外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 教师用书含习题测试（7份打包）

Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Section
Ⅱ　Using
language
1.With
life
being
made
up
of
ups
and
downs,
it
is
not
always
easy
to
maintain
a
good
and
enthusiastic
attitude.(教材P18)生活充满了起起落落,要保持积极向上的态度并不总是那么容易的。
语言点1
enthusiastic
adj.热心的,热衷的
情境探究
①(2019北京卷)Moore
is
enthusiastic
about
the
candy
she
created,
and
she's
also
positive
about
what
the
future
might
bring.
摩尔对她创造的糖果充满热情,她也对未来可能发生的事情充满信心。
②(2019天津卷)With
high
motivation
and
enthusiasm,
we
can
keep
on
learning.
有了很高的动力和热情,我们可以继续学习。
③The
company
was
started
ten
years
ago
by
two
young
computer
enthusiasts.这家公司是十年前由两个年轻的计算机爱好者创办的。
归纳拓展
(1)be
enthusiastic
about
热衷于……,对……充满热情
(2)enthusiasm
n.热情;热心;热忱
show
enthusiasm
for
表现出对……的热情
(3)enthusiast
n.热衷于……的人;热心者,爱好者
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①One
of
the
good
things
about
teaching
young
children
is
their
enthusiasm
(enthusiastic).
②She
was
even
less
enthusiastic
about
going
to
Spain.
③I
slowly
realise
that
I
have
become
a
Microsoft
enthusiast
(enthusiastic).
(2)单句写作
④我相信它会吸引你的,因为你一直对体育很有热情。
I'm
sure
it
will
appeal
to
you,
for
you've
been
enthusiastic
about
sports.?
⑤雇主们对新规定没有表现出多大热情。
Employers
showed
little
enthusiasm
for
the
new
regulations.?
2.Why
are
you
so
upset?
(教材P19)你为什么如此心烦意乱?
语言点2
upset
adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的
情境探究
①Don't
get
upset
about
the
dress—there's
only
a
little
stain
on
it.
别为那件衣服感到心烦——上面只有一点污渍。
②She
was
upset
that
her
husband
had
not
come
back.
她因丈夫没有回家而心烦意乱。
③(2019天津卷)Uncontrolled
human
activities
greatly
upset
ecosystems.
不受控制的人类活动极大地破坏了生态系统。
④Childhood
illness
can
be
upsetting
for
children
and
parents
alike.
童年的疾病能使孩子和父母同样苦恼。
归纳拓展
(1)
对(做)……感到不安/难
过/心烦
be
upset
to
do对做……感到不安/心烦
(2)upset
v.使心烦意乱,使生气;打乱,搅乱;打翻,碰倒
(3)upsetting
adj.令人不快(或忧虑/苦恼)的
词汇助记
Several
flies
kept
upsetting
Xiaoli
when
she
was
doing
her
homework.
She
was
so
upset
that
she
upset
the
cup
on
the
desk.
小丽做作业的时候,几只苍蝇一直打扰她。她心烦意乱,结果打翻了桌子上的杯子。
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①He
arrived
an
hour
late
and
upset
all
our
arrangements.打乱
②Don't
upset
yourself
about
it—let's
just
forget
the
terrible
thing.
使心烦意乱
③She
stood
up
suddenly
and
upset
a
glass
of
wine.
碰倒
(2)单句填空
④They're
all
still
very
upset
about/over
losing
the
important
match.
⑤He
had
never
talked
to
his
friends
about
Tom's
worst
memory,
so
he
chose
to
hide
a
few
upsetting
(upset)
things.
⑥He
was
upset
to
learn
(learn)
that
his
suggestion
was
not
discussed
at
the
meeting.?
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.His
letter
informed
(告知)
us
how
and
when
he
expected
to
arrive.
2.The
long
trip
tested
their
courage
and
endurance(忍耐力)
to
the
limit.
3.It
might
be
worthwhile(值得做的)
to
recall
a
few
important
facts.
4.I
couldn't
buy
a
bigger
blanket(毯子)
because
the
supermarket
was
closed
at
that
time.
5.Beavers(河狸)
cut
down
trees
with
their
teeth
and
build
walls
across
streams.
6.Wash
the
cucumber(黄瓜)
with
cold
water,
and
drain(沥干)
on
paper
towels.
7.You
don't
sound
very
enthusiastic(热心的)
about
the
idea.
8.Stone
decided
to
hold
a
contest(比赛)
to
see
who
could
write
the
best
song.
9.She
feels
upset(烦恼的)
that
we
didn't
tell
her
the
truth.
10.The
group
elected(选举)
one
of
its
members
to
be
their
spokesperson.
Ⅱ.语境选词
due
to,
ups
and
downs,
have
a
positive
effect
on,
feel
low,
come
across,
compete
against,
run
for,
contribute
to
1.Several
factors
might
contribute
to
the
development
of
the
disease.
?
2.The
way
ahead
is
full
of
ups
and
downs,but
that
doesn't
worry
us.?
3.More
people
than
ever
before
are
running
for
the
city
council.?
4.At
the
edge
of
the
desert,
he
came
across
a
deserted
church.
?
5.The
team's
success
was
largely
due
to
her
efforts.?
6.We
must
admit
that
enough
sleep
will
have
a
positive
effect
on
our
health.
?
7.It's
difficult
for
a
small
supermarket
to
compete
against
the
big
supermarkets.?
8.If
you
feel
low,
just
try
smiling
at
others.?
Ⅲ.语法专练
They
say
that
first
impressions
are
very
important.
My
first
impression
of
Mrs.
Li
was
that
she
was
nervous
and
shy.
But
now,
after
two
weeks,
the
class
really
likes
1.working
(work)
with
her.
She
avoids
2.making
(make)
you
feel
stupid!
I've
always
hated
3.making
(make)
mistakes
or
pronouncing
a
word
incorrectly
when
I
speak
English,
but
Mrs.
Li
just
smiles,
so
that
I
don't
feel
completely
stupid!
Mrs.
Chen
is
almost
sixty
and
she's
very
strict—we
don't
dare
4.to
say
(say)
a
word
unless
she
asks
us
to.
She's
also
very
serious
and
doesn't
smile
much.
When
she
asks
you
5.to
do
(do)
something,
you
do
it
immediately!
There
are
a
few
students
in
our
class
who
keep
6.coming
(come)
to
class
late
but
they're
always
on
time
for
Mrs.
Chen's
lessons!
Most
of
us
really
appreciate
her
because
her
teaching
is
so
well
organised
and
clear.
And
a
few
students
even
admit
7.liking
(like)
her!
During
scientific
experiments,
she
explains
exactly
what
is
happening
and
as
a
result
my
work
is
improving.
?
Mr.
Wu's
only
been
teaching
us
for
two
weeks
and
he's
already
very
popular.
I
think
this
is
because
he
really
enjoys
8.teaching
(teach)
Chinese
literature—he
loves
it,
in
fact!
He's
full
of
energy.
He
talks
loudly
and
fast,
and
waves
his
hands
a
lot
when
he
gets
excited.
I
respect
him
a
lot.
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.You
don't
sound
very
enthusiastic
about
the
idea
put
forward
by
the
manager.
2.KFC
is
sponsoring(赞助)
a
series
of
gymnastics
contests
(contest)
for
schools
in
big
cities.
3.The
kid
finds
it
very
stressful
and
upsetting
(upset).
4.Every
nation
should
have
a
right
to
elect
(elect)
their
own
government.?
5.He
hides
his
new
job
from
his
friends
and
family
at
first,
but
over
time,
he
learns
to
appreciate
(appreciate)
his
role.
?
6.He
admitted
having
taken
(take)
the
money
but
promised
never
to
do
it
again.
7.As
the
old
Chinese
proverb
goes,
even
a
journey
of
1,000
miles
begins
with
a
single
step.
8.They
have
failed
to
come
(come)
up
with
any
practical
solutions.?
9.The
measures
could
also
have
a
positive
effect
on
global
warming.
10.They
arrived
late
due
to
a
motorway
hold-up.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.阅读科普类书籍是值得的。(It's
worthwhile
to
do/doing)
It's
worthwhile
to
read/reading
books
on
popular
science.
?
2.我很抱歉地通知你,我们无法向你提供这份工作。(regret
to
inform)
I
regret
to
inform
you
that
we
are
unable
to
offer
you
the
job.?
3.汽车由许多零部件组成。(be
made
up
of)
A
car
is
made
up
of
many
different
parts.?
4.明年谁将竞选总统?(run
for)
Who
will
run
for
president
next
year??
5.我正在去上学的路上,这时我偶然遇到了我的一位朋友。(come
across)
I
was
on
my
way
to
school
when
I
came
across
a
friend
of
mine.?
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(2020辽宁六校协作体期中考试)
If
you
thought
pilots
dimmed(调暗)the
lights
before
take-off
to
give
you
some
shut-eye,
think
again.
Believe
it
or
not,
the
dim
lighting
could
actually
help
save
your
life
in
case
of
a
plane
emergency.
The
dimmed
lights
before
taking
off
the
runway
and
landing
are
a
flight
precaution
used
to
help
passengers'
eyes
adjust
quicker
during
an
emergency
escape.
“Going
from
a
brightly
lit
environment
to
one
that's
completely
dark
would
require
some
time
for
our
eyes
to
focus
and
see
the
escape
slide,”
Alice
Theriault,
service
director
for
Air
Canada
wrote
in
a
press
statement.
“Since
we
need
to
have
all
the
seconds
on
our
side
in
the
event
of
an
emergency,
dimming
the
lights
is
one
of
many
steps
we
take
to
ensure
the
safety
of
our
customers.”
The
phenomenon
that
your
eyes
see
those
strange
speckles(斑点)
as
your
sight
adjusts
to
a
dark
place
after
being
in
a
light
place
is
called
dark
adaptation.
It
normally
takes
our
eyes
about
20
to
30
seconds
to
see
best
in
a
dark
room.
The
brighter
the
lights,
the
longer
it
takes
for
our
eyes
to
adjust,
which
is
why
dimming
the
plane
lights
could
shorten
your
“dark
adaptation”
time
since
you
haven't
been
sitting
under
fluorescent
bulbs
(荧光灯)
all
flight.
Not
only
does
dimming
lights
add
valuable
time
to
the
escape
process,
but
it
reduces
the
tension
on
your
eyes
if
you
need
to
look
outside,
or
see
the
emergency
lighting
along
the
passage.
“It
helps
keep
you
in
the
right
direction.”
Patrick
Smith,
an
airline
pilot
and
author
of
Cockpit
Confidential
told
The
Telegraph.
“It
also
makes
it
easier
for
flight
attendants
to
assess
any
outside
risks,
such
as
fire
or
debris,
that
might
affect
an
escape.”
So
next
time
a
pilot
dims
the
lights,
just
know
it's
for
your
safety,
even
though
it
creates
a
gentle
atmosphere
for
your
take-off
into
the
sky.
1.The
lights
are
turned
down
before
take-off
to
help
passengers
　　　.?
A.escape
in
time
of
emergency
B.take
a
short
break
C.create
a
comfortable
atmosphere
D.enjoy
themselves
2.Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
Paragraphs
2
and
3?
A.Dimming
lights
is
required
when
accidents
happen.
B.Our
eyes
need
some
time
to
adapt
to
the
change
of
light.
C.Speckles
are
caused
by
the
use
of
dimmed
lights.
D.It
is
required
for
pilots
to
turn
off
lights
during
the
flight.
3.What
is
the
function
of
shortening
“dark
adaptation”
time?
A.Slowing
down
the
landing.
B.Adjusting
the
plane
lights.
C.Keeping
passengers
calm.
D.Helping
the
crew
judge
outside
risks.
4.What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.A
tip
to
make
air
travel
safer.
B.An
emergency
event
happening
on
a
plane.
C.An
explanation
of
an
airline
safety
measure.
D.A
warning
message
from
the
pilot.
答案
[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍航空公司的安全措施。
1.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段The
dimmed
lights
before
taking
off
the
runway
and
landing
are
a
flight
precaution
used
to
help
passengers'
eyes
adjust
quicker
during
an
emergency
escape.可知,飞机起飞前灯光关掉,其目的是帮助乘客在紧急情况下逃生。故选A。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中Going
from
a
brightly
lit
environment
to
one
that's
completely
dark
would
require
some
time
for
our
eyes
to
focus
and
see
the
escape
slide可知,我们的眼睛需要一些时间来适应光的变化。故选B。
3.D　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“dark
adaptation”
time定位信息句在最后一段。根据It
also
makes
it
easier
for
flight
attendants
to
assess
any
outside
risks,
such
as
fire
or
debris,
that
might
affect
an
escape可知,缩短暗适应时间,可以帮助空乘人员评估外面的风险。故选D。
4.C　主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了飞机起飞前都需要调暗灯光,而这一点能够在飞机紧急情况下帮助挽救乘客的生命,可知,文章是航空公司安全措施的解释。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020山东省实验中学期中考试)
Hope
is
the
most
powerful
motivating
force(驱动力)that
helps
people
to
overcome
the
difficulties.
　1　,
you
need
a
guiding
force
to
keep
you
moving
toward
your
goals.
Hope
keeps
you
on
your
feet
and
makes
you
much
stronger.?
Hope
is
your
strength
and
inner
faith
in
the
battle
of
your
life.
　2　,
you
lose
everything.
You
do
hard
work
and
make
a
great
effort
to
succeed
in
life
but
fail.
That
makes
you
upset
and
depressed.
You
do
not
know
what
to
do.
At
that
time
hope
comes
to
your
rescue
and
gives
you
encouragement.　3　.?
Hope
increases
the
productivity,
efficiency
and
creativity
in
people.
A
hopeful
person
is
a
positive
person
who
can
succeed
in
any
field
of
his
choice.
　4　.
The
best
service
we
can
do
for
mankind
is
giving
hope
to
the
hopeless.?
　5　?
Yes,
hope
gives
meaning
to
life
as
without
hope
there
is
no
reason
to
live.
Give
hope
to
the
people
and
they
will
become
more
creative
and
more
productive.
Hope
is
vital
to
the
life
of
every
person.
Besides,
hope
is
necessary
not
only
for
life
but
also
for
living
a
healthy
life.
Hope
is
the
best
medicine
that
keeps
away
tension,
depression,
high
blood
pressure
and
other
health
problems.
I
had
two
big
heart
attacks
and
while
at
the
edge
of
death,
I
had
hope
that
I
would
survive.
And
the
hope
of
getting
well
kept
me
alive.
?
A.A
hopeless
person
is
a
failed
person
who
can
never
succeed
in
life
B.Have
you
ever
lost
hope
and
felt
sorry
for
yourself
C.Since
you're
full
of
hope
for
the
future
D.You
try
one
more
time
and
succeed
E.In
the
ups
and
downs
of
life
F.Is
hope
necessary
for
life
G.If
you
lose
hope
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　文章主要介绍了希望是帮助人们克服困难的最强大的动力,在人生的起起落落中,你需要一股引导力量,让你朝着目标前进。希望使你振作起来,使你更坚强。
1.E　　考查段中承上启下句。根据前文Hope
is
the
most
powerful
motivating
force
that
helps
people
to
overcome
the
difficulties.(希望是帮助人们克服困难的最强大的动力。)以及后半句you
need
a
guiding
force
to
keep
you
moving
toward
your
goals(你需要一种引导力量,让你朝着目标前进)。可知,此处应填“在人生的起起落落中”。故选E。
2.G　考查段中承上启下句。根据前文Hope
is
your
strength
and
inner
faith
in
the
battle
of
your
life.(希望是你在人生战斗中的力量和内心的信念。)和后半句you
lose
everything,可知,此处应填“如果你失去希望”。故选G。
3.D　考查段尾承接句。根据前文At
that
time
hope
comes
to
your
rescue
and
gives
you
encouragement.(那时,希望会来搭救你,鼓励你。)可知,此处应填“你再试一次就成功了”。故选D。
4.A　考查段中承上启下句。根据前文A
hopeful
person
is
a
positive
person
who
can
succeed
in
any
field
of
his
choice.(一个充满希望的人是一个积极向上的人,他可以在他选择的任何领域取得成功。)以及后句The
best
service
we
can
do
for
mankind
is
giving
hope
to
the
hopeless.(我们能为人类做的最好的事,就是给没有希望的人希望。)可知,此处应填“一个没有希望的人是一个在生活中永远不会成功的失败的人”。故选A。
5.F　考查段首主题句。根据下文Yes,
hope
gives
meaning
to
life
as
without
hope
there
is
no
reason
to
live.(是的,希望赋予生命意义,因为没有希望就没有生活的理由。)可知,此处应填“希望是生活所必需的吗”。故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020山东济南历城二中期中)
　　Among
the
parents
who
came
to
watch
their
children's
daily
training
in
the
gymnastics
camp
was
a
famous
actress.
Her
daughter
was
good,
　1　
not
good
enough
to
ever
compete
at
a
championship
level.
And
I
noticed,
today,
how
　2　
she
was.
?
When
the
girl
　3　,
the
woman
called
out:“That
was
terrible.
You
looked
like
a
bag
of
potatoes
falling
downhill.”
The
girl
burst
into
tears.
?
The
scene
reminded
me
of
my
　4　of
the
day
when
one
of
my
own
gymnastics
performances
put
me
close
to
tears.
?
My
mother
became
seriously
ill
when
she
was
young,
and
she
has
　5　
a
wheelchair
ever
since.
But
she
never
let
that
　6　
her.
She
has
raised
five
children
and
has
a
career
as
well.
?
One
day
I
joined
a
gymnastics
program
at
a
nearby
park.
Before
long,
I
was
totally
　7　
in
it.
By
1972,
I
was
on
the
National
Gymnastics
Team
for
the
Olympic
Games.
I
couldn't
think
of
anything
else
but
　8　
a
gold
medal.
?
Before
the
competition,
all
in
my
mind
was
　9　
not
to
disgrace(使……丢脸)my
country
and
myself.
But,
though
I
tried
my
best,
I
didn't
win
a
gold
medal.
I
was
so
disappointed.
When
the
winners
were
receiving
　10　,
I
joined
my
parents
in
the
stands,
and
we
all
cried.
“I'm
sorry.
I
did
my
best,”
said
I.
?
She
said
nothing
but
ten
words
I
never
　11　:“Doing
your
best
is
more
important
than
being
the
best.”Suddenly
I
understood
my
mother
better
than
ever
before.
She
had
never
let
her
disability
　12　
her
from
always
doing
her
best.
?
Now
I
approached
the
crying
girl
and
put
a(n)
　13　
around
her.
“Honey,”I
said.
“I
know
you
have
done
your
best,
and
doing
your
best
is
more
important
than
being
the
best.
I'm
　14　
you.”?
She
smiled
at
me
with
tears
in
her
eyes.
Maybe
somewhere,
someday,
she'll
　15　
those
words
along.
?
1.A.as　　　B.if
C.because　　　D.though
2.A.excited　　　B.frightened　
C.anxious　　　D.nervous
3.A.stopped　　　B.finished　
C.began　　
　D.paused
4.A.experiences　B.success　
C.regrets　　　D.memories
5.A.needed　　　B.made　
C.wanted　　　D.expected
6.A.control　　　B.challenge　
C.discourage　　D.disturb
7.A.confident　　B.absorbed　
C.involved　　　D.trapped
8.A.finding　　　B.winning　
C.earning　　　D.making
9.A.determination　　　B.satisfaction　
C.encouragement　　　D.effort
10.A.songs　　　B.rewards
C.gifts　　　
D.awards
11.A.remembered　　　B.ignored　
C.understood　　　D.forgot
12.A.prevent　　　B.save
C.protect　　　D.forbid
13.A.arm　　　B.hand
C.ring　　　
D.scarf
14.A.curious
about　　　B.concerned
about　
C.proud
of　　　D.sure
of
15.A.continue　　　B.treat
C.pass　　　D.use
答案
[语篇解读]　本文作者是一位体操队教练,通过平时训练中的一件小事,作者回忆起童年参加体操比赛时经历的挫折。期间,她的母亲给予她的教导让她终生难忘。本文自始至终贯穿了“尽最大努力就是最好的”的正能量。
1.D　though引导省略的让步状语从句,此处表示虽然她还没达到参加锦标赛的水平,但是还是不错的。故选D。
2.D　因为她母亲来观看,所以她觉得“紧张”,用nervous。故选D。
3.B　女孩完成训练后,女人大声叫了起来。故选B。
4.D　这个女孩的遭遇唤醒了作者之前参加体操比赛的记忆。故选D。
5.A　根据上文可知,作者的母亲小时候生了一场病,自此之后需要坐在轮椅上,所以选择“needed”。故选A。
6.C　虽然作者的母亲终身残疾,但是她并没有因她的残疾而对生活失去信心,相反,她克服困难,依然养育了五个孩子,同时成就了一番事业。故选C。
7.B　作者接触到体操后,很快就投入其中。be
absorbed
in全神贯注于,专注于。故选B。
8.B　作者心中只有“赢得金牌”的想法。故选B。
9.A　赛前,作者心中只有不给祖国和自己丢脸的“决心”。故选A。
10.D　获奖者获奖,所以选择D项
awards,而B项rewards指的是“回报”,根据本文的意思,awards最合适。故选D。
11.D　面对作者的失望,作者的母亲说了10个字,这10个字是作者永远不能忘怀的,这从下文作者用这10个字安慰那个女孩可以得到印证。故选D。
12.A　在作者看来,作者的母亲从来没有让她的残疾阻止她尽最大努力。故选A。
13.A　这里场景又回到了小女孩的赛前训练上来了,小女孩受到了母亲的训斥,失声痛哭。作者拥抱她表示安慰。根据空格后的around可知,作者是用胳膊搂住小女孩。故选A。
14.C　作者拥抱女孩,并用她母亲教给她的话安慰这个小女孩,作者表达了这个女孩已经尽力了,所以她说“我为你感到骄傲”,be
proud
of意思最合适。故选C。
15.C　这里作者回扣主题,相信被那10个字从痛苦中拯救出来的女孩一定会将这10个字牢记于心,而且会“传递”下去。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2020浙江宁波余姚中学期中考试)
Now
I'd
like
to
tell
you
something
about
my
hometown.
I
live
in
Brighton,
　1　
is
in
the
south
of
England.
Of
course
it
isn't
as
interesting
as
London.
But
there
is
little
pollution
and
the
air
is
　2　(true)
clean.
Every
year
many
travelers
visit
here.
There
are
about
300
shops
and
it
will
take
you
about
three
days
to
go
around
all
of
　3　(they).
Here
you
can
enjoy
the
best
food
in
England
with
the
least
money.
If
you
go
to
a
small
hotel,
you
　4　(find)
the
local
beer
has
a
special
taste.
There
are
a
few
　5　(factory)
in
Brighton,
but
not
many,
　6　
it
isn't
easy
to
find
a
job
there.
My
father
used
to
work
in
a
steel
plant.
　7　
plant
shut
down
a
year
ago
and
my
father
lost
his
job.
　8　(see)
there
are
so
many
travelers,
my
father
has
decided
　9　(open)
a
small
gift
shop
and
he
regards
it
as
the
best
approach
　10　
making
money
now.?
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　?
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　本文讲述了一些关于作者家乡的事情。作者住在英国南部的布赖顿,污染很少,空气也非常干净,每年都有许多游客来这里旅游。作者的父亲失去了工作,看到这么多游客,作者父亲决定开一家小礼品店。
1.which　考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为Brighton,在非限制性定语从句中充当主语,指代事物,故用which引导。
2.truly　考查副词。修饰形容词,要用副词,故填truly。
3.them　考查人称代词。作宾语,用宾格,故填them。
4.will/may/can
find　考查时态或情态动词。条件状语从句用一般现在时,主句常用一般将来时,或情态动词加动词原形。故填will/may/can
find。
5.factories　考查名词复数。前面有a
few,后跟名词复数。故填factories。
6.so　考查连词。前后句之间为因果关系,所以用so连接句子。故填so。
7.The　考查冠词。表示特指用定冠词,此处特指爸爸工作的工厂。故填The。
8.Seeing/Having
seen　考查非谓语动词。句子主语和see之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语,如果强调动作发生在先,也可以用having
done形式。故填Seeing/Having
seen。
9.to
open　考查不定式。decide
to
do决定做。故填to
open。
10.to　考查介词。approach
to意为“……的方法”。故填to。Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Section
Ⅲ　Grammar
(v.-ing形式作宾语与动词不定式作宾语)
用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.(教材P14)These
are
the
words
that
every
writer
dreads
receiving(receive),
but
words
every
writer
knows
well.
2.(教材P15)After
a
total
of
twelve
rejections,
one
publisher
eventually
agreed
to
print
(print)
500
copies
of
her
first
book.
?
3.(教材P15)J.D.Salinger
started
writing/to
write
(write)
short
stories
in
high
school,
but
later
struggled
to
get
(get)
his
works
published.
?
4.(教材P15)Despite
rejections
from
several
publishers,
J.D.Salinger
refused
to
give
(give)
up.
?
5.(教材P15)Perhaps
the
overall
prize
for
perseverance
should
go
to
three
sisters
from
Victorian
England
who
dreamt
of
seeing(see)
their
words
in
print.
一、接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词和动词短语
1.英语中有些及物动词后面直接接v.-ing形式作宾语,常见动词有:
enjoy(喜欢),
finish(结束),
avoid(避免),
admit(承认),
practise(练习),
consider(考虑),
imagine(想象),
keep(继续,重复),
advise(建议),
suggest(建议),
appreciate(感激),
allow(允许),
permit(允许),
forbid(禁止),
mind(介意),
miss(错过),
excuse(原谅),
risk(冒险),
escape(避免,避开)等。
I
first
considered
writing
to
her
but
then
decided
to
see
her.我起先考虑写信给她,但后来决定去见她。
It
is
very
important
that
we
should
practice
speaking
English
every
day.我们每天练习说英语是很重要的。
误区警示
advise,
allow,
permit,
forbid等词后直接接v.-ing形式作宾语,
如果后面有名词、
代词作宾语,
则其后用不定式作宾语补足语。即
allow/advise/forbid/permit
Teachers
don't
allow
speaking
loudly
in
class.
老师不允许在课堂上大声说话。
Teachers
don't
allow
us
to
speak
loudly
in
class.
老师不允许我们在课堂上大声说话。
2.常接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词短语:be
good
at(擅长),
lead
to(引起,导致),
give
up(放弃),
look
forward
to(盼望),
feel
like(想要),
be/get
used
to(习惯于),
pay
attention
to(注意,重视),
be
fond
of(喜欢),
can't
help(禁不住),
put
off(推迟),
keep
on(继续),
get
down
to(着手做),be
busy(忙于),
be
worth(值得),
have
difficulty/trouble/problems
(in)(有困难)等。
I
don't
get
used
to
getting
up
so
early
in
the
morning.
我不习惯早晨起那么早。
I
have
been
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you.
我一直盼望着收到你的来信。
巧学助记
歌诀巧记:常接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语):
建议　考虑　坚持练,(suggest,advise,consider,insist
on,
practise)
允许　想象　弃冒险,(permit,allow,imagine,give
up,risk)
阻止　抵抗　否逃脱,(prevent,resist,deny,escape)
不禁　介意　保持完,(can't
help,mind,keep,finish)
耽误　推迟　求原谅,(delay,put
off,require,forgive,excuse)
承认　错过　欣喜欢。(admit,miss,appreciate,enjoy)
二、动词不定式作宾语
不定式作宾语时,往往跟在某些及物动词后面,常见的有:agree(同意),offer(提出),intend/plan(打算,计划),demand(要求),promise(答应),help(帮忙),prepare(准备),decide(决定),refuse(拒绝),dare(敢于),choose(选择),wish/hope/want/expect(希望,想要),fail(未能),pretend(假装),manage(设法),determine(决心),beg(恳求,祈求),arrange(安排,准备),threaten(威胁),claim(声称),aim(以……为目标),hesitate(犹豫不决)等。
They
managed
to
finish
the
work
on
time.
他们设法按时完成了工作。
He
failed
to
paste
the
poster
on
the
wall.
他没能把海报贴到墙上。
巧学助记
歌诀巧记:常接不定式作宾语的动词:
同意提出做计划,要求答应来帮忙。
准备决定遭拒绝,敢于选择有希望。
未能做到莫假装,设法做成决心强。
恳求安排又威胁,声称目标不犹豫。
三、既接v.-ing形式又接不定式作宾语的动词
1.接v.-ing/不定式作宾语时意义差别很大的动词(短语)。
动词/短语
to
do
sth.
doing
sth.
remember
记住要做……
记得做过……doing
sth.
forget
忘记了要做……
忘记了做过……
try
努力做……
试着做……
mean
打算做……
意味着……
stop
停下来做……(另外一件事)
停止做……(正在做的事)
go
on
接着再做……(不同的事)
继续做……(同一件事)
regret
遗憾要做……
后悔做了……
can't
help
不能帮忙做……
情不自禁做……
　　I
shall
never
forget
seeing
the
famous
writer.
我永远不会忘记见过那位著名作家。
Don't
forget
to
write
to
your
mother.
不要忘了给你母亲写信。
I
really
regret
missing/having
missed
his
lecture.
我没能听他的讲座真遗憾。
I
regret
to
say
that
I
am
unable
to
help
him.
我很遗憾地说,我不能帮助他。
2.接v.-ing形式/不定式作宾语意义差别不大的动词。
(1)begin/start后跟不定式或v.-ing形式作宾语时意思通常无差别。
Tom
began
learning/to
learn
how
to
use
a
computer.
汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。
(2)like/love/hate/prefer后跟两种形式时意思差别不大,接v.-ing形式作宾语时,通常表示习惯性或一般性的动作;接不定式作宾语时,表示具体的、一次性动作。
They
prefer
staying
indoor
when
it
is
cold.
天冷时他们喜欢待在室内。
Would
you
prefer
to
stay
at
home
or
go
to
the
movies
with
us
this
evening?
今晚你想待在家里还是和我们一起去看电影呢?
名师点津
动词need,
require,
want等作“需要”讲时,若主语与后面的动词构成被动关系,其后必须用v.-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。即need/want/require+doing/to
be
done。
There
is
something
wrong
with
this
bicycle.
It
needs
repairing/to
be
repaired.
这个自行车出问题了,需要修理了。
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.(2019浙江卷,语法填空)One
study
in
America
found
that
students'
grades
improved
a
little
after
the
school
introduced
uniforms.
But
some
students
didn't
want
to
wear
(wear)the
uniform.
?
2.(2018浙江卷,语法填空)I
still
remember
visiting
(visit)
a
friend
who'd
lived
here
for
five
years
and
I
was
shocked
when
I
learnt
she
hadn't
cooked
once
in
all
that
time.
3.(2018天津卷)I
didn't
mean
to
eat
anything
but
the
ice
cream
looked
so
good
that
I
couldn't
help
trying
(try)it.
4.Please
stop
talking(talk),
boys.
I
have
something
important
to
tell
you.
5.Nobody
in
the
class
admitted
breaking(break)
the
window.
6.I
want
to
wash
my
clothes.
Do
your
clothes
need
washing/to
be
washed(wash)??
7.As
a
young
man,
he
is
not
allowed
to
stay(stay)out
late.?
8.I
can't
stand
working(work)
with
Jane
in
the
same
office,
as
it
is
not
easy
to
talk
(talk)
with
her.
?
9.Mr.
and
Mrs.
White
bought
a
tent
just
now,
for
they
are
considering
going(go)
camping
this
weekend.
10.I
am
looking
forward
to
returning(return)
to
school
soon,
for
I
have
stayed
at
home
for
such
a
long
time.
11.I
regret
to
tell
(tell)you
that
I
have
forgotten
to
bring
(bring)
the
book
you
want.?
12.In
remote
areas
of
this
country,
missing
a
bus
means
waiting
(wait)
for
another
two
hours.
Ⅱ.语法与主题写作
1.写作要点
　　根据本单元所学语法知识和主题知识补全句子。
①毫无疑问,每个人小时候都喜欢追求自己的梦想。
There's
no
doubt
that
everyone
enjoys
pursuing
their
dreams
at
an
early
age.
?
②也许,你只是想象到山的另一边旅行,或者触摸一下邻家女孩每天傍晚都弹奏的钢琴。
Perhaps,
you
just
imaginetraveling
beyond
the
mountain
or
touching
the
piano
that
the
girl
next
door
plays
every
evening.
③上小学的时候,你承认你的目标是成为一名律师。
When
at
primary
school,
you
admitted
aiming
to
become
a
lawyer.
?
④一旦你决定做某事,就应该毫不犹豫地去实现它。
Once
you
decide
to
do
something,
you
shouldn't
hesitate
to
achieve
it.
?
⑤只要你能脚踏实地一步一步完成,这一小步最终会通向成功。
As
long
as
you
can
get
down
to
finishing
it
step
by
step,
the
small
step
eventually
leads
to
success.
?
2.串句成文
　　将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
There's
no
doubt
that
everyone
enjoys
pursuing
their
dreams
at
an
early
age.
Perhaps,
you
just
imagine
traveling
beyond
the
mountain
or
touching
the
piano
that
the
girl
next
door
plays
every
evening.
When
at
primary
school,
you
admitted
aiming
to
become
a
lawyer.
Once
you
decide
to
do
something,
you
shouldn't
hesitate
to
achieve
it.
As
long
as
you
can
get
down
to
finishing
it
step
by
step,
the
small
step
eventually
leads
to
success.?Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Section
Ⅳ　Integrated
skills
主题听说专练
Ⅰ.词汇翻译
1.not
lift
a
finger袖手旁观
2.a
wet
blanket扫兴的人
3.an
eager
beaver做事非常卖力气的人
4.drag
one's
feet行动缓慢,磨磨蹭蹭
5.turn
over
a
new
leaf洗心革面,改过自新
6.cool
as
a
cucumber泰然自若,镇定自若
7.ups
and
downs起伏,兴衰
8.look
on
the
bright
side对事物抱乐观态度;往好处想
9.in
high/low
spirits
情绪高涨/低落
10.keep
one's
spirits
up
(=stay
cheerful)
保持高昂的情绪
11.feel
low/down
情绪低落/意志消沉
12.fighting
spirit
斗志
13.in
good
heart心情舒畅;兴高采烈
14.cheer
up振作起来
15.have
a
positive/negative
effect
on对……有积极/消极影响
Ⅱ.选择恰当选项补全对话
背景导学
杰克感到不舒服,去看医生。让我们一起看看他们的对话。
A:Come
in
and
sit
down,
Jack.
Now,
what's
the
trouble?
B:1.C,
doctor.
A:I
see.
When
did
it
start?
B:It
started
yesterday.
I
didn't
eat
any
supper.
A:Have
you
got
a
temperature?
B:I
think
so.
I
feel
very
hot.
A:Let's
see.
Yes,
2.A.
B:I've
got
an
awful
headache,
too,
and
my
throat
hurts.
A:Hm...I
think
you've
got
flu.
B:3.D
A:No,
not
at
all,
but
you
must
stay
in
bed
for
three
days
and
take
this
medicine.
B:4.B
A:Three
times
a
day
after
meals.
B:Thank
you,
doctor.
Goodbye.
A.you've
got
quite
a
high
temperature
B.How
often
must
I
take
it?
C.I've
got
a
terrible
pain
in
my
stomach
D.Is
it
serious?
Ⅲ.根据提示完成对话
背景导学
玛丽亚的妈妈不允许玛丽亚做兼职,看看艾丽斯如何给她支招。
A:Why
are
you
so
upset
today,
Maria?
Cheer
up!
B:Oh,
Iris,
it's
about
the
job
with
the
PR
company.
A:It's
a
great
opportunity.
You
should
1.be
happy
with
(对……感到高兴)the
offer.
?
B:But
my
mother
won't
allow
me
to
accept
any
part-time
job.
I'm
afraid
she
will
say
no
again.
A:Why?You
can
learn
a
lot
from
it.
B:She
says
a
part-time
job
is
a
cursed
blessing.
It
2.takes
so
much
time
and
energy
(花很多时间和精力)
that
I
won't
be
able
to
focus
on
my
study.?
A:That
may
be
true.
But
I'm
sure
you're
able
to
find
a
balance
between
them.
Why
not
try
it?
B:I
have
turned
down
quite
a
few
offers
before
for
her
sake.
But
I'm
a
senior
now,
I
don't
want
to
3.miss
the
chance(错过这次机会)
this
time.?
A:I
agree
with
you,
but
I
think
you
really
need
to
talk
to
your
mother
and
tell
her
what's
in
your
mind.
B:I'll
try,
but
what
if
she
insists?
A:Just
let
her
know
that
experience
will
be
both
amazing
and
rewarding.
And
4.more
importantly(更重要的是),
you
can
manage
both
your
study
and
the
job.
?
B:Do
you
think
it
will
work?
A:Sure.
Every
cloud
has
its
silver
lining.
Just
try.
B:OK,
I'll
do
that.
Thank
you,
Iris.
A:Good
luck,
Maria!
Ⅳ.根据听力材料回答问题
An
outing
We
were
discussing
where
to
go
for
an
outing
during
the
spring
holidays.
Some
suggested
the
Guanting
Reservoir.
Others
wanted
to
see
the
Great
Wall.
Then
someone
said,
“Why
not
go
back
to
Anzhuang
for
a
visit?”
At
this
we
all
cheered.
Of
course,
we
would
revisit
that
beautiful
mountain
village
on
the
banks
of
the
Yongding
River!
The
place
was
dear
to
us
all.
We
had
gone
there
the
year
before
to
plant
trees
in
the
surrounding
mountains.
We
had
formed
close
ties
with
the
villagers.
So
early
the
next
morning
we
were
off
to
Anzhuang
on
the
7:30
train.
It
was
a
fine
day
in
April.
Everyone
was
in
high
spirits.
We
could
hardly
sit
still,
for
there
were
so
many
interesting
sights
outside
the
window.
We
saw
new
factories
and
well-cultivated
fields
all
along
the
line.
At
Shijingshan
we
passed
the
huge
steel
mill
and
the
power
plant.
Then
suddenly
we
saw
the
green
Yongding
River
in
the
valley
below.
Our
hearts
gave
a
leap,
for
we
knew
that
in
a
few
minutes
we
would
be
with
our
friends
at
Anzhuang
again.
They
were
overjoyed
to
see
us.
The
old
villagers
kept
asking
how
we
were.
They
were
pleased
to
see
how
much
stronger
some
of
us
had
become.
Then
some
old
friends
of
ours
took
us
to
see
what
they
had
achieved.
New
houses,
larger
schools,
more
sheep,
more
pigs
and
chickens,
more
cows
and
horses—everywhere
we
saw
signs
of
prosperity.
Then
we
climbed
the
mountains.
The
villagers
showed
us
the
trees
we
had
planted.
We
were
happy
to
see
that
most
of
them
were
growing
well.
At
one
place
we
found
some
young
people
digging
pits.
They
were
getting
things
ready
for
this
year's
tree-planting.
We
all
joined
them
in
the
work.
But
the
time
soon
came
for
us
to
return.
It
was
getting
dark.
We
told
our
friends
that
we
would
soon
come
back
to
plant
trees
again.
Back
in
the
train,
we
told
each
other
what
a
wonderful
time
we
had
had
that
day.
“An
outing
like
this
is
certainly
more
exciting
than
picnicking
in
the
Summer
Palace,”
one
student
said.
“Or
on
the
Great
Wall,”
another
added.
They
spoke
for
us
all.
1.Which
place
did
they
visit
for
an
outing?
A.The
Guanting
Reservoir.
B.Anzhuang.
C.The
Great
Wall.
答案　B
2.How
did
the
old
villagers
feel
to
see
some
of
us
had
become
stronger?
A.Pleased.　　　B.Surprised.　　　C.Amused.
答案　A
3.What
were
some
young
people
doing
at
one
place?
A.Planting
trees.
B.Feeding
horses.
C.Digging
pits.
答案　CUnit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Section
Ⅴ　Developing
ideas
&
Other
parts
Ⅰ.课标单词
1.单词拼写
①companionship
/k?m?p?nj?n??p/n.友谊;友好交往
②fingertip
/?f??ɡ??t?p/n.指尖
③outline
/?a?tla?n/n.外形,轮廓
④intoxicate
/?n?t?ks?ke?t/v.使兴奋,使陶醉
⑤pageant
/?p?d?(?)nt/n.盛大的(露天)演出
⑥probe
/pr??b/v.调查;探究
⑦dawn
/d??n/n.黎明,破晓
⑧delight
/d??la?t/n.使人高兴的事
⑨revelation
/?rev??le??(?)n/n.展现,显示
⑩workaday
/?w??k?de?/adj.平凡的;平淡的
amid
/??m?d/prep.在……之中
haunt
/h??nt/n.(某人)常去的地方
descend
/d??send/v.降临;来临
mighty
/?ma?ti/adj.强有力的;雄伟的
orchestra
/???k?str?/n.(大型的)管弦乐队
tactile
/?t?kta?l/adj.触觉的
perfume
/?p??fju?m/n.香味
relish
/?rel??/n.享受,乐趣
morsel
/?m??s(?)l/n.(尤指食物的)一小片,一小块
delightful
/d??la?tf(?)l/adj.令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的
2.根据英文释义选词填空
strain　permanent　outline　worthy
outline
the
main
shape
or
edge
of
something,
without
any
details
②permanent
lasting
for
a
long
time
or
forever
③worthy
having
the
qualities
that
deserve
your
respect,
attention
or
admiration
④strain
the
sound
of
music
being
played
or
sung
3.词汇拓展
①blessing/?bles??/n.幸事,幸运→bless/bles/v.祈求上帝祝福
②appreciative/??pri???t?v/adj.感激的→appreciate/??pri??ie?t/v.感激,感谢;欣赏,赏识→appreciation/??pri??i?e??n/n.感激,感谢;欣赏
③mere/m??/adj.仅仅,只不过→merely/?m??li/adv.仅仅,只不过
④gentleness/?d?entln?s/n.和蔼,温和→gentle/?d?entle/adj.温和的,温柔的,柔和的→gently/?d?entli/adv.温柔地;温和地;文静地;和缓地
⑤literary/?l?t(?)r?ri/adj.文学的→literature/?l?tr?t??(r)/n.文学,文学作品;文献
⑥embarrassed/?m?b?r?st/adj.难堪的,尴尬的→embarrassing/?m?b?r?s??/adj.令人尴尬的→embarrass/?m?b?r?s/v.使窘迫,使尴尬→embarrassment/?m?b?r?sm?nt/n.害羞;窘迫;愧疚;难堪
Ⅱ.情境词块
1.(be)appreciative
of
感激……,感谢……
2.now
and
then时常;偶尔
3.in
particular特别地;尤其是
4.worthy
of
note值得注意
5.probe
into调查,探究
6.greet
the
dawn迎接黎明
7.go
about着手做,处理
8.close
in
on逼近,围住
9.descend
on/upon
降临;突然到达
10.apply
to申请;适用于
11.give
one
hint
to
给……一点提示
12.care
about关心;担心
13.interact
with和……交流;和……相互作用
14.knock
over把……打翻;打倒
15.pick
up拿起,拾起;跌倒后爬起;(开车)接,取;(无意中)学会;接收信号
16.end
up最终;结果;到头来
17.be
aware
of意识到,知道
18.respond
to回答,回应;对……作出反应
Ⅲ.情境佳句
1.
句型公式
make+宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句
Darkness
would
make
him
more
appreciative
of
sight;silence
would
teach
him
the
joys
of
sound.
尝试翻译
黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力,静默能教会人享受声音的美妙。
2.
句型公式
部分倒装
教材原句
Only
when
darkness
had
again
descended
upon
me
should
I
realize
how
much
I
had
left
unseen.
尝试翻译
唯有在黑暗再次来袭时,我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。
3.
句型公式
I
am
sure
that句型
教材原句
But
of
all
the
senses,
I
am
sure
that
sight
must
be
the
most
delightful.
尝试翻译
但在所有的感官中,我确信,视觉的享受一定是最令人愉快的。
4.
句型公式
状语从句的省略
教材原句
After
failing
to
pick
up
any
food
with
a
fork
for
five
minutes,
I
decided
to
use
my
hands.
尝试翻译
用叉子叉食物用时五分钟却以失败告终后,我决定用手。
5.
句型公式
现在分词短语作伴随状语
教材原句
I
reached
down,
expecting
rice
and
vegetables,
but
instead
stuck
my
hand
into
a
bowl
of
warm,
thick
soup.
尝试翻译
我俯下身,想吃米饭和蔬菜,但却把手伸进了一碗热乎乎的浓汤里。
Ⅰ.文本理解
Step
1　Reading
for
the
main
idea.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.Something
worthy
of
value.
B.The
soul
to
be
probed
into.
C.Three
days
to
see.
D.Darkness
to
disappear.
答案　C
Step
2　Reading
for
the
structure.
　　Fill
in
the
following
blanks
with
proper
words.
Beauty
would
be
1.revealed
by
sight.
The
first
day
I
should
want
to
see
the
people
whose
kindness
and
gentleness
and
2.companionship
have
made
my
life
worth
living.
The
second
day
I
should
like
to
see
the
3.pageant
of
man's
progress,
and
I
should
go
to
the
museums.
The
4.third
day
I
should
again
5.greet
the
dawn
in
the
morning,
and
I
shall
spend
in
the
workaday
world,
amid
the
haunts
of
men
6.going
about
the
business
of
life.
Use
your
eyes
as
if
tomorrow
you
would
be
stricken
7.blind.
Step
3　Reading
for
the
details.
　　Choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
text.
1.How
would
darkness
make
one
feel?
A.Proud
of
himself.
B.Grateful
for
scenery.
C.Worthy
of
hard
work.
D.Pleased
with
health.
答案　B
2.What
does
the
word
“observe”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A.Follow.　　　B.Experience.　　　　
C.Touch.　　　D.Watch.
答案　D
3.Why
would
the
author
not
be
able
to
sleep
on
the
first
night?
A.Because
she
would
be
disappointed.
B.Because
she
would
be
tired.
C.Because
she
would
be
excited.
D.Because
she
would
be
alone.
答案　C
4.There
are
many“as
if”
in
the
sentences
in
the
last
paragraph.
What
figure
of
speech
is
it?
A.Parallelism.
B.Metaphor(比喻).
C.Personification(拟人).
D.Rhetorical
question(反问).
答案　A
学会学习
作为一种文学手段,排比就是使用在结构上相似的词语、从句或句子。它可以使内容更有节秦、更吸引人、更容易记住。它常用于文学作品和演讲中。
Ⅱ.难句突破
1.[图解难句]
[自我分析]本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是I,谓语动词是have
thought,it
would
be
a
blessing
if
each
human
being
were
stricken
blind
and
deaf
for
a
few
days
at
some
time
during
his
early
adult
life是宾语从句,其中包含if引导的条件状语从句。?
[尝试翻译]　我常常思忖,如果每个人在他的青年时期都有一段时间看不见、听不见,那会是一件幸运的事情。
2.[图解难句]
[自我分析]本句的主干属于主+谓+双宾结构,asked是谓语动词,a
friend是间接宾语,what
she
had
observed是直接宾语,who
had
just
returned
from
a
long
walk
in
the
woods是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词friend。
[尝试翻译]　最近,我问一个在林子里散步了许久才回来的朋友观察到了什么。
Ⅲ.文本复述
Step
1　Question
Answering
　　根据课文回答下列问题。
1.What
should
you
do
on
your
first
day
if
you
were
not
blind?
If
I
were
not
blind,
I
should
want
to
see
the
people,
I
should
like
to
see
the
books
read
to
me,
and
I
should
take
a
long
walk
in
the
woods.?
2.On
the
second
day,
should
you
like
to
see
the
pageant
of
man's
progress?
Should
you
spend
at
a
theater
or
at
the
movies
that
evening?
Yes,
I
should.?
3.What
should
you
do
on
the
third
day?
I
should
again
greet
the
dawn,
and
I
shall
spend
in
the
workaday
world,
amid
the
haunts
of
men
going
about
the
business
of
life.?
4.I
am
sure
that
sight
must
be
the
most
delightful,
isn't
it?
Yes,
it
is.?
Step
2　Text
Retelling
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的60词左右的短文。
If
I
were
not
blind,
I
should
want
to
see
the
people,
I
should
like
to
see
the
books
read
to
me,
and
I
should
take
a
long
walk
in
the
woods.
On
the
second
day,
I
should
like
to
see
the
pageant
of
man's
progress,
and
that
evening
I
should
spend
at
a
theater
or
at
the
movies.
On
the
third
day,
I
should
again
greet
the
dawn,
and
I
shall
spend
in
the
workaday
world,
amid
the
haunts
of
men
going
about
the
business
of
life.
I
am
sure
that
sight
must
be
the
most
delightful.?
板块一　语言知识
1.Darkness
would
make
him
more
appreciative
of
sight;silence
would
teach
him
the
joys
of
sound.
(教材P20)黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力,静默能教会人享受声音的美妙。
语言点1
appreciative
adj.感激的,感谢的;欣赏的,赏识的
情境探究
①(鲜活例句)Many
friends
from
other
countries
appreciate
Chinese
offering
bikes
to
them.
许多来自其他国家的友人感谢中国人给他们提供自行车。
②I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
pay
in
cash.
假如你支付现金的话,我将不胜感激。
③Children
rarely
show
any
appreciation
of/for
what
their
parents
do
for
them.
孩子们很少对父母为他们所做的事表示感激。
归纳拓展
(1)be
appreciative
of...感激……,感谢……
(2)appreciate
v.感激,感谢;欣赏,赏识
appreciate
(sb./sb.'s)
doing
sth.感激(某人)做某事
would
appreciate
it
if...要是……将不胜感激
(3)appreciation
n.
感激,感谢;欣赏,赏识
误区警示
appreciate后可以接名词或代词,还可以接v.-ing形式,但不接不定式;表示“感激”时,后接事或物,而thank后接人。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①He
was
sincerely
appreciative
of
their
support.
②I
appreciate
your
making
(make)
the
effort
to
come.
③The
award
is
given
in
appreciation
(appreciative)
of
her
huge
contribution
to
the
movie
business.
(2)单句写作
④如果您能将我的申请考虑在内,我将不胜感激。(2019全国卷Ⅰ,书面表达)
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
take
my
application
into
consideration.?
2.How
was
it
possible,
I
asked
myself,
to
walk
for
an
hour
through
the
woods
and
see
nothing
worthy
of
note?
(教材P20)我问自己,在林子里散步一小时之久却没有看到任何值得注意的东西,这怎么可能呢?
语言点2
worthy
adj.值得尊敬的;值得赞赏的
情境探究
①A
number
of
the
report's
findings
are
worthy
of
note.
这份报告里有些调查结果值得注意。
②He
is
worthy
to
take
the
lead.他是配当领袖的人。
③The
boy
was
considered
not
to
be
worthy
of
being
educated/to
be
educated.
人们认为这个男孩不值得教育。
归纳拓展
be
worthy
of+n.值得;应得
be
worthy
to
do值得;应得
be
worthy
of
being
done/be
worthy
to
be
done值得被……
易混辨析worthwhile/worthy/worth
worthwhile
表示“值得花时间(或花钱、努力等),值得的”,可作表语、定语或补语。
It's
worthwhile
to
do/doing
sth.
worthy
表示“值得尊敬的,值得敬仰的”时常作定语;表示“值得(或应得)……的”时常作表语。
Sb./Sth.
is
worthy+
worth
一般用作表语,其前可用well修饰,不能用very修饰。
Sb./Sth.
is
worth+
①It
didn't
seem
worthwhile
writing
it
all
out
again.
把它都再写出来似乎不必要。
②(2018全国卷Ⅱ)But
the
next
time
you
find
yourself
among
strangers,
consider
that
small
talk
is
worth
the
trouble.
但是下次当你发现自己和陌生人在一起的时候,你要认为闲聊是值得的。
③It
is
well
worth
listening
to
the
lecture,
though
it
is
rather
long.
尽管这个讲座有点长,它还是很值得一听的。
学以致用
单句填空
①Two
points
in
this
report
are
especially
worthy
of
notice.
②She
said
she
was
not
worthy
to
accept
(accept)
the
honour
they
had
offered
her.
?
③This
article
is
worthy
to
be
studied
(study)
carefully.?
3.I
who
cannot
see
find
hundreds
of
things
to
interest
me
through
mere
touch.(教材P20)
我一个看不见的人,仅仅通过触觉,就能发现成百上千件引起我兴趣的东西。
语言点3
mere
adj.
仅仅,只不过
情境探究
①There
is
more
to
good
health
than
the
mere
absence
of
disease.健康不仅仅指不生病,还包括更多。
②Social
robots
will
be
much
more
like
human
companions
than
mere
tools.
社交机器人将会更像是人类的伙伴,而不仅仅是工具。
③He
said
nothing,
merely
smiled
and
watched
her.
他什么也没说,只是微笑着看着她。
归纳拓展
merely
adv.仅仅;只不过
学以致用
用mere的适当形式填空
①I
wasn't
complaining;I
merely
said
that
I
was
tired.
②The
economy
has
been
growing
here
at
about
5%
and
unemployment
is
a
mere
2.5%.
4.On
the
first
day,
I
should
want
to
see
the
people
whose
kindness
and
gentleness
and
companionship
have
made
my
life
worth
living.(教材P20)
第一天,我想见见身边的人,他们用善良、温柔和陪伴使我的生命变得有价值。
语言点4
gentleness
n.和蔼,温和
情境探究
①He
began
to
comfort
me
with
such
unaccustomed
gentleness.
他开始用异乎寻常的温柔安慰我。
②My
son
was
a
quiet
and
gentle
man
who
liked
sports
and
enjoyed
life.
我儿子是个安静温和的人,他喜欢运动和享受生活。
③The
path
ran
gently
down
to
the
sea.
这条小路平缓地向大海延伸。
归纳拓展
gentle
adj.
温柔的;温和的;柔和的;平缓的
gently
adv.温柔地;温和地;文静地;和缓地
学以致用
用gentle的适当形式填空
①(2019江苏高考)Steve
moved
to
the
piano
and
sat
at
the
bench,
hands
trembling
as
he
gently
placed
his
fingers
on
the
keys.
②Patrick
took
her
gently
by
the
arm
and
led
her
to
a
chair.
③She
neither
smiled
nor
cried,
but
stared
at
me
with
strange
gentleness.
5.Only
when
darkness
had
again
descended
upon
me
should
I
realize
how
much
I
had
left
unseen.(教材P21)
唯有在黑暗再次来袭时,我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。
Paraphrase:I
should
realize
there
were
many
things
I
hadn't
seen
only
when
darkness
had
again
begun
to
affect
me.
语言点5
句型公式:部分倒装
情境探究
①Only
if
you
speak
more
will
you
be
able
to
improve
your
spoken
English.只有多说,你才能提高你的英语口语。
②(2019全国卷Ⅱ)Only
at
dinnertime
are
we
eating
together
anymore,
74
percent,
according
to
statistics
from
the
report.根据报告中的统计数据,74%的受访者表示,只有在晚餐时间,我们才会一起吃饭。
③(2019全国卷Ⅱ)Only
then
should
you
set
your
goals.
只有那时,你才能设定你的目标。
归纳拓展
(1)本句位于句首的是“Only+when引导的状语从句”,因此主句要用部分倒装句式。正常语序的陈述句为:I
should
realize
how
much
I
had
left
unseen
only
when
darkness
had
again
descended
upon
me.。
(2)“only+(时间/条件)状语从句/副词/介词短语”位于句首时,主句/句子要用部分倒装结构(即把情态动词、助动词或系动词放在主语前面)。
学以致用
单句写作
①只有当他完成公司安排的第一项任务后,他才能被接受成为正式员工。
Only
after
he
finished
his
first
task
arranged
by
his
company
could
he
be
accepted
as
a
formal
worker.?
②只有在她读了放在邮箱的信后,她才知道她的朋友已经去国外了。
Only
after
she
read
the
letter
put
in
her
mailbox
did
she
know
her
friend
had
already
gone
abroad.?
③只有通过这种方式,我们才能按时解决问题。
Only
in
this
way
can
we
solve
the
problem
on
time.?
6.But
of
all
the
senses,
I
am
sure
that
sight
must
be
the
most
delightful.(教材P21)但是,在所有的感官中,我确信,视觉的享受一定是最令人愉快的。
语言点6
delightful
adj.令人愉快的;讨人喜欢的
情境探究
①(2018全国卷Ⅱ)So
imagine
my
delight
when
he
emailed
me
saying
he
wanted
to
come
to
visit
me.
所以当他给我发邮件说要来看我时,想象一下我多么高兴。
②She
won
the
game
easily,
to
the
delight
of
all
her
fans.
这场比赛她赢得很轻松,令所有的崇拜者大为高兴。
③I
was
absolutely
delighted
with
the
way
things
had
turned
out.
我对事情的结果感到非常高兴。
归纳拓展
(1)delight
n.高兴;快乐
v.使高兴;使快乐
to
one's
delight=to
the
delight
of
sb.使某人高兴的是
(2)delighted
adj.高兴的;愉快的;快乐的
be
delighted
to
do
sth.高兴做某事
be
delighted
by/at/with...对……高兴
头脑风暴
类似“to
one's+情感名词”的短语还有哪些?
答案:
to
one's
horror
令某人惊恐的是
to
one's
joy令某人高兴的是
to
one's
shock令某人震惊的是
to
one's
surprise/astonishment
令某人吃惊的是
to
one's
disappointment令某人失望的是
to
one's
embarrassment令某人尴尬的是
学以致用
单句填空
①To
the
delight
of
his
proud
parents,
he
has
made
a
full
recovery.
②I'd
be
delighted
to
tell(tell)
you
more
about
our
work,
if
you
have
the
time.?
③The
town
is
in
a
delightful
(delight)
situation
in
a
wide
green
valley.
7.Because
we
couldn't
see
where
anything
was,
my
friend
and
I
knocked
over
glasses
and
dropped
food.(教材P23)
由于我们看不见东西在哪里,我和朋友打翻了杯子,弄掉了食物。
语言点7
knock
over
把……打翻,撞倒
情境探究
①I
knocked
against
Mr.
Smith
in
the
park
this
afternoon.
今天下午我在公园碰到了史密斯先生。
②He
didn't
expect
to
knock
into
some
of
his
friends
here.
他没有想到在这儿遇见了一些朋友。
③He
was
knocked
down
by
a
car
and
was
rushed
to
the
hospital.
他被汽车撞倒后,随即被送进了医院。
归纳拓展
knock
at/on敲(门、窗等)
knock
against撞击,与……冲突;偶然遇到
knock
into与……相撞;偶然碰到(某人)
knock
down
撞倒;拆除,拆毁
学以致用
单句填空
①I
knocked
over
the
glass
and
spilled
the
water.
②Who
do
you
think
I
knocked
against/into
in
the
school
this
morning?
③These
old
houses
will
be
knocked
down
to
make
room
for
a
stadium.
④When
he
got
there,
he
knocked
on/at
the
door
but
no
one
answered.
8.After
failing
to
pick
up
any
food
with
a
fork
for
five
minutes,
I
decided
to
use
my
hands.
(教材P23)
用叉子叉食物用时五分钟,以失败告终后,我决定用手。
语言点8
pick
up
拿起,捡起;(跌倒后)爬起来;(开车)接;(无意中)学会;接收(信号等);改善,好转;增强
情境探究
①He
fell
but
at
once
picked
himself
up.
他跌了一跤,但马上又爬了起来。
②At
the
corner
the
bus
stopped
and
picked
up
three
people.
在街角处公共汽车停了下来,让3个人上车。
③It
took
Mary
a
long
time
to
pick
out
a
new
dress
at
the
store.
玛丽在商店里花了好长时间才挑中一件新连衣裙。
归纳拓展
pick
out精心挑选;辨认出
学以致用
赏句猜义
①He
picked
up
English
while
he
was
studying
in
London.(无意中)学会
②When
is
the
weather
going
to
pick
up?
It's
been
bad
for
weeks.好转
③We
didn't
have
a
receiver
sensitive
enough
to
pick
up
the
signal.接收
④(2018北京卷)Instead
of
walking
a
few
blocks
to
pick
up
a
child
or
the
dry
cleaning,
they
send
the
self-driving
minibus.(开车)接
9.Even
using
a
spoon,
most
of
the
soup
ended
up
on
my
shirt.(教材P23)
即使用勺子,大部分汤到头来还是溅到了我的衬衫上。
语言点9
end
up
最终;结果;到头来
情境探究
①Every
time
they
went
dancing
they
ended
up
in
a
good
mood.
每次他们去跳舞,总是尽兴而归。
②After
many
years'
hard
work,
he
ended
up
as
a
famous
novelist.
经过多年的努力,他最终成了一位著名的小说家。
③Driverless
cars
may
end
up
being
a
form
of
public
transport
rather
than
vehicles
you
own.
无人驾驶汽车可能最终会成为公共交通的一种形式,而不是你拥有的汽车。
归纳拓展
end
up
名师点津
end
up
in后接表示结果或地点的名词,end
up
with后接表示方式的名词,end
up
as后接表示身份、职务的名词。
学以致用
单句填空
①(2019全国卷Ⅱ)Somewhere
along
the
way,
the
same
parent
ends
up
becoming(become)
an
invaluable
member
of
the
team.
②She
ended
up
her
speech
with
a
short
poem.
③They're
travelling
across
Europe
by
train
and
are
planning
to
end
up
in
Moscow.
10.I
felt
embarrassed,
even
though
no
one
could
see
me.(教材P23)
尽管没人能看到我,但我感到很尴尬。
语言点10
embarrassed
adj.尴尬的,难堪的
情境探究
①It
embarrassed
me
to
have
to
give
my
opinion
in
public.
必须在公众面前发表意见使我很尴尬。
②It
can
be
embarrassing
for
children
to
tell
complete
strangers
about
such
incidents.
让孩子们向素不相识的人讲述这样的事情可能是难为他们了。
③She
suffered
extreme
embarrassment
at
not
knowing
how
to
read.
她不识字,感到非常尴尬。
归纳拓展
embarrass
v.使尴尬,使窘迫
embarrassing
adj.令人尴尬的;令人惭愧的
embarrassment
n.尴尬;窘迫
名师点津
以-ed结尾的形容词(如:ashamed、delighted、excited、frightened、interested、moved、pleased、surprised、worried等)通常用于描述人;而以-ing结尾的形容词(如delighting、exciting、frightening、interesting、moving、surprising、worrying等)主要用于描述事物。
学以致用
用embarrass的适当形式填空
①I
felt
some
embarrassment
as
we
shook
hands.
②Laura
did
not
like
to
admit
that
she
was
embarrassed
by
her
sister.
③He
made
an
embarrassing
mistake
at
the
meeting
last
weekend.
11.However,
I
still
left
the
restaurant
feeling
hungry,
though
I
was
much
more
aware
of
the
challenges
that
blind
people
face.(教材P23)然而,尽管我更加意识到盲人所面临的挑战,我仍旧饿着离开了餐馆。
语言点11
aware
adj.意识到;察觉到
情境探究
①They
suddenly
became
aware
of
people
looking
at
them.
他们突然意识到有人在看着他们。
②I'm
well
aware
that
very
few
jobs
are
available.
我知道工作机会非常少。
③The
campaign
is
intended
to
raise
public
awareness
of
protecting
our
earth.该活动旨在提高公众保护地球的意识。
归纳拓展
(1)be
aware
of/that+从句
意识到;觉察到
(2)awareness
n.知道;认识;意识
raise/increase
public
awareness
of
sth.
提高公众对某事物的意识
学以致用
单句填空
①Smokers
are
well
aware
of
the
dangers
to
their
own
health.
②(2019北京卷)Earth
Day,
marked
on
22
April,
is
an
annual
event
aiming
to
raise
public
awareness
(aware)
about
environmental
protection.
③She
was
aware
that
she
was
losing
her
sense
of
direction.
板块二　课文对译
用适当的词句补全教材原文。
Three
Days
to
See
I
have
often
thought
it
would
be
a
blessing①
if
each
human
being
were
stricken
blind
and
deaf
for
a
few
days
at
some
time
during
his
early
adult
life.
Darkness
would
make
him
more
appreciative
of②
sight;silence
would
teach
him
the
joys
of
sound.?
[文本解读]开篇点题,从句使用虚拟语气。
假如给我三天光明
我常常思忖,如果每个人在他的青年时期都有一段时间看不见、听不见,那会是一件幸事①,因为黑暗会使人更加珍惜②视力,静默能教会人享受声音的美妙。
　　Now
and
then
I
have
tested
my
seeing
friends
to
discover
what
they
see.
Recently,
I
asked
a
friend
who
had
just
returned
from
a
long
walk
in
the
woods
what
she
had
observed.
“Nothing
in
particular,”
she
replied.
[文本解读]本段举例承接上文,observed与第一段中blind及sight相呼应。
　　我时常询问我那些看得见的朋友们,想了解他们看到了什么。最近,我问一个从林子里散步了许久回来的朋友观察到了什么,她答道:“没什么特别的。”
　　How
was
it
possible,
I
asked
myself,
to
walk
for
an
hour
through
the
woods
and
see
nothing
worthy
of
note?
I
who
cannot
see
find
hundreds
of
things
to
interest
me
through
mere③
touch.
If
I
can
get
so
much
pleasure
from
touch,
how
much
more
beauty
must
be
revealed
by
sight?
And
I
have
imagined
what
I
should
most
like
to
see
if
I
were
given
the
use
of
my
eyes,
say
for
just
three
days.
[文本解读]本段首句以疑问句承接上文,末句含有if引导的条件状语从句,使用了虚拟语气,恰到好处地引出下文三天的见闻。
　　我问自己,在林子里散步一小时之久却没有看到任何值得注意的东西,这怎么可能呢?我一个看不见的人,仅仅③通过触觉,就能发现成百上千件引起我兴趣的东西。如果仅仅通过触觉就能得到如此多的快乐,那么视觉能展现多少美好的事物啊。我想象过,如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉,哪怕只有三天,我最希望看到什么。
　　On
the
first
day,
I
should
want
to
see
the
people
whose
kindness
and
gentleness
and
companionship
have
made
my
life
worth
living.
I
do
not
know
what
it
is
to
see
into
the
heart
of
a
friend
through
that
“window
of
the
soul”,
the
eye.
I
can
only
“see”
through
my
fingertips
the
outline
of
a
face.
I
should
like
to
see
the
books
which
have
been
read
to
me,
and
which
have
revealed
to
me
the
deepest
channels
of
human
life
and
the
human
spirit.
In
the
afternoon
I
should
take
a
long
walk
in
the
woods
and
intoxicate
my
eyes
on
the
beauties
of
the
world
of
nature.
That
night,
I
should
not
be
able
to
sleep.
[文本解读]第一天,“我”怀着感恩的心“观察”这个多姿多彩的世界,精神获得满足的同时,内心也感到兴奋不已,难以入眠。
　　第一天,我想见见身边的人,他们用善良、温柔和陪伴使我的生命变得有价值。我不知道通过“心灵的窗户”——眼睛来了解一个朋友是怎样一种体验。因为我只能通过我的指尖“看见”朋友的面部轮廓。我还要看书,那些别人读给我的书,那些为我揭示了人生和人类精神的深刻奥秘的书。到了下午,我要在树林中散步,让我的目光陶醉在大自然世界的美景中。这个夜晚,我夜不能寐。
　　On
my
second
day,
I
should
like
to
see
the
pageant
of
man's
progress,
and
I
should
go
to
the
museums.
I
should
try
to
probe
into
the
soul
of
man
through
his
art.
The
things
I
knew
through
touch
I
should
now
see.
The
evening
of
my
second
day
I
should
spend
at
a
theater
or
at
the
movies.
[文本解读]第二天,通过艺术探究人的精神世界。
　　第二天,我想看人类发展的奇观,我要去博物馆。我要通过人类的艺术探究人类的灵魂。那些之前通过触摸知晓的事物,我现在要亲眼看一看。而这一天的傍晚,
我要在剧院或电影院度过。
　　The
following
morning,
I
should
again
greet
the
dawn,
anxious
to
discover
new
delights,
new
revelations
of
beauty.
Today
I
shall
spend
in
the
workaday
world,
amid
the
haunts
of
men
going
about
the
business
of
life.
[文本解读]第三天,渴望发现幸福、揭示美,回归到具有烟火气的日常生活中。
　　第三天清晨,我将再次迎接黎明,热切地去探索更多愉悦,发现更多美好。这天我将在平凡的世界里度过,在为生活奔波的人们常去的地方度过。
　　At
midnight
permanent
night
would
close
in
on④
me
again.
Only
when
darkness
had
again
descended
upon⑤
me
should
I
realize
how
much
I
had
left
unseen.?
[文本解读]“我”多么希冀光明永远伴“我”左右。
　　午夜,永恒的黑暗将再次把我笼罩④。唯有在黑暗再次来袭⑤时,我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。
　　I
who
am
blind
can
give
one
hint
to⑥
those
who
see:
Use
your
eyes
as
if
tomorrow
you
would
be
stricken
blind.
And
the
same
method
can
be
applied
to
the
other
senses.
Hear
the
music
of
voices,
the
song
of
a
bird,
the
mighty
strains
of
an
orchestra,
as
if
you
would
be
stricken
deaf
tomorrow.
Touch
each
object
you
want
to
touch
as
if
tomorrow
your
tactile
sense
would
fail.
Smell
the
perfume
of
flowers,
taste
with
relish
each
morsel,
as
if
tomorrow
you
could
never
smell
and
taste
again.
But
of
all
the
senses,
I
am
sure
that
sight
must
be
the
most
delightful⑦.?
[文本解读]as
if排比句更具吸引力、更能引起读者的共鸣,同时也体现了“我”坚强乐观的人生态度。
　　我,一个盲人,可以给那些看得见的人一个忠告⑥:要像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛。同样的方法也能用于其他感官:要像明天就要惨遭失聪之痛一样,去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的歌唱、交响乐的震撼音符;要像明天就会失去触觉一样,去触摸你想感觉的每一件物品;要像明天就会丧失嗅觉和味觉一样,去细嗅花香,细品美食。但是,在所有的感官中,我确信,视觉的享受一定是最令人愉快的⑦。
　　(Excerpts
from
“Three
Days
to
See”
by
Helen
Keller)
　　(节选自海伦·凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》)
Ⅰ.语境填词
　　根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.The
fine
weather
has
been
a
blessing(幸事)
for
farmers.
2.I've
learned
to
be
more
appreciative(感激的)
of
what
I
own.
3.My
dad
spends
his
free
time
working
for
a
few
local
worthy(值得赞赏的)
causes.
4.She
lost
the
election
by
a
mere(仅仅)
20
votes.
5.The
old
man's
anger
disappeared,
and
gentleness(和蔼)
came
to
him
again.
6.She
drew
the
outline(轮廓)
of
the
boat
and
then
coloured
it
in.
7.We
decided
to
make
the
arrangement
permanent(长久的).
8.She
could
hear
the
strains(旋律)
of
Mozart
through
the
window.
9.He
began
to
produce
literary(文学的)
compositions
in
English.
10.She
felt
embarrassed(尴尬的)
about
undress
in
front
of
the
doctor.
Ⅱ.语境选词
　　根据语境和提示词用短语的正确形式填空。
appreciative
of,
worthy
of
note,
go
about,
descend
on,
apply
to,
give
one
hint
to,
knock
over,
pick
up
1.I'm
very
appreciative
of
all
the
support
you've
given
me.?
2.That
bit
of
the
form
is
only
for
the
UK
citizens,
so
it
doesn't
apply
to
you.
?
3.The
last
two
points
in
this
report
are
especially
worthy
of
note.?
4.Millions
of
tourists
descend
on
the
area
every
year.?
5.He
picked
up
a
wallet
when
crossing
the
street.?
6.We
must
go
about
our
work
or
we'll
fall
behind
the
schedule.?
7.It
was
John
that
knocked
over
the
bottle
on
the
table.?
8.The
doctor
gave
one
hint
to
Tom
on
how
to
keep
fit.?
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.我最喜欢听音乐,因为听音乐可以使我放松。(make+宾语+宾语补足语)
I
like
listening
to
music
best,
because
listening
to
music
can
make
me
relaxed.
?
2.只有戴上口罩,你才能进入办公楼。(部分倒装)
Only
if
you
wear
the
mask
can
you
enter
the
office
building.
?
3.我相信中国将会把更多的宇宙飞船发射到太空中去。(sure)
I'm
sure
that
China
will
send
more
spaceships
into
space.
?
4.拍完照之后,我给了他们一些钱和一块饼干。(状语从句的省略)
I
gave
them
some
money
and
a
biscuit
after
taking
this
photo.
?
5.老人为这对情侣买了房子,希望有一天他们能够结婚。(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
The
old
man
bought
a
house
for
the
couple,
hoping
that
they
can
marry
one
day.
?
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Helen
Keller
wrote
a
book,
Three
Days
to
See,
in
1.which
she
expressed
what
she
would
have
done
if
she
2.had
been
(be)
given
the
use
of
her
eyes
for
just
three
days.
?
On
the
first
day,
she
should
most
like
to
see
the
people
whose
kindness,
3.gentleness(gentle)
and
companionship
have
made
her
life
worth
4.living
(live).
She
should
see
the
5.books
(book)
which
have
been
read
to
her,
and
which
have
revealed
to
her
the
deepest
channels
of
human
life
and
the
human
spirit.
In
the
afternoon,
she
should
take
6.a
long
walk
in
the
woods
intoxicating
7.her(she)
eyes
on
the
beauties
of
the
world
of
nature.
On
her
second
day,
she
should
like
to
go
to
the
museums
trying
to
probe
into
the
soul
of
man
through
his
art.
She
should
spend
the
evening
at
a
theater
or
at
the
movies.
On
the
third
day,
she
should
again
8.eagerly
(eager)
greet
the
dawn,
anxious
9.to
discover(discover)
new
delights
and
beauty.
She
should
spend
the
day
in
the
workaday
world,
amid
the
haunts
of
men
going
about
the
business
of
life.
At
midnight,
permanent
night
would
close
in
10.on
her
and
only
then
should
she
realize
how
much
she
had
left
unseen.?
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.I
am
always
quick
to
point
out
that
both
issues
are
worthy
of
serious
research.
2.The
medicine
won't
cure
her—it
merely
(mere)
stops
the
pain.
3.There
is
a
delightful
(delight)
little
garden
behind
the
house.
4.Poor
Jack
felt
embarrassed
(embarrass)
at
not
having
enough
money
for
a
tip.
5.This
model
not
only
applies
to
reading
texts,
but
also
to
finding
these
texts.
6.In
large
classes,
children
feel
that
they
cannot
interact
with
the
teacher.
7.He
knocked
over
his
coffee
cup.
It
went
right
over
the
keyboard.
8.After
working
her
way
around
the
world,
she
ended
up
teaching
(teach)
English
as
a
foreign
language.
9.We
were
quite
aware
of
how
you
would
respond
to
our
terms.
10.Each
morning
Stevenson
would
take
the
kids
out
for
a
long
walk
over
the
hills.
Ⅱ.同义替换
blessing,
appreciative,
probe,
delight,
in
particular,
now
and
then,
go
about,
descend
on
1.More
local
employment
will
be
created,
particularly
in
service
industries.
(in
particular)
2.Occasionally,
she
would
glance
up
at
the
clock.
(Now
and
then)
3.This
picture
tells
us
a
simple
truth:
Grateful
words
are
the
most
powerful
force
on
earth!
(Appreciative)
4.The
children
are
busy
with
their
homework
very
seriously
tonight.
(going
about)
?
5.It
was
a
lucky
thing
that
no
one
was
killed
in
the
accident.
(blessing)
?
6.You
have
no
right
to
start
researching
into
my
personal
life.
(probing)
7.It
was
a
pleasure
to
see
him
so
fit
and
healthy.
(delight)
8.Crowds
of
tourists
arrived
at
the
tiny
church
unexpectedly.
(descended
on)
?
Ⅲ.教材原句翻译
1.黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力,静默能教会人享受声音的美妙。
Darkness
would
make
him
more
appreciative
of
sight;silence
would
teach
him
the
joys
of
sound.?
2.我一个看不见的人,仅仅通过触觉,就能发现成百上千件引起我兴趣的东西。
I
who
cannot
see
find
hundreds
of
things
to
interest
me
through
mere
touch.?
3.唯有在黑暗再次来袭时,我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。
Only
when
darkness
had
again
descended
upon
me
should
I
realize
how
much
I
had
left
unseen.?
4.最近我在“黑暗餐厅”吃饭,在那里人们在完全黑暗的环境下吃饭,由盲人服务员服务。
Recently
I
dined
at
a
“dark
restaurant”,
where
people
eat
in
complete
darkness,
served
by
blind
staff.?
5.我的味觉和嗅觉变得更加敏感,我吃得慢多了,努力猜测我吃的是什么食物。
My
senses
of
taste
and
smell
became
more
sensitive,
and
I
ate
much
more
slowly,
trying
to
guess
what
I
was
eating.?
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(2020哈尔滨六中期末考试)
Born
blind
is
tough
in
any
case.
But
things
were
even
harder
for
Srikanth
Bolla
who
was
born
in
a
small
village
in
India,
where
the
common
belief
was
that
kids
with
disabilities
were
“of
no
use”
and
therefore,
better
off
dead.
Fortunately,
Srikanth's
parents
loved
their
son
and
refused
to
give
him
up.
Instead,
they
encouraged
the
blind
boy
to
dream
big
and
reach
the
star.
Srikanth
did
not
disappoint
his
parents.
Now
the
twenty-four-year-old
is
the
founder
of
Bollant
Industries.
Of
course,
getting
here
was
not
easy.
Being
both
blind
and
poor
meant
that
Srikanth
had
to
face
hard
challenges.
As
a
young
boy,
Srikanth
attended
a
regular
school
near
his
home.
Unfortunately,
the
students
and
teachers
didn't
quite
like
him
because
of
his
disability.
As
a
result,
the
young
boy
was
largely
ignored
and
often
spent
the
entire
day
alone.
Concerned
this
would
hold
back
Srikanth's
development,
his
family
decided
to
send
him
to
a
special
school
in
Hyderabad.
Sure
enough,
the
young
boy
soon
rose
to
the
top
of
his
class,
earning
awards
in
speech
and
debate
competitions.
But
Srikanth
was
prevented
from
studying
sciences
when
he
reached
10th
grade,
because
it
was
thought
too
“dangerous”
for
a
blind
student.
But
he
didn't
give
up,
Srikanth
took
legal
action
and
became
the
first
blind
student
in
the
country
allowed
to
study
sciences.
After
graduating
from
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology,
Srikanth
set
up
Bollant
Industries
in
2012.For
just
four
years,
it
has
become
a
powerhouse
with
over
450
employees,
70%
of
whom
are
physically
challenged.
Being
disabled
doesn't
mean
being
unable.
“If
the
world
looks
at
me
and
says,‘Srikanth,
you
can
do
nothing,’
I
will
look
back
at
the
world
and
say
I
can
do
anything,”
the
young
man
says.
1.Why
was
Srikanth
sent
to
a
special
school?
A.His
parents
became
richer
than
before.
B.He
could
be
treated
equally
there.
C.This
school
was
free
for
disabled
students.
D.He
was
sent
away
by
the
regular
school.
2.What
can
we
know
about
Srikanth
from
the
text?
A.He
was
born
in
a
poor
village.
B.He
cared
about
disabled
people.
C.His
parents
were
strict
with
him
in
his
study.
D.He
was
loved
by
the
villagers
when
he
was
young.
3.What
words
can
best
describe
Srikanth?
A.Intelligent
and
determined.
B.Active
and
honest.
C.Patient
and
careful.
D.Kind
but
stubborn.
4.What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Chances
Are
Everywhere
B.No
Challenges,
No
Success
C.Big
Dream
Makes
a
Difference
D.Disability
doesn't
Mean
Being
Unable
答案
[语篇解读]　本文讲述了一出生就双目失明的
Srikanth在父母的精心抚育下面对挑战,创建了自己的公司,为家乡的残疾人提供就业机会的故事。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的the
young
boy
was
largely
ignored
and
often
spent
the
entire
day
alone可知,在正规学校里,因为他的残疾,这个年轻的男孩大多被忽视,经常一整天一个人待着,所以父母决定送他去一所特殊的学校。故选B。
2.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的For
just
four
years,
it
has
become
a
powerhouse
with
over
450
employees,
70%
of
whom
are
physically
challenged.可知,仅仅四年时间,它已经成为一个拥有450多名员工的大集团,其中70%的员工面临身体上的挑战。从雇用的工人来看,他很关心残疾人并给他们提供就业的机会。故选B。
3.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的Sure
enough,
the
young
boy
soon
rose
to
the
top
of
his
class,
earning
awards
in
speech
and
debate
competitions.
But
Srikanth
was
prevented
from
studying
sciences
when
he
reached
l0th
grade...But
he
didn't
give
up,
Srikanth
took
legal
action
and
became
the
first
blind
student
in
the
country
allowed
to
study
sciences.可知,很快成为班上的尖子生,可见他很聪明,十年级的时候被禁止学习科学,但是他没有放弃他通过法律行动,成为这个国家第一个被允许学习科学的盲人学生。由此可见,他是一个有决心、有毅力的人。故选A。
4.D　主旨大意题。本文讲述了一出生就双目失明的Srikanth,在父母的精心抚育下面对挑战,创建了自己的公司,为家乡的残疾人提供就业机会的故事。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020北京师大附中期中考试)
Develop
Note-Taking
Skills
Speech
students
are
often
amazed
at
how
easily
their
teacher
can
pick
out
a
speaker's
main
points,
evidence,
and
techniques.
Of
course,
the
teacher
knows
what
to
listen
for
and
has
had
plenty
of
practice.
But
the
next
time
you
get
an
opportunity,
watch
your
teacher
during
a
speech.
Chances
are
she
or
he
will
be
listening
with
a
pen
and
paper.
　1　?
Unfortunately,
many
people
don't
take
notes
effectively.
Some
try
to
write
down
everything
a
speaker
says.
They
view
note-taking
as
a
race,
pitting
their
handwriting
agility(敏捷)
against
the
speaker's
rate
of
speech.
　2　
But
soon
the
speaker
is
winning
the
race.
The
speaker
pulls
so
far
ahead
that
the
note
taker
can
never
catch
up.
Finally,
the
note
taker
admits
defeat
and
spends
the
rest
of
the
speech
grumbling
in
frustration.?
　3　
They
arrive
armed
with
pens,
notebooks,
and
the
best
of
intentions.
They
know
they
can't
write
down
everything,
so
they
settle
comfortably
in
their
seats
and
wait
for
the
speaker
to
say
something
that
grabs
their
attention.
Every
once
in
a
while
the
speaker
rewards
them
with
a
joke,
a
dramatic
story,
or
a
startling
fact.
Then
the
note
taker
seizes
the
pen,
jots
down
a
few
words,
and
leans
back
dreamily
to
await
the
next
fascinating
tidbit(趣闻).
By
the
end
of
the
lecture
the
note
taker
has
a
set
of
tidbits—and
little
or
no
record
of
the
speaker's
important
ideas.
?
As
these
examples
illustrate,
they
don't
know
what
to
listen
for,
and
they
don't
know
how
to
record
what
they
do
listen
for.
　4　
But
once
you
know
what
to
listen
for,
you
still
need
a
sound
method
of
note
taking.?
Although
there
are
a
number
of
systems,
most
students
find
the
key-word
outline
best
for
listening
to
speeches.
As
its
name
suggests,
this
method
briefly
notes
a
speaker's
main
points
and
supporting
evidence
in
rough(粗略的)
outline
form.
By
separating
main
points
from
sub-points
and
evidence,
the
outline
format
shows
the
relationships
among
the
speaker's
ideas.
　5　
But
with
a
little
effort
you
will
become
a
better
note
taker.
?
A.Perfecting
this
note-taking
requires
practice.
B.Some
people
go
to
the
opposite
extreme.
C.As
the
speaker
starts
to
talk,
the
note
taker
starts
to
write.
D.Taking
effective
notes
usually
helps
you
receive
higher
grades.
E.Most
inefficient
note
takers
suffer
from
one
or
both
of
two
problems.
F.When
note-taking
is
done
properly,
it
is
sure
to
keep
track
of
a
speaker's
ideas.
G.The
solution
to
the
first
problem
is
to
focus
on
a
speaker's
main
points
and
evidence.
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章关于培养记笔记的技能举出了两个错误例子,然后提出了有效的记笔记的方法:根据关键词列出提纲。
1.F　考查段尾句和逻辑关系。根据第一段第一句“Speech
students
are
often
amazed
at
how
easily
their
teacher
can
pick
out
a
speaker's
main
points,
evidence,
and
techniques.”可知,学生们常常惊讶于他们的老师能如此轻易地找到演讲者的主要观点、证据和技巧。记笔记时抓住演讲者的观点很重要,F选项“When
note
taking
is
done
properly,
it
is
sure
to
keep
track
of
a
speaker's
ideas.”(如果笔记做得恰当,肯定能记住演讲者的想法。)切题。故选F。
2.C　考查段中承上启下句。根据第二段中的“Some
try
to
write
down
everything
a
speaker
says.
They
view
note
taking
as
a
race,
pitting
their
handwriting
agility
against
the
speaker's
rate
of
speech.”(有些人试着把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来。他们把记笔记看成是一场赛跑,将他们的书写灵活性与演讲者的说话速度对决。),可知,为了把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来,演讲者开始讲话时,记录者就开始记录。C选项“As
the
speaker
starts
to
talk,
the
note
taker
starts
to
write.”(当演讲者开始讲话时,记录者就开始写。)切题。故选C项。
3.B　考查段首主题句。根据第二段中的“Some
try
to
write
down
everything
a
speaker
says.”(有些人试着把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来。)和第三段中的“They
know
they
can't
write
down
everything,
so
they
settle
comfortably
in
their
seats
and
wait
for
the
speaker
to
say
something
that
grabs
their
attention...
By
the
end
of
the
lecture
the
note
taker
has
a
set
of
tidbits—and
little
or
no
record
of
the
speaker's
important
ideas.”(他们知道不能把所有东西都写下来,所以他们舒服地坐在座位上,等着演讲人说点吸引他们注意力的话……在讲座结束时,只记录一些趣闻——很少或根本没有记录演讲者的主要观点。),可知作者在第二段和第三段分别描述了两种相反的极端现象。B选项“Some
people
go
to
the
opposite
extreme.”(有些人走向了相反的极端。)切题。故选B项。
4.G　考查段中承接句。根据空格前文“As
these
examples
illustrate,
they
don't
know
what
to
listen
for,
and
they
don't
know
how
to
record
what
they
do
listen
for.”(
这些例子说明,他们不知道听什么,也不知道如何记录他们所听的内容。)可知,作者列出了两个问题,G选项“The
solution
to
the
first
problem
is
to
focus
on
a
speaker's
main
points
and
evidence.”(第一个问题的解决方法是集中在演讲者的主要观点和证据上。)切题。故选G项。
5.A　考查段中承上启下句。根据空格后一句“But
with
a
little
effort
you
will
become
a
better
note
taker.”(但是稍加努力你就会成为一个更好的记笔记的人。),可推断和前一句是转折关系,选项A“Perfecting
this
note-taking
requires
practice.”(完善记笔记需要练习。)切题。故选A项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020山东泰安一中期中考试)
A
museum
has
managed
to
draw
in
lots
of
visitors
to
learn
about
　1　
century-old
duck
recipe
and
sample
the
dish.
The
Sanzhenzhai
museum,
　2　
(locate)
next
to
the
Wuzhen
scenic
spot,
covers
an
area
of
5,000
square
meters.
It
　3　
(build)
for
the
public
to
understand
the
brand's
culture.
“We
attempt
　4　
(ride)
on
the
wave
of
Wuzhen's
increasingly
hot
tourism
and
improve
our
brand's
fame
and
sales,”
says
Lu
Fengxue,
the
sales
manager
of
Sanzhenzhai.
The
brand
was
born
in
Wuzhen
in
1848
and
has
been
famous
　5　
the
distinctive(独特的)
taste
of
its
duck
products.
Now,
Sanzhenzhai
has
nearly
100
　6　
(store)
across
the
country.
The
museum
　7　
(become)
a
hit
since
it
opened
at
the
end
of
October.
Approximately
70
buses
drop
by
the
museum
on
a
daily
basis,
　8　
translates
to
roughly
7,000
tourists.
Tourists
　9　
(typical)
choose
three
ducks
at
100
yuan,
according
to
Lu.“　10　
(we)
products
are
especially
popular
with
the
middle-aged
and
seniors,”
says
Lu.
?
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　?
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　本文讲述乌镇的一家博物馆设法吸引了许多游客,来了解一个百年老鸭的配方并品尝这道菜。
1.a　考查冠词。表示一个世纪,相当于one,故填a。
2.located　考查过去分词。located
next
to
the
Wuzhen
scenic
spot为过去分词短语作后置定语。
3.was
built　考查时态及语态。句子主语和build之间是被动关系,描述过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was
built。
4.to
ride　考查不定式。attempt
to
do
sth.试图做某事,故填to
ride。
5.for　考查介词。be
popular
for由于……而出名,故填介词for。
6.stores　考查名词复数。store为可数名词,前面有100修饰,所以用复数,故填stores。
7.has
become　考查时态。since引导时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,主语为单数名词,故填has
become。
8.which　考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为物,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故用which引导这个非限制性定语从句。
9.typically　考查副词。修饰动词,所以用副词,故填typically。
10.Our　考查形容词性物主代词。设空处放在名词前面,所以用形容词性物主代词,故填Our。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
(2020河南周口期末考试)
假设你是李华,你的同学Jack来自英国,请根据以下写作要点写一篇周记,记述你和家人与Jack共度中秋节的经历。
写作要点:
1.活动策划;
2.活动的内容;
3.你的感想。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
答案
One
possible
version:
August
15th
of
the
lunar
calendar
was
the
Mid-Autumn
Festival.
To
help
Jack
better
understand
our
Chinese
culture,
I
held
a
party
with
my
classmate
Jack
and
my
family
for
the
special
day.
On
the
afternoon
of
lunar
August
15th,
I
bought
various
mooncakes
as
well
as
some
fruits
and
nuts.?
Night
fell.
We
went
outside
into
the
yard,
where
we
sat
on
the
grass,
enjoying
the
mooncakes
while
admiring
the
biggest
and
brightest
moon.
I
told
some
beautiful
legends
of
the
origin
of
the
festival.
He
was
amazed.
I
also
sang
songs
for
the
festival
and
we
had
some
photos
taken
together.
We
enjoyed
the
night
very
much
and
Jack
had
a
great
time.?
What
an
unforgettable
experience!?Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Section
Ⅵ　Writing
在黑暗中用餐
最近我在“黑暗餐厅”吃饭,在那里人们在完全黑暗的环境下吃饭,由盲人服务员服务。我想了解失明的经历,我认为吃东西是最困难的活动。
吃这顿饭很难。由于我们看不见东西在哪里,我和朋友打翻了杯子,弄掉了食物。我的味觉和嗅觉变得更加敏感,我吃得慢多了,努力猜测我吃的食物是什么。倒水很困难,还有,我一直用我朋友的杯子喝水。
用叉子叉食物用时五分钟,以失败告终后,我决定用手。我俯下身,想吃米饭和蔬菜,但相反,却把手伸进了一碗热乎乎的浓汤里。“这道菜最好是用勺子,”服务员在我耳边说,他帮了我的忙,但为时已晚。即使用勺子,大部分汤到头来还是溅到了我的衬衫上。尽管没人能看到我,但我感到很尴尬。
服务员建议我们把盘子和碗举着,靠近面部。然而,尽管我更加意识到盲人所面临的挑战,我仍旧饿着离开了餐馆。
　　假定你是李华,曾经在一所聋哑学校做过助教,请根据以下要点用英文写一篇作文,讲一讲你的助教经历。
1.一位失去生活信心的失聪女孩Jean在你的帮助下重拾生活信心;
2.当时你遇到的最大困难是沟通障碍;
3.你是如何克服困难的并学到了什么。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
写作指导
描写一次经历属于以记人叙事为主要内容,以叙述为主要表达方式的文体。在写作时,要交代清楚时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和事件(what),然后再进一步叙述事件(what)、原因(why)和过程(how)。
1.写作时应注意的问题:
(1)正确运用时态。最常用到的时态是一般过去时和过去进行时,但也要注意灵活运用其他时态。
(2)常用第一人称,从“参与者”的角度进行叙述。
(3)要重视句子的衔接,用好过渡词。
2.写作的一般步骤:
(1)交代此次经历发生的时间、地点和相关人物;
(2)推动情节发展;
(3)介绍经历的结果或谈自己的感想。
审题谋篇
词汇储备
1.embarrassed
adj.难堪的,尴尬的
2.delightful
adj.令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的
3.companionship
n.友谊;友好交往
4.upset
adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的
5.nevertheless
adv.然而,不过
词汇运用
1.总之,帮助Jean重拾生活信心是一次愉快的经历。
On
the
whole,
helping
Jean
restore
her
confidence
in
life
is
a
delightful
experience.?
2.我面对的最大的困难是沟通障碍。
The
biggest
difficulty
I
faced
was
the
communication
barriers.?
3.此外,我尽一切努力与她建立友谊及互相的信任。
Furthermore,
I
made
every
effort
to
establish
companionship
and
mutual
trust
with
her.?
句式升级
1.用it作形式主语改写句(1)。
On
the
whole,
it
is
a
delightful
experience
to
help
Jean
restore
her
confidence
in
life.?
2.将句(2)改为强调句。
It
was
the
communication
barriers
that
were
the
biggest
difficulty
I
faced.?
串句成文
　　(使用meanwhile等恰当的衔接词)
On
the
whole,
it
is
a
delightful
experience
to
help
Jean
restore
her
confidence
in
life.
In
my
memory,
the
first
time
we
met,
she
was
always
upset,
making
me
embarrassed.
Meanwhile,
it
was
the
communication
barriers
that
were
the
biggest
difficulty
I
faced.
Nevertheless,
I
made
it.
First,
I
advised
her
to
gather
courage
to
confront
the
difficulties
instead
of
escaping
from
them.
Furthermore,
I
made
every
effort
to
establish
companionship
and
mutual
trust
with
her.?
Fortunately,
what
I
got
from
this
experience
is
that
confidence
and
determination
can
really
contribute
to
our
success
and
that
everyone
should
be
confident
about
life.?
　　阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Life
is
filled
with
challenges.
As
we
get
older
we
come
to
realize
that
those
challenges
are
the
very
things
that
come
with
friendship.
When
we
are
faced
with
a
challenge,
we
usually
have
two
choices:
we
can
try
to
beat
it
off(击退),
or
we
can
decide
that
the
thing
presenting
the
challenge
isn't
worth
the
trouble
and
stop
doing
it.
Although
there
are
certainly
times
when
stopping
is
the
right
thing
to
do,
in
most
cases
all
that
is
needed
is
commitment(投入)
and
communication.
When
we
are
committed
to
something,
it
means
that
no
matter
how
painful
or
how
uncomfortable
something
is,
we
will
always
choose
to
face
it
and
work
it
through
instead
of
running
away
from
it.
Communication
is
making
space
for
discussion
and
talking
about
how
you
feel
instead
of
just
saying
what
the
other
person
did
wrong.
If
you
can
say
to
a
friend
“I
got
my
feelings
hurt.”
instead
of
“You
hurt
my
feelings.”,
you
are
going
to
be
able
to
solve
the
problem
much
faster.
In
dealing
with
many
challenges
that
friendship
will
bring
to
you,
try
to
see
them
for
what
they
are:
small
hurdles(障碍)
you
need
to
jump
or
get
over
on
your
way
through
life.
Nothing
is
so
big
that
it
is
impossible
to
get
over,
and
hurt
is
only
to
serve
to
make
us
stronger.
It's
all
part
of
growing
up,
and
it
happens
to
everyone,
and
some
day
you
will
look
back
on
all
of
this
and
say,
“Hard
as
it
was,
it
made
me
who
I
am
today.
And
that
is
a
good
thing.”
写作指导
Step
1　通读全文,理清结构
主旨大意:文章共四段,论述如何面对挑战以及迎接挑战对我们自身成长的益处。基本可以确定
challenge、commitment、communication为关键词。
文章结构:
第一段:生活中充满挑战,挑战伴随着友谊而出现。
第二段:当我们面对挑战时,我们会做出两种选择:勇敢地战胜它或选择逃避。但更多的时候,我们需要的是投入与沟通。
第三段:投入工作,迎接挑战意味着面对问题并解决问题,而沟通意味着为讨论留出空间,避免指责他人。
第四段:战胜挑战会使我们更加成熟、强大,挑战帮助我们成长。
Step
2　删繁就简,提炼要点
第一段:Life
is
filled
with
challenges,
and
challenges
are
the
very
things
that
come
with
friendship.
第二段:In
most
cases
all
that
is
needed
is
commitment
and
communication
when
we
are
faced
with
a
challenge.
?
第三段:We
will
always
choose
to
face
it
and
work
it
through
instead
of
running
away
from
it.
Communication
is
making
space
for
discussion
and
talking
about
how
you
feel
instead
of
just
saying
what
the
other
person
did
wrong.?
第四段:It's
all
part
of
growing
up,
and
it
happens
to
everyone,
and
some
day
you
will
look
back
on
all
of
this
and
say,
“Hard
as
it
was,
it
made
me
who
I
am
today.
And
that
is
a
good
thing.”?
Step
3　合并改写,润色升级
要点1:Life
is
full
of
challenges
that
come
with
friendship.(对原要点语义转换)?
要点2:In
most
cases,
when
dealing
with
such
a
challenge,
commitment
and
communication
are
what
we
need.
(用状语从句的省略;用what引导名词性从句)?
要点3:Commitment
means
facing
it
and
working
it
through
while
communication
means
making
space
for
discussion
and
avoiding
blaming
others.
?
(choose
to
face改为mean
facing;saying
what
the
other
person
did
wrong改为blaming
others)
要点4:Remember
that
challenges
actually
do
us
good
for
they
are
part
of
growing
up,
making
who
we
are
today.
(用do
sb.
good)?
Step
4　联句成篇,复查誊写
通读初稿内容并进行仔细检查,可以从以下几方面进行重点审查:①所写概要覆盖了原文的全部要点信息,且各要点的表达相对独立。②全文在语言上没有语法或用词的错误,文章结构紧凑且上下句连贯通顺。③标点符号运用准确,单词拼写没有错误。④词数符合要求,总词数在60左右(不少于40,不超过80)。最后,把检查无误的初稿誊写到答卷上,保持书写规范,字迹清晰。
Life
is
full
of
challenges
that
come
with
friendship.(要点1)In
most
cases,
when
dealing
with
such
a
challenge,
commitment
and
communication
are
what
we
need.
(要点2)Commitment
means
facing
it
and
working
it
through
while
communication
means
making
space
for
discussion
and
avoiding
blaming
others.
(要点3)Remember
that
challenges
actually
do
us
good
for
they
are
part
of
growing
up,
making
who
we
are
today.
(要点4)?Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Section
Ⅶ　Expanding
your
world
Ⅰ.单词分层默写
1.单词拼写
①debt
n.债务,欠款
②pace
n.速度,进度
③dread
v.畏惧,惧怕
④overnight
adv.突然,一下子
⑤nevertheless
adv.然而,不过
⑥outcome
n.结果,后果
⑦worthwhile
adj.重要的,值得做的
⑧blanket
n.毯子,毛毯
⑨contest
n.比赛,竞赛
⑩worthy
adj.值得尊敬的;值得赞赏的
outline
n.外形,轮廓
permanent
adj.长久的;永久的
strains
of音乐的曲调或旋律?
2.拓展单词
①rarely
adv.很少,难得→rare
adj.稀少的;稀罕的;珍贵的
②rejection
n.拒绝,否决→reject
v.拒绝,不接受
③criticism
n.批评;指责→criticise
v.批评;批判;挑剔;指责→critic
n.评论家;批评者→critical
adj.批评的;批判性的;挑剔的
④classic
n.名著;经典作品adj.典型的,第一流的→classical
adj.古典的;经典的;传统的
⑤guarantee
v.保证;确保→guaranteed
adj.必然的;确定会发生的
⑥enthusiastic
adj.热心的,热衷的→enthusiasm
n.热情;热心;热忱→enthusiast
n.热衷于……的人;热心者,爱好者
⑦upset
adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的;v.使烦恼,使生气
n.混乱,困扰→upsetting
adj.令人不快(或忧虑、苦恼)的
⑧elect
v.选举,推选→election
n.选举,推选→elector
n.有选举权的人;选民→elective
adj.选举的,选任的;由选举产生的;选修的
n.选修课程
⑨blessing
n.幸事,幸运→bless
v.祈求上帝祝福
⑩appreciative
adj.感激的→appreciate
v.感激,感谢;欣赏,赏识→appreciation
n.感激,感谢;欣赏
mere
adj.仅仅,只不过→merely
adv.仅仅,只不过
gentleness
n.和蔼,温和→gentle
adj.温和的,温柔的,柔和的→gently
adv.温柔地;温和地;文静地;和缓地
literary
adj.文学的→literature
n.文学,文学作品;文献
embarrassed
adj.难堪的,尴尬的→embarrassing
adj.令人尴尬的→embarrass
v.使窘迫,使尴尬→embarrassment
n.害羞;窘迫;愧疚;难堪
Ⅱ.短语搭配翻译
1.regret
to
do对做……感到遗憾?
2.take
for
example以……为例?
3.have...in
common
with与……有共同点?
4.stick...on粘上
5.turn
down拒绝;调低(音量或热度)?
6.a
total
of总共,总计,总数为?
7.struggle
to
do努力做;挣扎着去做?
8.dream
of梦想
?
9.in
print(指书)已印好,可买到;(指作品)已印出,已出版?
10.under...names用……名字
11.play
a
part起作用;扮演角色
?
12.(be)
appreciative
of感激……,感谢……?
13.in
particular特别地;尤其是?
14.worthy
of
note值得注意?
15.probe
into调查,探究
?
16.go
about着手做,处理
?
17.close
in
on逼近,围住?
18.descend
on/upon降临;突然到达
?
19.apply
to申请;适用于
?
20.give
one
hint
to给……一点提示?
21.care
about关心;担心?
22.interact
with和……交流;和……相互作用?
23.pick
up拿起,拾起;跌倒后爬起;(开车)接,取;(无意中)学会;接收信号?
24.be
aware
of意识到,知道
?
25.respond
to回答,回应;对……作出反应?
Ⅲ.主题书面表达
　　结合本单元主题,使用本单元词汇、句型和语法写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
1.写作要点
①小杰克五岁时因病失聪,他感觉突然失去了曾经拥有的一切。(feel
like
doing;what引导名词性从句;overnight)
Little
Jack
became
deaf
due
to
illness
at
the
age
of
five,
and
he
felt
like
losing
what
he
had
once
owned
overnight.?
②然而,他的父母并没有放弃教育他。(nevertheless;give
up)
His
parents,
nevertheless,
didn't
give
up
educating
him.?
③他们经常以海伦·凯勒为例来鼓励孩子。(take...for
example)
They
often
took
Helen
Keller
for
example
to
encourage
the
boy.?
④对他来说,了解她的故事和作品是一件幸事。(blessing)
It
is
a
blessing
for
him
to
know
about
her
stories
and
works.?
⑤现在他开始热衷于写作,很少抱怨自己的不幸。(enthusiastic;rarely)
Now
he
begins
to
become
enthusiastic
about
writing,
and
rarely
does
he
complain
about
his
misfortune.?
2.串句成文
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
Little
Jack
became
deaf
due
to
illness
at
the
age
of
five,
and
he
felt
like
losing
what
he
had
once
owned
overnight.
His
parents,
nevertheless,
didn't
give
up
educating
him.
They
often
took
Helen
Keller
for
example
to
encourage
the
boy.
It
is
a
blessing
for
him
to
know
about
her
stories
and
works.
Now
he
begins
to
become
enthusiastic
about
writing,
and
rarely
does
he
complain
about
his
misfortune.
?
1.影响世界的“中国”词汇
像“孔子”“功夫”“麻将”和“豆腐”一样,以下列出了具有中国“气质”并在世界范围内深深影响了现代生活的5个中国词:
(1)Cha—tea
The
word
“tea”
is
borrowed
from
southern
Fujian
dialect。
茶:Tea　这个词来自福建南部的方言。
(2)Shi
Wai
Tao
Yuan—Shangri-La
(Xanadu)
Shangri-La
and
Xanadu
are
near
synonyms
for
the
Chinese
word
“Shi
Wai
Tao
Yuan”
世外桃源:Shangri-La
or
Xanadu
“香格里拉”和“仙那度”都是世外桃源的同义词。
(3)Feng
Shui—Feng
Shui
Feng
Shui
is
a
transliterated
word
that
is
imbued
with
the
collective
wisdom
of
ancient
Chinese
people
in
arranging
houses
for
the
living
and
cemeteries
for
the
dead.
风水:Feng
Shui
Feng
Shui是个直译词,是中国古人安排住宅、坟墓的一种智慧。
(4)Zhi
Laohu—paper
tiger
The
word
was
created
by
Mao
Zedong,
a
great
national
hero.
纸老虎:Paper
tiger
这是民族英雄毛泽东造出的一个词。
(5)Yin
Yang—yin-yang
Yin
and
yang,
the
two
opposing
principles
in
nature,
the
former
feminine
and
negative
and
the
latter
masculine
and
positive。
阴阳:yin-yang
阴阳的概念,源自古代中国人民的自然观。古人观察到自然界中各种对立又相联的大自然现象,如天地、日月、昼夜、寒暑、男女、上下等,以哲学的思想方式,归纳出“阴阳”的概念。
2.404
Four-O-Four
大家看到404
Four-O-Four
应该不陌生吧,404页面就是在计算机上,当用户输入了错误的链接时返回的页面。
“无用之人”通常我们用最通俗的表达是:useless
person。
那么用Four-O-Four来表示无用之人是怎么回事呢?
大家一起来看下面的解释:
404
is
used
to
describe
someone
who
is
clueless.
This
usage
derives
from
the
WWW
error
message,
“404
Not
Found”,
meaning
the
requested
document
could
not
be
located.
People
who
is
404
is
usually
stupid
and
unable
to
use
computers
or
other
complicated
electronic
equipment.
在计算机上,404页面就是当用户输入了错误的链接时返回的页面。404页面的目的是:告诉浏览者其所请求的页面不存在或链接错误,同时引导用户使用网站其他页面而不是关闭窗口离开。
因此,404在英美成为“电脑白痴”“无用之人”的代名词。
There's
no
rose
without
a
thorn.
This
thought
is
absolutely
necessary
to
prepare
you
to
experience
less
pain
and
more
joy
in
your
journey
of
life.
With
a
bird's-eye
view,
you
may
realize
something
meaningful.
During
your
school
years,
while
joyfully
acquiring
knowledge
you
are
also
under
the
pressure
of
homework,
examinations,
and
ranking.
You
face
crises
and
agony.
Meanwhile,
all
sorts
of
intricate
affairs
may
happen
between
you
and
your
classmates.
In
your
youth,
puberty
may
fill
you
with
unrealized
desires
and
send
you
into
deeper
perplexity.
Entering
marriage,
you
are
actually
in
the
center
of
all
the
contradictions—the
matching
of
different
personalities,
enduring
of
family
members,
children's
schooling,
financial
management
and
so
on,
you
may
also
fall
into
marriage
crisis.
As
you
age,
your
health
may
deteriorate
and
various
troubles
in
your
career
and
family
may
gradually
emerge.
Mid-life
and
old-age
crisis
will
follow,
leading
you
to
your
eternity.
We
may
therefore
conclude
that
much
of
our
life
may
not
be
spent
in
contentment.
However,
the
things
that
discontent
are,
in
fact,
not
useless
since
you
may
learn
more
from
them
than
from
the
things
that
cheered
you
up.
As
the
saying
goes,
“It
seems
to
be
a
perpetual
rule
that
flaps
are
produced
elatedly
and
masterpieces
painstakingly”.
To
put
it
vividly,
the
great
historian
Sima
Qian
had
a
view
even
two
thousand
years
ago:
“When
Emperor
Wen
of
Zhou
Dynasty
was
arrested,
he
produced
the
classic
Zhou
Yi
Jing;Confucius
wrote
The
Spring
and
Autumn
Annals
while
he
was
experiencing
adversity;Qu
Yuan
produced
his
monumental
long
poem,
Encountering
Sorrow,
during
his
exile.
When
Zuo
Qiu
lost
his
sight
and
Sun
Zi
had
his
feet
chopped
off,
they
edited
their
writings
and
stratagems.
After
Lü
Buwei
was
forced
to
live
in
Shu,
the
valuable
The
Book
of
Lü
was
fortunately
handed
down
to
posterity.
Similarly,
when
Han
Feizi
was
imprisoned
in
Qin,
On
Difficulty
and
On
Resentment—two
precious
books—were
written
by
him.
Three
hundred
Classic
Poems
were
also
produced
in
rough
the
same
way,
where
the
writers'
hearts
were
smouldering
in
the
doldrums
with
no
way
out:
they
therefore
conveyed
everything
in
words,
narrating
the
past
and
contemplating
the
future”.
Let's
treat
all
the
sufferings
at
every
stage
of
life
as
assets
which
can
only
do
us
good.
【译文】
　　人生固然有欢乐,但也一定不乏痛苦。有这种认识和思想准备是非常必要的,因为这样会使你的生活增加欢乐而减少痛苦。
鸟瞰人生,可略有领悟。上学时,有获得知识的乐趣,便有做功课、考试、排名次的危机与痛苦。同时也有同学间相处的融合与纠结。青年时,春心萌动,幻想联翩,难以实现,亦难免陷入困扰。
结婚之后,实际上你处于所有矛盾的中心;个性的差异、相处的困难、子女的教育、财务的管理等等,也会陷入婚姻危机。随后,年龄愈大,健康愈差,事业、家庭中的许多潜在矛盾会日益突出,因而又会有中年危机和老年危机,直至步入死亡。
所以说,人生在世,如意的事不足一二,不如意的则十有八九。但这“八九”不是负担,而是有用的,因为人在痛苦中所学到的,要比在欢乐中所学到的多得多。
“自古欢愉酿糟糠,从来痛苦出杰作”。对此,司马迁早在两千多年前便有精彩论述:“盖西伯拘而演《周易》;仲尼厄而作《春秋》;屈原放逐,乃赋《离骚》;左丘失明,厥有《国语》;孙子膑脚,《兵法》修列;不韦迁蜀,世传《吕览》;韩非囚秦,《说难》、《孤愤》;《诗》三百篇,大氐贤圣发愤只所为作也。此人皆有所郁结,不得通其道,故述往事,思来者”。
所以,让我们把人生每一阶段上的痛苦,都当作自己的宝贵财富吧。
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
　　☆关注主书封底“3·2学习云空间”,免费下载听力材料音频。
第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.When
will
the
speakers
play
tennis
today?
A.In
the
morning.　　　B.In
the
afternoon.C.In
the
evening.
2.What
did
David
probably
do
yesterday?
A.He
rested
at
home.　　　B.He
went
boating.C.He
went
hiking.
3.What's
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.Husband
and
wife.　　　B.Colleagues.C.Fellow
travelers.
4.How
does
the
woman
feel
now?
A.Nervous.　　　B.Excited.　　　C.Relaxed.
5.What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A.The
origin
of
marathon.
B.The
life
of
a
Greek
soldier.
C.The
war
between
Athens
and
Persia.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
　　听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.Why
did
Mike
join
a
band?
A.To
kill
time.　　　B.To
enjoy
music.C.To
overcome
shyness.
7.What
did
the
woman
probably
think
of
singing
in
public?
A.Exciting.　　　B.Embarrassing.C.Meaningful.
　　听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.How
much
did
the
woman
weigh
three
months
ago?
A.130
pounds.B.143
pounds.C.160
pounds.
9.How
did
the
man's
aunt
lose
weight?
A.By
exercising
at
home.
B.By
joining
a
gym.
C.By
running
outdoors.
10.What
suggestion
did
the
man
give
to
the
woman?
A.Changing
her
eating
habits.
B.Trying
the
program
Whole
30.
C.Going
to
a
gym.
　　听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What
did
Linda
think
of
her
trip?
A.Enjoyable.B.Frightening.C.Annoying.
12.Where
did
Linda
meet
the
bearded
man?
A.At
the
Grand
Canyon.B.On
her
way
home.C.At
a
service
station.
13.What
did
the
bearded
man
want
to
do?
A.Get
a
free
ride.B.Return
a
blanket.C.Ask
directions.
　　
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Where
was
Mr.
Taylor's
latest
book
set?
A.In
Egypt.　　　B.In
Morocco.C.In
South
Africa.
15.What
was
the
worst
thing
that
had
ever
happened
to
Mr.
Taylor?
A.Some
wild
animals
attacked
him.
B.His
car
broke
down
in
a
desert.
C.He
almost
died
from
lack
of
water.
16.What
does
Mr.
Taylor
usually
do
in
his
free
time?
A.He
writes
novels.B.He
relaxes
at
home.C.He
socializes
with
friends.
17.What
is
Mr.
Taylor's
plan
for
the
future?
A.Keeping
writing
novels.
B.Working
on
a
history
book.C.Traveling
around
the
world.
　　听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.What
is
the
speaker
doing?
A.Giving
a
class.
B.Hosting
a
radio
program.
C.Reporting
International
Jazz
Day.
19.Who
helped
start
the
project?
A.The
DC
city
government.
B.The
Thai
government.
C.A
non-profit
group.
20.Where
did
the
group
perform?
A.At
the
town
hall
of
Bangkok,
Thailand.
B.At
a
concert
hall
near
Mahidol
University.
C.At
the
Thailand
International
Jazz
Conference.
答案
1.C　2.A　3.B　4.A　5.A　6.B　7.B　8.C　9.A　10.C
11.A　12.C　13.B　14.B　15.B　16.C　17.B　18.B
19.A　20.C
听力材料
Text
1
M:What
about
going
to
play
tennis
at
the
park
this
afternoon?
W:We'd
better
do
that
after
supper.
We'll
get
burned
playing
tennis
outdoors
in
such
weather.
M:OK.
Text
2
W:David,
did
you
go
boating
with
your
friends
yesterday?
M:No.
I
had
planned
to,
but
I
was
under
the
weather
(身体不舒服)
and
didn't
go
anywhere.
So
what
did
you
do
yesterday?
W:I
went
hiking
with
my
friends.
Text
3
M:It's
already
6:00
p.m.
now.
Let's
call
it
a
day.
W:But
I
haven't
finished
my
work
yet.
I'm
afraid
I
cannot
leave
now.
M:Then
I'll
go
without
you.
See
you
tomorrow.
Text
4
M:You
don't
seem
to
be
able
to
sit
still
today.
What's
going
on?
W:My
boyfriend
is
taking
me
to
meet
his
parents
tonight.
And
he's
on
the
way
to
coming
here
now.
M:Just
relax.
I'm
sure
they'll
love
you!
Text
5
W:Jason,
do
you
know
how
the
marathon
started?
M:Yes.
It
was
started
in
honor
of
(为了纪念)
the
legendary
run
by
a
Greek
soldier
from
Marathon
to
Athens
in
490
BC.He
ran
about
26
miles
to
inform
the
residents
of
an
Athenian
military
victory
over
the
Persian
army.
Text
6
W:Mike,
I
heard
you
were
in
a
band.
Why
did
you
join
it
when
you
were
busy
with
your
study?
M:Because
I
like
the
beat
of
music,
getting
it
right
and
composing
my
own
rhythms.
W:Do
you
like
performing
in
front
of
other
people?
M:Certainly.
I
love
having
people
cheer
for
me
after
I've
worked
hard
and
I've
done
my
best.
You
know
what?
I
dream
of
singing
full-time
in
the
future.
What
about
you?
W:I
love
singing,
but
I
never
dare
sing
in
front
of
others.
M:You
may
love
it
if
you
give
it
a
try.
Text
7
M:Michelle,
it
seems
you've
lost
a
lot
of
weight.
W:Yes.
Now
I
just
weigh
130
pounds.
I've
lost
30
pounds
in
the
past
three
months.
M:How
did
you
manage
to
do
that?
Do
you
often
go
to
the
gym
now?
W:No.
I
don't
go
to
the
gym.
M:Then
do
you
often
work
out
at
home?
I
heard
many
women
love
doing
that.
My
aunt
has
a
running
machine
at
home
and
she's
succeeded
in
losing
some
weight,
too.
W:No.
I
don't
work
out
at
home.
Have
you
heard
about
Whole
30?
That's
what
I've
been
trying.
M:Yes,
I
know
that.
It
requires
people
to
change
their
eating
habits
to
lose
weight.
W:That's
what
I
do.
M:But
I
heard
many
people
regained
their
weight
when
they
stopped
trying
the
program.
I
think
it's
better
that
you
join
a
gym
if
you
don't
want
to
regain
your
weight.
W:Thanks
for
your
advice.
I'll
think
about
that.
Text
8
M:Linda,
did
you
have
a
good
trip
to
the
Grand
Canyon
with
your
family?
W:Yes,
Mr.
Brown.
I
really
enjoyed
my
time
at
the
Grand
Canyon.
But
I
almost
lost
my
favorite
blanket
on
our
way
there.
M:What
happened?
W:It
flew
out
the
window
and
was
gone.
I
was
really
sad.
Soon
after
we
stopped
at
a
service
station.
And
some
motorcyclists
stopped
there,
too.
And
one
of
them
walked
toward
us.
I
was
really
frightened.
M:Why?
W:The
man
looked
huge
and
frightening.
He
had
a
really
big
beard.
M:Why
did
he
come
to
you?
W:It
turned
out
that
he
was
a
really
kind-hearted
man.
He
came
to
us
and
asked
if
the
blue
Ford
was
ours.
My
mom
nodded.
The
man
then
pulled
my
blanket
from
his
jacket
pocket
and
handed
it
to
her.
He
then
returned
to
his
motorcycle.
M:He's
a
really
good
man.
I'm
glad
you've
got
your
favorite
blanket
back.
Now
what
about
going
to
the
classroom
with
me?
W:OK,
Mr.
Brown.
M:And
do
you
mind
telling
the
story
to
the
whole
class?
W:Not
at
all.
Text
9
W:So
Mr.
Taylor,
your
books
are
all
set
in
different
countries,
aren't
they?
M:Yes.
Everything
in
my
novels
happens
in
different
countries
I
know.
I
was
born
in
South
Africa
and
I
still
live
there.
I
began
by
writing
a
novel
about
a
family
living
in
Egypt.
My
most
recent
book
was
about
Morocco.
I
spent
several
months
there
last
year.
W:Your
books
are
all
adventure
stories.
Has
anything
really
dangerous
ever
happened
to
you?
M:Well,
I've
had
a
few
experiences
with
wild
animals!
But
the
worst
thing
was
definitely
when
I
was
driving
along
a
desert
and
my
car
suddenly
stopped
and
wouldn't
start
again.
Fortunately,
I
had
plenty
of
water.
W:Sounds
very
frightening.
What
do
you
do
in
your
spare
time?
M:Well,
I
actually
find
it
hard
to
relax.
I'm
pretty
sociable,
and
I
know
lots
of
people,
so
I
usually
arrange
to
do
something
with
them.
W:Great.
Do
you
have
any
special
plans
for
the
future?
M:Well,
I've
traveled
all
over
the
world,
and
there
are
many
places
I
still
want
to
visit.
My
main
aim
is
to
write
the
history
of
my
local
area.
I've
decided
to
stop
writing
novels
because
I
want
to
do
something
different.
Text
10
　　April
is
Jazz
Appreciation
Month,
and
April
30
is
International
Jazz
Day.
On
this
day,
musicians,
educators,
and
fans
celebrate
the
music
at
festivals,
shows,
and
other
events
around
the
world.
In
tonight's
program,
I'd
like
to
talk
about
an
international
jazz
exchange
project
between
two
cities:Washington
DC
and
Bangkok.
The
exchange
project
started
with
support
from
the
DC
city
government.
Will
Stephens,
a
lawyer
and
musician,
is
in
charge
of
a
non-profit
group.
The
money
he
received
from
the
city
helped
send
musicians
from
Washington
DC
to
Thailand.
In
January,
Stephens
traveled
to
Thailand
with
four
other
musicians.
The
group
performed
at
the
Thailand
International
Jazz
Conference,
a
large
and
important
jazz
education
meeting
hosted
by
Mahidol
University.
Just
over
ten
years,
the
conference
hosts
thousands
of
educators,
students,
and
listeners
each
year.
The
trip
gave
musicians
a
chance
to
see
similarities
and
differences
in
jazz
culture
between
the
two
countries.
Stephens
noted
important
differences.
He
said
that
a
lot
more
women
were
studying
jazz
in
Thailand
than
in
the
United
States.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2020山东省实验中学期中考试)
Smart
Home
Products
for
Living
a
Connected
Life
What
makes
something
a
smart
home
product?
Generally,
it's
defined
by
its
ability
to
connect
to
a
Wi-Fi
network,
allowing
users
to
interact
with
it
from
their
smartphones.
We've
rounded
up
some
cool,
diverse(形形色色的)
offerings
that
you'll
love
to
have
in
your
home.
　　Nest
Cam
IQ
walmart.com
$299.00
The
Nest
Cam
IQ
is
a
beautifully
designed
home
security
camera
that
can
recognize
faces.
It
can
warn
you
if
there's
a
stranger
in
your
home.
The
device
also
supports
two-way
communication
via
built-in
microphones
and
a
powerful
speaker.
　　Logitech
Harmony
Elite
amazon.com
$249.99
The
Logitech
Harmony
Elite
is
one
of
the
best
universal
remote
controls
available
on
the
market.
It
can
control
just
about
every
piece
of
electronics
you
own(it
supports
over
270,000
devices)in
every
room
of
your
house
or
apartment,
including
TVs,streaming
devices,
and
sound
systems.
　　Apple
HomePod
bhphotovideo.com
$349.00
The
Apple
HomePod
has
better
audio
quality
than
any
other
smart
speaker
available
today.
Available
in
white
or
space
gray,
the
Siri-powered
device
also
allows
you
to
control
a
number
of
devices
with
your
voice.
　　August
Smart
Lock
Pro
amazon.com
$279.99
The
August
Smart
Lock
Pro
is
compatible(兼容的)with
most
locks.
A
mobile
app
allows
you
to
manage
access
to
the
lock,
check
its
usage
history,
and
get
informed
when
someone
opens
the
door.
You
can
control
it
and
check
on
the
state
of
your
door
with
voice
commands.
21.What
can
the
Nest
Cam
IQ
help
you
do?
A.Properly
use
your
smartphone
camera.
B.Control
electronics
with
your
voice.
C.Check
the
locks
of
your
house.
D.Keep
your
home
safe.
22.Which
device
can
help
you
operate
almost
all
your
electronic
equipment
remotely?
A.Nest
Cam
IQ.　　　
B.Apple
HomePod.
C.August
Smart
Lock
Pro.
　　　D.Logitech
Harmony
Elite.
23.Which
column
of
a
website
is
the
text
most
probably
taken
from?
A.Technology.
　　　B.News.
C.Society.
　
　D.Education.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四款智能生活用品。
21.D　细节理解题。根据关键词Nest
Cam
IQ可以定位到Nest
Cam
IQ部分中的“The
Nest
Cam
IQ
is
a
beautifully
designed
home
security
camera
that
can
recognize
faces.
It
can
warn
you
if
there's
a
stranger
in
your
home.
The
device
also
supports
two-way
communication
via
built-in
microphones
and
a
powerful
speaker.”可知Nest
Cam
IQ是一款设计精美的家庭安全摄像头,可以识别人脸,它可以在家里有陌生人时发出警告,该设备还支持通过内置麦克风和强大的扬声器进行双向通信。因此Nest
Cam
IQ可以保障家的安全。故选D。
22.D　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词operate和remotely可以定位到Logitech
Harmony
Elite部分中的“The
Logitech
Harmony
Elite
is
one
of
the
best
universal
remote
controls
available
on
the
market.
It
can
control
just
about
every
piece
of
electronics
you
own(it
supports
over
270,000
devices)in
every
room
of
your
house
or
apartment,
including
TVs,
streaming
devices,
and
sound
systems.”可知Logitech
Harmony
Elite是目前市场上最好的通用遥控器之一,它可以控制你拥有的几乎所有的电子设备(支持超过27万台设备),包括电视、流媒体设备和音响系统。Logitech
Harmony
Elite可以帮助您远程控制几乎所有的电子设备。故选D。
23.A　推理判断题。阅读全文可知,本文主要讲了智能生活用品以及它们给我们的生活带来的便利。这与科技有关,因此会出现在科技专栏。故选A。
B
(2020北京师大附中期中考试)
The
Pillow
At
the
age
of
sixteen,
I
joined
a
volunteer
group
with
my
dad.
I
went
on
my
first
volunteer
project
in
West
Virginia.
On
the
night
we
arrived,
we
discovered
that
our
“family”
was
in
a
trailer(拖车)
that
was
in
poor
condition.
A
crew
had
been
working
on
it
for
two
weeks,
but
every
time
they
finished
one
problem,
another
surfaced.
We
decided
the
only
reasonable
solution
was
to
build
a
new
house—something
unusual
but
necessary
under
these
circumstances.
The
family
was
overjoyed
at
their
new
house
that
was
twenty
by
thirty
feet
with
three
bedrooms,
a
bath
and
a
kitchen.
On
Tuesday
of
that
week,
while
we
were
having
lunch
together,
I
asked
the
family's
three
boys,
Josh,
Eric
and
Ryan,
“What
do
you
want
for
your
new
room?”
Expecting
toys
and
other
gadgets
that
children
usually
ask
for,
we
were
surprised
when
Josh
responded,
“I
just
want
a
bed.”
The
boys
had
never
slept
in
a
bed!
They
were
accustomed
to
plastic
mats.
That
night
we
had
a
meeting
and
decided
that
beds
would
be
the
perfect
gift.
On
Thursday
night,
a
few
adults
in
our
group
drove
to
the
nearest
city
and
bought
beds
and
new
bedding.
When
we
saw
the
delivery
truck
coming,
we
told
the
family
about
the
surprise.
We
could
hardly
contain
ourselves.
It
was
like
watching
excited
children
on
Christmas
morning.
That
afternoon,
as
we
fitted
the
frames
of
the
beds
together,
Eric
ran
into
the
house
to
watch
us.
Too
dirty
to
enter
his
room,
he
observed
with
wide-eyed
enthusiasm
from
the
doorway.
As
my
father
slipped
a
pillowcase
onto
one
of
the
pillows,
Eric
asked,
“What
is
that?”
“A
pillow,”
he
replied.
“What
do
you
do
with
it?”
Eric
continued
to
ask.
“When
you
go
to
sleep,
you
put
your
head
on
it,”
I
answered
softly.
Tears
came
to
our
eyes
as
my
sister
handed
Eric
the
pillow.
“Oh...that's
soft,”
he
said,
hugging
it
tightly.
Now,
when
my
sister
or
I
start
to
ask
for
something
that
seems
urgent,
my
dad
gently
asks,
“Do
you
have
a
pillow?”
We
know
exactly
what
he
means.
24.The
writer's
first
volunteer
project
was
　　　.?
A.working
on
a
poor
trailer
B.helping
a
poor
family
C.donating
beds
and
bedding
D.dealing
with
a
housing
problem
25.On
hearing
Josh's
answer,
the
writer
was
shocked
because
　　　.?
A.the
family
lived
in
a
trailer
B.he
expected
to
get
some
toys
C.he
didn't
know
what
a
bed
was
D.the
boys
had
no
bed
to
sleep
in
26.From
the
passage,
we
can
learn
that
Eric
had
never
seen
　　　
before.?
A.a
trailer　　　B.a
truck　　　C.a
pillow　　　D.a
house
27.By
saying
“Do
you
have
a
pillow?”,
the
writer's
father
means
that
　　　.?
A.what
they
want
to
get
may
be
unnecessary
B.they
should
not
waste
money
on
small
things
C.they
should
do
more
volunteer
work
for
the
poor
D.what
he
will
buy
is
not
what
they
want
but
a
pillow
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者十六岁时和父亲一起做志愿者时的所见所闻。一个家庭的贫穷深深地震撼了他们:他们从来没有睡过床,从来没有见过枕头。
24.B　推理判断题。从第一段第三句中的we
discovered
that
our
“family”
was
in
a
trailer...和第二段第二句中的The
family
was
overjoyed
at
their
new
house可知,作者的第一个志愿者项目是帮助一个贫困家庭。故选B。
25.D　细节理解题。从第三段最后一句中的we
were
surprised
when
Josh
responded,
“I
just
want
a
bed.”及第四段第一句The
boys
had
never
slept
in
a
bed!可推知,听到Josh的回答,作者很震惊,因为这些男孩们都没有在床上睡过觉。故选D。
26.C　细节理解题。从第七段至第十一段Eric与他们的对话可知,Eric不知枕头是什么。由此可知,Eric以前从未见过枕头。故选C。
27.A　推理判断题。根据上文内容Eric一家连枕头都没见过,结合最后一段内容可推断:父亲认为我们要求的东西只是看起来急需,实际上可能并不是必需的。故选A。
C
(2020山东青岛黄岛期中)
A
rainy
day
can
be
a
chance
to
recharge.
While
you
are
relaxed
on
the
sofa
with
a
movie,
the
raindrops
falling
on
your
windows
might
one
day
provide
the
power
for
your
TV.
This
is
the
idea
behind
an
invention
that
harvests
energy
from
water.
The
technology
is
based
on
the
triboelectric
effect(摩擦起电效应).
An
engineer
at
the
University
of
Hawaii,
David
Ma,
knew
that
it's
possible
to
generate
electricity
by
rubbing
two
things
together.
So,
he
thought,
“Why
don't
we
use
water?”
A
drop
of
water
sliding
across
a
surface
coated
with
two
different
materials
would
generate
enough
friction(摩擦)
to
create
an
electrical
charge.
By
placing
metal
wires
that
the
drop
of
water
touched
as
it
moved,
it
should
be
possible
to
harvest
electricity,
he
reasoned.
It
worked.
In
fact,
the
researchers
lit
up
15
LED
bulbs
with
a
single
moving
water
drop.
This
is
not
the
first
time
that
scientists
have
got
electricity
from
water-generated
friction.
Earlier
experiments,
though,
harvested
the
charge
produced
in
a
surface
by
a
sliding
drop
of
water.
There,
the
surface
had
acted
as
an
electrode(电极).
This
is
different.
The
energy
of
friction
is
being
harvested
from
the
water
itself.
“It
turns
out,”
Ma
says,
“the
charge
in
the
water
drop
is
much
more
than
the
charge
produced
in
the
other
electrode.”
In
fact,
his
team's
model
generated
almost
100
times
more
power
than
previous
experiments
from
a
single
drop
of
water.
“The
technology
could
someday
power
phones,
sensors
or
other
small
electronics,”
says
Christopher
Oshman,
an
engineer
at
the
Colorado
School
of
Mines.
“This
work
is
a
step
toward
harvesting
the
energy
of
moving
objects
all
around
us,
including
ourselves,
to
power
the
electronic
devices
we
use
every
day,”
he
says.
“Ma
has
shown
that
the
technology
can
work
in
a
lab,”
Oshman
says.
“Next,
the
Colorado
researcher
would
like
to
see
it
tried
on
a
larger
scale,
such
as
on
an
umbrella.”
28.How
does
the
author
introduce
the
topic
of
the
text?
A.By
telling
a
story.
B.By
raising
a
question.
C.By
giving
an
example.
D.By
imagining
a
situation.
29.What
does
the
underlined
word
“it”
in
Paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.The
wire.　　　B.The
drop
of
water.
C.The
surface.　　　D.The
electricity.
30.What
is
unique
about
Ma's
technique
compared
with
earlier
experiments?
A.The
water
itself
acts
as
an
electrode.
B.It
is
based
on
the
triboelectric
effect.
C.It
produces
electricity
from
water-made
friction.
D.It
uses
a
surface
covered
with
two
different
materials.
31.What
does
Oshman
say
about
Ma's
technology?
A.It
has
a
promising
future.
B.It
will
do
well
on
an
umbrella.
C.It
works
well
in
the
real
world.
D.It
will
replace
batteries
someday.
答案
[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了夏威夷大学的工程师David
Ma认为摩擦两件东西来发电是可能的。研究人员用一颗移动的水滴点亮了15个LED灯泡。这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。
28.D　推理判断题。根据第一段A
rainy
day
can
be
a
chance
to
recharge.
While
you
are
relaxed
on
the
sofa
with
a
movie,
the
raindrops
falling
on
your
windows
might
one
day
provide
the
power
for
your
TV.
This
is
the
idea
behind
an
invention
that
harvests
energy
from
water.可知,雨天可能是一个充电的机会。当你在沙发上看电影放松时,落在窗户上的雨滴也许有一天会为你的电视提供能量。这就是一项从水中获取能量的发明背后的理念。作者通过想象一个情景,引出文章的主题,故选D。
29.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的By
placing
metal
wires
that
the
drop
of
water
touched
as
it
moved可知,通过放置金属丝,水滴在移动时接触到金属丝。下文中的it
should
be
possible
to
harvest
electricity,
he
reasoned表示水滴应该可以获得电力,故it指的是水滴,故选B。
30.A　细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第四段Earlier
experiments,
though,
harvested
the
charge
produced
in
a
surface
by
a
sliding
drop
of
water.
There,
the
surface
had
acted
as
an
electrode.
This
is
different.
The
energy
of
friction
is
being
harvested
from
the
water
itself.(然而,早期的实验是通过水滴的滑动来收集表面产生的电荷。在那里,表面起着电极的作用。这是不同的,摩擦产生的能量是从水本身获得的。)由此可知,与早期的实验相比,Ma的技术的独特之处在于水本身起着电极的作用,故选A。
31.A　推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段“The
technology
could
someday
power
phones,
sensors
or
other
small
electronics,”
says
Christopher
Oshman,
an
engineer
at
the
Colorado
School
of
Mines.
“This
work
is
a
step
toward
harvesting
the
energy
of
moving
objects
all
around
us,
including
ourselves,
to
power
the
electronic
devices
we
use
every
day,”
he
says.(科罗拉多矿业学院的工程师Christopher
Oshman说:“这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。”他说:“这项工作向收集我们周围移动物体的能量,包括我们自己,为我们每天使用的电器提供动力迈出了一步。”)由此推断出,Oshman认为Ma的技术有一个光明的未来,故选A。
D
(2020上海行知中学高二上学期月考)
Women
may
have
good
reason
to
drink
coffee
as
much
as
they
like.
According
to
recent
research,
women
who
drank
three
or
more
cups
of
coffee
a
day
were
30
percent
less
likely
to
have
memory
decline
at
age
65
than
those
who
drank
one
cup
or
less
daily.
And
the
benefit
increased
with
age.
Women
over
age
80
who
drank
three
or
more
cups
of
coffee
a
day
were
about
70
percent
less
likely
to
have
memory
decline
than
those
who
drank
one
cup
or
less,
the
researchers
said.
Caffeinated
tea
had
the
same
effect
on
women,
the
study
found,
although
more
was
needed
to
get
the
same
caffeine
boost.
“Count
roughly
two
cups
of
tea
for
a
cup
of
coffee,”
said
study
leader
Karen
Ritchie
of
INSERM,
the
French
National
Institute
for
Health
and
Medical
Research.
But
the
researchers
didn't
find
a
similarly
protective
effect
on
men,
although
other
studies
have
found
a
benefit
to
males.
How
might
caffeine
help
ward
off
cognitive(认知的)
decline?
“It
is
a
cognitive
stimulant,”
said
Ritchie.
“It
also
helps
to
reduce
levels
of
the
protein
called
beta
amyloid(β淀粉样蛋白)
in
the
brain,”
she
said,
“whose
accumulation
is
responsible
for
Alzheimer's
disease
but
which
also
occurs
in
normal
aging.”
Ritchie
said
she
wasn't
sure
why
men
in
the
study
didn't
benefit
from
caffeine.
“Our
hypothesis
is
that
either
women
metabolize
caffeine
differently
from
men,
or
there
may
be
an
interaction
of
the
caffeine
with
the
sex
hormones,”
she
said.
The
French
study
confirms
previous
research,
said
William
Scott,
a
professor
of
medicine
at
the
University
of
Miami
Miller
School
of
Medicine,
who
has
researched
caffeine's
beneficial
effects
against
Parkinson's
disease,
also
a
neurodegenerative
disorder.
As
for
caffeine
only
protecting
women,
Scott
noted
that
just
2,800
of
the
7,000
study
participants
were
men,
and
the
results
might
have
differed
if
more
men
were
included.
A
study
published
in
February
in
the
European
Journal
of
Clinical
Nutrition
looked
at
676
healthy
men
and
found
that
regular
coffee
drinkers
had
a
lower
rate
of
cognitive
decline
over
a
10-year
follow-up
than
those
who
didn't
drink
coffee.
Those
who
drank
three
cups
daily
had
the
least
signs
of
decline.
Both
Scott
and
Ritchie
agreed
that
more
studies
are
needed.
Ritchie's
research
will
next
look
at
the
relationship
between
caffeine
and
Alzheimer's.
32.As
it
is
indicated
in
the
1st
paragraph,
how
does
coffee
influence
women's
memory?
A.The
older
the
women
were,
the
more
remarkable
their
memory
were.
B.The
more
coffee
the
women
drank,
the
more
slowly
their
memory
declined.
C.The
older
the
women
were,
the
more
slowly
their
memory
declined.
D.The
more
coffee
the
women
drank.
the
more
remarkable
their
memory
were.
33.According
to
Ritchie,
Alzheimer's
disease
results
from
　　　.?
A.the
lack
of
caffeine
in
the
brain
B.the
accumulation
of
beta
amyloid
C.high
level
of
proteins
in
the
brain
D.abnormal
metabolism
in
normal
aging
34.William
Scott
would
most
probably
agree
that
caffeine
helped
　　　.?
A.reduce
the
risk
of
Alzheimer's
disease
B.interfere
with
the
process
of
cognitive
decline
C.balance
the
production
of
female
hormones
D.protect
both
men
and
women
from
diseases
35.What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
the
research
of
caffeine's
beneficial
effect
on
men?
A.Doubtful.　　　B.Convinced.C.Indifferent.
　　　D.Cautious.
答案
[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究,研究人员发现咖啡因能帮助人们防止认知能力下降,尤其是女性。
32.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的According
to
recent
research,
women
who
drank
three
or
more
cups
of
coffee
a
day
were
30
percent
less
likely
to
have
memory
decline
at
age
65
than
those
who
drank
one
cup
or
less
daily.
And
the
benefit
increased
with
age.可知,经常喝咖啡的女性,随着年龄的增长,她们的记忆力下降得越慢。故选C。
33.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It
also
helps
to
reduce
levels
of
the
protein
called
beta
amyloid
in
the
brain,”she
said,
“whose
accumulation
is
responsible
for
Alzheimer's
disease
but
which
also
occurs
in
normal
aging.”可知,β淀粉样蛋白的积累与阿尔茨海默氏病有关。故选B。
34.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段As
for
caffeine
only
protecting
women,
Scott
noted
that
just
2,800
of
the
7,000
study
participants
were
men,
and
the
results
might
have
differed
if
more
men
were
included.可知,威廉·斯科特认为如果纳入更多男性,结果可能会有所不同,由此推知,他很可能会认同咖啡因有助于干预认知能力下降的过程。故选B。
35.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二、三段引用William
Scott的观点以及2月发表在《欧洲临床营养学杂志》(European
Journal
of
Clinical
Nutrition)上的一项研究发现可推知,作者相信咖啡因对男性也是有益的。故选B。
第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
　　阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2020广东深圳实验学校高二上期中考试)
Organic
produce
has
become
increasingly
popular
in
recent
years.　36　
In
fact,
organic
farmers
are
allowed
to
use
a
wide
variety
of
chemical
sprays
and
powders
on
their
crops.?
　37　
It
means
that
these
pesticides(杀虫剂),
if
used,
must
be
got
from
natural
sources,
not
synthetically(人工合成地)manufactured.
Also,
these
pesticides
must
be
applied
using
equipment
that
has
not
been
used
to
apply
any
synthetic
materials
for
the
past
three
years.
　38　
What's
more,
most
organic
farmers,
and
even
some
traditional
farmers,
use
mechanical
and
cultural
tools
to
help
control
pests.?
Many
people
believe
organic
produce
is
healthier
and
safer.
Nobody
bothered
to
look
at
whether
natural
chemicals
are
harmful.
　39　
But
when
the
studies
were
done,
you
found
that
about
half
of
the
natural
chemicals
studied
could
cause
cancer.
This
is
a
case
where
everyone
makes
the
same
dangerous
mistake.
We
think
that
“natural”
chemicals
were
better
and
safer
than
synthetic
materials,
but
we
were
wrong.
　40　?
A.So
what
does
organic
mean?
B.That
was
because
it
was
thought
that
they
caused
little
risk.
C.However,
“organic”
does
not
mean
“pesticide-free”
or
“chemical-free”.
D.It
should
be
noted
that
we
don't
know
which
system
is
more
harmful.
E.There
are
many
choices
and
decisions
that
we,
as
consumers,
are
asked
to
make.
F.Thus,
we
should
be
more
cautious
in
our
acceptance
of
“natural”
as
being
harmless.
G.And
the
land
being
planted
cannot
have
been
treated
with
synthetic
materials
for
that
period
either.
答案
[语篇解读]　有机农产品近年来越来越受欢迎。但是,“有机产品”并不意味着“无农药”或“无化学品”,事实上,农民可以在有机作物上使用各种化学喷雾剂和粉末。
36.C　考查段中承上启下句。根据上文“Organic
produce
has
become
increasingly
popular
in
recent
years.近年来,有机农产品越来越受欢迎。”和下文“In
fact,
organic
farmers
are
allowed
to
use
a
wide
variety
of
chemical
sprays
and
powders
on
their
crops.实际上,允许农民在作物上使用各种化学喷雾剂和粉末。”可知此处应填:然而,“有机”并不意味着“无农药”或“无化学品”。故选C。
37.A　考查段首主题句。根据下文中的“It
means
that
these
pesticides,
if
used,
must
be
got
from
natural
sources,
not
synthetically
manufactured.它意味着如果使用这些农药,必须从自然能源中获得,而不是合成制造的。”可知,A项“那么有机意味着什么呢?”符合语境。故选A。
38.G　考查段中句和逻辑关系。根据下文中的What's
more,
most
organic
farmers,
and
even
some
traditional
farmers,
use
mechanical
and
cultural
tools
to
help
control
pests.可知,更重要的是,大多数有机农民,甚至一些传统农民,都使用机械和培养工具来帮助控制害虫。因此G项“在此期间,种植的土地也不能用合成材料处理。”符合语境。故选G。
39.B　考查段中解释句和逻辑关系。根据下文中的But
when
the
studies
were
done,
you
found
that
about
half
of
the
natural
chemicals
studied
could
cause
cancer可知,但是当研究完成后,你发现大约一半的天然化学物质会导致癌症。因此B项“那是因为人们认为它们没有什么风险。”切题。故选B。
40.F　考查段尾总结句。根据上文中的We
think
that
“natural”
chemicals
were
better
and
safer
than
synthetic
materials,
but
we
were
wrong.可知,我们认为“天然”化学品比合成材料更好更安全,但我们错了。因此,F项“因此,我们应该更加谨慎地接受‘自然’是无害的。”切题。故选F。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2020山东潍坊高二上期末考试)
Cassidy
and
his
friends
were
waiting
for
other
members
of
their
running
group.
They
met
　41　
every
Thursday
but
on
this
day
last
January,
it
would
not
be
their
　42　
run.?
The
first
　43　
that
something
was
unusual
was
the
man
who
ran
　44　past
them.?
“Running
at
such
a
fast
pace,”
Cassidy
said
to
his
friends
in
　45　.?
Cassidy
　46　
why
the
man
was
so
swift
when
another
man
ran
by,
　47　,“
Help!
He
took
my
phone!”?
At
that,
they
ran,
tracking
the
　48　
down
the
streets
　49　
he
disappeared
in
a
construction
site.
Cassidy
ran
around
to
the
far
side
of
the
site
to
cut
the
thief
off
while
the
others
　50　
the
neighborhood
hoping
he
had
thrown
away
the
phone
in
a
backyard.?
No
　51　.
So
they
decided
to
ask
the
citizens
whether
they'd
seen
the
guy.
They
knocked
on
one
door
after
another.
To
their
　52　,
as
one
owner
opened
the
door,
the
suspect
rushed
out
and
right
　53　
the
arms
of
the
police,who'd
already
joined
the
search.?
“Running
is
typically
a
useless
sport
where
you
turn
fat
cells
into
heat,but
occasionally
it
can
be
　54　,”
Cassidy
told
the
Philadelphia
Inquirer,
“and
here
was
one
of
those
　55　.”
?
41.A.roughly　　　B.eventually　　　C.regularly　　　D.curiously
42.A.exhausting　　　B.flexible　　
　C.normal　　　
D.safe
43.A.clue　　
B.sight　　
　C.risk　　　
D.decision
44.A.slowly　　　
B.desperately　　
　C.steadily　　　D.aimlessly
45.A.panic　　　
B.admiration　　
　C.relief　　　D.anger
46.A.tried
out　　　B.let
out　　　　C.picked
out　　　D.figured
out
47.A.adding　　　B.complaining　　
　C.whispering　　　D.screaming
48.A.member　　　B.athlete　　　
C.suspect　　　D.colleague
49.A.after　　　B.until　　　
C.as　　
　D.whether
50.A.searched　　　B.served　　　
C.warned　　　
D.harmed
51.A.luck　　
　B.doubt　　　C.way　　　
D.wonder
52.A.sorrow　　　B.surprise　　　　C.embarrassment　　D.disappointment
53.A.over　　　B.through　　　C.off　　
　D.into
54.A.useful　　　B.useless　　　C.tiring　　
　D.tough
55.A.purposes　　　B.opportunities　　　C.plans　　
　D.tricks
答案
41.C　根据后面的时间状语every
Thursday可知,他们每周四都来跑步,所以应该是定期地在此集合,因此使用regularly有规律地。roughly粗略地;eventually最终;curiously好奇地。故选C。
42.C　根据句中表转折的连词but可知,去年1月的这天,不是他们通常的跑步时间。normal正常的,一般的;exhausting令人疲倦的;flexible灵活的;safe安全的。故选C。
43.A　句意:第一个不同寻常的线索是有个男人从他们身边拼命地跑过。clue线索;sight视野,景象;risk风险;decision决定。故选A。
44.B　根据后面的句子“Running
at
such
a
fast
pace,”可知,刚刚经过的人跑得很快。slowly缓慢地;desperately拼命地;steadily稳定地;aimlessly漫无目的地。故选B。
45.B　看到对方跑得那么快,他钦佩地告诉他的同伴。admiration羡慕,钦佩,in
admiration羡慕地;in
panic慌张地;in
relief欣慰地;in
anger生气地。故选B。
46.D　根据后面的追上来的人的呼救声“Help!
He
took
my
phone!”可知,Cassidy搞明白了这个人为什么跑那么快。figure
out弄懂,明白;try
out试用;let
out发出(叫声);pick
out辨认出,挑选。故选D。
47.D　紧急状况下喊救命应用scream“尖叫”一词。add添加,补充;complain抱怨;whisper耳语。故选D。
48.C　根据“they
ran,
tracking”可知,他们也开始追赶嫌疑犯(suspect)。member成员;athlete运动员;colleague同事。故选C。
49.B　此处表示沿着街道一直追赶,直到他消失在一个建筑工地上。until直到……;after在……之后;as当……时候;whether是否。故选B。
50.A　此处表示Cassidy跑到前面堵截小偷,而其他人则搜索街区。search搜查;serve服务;warn警告;harm伤害。故选A。
51.A　根据后面的句子“So
they
decided
to
ask
the
citizens
whether
they'd
seen
the
guy.”可知,他们询问其他市民是否见过这么一个人,因此可知他们没有找到。No
luck很不幸。luck幸运;doubt怀疑;way方法;wonder奇迹。故选A。
52.B　根据“as
one
owner
opened
the
door,
the
suspect
rushed
out”可知当一个房东开门时,这个嫌疑犯正好跑出来,这是令人吃惊的。to
one's
surprise令某人吃惊的是;sorrow伤心;embarrassment尴尬;disappointment失望。故选B。
53.D　根据前面的right和后面的the
arms
of
the
police说明正好跑到警察的怀里。into进入,到……里面;over超过,在……上面;through穿过;off离开。故选D。
54.A　根据前面的内容“Running
is
typically
a
useless
sport
where
you
turn
fat
cells
into
heat”和but可知,跑步通常是一项没有用的运动,你只是把脂肪转变成热量,但是有时却是很有用处的。useful有用的;useless无用的;tiring令人疲倦的;tough艰难的,粗糙的。故选A。
55.B　此处表示今天的跑步抓贼就是一个好机会。purpose目的;opportunity机会;plan计划;trick计谋,诡计。故选B。
第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020山东烟台栖霞高二月考)
When
waiting
for
the
train,
a
young
girl
playing
with
her
ball
suddenly
found
it
out
of
her
hands,
　56　(roll)
off
the
platform
and
landing
on
the
tracks.
Not
only
was
she
troubled,
but
the
whole
family
were
a
bit
upset.
Overhearing
their
conversation,
I
knew
that
the
ball
　57　(give)
to
her
from
her
grandfather,
　58　is
no
longer
alive.
It
was
not
replaceable
as
it
held
precious
memories.
?
I
told
them
I
could
help
get
it
for
them.
I
wasn't
sure
how,
but
I'm
　59　(create)
and
felt
confident
I
would
figure
it
out.
?
They
were
hesitant
to
give
me
their
contact
information.
I'm
a
nice
lady,
but
still
a
stranger,
and
it
felt
odd
to
them
that
I
would
want
to
take
time
out
of
my
life
　60　(help)
them.
My
work
colleague
who
was
with
me
convinced
them,
“She
is
really
good
　61　
helping
people.
You
really
can
trust
her.
”?
As
always
in
these
　62　(situation),
you
have
to
let
one
phone
call
lead
to
another
until
you
can
talk
to
someone
who
　63　(have)
the
magic
key
to
open
the
door.
But
　64　(lucky)
it
took
only
3
calls.
?
A
few
days
later
I
received
a
lovely
e-mail
from
the
mom,
thanking
me
for
my
help
as
they
now
have
　65　
special
ball
with
all
its
memories
back
to
the
little
girl.
?
答案
56.rolling　考查非谓语动词。在find的复合结构中,it作宾语,与roll是主动关系,因此用现在分词作宾补,故填rolling。
57.had
been
given　考查时态和语态。give这个动作发生在knew之前,即过去的过去,使用过去完成时,give与ball之间又是被动关系。故填had
been
given。
58.who　考查定语从句。先行词是grandfather,关系词在定语从句中作主语,引导非限制性定语从句,故填who。
59.creative　考查形容词。设空处为表语,形容词作表语,故填creative。
60.to
help　考查不定式。take
time
to
do
sth.花时间做某事,故填to
help。
61.at　考查介词。be
good
at擅长,故填at。
62.situations　考查名词复数。these后用名词复数,故填situations。
63.has　考查时态。定语从句的先行词是someone,结合上下文可知要用一般现在时,故填has。
64.luckily　考查副词。修饰整句话应用副词,故填luckily。
65.the　考查冠词。此处表示特指,特指那个特殊的球,故填the。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)
(2020广东中山第一中学月考)
假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。十月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech
contest),你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件:
1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况;
2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙;
3.告诉Tom你打算比赛后去看他。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
答案
One
possible
version:?
Dear
Tom,?
It
has
been
a
month
since
you
studied
in
Beijing.
How
are
things
going
these
days?
I'm
writing
to
tell
you
that
I
am
going
to
take
part
in
an
English
speech
contest
for
middle
school
students
in
October.
The
opportunity
is
of
great
importance
to
me,so
I
am
busy
making
preparations
for
it
to
have
a
good
performance.
?
However,
I
still
have
some
difficulty
in
collecting
useful
materials.
Meanwhile,I
find
it
hard
to
use
English
properly.
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
lend
me
a
hand.
I
miss
you
so
much
that
I
hope
to
see
you
in
Beijing
after
the
English
contest.?
I
am
looking
forward
to
the
cheerful
moment
that
we
will
spend
together.
?
Yours,
Li
Hua?
第二节　概要写作(满分25分)
　　阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(2020浙江杭州八校联考高二上期中考试)
Look
inside
any
family
home
in
the
evening,
and
you
might
see
a
typical(典型的)
scene:
Mom
and
Dad,
each
on
their
own
laptop
or
tablet,
streaming
movies,
catching
up
on
work
or
maybe
answering
emails
on
their
smartphones.
Meanwhile,
one
child
is
chatting
online
with
one
school
friend
while
texting
another.
The
other
is
playing
a
video
game
with
a
friend
on
the
other
side
of
the
city
at
the
same
time.
Each
member
of
the
family
is
totally
buried
in
his
or
her
own
piece
of
technology.
According
to
some
experts,
the
effect
of
technology
on
human
relationships
is
worrying
as
technology
becomes
a
substitute(代替物)
for
the
face-to-face
human
relationship.
It
appears
to
be
the
case
that
many
people
would
rather
spend
time
with
their
electronic
gadgets(电子产品)
than
with
one
another.
Young
people
say
it
is
difficult
to
get
their
parents'
attention
and
they
have
to
compete
with
smartphones,
tablets
and
other
technology.
However,
a
report
from
the
Pew
Internet
and
American
Life
Project
offers
a
more
helpful
and
encouraging
view,
suggesting
that
far
from
replacing
human
contact,
technology
can
actually
better
family
relationships.
Just
over
half
of
the
2,253
people
surveyed
agreed
that
technology
had
enabled
them
to
increase
their
contact
with
distant
family
members
and
47
percent
said
it
had
improved
the
communication
with
the
people
they
lived
with.
Moreover,
even
the
closest
members
of
families
need
time
away
from
each
other
at
some
point
to
seek
their
own
interests.
Family
members
who
might
otherwise
have
sat
in
separate
rooms
can
now
be
in
the
same
one
while
still
occupying
a
different
mental
space.
Look
back
at
our
typical
family
scene
above.
Is
it
any
different
from
four
people
reading
their
own
books?
Or
is
it
driving
families
apart?
Where
technology
will
lead
us
remains
to
be
seen.
Yet
there
is
no
need
to
worry.
As
a
matter
of
fact,
how
it
affects
our
family
relationships
depends
on
our
attitude
toward
technology.
答案
One
possible
version:
Nowadays
family
members
are
often
found
lost
in
their
own
electronic
products.
Some
experts
fear
that
technology
can
affect
family
relationships
for
lack
of
face-to-face
communication.
However,
a
report
has
found
technology
benefits
family
bonds
because
it
makes
members
closer
and
provides
private
mental
space
as
well.
Actually,
not
technology
itself
but
people's
attitude
towards
it
influences
family
relations.?Unit
2　Onwards
and
upwards
背景导学
Four
Things
To
Do
When
Feeling
Like
Giving
Up
　　在生活中,在工作上,不管你是多么成功,成功都不会赋予你免受生活带来的苦难的能力。不管是在工作上还是感情上,当我们感觉我们生活的目的不明确,想要放弃的时候会怎样呢?
　　Go
Back
To
“Why”
As
Simon
Sinek
says,
it
starts
with
“why”.
Sometimes,
we
start
with
one
vision
in
mind
and
end
up
moving
so
far
away
from
why
we
started
a
business,
job
or
relationship
in
the
first
place
that
we
end
up
lost
and
questioning
our
decisions
and
actions.
Maybe
you
can't
remember
the
last
time
you
were
happy.
Perhaps
your
big
colorful
picture
of
where
you
wanted
to
head
has
slowly
turned
to
black
and
white.
Get
back
that
clarity!
Every
90
days
revisit
your
big
“why”
to
ensure
you're
on
track
and
achieving
what
you
want.
Learn
To
Feel
Uncomfortable
Life
is
not
easy
nor
is
it
meant
to
be.
We
are
always
facing
hurdles
and
obstacles
that
we
must
overcome,
which
is
all
part
of
the
journey.
If
you
can
accept
that
things
will
get
tough
and
it
won't
always
be
sweet-smelling
roses
and
docile
kittens,
you'll
get
yourself
better
prepared
for
what's
to
come.
When
you
feel
stuck
in
a
rut
you
must
learn
to
breathe,
reset
and
revisit
your
goals.
What
is
it
that
you're
going
for
in
business
and
in
life?
A
simple
readjustment
and
a
brief
“time
out”
can
dramatically
move
you
forward
like
you
never
thought
possible.
Win
Through
Persistence
Winston
Churchill
said,
“If
you
have
an
important
point
to
make,
don't
try
to
be
subtle
or
clever.
Use
a
pile
driver.
Hit
the
point
once.
Then
come
back
and
hit
it
again.
Then
hit
it
a
third
time—a
great
hit.”
Persistence
is
the
key
if
you
want
to
win.
I've
felt
like
giving
up
many
times
during
my
entrepreneurial
journey
and
the
persistence
to
make
things
happen
has
kept
me
going.
Understanding
and
truly
believing
that
persistence
delivers
results
will
keep
you
moving
forward.
Acknowledge
Challenges
Oh
yes,
there
will
be
tough
times—but
you
already
know
this.
When
you
feel
like
giving
up
because
it's
too
tough,
it's
not
a
surprise
as
you
knew
the
journey
wouldn't
be
full
of
rainbows
and
bunnies.
Acknowledge
the
challenge,
embrace
it,
learn
what
you
can
and
power
on!
【译文】
想要放弃时,要做的四件事
回过头来问自己“为什么”
就像西蒙·斯涅克所说,得先找找“为什么”。有时候,起初在我们心里都有一个关于事业、工作或感情的美好愿景,但是最后的结果却与我们的愿景相差太远。之后我们就会迷茫并且质疑我们最初的决定和行动。也许你不记得上次开心是什么时候。也许在你脑海中你想要去的地方的那个大的五彩缤纷的画面也已经慢慢地变成黑白色。让它变得清晰起来吧!每隔90天就问问自己“为什么”,以确保你走在正确的道路上,并实现你的目标。
学着去感受生活中的不舒适
生活并不容易,也不应该是容易的。在生活中,我们总是会遇到我们必须跨越的困难和障碍,因为这是这段旅途的一部分。你得接受这些你认为很困难的东西,生活中并不会满是芳香的玫瑰和温顺的小猫,为了能应对接下来所要面对的困难,你得让你自己变得更好。当你感觉生活刻板乏味时,你要学会呼吸、重新设立、重新审视你的目标。在你的事业和生活中,那算是什么?小小的调整,短暂的时间内就会让你做到在你过去认为那是不可能做到的事。
坚持就是胜利
温斯顿·丘吉尔说过,“要是你有一件重要的事情要去做,不要试着去洞察一切,或者是自作聪明,用你满腔的干劲儿,做第一次,不行就回到原点,再试一次,或者做第三次——或者很多次。”要是你想要取得胜利,坚持才是最重要的。在我创业期间我觉得我放弃了很多次,但是是坚持不懈地去做才让我获得了成功。真正地了解,真正地相信坚持不懈会让你不断前进。
接受挑战
哦,是的,肯定会有一段艰苦的岁月——但是你是早已经知道会这样的。当你感觉太困难而想要放弃的时候,你也并不会觉得很惊讶,因为这段旅程注定不会一帆风顺。接受挑战,拥抱它,学习你能学到的,掌握你能掌握的能力。
Section
Ⅰ　Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.课标单词
1.单词拼写
①inform/?n?f??m/v.通知,告知
②dread/dred/v.畏惧,惧怕
③overnight/???v??na?t/adv.突然,一下子
④persevere/?p??s??v??/v.锲而不舍,坚持不懈
⑤manuscript/?m?njuskr?pt/n.手稿,底稿
⑥rye/ra?/n.黑麦
⑦best-seller/?best?sel?/n.畅销书;畅销产品
⑧Victorian/v?k?t??ri?n/adj.英国维多利亚(女王)时代的
⑨laureate/?l??ri?t/n.重要奖项获得者
⑩endurance/?n?dj??r?ns/n.(忍)耐力
delighted/d??la?t?d/adj.愉快的,高兴的
2.根据英文释义选词填空
debt,
pace,
nevertheless,
outcome
　①pace
the
speed
at
which
something
happens
or
is
done
②outcome
the
result
or
effect
of
an
action
or
event
③debt
an
amount
of
money
that
you
owe
④nevertheless
despite
something
that
you
have
just
mentioned
3.词汇拓展
①rarely/?re?li/adv.很少,难得→rare/re?(r)/adj.稀少的;稀罕的;珍贵的
②rejection/r??d?ek?(?)n/n.拒绝,否决→reject/r??d?ekt/v.拒绝,不接受;排斥
③criticism/?kr?t?s?z(?)m/n.批评;指责→criticise/?kr?t?sa?z/v.批评;批判;挑剔;指责→critic/?kr?t?k/n.评论家;批评者→critical/?kr?t?kl/adj.批评的;批判性的;挑剔的
④classic/?kl?s?k/n.名著;经典作品adj.典型的,第一流的→classical/?kl?s?kl/adj.古典的;经典的;传统的
⑤guarantee/?ɡ?r?n?ti?/v.保证;确保→guaranteed/?ɡ?r?n?ti?d/adj.必然的;确定会发生的
Ⅱ.情境词块
1.give
up
放弃
2.regret
to
do
对做……感到遗憾
3.take
for
example
以……为例
4.have...in
common
with
与……有共同点
5.stick...on
粘上
6.survive
on
靠……活下来;靠……生存
7.along
the
lines
of
类似于(提及的方式或东西)
8.turn
down
拒绝;调低(音量或热度)
9.a
total
of
总共,总计,总数为
10.translate
into
翻译成
11.along
with
连同……一起,与……一道;沿(顺)着
12.struggle
to
do
努力做;挣扎着去做
13.dream
of
梦想
14.in
print
(指书)已印好,可买到;(指作品)已印出,已出版
15.under...names
用……名字
16.play
a
part
起作用;扮演角色
17.devote
oneself
to
致力于,献身于,投身于
18.make
a
living
谋生
Ⅲ.情境佳句
1.
句型公式
独立主格结构
教材原句
The
response
from
a
publisher
comes
back
and
the
writer
eagerly
opens
and
reads
it,
their
hearts
sinking
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence.
尝试翻译
出版商给了回信,作家急切地拆开来读,但读到这最后一句,心随即跌落谷底。
2.
句型公式
现在分词短语作伴随状语
教材原句
Rowling
had
spent
years
surviving
on
little
money,
spending
all
her
time
writing.
尝试翻译
罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活,她把所有时间都用来写作。
3.
句型公式
not...until...“直到……才……”
教材原句
“I
wasn't
going
to
give
up
until
every
single
publisher
turned
me
down,
but
I
often
feared
that
would
happen,”
she
later
posted.
尝试翻译
“我不会放弃的,除非所有的出版商都拒绝我。不过我常常担心这真的会发生。”她后来说。
4.
句型公式
to
do不定式作表语
教材原句
Their
response
was
to
write
a
book
of
poems
under
male
names.
尝试翻译
她们的应对方式是以男性名字为笔名写了一本诗集。
5.
句型公式
祈使句+and+陈述句
教材原句
Keep
trying
and
eventually
you
will
read
the
words
“We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...”
尝试翻译
坚持下去,你终会收到这样的回复:“我们高兴地通知您……”
Ⅰ.文本理解
Step
1　Reading
for
the
main
idea.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.Persistence
is
the
key
to
success.
B.Hard
work
leads
to
success.
C.The
response
disappoints
authors.
D.All
authors
achieve
great
aims.
答案　A
Step
2　Reading
for
the
structure.
　　Fill
in
the
following
blanks
with
proper
words.
J.K.
Rowling
Although
1.rejected
twelve
times
by
publishers,
she
became
famous
for
Harry
Potter,
which
became
a
global
2.success.
J.D.
Salinger
He
received
3.criticism
and
rejection
from
several
publishers.
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
became
an
immediate
best-seller
after
it
was
4.published.
5.Bront?
sisters
Their
book
of
poems
which
they
wrote
under
6.male
names
sold
only
two
copies.
However,
Jane
Eyre,
Wuthering
Heights
and
Agnes
Grey
are
7.regarded
as
classics
of
world
literature.
Conclusion:
8.Perseverance
is
the
key
to
success.
Step
3　Reading
for
the
details.
　　Choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
text.
1.What's
the
author's
purpose
by
writing
the
last
sentence
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.To
advise
us
to
be
patient.
B.To
show
everyone
must
face
rejection.
C.To
introduce
the
following
context.
D.To
promote
novels
of
the
famous
authors.
答案　C
2.What's
the
meaning
of
“Nevertheless”
in
Paragraph
2?
A.Therefore.　B.However.　C.Besides.　D.Afterwards.
答案　B
3.Why
did
Bront?
sisters
write
a
book
of
poems
under
male
names?
A.Because
they
liked
male
names.
B.Because
Robert
Southey
discouraged
them
from
writing.
C.Because
male
names
were
more
powerful.
D.Because
the
tradition
didn't
allow
women
to
write.
答案　D
4.According
to
the
passage,
success
comes
to
those
who
.
A.stick
to
their
dreams
B.may
give
up
at
times
C.like
creating
new
ideas
D.dare
to
challenge
themselves
答案　A
Ⅱ.难句突破
1.[图解难句]
[自我分析]本句是并列复合句,
Harry
Potter
became
a
global
success是非限制性定语从句,其关系词是as;with
over
400
million
books
sold
and
translated
into
more
than
seventy
different
languages是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构。
[尝试翻译]在收到总共12封拒稿信后,终于有一家出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册。我们都知道,《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功,销量超过4亿册,被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。
2.[图解难句]
[自我分析]when
serving
in
the
US
Army
during
the
Second
World
War是省略he
was的时间状语从句,其中逻辑主语he与serve之间是逻辑上的主动关系;he是主语,carried和worked
on是并列谓语。
[尝试翻译]甚至在二战期间,他在美国陆军服役时,还随身携带了《麦田里的守望者》一书的六章内容,并在整个服役期间一直致力于小说的修改。
3.[图解难句]
[自我分析]本句是主从复合句。the
overall
prize
for
perseverance是主语,should
go
to
three
sisters
from
Victorian
England是谓语和宾语;who
dreamt
of
seeing
their
words
in
print是定语从句,in
print是介词短语作宾语补足语。?
[尝试翻译]也许,坚持不懈的最高荣誉应该颁给来自维多利亚时代的英国的三姐妹,她们梦想着看到自己的作品出版。
Ⅲ.文本复述
Step
1　Question
Answering
　　根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.What
have
many
famous
writers
previously
faced
when
it
comes
to
success?
When
it
comes
to
success,
many
famous
writers
have
previously
faced
rejection.?
2.How
many
times
was
J.K.
Rowling
rejected
by
publishers
before
Harry
Potter
became
a
global
success?
J.K.
Rowling
was
rejected
twelve
times
by
publishers
before
Harry
Potter
became
a
global
success.?
3.Did
J.D.Salinger,
whose
novel
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
became
an
immediate
best-seller
after
it
was
published,
receive
criticism
and
rejection
from
several
publishers?
Yes,
he
did.?
4.What
are
Bront?
sisters'
novels
regarded
as
today,
while
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers
in
Victorian
times?
While
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers
in
Victorian
times,
today
Bront?
sisters'
novels
are
regarded
as
classics
of
world
literature.?
5.What
is
the
key
to
success?
Perseverance
is
the
key
to
success.?
Step
2　Text
Retelling
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的60词左右的短文。
When
it
comes
to
success,
many
famous
writers
have
previously
faced
rejection.
Here
are
three
examples.
J.K.
Rowling
was
rejected
twelve
times
by
publishers
before
Harry
Potter
became
a
global
success.
J.D.
Salinger,
whose
novel
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
became
an
immediate
best-seller
after
it
was
published,
also
received
criticism
and
rejection
from
several
publishers.
While
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers
in
Victorian
times,
today
Bront?
sisters'
novels
are
regarded
as
classics
of
world
literature.
In
short,
perseverance
is
the
key
to
success.?
板块一　语言知识
1.“We
regret
to
inform
you...”
These
are
the
words
that
every
writer
dreads
receiving,
but
words
every
writer
knows
well.
(教材P14)“我们抱歉地通知您……”
这句话对每个作家而言,既可怕又熟悉。
语言点1
regret
v.感到遗憾;惋惜;懊悔
情境探究
①I
regretted
having
left
the
work
unfinished.
这件工作我没有做完,感到有些后悔。
②We
regret
to
inform
you
that
your
application
has
not
been
successful.
我们很遗憾地通知您,您的申请未通过。
③I
regret
that
I
am
unable
to
accept
your
kind
invitation.
很遗憾,我不能接受你的友好邀请。
④It
is
with
great
regret
that
our
department
has
to
downsize
to
three
people.
非常遗憾的是,我们的部门要减员至三人。
归纳拓展
(1)regret
having
done/doing
sth.后悔做了某事
regret
to
say/tell/inform...that遗憾地说/告知……
regret
that+从句　很遗憾……
(2)to
one's
regret让某人感到遗憾的是
with
great/deep
regret很遗憾
(3)regretful
adj.遗憾的;后悔的
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①It
cost
me
a
fortune,
but
I
didn't
regret
spending
(spend)
a
year
traveling
around
the
world.
②Much
to
my
regret,
I
am
unable
to
accept
your
invitation.
③I
regret
to
tell
(tell)you
that
your
problems
are
beyond
my
power.
You'll
have
to
turn
to
someone
else,
I'm
afraid.?
④Surprisingly,
she
didn't
feel
nervous,
or
regretful
(regret)
about
her
actions.
(2)单句写作
⑤她懊悔没能看那场电影。
She
regretted
having
missed/not
having
seen
the
film.?
⑥很抱歉地通知您,因航班延误,我将无法参加会议。
I
regret
to
inform
you
that
I
won't
be
able
to
join
the
meeting
due
to
the
late
arrival
of
my
flight.?
语言点2
inform
v.
通知,告知
情境探究
①(2018全国卷Ⅰ)Now,
I
am
writing
to
inform
you
of
some
relevant
details.现在,我写信告诉你一些相关的细节。
②We
were
informed
that
our
school
would
reopen
on
May
19th.我们获悉学校将于5月19日复课。
③(2019全国卷Ⅲ)Be
sure
to
stay
on
topic
and
not
offer
irrelevant
information.
一定要紧扣主题,不要提供不相关的信息。
④The
school
promised
to
keep
parents
informed
about
the
situation.
学校答应让家长随时了解情况。
归纳拓展
(1)inform
sb.
of/about
sth.
通知(告知)某人某事
inform
that+从句　通知,告知
(2)information
n.信息(不可数名词)
(3)informed
adj.有知识的;了解情况的;见多识广的
头脑风暴
类似“动词+sb.+of
sth.”结构的常见动词短语还有哪些?
答案:
cure
sb.
of
sth.治愈某人的病;改正某人的不良行为
remind
sb.
of
sth.使某人想起某情况(事)
rob
sb.
of
sth.抢劫某人某物
warn
sb.
of
sth.警告某人某事
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①(2018江苏卷)Two
days
ago,
Mom
asked
me
to
find
relevant
information
(inform)
on
the
Internet.
②The
kids
are
much
better
informed
(inform)
than
I
was
at
their
age.
③Mr.
Smith
looked
blank
when
he
was
informed
(inform)
of
his
dismissal.?
(2)单句写作
④后来他告诉我,我“不擅长运动”。(2018北京卷)
He
later
informed
me
that
I
was
“not
athletic”.?
⑤他们将把自己所取得的任何进展都告诉他。
They
would
inform
him
of
any
progress
they
had
made.
?
⑥我们能够从互联网上获得我们需要的信息。
We
were
able
to
get
the
information
we
needed
from
the
Internet.?
2.The
response
from
a
publisher
comes
back
and
the
writer
eagerly
opens
and
reads
it,
their
hearts
sinking
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence.
(教材P14)出版商给了回信,作家急切地拆开来读,但读到这最后一句,心随即跌落谷底。
语言点3
独立主格
情境探究
①He
sat
in
the
front
row,
his
mouth
half
open.
=He
sat
in
the
front
row,
and
his
mouth
was
half
open.
他坐在前排,嘴半张着。
②Her
work
done,
she
sat
down
for
a
cup
of
tea.
=When
her
work
was
done,
she
sat
down
for
a
cup
of
tea.
她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。
③Many
trees,
flowers
and
grass
to
be
planted,
our
school
will
look
more
beautiful.种上许多的树、花和草后,我们的学校将看上去会更美。
④The
huntsman
entered
the
forest,
gun
in
hand.
那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。
归纳拓展
(1)their
hearts
sinking为独立主格结构,为“名词+现在分词”形式,在句中作状语。
(2)独立主格结构一般放在句子中作状语。它不是一个完整的句子,其构成还有以下几种形式:
①名词(代词)+形容词
②名词(代词)+副词
③名词(代词)+介词短语
④名词(代词)+不定式
⑤名词(代词)+过去分词
名师点津
独立主格结构的特点:
(1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在;
(2)独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开;
(3)“with+复合宾语”结构也可看作是独立主格结构的一种形式。
He
lay
there,
his
hands
trembling.
=He
lay
there,
with
his
hands
trembling.
他躺在那儿,双手发抖。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①The
party
will
be
held
in
the
garden,
weather
permitting
(permit).
②There
being
(be)
no
buses,
they
had
to
walk
home.
③The
road
covered
(cover)
with
snow,
they
had
to
stay
at
home.
(2)句型升级
④The
boy
lay
on
his
back
and
his
hands
were
crossed
under
his
head.
→The
boy
lay
on
his
back,
his
hands
crossed
under
his
head.
?
⑤Because
there
were
two
exams
to
take
the
next
day,
Tom
spent
a
sleepless
night.
→Two
exams
to
take
the
next
day,
Tom
spent
a
sleepless
night.?
⑥Because
the
guide
led
the
way,
we
had
no
trouble
getting
out
of
the
forest.
→The
guide
leading
the
way,
we
had
no
trouble
getting
out
of
the
forest.?
3.Everyone
knows
that
success
rarely
happens
overnight,
but
perhaps
not
many
know
that
a
lot
of
highly
successful
writers
have
previously
faced
rejection.(教材P14)
大家都明白,成功不是一蹴而就的;但也许很多人都不知道,许多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。
语言点4
rarely
adv.很少,难得
情境探究
①They
battled
against
other
Indian
tribes,
but
rarely
fought
with
the
whites.
他们与其他印第安部落交战,但很少与白人作战。
②I
very
rarely
wear
a
raincoat
because
I
spend
most
of
my
time
in
a
car.
我很少穿雨衣,因为我大部分时间都在车上。
③It's
extremely
rare
for
her
to
lose
her
temper.
她难得发脾气。
归纳拓展
rare
adj.稀少的;稀罕的,珍贵的
It's
rare
for
sb.
to
do
sth.对某人来说做某事是罕见的
名师点津
rarely是含有否定意义的副词,位于句首时,句子应部分倒装,有类似用法的否定副词还有never、little、seldom、hardly、scarcely、nor、neither等。
She
is
a
warm-hearted
person.
Rarely
does
she
refuse
to
help
others.
她是个热心肠的人,极少拒绝帮助别人。
Hardly
has
he
been
seen
playing
basketball
recently.
最近几乎没见过他打篮球。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①It
is
rare
to
see
(see)
such
a
sight
in
winter.?
②I
rarely
(rare)
have
time
to
read
a
newspaper.
(2)句型转换
③I
have
rarely
seen
such
a
beautiful
sunset.
→Rarely
have
I
seen
such
a
beautiful
sunset.
(倒装句)?
4.When
she
received
her
first
rejection
letter,
she
decided
that
it
meant
she
now
had
something
in
common
with
her
favourite
writers,
and
stuck
it
on
her
kitchen
wall.(教材P14)
当她收到第一封拒稿信时,她决定把这看作是自己与喜爱的作家之间有了共同之处,并把这封信贴在厨房的墙上。
语言点5
have
something
in
common
with
与……有共同之处
情境探究
①Mary
claimed
that
she
had
much/a
lot
in
common
with
the
character
she
plays.
玛丽说她同她扮演的角色有许多共同之处。
②In
common
with
most
educated
people,
she
prefers
classical
music
to
jazz.
像大多数受过教育的人一样,她喜欢古典音乐胜过爵士音乐。
③Joe
and
his
friend
own
the
restaurant
in
common.
乔和他的朋友共同拥有这家餐馆。
归纳拓展
have
much/a
lot
in
common
with与……有很多共同之处
have
little/nothing
in
common与……几乎没有/没有共同之处
in
common
with与……相同
in
common共有,公有
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①In
common
with
many
people,
he
likes
traveling
during
the
vacation.
②In
fact,
Tina
and
I
have
a
lot
in
common
with
each
other,
while
my
sister
and
I
are
totally
different.
③Tom
and
I
rent
the
same
house,
so
we
have
a
kitchen
in
common.
(2)单句写作
④虽然他们是兄弟,但他们并没有共同之处。
Though
they
are
brothers,
they
have
nothing
in
common
with
one
another.?
⑤和许多人一样,我喜欢白色,因为它是纯洁的象征。
In
common
with
many
people,
I
like
white
as
it
is
a
symbol
of
purity.?
5.“I
wasn't
going
to
give
up
until
every
single
publisher
turned
me
down,
but
I
often
feared
that
would
happen,”
she
later
posted.(教材P14)“我不会放弃的,除非所有的出版商都拒绝我。不过我常常担心这真的会发生。”她后来说。
语言点6
turn
down
拒绝;把……调低,关小
情境探究
①Please
turn
the
radio
down;
I
am
trying
to
sleep.
请将收音机音量调小,我想睡觉了。
②She
turned
on
the
light
as
soon
as
she
heard
his
footsteps.
她一听到他的脚步声就把灯打开了。
③(2019天津卷)The
book
turns
out
to
be
one
that
has
appealed
to
the
world
for
more
than
350
years.结果证明,这本书在过去的350多年里吸引着全世界的目光。
④(2018全国卷Ⅲ)He
turned
up
at
the
hospital
bearing
gifts
for
the
new
mother
Lindsey
and
her
baby
boy.
他带着礼物来到医院给新妈妈林德赛和她的孩子。
归纳拓展
turn
on接通(水、煤气、电流等)(反义词组turn
off)
turn
out结果是,证明是,生产
turn
up
调高;出现
turn
to求助于;转向
turn
over(使)翻转;仔细思考
turn
back
往回走,(使)折回
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①(2019全国卷Ⅰ)It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green,
growing
things
can
reduce
stress,
lower
blood
pressure,
and
put
people
into
a
better
mood.
②Please
turn
the
lights
off
when
you
leave
the
room.
③Please
turn
to
the
police
for
help
when
you
are
in
trouble.
④Tom
had
to
turn
down
the
invitation
to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.
(2)单句写作
⑤上周,我们带我们学校的外国学生去体验了正宗的茶文化,结果是非常有收获的。(2018北京卷,书面表达)
Last
week,
we
took
the
foreign
students
in
our
school
to
experience
the
authentic
tea
culture,
which
turned
out
to
be
extremely
rewarding.?
⑥此外,当你遇到一些令人困惑的问题时,请不要犹豫来找我帮忙。
Furthermore,
when
you
meet
with
some
puzzling
questions,
don't
hesitate
to
turn
to
me.?
6.So,
it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn't
enough
to
guarantee
success.
(教材P15)因此,仅凭天赋似乎不足以保证成功。
语言点7
guarantee
v.保证,担保,保障;确保
n.保证,担保;保修单,担保书;抵押物
情境探究
①We
guarantee
to
deliver
your
goods
within
a
week.
我们保证一周内交货。
②These
days
getting
a
degree
doesn't
guarantee
you
a
job.
如今获得学位并不能保证你就有工作。
③If
we
try
to
keep
it
a
secret,
she's
guaranteed
to
find
out.
如果我们试图保密,她肯定会发现。
④My
watch
is
only
one
year
old
and
is
still
under
guarantee.
我的表只买了一年,还在保修期内。
归纳拓展
(1)guarantee
to
do
sth.
保证做某事
guarantee
sb.
sth.确保某人有某物
be
guaranteed
to
do
sth.
肯定会做某事;必定会做某事
(2)offer/provide
a
guarantee提供担保
under
guarantee在保修期内
词汇助记
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①Tonight's
victory
guarantees
the
team's
place
in
the
final.
v.确保
②He
gave
me
a
guarantee
that
it
would
never
happen
again.
n.保证
③We
can't
guarantee
that
you
are
going
to
get
the
cheapest
tickets
possible.
v.保证
(2)单句填空
④My
bike
is
still
under
guarantee,
so
they'll
repair
it
for
free.
⑤Just
looking
at
a
picture
of
the
sea
is
guaranteed
to
make
(make)
me
feel
sick.?
⑥We
guarantee
to
give
(give)
your
money
back
if
you
are
not
delighted
with
your
purchase.?
7.While
a
lot
of
hard
work
and
a
touch
of
luck
play
a
part,
perseverance
is
the
key.(教材P15)不懈的努力和一点点运气固然很重要,但坚持不懈才是关键。
语言点8
play
a
part
扮演角色,参与;起作用
情境探究
①Geography
also
plays
a
part
in
making
dialects.
地理环境对方言的形成也有影响。
②The
actress
wanted
to
play
the
part
of
an
old
woman
in
the
play.
这位女演员想在剧中扮演一个老妇人的角色。
③She
invited
me
to
take
part
in
her
party
but
I
hung
back.
她邀请我去参加她的聚会,可我却犹豫不决。
归纳拓展
play
a
part
in=play
a
role
in
在……扮演角色;在……起作用
play
the
part
of...扮演……的角色
take
part
in参加
take
an
active
part
in积极参加
易混辨析
(1)play
a
part/role
in+表示组织/活动/戏剧等的词;
(2)play
the
part
of+表示成员、身份或角色等的词。
Audrey
Hepburn
played
the
part/role
of
Princess
Ann
in
the
film
Roman
Holiday.
奥黛丽·赫本在电影《罗马假日》中扮演安公主。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①In
the
opera
he
plays
the
part
of
an
old
fisherman.
②Professor
King
says
loss
of
culture,
land
and
language
all
play
a
part
in
poor
health.
③I'll
take
an
active
part
in
physical
training
and
enter
the
next
spring
sports.
(2)单句写作
④成功的关键是积极参与这些活动并抓住每一个机会。
The
key
to
success
is
to
take
an
active
part
in
those
activities
and
seize
every
chance.
?
⑤随着科技的发展,智能手机在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology,
smart
phones
have
played
an
important
part
in
our
daily
life.?
板块二　课文对译
用适当的词句补全教材原文。
We
Regret
to
Inform
You...
“We
regret
to
inform①
you...”
These
are
the
words
that
every
writer
dreads
receiving,
but
words
every
writer
knows
well.
The
response
from
a
publisher
comes
back
and
the
writer
eagerly
opens
and
reads
it,
their
hearts
sinking
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence②.
You
may
have
spent
years
giving
up
your
weekends
and
free
time
to
write
your
life's
work,
yet
still
this
is
often
not
enough.
Everyone
knows
that
success
rarely
happens
overnight,
but
perhaps
not
many
know
that
a
lot
of
highly
successful
writers
have
previously
faced
rejection.?
[文本解读]本文属于“总—分—总”结构,首段以“We
regret
to
inform
you...”引出本文主题,本段末句起承上启下的作用。
我们抱歉地通知您……
“我们抱歉地通知①您……”
这句话对每个作家而言既可怕又熟悉。出版商给了回信,作家急切地拆开来读,但读到这最后一句,心随即跌落谷底②。你可能已经花费数年时间,放弃了周末和空闲时间去创作你毕生的作品,但这往往还不够。大家都明白,成功不是一蹴而就的;但也许很多人都不知道,许多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。
　　Take
for
example③
J.K.
Rowling.
When
she
received
her
first
rejection
letter,
she
decided
that
it
meant
she
now
had
something
in
common
with④
her
favourite
writers,
and
stuck
it
on
her
kitchen
wall.
Rowling
had
spent
years
surviving
on
little
money,
spending
all
her
time
writing.
When
she
finally
finished
her
first
book,
she
received
comments
from
publishers
along
the
lines
of
“too
difficult
for
children”,
“too
long”,
“Children
would
not
be
interested
in
it”.
Nevertheless,
she
persevered.
“I
wasn't
going
to
give
up
until
every
single
publisher
turned
me
down⑤,
but
I
often
feared
that
would
happen,”
she
later
posted.
After
a
total
of
twelve
rejections,
one
publisher
eventually
agreed
to
print
500
copies
of
her
first
book,
and
as
we
know,
Harry
Potter
became
a
global
success,
with
over
400
million
books
sold
and
translated
into
more
than
seventy
different
languages.?
[文本解读]以英国著名作家J.
K.
Rowling为例,阐释了勇往直前,永不放弃的精神。
　　以J.
K.
罗琳为例③。当她收到第一封拒稿信时,她决定把这看作是自己与喜爱的作家之间有了共同之处④,并把这封信贴在厨房的墙上。罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活,她把所有时间都用在写作上。当她终于完成第一本书时,出版商给出的评价却是“对孩子来说太难理解”
“太长”
“孩子们不会对它感兴趣”等等。尽管如此,她还是坚持了下来。“我不会放弃的,除非所有的出版商都拒绝⑤我。不过我常常担心这真的会发生。”她后来说。在收到12封拒稿信后,终于有一家出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册。我们都知道,《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功,销量超过4亿册,被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。
　　All
too
often
writers
of
great
works
have
had
to
face
criticism
along
with
rejection.
J.D.
Salinger
started
writing
short
stories
in
high
school,
but
later
struggled
to
get
his
works
published.
“We
feel
that
we
don't
know
the
central
character
well
enough”
was
the
criticism
he
received
on
his
manuscript
for
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye.
Despite
rejections
from
several
publishers,
J.D.Salinger
refused
to
give
up⑥.
Even
when
serving
in
the
US
Army
during
the
Second
World
War,
he
carried
six
chapters
of
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
with
him
and
worked
on
the
novel
throughout
his
war
service.
When
it
was
eventually
published,
the
book
became
an
immediate
best-seller
and
went
on
to
sell
millions
and
millions
of
copies.?
[文本解读]本段讲述了J.D.
Salinger如何面对困境、迎接挑战并最终获得成功。
　　伟大作品的作家也常常在被回绝的同时还要遭受批评。J.
D.塞林格从高中就开始写短篇小说了,但之后他的作品却难以发表。“我们觉得自己无法充分理解主人公”
这是他的《麦田里的守望者》的手稿收到的批评。即使被多家出版商回绝,J.
D.塞林格也从未放弃⑥。甚至在二战期间在美国陆军服役时,他还随身携带了《麦田里的守望者》一书的六章内容,并在整个服役期间一直致力于小说的修改。最终,这本书一经出版,便立刻成为畅销书,卖出了上千万册。
　　Perhaps
the
overall
prize
for
perseverance
should
go
to
three
sisters
from
Victorian
England
who
dreamt
of
seeing
their
words
in
print.
This,
however,
was
a
time
when
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers.
As
the
then
Poet
Laureate,
Robert
Southey,
wrote
to
one
of
them:
“Literature
cannot
be
the
business
of
a
woman's
life,
and
it
ought
not
to
be.”
Nevertheless,
the
sisters
didn't
stop
trying.
Their
response
was
to
write
a
book
of
poems
under
male
names⑦.
Even
when
the
book
sold
only
two
copies,
the
sisters
still
didn't
give
up.
They
started
writing
novels,
and
today
Charlotte
Bront?'s
Jane
Eyre,
Emily
Bront?'s
Wuthering
Heights
and
Anne
Bront?'s
Agnes
Grey
are
regarded
as
classics
of
world
literature.
In
fact,
it
is
within
the
pages
of
Jane
Eyre
that
we
can
find
these
words:“I
honour
endurance,
perseverance,
industry,
talent;
because
these
are
the
means
by
which
men
achieve
great
ends...”?
[文本解读]本段讲述了Bront?姐妹勇敢面对挫折,并最终获得成功的故事,第二、三、四段为平行结构。
　　也许坚持不懈的最高荣誉应该颁给来自维多利亚时代的英国的三姐妹。她们梦想着看到自己的作品出版。然而,这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人罗伯特·骚塞在给她们其中一位的信中所说:“文学不可能也不应该成为女人的事业。”尽管如此,三姐妹并没有放弃尝试。她们的应对方式是以男性名字为笔名⑦写了一本诗集。虽然这本诗集只卖出了两册,但她们还是没有放弃,转而开始写小说。如今,夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮丝·格雷》被认为是世界文学的经典之作。其实,这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的:“我崇尚忍耐、坚毅、勤奋、天赋;因为只有依靠这些,人们才能实现宏大的目标……”
　　So,
it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn't
enough
to
guarantee⑧
success.
While
a
lot
of
hard
work
and
a
touch
of
luck
play
a
part,
perseverance
is
the
key.
Keep
trying
and
eventually
you
will
read
the
words
“We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...”
[文本解读]本段是总结段,“We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...”与题目和首段的第一句相呼应。通过学习本文可以培养青少年面对挫折,不轻言放弃的毅力和品质。
　　因此,仅凭天赋似乎不足以保证⑧成功。不懈的努力和一点点运气固然很重要,但坚持不懈才是关键。坚持下去,你终会收到这样的回复:“我们高兴地通知您……”
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.He
managed
to
pay
off
his
debts(债务)
in
two
years.
2.Children
learn
best
by
studying
at
their
own
pace
(进度).
3.The
truth
is
rarely(难得)
pure
and
never
simple.
4.Children
who
have
had
bad
experiences
fear
rejection(拒绝).
5.There
is
little
chance
that
we
will
succeed
in
changing
the
law.
Nevertheless(不过),
it
is
important
that
we
try.
6.Plans
for
the
new
road
have
drawn
strong
criticism
(批评)from
local
people.
7.Jane
Austen's
novels
are
among
the
best-loved
classics(名著)
in
English
literature.
8.We
cannot
guarantee(保证)
that
our
flights
will
never
be
delayed.
9.My
wife
was
delighted(高兴的)
that
things
had
returned
to
normal
once
more.
10.Whatever
the
final
outcome(结果)
of
the
talks,
the
war
should
end
soon.
Ⅱ.语境选词
give
up,
take...for
example,
stick...on,
survive
on,
a
total
of,
dream
of,
in
print,
make
a
living
1.How
does
it
feel
to
finally
see
one
of
your
articles
in
print??
2.Don't
forget
to
remove
the
token(代金券)
and
stick
it
on
your
card.
3.You
got
47
points
on
the
written
examination
and
18
on
the
oral,
making
a
total
of
65.?
4.Take
the
simple
sentence
for
example:
“The
man
climbed
up
the
hill.”
?
5.The
family
refused
to
give
up
any
of
their
land.?
6.The
family
are
struggling
to
survive
on
very
little
money.?
7.My
brother
had
always
dreamed/dreamt
of
going
to
Africa.?
8.She
began
to
make
a
living
as
a
music
teacher
after
graduating
from
Shanghai
Conservatory
of
Music.?
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.完成任务后,我们进行了一次环球旅行。(独立主格)
The
task
completed,
we
had
a
global
travelling.?
2.他在部队服役时学会了开吉普车和卡车。(when
doing)
He
learned
to
drive
jeeps
and
trucks
when
serving
in
the
army.
?
3.向左转,你会看到一家银行旁边的邮局。(祈使句+and+陈述句)
Turn
left,
and
you
will
see
the
post
office
next
to
a
bank.?
4.怀里抱着一个睡着的婴儿,这位年轻妇女悄悄走进了房间。(with+宾语+宾语补足语)
With
a
baby
sleeping
in
her
arms,
the
young
woman
walked
into
the
room
quietly.?
5.他坐在扶手椅里,读着送报纸的男孩刚才送来的报纸。(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
He
sat
in
the
armchair,
reading
the
newspaper
delivered
by
the
delivery
boy
just
now.?
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
What
does
every
writer
most
dread
1.reading(read)
among
the
comments
from
publishers?
Yes,
it's
“We
regret
2.to
inform(inform)
you...”,
which
will
make
the
writers'
hearts
sink.
In
fact,
a
lot
of
successful
writers
have
3.previously
(previous)
faced
rejection.
?
J.K.
Rowling,
after
a
total
of
twelve
rejections,
eventually
got
her
first
book
Harry
Potter
published,
which
became
4.a
global
success.
Another
famous
writer
J.D.Salinger
persevered
5.in
working
on
his
novel
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
despite
the
criticism
along
with
rejections
from
several
publishers
and
when
it
was
eventually
published,
it
became
an
immediate
best-seller.
The
three
Bront?
sisters
lived
in
the
Victorian
Age,
a
time
6.when
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers.
Although
they
7.dreamed/dreamt
(dream)
of
seeing
their
words
in
print,
they
experienced
many
rejections.
However,
they
persevered
and
now,
Charlotte's
Jane
Eyre,
Emily's
Wuthering
Heights
and
Anne's
Agnes
Grey
8.are
regarded
(regard)
as
classics
of
world
literature.
?
From
the
stories
above,
we
can
learn
that
it
was
9.perseverance
(persevere)
that
made
them
realize
their
dreams.
Therefore,
keep
trying
and
you'll
eventually
read
the
words“We
are
10.delighted(delight)
to
inform
you...”
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Many
students
admitted
they
were
in
debt
when
at
college.
2.Western
food
and
Chinese
food
have
little
in
common
with
each
other.
3.The
test
finished
(finish),
we
began
to
travel
around
the
south
of
China.
4.Our
first
task
is
to
set
(set)
up
a
communication
system
in
the
mountains.
?
5.Zhou
Kai
is
so
healthy
a
boy
that
he
rarely
(rare)
gets
a
cold
or
flu.
6.Follow
the
suggestions
above,
and
you
will
feel
much
better
in
no
time.
7.He
cannot
guarantee
to
work
(work)
for
twelve
hours
a
day.
?
8.Children
who
have
had
bad
experiences
fear
rejection
(reject).
9.As
I
grow
older,
I
like
to
reread
the
classics
(classic)
regularly.
10.Jane
has
never
dreamed
of
receiving
a
letter
from
a
girl
of
her
own
age
in
Holland.
Ⅱ.同义替换
pace,
inform,
dread,
overnight,
give
up,
stick
to,
turn
down,
survive
on
1.I
thanked
him
for
the
offer
but
refused
it.
(turned
down)
2.Don't
listen
to
those
who
promise
you
wealth
suddenly.
(overnight)
3.She
realized
she
was
wrong
and
stopped
the
argument.
(gave
up)
4.Next
time
you
decide
to
take
action,
please
tell
me.
(inform)
5.He
came
off
the
road
while
driving
his
car
round
a
bend
at
high
speed.
(pace)
6.I
managed
to
persevere
in
the
diet
and
keep
off
sweet
foods.
(stick
to)?
7.We
all
fear
to
think
what
will
happen
if
the
factory
closes.
(dread)
8.Many
families
lived
on
leaves
when
their
villages
suffered
from
serious
floods.
(survived
on)?
Ⅲ.教材原句翻译
1.罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活,她把所有时间都用在写作上。
Rowling
had
spent
years
surviving
on
little
money,
spending
all
her
time
writing.?
2.我不会放弃的,除非所有的出版商都拒绝我。不过我常常担心这真的会发生。
I
wasn't
going
to
give
up
until
every
single
publisher
turned
me
down,
but
I
often
feared
that
would
happen.?
3.即使被多家出版商回绝,J.
D.
塞林格也从未放弃。
Despite
rejections
from
several
publishers,
J.D.Salinger
refused
to
give
up.?
4.然而,这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。
This,
however,
was
a
time
when
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers.?
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(2020北京丰台高二上期中联考)
Beverly
Cleary
has
sold
85
million
copies
of
41
books
and—if
those
numbers
weren't
impressive
enough—she
turns
100
on
Tuesday.
Though
the
world
was
a
very
different
place
when
Cleary
was
a
child,
she
has
always
maintained
that
kids
pretty
much
stay
the
same—which
explains
the
ongoing
popularity
of
her
beloved
characters,like
Ramona
Quimby,
Henry
Huggins
and
Ralph
S.
Mouse.
Cleary
was
in
her
early
30s
and
working
part
time
in
a
bookstore
when
she
sat
down
as
a
typewriter
to
see
if
just
maybe
she
could
write
a
book
for
kids.
She
had
worked
as
a
librarian
before
World
War
II,
and
she
wished
she'd
had
books
for
young
readers
about
children
living
everyday
lives.
“I
think
children
want
to
read
about
normal,everyday
kids,”
she
told
NPR
in
1999.“That's
what
I
wanted
to
read
about
when
I
was
growing
up.
I
wanted
to
read
about
the
sort
of
boys
and
girls
that
I
knew
in
my
neighborhood
and
in
my
school...
I
think
children
like
to
find
themselves
in
books.”
Her
first
book,
Henry
Huggins,
came
out
in
1950.
Henry
had
a
friend
named
Beezus,
and
Beezus
had
a
mischievous(爱恶作剧的)
but
lovable
little
sister
named
Ramona.
Over
the
next
five
decades,
Cleary
took
Ramona
all
the
way
from
the
nursery
school
(托儿所)to
the
fourth
grade.
Cleary
says
when
she
was
writing
Ramona,
she
took
inspiration(灵感)
from
a
little
girl
who
lived
in
the
house
behind
her
as
a
child.
Her
books
have
hooked
generations
of
children,
including
young
Jeff
Kinney,
who
grew
up
to
become
the
author
of
the
“Diary
of
a
Wimpy
Kid”
series.
“I
must
have
been
about
8
or
9
years
old
when
I
first
read
Beverly
Cleary,”
Kinney
recalls.
“The
book
that
really
grabbed
me
was
Ramona
Quimby,
aged
8.
She
looked
feral.
I
needed
to
get
to
know
this
character.”
“Most
kids
have
parents,
teachers,
bullies(欺凌)—we
all
experience
these
things,”Kinney
says.
“And
Beverly
Cleary
tapped
into
that.
Her
work
is
still
as
relevant
today
as
when
it
first
came
out.”
Now,
generations
of
children
have
been
fortunate
enough
to
enjoy
her
stories
of
Klickitat
Street.
1.What
can
we
infer
about
Beverly
Cleary's
works?
A.They
are
about
adults'
ordinary
lives.
B.They
interest
and
delight
young
readers.
C.They
receive
much
criticism
from
other
writers.
D.They
are
based
on
Cleary's
childhood
experiences.
2.What
gave
Cleary
inspiration
for
Ramona's
stories?
A.A
neighborhood
girl.
B.Her
work
as
a
librarian.
C.Her
fourth-grade
daughter.
D.Her
work
experience
in
a
bookstore.
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“hooked”
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.Described.　　　B.Praised.C.Surprised.　　　D.Attracted.
4.Which
of
the
following
can
best
describe
Beverly
Cleary?
A.Brave
and
patient.
B.Generous
and
honest.
C.Productive
and
influential.
D.Considerate
and
optimistic.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文介绍女作家Beverly
Cleary。她是一位多产且具有影响力的作家,她的书已经吸引了好几代孩子。
1.B　推理判断题。根据第五段Her
books
have
hooked
generations
of
children,
including
young
Jeff
Kinney,
who
grew
up
to
become
the
author
of
the
“Diary
of
a
Wimpy
Kid”
series.可知,Beverly
Cleary的作品使年轻读者感兴趣并使他们高兴。故选B。
2.A　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词inspiration
for
Ramona's
stories可以定位到第四段最后一句Cleary
says
when
she
was
writing
Ramona,
she
took
inspiration
from
a
little
girl
who
lived
in
the
house
behind
her
as
a
child.由此可知一个邻家女孩雷蒙娜的故事给了Cleary灵感。故选A。
3.D　词义猜测题。根据第五段中的Her
books
have
hooked
generations
of
children,
including
young
Jeff
Kinney.可知她的书已经吸引了几代的孩子,包括年轻的Jeff
Kinney。故选D。
4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句Beverly
Cleary
has
sold
85
million
copies
of
41
books
and—if
those
numbers
weren't
impressive
enough—she
turns
100
on
Tuesday.和第五段Her
books
have
hooked
generations
of
children,
including
young
Jeff
Kinney,
who
grew
up
to
become
the
author
of
the
“Diary
of
a
Wimpy
Kid”
series.可知,Beverly
Cleary是一位多产且具有影响力的作家。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020山东青岛黄岛高二上期中考试)
As
the
saying
goes,
“No
man
is
an
island.”
We
all
need
to
connect
with
other
people
to
fully
give
meaning
to
our
lives.
As
we
grow
older,
we
develop
closeness
to
certain
people.
　1　.?
A
Group
of
Friends
Having
a
group
of
friends
is
healthy
because
you
get
to
grow
and
learn
things
together.
　2　,
but
your
friends
will
always
relate
to
you
because
they
are
going
through
the
very
same
things.
A
good
group
of
friends
are
the
ones
who
make
you
a
better
person.?
Your
Best
Friend
Even
if
you
belong
to
a
group
of
friends,
there
will
always
be
that
one
person
you
trust
and
care
for
the
most.
A
best
friend
is
that
one
person
who
listens
to
your
problems
and
makes
sacrifices
for
your
sake.
　3　.
This
person
is
someone
who
will
believe
in
you
and
stand
by
you
every
step
of
the
way.?
The
Bonds
That
Last
　4　.
There
are
times
good
friends
are
separated
for
years,
but
when
they
meet
again,
they
feel
as
close
to
each
other
as
they
used
to
be
when
they
were
younger.
And
even
though
they
get
busy,
all
it
takes
is
a
reunion
to
rekindle
all
the
happy
memories
and
make
new
ones
in
the
process.?
A
Good
Friend
To
be
a
good
friend
does
not
have
to
mean
you
have
to
sacrifice
an
eye
or
a
limb
to
prove
your
loyalty.
You
do
not
have
superpowers
to
make
all
their
problems
go
away.
But
what
is
great
about
a
good
friend
is
that
when
you
need
him
or
her,
they
are
always
willing
to
be
there.
　5　.?
A.That
is
the
true
value
and
essence(精髓)
of
friendship
B.These
are
what
we
call
our
“friends”
C.Friendship
is
the
hardest
thing
in
the
world
to
explain
D.Friends
do
not
have
to
always
be
together
to
remain
friends
E.Parents
may
not
fully
understand
what
you
are
going
through
F.You
promise
to
stay
in
touch
with
people,
but
it
doesn't
work
out
G.He
or
she
is
your
shoulder
to
cry
on
and
your
defender
from
your
oppressors
(压迫者)
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　俗话说:“没有人是一座孤岛。”
我们都需要与他人联系,以充分赋予我们生活的意义。随着年龄的增长,我们与某些人的关系越来越亲密。
1.B　考查段尾句和逻辑关系。根据前文As
we
grow
older,
we
develop
closeness
to
certain
people可知,随着年龄的增长,我们与某些人的关系越来越亲密,故此处应填“这些人就是我们所说的‘朋友’”。故选B。
2.E　考查段中句和逻辑关系。根据前文Having
a
group
of
friends
is
healthy
because
you
get
to
grow
and
learn
things
together可知,拥有一群朋友是健康的,因为你们可以一起成长,一起学习。故此处应填“父母可能不能完全理解你所经历的一切”。故选E。
3.G　考查段中承上启下句。根据前文A
best
friend
is
that
one
person
who
listens
to
your
problems
and
makes
sacrifices
for
your
sake.可知,最好的朋友会倾听你的问题,并为你做出牺牲。故此处应填“他或她是你哭泣时的肩膀,是你摆脱压迫者的保护者”。故选G。
4.D　考查段首主题句。根据下文There
are
times
good
friends
are
separated
for
years,
but
when
they
meet
again,
they
feel
as
close
to
each
other
as
they
used
to
be
when
they
were
younger可知好朋友有时会分开多年,但当他们再次见面时,他们感觉彼此之间就像年轻时那样亲密。故此处应填“朋友不必总是在一起才能成为朋友”。故选D。
5.A　考查段尾总结句。根据前文But
what
is
great
about
a
good
friend
is
that
when
you
need
him
or
her,
they
are
always
willing
to
be
there.可知,但是好朋友的伟大之处在于,当你需要他或她的时候,他们总是愿意在你身边。故此处应填“这就是友谊的真正价值和精髓”。故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020北京师大附中高二上学期期中考试)
　　I
lost
my
sight
when
I
was
four
years
old
by
falling
off
a
box
car
in
a
freight(货物)yard
in
Atlantic
City
and
landing
on
my
head.
Now
I
am
thirty-two.
I
can
still
　1　
the
brightness
of
sunshine.
It
would
be
wonderful
to
see
again,
but
a
　2　
can
do
strange
things
to
people.
I
don't
mean
that
I
would
prefer
to
go
without
my
eyes.
I
simply
mean
that
the
loss
of
them
made
me
　3　
more
what
I
had.?
Life,
I
believe,
asks
a
continuous
series
of
adjustments
to
reality.
The
more
quickly
a
person
is
able
to
make
these
adjustments,
the
more
　4　
his
own
private
world
becomes.
The
adjustment
is
never
　5　.
I
was
totally
confused
and
afraid.
But
I
was
lucky.
My
parents
and
my
teachers
saw
something
in
me—the
　6　
to
live—which
I
didn't
see,
and
they
made
me
want
to
fight
against
blindness.?
The
hardest
　7　
I
had
to
learn
was
to
believe
in
myself.
I
am
not
talking
about
simply
the
kind
of
　8　
that
helps
me
down
an
unfamiliar
staircase
alone.
That
is
part
of
it.
But
I
mean
something
bigger
than
that:
the
confidence
that
I
am,
despite
being
imperfect,
a
real,
　9　
person;that
there
is
a
special
place
where
I
can
make
myself
fit.?
It
took
me
years
to
discover
and
　10　
this
confidence.
It
had
to
start
with
the
simplest
things.
Once
a
man
gave
me
an
indoor
baseball.
I
thought
he
was
making
fun
of
me
and
I
was
hurt.
“I
can't
use
this,”
I
said.
“Take
it
with
you,”
he
urged(催促)
me,
“and
roll
it
around.”
The
words
　11　
in
my
head.
“Roll
it
around!”
By
rolling
the
ball
I
could
hear
where
it
went.
This
gave
me
an
idea
how
to
achieve
a
goal
I
had
thought
　12　:
playing
baseball.
At
Philadelphia's
Overbrook
School
for
the
Blind
I
　13　
a
successful
variation
of
baseball
and
I
called
it
ground
ball.
?
All
my
life
I
have
set
ahead
of
me
a
series
of
goals
and
then
tried
to
reach
them,
one
at
a
time.
I
had
to
be
clear
about
my
limitation.
It
was
no
good
trying
for
something
that
I
knew
at
the
start
was
wildly
out
of
reach
　14　
that
only
invited
the
bitterness
of
failure.
I
would
　15　
sometimes
anyway
but
on
average,
I
made
progress.?
1.A.remember　　　B.affectC.measure　　　D.bring
2.A.question　　　B.mistakeC.disaster　　　
D.situation
3.A.record　　　B.expectC.offer　　　D.appreciate
4.A.natural　　　B.modernC.meaningful　　　D.challenging
5.A.necessary　　　B.easyC.difficult　　　D.practical
6.A.right　　　B.planC.place　　
　D.potential
7.A.game　　
　B.skillC.lesson　　　D.knowledge
8.A.self-control　　B.self-confidenceC.self-defense　　D.self-improvement
9.A.modest　　　B.energeticC.generous　　　D.positive
10.A.strength　　B.expressC.share　　　D.destroy
11.A.held　　　B.stuckC.bothered　　　D.knocked
12.A.important　　　B.specificC.common　　　D.impossible
13.A.invented　　　B.confirmedC.checked　　　
D.noticed
14.A.once　　　
B.unlessC.because　　　
D.though
15.A.fail　　　
B.tryC.act　　
　D.continue
答案
[语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了灾难挫折是如何成就一个人的。作者在年幼时失明,在经历了多年的彷徨无助之后,终于在亲人朋友的帮助下,找回了自信,学会了如何面对困难,并且在纷杂的社会中找到了自己的一席之地,实现了自己一个又一个的梦想。
1.A　句意:我还记得阳光是多么灿烂。由“Now
I
am
thirty-two”可知,作者四岁失明,现在32岁了,但还是记得阳光是多么灿烂。remember记得;affect影响;measure估量;bring带来。故选A。
2.C　句意:能恢复视觉固然好,但灾难也能对人产生奇妙的作用。作者失明了,这对作者来说是一场灾难,但灾难也能对人产生奇妙的作用。question问题;mistake错误;disaster灾难;situation情况。故选C。
3.D　句意:我只是说失去视力使我更加珍惜自己其他的能力。record
记录;expect期望;offer提供;appreciate
重视。作者失明了,但更加珍惜自己其他的能力,这有助于作者完成自己的梦想。
故选D。
4.C　句意:人愈能及时地进行调整,他的个人世界便愈有意义。由“The
more
quickly
a
person
is
able
to
make
these
adjustments”可知,人愈能及时地进行调整,他的个人世界便愈有意义。natural自然的;modern现代的;meaningful有意义的;challenging有挑战性的。故选C。
5.B　句意:调整绝非易事。由“I
was
totally
confused
and
afraid”可知,作者很困惑,很害怕,所以对作者来说调整绝非易事。necessary必需的;easy容易的;difficult困难的;practical实际的。故选B。
6.D　句意:父母和老师在我身上发现了某种东西——可以称之为活下去的潜力吧——而我自己却没有发现。他们激励我誓与失明拼搏到底。由“which
I
didn't
see”可知,作者自己没有发现自己能活下去的潜力。right权利;plan计划;place地方;potential潜力。故选D。
7.C　句意:我必须学会的最难的一课就是相信自己。相信自己是一个过程,也是作者必须学会的艰难的一课。game
游戏;skill技能;lesson课,教训;knowledge知识。故选C。
8.B　句意:相信自己并不仅仅指帮助我独自走下陌生的楼梯的那种自信。由“I
mean
something
bigger
than
that:
the
confidence
that
I
am”可知,相信自己并不仅仅指帮助作者独自走下陌生的楼梯的那种自信。self-control自我控制;self-confidence自信;self-defense自我保护;self-improvement自我提高。故选B。
9.D　句意:我指的是大事:是坚信自己虽然有缺陷,却是一个真正的积极乐观的人;坚信在芸芸众生错综复杂的格局当中,自有我可以安身立命的一席之地。由“despite
being
imperfect”可知,虽然作者有缺陷,但却是一个真正的积极乐观的人。modest
谦虚的;energetic精力充沛的;generous慷慨的;positive积极的。故选D。
10.A　句意:我花了很长时间才找到并不断加强这一信念。由“It
took
me
years
to
discover”可知,作者花了很长时间才找到并不断加强这一信念。strengthen
加强,巩固;express表达;share
分享;destroy破坏。故选A。
11.B　句意:他的话在我脑子里生了根。由“This
gave
me
an
idea
how
to
achieve
a
goal”可知,他的话在作者脑子里生了根,所以决定去实现曾认为不可能达到的目标。hold握住;stick把……插在,粘贴;bother打扰,费心;knock敲。故选B。
12.D　句意:这让我想到如何去实现我曾认为不可能达到的目标:打棒球。作者是个盲人,且要打棒球。这在作者心里是不可能完成的。important重要的;specific特殊的;common普通的;impossible不可能的。故选D。
13.A　句意:在费城的奥弗布鲁克盲人学校,我发明了一种很受人欢迎的棒球游戏,我称它为地面球。由“I
called
it
ground
ball”可知,作者成功发明了一种变化式棒球。invent发明;confirm证实;check检查;notice注意。故选A。
14.C　句意:若开始就知道某个目标根本达不到却硬要去实现,那不会有任何好处,因为那只会带来失败的苦果。分析句意可知,前后表示因果关系。once
一旦;unless除非;because因为;though尽管。故选C。
15.A　句意:我有时也会失败,但一般来说总有进步。由“but
on
the
average,
I
made
progress”可知,make
progress与fail相对应。fail失败;try尝试;act扮演;continue继续。故选A。