goes
for
high-profile
CEOs
of
world
recognized
companies
as
well.Let’s
have
a
look
at
the
favorite
books
of
some
of
the
world-famous
CEOs.
Apple
CEO—Tim
Cook,Competing
against
Time
by
George
Stalk
Jr.and
Thomas
M.Hout
This
book
is
based
on
10
years
of
valuable
research
done
by
the
authors.It
talks
about
how
new
concepts
of
managing
time
in
new
product
development,production
and
sales
provide
companies
with
the
advantages
to
succeed
in
this
highly
competitive
world.
Microsoft
CEO(Former)—Bill
Gates,The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
by
J.D.Salinger
A
few
themes
explored
in
the
novel
are
rebellion(叛逆),anxiety
and
confusion.It
tells
that
young
people
are
a
little
confused,but
can
be
smart
about
things
and
see
things
that
adults
don’t
really
see.Gates
said,“I
didn’t
actually
read
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
until
I
was
13,and
ever
since
then
I’ve
said
that’s
my
favorite
book.”
Oracle
CEO—Larry
Ellison,Napoleon
by
Vincent
Cronin
This
book
is
considered
by
far
the
best
biography
ever
written
on
Napoleon
Bonaparte.Ellison
said,“It’s
interesting
to
read
about
him
for
a
couple
of
reasons:to
see
what
an
ordinary
man
can
do
with
his
life
and
to
see
how
history
can
distort(歪曲)
the
truth
entirely.”
OWE
CEO—Oprah
Winfrey,To
Kill
a
Mockingbird
by
Harper
Lee
This
book
talks
about
how
a
little
girl
observes
the
people
around
her.Winfrey
said,“I
read
it
in
eighth
or
ninth
grade,and
I
was
trying
to
recommend
the
book
to
other
kids.So
it
makes
sense
to
me
that
now
I
have
a
book
club,because
I
have
been
doing
that
probably
since
I
read
this
book.”
1.What
is
the
theme
of
Competing
Against
Time?
A.How
to
increase
production.
B.How
to
improve
efficiency.
C.How
to
enrich
experience.
D.How
to
save
energy.
2.Which
book
may
be
chosen
by
parents
to
learn
about
rebellious
kids?
A.Competing
against
Time.
B.The
Catcher
in
the
Rye.
C.Napoleon.
D.To
Kill
a
Mockingbird.
3.What
can
be
inferred
from
Winfrey’s
words?
A.She
loved
reading
when
young.
B.She
read
the
book
with
other
kids.
C.The
book
has
an
influence
on
her
career.
D.The
book
is
about
a
girl’s
thoughts.
（B）
Need
a
Job
This
Summer?
The
provincial
government
and
its
partners
offer
many
programs
to
help
students
find
summer
jobs.The
deadlines
and
what
you
need
to
apply
depend
on
the
program.
Not
a
student?Go
to
the
government
website
to
learn
about
programs
and
online
tools
available
to
help
people
under
30
build
skills,find
a
job
or
start
businesses
all
year
round.
Jobs
for
Youth
If
you
are
a
teenager
living
in
certain
parts
of
the
province,you
could
be
eligible(符合条件)
for
this
program,which
provides
eight
weeks
of
paid
employment
along
with
training.
Who
is
eligible:Youth
15-18
years
old
in
select
communities(社区).
Summer
Company
Summer
Company
provides
students
with
hands-on
business
training
and
awards
of
up
to
$3,000
to
start
and
run
their
own
summer
businesses.
Who
is
eligible:Students
aged
15-29,returning
to
school
in
the
fall.
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program
You
could
apply
to
be
a
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
and
work
on
local
natural
resource
management
projects
for
eight
weeks
this
summer.
Who
is
eligible:
Students
aged
16
or
17
at
time
of
hire,but
not
turning
18
before
December
31
this
year.
Summer
Employment
Opportunities(机会)
Through
the
Summer
Employment
Opportunities
program,students
are
hired
each
year
in
a
variety
of
summer
positions
across
the
Provincial
Public
Service,its
related
agencies
and
community
groups.
Who
is
eligible:Students
aged
15
or
older.Some
positions
require
students
to
be
15
to
24
or
up
to
29
for
persons
with
a
disability.
1.What
is
special
about
Summer
Company?　　　　　　　
A.It
requires
no
training
before
employment.
B.It
provides
awards
for
running
new
businesses.
C.It
allows
one
to
work
in
the
natural
environment.
D.It
offers
more
summer
job
opportunities.
2.What
is
the
age
range
required
by
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program?
A.15-18.
B.15-24.
C.15-29.
D.16-17.
3.Which
program
favors
the
disabled?
A.Jobs
for
Youth.
B.Summer
Company.
C.Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program.
D.Summer
Employment
Opportunities.
（C）
My
First
Marathon(马拉松)
A
month
before
my
first
marathon,one
of
my
ankles
was
injured
and
this
meant
not
running
for
two
weeks,leaving
me
only
two
weeks
to
train.Yet,I
was
determined
to
go
ahead.
I
remember
back
to
my
7th
year
in
school.In
my
first
P.E.class,the
teacher
required
us
to
run
laps
and
then
hit
a
softball.I
didn’t
do
either
well.He
later
informed
me
that
I
was
“not
athletic”.
The
idea
that
I
was
“not
athletic”
stuck
with
me
for
years.When
I
started
running
in
my
30s,I
realized
running
was
a
battle
against
myself,not
about
competition
or
whether
or
not
I
was
athletic.It
was
all
about
the
battle
against
my
own
body
and
mind.A
test
of
wills!
The
night
before
my
marathon,I
dreamt
that
I
couldn’t
even
find
the
finish
line.I
woke
up
sweating
and
nervous,but
ready
to
prove
something
to
myself.
Shortly
after
crossing
the
start
line,my
shoe
laces(鞋带)
became
untied.So
I
stopped
to
readjust.Not
the
start
I
wanted!
At
mile
3,I
passed
a
sign:“GO
FOR
IT,RUNNERS!”
By
mile
17,I
became
out
of
breath
and
the
once
injured
ankle
hurt
badly.Despite
the
pain,I
stayed
the
course
walking
a
bit
and
then
running
again.
By
mile
21,I
was
starving!
As
I
approached
mile
23,I
could
see
my
wife
waving
a
sign.She
is
my
biggest
fan.She
never
minded
the
alarm
clock
sounding
at
4
a.m.or
questioned
my
expenses
on
running.
I
was
one
of
the
final
runners
to
finish.But
I
finished!And
I
got
a
medal.In
fact,I
got
the
same
medal
as
the
one
that
the
guy
who
came
in
first
place
had.
Determined
to
be
myself,move
forward,free
of
shame
and
worldly
labels(世俗标签),I
can
now
call
myself
a
“marathon
winner”.
1.A
month
before
the
marathon,the
author
　　　.?
A.was
well
trained
B.felt
scared
C.made
up
his
mind
to
run
D.lost
hope
2.Why
did
the
author
mention
the
P.E.class
in
his
7th
year?
A.To
acknowledge
the
support
of
his
teacher.
B.To
amuse
the
readers
with
a
funny
story.
C.To
show
he
was
not
talented
in
sports.
D.To
share
a
precious
memory.
3.How
was
the
author’s
first
marathon?
A.He
made
it.
B.He
quit
halfway.
C.He
got
the
first
prize.
D.He
walked
to
the
end.
4.What
does
the
story
mainly
tell
us?
A.A
man
owes
his
success
to
his
family
support.
B.A
winner
is
one
with
a
great
effort
of
will.
C.Failure
is
the
mother
of
success.
D.One
is
never
too
old
to
learn.
参考答案：
A篇：BBC
B篇：BDD
C篇：AACB2021高考英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（十八）
（A）
The
connection
between
people
and
plants
has
long
been
the
subject
of
scientific
research.
Recent
studies
have
found
positive
effects.
A
study
conducted
in
Youngstown，Ohio，for
example,
discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.
In
another，employees
were
shown
to
be
15%
more
productive
when
their
workplaces
were
decorated
with
houseplants.
The
engineers
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology(MIT)have
taken
it
a
step
further
changing
the
actual
composition
of
plants
in
order
to
get
them
to
perform
diverse，even
unusual
functions.
These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed
onto
their
leaves
to
show
when
they’re
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.
＂We’re
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to
replace
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day,＂explained
Michael
Strano,
a
professor
of
chemical
engineering
at
MIT.
One
of
his
latest
projects
has
been
to
make
plants
glow(发光)in
experiments
using
some
common
vegetables.
Strano’s
team
found
that
they
could
create
a
faint
light
for
three-and-a-half
hours.
The
light，about
one-thousandth
of
the
amount
needed
to
read
by，is
just
a
start.
The
technology,
Strano
said,
could
one
day
be
used
to
light
the
rooms
or
even
to
turn
trees
into
self-powered
street
lamps.
In
the
future，the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology
that
can
be
sprayed
onto
plant
leaves
in
a
one-off
treatment
that
would
last
the
plant’s
lifetime.
The
engineers
are
also
trying
to
develop
an
on
and
off＂switch＂where
the
glow
would
fade
when
exposed
to
daylight.
Lighting
accounts
for
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
Since
lighting
is
often
far
removed
from
the
power
source(电源)-such
as
the
distance
from
a
power
plant
to
street
lamps
on
a
remote
highway-a
lot
of
energy
is
lost
during
transmission(传输).Glowing
plants
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.
1
.What
is
the
first
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.A
new
study
of
different
plants.
B.A
big
fall
in
crime
rates.
C.Employees
from
various
workplaces.
D.Benefits
from
green
plants.
2
.What
is
the
function
of
the
sensors
printed
on
plant
leaves
by
MIT
engineer?
A.To
detect
plants’
lack
of
water
B.To
change
compositions
of
plants
C.To
make
the
life
of
plants
longer.
D.To
test
chemicals
in
plants.
3
.What
can
we
expect
of
the
glowing
plants
in
the
future?
A.They
will
speed
up
energy
production.
B.They
may
transmit
electricity
to
the
home.
C.They
might
help
reduce
energy
consumption.
D.They
could
take
the
place
of
power
plants.
4
.Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Can
we
grow
more
glowing
plants?
B.How
do
we
live
with
glowing
plants?
C.Could
glowing
plants
replace
lamps?
D.How
are
glowing
plants
made
pollution-free?
（B）
You
try
to
keep
your
eyes
wide
open
while
watching
a
basketball
match
or
a
wonderful
firework
show
in
case
you
might
miss
something
exciting
in
just
the
blink
of
an
eye.But
in
fact,humans
blink
about
15
times
per
minute
on
average.Have
you
ever
missed
anything
because
you
blinked?
Probably
not.Why
is
that?
According
to
a
new
study
published
in
the
journal
Current
Biology
in
September,our
brain
has
the
ability
to
skip
the
temporary
darkness
when
we
blink.It
can
keep
visual
information
for
a
short
period
of
time
and
then
put
it
together
to
form
an
image
without
interruption.
In
order
to
understand
how
this
works,a
group
of
scientists
at
the
German
Primate
Center
and
the
University
Medical
Center
G?ttingen
in
Germany
conducted
an
experiment.In
the
study,the
participants
were
asked
to
look
at
patterns
on
a
screen
whose
direction
could
be
interpreted
in
different
ways,such
as
horizontally(水平地)
or
vertically(垂直地).When
one
pattern
was
about
to
disappear
and
the
next
one
was
about
to
come,the
participants
had
to
indicate
the
direction
that
the
next
pattern
would
appear.
The
researchers
found
that
when
the
directions
of
two
patterns
didn’t
match,the
area
in
our
brain
which
is
responsible
for
visual
memory
was
activated.This
same
area
showed
less
activity
when
two
patterns
were
in
the
same
direction.
“The
medial
prefrontal
cortex(额叶皮层)
adjusts
current
visual
information
with
previously
obtained
information,and
thus
enables
us
to
perceive
the
world
with
more
stability,even
when
we
briefly
close
our
eyes
to
blink,”Caspar
Schwiedrzik
explained
in
Science
Daily.He
is
the
first
author
of
the
study
and
also
a
scientist
at
the
German
Primate
Center.
1.We
don’t
miss
anything
when
blinking
because
our
brain
can　　　.?
A.deal
with
the
missing
image
B.remember
all
that
we
see
C.imagine
what
our
eyes
miss
D.put
our
pieces
of
memory
together
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“it”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.Our
brain.
B.Visual
information.
C.Current
Biology.
D.The
temporary
darkness.
3.What
do
we
know
about
the
experiment?
A.The
two
patterns
appear
at
the
same
time.
B.Visual
memory
can
be
more
activated
by
similarity.
C.Participants
can
interpret
patterns
differently.
D.The
different
directions
activated
visual
memory.
4.What
would
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.The
Brain’s
Structure
B.The
Brain’s
Activated
Patterns
C.The
Brain’s
Special
Skill
D.The
Brain’s
Orientation
（C）
Race
walking
shares
many
fitness
benefits
with
running,
research
shows,
while
most
likely
contributing
to
fewer
injuries.
It
does,
however,
have
its
own
problem.
Race
walkers
are
conditioned
athletes.
The
longest
track
and
field
event
at
the
Summer
Olympics
is
the
50-kilometer
race
walk,
which
is
about
five
miles
longer
than
the
marathon.
But
the
sport’s
rules
require
that
a
race
walker’s
knees
stay
straight
through
most
of
the
leg
swing
and
one
foot
remain
in
contact
(接触)
with
the
ground
at
all
times.
It’s
this
strange
form
that
makes
race
walking
such
an
attractive
activity,
however,
says
Jaclyn
Norberg,
an
assistant
professor
of
exercise
science
at
Salem
State
University
in
Salem,
Mass.
Like
running,
race
walking
is
physically
demanding,
she
says,
According
to
most
calculations,
race
walkers
moving
at
a
pace
of
six
miles
per
hour
would
burn
about
800
calories(卡路里)
per
hour,
which
is
approximately
twice
as
many
as
they
would
burn
walking,
although
fewer
than
running,
which
would
probably
burn
about
1,000
or
more
calories
per
hour.
However,
race
walking
does
not
pound
the
body
as
much
as
running
does,
Dr.
Norberg
says.
According
to
her
research,
runners
hit
the
ground
with
as
much
as
four
times
their
body
weight
per
step,
while
race
walkers,
who
do
not
leave
the
ground,
create
only
about
1.4
times
their
body
weight
with
each
step.
As
a
result,
she
says,
some
of
the
injuries
associated
with
running,
such
as
runner’s
knee,
are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.
But
the
sport’s
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
on
the
ankles
and
hips,
so
people
with
a
history
of
such
injuries
might
want
to
be
cautious
in
adopting
the
sport.
In
fact,
anyone
wishing
to
try
race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
experienced
racer
to
learn
proper
technique,
she
says.
It
takes
some
practice.
1
.Why
are
race
walkers
conditioned
athletes?
A.They
must
run
long
distances.
B.They
are
qualified
for
the
marathon.
C.They
have
to
follow
special
rules.
D.They
are
good
at
swinging
their
legs.
2
.What
advantage
does
race
walking
have
over
running?
A.It’s
more
popular
at
the
Olympics.
B.It’s
less
challenging
physically.
C.It’s
more
effective
in
body
building.
D.It’s
less
likely
to
cause
knee
injuries.
3
.What
is
Dr.
Norberg’s
suggestion
for
someone
trying
race
walking?
A.Getting
experts’
opinions.
B.Having
a
medical
checkup.
C.Hiring
an
experienced
coach.
D.Doing
regular
exercises.
4
.Which
word
best
describes
the
author’s
attitude
to
race
walking?
A.Skeptical.
B.Objective.
C.Tolerant.
D.Conservative.
（D）
We
can
have
video
chat
with
astronauts
aboard
the
International
Space
Station
and
watch
live
footage
from
the
frozen
heights
of
a
mountain.But
communicating
with
a
submarine(潜艇)
or
a
diver
is
not
so
easy.The
lack
of
practical
methods
for
sharing
data
between
underwater
airborne(空气传播的)
devices
has
long
been
a
frustration
for
scientists.The
difficulty
stems
from
the
fact
that
radio
signals
work
perfectly
in
air
travel
but
poorly
in
water.Sonar
signals
used
by
underwater
sensors
reflect
off
the
surface
of
water
rather
than
reaching
the
air.
Now,researchers
at
MIT
have
developed
a
method
with
the
potential
to
revolutionize
underwater
communication.“What
we’ve
shown
is
that
it’s
actually
feasible
to
communicate
from
underwater
to
the
air,”says
Fadel
Adib,a
professor
at
MIT’s
Media
Lab,who
led
the
research.
The
MIT
researchers
designed
a
system
that
uses
an
underwater
machine
to
send
sonar
signals
to
the
surface,making
vibrations(震动)
corresponding
to
the
1s
and
0s
of
the
data.A
surface
receiver
then
reads
and
decodes
these
tiny
vibrations.The
researchers
call
the
system
TARF.It
has
any
number
of
potential
real-world
uses,Adib
says.It
could
be
used
to
find
downed
planes
underwater
by
reading
signals
from
sonar
devices
in
a
plane’s
black
box
and
it
could
allow
submarines
to
communicate
with
the
surface.
Right
now
the
technology
is
low-resolution.The
initial
study
was
conducted
in
the
MIT
swimming
pool
at
maximum
depths
of
around
11
or
12
feet.The
next
steps
for
the
researchers
are
to
see
if
TARF
is
workable
at
much
greater
depths
and
under
varying
conditions—high
waves,storms,schools
of
fish.They
also
want
to
see
if
they
can
make
the
technology
work
in
the
other
direction—air
to
water.If
the
technology
proves
successful
in
real-world
conditions,expect“texting
while
diving”to
be
the
latest
underwater
fashion.
1.What
does
the
author
mainly
talk
about
in
Paragraph
1?
A.The
future
of
video
chat
underwater
and
in
air.
B.The
frustrations
of
developing
underwater
devices.
C.The
difficulty
of
communication
from
water
to
air.
D.The
current
situation
of
communicating
with
a
submarine.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“feasible”
mean?
A.Achievable
B.Convenient.
C.Changeable
D.Alternative.
3.What
do
we
know
about
TARF?
A.It
is
widely
used
to
find
downed
planes.
B.It
can
work
well
at
great
depths
underwater.
C.It
is
an
underwater
machine
that
sends
signals.
D.It
can
send,receive
and
read
signals
from
underwater.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.The
Real-world
Uses
of
Sonar
Technology
B.Full
Water-to-air
Communication
Closer
to
Reality
C.A
Breakthrough
in
the
Application
of
Video
Chat
D.TARF
Becoming
a
New
Means
of
Communication
（E）
About
a
month
after
I
joined
Facebook,I
got
a
call
from
Lori
Goler,a
highly
regarded
senior
director
of
marketing
at
eBay.She
made
it
clear
that
this
was
a
business
call.“I
want
to
apply
to
work
with
you
at
Facebook,”
she
said.“Instead
of
recommending
myself,I
want
to
ask
you—What
is
your
biggest
problem,and
can
I
help
to
solve
it?”
My
jaw
hit
the
floor.I
had
hired
thousands
of
people
over
the
previous
decade
and
no
one
had
ever
said
anything
remotely
like
that.People
usually
focus
on
finding
the
right
role
for
themselves,with
the
implication
that
their
skills
will
help
the
company.Lori
put
Facebook’s
needs
front
and
center.It
was
a
killer
approach.I
responded,“Recruiting
is
my
biggest
problem.And,yes,you
can
solve
it.”
Lori
never
thought
she
would
work
in
recruiting,but
she
jumped
in.Lori
did
a
great
job
running
recruiting
and
within
months
was
promoted
to
her
current
job,leading
people
at
Facebook.
The
most
common
metaphor
for
careers
is
a
ladder,but
this
concept
no
longer
applies
to
most
workers.As
of
2010,the
average
American
had
eleven
jobs
from
the
ages
of
eighteen
to
forty-six
alone.Lori
often
quotes
Pattie
Sellers,who
came
up
with
a
much
better
metaphor—Careers
are
a
jungle
gym,not
a
ladder.
As
Lori
describes
it,there’s
only
one
way
to
get
to
the
top
of
a
ladder,but
there
are
many
ways
to
get
to
the
top
of
a
jungle
gym.The
jungle
gym
model
benefits
everyone,but
especially
women
who
might
be
starting
careers,switching
careers,getting
blocked
by
external
barriers,or
reentering
the
workforce
after
taking
time
off.The
ability
to
create
a
unique
path
with
occasional
dips,detours
(弯路),and
even
dead
ends
presents
great
views
of
many
people,not
just
those
at
the
top.On
a
ladder,most
climbers
are
stuck
staring
at
the
butt
of
the
person
above.
1.Why
did
Lori
make
the
call?
A.She
helped
Facebook
to
solve
the
biggest
problem.
B.She
wanted
to
make
a
business
deal
with
Facebook.
C.She
tried
to
ask
for
a
pay
rise
at
Facebook.
D.She
wanted
to
become
an
employee
at
Facebook.
2.What
impressed
me
by
Lori?
A.Lori
was
good
at
running
recruiting.
B.Lori
attached
great
importance
to
Facebook’s
needs.
C.Lori
jumped
in
Facebook
with
no
adequate
experience.
D.Lori
was
skilled
in
marketing
at
eBay.
3.What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage?
A.Now
all
people
don’t
tend
to
climb
the
ladder.
B.None
on
the
ladder
can
enjoy
the
great
views.
C.Jungle
gyms
offer
limited
exploration
for
employees.
D.A
pregnant
woman,jobless,benefits
little
from
the
jungle
gyms.
4.What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.It’s
a
Jungle
Gym,Not
a
Ladder
B.Facebook’s
Biggest
Problem
C.Applying
for
a
Job
in
Facebook
D.A
Jungle
Gym
is
Better
than
a
Ladder
参考答案：
A篇：DACC
B篇：ABDC
C篇：CDAB
D篇：CADB
E篇：DBAA