人教版（新课程标准） 选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors随堂作业含解析（7份打包）

Unit
5
Meeting
your
ancestors
Section
Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I
have
no
a
lternative
but
to
report
him
to
the
police.
2．Now
there
are
still
some
people
dying
of
starvation
(饿死)．
3．Do
you
have
a
mple
money
for
the
journey?
4．Sorry
to
i
nterrupt
you.Can
you
tell
me
the
time?
5．Let's
assume
what
he
said
is
true.
6．Applying
the
dye
can
be
m
essy
particularly
on
long
hair.
7．The
botanical
(植物学的)
analyses
have
showed
us
that
it
used
to
be
a
lake.
8．The
living
conditions
in
the
camp
were
pretty
primitive
(原始的)．
9．B
otany
is
scientific
study
of
plants
and
their
structure.
10．C
ategory
is
a
class
or
group
of
things
in
a
complete
system
of
grouping.
Ⅱ.选词填空
care
about,
suffer
from,
look
like,
show
around,
compare
...with...,
keep
out,
at
most,
cut
up,
regardless
of,
on
the
assumption
that
...
1．Studies
have
shown
that
vegetarians
seldom
suffer
from
heart
diseases.
2．From
your
appearance,
you
look
more
like
your
mother.
3．I
will
continue
to
pursue
my
dream
regardless
of
a
lot
of
failures.
4．She
is
cutting
up
an
apple
with
a
knife.
5．We
are
working
on
the
assumption
that
the
conference
will
take
place
as
planned.
6．The
night
was
too
cold
outside,
and
the
poor
man
tried
to
keep
the
cold
out
by
closing
the
door
hard.
7．The
dog
owners
usually
care
much
about
their
pets.
8．There
are
ten
guests
at
most
who
will
attend
this
party.
9．Having
compared
the
program
with
that
one,
he
decided
to
have
the
former
one
carried
out.
10．Those
tourists
were
being
shown
around
the
Revolutionary
Resort.
Ⅲ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．We
have
to
eat，or
we
will
starve
to
death.
2．I
managed
to
work
for
two
hours
without
interruption.
3．She
was
pretty
cut
up
about
them
leaving.
4．I
think
you
may
be
interested
in
our
new
product.
5．Many
items
in
daily
use
are
made
of
plastic.
6．The
machine
must
break
down
at
this
busy
hour.
7．He's
been
in
and
out
of
prison
for
years.
8．We
saw
him
watering
the
lawn
around
the
house.Unit
5
Meeting
your
ancestors
Section
Ⅰ
请同学们认真完成练案[13]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
brilliant
young
man
had
no
a
lternative
but
to
give
up
the
chance
of
studying
abroad.
2．The
match
lasted
nearly
three
hours
and
was
i
nterrupted
at
times
by
rain.
3．Please
c
ompare
this
book
with
that
one
and
find
out
the
differences
between
them.
4．If
the
package
is
wrapped
well,
we
a
ssume
the
contents
are
also
wonderful.
5.
We
should
not
overlook
the
fact
that
there
is
an
a
cute
water
shortage
in
our
city.
6．Ann
s
harpened
her
pencil
and
got
down
to
her
homework.
7．Mother
reserved
her
complaint
about
my
m
essy
room
until
my
friend
left.
8．My
elder
sister
died
of
starvation
(饥饿)
during
the
war.
9．I
passed
on
my
tentative
(不确定的)
conclusions
to
the
police.
10．Professor
Higgins
can
judge
a
person's
social
status
with
accuracy
(准确)
according
to
their
language.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．The
doors
of
the
palace
were
made
of
(用……制成)
beaten
gold.
2．I
have
come
to
a
conclusion
(得出结论)
that
our
team
will
win.
3．He's
suffering
from
(患病)
severe
mental
disorder.
4．Now
let
me
show
you
around
(带你参观)
our
product
exhibition
room.
5．A
teacher
should
entertain
as
well
as
(也，还)
teach.
6．He
continued
speaking,
regardless
of
(不管，不顾)
my
feelings
on
the
matter.
7．People
keep
a
dog
to
scare
away
(把……吓跑)
thieves.
8．We
have
screens
on
our
windows
to
keep
out
(把……挡在外面)
the
flies.
9．The
waterfall
can
be
used
for
(被用来……)
the
generation
of
electricity.
10．It
will
take
two
hours
at
most
(最多)
to
get
there.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2019·浙江卷)
Zachariah
Fike
has
an
unusual
hobby.He
finds
old
military(军队的)
medals
for
sale
in
antique
stores
and
on
the
Internet.But
unlike
most
collectors，Zac
tracks
down
the
medals'
rightful
owners，and
returns
them.
His
effort
to
reunite
families
with
lost
medals
began
with
a
Christmas
gift
from
his
mother，a
Purple
Heart
with
the
name
Corrado
A．G.Piccoli，found
in
an
antique
shop.Zac
knows
the
meaning
of
a
Purple
Heart—he
earned
one
himself
in
a
war
as
a
soldier.So
when
his
mother
gave
him
the
medal，he
knew
right
away
what
he
had
to
do.
Through
the
Internet，Zac
tracked
down
Corrado's
sister
Adeline
Rockko.But
when
he
finally
reached
her，the
woman
flooded
him
with
questions：“Who
are
you？What
antique
shop？”
However，when
she
hung
up，she
regretted
the
way
she
had
handled
the
call.So
she
called
Zac
back
and
apologized.Soon
she
drove
to
meet
Zac
in
Watertown，N.Y.“At
that
point，I
knew
she
meant
business，”
Zac
says.
“To
drive
eight
hours
to
come
to
see
me.”
The
Piccolis
grew
up
the
children
of
Italian
immigrants
in
Watertown.Corrado，a
translator
for
the
Army
during
WWⅡ，was
killed
in
action
in
Europe.
Before
hearing
from
Zac，Adeline
hadn't
realized
the
medal
was
missing.Like
many
military
medals，the
one
Zac's
mother
had
found
was
a
family
treasure.
“This
medal
was
very
precious
to
my
parents.Only
on
special
occasions
(场合)
would
they
take
it
out
and
let
us
hold
it
in
our
hands，”
Adeline
says.
As
a
child，Adeline
couldn't
understand
why
the
medal
was
so
significant.“But
as
I
grew
older，”
Adeline
says，“and
missed
my
brother
more
and
more，I
realized
that
was
the
only
thing
we
had
left.”
Corrado
Piccoli's
Purple
Heart
medal
now
hangs
at
the
Italian
American
Civic
Association
in
Watertown.
Zac
recently
returned
another
lost
medal
to
a
family
in
Alabama.Since
he
first
reunited
Corrado's
medal，Zac
says
his
record
is
now
5
for
5.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Zac的一个不同寻常的业余爱好：当在古董店或者网上找到旧的军队勋章时，他会设法找到其合法的主人并且归还。
1．Where
did
Zac
get
a
Purple
Heart
medal
for
himself？
A
A．In
the
army.
B．In
an
antique
shop.
C．From
his
mother.
D．From
Adeline
Rockko.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...he
earned
one
himself
in
a
war
as
a
soldier.”可知，Zac是在部队服役的时候获得了一枚紫心勋章，故A项正确。
2．What
did
Zac
realize
when
Adeline
drove
to
meet
him？
B
A．She
was
very
impolite.
B．She
was
serious
about
the
medal.
C．She
suspected
his
honesty.
D．She
came
from
a
wealthy
family.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘At
that
point，I
knew
she
meant
business，’
Zac
says.‘To
drive
eight
hours
to
come
to
see
me.’”可知，Zac意识到Adeline对这枚勋章是十分在意的，要不然她也不会打电话道歉，更不会驱车8小时来见自己，故B项正确。mean
business“(非正式)当真，认真”。
3．What
made
Adeline
treasure
the
Purple
Heart？
D
A．Her
parents'
advice.
B．Her
knowledge
of
antiques.
C．Her
childhood
dream.
D．Her
memory
of
her
brother.
解析：细节理解题。
根据第六段中的“‘But
as
I
grew
older，’Adeline
says，‘and
missed
my
brother
more
and
more，I
realized
that
was
the
only
thing
we
had
left.’”可知，Adeline珍视那枚勋章是因为那是他们留下的唯一东西，承载着姐姐对弟弟的思念，故D项正确。
B
(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)
Some
parents
will
buy
any
high?tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child,
but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math?related
skills.
Psychologist
Susan
Levine,
an
expert
on
mathematics
development
in
young
children
the
University
of
Chicago,
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.
Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition(认知)
after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents'
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said.
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
of
53
child?parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
“The
children
who
played
with
puzzles
performed
better
than
those
who
did
not,
on
tasks
that
assessed
their
ability
to
rotate(旋转)and
translate
shapes，”
Levine
said
in
a
statement.
The
parents
were
asked
to
interact
with
their
children
as
they
normally
would,
and
about
half
of
children
in
the
study
played
with
puzzles
at
one
time.
Higher?income
parents
tended
to
have
children
play
with
puzzles
more
frequently,
and
both
boys
and
girls
who
played
with
puzzles
had
better
spatial
skills.
However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls,
and
the
parents
of
boys
provided
more
spatial
language
and
were
more
active
during
puzzle
play
than
parents
of
girls.
The
findings
were
published
in
the
journal
Developmental
Science.
文章大意：本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。
4．In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play？
B
A．Building
confidence.
B．Developing
spatial
skills.
C．Learning
self?control.
D．Gaining
high?tech
knowledge.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中．..found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
develop
better
spatial
skill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B.Developing
spatial
skills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选B项。
5．What
did
Levine
take
into
consideration
when
designing
her
experiment？
C
A．Parents'
age.
B．Children's
imagination.
C．Parents'
education.
D．Child?parent
relationship.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition
after
controlling
for
difference
in
parents'
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said.(
Levine说，在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C.Parents'
education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。
6．How
do
boy
differ
from
girls
in
puzzle
play？
D
A．They
play
with
puzzles
more
often.
B．They
tend
to
talk
less
during
the
game.
C．They
prefer
to
use
more
spatial
language.
D．They
are
likely
to
play
with
tougher
puzzles.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls，可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D.They
are
likely
to
play
with
tougher
puzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选D项。
7．What
is
the
text
mainly
about？
B
A．A
mathematical
method.
B．A
scientific
study.
C．A
woman
psychologist
D．A
teaching
program.
解析：主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B.
A
scientific
study(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。
Ⅳ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
The
jobs
of
the
future
have
not
yet
been
invented.
1.D
By
helping
them
develop
classic
skills
that
will
serve
them
well
no
matter
what
the
future
holds.
1．Curiosity
Your
children
need
to
be
deeply
curious.
2.A
Ask
kids，“What
ingredients
(配料)
can
we
add
to
make
these
pancakes
even
better
next
time？”
and
then
try
them
out.“Did
those
ingredients
make
the
pancakes
better？”“What
could
we
try
next
time？”
2．Creativity
True
creativity
is
the
ability
to
take
something
existing
and
create
something
new
from
it.
3.C
There
are
a
dozen
different
things
you
can
do
with
them.Experimenting
with
materials
to
create
something
new
can
go
a
long
way
in
helping
them
develop
their
creativity.
3．Interpersonal
Skills
Understanding
how
others
feel
can
be
a
challenge
for
kids.We
know
what's
going
on
inside
our
own
head，but
what
about
others?
Being
able
to
read
people
helps
kids
from
misreading
a
situation
and
jumping
to
false
conclusions.
4.F
“Why
do
you
think
she's
crying？”“Can
you
tell
how
that
man
is
feeling
by
looking
at
his
face？”“If
someone
were
to
do
that
to
you，how
would
you
feel？”
4．Self
Expression
5.G
There
are
many
ways
to
express
thoughts
and
ideas—music,
acting,
drawing,
building,
photography.You
may
find
that
your
child
is
attracted
by
one
more
than
another.
A．Encourage
kids
to
cook
with
you.
B．And
we
can't
forget
science
education.
C．We
can
give
kids
chances
to
think
about
materials
in
new
ways.
D．So
how
can
we
help
our
kids
prepare
for
jobs
that
don't
yet
exist?
E．Gardening
is
another
great
activity
for
helping
kids
develop
this
skill.
F．We
can
do
this
in
real
life
or
ask
questions
about
characters
in
stories.
G．Being
able
to
communicate
ideas
in
a
meaningful
way
is
a
valuable
skill.
文章大意：本文介绍了培养孩子技能的方法，其中包括好奇心、创造力、交际能力和自我表达等。
解析：
1．关联逻辑法解题。根据空后的“By
helping
them
develop
classic
skills
that
will
serve
them...”可知，这里叙述的是帮助他们发展一些技能。由此推断，上句应为“应该怎样帮助孩子为未来的工作而做准备”，故选D。
2．关联逻辑法解题。根据下面的内容可知，此处是鼓励孩子们和你一起做饭。
3．词汇锁定法解题。根据上文中的“create
something
new”等可知，要给孩子们思考的机会，故选C项。
4．关联逻辑法解题。联系下面的几个问题可知F项正确。
5．关联逻辑法解题。根据该段小标题及空格后的“ways
to
express
thoughts”可知，此处所填内容与交流有关，故选G项。Unit
5
Meeting
your
ancestors
Section
Ⅱ
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Well，we
have
been
finding
(find)
the
bones
of
tigers
and
bears
in
the
caves，and
we
think
these
were
their
most
dangerous
enemies.
2．He
has
been
writing
(write)
a
novel，which
will
be
finished
next
month.
3．The
little
boy
is
dirty
all
over
because
he
has
been
playing
(play)
in
the
mud
all
the
morning.
4．He
has
been
lying
(lie)
in
bed
for
two
weeks
because
of
his
broken
leg.
5．You
know，I
have
been
looking
(look)
for
a
job
for
three
months，and
this
is
my
first
formal
interview.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．自从上周以来一直下雨。
It
has
been
raining
since
last
week.
2．我累坏了。我一直工作了一下午了。
I
am
tired
out.I
have
been
working
the
whole
afternoon.
3．他已写了一部小说。
He
has
written
a
novel.
4．你最近见过他吗？
Have
you
met
him
recently?
5．他们结婚将近15年了。
They
have
been
married
for
almost
15
years.Unit
5
Meeting
your
ancestors
Section
Ⅱ
请同学们认真完成练案[14]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There
was
a
systematic
(有系统的)
approach
to
solving
the
problem.
2．The
meeting
is
of
such
great
significance
(意义)
that
I
have
to
attend
it.
3．We
must
stop
him
seeing
her
somehow
(以某种方式)．
4．It's
very
rude
to
s
pit
at
someone.
5．He
wanted
to
d
elete
my
name
from
the
list.
6．The
photos
belong
in
an
a
lbum
.
7．She
sends
her
little
daughter
to
the
k
indergarten
every
day.
8．I
want
a
skateboard
(滑板)．
9．When
I
was
a
child,
I
didn't
like
onion
(洋葱),
but
I
don't
mind
it
now.
10．The
hotel
r
eceptionist
wants
to
know
when
we
will
be
checking
out
tomorrow
morning.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．They
began
contributing
articles
to
our
magazine
several
years
ago,
and
they
keep
doing
so
until
now.
→All
these
years
they
have
been
contributing
articles
to
our
magazine.
2．I
started
to
drink
coffee
when
I
got
to
the
office
this
afternoon.I
am
still
drinking
coffee
now.
→
I
have
been
drinking
coffee
all
the
afternoon
since
I
got
to
the
office.
3.
It
has
been
six
hours
since
the
baby
fell
asleep.
→The
baby
has
been
sleeping
for
six
hours.
4．My
brother
joined
the
piano
club
three
months
ago.
→It
has
been
three
months
since
my
brother
joined
the
piano
club.
5．Li
Lei
moved
to
Hangzhou
ten
years
ago
and
he
is
still
living
there
now.
→Li
Lei
has
been
living
in
Hangzhou
for
ten
years.
6.
The
scientist
came
to
study
the
Chinese
ancient
culture
last
year
and
he
is
still
working
in
China.
→The
scientist
has
been
studying
the
Chinese
ancient
culture
since
last
year.
7．Tom's
father
died
three
years
ago.
→Tom's
father
has
been
dead
for
three
years.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这个项目的失败在很大程度上是由于他的粗心。
The
failure
of
the
project
was
largely
due
to
his
carelessness.
2．不知怎么地，我感觉事故的目击者在说谎。
Somehow
，
I
felt
the
witness
to
the
accident
was
telling
a
lie.
3．贝拉受够了无趣的工作，决定再找一份新的。
Bella
was
fed
up
with
the
boring
job
and
decided
to
find
a
new
one.
4．格雷丝代表公司在会议上介绍了新产品。
On
behalf
of
her
company,
Grace
introduced
a
new
product
at
the
meeting.
5．互联网的使用在社会发展中具有重大意义。
The
use
of
the
Internet
is
of
great
significance
in
the
development
of
society.
Ⅳ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There
are
lots
of
ways
to
raise
awareness
for
a
cause.Usually，the
1.C
the
idea
is，the
more
it
gets
noticed.And
that's
precisely
why
one
2.A
Frenchman
has
caught
our
attention.
Baptiste
Dubanchet
is
biking
across
Europe，surviving
3.C
on
discarded(丢弃的)
food.The
threemonth,1,900mile
journey
from
Paris
to
Warsaw
is
Dubanchet's
4.B
of
raising
awareness
of
food
waste
in
Europe
and
throughout
the
world.
As
you
can
imagine，the
trip
is
no
piece
of
cake.While
restaurants
5.D
tons
of
food
each
year，much
of
it
remains
inaccessible
because
of
6.A
garbage
containers，health
regulations，or
business
policies.Only
about
one
in
ten
places
offered
him
food
that
would
otherwise
be
discarded.For
legal
7.A
，most
restaurants
have
a
policy
against
8.B
food
waste.“Some
people
have
even
9.D
their
jobs
by
giving
me
food，”
Dubanchet
said.
What's
10.C
interesting
is
the
attitude
various
cities
have
toward
Dubanchet's
cause.Berlin
has
been
the
easiest
while
the
most
difficult
was
the
Czech
town
of
Pilsen.There，he
had
to
11.C
at
some
50
different
stores
or
restaurants
before
finding
food.The
challenge
is
all
the
more
serious
when
you
consider
the
12.C
exercise
required
to
bike
from
France
to
Poland.
“I
have
to
get
food
13.D
because
after
all
the
biking
I
am
tired
and
I
need
the
14.B
，”
Dubanchet
explained.“Is
my
stomach
full
or
empty?
That
is
the
most
important
thing，not
what
I
am
eating.”
He
aims
to
15.D
his
journey
by
midJuly.With
any
luck，he'll
turn
a
few
more
heads
in
the
process.
文章大意：本文讲述了法国人Baptiste
Dubanchet一路骑自行车穿越欧洲，途中以丢弃的食物为生，试图通过他的行为，来唤起人们对食物浪费现象的关注。
1．A．cleverer　　　　　　　　
B．older
C．strange
D．simpler
解析：根据下文中的“the
more
it
gets
noticed”可知，此处是“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..(越……，越……)”结构，语意表示“想法越不寻常，就越能引起人们的关注”。
2．A．garbageeating
B．sportsloving
C．foodwasting
D．lawbreaking
解析：根据下文中的“on
discarded(丢弃)
food”和全文可知，Baptiste
Dubanchet一路靠丢弃的食物为生，由此可知他是个“吃垃圾的人”。
3．A．secretly
B．finally
C．entirely
D．probably
解析：他完全依靠丢弃的食物来维持生活，以此来唤起人们珍惜食物的意识。
4．A．purpose
B．way
C．opinion
D．dream
解析：这是一种唤起人们对食物浪费现象进行关注的方式。
5．A．store
B．cook
C．shop
for
D．throw
away
解析：根据上下文可知，餐馆每年要倒掉数吨食物。
6．A．locked
B．damaged
C．connected
D．abandoned
解析：根据上文可知，这些被丢弃的食物被锁在了垃圾箱里。
7．A．reasons
B．rights
C．fees
D．aids
解析：出于法律上的原因，大部分餐馆都有规定，不允许把要丢弃的食物送掉。
8．A．begging
for
B．giving
away
C．hiding
D．causing
解析：参考上题解析。give
away赠送，分发，选B。
9．A．did
B．kept
C．accepted
D．risked
解析：有些人冒着丢掉工作的风险给我食物。此处risk意为“冒……的风险”。根据语境可知，选D。
10．A．hardly
B．usually
C．particularly
D．merely
解析：特别有意思的是，不同城市对他这种行为的态度各不相同。particularly特别，尤其。根据语境可知，选C。
11．A．work
B．shout
C．ask
D．jump
解析：在比尔森市，他不得不询问了约50家不同的商店或餐馆，才讨得食物。故选C。
12．A．adequate
B．rewarding
C．demanding
D．suitable
解析：这是一项费力的活动，需要一路从法国骑自行车到波兰。根据句意可知，选C。
13．A．again
B．alone
C．later
D．fast
解析：根据语意可知，一路骑自行车，到达目的地后又累又饿，肯定需要尽快地获得食物，以补充身体所需的能量。故选fast。
14．A．spirit
B．energy
C．time
D．effort
解析：参考上题解析。
15．A．arrange
B．restart
C．report
D．finish
解析：他打算在7月中旬完成他的此次旅行，故选D。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
Monkeys
seem
to
have
a
way
with
numbers.
A
team
of
researchers
trained
three
Rhesus
monkeys
to
associate
26
clearly
different
symbols
consisting
of
numbers
and
selective
letters
with
0?25
drops
of
water
or
juice
as
a
reward.The
researchers
then
tested
how
the
monkeys
combined—or
added—the
symbols
to
get
the
reward.
Here's
how
Harvard
Medical
School
scientist
Margaret
Livingstone，who
led
the
team，described
the
experiment：In
their
cages
the
monkeys
were
provided
with
touch
screens.On
one
part
of
the
screen，a
symbol
would
appear，and
on
the
other
side
two
symbols
inside
a
circle
were
shown.For
example，the
number
7
would
flash
on
one
side
of
the
screen
and
the
other
end
would
have
9
and
8.If
the
monkeys
touched
the
left
side
of
the
screen
they
would
be
rewarded
with
seven
drops
of
water
or
juice；if
they
went
for
the
circle，they
would
be
rewarded
with
the
sum
of
the
numbers—17
in
this
example.
After
running
hundreds
of
tests，the
researchers
noted
that
the
monkeys
would
go
for
the
higher
values
more
than
half
the
time，indicating
that
they
were
performing
a
calculation，not
just
memorizing
the
value
of
each
combination.
When
the
team
examined
the
results
of
the
experiment
more
closely，they
noticed
that
the
monkeys
tended
to
underestimate(低估)
a
sum
compared
with
a
single
symbol
when
the
two
were
close
in
value—sometimes
choosing，for
example，a
13
over
the
sum
of
8
and
6.The
underestimation
was
systematic：When
adding
two
numbers，the
monkeys
always
paid
attention
to
the
larger
of
the
two，and
then
added
only
a
fraction
(小部分)
of
the
smaller
number
to
it.
“This
indicates
that
there
is
a
certain
way
quantity
is
represented
in
their
brains，”Dr.Livingstone
says.“But
in
this
experiment
what
they're
doing
is
paying
more
attention
to
the
big
number
than
the
little
one.”
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物实验，实验发现猴子能进行基本的加法运算，但加的结果有时会小于总和。
1．What
did
the
researchers
do
to
the
monkeys
before
testing
them？
C
A．They
fed
them.
B．They
named
them.
C．They
trained
them.
D．They
measured
them.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A
team
of
researchers
trained
three
Rhesus
monkeys...”和“The
researchers
then
tested
how
the
monkeys
combined—or
added—the
symbols
to
get
the
reward.”可知研究者们是先训练猴子然后才进行测试的，故选C项。其他三项均未提及。
2．How
did
the
monkeys
get
their
reward
in
the
experiment？
B
A．By
drawing
a
circle.
B．By
touching
a
screen.
C．By
watching
videos.
D．By
mixing
two
drinks.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If
the
monkeys
touched
the
left
side
of
the
screen
they
would
be
rewarded
with
seven
drops
of
water
or
juice...”可知猴子们是通过触碰屏幕得到奖励的，故选B项。其他三项均不是猴子所做的事。
3．What
did
Livingstone's
team
find
about
the
monkeys？
A
A．They
could
perform
basic
addition.
B．They
could
understand
simple
words.
C．They
could
memorize
numbers
easily.
D．They
could
hold
their
attention
for
long.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。
4．In
which
section
of
a
newspaper
may
this
text
appear？
D
A．Entertainment.
B．Health.
C．Education.
D．Science.
解析：推理判断题。全文围绕科学实验展开——研究者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发现猴子能够进行简单的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。
Ⅵ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Supermarkets
in
Vietnam
and
Thailand
are
leading
the
fight
1.against
single?use
plastics
by
2.replacing
(replace)
plastic
bags
with
banana
leaves.
As
we
all
know,
it
is
of
great
importance
to
the
planet
3.that
we
stop
using
so
much
bloody
plastic.Firstly,
it
is
poisoning
the
seas.Whales
are
washed
up
4.to
die
(die)．It
is
the
huge
amounts
of
plastic
inside
their
5.stomachs
(stomach)
that
kill
them.Secondly,
if
it
is
poisoning
the
seas,
it's
6.probably
(probable)
poisoning
us,
too,
for
we
eat
a
load
of
things
that
come
out
of
the
sea.
Lately,
a
new
and
encouraging
7.development
(develop)
started
with
a
Facebook
post
showing
banana
leaves
being
used
in
the
Rimping
supermarket
in
Chiang
Mai.Thailand.After
seeing
how
much
good
publicity
the
post
8.has
got/gotten
(get)
in
the
past
few
months,
supermarkets
in
Vietnam
have
all
followed
suit.
According
to
a
spokesperson
for
Lotte
Market
in
Ho
Chizminh
City,
they're
only
doing
this
as
9.a
test,
but
they
plan
to
expand
the
action
nationwide
and
hope
to
be
able
to
use
the
leaves
for
meat
as
well
as
vegetables
before
too
long.Besides,
another
Vietnamese
supermarket,
has
already
started
using
biodegradable
(可生物降解的)
bags
10.made
(make)
from
corn.
This
is
a
step
in
the
right
direction
and
we
do
need
it.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是越南和泰国的超市正在发起一场反对塑料袋使用的战役。为了减少环境污染，他们使用香蕉叶来代替一次性塑料袋。
解析：
1．考查介词。根据短语fight
against表示“打击，反对”。故填against。
2．考查非谓语动词。by是介词，后跟动名词做宾语。故填replacing。
3．考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，前面的代词it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。从句不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。
4．考查形容词。句意：鲸鱼被冲上岸等死。分析句子结构可知die在句中作非谓语动词，且表示将要发生的事应用不定式。故填to
die。
5．考查名词的数。stomach为可数名词，根据上文their可知应用复数形式，在后面直接加?s。故填stomachs。
6．考查副词。修饰句子的谓语is
poisoning应用副词probably，表示“可能”。故填probably。
7．考查名词。根据上文a
new
and
encouraging可知此处应填单数名词development，表示“发展”。故填development。
8．考查动词时态。根据时间状语in
the
past
few
months对应的谓语动词时态是现在完成时，且主语为seeing
how
much
good
publicity
the
post，助动词应用has。故填has
got/gotten。
9．考查冠词。test为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且test为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
10．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知make
在句中作非谓语动词，且make与逻辑主语bags之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填made。Unit
5
Meeting
your
ancestors
Section
Ⅱ
请同学们认真完成练案[14]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There
was
a
systematic
(有系统的)
approach
to
solving
the
problem.
2．The
meeting
is
of
such
great
significance
(意义)
that
I
have
to
attend
it.
3．We
must
stop
him
seeing
her
somehow
(以某种方式)．
4．It's
very
rude
to
s
pit
at
someone.
5．He
wanted
to
d
elete
my
name
from
the
list.
6．The
photos
belong
in
an
a
lbum
.
7．She
sends
her
little
daughter
to
the
k
indergarten
every
day.
8．I
want
a
skateboard
(滑板)．
9．When
I
was
a
child,
I
didn't
like
onion
(洋葱),
but
I
don't
mind
it
now.
10．The
hotel
r
eceptionist
wants
to
know
when
we
will
be
checking
out
tomorrow
morning.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．They
began
contributing
articles
to
our
magazine
several
years
ago,
and
they
keep
doing
so
until
now.
→All
these
years
they
have
been
contributing
articles
to
our
magazine.
2．I
started
to
drink
coffee
when
I
got
to
the
office
this
afternoon.I
am
still
drinking
coffee
now.
→
I
have
been
drinking
coffee
all
the
afternoon
since
I
got
to
the
office.
3.
It
has
been
six
hours
since
the
baby
fell
asleep.
→The
baby
has
been
sleeping
for
six
hours.
4．My
brother
joined
the
piano
club
three
months
ago.
→It
has
been
three
months
since
my
brother
joined
the
piano
club.
5．Li
Lei
moved
to
Hangzhou
ten
years
ago
and
he
is
still
living
there
now.
→Li
Lei
has
been
living
in
Hangzhou
for
ten
years.
6.
The
scientist
came
to
study
the
Chinese
ancient
culture
last
year
and
he
is
still
working
in
China.
→The
scientist
has
been
studying
the
Chinese
ancient
culture
since
last
year.
7．Tom's
father
died
three
years
ago.
→Tom's
father
has
been
dead
for
three
years.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这个项目的失败在很大程度上是由于他的粗心。
The
failure
of
the
project
was
largely
due
to
his
carelessness.
2．不知怎么地，我感觉事故的目击者在说谎。
Somehow
，
I
felt
the
witness
to
the
accident
was
telling
a
lie.
3．贝拉受够了无趣的工作，决定再找一份新的。
Bella
was
fed
up
with
the
boring
job
and
decided
to
find
a
new
one.
4．格雷丝代表公司在会议上介绍了新产品。
On
behalf
of
her
company,
Grace
introduced
a
new
product
at
the
meeting.
5．互联网的使用在社会发展中具有重大意义。
The
use
of
the
Internet
is
of
great
significance
in
the
development
of
society.
Ⅳ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There
are
lots
of
ways
to
raise
awareness
for
a
cause.Usually，the
1.C
the
idea
is，the
more
it
gets
noticed.And
that's
precisely
why
one
2.A
Frenchman
has
caught
our
attention.
Baptiste
Dubanchet
is
biking
across
Europe，surviving
3.C
on
discarded(丢弃的)
food.The
threemonth,1,900mile
journey
from
Paris
to
Warsaw
is
Dubanchet's
4.B
of
raising
awareness
of
food
waste
in
Europe
and
throughout
the
world.
As
you
can
imagine，the
trip
is
no
piece
of
cake.While
restaurants
5.D
tons
of
food
each
year，much
of
it
remains
inaccessible
because
of
6.A
garbage
containers，health
regulations，or
business
policies.Only
about
one
in
ten
places
offered
him
food
that
would
otherwise
be
discarded.For
legal
7.A
，most
restaurants
have
a
policy
against
8.B
food
waste.“Some
people
have
even
9.D
their
jobs
by
giving
me
food，”
Dubanchet
said.
What's
10.C
interesting
is
the
attitude
various
cities
have
toward
Dubanchet's
cause.Berlin
has
been
the
easiest
while
the
most
difficult
was
the
Czech
town
of
Pilsen.There，he
had
to
11.C
at
some
50
different
stores
or
restaurants
before
finding
food.The
challenge
is
all
the
more
serious
when
you
consider
the
12.C
exercise
required
to
bike
from
France
to
Poland.
“I
have
to
get
food
13.D
because
after
all
the
biking
I
am
tired
and
I
need
the
14.B
，”
Dubanchet
explained.“Is
my
stomach
full
or
empty?
That
is
the
most
important
thing，not
what
I
am
eating.”
He
aims
to
15.D
his
journey
by
midJuly.With
any
luck，he'll
turn
a
few
more
heads
in
the
process.
文章大意：本文讲述了法国人Baptiste
Dubanchet一路骑自行车穿越欧洲，途中以丢弃的食物为生，试图通过他的行为，来唤起人们对食物浪费现象的关注。
1．A．cleverer　　　　　　　　
B．older
C．strange
D．simpler
解析：根据下文中的“the
more
it
gets
noticed”可知，此处是“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..(越……，越……)”结构，语意表示“想法越不寻常，就越能引起人们的关注”。
2．A．garbageeating
B．sportsloving
C．foodwasting
D．lawbreaking
解析：根据下文中的“on
discarded(丢弃)
food”和全文可知，Baptiste
Dubanchet一路靠丢弃的食物为生，由此可知他是个“吃垃圾的人”。
3．A．secretly
B．finally
C．entirely
D．probably
解析：他完全依靠丢弃的食物来维持生活，以此来唤起人们珍惜食物的意识。
4．A．purpose
B．way
C．opinion
D．dream
解析：这是一种唤起人们对食物浪费现象进行关注的方式。
5．A．store
B．cook
C．shop
for
D．throw
away
解析：根据上下文可知，餐馆每年要倒掉数吨食物。
6．A．locked
B．damaged
C．connected
D．abandoned
解析：根据上文可知，这些被丢弃的食物被锁在了垃圾箱里。
7．A．reasons
B．rights
C．fees
D．aids
解析：出于法律上的原因，大部分餐馆都有规定，不允许把要丢弃的食物送掉。
8．A．begging
for
B．giving
away
C．hiding
D．causing
解析：参考上题解析。give
away赠送，分发，选B。
9．A．did
B．kept
C．accepted
D．risked
解析：有些人冒着丢掉工作的风险给我食物。此处risk意为“冒……的风险”。根据语境可知，选D。
10．A．hardly
B．usually
C．particularly
D．merely
解析：特别有意思的是，不同城市对他这种行为的态度各不相同。particularly特别，尤其。根据语境可知，选C。
11．A．work
B．shout
C．ask
D．jump
解析：在比尔森市，他不得不询问了约50家不同的商店或餐馆，才讨得食物。故选C。
12．A．adequate
B．rewarding
C．demanding
D．suitable
解析：这是一项费力的活动，需要一路从法国骑自行车到波兰。根据句意可知，选C。
13．A．again
B．alone
C．later
D．fast
解析：根据语意可知，一路骑自行车，到达目的地后又累又饿，肯定需要尽快地获得食物，以补充身体所需的能量。故选fast。
14．A．spirit
B．energy
C．time
D．effort
解析：参考上题解析。
15．A．arrange
B．restart
C．report
D．finish
解析：他打算在7月中旬完成他的此次旅行，故选D。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
Monkeys
seem
to
have
a
way
with
numbers.
A
team
of
researchers
trained
three
Rhesus
monkeys
to
associate
26
clearly
different
symbols
consisting
of
numbers
and
selective
letters
with
0?25
drops
of
water
or
juice
as
a
reward.The
researchers
then
tested
how
the
monkeys
combined—or
added—the
symbols
to
get
the
reward.
Here's
how
Harvard
Medical
School
scientist
Margaret
Livingstone，who
led
the
team，described
the
experiment：In
their
cages
the
monkeys
were
provided
with
touch
screens.On
one
part
of
the
screen，a
symbol
would
appear，and
on
the
other
side
two
symbols
inside
a
circle
were
shown.For
example，the
number
7
would
flash
on
one
side
of
the
screen
and
the
other
end
would
have
9
and
8.If
the
monkeys
touched
the
left
side
of
the
screen
they
would
be
rewarded
with
seven
drops
of
water
or
juice；if
they
went
for
the
circle，they
would
be
rewarded
with
the
sum
of
the
numbers—17
in
this
example.
After
running
hundreds
of
tests，the
researchers
noted
that
the
monkeys
would
go
for
the
higher
values
more
than
half
the
time，indicating
that
they
were
performing
a
calculation，not
just
memorizing
the
value
of
each
combination.
When
the
team
examined
the
results
of
the
experiment
more
closely，they
noticed
that
the
monkeys
tended
to
underestimate(低估)
a
sum
compared
with
a
single
symbol
when
the
two
were
close
in
value—sometimes
choosing，for
example，a
13
over
the
sum
of
8
and
6.The
underestimation
was
systematic：When
adding
two
numbers，the
monkeys
always
paid
attention
to
the
larger
of
the
two，and
then
added
only
a
fraction
(小部分)
of
the
smaller
number
to
it.
“This
indicates
that
there
is
a
certain
way
quantity
is
represented
in
their
brains，”Dr.Livingstone
says.“But
in
this
experiment
what
they're
doing
is
paying
more
attention
to
the
big
number
than
the
little
one.”
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物实验，实验发现猴子能进行基本的加法运算，但加的结果有时会小于总和。
1．What
did
the
researchers
do
to
the
monkeys
before
testing
them？
C
A．They
fed
them.
B．They
named
them.
C．They
trained
them.
D．They
measured
them.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A
team
of
researchers
trained
three
Rhesus
monkeys...”和“The
researchers
then
tested
how
the
monkeys
combined—or
added—the
symbols
to
get
the
reward.”可知研究者们是先训练猴子然后才进行测试的，故选C项。其他三项均未提及。
2．How
did
the
monkeys
get
their
reward
in
the
experiment？
B
A．By
drawing
a
circle.
B．By
touching
a
screen.
C．By
watching
videos.
D．By
mixing
two
drinks.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If
the
monkeys
touched
the
left
side
of
the
screen
they
would
be
rewarded
with
seven
drops
of
water
or
juice...”可知猴子们是通过触碰屏幕得到奖励的，故选B项。其他三项均不是猴子所做的事。
3．What
did
Livingstone's
team
find
about
the
monkeys？
A
A．They
could
perform
basic
addition.
B．They
could
understand
simple
words.
C．They
could
memorize
numbers
easily.
D．They
could
hold
their
attention
for
long.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。
4．In
which
section
of
a
newspaper
may
this
text
appear？
D
A．Entertainment.
B．Health.
C．Education.
D．Science.
解析：推理判断题。全文围绕科学实验展开——研究者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发现猴子能够进行简单的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。
Ⅵ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Supermarkets
in
Vietnam
and
Thailand
are
leading
the
fight
1.against
single?use
plastics
by
2.replacing
(replace)
plastic
bags
with
banana
leaves.
As
we
all
know,
it
is
of
great
importance
to
the
planet
3.that
we
stop
using
so
much
bloody
plastic.Firstly,
it
is
poisoning
the
seas.Whales
are
washed
up
4.to
die
(die)．It
is
the
huge
amounts
of
plastic
inside
their
5.stomachs
(stomach)
that
kill
them.Secondly,
if
it
is
poisoning
the
seas,
it's
6.probably
(probable)
poisoning
us,
too,
for
we
eat
a
load
of
things
that
come
out
of
the
sea.
Lately,
a
new
and
encouraging
7.development
(develop)
started
with
a
Facebook
post
showing
banana
leaves
being
used
in
the
Rimping
supermarket
in
Chiang
Mai.Thailand.After
seeing
how
much
good
publicity
the
post
8.has
got/gotten
(get)
in
the
past
few
months,
supermarkets
in
Vietnam
have
all
followed
suit.
According
to
a
spokesperson
for
Lotte
Market
in
Ho
Chizminh
City,
they're
only
doing
this
as
9.a
test,
but
they
plan
to
expand
the
action
nationwide
and
hope
to
be
able
to
use
the
leaves
for
meat
as
well
as
vegetables
before
too
long.Besides,
another
Vietnamese
supermarket,
has
already
started
using
biodegradable
(可生物降解的)
bags
10.made
(make)
from
corn.
This
is
a
step
in
the
right
direction
and
we
do
need
it.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是越南和泰国的超市正在发起一场反对塑料袋使用的战役。为了减少环境污染，他们使用香蕉叶来代替一次性塑料袋。
解析：
1．考查介词。根据短语fight
against表示“打击，反对”。故填against。
2．考查非谓语动词。by是介词，后跟动名词做宾语。故填replacing。
3．考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，前面的代词it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。从句不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。
4．考查形容词。句意：鲸鱼被冲上岸等死。分析句子结构可知die在句中作非谓语动词，且表示将要发生的事应用不定式。故填to
die。
5．考查名词的数。stomach为可数名词，根据上文their可知应用复数形式，在后面直接加?s。故填stomachs。
6．考查副词。修饰句子的谓语is
poisoning应用副词probably，表示“可能”。故填probably。
7．考查名词。根据上文a
new
and
encouraging可知此处应填单数名词development，表示“发展”。故填development。
8．考查动词时态。根据时间状语in
the
past
few
months对应的谓语动词时态是现在完成时，且主语为seeing
how
much
good
publicity
the
post，助动词应用has。故填has
got/gotten。
9．考查冠词。test为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且test为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
10．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知make
在句中作非谓语动词，且make与逻辑主语bags之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填made。
Section
Ⅲ　Using
Language
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.单词速记
1．
radioactive
(adj.)放射性的；有辐射能的
2．
division
(n.)分割；划分；分配；分界线→
divide
(vt.)分开；
分成；分配
3．
applaud
(vi.&
vt.)鼓掌欢迎；赞赏
4．
accelerate
(vi.&
vt.)
加速；促进
5．
arrest
(vt.)逮捕；吸引　(n.)
逮捕；拘留
6．
skilful/skillful
(adj.)有技巧的；熟练的→
skill
(n.)技能；熟练→
skilfully/skillfully
(adv.)
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．
be
worried
about
担心；烦恼
2．
if
only
但愿；要是……就好了
3．
look
ahead
向前看；为将来打算
4．时而；不时地
now
and
then
5．追溯到……
date
back
to/from
巧学妙记
ac?作前缀的词
with＋n.→介词短语
accelerate加速；促进accumulate积累；聚集accuracy精确；准确accompany陪同；陪伴accuse
控告；控诉
with
relief
欣慰地with
anger
生气地with
fear
害怕地with
ease
轻易地with
delight
高兴地
Ⅲ.课文理解
First　略读主旨
1．Match
the
general
idea
of
every
paragraph.
Para.1
D
A．Lala
and
her
families
made
preparations
for
the
feast.
Para.2
A
B．The
description
of
Dahu.
Para.3
B
C．How
did
Dahu
make
tools?
Para.4
C
D．Lala
worried
about
the
preparations
for
the
feast
and
she
hoped
the
feast
could
be
as
good
as
the
one
last
year.
2．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage？
D
A．The
marriage
life
of
Lala
and
Dahu.
B．The
separate
responsibilities
of
men
and
women.
C．The
difference
between
early
life
and
modern
life.
D．The
preparation
work
for
a
feast.
Second　细读细节
1．What's
the
best
title
of
the
text?
C
A．The
marriage
of
Lala
and
Dahu
B．The
collection
of
foods
C．The
preparations
for
the
feast
D．The
separate
responsibilities
2．According
to
the
text，which
job
was
often
done
by
Lala？
A
A．Collecting
fruit.
B．Killing
animals.
C．Sharpening
scrapers.
D．To
go
fishing.
3．Which
job
was
often
done
by
Dahu？
B
A．Preparing
meals.
B．Fishing.
C．Collecting
nuts.
D．Making
money.
4．Why
did
Lala
accelerate
her
walk？
A
A．Because
she
feared
wild
animals.
B．Because
she
was
arrested
by
a
delicious
smell.
C．Because
she'd
like
to
meet
her
husband.
D．Because
she
was
late
for
the
feast.
5．According
to
the
text,
what
was
Lala’s
attitude
towards
her
marriage？
C
A．She
felt
so
shy.
B．She
felt
so
worried.
C．She
felt
very
satisfied.
D．The
text
doesn't
tell
us.
Third　精读语篇
1．
Worried
(worry)
about
the
preparations
for
her
feast,
Lala
quickly
turned
for
home.2.
It
was
the
custom
of
family
groups
to
separate
and
then
gather
again
at
different
sites
for
reunions.If
only
she
3.
had
looked
(look)
ahead
and
planned
4.
better
(good)
this
year,
Lala
thought.
Having
heard
wolves
howling
in
the
forest,
Lala
accelerated
her
walk
up
the
path
to
the
caves
5.
fearing
(fear)
that
there
might
be
wild
beasts.She
had
no
man
6.
with
his
spear
to
protect
her.She
had
almost
reached
her
destination
7.
when
a
delicious
smell
arrested
her
progress
and
she
stopped.8.
Abruptly
(abrupt)
Lala
sat
down，only
9.
to
be
scooped
(scoop)
up
by
her
sister,
Luna.
Lala
was
in
high
10.
spirits
(spirit)
when
the
first
of
the
guests
from
the
neighbouring
caves
began
to
arrive
for
dinner.
Fourth　研读难句
1．Worried
about
the
preparations
for
her
feast，Lala
quickly
turned
for
home
with
her
collection
of
nuts，melons
and
other
fruit.
分析：本句为简单句。
Worried
about
the
preparations
for
her
feast
为过去分词短语作原因状语。相当于原因状语从句Because
she
was
worried
about
the
preparations
for
her
feast.worry
about为固定短语，意思是“担心”。
译文：
拉拉担心她这次盛宴的准备工作，所以赶紧把坚果、甜瓜和其他水果收集起来就快步回家了。
2．It
was
the
custom
of
family
groups
to
separate
and
then
gather
again
at
different
sites
for
reunions
as
they
followed
the
animal
herds
across
the
grasslands.
分析：本句为复合句。It为形式主语，真正的主语为
to
separate
and
then
gather
again
at
different
sites
of
reunions
。
as
they
followed
the
animal
herds
across
the
grasslands为as引导的原因状语从句。
译文：
由于在草原上放牧，家族成员先分散开，然后在不同的地方相聚，这是他们的一个习俗。
课内合作探究
重
点
词
汇
1．applaud
vi.&
vt.
鼓掌欢迎；赞赏
①They
kept
applauding
long
after
the
curtain
came
down.
落幕之后，他们仍长时间鼓掌。
②The
audience
warmly
applauded
the
performers.
观众向演员们热烈鼓掌。
③They
applauded
him
for
his
courage.
他们因他的勇气而称赞他。
注意：applaud
sb./sth.向某人/某事鼓掌表示欢迎或赞赏
applaud
sb.for
sth.因某事赞赏某人
归纳拓展
applause
n.
鼓掌；喝彩；夸奖；赞扬
win
the
applause
of...赢得……的掌声
①There
was
continued
applause.
掌声经久不息。
②The
audience
broke
into
rapturous
applause.
听众中爆发出一片欢呼喝彩声。
③His
good
conduct
deserves
applause.
他的优良品行值得称赞。
④His
speech
won
the
applause
of
the
audience.
他的讲话赢得了听众的掌声。
图解助记
即时巩固
单句语法填空
①We
applauded
Beijing
for
its
strong
and
determined
leadership
in
protecting
the
health
of
its
people.
解析：句意：我们赞赏北京在保护老百姓健康方面强大而坚定的领导。
②Despite
their
young
age，the
children
skillfully
played
the
characters
and
won
much
applause
(applaud)．
解析：句意：尽管他们很年轻，这些孩子娴熟地扮演了这些角色并因此赢得了很多掌声。
2．accelerate
vi.&
vt.
加速；促进
①The
car
accelerated
on
the
downhill
road.
汽车在下山的路上加速行驶。
②She
accelerated
her
car
and
passed
the
bus
in
front.
她加快车速超过了前面的公共汽车。
③The
new
policy
accelerated
the
fall
of
the
government.
新政策的出台加速了该政府的倒台。
归纳拓展
acceleration
n.
加速；加快；加速的幅度；加速能力；加速度
accelerator
n.
(汽车的)油门；加速器
①It
captures
a
five?second
history
of
speed,
acceleration
and
braking.
它能记录5秒钟内汽车的速度、加速和刹车情况。
②The
driver
pressed
on
the
accelerator,
savagely
roaring
the
engine.
司机踩下油门踏板，引擎轰鸣。
即时巩固
补全句子
①The
local
government
has
taken
measures
to
accelerate
the
rate
of
economic
growth
(加快经济增长的速度)．
单句语法填空
②He
made
up
his
mind
to
accelerate
(accelerate)
his
advertising
regardless
of
others'
objection.
3．arrest
vt.逮捕；吸引　n．逮捕；拘留
①He
got
arrested
for
robbing.
他因抢劫被逮捕。
②He
was
arrested
for
causing
a
serious
car
accident.
他因造成严重车祸而被逮捕。
③An
unusual
noise
arrested
my
attention.
一阵不寻常的嘈杂声引起了我的注意。
④The
police
made
several
arrests
during
the
football
match.
警方在足球赛时逮捕了一些人。
归纳拓展
arrest
sb.for因……而逮捕某人
get
arrested
被逮捕
arrest
one's
attention
引起某人的注意
under
arrest
在关押中
make
an
arrest
进行拘捕
图解助记
即时巩固
单句语法填空
①The
young
man
was
arrested
for
having
stolen
computers.
②Why
did
the
woman
get
arrested
(arrest)
last
night?
③It
is
said
that
she
was
under
arrest
on
suspicion
of
murder.
重
点
短
语
1．look
ahead
向前看；为将来打算
①Look
ahead.What
can
you
see
on
the
top
of
the
hill?
向前看，你看见山顶上有什么东西？
②Young
people
often
look
ahead
to
the
future
while
the
elderly
look
back
on
the
past.
青年人常思将来，老年人常思既往。
归纳拓展
look
down
upon/on
看不起，歧视
look
forward
to
盼望，期望
look
into
调查，研究
look
through
温习，仔细检查，浏览
look
up
查阅
look
up
to
尊敬，敬仰
①The
government
will
look
into
how
to
reduce
unemployment
rate.
政府将研究如何降低失业率。
②My
father
certainly
has
great
influence
on
me
and
I
always
look
up
to
him.
我父亲对我有极深远的影响，我一直很尊敬他。
即时巩固
完成句子
①
Looking
ahead
，
I
am
filled
with
confidence
and
enthusiasm.
展望未来，我充满信心和热情。
用look短语的适当形式填空
②Mr
Smith
had
taught
for
many
years,
and
all
students
looked
up
to
him.
③You
should
look
through
your
notes
before
the
examination.
④We'll
look
into
the
matter
first
before
coming
to
a
decision.
2．date
back
to...“追溯到……，始于”，相当于date
from。
①My
family
has
a
vase,
which
is
said
to
date
back
to
the
Ming
Dynasty.
我家有个花瓶，据说是从明代传下来的。
②Tomb
Sweeping
Day
dates
back
to
the
Spring
and
Autumn
Period.
清明节可以追溯到春秋时代。
③The
cultural
relic
discovered
lately
dates
from
the
Qing
Dynasty.
最近发现的文物属于清朝。
注意：date
back
to和date
from常用一般现在时，而且无被动语态。
归纳拓展
up
to
date
最近的；跟上时代的
out
of
date
过时的；废弃的
①Just
like
your
anti?virus,
you
have
to
keep
your
firewall
up
to
date.
就像你的反病毒程序，你要保持你的防火墙是最新的。
②All
our
information
is
kept
right
up
to
date
on
the
computer.
我们贮存在计算机里的所有信息都跟得上时代的发展。
③The
timetable
is
out
of
date.
这张时间表过期了。
易混辨析
date
back
to和
date
back
date
back
to
“追溯到；始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词
date
back
“上溯；追溯”，其后接表示一段时间的名词
The
history
of
their
family
dates
back
hundreds
of
years;
the
house
where
they
live
dates
back
to
the
18th
century.
他们的家族已有几百年的历史；他们住的房子始建于18世纪。
图解助记
即时巩固
完成句子
①His
interest
in
the
art
can
date
back
to
a
little
incident
in
his
childhood.
他对美术的兴趣可以追溯到孩童时代的一件小事。
选词填空(out
of
date,
up
to
date,
fix
a
date)
②We'll
keep
you
up
to
date
with
the
latest
news.
③You
can
give
away
the
old
clothes
that
are
out
of
date
to
those
in
need
of
clothing.
④We
have
to
fix
a
date
to
discuss
the
problem
carefully.
单句语法填空
⑤Every
spring
we
will
take
pictures
in
front
of
the
old
tree,
which
dates
(date)
back
to
as
early
as
800
years
ago.
经
典
句
式
1．Worried
about
the
preparations
for
her
feast,
Lala
quickly
turned
for
home
with
her
collection
of
nuts,
melons
and
other
fruit.
拉拉担心她这次盛宴的准备工作，所以赶紧把坚果，甜瓜和其他水果收集起来就快步回家了。
worried
about
the
preparations
for
her
feast为过去分词短语作状语，用来描述主语的状态。
Buried
in
her
homework,
she
didn't
notice
it
was
10
o'clock.
忙于她的作业，她没注意到已经10点了。
Devoted
to
his
research,
he
has
no
time
to
watch
TV,
so
he
doesn't
know
what
has
happened
to
Japan.
致力于他的研究，他没时间看电视，因此他不知道近来日本发生了什么事。
注意：有些动词或动词短语常用过去分词形式作状语，用来描述主语的状态。这些词有excite，tire，frighten，absorb，surprise，shock，satisfy，exhaust等。
即时巩固
单句语法填空
①
Exhausted
(exhaust),
he
lay
on
the
grass.
②He
turned
away,
satisfied
(satisfy)．
③
Addicted
(addict)
to
the
Internet,
he
didn't
study
at
all.
解析：句意：沉溺于网络，他一点也不学习了。be
addicted
to...“沉溺于……”，addicted
to为过去分词短语作状语，用以说明主语的状态。
2．If
only
she
had
looked
ahead
and
planned
better
this
year!
她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！
if
only...意为“要是……就好了，但愿……”，其后的句子常用虚拟语气，表达强烈的愿望或遗憾。if
only所在的句子可以用一般过去时(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟)、过去将来时(表示与将来事实相反的虚拟)或过去完成时(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟)。
If
only
my
mother
were
with
me
now!
要是我母亲现在和我在一起就好了！
If
only
he
would
reply
to
my
letter!
要是他能给我回信就好了！
注意：“If
only＋句子”是一个固定句型，表示一种愿望，意为“要是……就好了，但愿……”。
①“if
only...could/would＋do...”表示与将来事实相反的愿望。
I
dread
the
coming
exams.If
only
I
could
have
time
to
review
my
lessons.
我对即将到来的考试非常担心。如果我有时间复习该多好啊。
②“if
only...did...”表示与目前或现在事实相反的愿望。
If
only
I
had
another
chance.
要是我再有一次机会就好了。
③“if
only...had
done...”表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
If
only
you
had
come
to
help
us
yesterday!
你要是昨天来帮我们就好了！
温馨提示
only
if“只有……才”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气，其中only表示强调。因为状语从句放在句首，又用only强调，所以主句主谓要倒装。
Only
if
you
ask
many
different
questions
will
you
acquire
all
the
information
you
need
to
know.
你只有提出了许多不同的问题之后才有可能获得你需要知道的信息。
即时巩固
单句语法填空
①—Any
information
about
your
son?
—No,
if
only
I
hadn't
said
(say)
those
tough
words
to
him.
解析：考查虚拟语气。答句句意：没有，要是我不对他说那些狠话就好了。if
only意为“要是……就好了”，需用虚拟语气。从对话的语境可知，对儿子说狠话是在过去发生的事，故用过去完成时。
②If
only
he
had
lain
(lie)
quietly
as
the
doctor
instructed,
he
would
not
suffer
so
much
now.
解析：考查固定句式。句意：如果他按医生的嘱咐安静地躺着就好了，他现在就不会遭这么多罪了。if
only“要是……就好了；但愿……”。根据句意可知“躺”的动作发生在过去，表示对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时。
③—Did
Jack
take
the
doctor's
advice
that
he
(should)lie
(lie)
in
bed
for
another
three
days?
—If
only
he
had
lain
(lie)．
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：——杰克采纳医生让他在床上再躺三天的建议了吗？——他要是躺着就好啦。advice“建议”，后面同位语从句的谓语部分应该用“(should＋)动词原形”的结构。根据语境可知他并未采纳医生的建议，故if
only引导的句子与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。
④Others
tell
you
that
they
would
go
so
much
further
in
their
career
if
only
they
had
(have)
a
college
education.
解析：考查固定句式。句意：其他人告诉你要是他们接受了大学教育的话，他们就会在事业方面走更远。if
only意为“要是……就好了”，表示与现在事实相反的假设，故用一般过去时。
3．Having
heard
wolves
howling
in
the
forest,
Lala
accelerated
her
walk
up
the
path
to
the
caves
fearing
that
there
might
be
wild
beasts
lying
in
wait
for
her.
听见狼群在森林里嚎叫，拉拉加快了回洞穴的步伐，担心会有野兽在等着她。
此句中多处用了现在分词。“Having
heard
wolves
howling
in
the
forest”为现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语，其中“howling
in
the
forest”为现在分词短语作宾语补足语，而“fearing
that...”在句中作伴随状语，其中that从句为动词fear的宾语，从句中的“lying
in
wait
for
her”为分词短语作后置定语修饰wild
beasts。
Having
finished
his
report,
Tom
went
to
the
playground
to
play
basketball.
完成了他的报告，汤姆去操场打篮球了。
I
saw
him
talking
with
his
teacher
just
now.
刚才我看见他正和他老师谈话。
They
walked
on
the
road
to
the
library,
talking
and
laughing.
他们走在去图书馆的路上，说说笑笑。
This
is
the
dog
barking
just
now.
这就是刚才叫唤的那只狗。
注意：现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，它与主语之间构成主谓关系；现在分词作宾语补足语，与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；现在分词作定语，与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
即时巩固
单句语法填空
①
Having
finished
(finish)
a
day's
work，she
went
home
at
once
fearing
that
there
were
many
cars
driving
home
on
the
road.
②
Living
(live)
in
a
southern
city
of
China,
I
have
never
seen
such
a
wonderful
snow
view.
③
Not
having
grown
(not
grow)
up
yet,
you're
not
allowed
to
enter
the
bars.
4．She
had
almost
reached
her
destination
when
a
delicious
smell
arrested
her
progress
and
she
stopped.
快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。
句中“had
done...when...”是一个常用句型，意为“(刚)做完了……就在那时……”。
when表示“就在那时”时，常见句式及意义如下：
He
was
talking
about
his
plans
when
suddenly
the
lights
went
off.
他还在喋喋不休地讲着他的计划，这时灯突然灭了。
I
was
about
to
go
to
bed
when
someone
knocked
at
the
door.
我正要上床睡觉，这时有人敲门。
We
had
hardly
arrived
when
it
began
to
snow.
我们刚到就开始下雪了。
即时巩固
单句语法填空
①(2017·天津卷改编)I
was
driving
(drive)
down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
was
on
the
wrong
road.
解析：考查固定句型。句意：我正开车去伦敦时，突然我发现我走错了路。was/were
doing
sth.＋when
(suddenly)
did...,
when为并列连词，意为：就在这时(那时)。
②I
was
about
to
leave
the
room
when
the
bell
rang.
完成句子
③I
had
almost
finished
my
work
when
the
power
went
out.
我刚要完成工作的时候停电了。
5．He
chose
one
large
stone
and
began
to
use
it
like
a
hammer
striking
the
edge
of
the
scraper
that
needed
sharpening.
他选了一大块石头，把它当作锤子敲打一个需要磨快的石刮刀边沿。
(1)本句中and连接两个并列谓语，that引导的定语从句修饰先行词scraper。
(2)句中needed
sharpening中的sharpening是动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，英语中need，want，require等动词后可以接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，也可以用动词不定式的被动形式表示被动意义。
The
house
needs
cleaning/to
be
cleaned.
这所房子需要打扫一下。
The
sentence
wants
explaining/to
be
explained
again.
这个句子需要再解释一遍。
归纳拓展
在英语表达当中有很多用的是主动形式，但表达的意义却是被动的，现总结如下：
①表示感受、感官的连系动词feel，sound，taste，look等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动含义。
The
mixture
tasted
terrible.
这种混合物尝起来味道很不好。
②表达事物行为、方式的动词open，shut，lock，sell，write，wash等习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。
This
kind
of
cloth
washes
well.
这种布料很好洗。
The
new
door
won't
open.
新门打不开。
③“be＋形容词＋不定式”结构常表示被动含义。
The
problem
is
hard
to
solve.
这问题很难解决。
④be
on
show,
be
on
sale,
be
under
discussion等表被动意义。
Summer
clothes
are
on
sale.
夏装正在出售。
⑤“be
worth
doing”结构表示被动含义。
The
film
is
worth
seeing.
这部电影值得一看。
⑥“不定式作后置定语”结构表示被动含义。
Would
you
like
something
to
drink?
你想喝点什么吗？
即时巩固
完成句子
①These
raw
meat
needs
cutting
up/to
be
cut
up
.
这些生肉需要切碎。
②The
floor
requires
washing/to
be
washed
.
地板需要冲洗。
6．Abruptly
she
sat
down,
only
to
be
scooped
up
by
her
laughing,
shouting
sister,
Luna.
突然她坐了下来，结果被她的又笑又喊的妹妹卢娜一把抱了起来。
本句中only
to
be
scooped
up...作结果状语，强调意想不到的结果。
He
woke
up
only
to
find
everyone
gone.
他醒了过来结果发现大家都走了。
She
returned
home
only
to
find
that
no
one
was
at
home.
她回到家，才发现家里没有一个人。
温馨提示
不定式在句子中作结果状语，强调意料之外的结果，要注意不定式与句子主语的关系，是主谓关系的，用主动式，是被动关系的，用动词不定式的被动式；而v.?ing形式在句子中作结果状语，强调自然的、必然的结果。
The
fire
was
too
big
and
out
of
control,
burning
the
whole
building
down.
火太大并失去了控制，把整座楼都烧倒了。
即时巩固
单句语法填空
①Tom
took
a
taxi
to
the
airport,
only
to
find
(find)
his
plane
high
up
in
the
sky.
②
He
got
up
late
and
hurried
to
his
office,
leaving
(leave)
the
breakfast
untouched.
③After
the
earthquake
the
electricity
supply
failed,
making
(make)
the
cooling
system
break
down.
④Bill
returned
after
the
war,
only
to
be
told
(tell)that
his
parents
had
died.
⑤They
are
there
only
to
satisfy
(satisfy)
their
curiosity.
Unit
5　Section
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．R
adioactive
waste
needs
disposing
with
caution.
2．I
d
eleted
the
file
by
mistake
yesterday，for
which
I
was
scolded
by
my
manager.
3．The
airplane
climbed
to
a
dizzy
(眩晕的)
height.
4．The
students
applauded
(鼓掌欢迎)
the
boy
student's
clever
answer.
5．We
will
accelerate
(加速)
the
reform
of
the
financial
system
under
these
circumstances.
6．They've
arrested
(逮捕)
almost
everybody
who
is
involved
in
the
robbery.
7．The
results
of
the
study
have
a
great
significance
(重要意义)
for
all
the
professions.
8．It
was
a
relief
(宽慰)
to
be
able
to
talk
to
someone
about
it.
9．
Somehow
(不知怎么地)，she
looks
different.
10．The
police
have
already
identified
(确认)
10
murder
suspects.
Ⅱ.选词填空
if
only，with
relief,
be
fed
up
with,
look
ahead，date
back
to
1．My
interest
in
stamp
collection
dates
back
to
my
schooldays.
2.
I'm
trying
to
look
ahead
at
what
might
happen
and
be
ready
to
handle
it.
3．Jenny
is
fed
up
with
Tom
who
is
always
compromising
his
principles.
4．We
all
sighed
with
relief
when
the
plane
finally
touched
down
safely.
5．
If
only
it
would
stop
raining!
Ⅲ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．People
all
applauded
him
for
his
bravery.
2．Usually
the
little
kids
are
looking
forward
to
the
festival.
3．He
was
arrested
for
causing
a
serious
car
accident.
4．This
is
an
old
building
dating
back
to
the
14th
century.
5．The
mother
is
worried
about
her
son's
safety.
6．You
can
scoop
up
more
food
from
the
bottom
of
a
pot
of
soup.
7．He
will
give
me
a
shot
and
pull
out
my
tooth.
8．Do
you
have
a
job
where
I
can
sit
down
？
9．Nothing
but
a
disaster
would
come
from
such
a
plan.
10．He
looked
backward
over
his
shoulder.Unit
5
Meeting
your
ancestors
Section
Ⅲ
请同学们认真完成练案[15]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
h
owl
of
the
wolves
gave
the
lonely
traveler
a
feeling
of
fear.
2．Fertilizer
will
accelerate
(促进)
the
growth
of
these
tomato
plants.
3．She
is
very
skilful
(熟练的)
at
using
the
machine.
4．What
can
we
do
with
dangerous
r
adioactive
wastes?
5．The
police
arrested
(逮捕)
him
for
murder.
6．Jessica
scanned
the
lines，none
of
which
had
any
punctuation
(标点符号)．
7．Every
person
stood
to
applaud
(赞赏)
his
unforgettable
act
of
courage.
8．The
division
(分配)
of
labor
is
purely
primitive,
between
the
sexes
only.
9．If
the
water
is
cooler
or
warmer,
it
could
make
you
feel
dizzy
(眩晕的)．
10.
The
excitement
quickened
my
p
ulse
.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．I'm
fed
up
with
(受够了)
waiting
for
her
to
telephone.
2．All
living
things
depend
on
(依靠)
the
sun
for
their
growth.
3．I
think
the
door
is
locked,
but
I'd
better
go
and
make
sure
(确保)
it
is.
4．
Look
ahead
(向前看)
in
the
distance,
and
you
can
see
the
lights
of
the
village.
5．The
robbers
were
lying
in
wait
for
(埋伏以伏击)
me
as
I
came
out
of
the
bank.
6．She
sighed
with
relief
(欣慰地)
that
it
was
all
over.
7．He
came
up
(走上来)
and
introduced
himself.
8．He
takes
my
sister
out
to
the
theatre
now
and
then
(时不时地)．
9．Please
pass
the
dictionary
to
(把……传递给……)
me.
10.These
plant
fossils
date
back
to
(追溯到)
the
age
of
the
dinosaurs.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Ice
and
snow
were
beating
the
window
and
the
wind
almost
swept
everything
away
outside.I
1.A
how
I
would
get
home.The
12?mile
route
took
me
up
and
down
steep
hills
and
around
2.B
turns.I
whispered
a
prayer
for
3.C
.
My
old
green
Blazer
SUV
was
doing
wonderfully
over
the
4.A
roadway.
5.A
as
I
climbed
one
of
the
steepest
and
scariest
hills,
I
noticed
the
tires
were
slipping,
and
I
decided
it
was
time
to
6.C
to
four?wheel
drive.Slowly
the
tires
7.D
the
road,
and
the
top
came
8.A
sight.Unfortunately,
I
had
just
made
it
when
the
9.C
stopped.I
pushed
and
pulled
the
lever
(档杆)—nothing
happened.I
was
10.B
with
snow
and
ice
balls
around.
Even
though
I
had
met
no
one
on
this
lonely
road,
I
hoped
someone
might
come
to
11.C
.After
a
few
minutes,
I
12.D
an
old
pickup
truck.A
smiling
young
man
I'd
never
seen
before
rolled
down
his
window,
asking
if
I
needed
help.I
ensured
him
I
did.Then
he
showed
me
how
to
operate
the
four?wheel?drive
shifting
gear
(齿轮),
locking
it
into
13.D
.
14.B
，
I
got
the
Blazer
starting.When
I
thanked
the
stranger
and
asked
if
he
lived
around
the
area,
he
just
said,
“Oh,
over
there.”
Do
I
believe
in
angels?
You
15.D
！
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在风雪交加的一天开车回家，12英里的路线让作者在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，车辆在冰雪覆盖的路面上出现了问题，一个好心人帮助了作者，使得作者认为好心人就像天使一样。
1．A．wondered
B．realized
C．assumed
D．stated
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道怎么回家。A.wondered想知道；对……感到惊讶；B.realized意识到；实现；C.assumed假设；认为；D.stated说明；写明。根据前文“Ice
and
snow
were
beating
the
window
and
the
wind
almost
swept
everything
away
outside.(
冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了。)”可知，户外环境很恶劣，作者认为“回家”成为了一个问题，不知道该怎么办。故选A项。
2．A．smooth
B．sharp
C．simple
D．slight
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条12英里的路线让我在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，还绕了几个急转弯。A.smooth光滑的；B.sharp急剧的(转弯)；C.simple简单的；D.slight轻微的。根据前文“steep
hills”可知山坡很陡峭，因此会有急转弯(sharp
turns)。故选B项。
3．A．liberty
B．priority
C．safety
D．recovery
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我低声祈祷安全。A.liberty
自由；B.priority优先处理的事；C.safety安全；D.recovery痊愈；好转。根据前文“Ice
and
snow
were
beating
the
window
and
the
wind
almost
swept
everything
away
outside.”“
The
12?mile
route
took
me
up
and
down
steep
hills
and
around
2
turns.”可知，天气状况恶劣，路况恶劣，因此可知作者希望能够“安全”到家。故选C项。
4．A．ice?covered
B．flood?ruined
C．badly?built
D．well?equipped
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我那辆旧的绿色开拓者越野车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。A.ice?covered冰封的；B.flood?ruined洪水破坏的；C.badly?built建的很差；D.well?equipped装备充足的。根据前文“Ice
and
snow
were
beating
the
window
and
the
wind
almost
swept
everything
away
outside.”可知，冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了，在这样的天气下，道路应是结冰了。故选A项。
5．A．But
B．Or
C．So
D．And
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：但当我爬上其中一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑，于是我决定是时候改用四轮驱动了。A.But但是；B.Or或者；C.So因此；D.And和；而且。分析可知，本句“as
I
climbed
one
of
the
steepest
and
scariest
hills,
I
noticed
the
tires
were
slipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”与前文“My
old
green
Blazer
SUV
was
doing
wonderfully
over
the
4
roadway.(
我那辆绿色开拓者越野车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。)”为转折关系。故选A项。
6．A．attend
B．appeal
C．switch
D．lead
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我爬上其中一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑，于是我决定是时候改用四轮驱动了。A.attend参加；出席；B.appeal吸引；C.switch转向；D.lead引领；通往。根据前文“as
I
climbed
one
of
the
steepest
and
scariest
hills,
I
noticed
the
tires
were
slipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”可知，轮胎开始打滑，作为司机，作者应是采取措施避免打滑，开启四轮驱动。switch
to，“切换到；转到；转变成”，符合语境表达。故选C项。
7．A．lost
control
of
B．took
charge
of
C．got
along
with
D．held
on
to
解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：轮胎慢慢地贴在路面上，山顶映入眼帘。A.lost
control
of失控；B.took
charge
of负责；C.got
along
with和睦共处；D.held
on
to坚持；紧握。根据前文“as
I
climbed
one
of
the
steepest
and
scariest
hills,
I
noticed
the
tires
were
slipping,
and
I
decided
it
was
time
to
6
to
four?wheel
drive.”可知作者注意到轮胎在打滑，开启了四轮驱动，因此可知，汽车不再打滑，车轮贴在地面上了。故选D项。
8．A．into
B．beyond
C．over
D．from
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：轮胎慢慢地贴在路面上，山顶映入眼帘。A.into进入；B.beyond超出；C.over遍及；多于；D.from来自于。come
into
sight，固定结构，意为“出现在眼前，可以望见”。故选A项。
9．A．wind
B．snow
C．vehicle
D．driver
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我刚要向坡上开，车就停了下来。A.wind风；B.snow雪；C.vehicle车辆；D.driver司机。根据后文“I
pushed
and
pulled
the
lever—nothing
happened.(
我推了一下然后又拉了控制杆——什么也没发生。)”可知，作者推拉控制杆应该是因为车停了下来。故选C项。
10．A．hurt
B．stuck
C．engaged
D．panicked
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被雪和冰球困住了。A.hurt伤害；B.stuck粘住；卡住；C.engaged从事；吸引；D.panicked使恐慌。根据前文背景句“Ice
and
snow
were
beating
the
window
and
the
wind
almost
swept
everything
away
outside.”以及“I
had
just
made
it
when
the
9
stopped.”可知，雪下的很大，风也很强烈，且作者的车行不了了，应是卡住了。be
stuck
with，“无法摆脱；陷在”。故选B项。
11．A．life
B．power
C．help
D．mind
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然在这条僻静的路上我一个人也没有遇见，但我希望有人能来帮助我。A.life生命；B.power力量；能力；C.help帮助；D.mind想法；才智。结合句子“Even
though
I
had
met
no
one
on
this
lonely
road,
I
hoped
someone
might
come
to
11
.”句意可知，作者希望在这条孤单的路上能有人出现帮忙。故选C项。
12．A．boarded
B．missed
C．called
D．spied
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，我发现了一辆旧的小卡车。A.boarded登上(火车、船或飞机)；B.missed错过；想念；C.called呼叫；拜访；D.spied从事间谍活动；突然看见；认出。根据后文“an
old
pickup
truck”可知，作者应是看到了一辆小货车。故选D项。
13．A．comfort
B．scene
C．action
D．place
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他向我展示如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，并把它锁在适当的位置。A.comfort舒服；安慰；B.scene场面；景象；C.action行动；行为；D.place地方。结合句子“Then
he
showed
me
how
to
operate
the
four?wheel?drive
shifting
gear,
locking
it
into
13
”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，且，需要将其锁住在恰当的位置。故选D项。
14．A．By
no
means
B．In
no
time
C．In
some
way
D．In
the
meanwhile
解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：很快，我就启动了车子。A.By
no
means绝不；B.In
no
time立刻，很快；C.In
some
way在某些方面；在某种程度上；D.In
the
meanwhile同时；在此期间。根据前文“Then
he
showed
me
how
to
operate
the
four?wheel?drive
shifting
gear,
locking
it
into
13
”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置以及如何锁住到恰当的位置，因此作者的车又可以发动起来了，B项“in
no
time”可表达作者当时的急切且激动的心情。故选B项。
15．A．fail
B．approve
C．count
D．bet
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信天使的存在吗？(当然)你说的没错。A.fail失败；B.approve喜欢；赞赏；C.count
数数；D.bet对……下注；
下赌注。结合句子：When
I
thanked
the
stranger
and
asked
if
he
lived
around
the
area,
he
just
said,
“Oh,
over
there.”Do
I
believe
in
angels?
(当我向陌生人道谢并问他是否住在附近时，他只是说：“哦，在那边。”“我相信有天使吗？”)可知，作者认为帮助他的这个陌生人像天使一样，因此本句应是非常肯定的回答。“You
bet！”用在句子表达“当然；肯定地”含义，符合语境和作者的心境。故选D项。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)
When
you
were
trying
to
figure
out
what
to
buy
for
the
environmentalist
on
your
holiday
list,
fur
probably
didn't
cross
your
mind.
But
some
ecologists
and
fashion
(时装)enthusiasts
are
trying
to
bring
back
the
market
for
fur
made
from
nutria(海狸鼠)．
Unusual
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
have
showcased
nutria
fur
made
into
clothes
in
different
styles.
“It
sounds
crazy
to
talk
about
guilt?free
fur—unless
you
understand
that
the
nutria
are
destroying
vast
wetlands
every
year”，
says
Cree
McCree,
project
director
of
Righteous
Fur.
Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
that
they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.
Some
of
the
fur
ends
up
in
the
fashion
shows
like
the
one
in
Brooklyn
last
month.
Nutria
were
brought
there
from
Argentina
by
fur
farmers
and
let
go
into
the
wild.
“The
ecosystem
down
there
can't
handle
this
non?native
species(物种)．It's
destroying
the
environment.
It's
them
or
us.”
says
Michael
Massimi,
an
expert
in
this
field.
The
fur
trade
kept
nutria
check
for
decades，but
when
the
market
for
nutria
collapsed
in
the
late
1980s，the
cat?sized
animals
multiplied
like
crazy.
Biologist
Edmond
Mouton
runs
the
nutria
control
program
for
Louisiana.
He
says
it's
not
easy
to
convince
people
that
nutria
fur
is
green,
but
he
has
no
doubt
about
it.
Hunters
bring
in
more
than
300,000
nutria
tails
a
year,
so
part
of
Mouton's
job
these
days
is
trying
to
promote
fur.
Then
there's
Righteous
Fur
and
its
unusual
fashion.
Morgan
says，“To
give
people
a
guilt?free
option
that
they
can
wear
without
someone
throwing
paint
on
them—I
think
that's
going
to
be
a
massive
thing,
at
least
here
in
New
York.”
Designer
Jennifer
Anderson
admits
it
took
her
a
while
to
come
around
to
the
opinion
that
using
nutria
fur
for
her
creations
is
morally
acceptable.
She
is
trying
to
come
up
with
a
lable
to
attach
to
nutria
fashions
to
show
it
is
eco?friendly.
文章大意：本文是说明文。介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀。展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣。海狸鼠们每年都在破坏大片的湿地，因此设计师称这是一种环保的举措，科学家们也对海狸鼠损坏生态平衡表示了担忧。
1．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn？
A
A．To
promote
guilt?free
fur.
B．To
expand
the
fashion
market.
C．To
introduce
a
new
brand.
D．To
celebrate
a
winter
holiday.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Unusual
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
have
showcased
nutria
fur
made
into
clothes
in
different
styles.
“It
sounds
crazy
to
talk
about
guilt?free
fur—unless
you
understand
that
the
nutria
are
destroying
vast
wetlands
every
year，”says
Cree
McCree,
project
director
of
Righteous
Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree
McCree说：“除非了解海狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态造成了巨大的破坏，这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀销售的是无罪恶感皮衣。故选A。
2．Why
are
scientists
concerned
about
nutria？
A
A．Nutria
damage
the
ecosystem
seriously.
B．Nutria
are
an
endangered
species.
C．Nutria
hurt
local
cat?sized
animals.
D．Nutria
are
illegally
hunted.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
that
they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.得知，科学家们如此担心以至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴付给猎人们5美元，可以推断出科学家们担忧海狸鼠们严重破坏生态平衡。故选A。
3．What
does
the
underlined
word
“collapsed”
in
paragraph
5
probably
mean？
D
A．Boomed.
B．Became
mature.
C．Remained
stable.
D．Crashed.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段The
fur
trade
kept
nutria
in
check
for
decades,
but
when
the
market
for
nutria
collapsed
in
the
late
1980s，the
cat?sized
animals
multiplied
like
crazy.
得知，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但是当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物数量疯长，根据but判断，这是转折关系，以前由于皮毛交易，海狸鼠处于控制，现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增，是由于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的，可以推断出划线词collapsed
是和D.crashed倒闭的意思最相近。故选D。
4．What
can
we
infer
about
wearing
fur
in
New
York
according
to
Morgan？
B
A.
It's
formal.
B.
It's
risky.
C.
It's
harmful.
D.
It's
traditional.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Model
Paige
Morgan
says,
“To
give
people
a
guilt—free
option
that
they
can
wear
without
someone
throwing
paint
on
them?I
think
that's
going
to
be
a
massive
thing,
at
least
in
New
York.
”
得知，为了给人们一种无罪的选择，人们可以穿皮衣而不被人们泼油漆，我认为在纽约将是一件巨大的事情，根据模特摩根所说得知，在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。故选B。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How
to
prevent
being
infected
with
the
virus?
There
are
a
number
of
standard
hygiene
(卫生)
practices
1.that
/which
have
been
recommended
to
protect
against
infection
and
2.further
(far)
spread.These
include
covering
your
mouth
and
nose
when
coughing
or
sneezing
with
a
medical
mask,
tissue
or
flexed
elbow;
avoiding
contacting
with
those
who
are
unwell
3.closely
(close);
the
appropriate
use
of
masks
and
personal
protective
4.equipment
(equip),
especially
in
a
healthcare
setting;
washing
hands
regularly
with
water
and
soap,
5.or
alcohol?based
hand
sanitizer
(洗手液)．Actions
that
can
be
taken
to
prevent
infection
from
6.an
animal
source
include:
avoiding
unnecessary
unprotected
contact
with
animals;
washing
hands
after
contact
with
animals
or
animal
products;
and
ensuring
that
animal
products
are
cooked
thoroughly
before
they
7.are
consumed
(consume)．
8.It
is
important
to
stay
home
if
you're
feeling
unwell.But
if
you
have
a
fever,
cough,
and
difficulty
9.breathing
(breathe),
seek
medical
care
early
and
share
your
previous
travel
history
10.with
your
healthcare
provider.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。如何防止感染病毒？文章介绍了一些帮助预防病毒传播的方法。
解析：
1．考查定语从句。分析句子可知，
1
have
been
recommended
to
protect
against
infection
and
2
(far)
spread.是限定性定语从句，现行词是practices，从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which或者that，故填that
/which。
2．考查形容词比较级。句意：有一些标准的卫生做法，被推荐防止感染和进一步传播。根据句意，此处表示“进一步传播”，far的一个比较级further，表示抽象含义，“进一步”，故填further。
3．考查副词。修饰动词短语contacting
with用副词作状语，故填closely。
4．考查名词。形容词protective修饰名词，and连接masks和equipment，equipment“装备”，是不可数名词，故填equipment。
5．考查连词。句意：用水和肥皂或者含有酒精的洗手液洗手。表示选择用连词or，故填or。
6．考查冠词。句意：防止来自动物来源感染的行动包括：避免不必要的无保护接触动物……source“来源”是可数名词，此处是单数，根据句意，此处表示泛指，且animal以元音音素开头，故填an。
7．考查动词时态语态。句意：……确保动物产品在食用之前彻底煮熟。They指代products，与谓语consume是被动关系；文章讲述现在的事实，用一般现在时，故填are
consumed。
8．考查it的用法。分析句子可知，空格处是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to
stay
home，置句首单词首字母大写，故填It。
9．考查非谓语动词。have
...difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.“做某事有困难”是固定短语，故填breathing。
10．考查介词。句意：尽早寻求医疗保健，并与你的医疗保健提供者分享以前的旅行历史。share
sth.with
sb.“与某人共享某事”是固定短语，故填with。Unit
5　学业质量标准检测
时间：120分钟，满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；
每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．When
will
the
man
arrive？
C
A．At
8：15.
B．At
8：30.
C．At
8：45.
2．How
does
the
woman
feel
about
the
man's
answer？
B
A．Important.
B．Unsatisfied.
C．Excited.
3．Where
does
the
conversation
probably
take
place？
A
A．In
a
shop.
B．In
a
restaurant.
C．In
a
hospital.
4．How
much
more
did
the
woman
pay
for
her
wedding
dress
than
her
sister？
A
A．$
400.
B．$
300.
C．$100.
5．What
does
the
man
mean？
B
A．He
seldom
eats
in
the
dining
room.
B．He
may
come
from
the
south.
C．The
food
there
is
delicious.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What
illness
did
the
teacher
have？
C
A．A
fever.
B．A
cold.
C．The
flu.
7．What
will
the
man
have
to
do？
A
A．Finish
homework.
B．Try
his
good
luck.
C．Make
an
excuse.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What
relation
is
Mr.Butler
to
the
woman？
A
A．Her
customer.
B．Her
boss.
C．Her
workmate.
9．What
does
the
man
suggest
the
woman
do？
C
A．Do
her
best
to
help
others.
B．Deal
with
complaints
properly.
C．Put
Mr.Butler's
calls
through
to
him.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What's
the
man's
unpleasant
situation？
A
A．Whether
going
to
New
Zealand
or
not.
B．Not
having
got
the
scholarship.
C．Breaking
up
with
his
girlfriend.
11．What
prevented
the
woman
accepting
the
job
in
Thailand？
C
A．She
didn't
like
the
job.
B．She
didn't
like
Thailand.
C．Her
husband
didn't
like
the
idea.
12．What
did
the
woman
advise
the
man
to
do？
B
A．Give
up
the
idea.
B．Go
to
the
university.
C．Go
somewhere
else.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What
are
the
speakers
going
to
do
tonight？
A
A．See
a
movie.
B．Have
a
meeting.
C．Attend
a
party.
14．What
kind
of
food
does
the
woman
prefer？
B
A．Chinese
food.
B．Mexican
food.
C．American
food.
15．How
are
the
speakers
going
there？
C
A．By
bus.
B．By
bike.
C．By
subway.
16．Who
is
Tina？
A
A．The
speakers'
friend.
B．The
man's
colleague.
C．The
woman's
teacher.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How
did
the
first
man
feel
when
he
was
invited
to
the
party？
C
A．Excited.
B．Confident.
C．Worried.
18．What
did
his
friend
advise
him
to
do？
B
A．Talk
freely.
B．Follow
his
example.
C．Make
a
fool
of
himself.
19．What
made
the
first
man
lose
control
of
himself
by
the
end
of
the
party？
A
A．Drinking
too
much.
B．Being
too
pleased.
C．Disliking
the
uncomfortable
silence.
20．What
did
the
second
man
say
about
Shakespeare？
B
A．A
sort
of
drink.
B．A
kind
of
cheese.
C．A
great
writer.
听力原文
Text
1
W：Isn't
our
appointment
at
8：30?
M：Yes，it
is.But
I'm
afraid
I
will
have
to
be
15
minutes
late.
Text
2
W：I
have
a
question.You
say
that
many
people
have
several
learning
styles.Is
that
good?
M：I
think
it's
unavoidable.We
don't
just
learn
in
one
way.In
fact，we
learn
in
many
ways.
W：Yes，but
that's
not
really
what
I
was
asking.
Text
3
M：Are
you
the
manager?
W：Yes，sir.What
can
I
do
for
you?
M：I
bought
this
shirt
yesterday，and
there's
something
wrong
with
it.It
hasn't
got
any
buttons.
Text
4
W：Prices
are
really
going
up.I
had
to
pay
800
dollars
for
my
wedding
dress
yesterday，but
my
sister
paid
only
400
dollars
for
hers
when
she
got
married
last
year.
M：I
know
what
you
mean.My
suit
cost
me
500
dollars.
Text
5
W：Do
you
have
all
your
meals
in
the
dining
room?
M：No，just
lunch.
W：How's
the
food?
M：Not
so
bad.But
I
don't
think
the
northern?style
cooking
agrees
with
me.
Text
6
W：Hello，Jimmy.Have
you
got
your
work
done
for
today?
M：No，but
maybe
the
teacher
won't
ask
for
it.
W：No
such
luck.The
last
time
he
forgot
to
collect
our
homework
was
the
day
he
got
the
flu.He
is
better
now
and
won't
forget
again.
M：In
that
case，I
have
to
stay
until
night
to
finish
it.
W：I
think
so.
Text
7
M：Ah，Jenny，could
I
just
have
a
quick
word
with
you?
W：Er，yes.No
problem
I
hope.
M：Well，actually
there
is.I've
just
had
a
complaint
from
a
customer.He
said
you
were
rude
to
him
on
the
phone.
W：What？Me？Who
said
that?
M：Well，I'm
sure
you
won't
be
surprised
to
hear
it
was
Mr.Butler.
W：Oh，him.He's
always
really
horrible.
M：Yes，I
know
how
hard
it
is
to
deal
with
him.
W：And
now
he's
complaining
about
me！I've
always
done
my
best
to
help
him.
M：I
know.Look，next
time
he
rings，just
put
him
straight
through
to
me.
Text
8
M：Guess
what，Tina！The
University
of
Auckland
in
New
Zealand
has
offered
me
a
scholarship.
W：Great!
When
are
you
going?
M：That's
just
it.I
may
not
go.What
would
you
do
if
your
boyfriend
asked
you
not
to
go?
W：Well，I
would
invite
him
to
come
with
me.
M：I've
tried
that.She
said
she
wouldn't
go.And
she
might
break
up
with
me.
W：That's
ridiculous!
If
I
were
you，I
would
warn
her
not
to
try
and
control
me.I
missed
a
big
opportunity
once.
M：What
happened?
W：I
was
offered
a
job
in
Thailand，but
my
husband
disliked
the
idea
so
we
didn't
go.I
should
have
taken
the
job.I've
always
regretted
my
decision.In
my
situation，what
would
you
have
done?
M：Oh，I
would
have
accepted
the
offer.
W：Well，there's
the
answer
to
your
problem.Accept
your
scholarship.
Text
9
M：So，Jane，where
are
we
meeting
these
friends
of
yours
tonight?
W：Oh，didn't
I
tell
you？We're
going
to
see
a
movie.
M：Yeah？What
movie?
W：I'm
not
sure.I
know
it's
one
of
those
action
movies.
M：Oh，no.Can't
we
see
a
romantic
movie？Action
movies
are
too
violent
and
stupid.
W：I
know，but
my
friends
really
want
to
see
this
one.
M：OK，then
what
about
dinner？Should
we
take
them
out
for
some
Chinese
food?
W：I
prefer
Mexican.I'm
not
too
good
with
chopsticks.
M：All
right.I
wouldn't
want
you
to
spill
food
in
front
of
your
old
friends.
W：They're
not
just
my
old
friends.You
know
one
of
them，Tina.
M：Yeah，we
live
in
the
same
town
and
we
went
to
the
same
school.
W：She's
beautiful
and
funny.I
like
her
very
much.
M：Yes，she
is
a
nice
girl.Are
we
taking
the
bus?
W：No，the
subway
is
faster.Did
I
tell
you
we
had
to
be
there
in
30
minutes?
Text
10
Two
businessmen
were
invited
to
dinner
at
the
home
of
a
college
professor.One
of
the
men
had
not
had
much
education
and
was
worried
that
he
might
make
a
fool
of
himself，but
his
friend
said，“Don't
worry.Just
do
what
I
do，and
don't
talk
about
anything
you
don't
really
understand.”
The
first
man
managed
to
get
through
the
dinner
successfully，but
by
the
end
of
the
evening
he
had
had
a
lot
to
drink，and
he
began
to
get
careless.
A
guest
asked
him
whether
he
liked
Shakespeare，and
he
answered
confidently，“It's
very
pleasant，but
I
prefer
Coca?Cola.”
There
was
an
uncomfortable
silence
in
the
room，and
soon
people
began
to
leave.
When
the
two
friends
were
out
of
the
house，the
second
man
said
to
his
friend，“You
certainly
made
a
fool
of
yourself
by
making
that
silly
remark
about
Coca?Cola.”
“What
do
you
mean？”
asked
the
other
man.“What
was
wrong
with
it？”
“Everyone
knows
that
Shakespeare
isn't
a
drink，”his
friend
replied.“It's
a
kind
of
cheese.”
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
The
UK's
music
festivals
are
world
famous
but
there
are
plenty
more
to
celebrate
in
the
country.
Burns
Night,
Scotland
On
25
January.Scots
celebrate
the
life
and
works
of
Scotland's
national
poet
Robert
Burns
by
holding
a
special
Burns
Supper.This
can
be
a
casual
gathering
of
friends
or
a
huge
formal
dinner.Guests
take
it
in
turn
to
recite
Burns'
poems
or
sing
one
of
his
songs.
Hay
Festival,
Hay?on?Wye,
Wales
For
10
days
each
May,
the
small
town
of
Hay?on?Wye
on
the
edge
of
the
Brecon
Beacons
National
Park
in
Wales
is
filled
with
writers,
filmmakers,
musicians,
comedians,
politicians,
and
people
who
come
to
hear
them
talk
and
exchange
ideas.The
festival
celebrates
great
writing
of
all
genres
(体裁)
and
it
all
takes
place
in
a
tented
village
in
the
town.
Camp
Festival,
Dorset
As
a
branch
of
a
festival
held
in
Dorset,
it's
one
of
the
best
family
festivals
in
the
UK.Held
every
year
in
the
grounds
of
the
historic
Lulworth
Castle
in
Dorset,
the
festival
includes
top
live
music
acts
but,
as
the
organizers
say,
“kids
are
king”
at
Camp
Festival,
with
a
wide
variety
of
entertainment,
workshops
and
fun
for
kids.The
2020
Camp
Festival
takes
place
from
25
to
28
July.
Guy
Fawkes
Day
or
“Bonfire
Night”
All
over
the
UK
on
5
November,
the
British
light
bonfires
and
set
off
fireworks
in
their
back
gardens
or,
more
commonly
these
days,
at
organized
events
in
public
parks.They
celebrate
the
Catholic
Guy
Fawkes'
failed
attempt
to
blow
up
the
Houses
of
Parliament
on
5
November,
1605.
文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4个英国节日：Burns
Night,
Scotland(燃烧的夜晚，苏格兰);
Hay
Festival,
Hay?on?Wye,
Wales(海伊文化艺术节);
Camp
Festival,
Dorset(英国露营节，多塞特郡);
Guy
Fawkes
Day
or
“Bonfire
Night”(盖伊·福克斯之夜，又称篝火之夜)。
21．Which
festivals
are
related
to
literature？
A
A．Burns
Night
and
Hay
Festival.
B．Hay
Festival
and
Camp
Festival.
C．Burns
Night
and
Guy
Fawkes
Day.
D．Camp
Festival
and
Guy
Fawkes
Day.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Burns
Night,
Scotland部分内容“Scots
celebrate
the
life
and
works
of
Scotland's
national
poet
Robert
Burns
by
holding
a
special
Burns
Supper.(
苏格兰人举行“彭斯晚餐”，纪念苏格兰民族诗人罗伯特·彭斯的生平和作品。)”以及文章Hay
Festival,
Hay?on?Wye,
Wales部分内容“The
festival
celebrates
great
writing
of
all
genres
and
it
all
takes
place
in
a
tented
village
in
the
town.(
这个节日是为了庆祝各种流派的伟大作品，所有这一切都发生在镇上的一个帐篷村庄里。)”可知，“Burns
Night,
Scotland”和“Hay
Festival,
Hay?on?Wye,
Wales”这两个节日与文学作品有关。故选A项。
22．When
does
the
festival
most
appealing
to
children
take
place？
C
A．In
January.　　　　
B．In
May.
C．In
July.
D．In
November.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章“Camp
Festival,
Dorset”部分内容as
the
organizers
say,
“kids
are
king”
at
Camp
Festival,
with
a
wide
variety
of
entertainment,
workshops
and
fun
for
kids.The
2020
Camp
Festival
takes
place
from
25
to
28
July.(正如组织者所说，是一个“儿童为王”的营地节日，有各种各样的娱乐活动，研讨会和孩子们的乐趣。2020露营节于7月25日至28日举行。)可知，“Camp
Festival,
Dorset”是最吸引孩子的节日，将于7月25日至28日举行。故选C项。
23．What
does
Guy
Fawkes
Day
celebrate？
A
A．A
historical
event.
B．A
successful
explosion.
C．An
organized
strike.
D．An
impressive
building.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Guy
Fawkes
Day
or
“Bonfire
Night”部分内容“They
celebrate
the
Catholic
Guy
Fawkes'
failed
attempt
to
blow
up
the
Houses
of
Parliament
on
5
November,
1605.”可知他们庆祝的是一件历史事件：天主教徒盖伊·福克斯在1605年11月5日炸毁国会大厦失败。故选A项。
B
(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
Jenifer
Mauer
has
needed
more
willpower
than
the
typical
college
student
to
pursue
her
goal
of
earning
a
nursing
degree.
That
willpower
bore
fruit
when
Jennifer
graduated
from
University
of
Wisconsin?Eau
Claire
and
became
the
first
in
her
large
family
to
earn
a
bachelor's
degree.
Mauer,
of
Edgar,
Wisconsin,
grew
up
on
a
farm
in
a
family
of
10
children.
Her
dad
worked
at
a
job
away
from
the
farm,
and
her
mother
ran
the
farm
with
the
kids.
After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition(学费),
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
After
graduation,
she
worked
to
help
her
sisters
and
brothers
pay
for
their
schooling.
Jennifer
now
is
married
and
has
three
children
of
her
own.
She
decided
to
go
back
to
college
to
advance
her
career
and
to
be
able
to
better
support
her
family
while
doing
something
she
loves:
nursing.
She
chose
the
UW?Eau
Claire
program
at
Ministry
Saint
Joseph's
Hospital
in
Marshfield
because
she
was
able
to
pursue
her
four?year
degree
close
to
home.
She
could
drive
to
class
and
be
home
in
the
evening
to
help
with
her
kids.
Jenifer
received
great
support
from
her
family
as
she
worked
to
earn
her
degree:
Her
husband
worked
two
jobs
to
cover
the
bills,
and
her
68?year?old
mother
helped
take
care
of
the
children
at
times.
Through
it
all,
she
remained
in
good
academic
standing
and
graduated
with
honors.
Jennifer
sacrificed(牺牲)to
achieve
her
goal,
giving
up
many
nights
with
her
kids
and
missing
important
events
to
study.
“Some
nights
my
heart
was
breaking
to
have
to
pick
between
my
kids
and
studying
for
exams
or
papers，”
she
says.
However,
her
children
have
learned
an
important
lesson
witnessing
their
mother
earn
her
degree.
Jennifer
is
a
first?generation
graduate
and
an
inspiration
to
her
family—and
that's
pretty
powerful.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
24．What
did
Jennifer
do
after
high
school？
C
A．She
helped
her
dad
with
his
work.
B．She
ran
the
family
farm
on
her
own.
C．She
supported
herself
through
college.
D．She
taught
her
sisters
and
brothers
at
home.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition,
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)”可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教育，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.
She
supported
herself
through
college.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
25．Why
did
Jennifer
choose
the
program
at
Ministry
Saint
Joseph's
Hospital
in
Marshfield？
A
A．To
take
care
of
her
kids
easily.
B．To
learn
from
the
best
nurses.
C．To
save
money
for
her
parents.
D．To
find
a
well?paid
job
there.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“She
chose
the
UW?Eau
Claire
program
at
Misnistry
Saint
Joseph's
Hospital
in
Marshfield
because
she
was
able
to
pursue
her
four?year
degree
close
to
home.
She
could
drive
to
class
and
be
home
in
the
evening
to
help
with
her
kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW?Eau
Claire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)”可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW?Eau
Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.
To
take
care
of
her
kids
easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
26．What
did
Jennifer
sacrifice
to
achieve
her
goal？
B
A．Her
health.
B．Her
time
with
family.
C．Her
reputation.
D．Her
chance
of
promotion.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Jennifer
sacrificed
to
achieve
her
goal,
giving
up
many
nights
with
her
kids
and
missing
important
events
to
study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)”可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.
Her
time
with
family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
27．What
can
we
learn
from
Jenifer's
story？
C
A．Time
is
money.
B．Love
breaks
down
barriers.
C．Hard
work
pays
off.
D．Education
is
the
key
to
success.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Through
it
all,
she
remind
in
good
academic
standing
and
graduated
with
honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)”和“However,
her
children
have
learned
an
important
lesson
witnessing
their
mother
earn
her
degree.
Jennifer
is
a
first?generation
graduate
and
an
inspiration
to
her
family—and
that's
the
pretty
powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励——这是非常强大的。)”可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到：努力总会有回报。C.
Hard
work
pays
off.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
C
As
humanity
has
got
richer,
animal's
roles
have
changed.People
need
their
services
less
than
before.Fewer
wolves
and
thieves
meant
less
demand
for
dogs
for
protection;
the
internal
combustion
engine(内燃机)made
horses
unneeded;
modern
sanitation(卫生设备)kept
rats
in
check
and
made
cats
less
useful.No
longer
necessities,
domestic
animals
became
luxuries.Pet?keeping
seems
to
kick
in
when
household
incomes
rise
above
roughly
$5,000.It
is
booming.
The
trend
is
not
a
new
one.Archaeologists(考古学家)have
found
10,000?year?old
graves
in
which
dogs
and
people
are
buried
together.Some
cultures—such
as
in
Scandinavia,
where
dogs
have
long
been
both
working
dogs
and
companions—have
kept
pets
for
thousands
of
years.But
these
days
the
pet?keeping
urge
has
spread
even
to
parts
of
the
world
which
have
no
tradition
of
sinking
into
a
comfortable
chair
with
a
furry
creature.
The
pet
business
is
growing
even
faster
than
pet
numbers,
because
people
are
spending
more
and
more
money
on
them.No
longer
are
they
food?waste?recyclers,
fed
with
the
remains
that
fall
from
their
masters'
tables.Pet?food
shelves
are
full
of
delicacies
crafted
to
satisfy
a
range
of
appetites,
including
ice
cream
for
dogs
and
foods
for
pets
that
are
old,
diabetic
or
suffer
from
sensitive
digestion;
a
number
of
internet
services
offer
food,
tailored
to
the
pet's
individual
tastes.
In
the
business
this
is
called
“pet
humanisation”—the
tendency
of
pet
owners
to
treat
their
pets
as
part
of
the
family.This
is
evident
in
the
names
given
to
dogs,
which
have
evolved
from
Fido,
Rex
and
Spot
to—in
America—Bella,
Lucy
and
Max.It
is
evident
in
the
growing
market
for
pet
clothing,
pet
grooming
and
pet
hotels.
People
still
assume
that
pets
must
be
working
for
humanity
in
some
way,
perhaps
making
people
healthier
or
less
anxious.But
the
evidence
for
that
is
weak.Rather,
new
research
suggests
that
dogs
have
evolved
those
irresistible
“puppy?dog
eyes”
precisely
to
affect
human
emotions.It
has
worked.The
species
that
once
enslaved
others
now
works
very
hard
to
pay
for
the
care
of
its
pets.Sentimental(多愁善感的)Americans
often
refer
to
themselves
not
as
cat?owners
but
as
the
cat's
“mommy”
or
“daddy”．South
Koreans
go
one
further,
describing
themselves
as
cat
“butlers”．Watch
an
unlucky
dog?walker
trailing
“his”
hound(猎犬),
plastic
bag
in
hand
to
pick
up
its
mess,
and
you
have
to
wonder:
who's
in
charge
now?
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，主要抨击了如今人们养宠物的现象，一些人甚至已经沦为了宠物的奴隶。
28．Which
of
the
following
trends
is
NOT
TRUE
according
to
the
passage？
C
A．People's
needs
for
animal
services
are
decreasing.
B．Both
the
pet
number
and
the
pet
business
are
growing.
C．Pets
are
increasingly
making
their
owners
less
anxious.
D．Pet
foods
are
more
various
and
customized
than
before.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“People
still
assume
that
pets
must
be
working
for
humanity
in
some
way,
perhaps
making
people
healthier
or
less
anxious.But
the
evidence
for
that
is
weak.Rather,
new
research
suggests
that
dogs
have
evolved
those
irresistible
‘puppy—dog
eyes’
precisely
to
affect
human
emotions.”可知，人们仍然认为宠物必须以某种方式为人类工作，使人们更健康或更少焦虑，但这方面的证据并不充分，相反，新的研究表明狗狗进化出了那些不可抗拒的眼神，正是为了影响人类的情绪，因此“宠物越来越让主人不那么焦虑”这一说法是错误的，故C项正确。
29．Which
of
the
following
is
referred
to
as
evidence
of
“pet
humanization？”
A
A．The
names
given
to
pets
in
American
families
nowadays.
B．Pet's
inbuilt
ability
to
affect
emotions
of
their
owners.
C．Human
beings
ever
rising
urge
for
pet?keeping.
D．Pet's
roles
as
both
working
staff
and
companions.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In
the
business
this
is
called
“pet
humanisation”—the
tendency
of
pet
owners
to
treat
their
pets
as
part
of
the
family.This
is
evident
in
the
names
given
to
dogs,
which
have
evolved
from
Fido,
Rex
and
Spot
to—in
America—Bella,
Lucy
and
Max.”可知，在这个行业中，这被称为“宠物人性化”——宠物主人将宠物视为家庭的一部分的趋势，这一点在给狗起的名字中很明显，狗的名字从菲多、雷克斯和斯波特演变成——在美国的贝拉、露西和麦克斯，因此，现在美国家庭给宠物起的名字可以作为宠物人性化的证据，故A项正确。
30．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
the
author
most
likely
to
agree
with？
D
A．Pets
should
be
treated
as
equals
of
their
human
masters.
B．Human
beings
are
getting
much
benefit
from
their
pets.
C．Pet?keeping
is
still
restricted
within
certain
parts
of
the
world.
D．Some
pet
owners
spend
too
much
money
on
their
pets.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The
pet
business
is
growing
even
faster
than
pet
numbers,
because
people
are
spending
more
and
more
money
on
them.”可知，宠物生意的增长速度甚至超过了宠物数量，因为人们在宠物身上花费的钱越来越多，由此可知，作者认为一些宠物主人在他们的宠物身上花了太多的钱，故D项正确。
31．Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage？
C
A．The
Changing
Roles
of
Animals
B．The
Urge
for
Pet?keeping
C．Who
Owns
Whom
D．Love
Me,
Love
My
Dog
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章最后一句话“and
you
have
to
wonder:
who's
in
charge
now？”可知，本文主要抨击了如今人们养宠物的现象，一些人甚至已经沦为宠物的奴隶，故C项(谁是老大？)最适合做文章标题。
D
Most
people
know
something
about
the
greenhouse
effect.Factories
send
gasses
such
as
carbon
dioxide，or
CO2，into
the
atmosphere，the
air
around
the
earth.In
the
past，this
wasn't
a
problem
because
trees
absorbed
the
CO2.But
now
people
in
many
countries
are
cutting
down
billions
of
trees
all
around
the
world.At
the
same
time，factories
are
sending
more
CO2
into
the
atmosphere.It's
difficult
to
believe，but
factories
put
billions
of
tons
of
CO2
into
the
atmosphere
every
year.One
ton
is
over
2,000
pounds，so
it
is
a
lot
of
pollution.There
is
too
much
CO2
and
there
aren't
enough
trees，so
the
world
is
getting
warmer.In
other
words，we
have
a
greenhouse
effect.This
is
terrible
for
the
environment.
What
can
we
do
about
this?
First,
we
can
stop
using
so
much
coal
and
oil.We
can
learn
to
use
different
kinds
of
energy:
the
sun，wind，steam
from
volcanoes，and
heat
from
inside
the
earth.Second，instead
of
cutting
down
trees，we
should
plant
more
trees.One
tree
can
absorb
ten
pounds
of
carbon
dioxide
every
year.
The
trees
are
good
for
the
earth's
atmosphere
and
for
Guatemala
(拉丁美洲国家危地马拉)．In
small
towns
and
villages
in
Guatemala，most
women
are
poor
and
have
hard
lives.Trees
help
them
in
three
ways.First，the
Connecticut
factories
pay
them
to
plant
the
trees.Their
pay
is
corn，not
money.The
corn
is
good
for
their
children.Second，these
women
know
a
lot
about
their
environment.They
know
where
to
plant，when
to
plant，and
what
kinds
of
trees
to
plant.For
example，they
plant
many
fruit
trees.The
fruit
gives
them
vitamins
for
their
families，diets.Other
trees
are
good
for
firewood.In
a
few
years，the
women
won't
spend
so
much
time
looking
for
firewood.Third，all
these
trees
are
good
for
the
soil.Now
rain
can't
wash
the
soil
down
from
the
mountains
so
easily.
This
plan
isn't
enough
to
stop
the
greenhouse
effect.However，it's
a
start.The
women
of
Guatemala
are
helping
themselves
and
helping
their
environment.
文章大意：这是一篇议论文。本文讲述的是引起温室效应的原因，以及针对温室效应应该采取的措施。包括停止使用这么多的煤和石油，种更多的树，因为一棵树每年能吸收十磅的二氧化碳。
32．Which
of
the
following
statement
is
NOT
true？
B
A．Factories
send
more
CO2
into
the
atmosphere.
B．Trees
can't
absorb
the
same
CO2
as
they
did
in
the
past.
C．Billions
of
trees
are
being
cut
down
throughout
the
world.
D．The
greenhouse
effect
is
extremely
bad
for
the
environment.
解析：细节理解题。由文中第一段的“There
is
too
much
CO2
and
there
aren't
enough
trees”可知，是因为树木越来越少，二氧化碳越来越多，所以才无法像以前一样能吸收掉，而不是因为树木的吸收力不如以前了，B选项表述错误。故B选项正确。
33．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
second
paragraph？
D
A．The
reasons
why
we
should
plant
more
trees.
B．Ways
we
can
adopt
to
take
heat
from
volcanoes.
C．Measures
to
be
taken
to
forbid
the
use
of
coal
and
oil.
D．Things
we
can
do
to
stop
or
reduce
the
greenhouse
effect.
解析：主旨大意题。第二段主要讲了针对温室效应的办法，包括停止煤和汽油的使用以及多种树木。故D选项正确。
34．How
does
planting
trees
help
improve
women's
lives
in
Guatemala？
D
A．By
preventing
the
greenhouse
effect.
B．By
developing
their
skills
of
planting
trees.
C．By
enabling
them
to
earn
more
money
to
support
their
family.
D．By
making
them
get
corn
and
fruit
to
feed
their
family
in
return.
解析：推理判断题。由文中倒数第二段的they
plant
many
fruit
trees.The
fruit
gives
them
vitamins
for
their
families，diets可知，这些女性种植果树可以满足他们家庭的食物，这样有利于提高他们的生活水平。故D选项正确。
35．What's
the
author's
attitude
towards
the
plan
of
planting
trees
in
Guatemala？
C
A．Critical.　　　　　　
B．Neutral.
C．Positive.
D．Doubtful.
解析：推理判断题。根据文中倒数第二段的第一句“The
trees
are
good
for
the
earth's
atmosphere
and
for
Guatemala(拉丁美洲国家危地马拉)”以及最后一段可知，作者对于在危地马拉种植树木的态度是积极、乐观的。故C选项正确。
第二节(共5小题；
每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In
many
societies
the
color
white
has
been
associated
with
purity
and
virtue,
and
that
is
one
reason
why
some
brides
choose
to
wear
white,
especially
in
the
West.Usually,
you
will
hear
that
brides
wear
white
because
“it's
a
tradition”．But,
historically,
white
was
not
the
only
color
considered
for
wedding
dresses.
36.F
For
many
centuries
in
Western
societies,
wedding
dresses
had
different
colors.
37.G
Brides
tended
to
buy
a
wedding
dress
that
could
be
worn
again,
or
they
simply
wore
the
best
dress
they
already
owned.And
white
is
not
practical:
it
is
difficult
to
keep
clean
and
is
therefore
not
ideal
for
many
situations
or
for
repeated
wear.
Many
brides
chose
to
wear
dresses
of
other
colors
for
their
wedding
and
beyond.
38.A
They
do
so
largely
thanks
to
a
trend
that
started
with
Queen
Victoria's
1840
wedding
to
Prince
Albert.
39.C
Although
not
in
as
many
different
media
as
we
have
now,
they
still
had
a
tendency
to
be
trendsetting.So
Victoria
chose
to
wear
a
white
gown
(女礼服)—reportedly
to
show
off
the
fine
detailed
Honiton
lace
produced
by
the
British
lace
industry,
which
was
depressed
at
the
time.Her
fashion
choice
was
widely
reported
in
newspapers
and
magazines.
40.E
Eventually,
the
trend
of
a
white
wedding
gown
spread
across
all
economic
levels
and
it
was
strengthened
as
“tradition”
in
the
20th
century.
A．So
why
do
so
many
of
today's
brides
wear
white?
B．But
why
are
brides
so
particular
about
their
dresses?
C．Royal
weddings
in
those
years
received
a
lot
of
reporting.
D．It
reflected
the
growth
of
the
wedding
industry
at
that
time.
E．It
soon
influenced
domestic
and
international
wedding
trends.
F．In
fact,
other
colors
were
chosen
far
more
frequently
than
white.
G．This
was
for
reasons
of
being
practical
as
much
as
anything
else.
文章大意：这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了新娘选择白色婚纱的原因。
解析：
36．根据前文“
But,
historically,
white
was
not
the
only
color
considered
for
wedding
dresses.”可知从历史上看，白色并不是婚纱的唯一颜色，因此设空句应对此进行进一步的解释或总结，应提及核心词“color”，同时呼应前文的“not
the
only
color”。选项F.In
fact,
other
colors
were
chosen
far
more
frequently
than
white.(
事实上，人们选择其他颜色的频率远远高于选择白色。)呼应了前文的白色不是唯一的选择，而且提及了其他颜色，符合语境分析。故选F项。
37．根据前文“For
many
centuries
in
Western
societies,
wedding
dresses
had
different
colors.”可知几个世纪以来，在西方社会，婚纱有不同的颜色，因此设空句应对此进行解释“为什么会有各种颜色的婚纱”。选项G.This
was
for
reasons
of
being
practical
as
much
as
anything
else.(
这既是出于实际考虑，也是出于其他考虑。)解释了原因，即实用性以及其他方面的因素。故选G项。
38．根据后文“They
do
so
largely
thanks
to
a
trend
that
started
with
Queen
Victoria's
1840
wedding
to
Prince
Albert(这在很大程度上要归功于1840年维多利亚女王与阿尔伯特亲王的婚礼)”解释了为什么“他们”会选择白色婚纱，因此设空句应是问句，问及关于选择白色婚纱的问题。选项A.So
why
do
so
many
of
today's
brides
wear
white？(
那么为什么现在这么多的新娘都穿白色呢？)为问句，且问及白色婚纱的选择，符合语境。故选
A项。
39．设空句为本段主旨句，根据后文“Although
not
in
as
many
different
media
as
we
have
now,
they
still
had
a
tendency
to
be
trendsetting.So
Victoria
chose
to
wear
a
white
gown—reportedly
to
show
off
the
fine
detailed
Honiton
lace
produced
by
the
British
lace
industry,
which
was
depressed
at
the
time.Her
fashion
choice
was
widely
reported
in
newspapers
and
magazines.(
尽管没有我们现在拥有的那么多不同的媒体，他们仍然有引领潮流的趋势。因此，维多利亚选择了一件白色礼服——据报道，这是为了炫耀由英国蕾丝工业生产的精细的霍尼顿花边，当时英国的蕾丝工业正处于萧条时期。她的时尚选择被报纸和杂志广泛报道。)”可知，通过媒体，维多利亚女王的婚纱受到了关注，因此本段主要讲述了皇室婚礼与媒体的关系。选项C.Royal
weddings
in
those
years
received
a
lot
of
reporting.(
那些年的皇室婚礼收到了很多报道。)贴合主旨要义，符合语境。故选C项。
40．根据前文“Her
fashion
choice
was
widely
reported
in
newspapers
and
magazines.”可知她的时尚选择被报纸和杂志广泛报道。因此设空句应是进一步解释广泛报道的结果，比如提及大家深受影响，纷纷效仿。选项E.It
soon
influenced
domestic
and
international
wedding
trends.(
它很快就影响了国内外的婚礼潮流。)解释了广泛报道后的影响，符合语境分析。故选E项。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Meals
on
Wheels
delivery
service
is
for
those
facing
life?threatening
illnesses
like
Borden
did
back
in
2012.She
had
just
finished
a
Master's
program
in
41.D
when
she
was
diagnosed
(诊断)with
cancer
called
Invasive
Ductal
Carcinoma.Soon,
her
mother
was
diagnosed
with
cancer.Borden
moved
to
Grand
Rapids,
Michigan
to
take
care
of
herself
while
42.A
her
mother.
“It's
a
43.B
time
in
your
life
when
you
have
great
need
for
nutrition
but
you
can't
provide
healthy
44.C
for
yourself，”
Borden
said.“Having
a
Master's
in
Nutrition,
I
knew
how
45.D
nourishment
was
during
my
cancer
treatment
and
recovery.”
She
started
Revive
and
Thrive
while
going
through
treatment,
46.C
out
to
local
hospitals
and
kitchens
to
get
the
organization
off
the
ground.Soon
she
was
47.B
meals
for
patients
referred
to
her
by
social
workers,
nurses
and
doctors
in
the
area.
She
48.D
each
patient
to
get
a
sense
of
what
their
nutrition
needs
are
and
how
long
they'll
need
help.Then,
she
gets
to
49.B
.
“Serving
meals
to
patients
is
equally
important
as
teaching
them
to
cook
healthy
foods,
to
50.A
job
skills,
life
skills
and
the
joy
of
being
able
to
51.B
others
in
their
community,
”Borden
says.
She
works
with
a
head
chef
who
52.C
the
nutrient?rich
meals
and
makes
sure
each
meal
contains
the
essential
vitamins
and
proteins
that
a
person
fighting
a
life?threatening
illness
53.A
.
“When
you're
54.A
and
dealing
with
cancer
by
yourself,
it
can
cause
you
more
depression.Knowing
somebody
cares
about
what
you
eat
is
55.D
，
”
she
said.
文章大意：这是一篇叙述文。文章讲述了Borden在自己被诊断为癌症后，成立了一个组织为癌症病人提供健康的饮食，她认为有人关心自己的饮食会让病人受到鼓舞，更好地抗击疾病。
41．A．medicine
B．education
C．economics
D．nutrition
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她刚完成一个营养学的硕士项目，就被诊断得了名为Invasive
Ductal
Carcinoma的癌症。A.medicine药物；B.education教育；C.economics经济；D.nutrition营养。根据下文的“Having
a
Master's
in
Nutrition”可知Borden是学营养学的，故选D项。
42．A．nursing
B．teaching
C．guiding
D．training
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Borden搬到了密西根州的Grand
Rapids去照顾自己和她的妈妈。A.nursing照顾；B.teaching教；C.guiding指导；D.training训练。根据上文的“Soon,
her
mother
was
diagnosed
with
cancer.”可知她的妈妈也生病了，故此处用“照顾”语境，nurse和take
care
of是同义词复现，故选A项。
43．A．dangerous
B．hard
C．common
D．valuable
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Borden说：“这是你生命中一段艰难的日子，在这期间你需要大量的营养，但是你不能给自己提供健康的饮食。”
A．dangerous危险的；B.hard艰难的；C.common常见的；D.valuable珍贵的。根据上文的“Soon,
her
mother
was
diagnosed
with
cancer.”可知此处用“艰难日子”符合语境，故选B项。
44．A．lifestyles
B．spirit
C．meals
D．sleep
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lifestyles生活方式；B.spirit精神；C.meals餐，饮食；D.sleep睡眠。根据下文的“Soon
she
was
47
meals
for
patients
referred
to
her
by
social
workers,
nurses
and
doctors
in
the
area.”可知此处用“饮食”符合语境，meal是原词复现，故选C项。
45．A．rare
B．adequate
C．comfortable
D．important
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“作为一个营养学硕士，在我的癌症治疗和恢复期间我知道了营养物质是多么重要。”
A．rare
稀少的；B.adequate充足的；C.comfortable舒服的；D.important重要的。结合常识可知，营养物质对于病人来说很重要，故选D项。
46．A．going
B．calling
C．reaching
D．speaking
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在治疗期间启动了Revive
and
Thrive，求助于当地的医院和餐厅，让组织发展起来。A.going去；B.calling叫；C.reaching到达；D.speaking说。结合句意可知，此处考查短语reach
out“求助于”，故选C项。
47．A．enjoying
B．preparing
C．checking
D．comparing
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，她就为那些通过社工、护士和医生向她求助的病人准备饮食。A.enjoying享受；B.preparing准备；C.checking检查；D.comparing比较。结合上下文可知，Borden成立的Revive
and
Thrive就是为病人准备健康饮食的组织，故选B项。
48．A．tells
B．cures
C．exams
D．meets
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她亲自和每位病人见面，了解她们需要的营养物质，以及需要多长时间的帮助。A.tells告诉；B.cures治愈；C.exams检查；D.meets见面。结合句意可知，此处是指Borden去和每个病人见面了解他们所需营养的情况，故选D项。
49．A．rest
B．work
C．school
D．bed
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她开始工作。A.rest休息；
B．work工作；C.schoo1学校；D.bed床。结合上下文可知，此处是指Borden了解了病人的需求后，开始营养餐的准备工作，故选B项。
50．A．learn
B．show
C．require
D．test
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Borden说：“给病人提供营养餐和教他们做营养餐、学会工作和生活技能、享受为社区其他人服务同等重要。”
A．learn学习；B.show展示；C.require要求；D.test测试。结合句意可知，此处是指帮助病人学会生活和工作技能，故选A项。
51．A．judge
B．serve
C．gather
D．relax
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.judge判断；B.serve服务；C.gather
收集；D.relax放松。根据上文“Serving
meals
to
patients
is
equally
important
as
teaching
them
to
cook
healthy
foods”可知此处用“服务”符合语境，serve是原词复现，故选B项。
52．A．eats
B．expects
C．creates
D．proves
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个主厨合作，主厨负责开发富含营养的饮食，并确保每一餐都包含了一个人抗击疾病所需要的基本的维他命和蛋白质。A.eats吃；B.expects期待；C.creates开发，创造；D.proves证明。结合句意可知，主厨的任务是开发和制作营养餐，故选C项。
53．A．needs
B．makes
C．shares
D．provides
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.needs需要；B.makes制作；C.shares分享；D.provides提供。结合句意可知，此处是指抗击疾病所需的营养物质，故选A项。
54．A．alone
B．wise
C．old
D．free
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“当你一个人独自抗击癌症时，你会更加沮丧。知道有人关心你的饮食是鼓舞人心的。”A.alone一个人，独自；B.wise明智的；C.old冷的；D.free免费的。根据by
yourself可知此处用“一个人”符合语境，故选A项。
55．A．interesting
B．amusing
C．amazing
D．inspiring
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.interesting有趣的；B.amusing令人开心的；C.amazing令人吃惊的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。结合上下文可知，此处是指病人知道有人关心自己的饮食会让他们受到鼓舞、精神振作，故选D项。
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
Many
people
have
the
hobby
of
collecting
things,
e．g.
stamps,
postcards
or
antiques.
In
the
18th
and
19th
centuries,
56.wealthy
(wealth)
people
travelled
and
collected
plants,
historical
objects
and
works
of
art.
They
kept
their
collection
at
home
until
it
got
too
big
57.or
until
they
died,
and
then
it
was
given
to
a
museum.
The
80,000
objects
collected
by
Sir
Hans
Sloane,
for
example,
58.formed
(form)
the
core
collection
of
the
British
Museum
59.which/that
opened
in
1759.
The
parts
of
a
museum
open
to
the
public
60.are
called
(call)
galleries
or
rooms.
Often,
only
a
small
part
of
a
museum's
collection
61.is
(be)
on
display.
Most
of
it
is
stored
away
or
used
for
research.
Many
museums
are
lively
places
and
they
attract
a
lot
of
visitors.
As
well
as
looking
at
exhibits,
visitors
can
play
with
computer
simulations
(模拟)
and
imagine
62.themselves
(they)
living
at
a
different
time
in
history
or
63.walking
(walk)through
a
rainforest.
At
the
Jorvik
Centre
in
York,
the
city's
Viking
settlement
is
recreated,
and
people
experience
the
sights,
sounds
and
smells
of
the
old
town.
Historical
64.accuracy
(accurate)
is
important
but
so
is
entertainment.
Museums
must
compete
65.for
people's
spare
time
and
money
with
other
amusements.
Most
museums
also
welcome
school
groups
and
arrange
special
activities
for
children.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。
解析：
56．考查形容词。句意：在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
57．考查连词。句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or：或者。故填or。
58．考查动词时态。句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in
1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
59．考查定语从句。句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the
British
Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
60．考查动词时态及语态。句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are
called。
61．考查主谓一致。句意：通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a
small
part
of
a
museum's
collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most
of
it
is
stored
away
or
used
for
research.中的is也是提示。故填is。
62．考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine
sb.
doing
sth.“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
64．考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
65．考查介词。句意：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语：compete
for，意为：“为了……竞争”。故填for。
第四部分：写作(满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分10分)
假定你是李华，是红星高中的学生会主席。为让更多的人了解中国优秀传统文化，你校将举办中国传统文化展(the
Traditional
Chinese
Culture
Exhibition)，请给你的外教Mr.Green写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1．时间、地点以及参加人员；
2．文化展的宗旨；
3．展出内容：相关书籍、照片、绘画、剪纸等。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Mr.Green，
Yours，
Li
Hua
参考范文：
Dear
Mr.Green，
I'm
Li
Hua，chairman
of
Hongxing
High
School.I'm
writing
to
invite
you
to
take
part
in
the
Traditional
Chinese
Culture
Exhibition
to
be
held
at
the
Academic
Hall
this
Friday
afternoon，from
3pm
to
5pm.
To
enable
more
people
to
learn
about
the
traditional
Chinese
culture，all
the
teachers，students
and
their
parents
as
well
as
anyone
interested
in
it
are
welcome
to
participate
in.At
the
exhibition，typical
and
representative
books，photos，paintings，paper
cutting
and
other
related
stuff
will
be
presented，through
which
visitors
will
not
only
understand
traditional
Chinese
culture
better
but
also
enjoy
the
unique
beauty
of
it.
If
you're
interested，please
come
and
appreciate
it.I'll
be
more
than
glad
to
offer
any
help.
Please
reply
to
me
at
your
earliest
convenience.
Yours，
Li
Hua
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，
使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Tawny
Nelson
is
a
single
mother
of
four
sweet
little
girls
aged
nine,
five,
two,
and
one
year
old.
It's
not
easy
to
take
care
of
the
girls
all
on
her
own.
Recently,
she
shared
a
story
with
Frank
Somerville,
a
news
anchor
for
KTVU
News
in
California.
He
was
so
moved
by
her
story
that
he
shared
it
on
his
Facebookpage.
Tawny's
story
opened
with
her
visiting
the
grocery
store.
It
was
a
rainy
and
miserable
day
and
by
the
time
she
got
all
the
girls
loaded
in
the
truck
and
ready
to
head
home,
it
was
dark
and
pouring
down.
When
she
tried
to
start
her
truck,
it
wouldn't
start.
With
no
one
to
call,
Tawny
turned
to
ask
strangers
for
help
to
charge
her
truck.
Hours
passed
and
so
did
at
least
twenty
people.
They
all
ignored
her.
Tired
and
hungry,
her
daughters
began
to
act
out.
Tawny
was
filled
with
tears
when
someone
knocked
on
her
passenger
window.
Somerville
writes,
“I
swear
I
got
chills
when
I
read
what
happened
next.”
And
you
will
do
the
same
when
you
read
Tawny's
story：
I
am
the
single
mother
of
four
absolutely
beautiful
little
girls.
They
are
nine,
five,
two,
and
one
year
old.
And
things
have
been
particularly
rough
since
my
ex
left.
Our
truck
had
a
flat
tire
and
I
had
to
inflate
it
constantly.
The
driver
side
window
motor
died.
And
I
needed
a
new
belt.
The
truck
was
a
mess.
And
we
didn't
drive
anywhere
unless
we
had
to.
Well,
the
other
day
we
desperately
needed
to
go
to
the
store.
So
we
loaded
up
and
drove
to
the
Winn
Dixie
about
9
blocks
away.
When
we
got
out
of
the
store
it
was
far
after
dark.
And
it
was
raining
heavily.
I
loaded
my
kids
and
groceries
into
the
truck.
Paragraph
1
My
battery
was
dead.
Paragraph
2：
I
was
crying
when
a
gentleman
stopped
and
offered
to
help
me.
参考范文：
Paragraph
1:
My
battery
was
dead.
My
phone
broke
down.
I
had
no
family
to
chat
with
and
I
had
to
do
everything
on
my
own.
I
turned
to
more
than
twenty
people
for
help
but
they
all
turned
me
down.
My
five?year?old
girl
was
very
hungry
and
began
to
cry.
My
two?year?old
daughter
wanted
to
go
home
and
my
oldest
girl
tried
to
help.
I
felt
that
I
was
the
worst
mother
ever.
Paragraph
2：
I
was
crying
when
a
gentleman
stopped
and
offered
to
help
me.
He
handed
me
a
plate
of
chicken
and
biscuits
and
bottles
of
water.
He
said,
“Feed
your
girls.
I
have
a
truck
on
the
way
and
my
wife
will
be
here
to
take
you
home.”
What
he
said
was
right.
His
wife
arrived
followed
by
their
truck.
We
and
the
truck
were
taken
home.
The
next
morning
the
gentleman
returned
to
my
house
with
a
man
who
replaced
my
battery
and
fixed
my
window.
Seeing
the
scene
I
burst
into
tears.