7A
Unit
6
重点词组、难点解析、语法复习
【词组总汇】
总是很饿
be
always
hungry
需要很多能量need
a
lot
of
energy
一天许多次
many
times
a
day
一个健康的人
a
healthy
person
想成为舞蹈演员
want
to
be
a
dancer
跳舞跳两小时
dance
for
two
hours
变累
get
tired
保持健康(4种)
keep
fit/
healthy
,
stay
healthy/
fit
太多的糖份
too
much
sugar
给我能量
give
me
energy
吃水果和素菜
have
fruit
and
vegetables
早饭吃苹果
eat
an
apple
for
breakfast
喝些牛奶
drink
some
milk
吃些面包
eat
some
bread
晚饭后
after
dinner
一个尖子生
a
top
student
中饭吃汉堡
eat
hamburgers
for
lunch
跑得快
run
fast
做运动
do
some
exercise
计划做某事
plan
to
do
sth.
计划吃健康餐
plan
to
have
health
meals
游泳池
a
swimming
pool
一周两次
twice
a
week
注意用水
be
careful
with
water
有时间做某事
have
time
to
do
sth
多久一次
how
often
多久
how
long
一周三次
three
times
a
week
把所有空余时间用于坐在那儿
spend
all
the
free
time
sitting
there
电脑前
in
front
of
the
computer
去上舞蹈课
go
to
the
dancing
lesson
去溜冰
go
skating
去滑旱冰
go
roller
skating
两个女教师
two
women
teachers
四公斤肉
four
kilos
of
meat
几袋苹果
some
bags
of
apples
需要一些鸡肉
need
some
chicken
许多袋大米
many
bags
of
rice
买些蔬菜给她buy
some
vegetables
for
her
/
buy
her
some
vegetables
土豆和西红柿
potatoes
and
tomatoes
这么多芒果
so
many
mangoes
不到三天
less
than
three
days
多少电视
how
much
TV
超过一小时
more
than
one
hour
步行上学
walk
to
school
/
go
to
school
on
foot
根本不喜欢…
don’t
like
…
at
all
看2小时电视
watch
two
hours
of
TV
/
watch
TV
for
two
hours
看更少的电视
watch
less
TV
不再吃它们
don’t
eat
them
any
more
这些天
these
days
躺在床上
lie
in
bed
感觉好
feel
good
你最喜欢的水果
your
favourite
fruit
祝…给你带来好运
good
luck
to
you
with…
来吃饭
come
for
dinner
对我有益
be
good
for
me
喝水重要
be
important
to
drink
water
变胖
get
fat
没有变胖
without
getting
fat
健身俱乐部
the
Get
Fit
Club
健康饮食
healthy
diet
(持续)两小时
for
two
hours
在网上和我的朋友聊天
chat
with
my
friends
on
the
Internet
一点也不健康
be
not
fit
at
all
象蛋糕、糖一样的甜食
sweet
snacks
like
cakes
and
sweets
我该改变了。
It’s
time
for
me
to
change
now.
住在水中
live
in
water
在超市
at
the
supermarket
搬所有的那些食物
carry
all
that
food
给某人…的能量
give
sb.
energy
for
…
喝汤
have
/
eat
soup
帮我开始一天的生活
help
me
start
the
day
吃牛肉面
have
noodles
with
beef
【难点解析】
1.
never
never是一个频度副词,表示否定意义,意为“从不,决不”,是always的反义词。对never这一类频度副词提问时,用how
often。Never
mind意为“不要紧,没关系”,是比较熟悉的朋友之间安慰对方感到歉意的用语。例如:
I
never
play
basketball.
我从没有打过篮球。
---How
often
do
you
walk
to
school?
你多长时间步行去学校一次?
---Never.
从不。
---I’m
sorry
I’m
late.
对不起我来晚了。
---Never
mind.
没关系。
2.
exercise
exercise意为“锻炼,练习”,既可以用作名词,也可以用作动词。exercise作为“体育锻炼”讲时,是不可数名词;作为“练习,训练”讲时,是可数名词。do
morning
exercises意为“做早操”,词组中exercise为可数名词;take
exercise意为“锻炼”,词组中exercise为不可数名词。例如:
He
exercises
twice
a
day.
他每天锻炼两次。(动词)
We
do
morning
exercises
every
day.
我们每天都做广播操。(可数名词)
They
have
to
do
lots
of
math
exercises
every
week.
每星期他们要做许多数学练习。(可数名词)
It’s
important
for
us
to
take
exercise.
对于我们来说进行体育锻炼很重要。
3.
time
time意为“时间”的时候,是不可数名词。当time意为“次数”的时候,是可数名词。需要注意的是:英语中表示“一次”用once,表示“两次”用twice,表示“三次或三次以上”用three
(four…)
+
times。例如:
I
have
no
time
to
watch
TV.
我没有时间看电视。
---What
time
is
it?
几点了?
---It’s
11:30.
11点半。
Nick
goes
to
see
his
grandfather
twice
a
month.
尼克每月去看他爷爷两次。
Mr.
Green
comes
to
China
three
or
four
times
a
year.
格林先生每年来中国三四次。
4.
need
need既可以用作名词,也可以用作动词,意为“需要”。need用作实义动词时,后面可接名词或动词不定式作宾语,need
to
do
sth.意为“需要做某事”。另外,need还可以用作情态动词,用作情态动词时,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,常用于否定句及疑问句中。例如:
Our
school
is
in
need
of
teachers.
(用作名词)
=Our
school
needs
teachers.
我们学校需要老师。
It’s
quite
cold
outside.
You
need
to
wear
more
clothes.
外面很冷,你需要多穿些衣服。(用作实义动词)
---
Must
he
finish
his
homework
at
once?
他马上就得完成作业吗?
---
No,
he
needn’t.不,他不必。(用作情态动词)
5.Healthy
健康的
Fruit
and
vegetables
are
healthy
food.
水果和蔬菜是健康食品。
Take
care
of
yourself.
I
hope
you
are
happy
and
healthy.照顾好你自己。我希望你健康快乐。
名词形式:health如:
Eating
too
much
fried
food
is
not
good
for
your
health.
吃过多油炸食物对你的健康不利。
6.
keep
keep既可以用作连系动词,也可以用作实义动词。keep用作连系动词时,意为“保持某种状态”,后接形容词作表语,构成系表结构。本单元出现了许多连系动词,同学们在学习过程中要注意归纳,如:get(变)
tired,feel
(感觉)
good,stay
(保持)
healthy等。keep用作实义动词时,后面即可以直接接动词的ing形式用作宾语,也可以接动词的ing形式或形容词作宾语补足语,意为“使人或物保持某种状态”。例如:
My
mother
keeps
busy
all
day.
我妈妈们整天忙忙碌碌。(形容词作表语)
Jim,
you
must
look
after
yourself
and
keep
healthy.吉姆,你应当照顾自己,保持身体健康。(形容词作表语)
Don’t
keep
talking.
不要谈个没完。(动词的ing形式作宾语)
Don’t
keep
me
waiting
for
long.
不要让我久等。(动词的ing形式作宾语补足语)
We
must
keep
our
classroom
clean.
我们必须保持教师整洁。(形容词作宾语补足语)
7.
between
between是介词,后接名词或代词的宾格。between表示“在两者之间”的意思。表示在两个同类物之间时,between后面的名词用复数形式;表示在两个不同物或两点之间时,用between…and…。例如:
There
is
a
map
of
China
between
the
two
windows.
两个窗户之间有幅中国地图。
Millie
sits
between
Wendy
and
me.
米莉座在温迪和我之间。(句中的me不能换成I,为什么?)
He
is
at
home
between
four
and
five.
他通常四点到五点在家。
8.
top
top既可以用作形容词,也可以用作名词。用作形容词时,意为“拔尖的,头等的”,相当于best。用作名词时,意为“顶,顶部”,at
the
top
of…意为“在……的顶部”。例如:
I’m
the
top
student
in
my
class.
在班内我是一名尖子生。
She
is
the
top
dancer
in
China.
她是中国最好的舞蹈演员。
He
is
at
the
top
of
the
hill.
他在山顶上。
Please
write
these
words
at
the
top
of
the
page.
请把单词写在这页的上端。
9.
plan
plan意为“计划,打算”,既可以用作名词,也可以用作动词。plan的现在分词是planning;plan用作动词时,后接动词不定式作宾语,plan
to
do
sth.意为“打算/计划做某事。例如:
What
are
your
plans
for
the
holiday?
你假期打算干什么?(名词)
He
plans
to
go
to
Shanghai
by
plane.
他打算乘飞机去上海。
We
are
planning
to
start
next
week.
我们计划下周出发。
10.
buy
buy意为“买”,动词。buy可用语buy
sth.
for
sb.或buy
sb.
sth.这两个结构,表示“给某人买某物”之意。例如:
Sandy
wants
to
buy
a
new
pencil
case.
桑迪想买一个新铅笔盒。
Dad,
the
bike
looks
nice.
Buy
one
for
me.
=
Dad,
the
bike
looks
nice.
Buy
me
one.
爸爸,这辆自行车看起来真漂亮,给我买一辆吧。
Kate’s
aunt
is
going
to
buy
her
a
new
dress.
=
Kate’s
aunt
is
going
to
buy
a
new
dress
for
her.
凯特的姑姑打算给她买一件新裙子。
11.
lie
lie用作动词时,表示“躺,卧,说谎”的意思,它的现在分词形式为:lying。lie用作名词时,表示“说谎”的意思,tell
a
lie意为“说谎”。例如:
Don’t
lie
in
bed
all
morning.
别一上午都躺在床上。
Look!
Eddie
is
lying
under
the
tree.
看!埃迪在躺在树下。
The
girl
likes
telling
lies.
那个女孩喜欢撒谎。
You
are
lying.
I
don’t
believe
you.
你在说谎,我不相信你。
12.
luck
luck表示“运气”的意思,是一个名词,它的形容词是lucky,副词是luckily。常用词组有:Bad
luck倒霉、Good
luck
with
sth.
祝某事顺利、Good
luck
to
sb.
祝某人好运。例如:
Good
luck
with
your
Chinese.
祝你语文取得好成绩。
Good
luck
to
you,
Millie.
米莉,祝你好运。
Bad
luck!
I
lost
my
bike
yesterday.
真倒霉,昨天我的自行车丢了。
She’s
a
lucky
girl.
她是个幸运的女孩。
12.
without
without介词,意为“没有,无”,是with的反义词。Without后面常接名词或代词作宾语;后面若接动词,应用动词的ing形式。例如:
We
can’t
buy
things
without
money.
They
can
not
finish
their
work
without
our
help.
He
often
goes
to
school
without
having
breakfast.
You
can
drink
water
without
getting
fat.
你可以放心喝水而不会发胖。
13.Let’s
have
a
hamburger.
让我们吃个汉堡包吧。
“Let’s”是“Let
us”的缩写形式,其后接动词原形(即省去to的动词不定式)。以“Let’s”开头的句子为祈使句。例如:
Let’s
go
fishing.让我们去钓鱼吧。
Let’s
play
badminton.
让我们打羽毛球吧。
14.I
need
a
lot
of
energy.
我需要许多能量。
(1)句中的need作动词,意为“需要”。例如:
Do
you
need
my
help?你需要帮助吗?
I
don’t
need
any
money.我不需要钱。
need还可作情态动词,常用于否定句。例如:
---Must
I
finish
the
work
today?---No,
you
needn’t.
——我必须今天完成这项任务吗?——不必。
(2)a
lot
of
=
lots
of
意为“许多、大量的”,相当于many或much。例如:
He
has
a
lot
of
friends
here.
=
He
has
many
friends
here.他这儿有许多朋友。
Her
parents
have
a
lot
of
money.
=
Her
parents
have
much
money.她父母亲很有钱。
15.
You
never
exercise.
你从来不锻炼。
(1)
never是副词,意为“永不,从不,决不,从未,一点也不”。通常置于行为动词之前、be动词或助动词之后。例如:
We
never
go
to
school
on
Sundays.我们星期天从来不上学。
I
am
never
late
for
work.我上班从不迟到。
I
will
never
forget
your
birthday.我决不忘记你的生日。
(2)
句中的exercise
作动词,意为“锻炼”。例如:
My
father
exercises
in
the
park
every
morning.我父亲每天早晨在公园锻炼。
exercise还可作名词,意为“锻炼”。例如:
We
need
enough
exercise
every
day.我们需要每天锻炼。
16.I
walk
to
my
bowl
many
times
a
day.
我一天跑向我的饭碗好多次。
(1)句中的walk为不及物动词,walk
to相当于go
to
…
on
foot,意为“步行去……”例如:
She
walks
to
school
every
day.她每天步行上学。
walk也可作及物动词,意为“带……散步,带……遛弯”。例如:
She
walks
him
every
day.
她每天带他散步。(P28)
walk还可作名词,意为“散步,溜达”。例如:
I
take
my
dog
for
a
walk
every
day.我每天溜狗。(P14)
He
often
goes
for
a
walk
after
supper.他经常晚饭后去散步。
(2)
times意为“次数、倍数”,属可数名词。例如:
We
have
meals
three
times
a
day.我们一天吃三顿饭。
time也可作不可数名词,意为“时间”。例如:
We
don’t
have
much
time
to
chat
with
each
other
at
school.
我们在学校没有多少时间相互聊天。
17.
What
is
your
favourite
food?
你最喜爱的食物是什么?
They
are
my
favourite.他们是我的最爱
句中的favourite是形容词,意为“心爱的,最喜爱的”,修饰名词。例如:
What
is
your
favourite
colour?
你最喜爱的颜色是什么?
favourite也可作名词,意为“最喜爱的东西,最爱”。例如:
This
song
is
one
of
my
favourites.这首歌是我最喜爱的歌曲之一。
18.I
want
to
be
a
dancer.
我想要当舞蹈家。(P60)
(1)want
to
be
…意为“想要当/成为……”,want
to
do
sth.意为“想要干某事”。例如:
My
sister
wants
to
be
a
teacher
when
she
grows
up.
我妹妹长大后想要当教师。
I
want
to
go
shopping
this
afternoon.
今天下午我想要去购物。
(2)dancer是由动词dance加后缀-er变化而来的。例如:
Wait-waiter;
play-player;
work-worker,
teach-teacher;
drive-driver;
write-writer;
swim-swimmer;
run-runner;
19.It’s
easy
for
me
to
get
tired
when
I
dance.
我跳舞时很容易疲劳。
(1)该句的句型结构为“It
is
adj.
for
sb.
to
do
sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说…”,
it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式to
do
sth.。因此,原句可改写为:To
get
tired
when
I
dance
is
easy
for
me。例如:
It
is
important
for
us
to
read
English
every
day.=
To
read
English
every
day
is
important
for
us.
It’s
not
easy
to
learn
English
well.=
To
learn
English
well
is
not
easy.
It’s
great
fun
to
play
computer
games.=
To
play
computer
games
is
great
fun.
(2)句中的get为连系动词,与tired构成系表结构。例如:
The
young
man
looks
so
cool.这位小伙子看上去很酷。
I
feel
happy
to
be
with
you.跟你在一起我很开心。
The
cake
tastes
delicious.这蛋糕偿起来很好吃。
I
feel
hungry.
I
want
to
have
some
bread.我感到饿了,想吃些面包。
I
feel
tired
after
swimming.游泳后我感到疲劳。
20.I
usually
have
fruit
and
vegetables
because
I
want
to
be
healthy.
我通常吃水果和蔬菜,因为我想健康。
because是连词,后接表示原因的状语从句;because
of后接表原因的词或短语。例如:
I
like
my
classroom
because
it
is
big
and
clean.
我喜欢我的教室,因为它既大又干净。(P24)
I
don’t
like
the
mooncakes
because
they
are
too
sweet.我不喜欢月饼,因为太甜了。
He
can’t
play
football
any
more
because
of
his
poor
leg.由于可怜的的那条腿,他不奶奶感再踢足球了。
21.After
class,
I
also
like
playing
computer
games
and
chatting
with
my
friends
on
the
Internet.课后我也喜欢玩电脑游戏和在网上与朋友聊天。
also是副词,意为“也”,与too同义,但also一般置于行为动词之前、be动词或助动词之后;too一般置于句未。例如:
She
is
also
from
America.=
She
is
from
America,
too.
I
also
like
singing.=
I
like
singing,
too.
either也可表示“也”,但通常用于否定句,
一般置于句未。例如:
We
don’t
go
to
school
on
Sundays.
They
don’t
go
to
school
on
Sundays,
either.
22.
What
about
+
n
/
doing
表达一种建议。
What
about
Sunday?
What
about
going
fishing.
23.
It
is
important
for
a
dancer
to
be
healthy.
对一个舞蹈演员来说,健康是重要的。
“It
is
important
for
someone
to
do
something”
意为“做某事对某人很重要”。
It
is
important
for
us
to
learn
English
学英语对我们来说很重要。
It
is
important
for
us
to
keep
healthy.
保持健康对我们来说很重要。
24.
Now,
I
always
eat
an
apple
for
breakfast…
现在,早餐时我总是吃一个苹果……
eat…
for
breakfast
/
lunch
/
dinner,
意思是“早/午/晚餐吃……”。
I
often
have
noodles
for
breakfast.
我早餐常吃面条。
I
always
eat
hamburgers
for
lunch.
我午饭总是吃汉堡包。
25.
I
do
not
eat
fast
food
any
more.
我不再吃快餐了。
not…
any
more
=
not…
any
longer,
意思是“不再”。=
He
is
not
a
child
any
longer.
他不再是个孩子了。
26.
less
than
three
times
a
week.
一周不到三次
less
than,意思是“不到;少于”,与more
than相反。
less
than
two
weeks.
不到两周。
more
than
three
hours.
三个多小时。
27.
You
are
not
fit
at
all!
你一点都不健康!
fit
=
healthy
意思是“健康”,形容词。
keep
fit
保持健康。
28.
Do
you
feel
better?
你感觉身体好点了吗?
better
是well的比较级。
He
is
now
much
better
than
before.
他的身体比以前好多了。
29.
I
like
vegetables
because
they
are
good
for
me.
我喜欢吃蔬菜,因为它们对我身体有益。
be
good
for…意思是“对……有益”,be
bad
for
意思是“对……有害”。
Sweet
snacks
are
bad
for
health.
甜零食对身体有害。
Eating
fruit
is
good
for
your
health.
吃水果对你的身体有好处。
30.
There
are
no
calories
in
water,
so
you
can
drink
it
without
getting
fat.
水中没有热量,所以你喝了不会发胖。
without
是“没有,不”的意思。
He
often
comes
to
school
without
having
breakfast.
他常不吃早饭就来上学。
Li
Lei
can
do
his
homework
without
his
father’s
help.
李雷没有他父亲的帮助也能完成家庭作业。
Fish
can’t
live
without
water.
鱼儿离不开水。
31.It's
time
for
me
to
change
now.
我现在该改变了。
此句型为It's
time
for
+名词/代词+to+动词原形,是一个常用的句型,意为“某人该做某事了;某人做某事的时间到了;是某人做某事的时候了。”例如:
It's
time
for
the
students
to
play
games.
学生们该做游戏了。
It’s
time
for
us
to
go
to
school.
我们该上学了。
这一句型也可用下列句型:
(1)It's
time
for+名词。例如:
It’s
time
for
class.该上课了。
It's
time
for
lunch.
是吃中饭的时候了。
(2)It's
time
to+动词原形。例如:
It's
time
to
go
to
school.=
It's
time
for
school.
该去上学了。
It's
time
to
have
supper.=
It's
time
for
supper.
是吃晚饭的时候了。
32.I
plan
to
go
swimming
twice
a
week.
我计划一周游泳两次。
(1)go
swimming意为“去游泳”。go+V-ing结构表示去进行带有娱乐性的体育活动。例如:
go
running去跑步
go
shopping
去买东西
go
fishing去钓鱼
go
skating去溜冰
33.
How
much
do
you
know
about
food?
关于食物你知道多少?
(1)How
much常用来对不可数名词的数量提问,也可用于询问价钱,还可询问抽象名词或表示事物总称的名词的数。例如:
How
much
milk
do
you
need?
How
much
do
you
know
about
their
school?
How
much
is
the
chicken?
(2)若对可数名词的数量提问,通常用how
many。例如:
How
many
people
are
there
in
your
family?
34.How
often
do
they
exercise?
他们多长时间锻炼一次?
How
often常用于对频率的提问,意为“多长时间一次”,其答语通常是once
a
week,
three
times
a
month,
sometimes等表示频的副词及短语。例如:
---How
often
do
you
go
to
see
your
parents?---Twice
a
month.——你过多久去看你父母亲一次?——一月一次。
---How
often
does
your
cousin
play
computer
games?
---Three
times
a
week.——你表弟多长时间玩一次电脑游戏?——一星期三次。
---How
often
do
you
go
fishing?---Never,
but
my
father
does
once
a
week.——你过多久去钓一次鱼?——从不,不过我父亲每周去一次。
35.Daniel
spends
all
his
free
time
sitting
in
front
of
the
computer.
Daniel把所有的业余时间都花在电脑前面。
此句型为spend
some
time
(in)
doing
sth.,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”,spend后接动词,介词in可省略;spend后接名词时,用句型spend
some
time
on
sth.,意为“某人在某事方面花费……时间”。例如:
I
usually
spend
about
an
hour
doing
my
homework
every
day.
=
I
usually
spend
about
an
hour
on
my
homework
every
day.
我每天通常花半个小时做家庭作业。
He
spends
fifteen
minutes
walking
to
school.他花15分钟步行上学。
也可用it
takes
sb.
some
time
to
do
sth.这一句型,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”。例如:
It
takes
half
an
hour
to
cook.要花半个小时做饭。
上面的两个例句可分别改写为:
It
usually
takes
me
about
an
hour
to
do
my
homework
every
day.
It
takes
him
fifteen
minutes
to
walk
to
school.
36.You
are
not
fit
at
all.你一点也不健康。
(1)at
all意为“一点也(不)”,常与not连用,构成句型not…at
all。例如:
I’m
not
tired
at
all.
---Are
you
hungry?---Not
at
all.
not与at
all连在一起,用来表示“答谢”。例如:
---Thank
you.---
Not
at
all.
(=You’re
welcome.)
(2)句中的fit是形容词,意为“健康的,结实的”,相当于healthy。例如:
If
you
want
to
keep
fit,
you
should
take
more
exercise.
16.Congratulations!
祝贺你(们)!(P65)
Congratulations是名词,常用复数形式,其后可接to
sb.或on
doing
sth.,意为“向(某人)祝贺(某事)”。例如:
Congratulations
to
you
on
winning
the
match.
Congratulations
on
your
success(成功).
37.Good
luck
with
your
new
diet
and
lifestyle.
愿新的日常饮食几生活方式为你带来好运(成功)。(P70)
(1)luck是名词,意为“运气、幸运”。例如:
He
always
has
good
luck.他总很走运。
I
wish
you
luck.
祝你幸运。
(2)若表示“祝(你)好运;祝(你)顺利;祝(你)平安!”,则表达为:Good
luck!
Good
luck
后接人时用
Good
luck
to
sb.,Good
luck后接sth.时用Good
luck
with
sth.
例如:Good
luck
to
you!
Good
luck
with
your
English!
【语法复习】
一、副词
英语里表示频度“由少到多”“由低到高”的副词依次有:never,
seldom,
sometimes,
often,
usually,
always.
1)频度副词按照其发生频率由高到低排列如下:
always
usually
often
sometimes
seldom
never
频率高
频率低
(100)
(0)
2)频度副词在句中的位置如下:
①
在第一个助动词或情态动词(及not)之后。
I
will
always
remember
this.
我将永远记住这件事。
②
在单个be动词之后。
He’s
often
busy.
他经常很忙。
③
在单个实义动词之前。
He
never
eats
hamburgers.
他从不吃汉堡包。
④
频度副词用来加强语气时,可放在句首或句尾,often在句尾时常被very或quite修饰。
Sometimes
we
go
by
ship.
有时我们坐船去。
But
I
walk
sometimes.
但有时我步行。
He
writes
to
me
quite
often.
他常给我写信。
⑤
对频率副词提问用“How
often”。
二、词的复数
名词复数的变化规则:
一般情况直接加s。(S在清辅音后读[S],在浊辅音和元音后读[Z])如:books,
pens
,
boys.
(2)以s,
z,
x,
ch,
sh结尾的名词加es.(es读[Iz])
如:buses
,
boxes
(3)以“辅音+y”结尾的名词改Y为I,再加es.(es读[z])
如:babies
(4)
以f
,
fe结尾的名词改f,
fe结尾的名词改f
,
fe为ves.(ves读[vz])如:knives
(5)以o
结尾的名词一般情况加es,少数加s.(es
读[z];s读[z])
如:tomatoes,
potatoes,
pianos,
kilos.
(6)
少数名词的复数形式是不规则的。
man
—
men
woman
—
women
child
—
children
sheep
—
sheep
(7)表示国籍的名词,有的在词尾加-s,表示该国的人,如an
American—three
Americans;有的单、复数形式相同,如a
Chinese
—
four
Chinese等。
三.
There
be
句型的就近原则。
There
be句型中的be动词形式由最靠近它的名词决定。
There
is
a
bottle
of
water
and
two
apples
in
her
bag.
四、
不定冠词
a/an
(1)概述:a/an
常用于可数名词单数前,起泛指作用。
(2)用法:
A.表示数量“一个”.如:I
have
a
brother
and
two
sisters.
B.
表示“每一个”。如:we
go
home
twice
a
week.
C.
表示“某一个”。如:a
girl
often
comes
to
see
them.
D.
表示一类人、物。如:This
is
a
chair
and
that’s
a
desk.
E.用在习惯用语中。如:
a
lot
of
,
have
a
talk,
Have
a
rest,
have
a
good
time.
(3)说明:a用在辅音之前,如:a
book,
a
useful
book;
An用在元音之前,如:an
“s”
,
an
hour.
典型例题
例:
Do
you
swim?
Twice
a
week.
A.
How
long
B.
How
much
C.
How
often
D.
How
many
解析:疑问副词how
可以和不同的形容词或副词搭配,构成固定的疑问词组:how
long“多长;多久”,通常对一段时间提问;how
much“多少”,通常对修饰不可数名词前的定语提问,也可以询问“价格”“时间”等;how
many“多少”,是对可数名词前的数词进行提问;how
often“多久”,通常是对周期性的时间状语提问。
浏览题干及选项,应答部分显然是个周期性的时间状语。
答案C。
例2.
(1)One
morning
he
found
a
bag
.
There
was
“s”
on
the
corner
of
bag.
(2)There
is
egg
on
the
table.
egg
is
for
you
.
A.
a;
a(A)
B.
a;
the(The
)
C.
an;
an(An)
D.
an;
the
(The)
解析:在上下文中如果同一个人或物反复出现几次,第一次提到时用不定冠词;以后重复出现则表示特指,用定冠词。不定冠词an用在元音音素开头的名词或词组之前。
答案:D;D
考题前沿
题1(2004。湖南长沙市卷)
Can
I
help
you,
sir?
Yes,
i,d
like
five
and
some
peas.
potato
B.
tomatoes
C.
meat
D.
banana
解析:此题考查名词的复数形式。名词的复数形式一般在词尾加s或es,如:banana→bananas,
tomato→tomatoes,
potato→potatoes.不可数名词没有复数形式。如:meat.
。
题2(2004江苏南京市卷)
Can
I
hep
you,
madam?
i,m
looking
for
pair
of
shoes
for
my
daughter.
the
B.
an
C.
a
D.
some
解析:此题考查定冠词和不定冠词的用法。定冠词表特指,不定冠词表泛指。an
用于以原音发音的单词前,因此本题选C。
题3(《21世纪报(初中版)》2004年中考模拟试题)
I
was
listening
to
wonderful
piece
of
music
when
there
was
knock
on
the
door.
A.
a;
an
B.
/;
a
C.
a;
a
D.
the
;the
解析:此题考查不定冠词的用法。表示数量“一个”,用不定冠词,且knock以辅音开头,所以其前面加a;
music是不可数名词,但其前面有修饰词piece,表示“一只曲子”,所以也用不定冠词,开头的形容词wonderful首个音素为辅音。故用a.
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