Unit
3 Section
Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He
is
a
great
leader,
who
never
__abuses__(滥用)
his
power
which
is
given
by
the
people.
2．People
under
__stress__
(压力)
tend
to
realize
their
full
potential.
3．You'd
better
put
out
your
__cigarette__
(香烟)．It
is
extremely
dangerous
to
smoke
in
a
petrol
station.
4．The
drug
is
not
harmful
itself,
but
is
dangerous,
according
to
the
new
finding,
if
taken
with
__alcohol__(酒)．
5．The
doctor
warned
that
he
would
not
recover
if
he
wouldn't
__quit__(停止)
drinking.
6．(2019·北京朝阳区期中)I
wish
I
hadn't
told
them
about
the
project.Now
it's
been
canceled
and
they're
all
__disappointed__
(失望的)．
7．We
need
not
feel
__ashamed__
(惭愧)
of
our
failure.We
may
face
it
realistically
and
accept
it
optimistically.
8．I
didn't
like
the
film
at
first,
but
when
I
started
watching,
I
immediately
became
__addicted__
(上瘾)
to
it.
9．(2019·陕西咸阳期末)As
a
matter
of
fact,
we
may
feel
that
we
can
hardly
put
up
with
the
extremely
hot
summer
and
we
can't
get
__accustomed__(习惯于)
to
the
warm
winter.
10．While
muscles
become
exhausted
by
exercise
in
the
short
term，they
are
__strengthened__(增强)
by
regular
exercise
in
the
long
term.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be
addicted
to，
be
accustomed
to，
decide
on，
feel
like，
have
an
effect
on，
be
ashamed
of，
lay
stress
on，
ban
sb.from，
be
desperate
for，
due
to
1．He
__was/is
desperate
for__
work
to
provide
food
for
his
children.
2．The
event
__has/had
an
effect
on__
me.
3．He
__was
banned
from__
driving
because
of
drinking.
4．The
English
teacher
__laid
stress
on__
the
importance
of
reading
aloud.
5．Our
flight
was
put
off__due
to__the
heavy
rain，leaving
us
at
the
airport
for
about
five
hours.
6．I
__feel
like__
going
to
the
theatre
tonight.
7．After
leaving
university,
they
__decided
on__
career
in
publishing.
8．The
parents
felt
helpless
when
they
found
their
son
__had
been
addicted
to__
love
stories
for
long.
9．—They
are
quiet,
aren't
they?
—Yes.They
__are
accustomed
to__
not
talking
at
meals.
10．You
ought
to
__be
ashamed
of__
yourselves.You've
created
this
problem.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．__Every
time__(每次)I
am
in
trouble，he
will
come
to
help
me
out.
2．Smokers
sometimes
unconsciously
(无意识地)__reach
for__(伸手拿)
cigarettes.
3．It's
up
to
you
to__decide
on__(确定)
a
site
to
camp.
4．I
do
hope
you
can
live__as
long
and
healthy
a
life
as
me__(像我一样健康长寿的生活)．
5．__Once
addicted
to
smoking__(一旦吸烟上瘾)，you
will
have
to
make
a
great
effort
to
give
it
up.
PAGE
1Unit
3 Section
Ⅰ
Ⅰ.完形填空
People
often
fall
ill
because
of
me.__1.C__，they
can
hardly
blame
me；it
is
largely
their
own__2.D__.A
tired
person
may
get__3.C__，especially
when
he
goes
to
crowded
places
with
polluted
air.
My
latest
victim
is
an
energetic
student.After
school，he
played
football
hard
for
two
hours.Though
tired，he
still
went
to
the
cinema.Then
he
got
back
home
and
took
a
cold
shower
immediately.
I
seized
this
golden
chance
to__4.C__him.He
reacted，trying
to__5.B__me，but
I
was
already__6.A__deep
in
his
throat.He
kept
sneezing
(打喷嚏)
and
his
nose
was
running.__7.D__he
put
on
some
warm
clothes，it
didn't
work，for
there
were
too
many
of
us.Besides，his
sore
throat
kept__8.B__him，and
he
developed
a
cough
to
force
me
and
my
family
out，but__9.D__.
The
next
day
he
couldn't
go
to
school
.He
had
lost
his
appetite
and
was
not
as__10.C__as
before.His
mother
made
him
orange
juice
every
few
hours
for
more
vitamin
C，which
would
help
his__11.A__.
For
two
days
he
was__12.B__by
his
mother.As
he
rested
more，his
defense
strengthened
and
I
began
to
feel
the__13.C__.I
knew
I
had
to
leave
him
before
long.But
I
am
not
the
one
who
gives
up
easily，and
I
made
every
effort
to
fight
back.__14.D__，it
was
my
turn
to
feel__15.A__now，for
his
defense
system
was
starting
an
all—out
attack
against
me.I
became
weaker
and
finally
my
time
was
over.
Do
you
know
what
I
am?
文章大意：本文以感冒病毒的口气，介绍它是怎么侵入人体到离开的过程。
1．A．Therefore
B．Besides
C．However
D．Then
解析：人们经常因为我生病，然而，他们却不能责怪我。表示转折所以用however。
2．A．business
B．responsibility
C．excuse
D．fault
解析：这是由于他们自己的过失造成的。fault过失符合句意。responsibility(责任)；excuse
(借口)；business(事务)均不符合句意。
3．A．punished
B．blamed
C．caught
D．killed
解析：get
caught
意为“感染”，指生病，符合句意。get
killed
“被杀死”语义过重。
4．A．injure
B．bother
C．attack
D．destroy
解析：我抓住这个黄金机会去攻击他，指的是让他生病。attack符合句意。
5．A．get
on
with
B．get
rid
of
C．put
up
with
D．take
hold
of
解析：那个学生做出反抗，试图除掉我(病毒)，B符合语义。put
up
with
容忍；take
hold
of
抓住。
6．A．reproducing
B．waiting
C．hiding
D．disappearing
解析：但是我已经深深地在他的喉咙里繁殖再生。reproduce繁殖，再生。
7．A．Since
B．Once
C．Whether
D．Although
解析：生病后，尽管他穿上厚厚的衣服，但是已经晚了。Although引导让步状语从句。
8．A．reminding
B．upsetting
C．comforting
D．influencing
解析：他的疼痛的喉咙使他难受，并且他开始咳嗽来试图把我和我的家人赶走，但是没能成功，拟人化的手法。
9．A．escaped
B．succeeded
C．regretted
D．failed
解析：见上题分析。
10．A．peaceful
B．afraid
C．active
D．happy
解析：active活跃的，与上文的energetic相对应，生病后人通常会变得不活跃。
11．A．recovery
B．development
C．study
D．affected
解析：补充维生素C帮助人抵抗疾病，恢复健康。recovery恢复健康，符合题意。
12．A．protected
B．nursed
C．scolded
D．affected
解析：nurse用作动词，意为“照料”，符合题意。
13．A．loss
B．operation
C．pressure
D．movement
解析：患病的人的抵抗力增强，病毒开始感受到压力。pressure压力。
14．A．Uncertainly
B．Unsuccessfully
C．Unusually
D．Unfortunately
解析：虽然抵抗了，但是不幸的是，轮到我感到痛苦了。
15．A．painful
B．disappointed
C．nervous
D．ashamed
解析：见上题的解析。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Proper
diet
and
regular
exercise
seem
to
be
the
only
methods
for
losing
weight.However,
the
importance
of
enough
water
should
be
added
to
the
process.While
medical
science
has
proven
the
positive
effects
of
water,
most
people
still
do
not
drink
enough
each
day.
The
reason
why
water
is
so
important
for
weight
loss
has
something
to
do
with
metabolism
(新陈代谢)
of
fat.The
liver
(肝脏)
is
in
charge
of
this
process
when
it
comes
to
turning
stored
fat
into
energy.However,
the
liver
is
also
responsible
for
helping
the
kidneys
(肾脏)
that
need
enough
water
in
order
to
function
properly.The
liver
has
to
perform
all
the
functions
of
the
kidneys
on
its
own
when
the
kidneys
are
short
of
water.This
means
the
liver
doesn't
have
enough
energy
to
metabolize
fat.So,
drinking
water
allows
the
kidneys
to
focus
on
their
job
and
the
liver
to
focus
on
its
job.
Also,
studies
have
shown
that
water
can
make
us
feel
full
when
drunk
before
meals.Without
even
making
an
effort,
most
people
who
drink
a
glass
of
water
before
a
meal
will
eat
33%
less.This
is
in
part
due
to
the
fact
that
they
simply
get
full
quicker
because
the
water
is
taking
up
space.The
other
reason
is
that
the
food
will
expand
as
soon
as
it
hits
the
water?filled
stomach.
Water
is
important
to
every
aspect
of
the
health
of
the
human
body.By
drinking
more
water
and
improving
the
health
of
the
body，the
goal
of
losing
weight
can
be
achieved
with
greater
ease.
文章大意：健康的饮食和经常锻炼对于减肥非常重要，但是足够的饮水也不容忽视。
1．Which
of
the
following
is
not
mentioned
in
the
passage
as
a
way
to
lose
weight？__D__
A．Regular
exercise.
B．Drinking
water.
C．Balanced
diet.
D．Medical
care.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，减肥的方法包括经常锻炼、合适的饮食以及饮用足够的水，并未提到医学方法。故选D。
2．The
liver
has
to
take
over
the
job
of
the
kidneys
when
__A__.
A．the
kidneys
are
lacking
in
water
B．there
is
something
wrong
with
the
kidneys
C．the
liver
doesn't
supply
energy
for
the
kidneys
D．there
is
no
fat
for
the
liver
to
metabolize
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The
liver
has
to
perform
all
the
functions
of
the
kidneys
on
its
own
when
the
kidneys
are
short
of
water.”可以得知，在肾脏缺水的情况下，肝脏要承担肾脏的功能。故A项正确。
3．Why
can
we
lose
weight
by
drinking
water
before
meals？__B__
A．Because
we
don't
feel
thirsty
any
longer.
B．Because
we
eat
much
less
than
normal.
C．Because
the
water
takes
up
little
space.
D．Because
the
food
becomes
smaller.
解析：推理判断题。概括第三段内容可知，饭前喝一杯水可以让一个人的饭量减少33%，由此达到减肥的效果。故B项正确。
4．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
this
passage？__C__
A．The
liver
is
important
to
the
kidneys
B．How
the
digestive
system
works
C．Water
is
important
for
a
healthy
life
and
losing
weight
D．Several
tips
for
losing
weight
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，可概括得知本文讲的是水对健康的生活和减肥都非常重要。故C项正确。
B
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
Race
walking
shares
many
fitness
benefits
with
running,
research
shows,
while
most
likely
contributing
to
fewer
injuries.
It
does,
however,
have
its
own
problem.
Race
walkers
are
conditioned
athletes.
The
longest
track
and
field
event
at
the
Summer
Olympics
is
the
50?kilometer
race
walk,
which
is
about
five
miles
longer
than
the
marathon.
But
the
sport's
rules
require
that
a
race
walker's
knees
stay
straight
through
most
of
the
leg
swing
and
one
foot
remain
in
contact
(接触)
with
the
ground
at
all
times.
It's
this
strange
form
that
makes
race
walking
such
an
attractive
activity,
however,
says
Jaclyn
Norberg,
an
assistant
professor
of
exercise
science
at
Salem
State
University
in
Salem,
Mass.
Like
running,
race
walking
is
physically
demanding,
she
says.
According
to
most
calculations,
race
walkers
moving
at
a
pace
of
six
miles
per
hour
would
burn
about
800
calories(卡路里)
per
hour,
which
is
approximately
twice
as
many
as
they
would
burn
walking,
although
fewer
than
running,
which
would
probably
burn
about
1,000
or
more
calories
per
hour.
However,
race
walking
does
not
pound
the
body
as
much
as
running
does,
Dr.
Norberg
says.
According
to
her
research,
runners
hit
the
ground
with
as
much
as
four
times
their
body
weight
per
step,
while
race
walkers,
who
do
not
leave
the
ground,
create
only
about
1.4
times
their
body
weight
with
each
step.
As
a
result,
she
says,
some
of
the
injuries
associated
with
running,
such
as
runner's
knee,
are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.
But
the
sport's
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
on
the
ankles
and
hips,
so
people
with
a
history
of
such
injuries
might
want
to
be
cautious
in
adopting
the
sport.
In
fact,
anyone
wishing
to
try
race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
experienced
racer
to
learn
proper
technique,
she
says.
It
takes
some
practice.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。
5．Why
are
race
walkers
conditioned
athletes？__C__
A．They
must
run
long
distances.
B．They
are
qualified
for
the
marathon.
C．They
have
to
follow
special
rules.
D．They
are
good
at
swinging
their
legs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“But
the
sport's
rules
require
that
a
race
walker's
knees
stay
straight
through
most
of
the
leg
swing
and
one
foot
remain
in
contact
with
the
ground
at
all
times.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。
6．What
advantage
does
race
walking
have
over
running？__D__
A．It's
more
popular
at
the
Olympics.
B．It's
less
challenging
physically.
C．It's
more
effective
in
body
building.
D．It's
less
likely
to
cause
knee
injuries.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“As
a
result,
she
says,
some
of
the
injuries
associated
with
running,
such
as
runner's
knee,
are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。
7．What
is
Dr.
Norberg's
suggestion
for
someone
trying
race
walking？__A__
A．Getting
experts'
opinions.
B．Having
a
medical
checkup.
C．Hiring
an
experienced
coach.
D．Doing
regular
exercises.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr.
Norberg说的话“In
fact,
anyone
wishing
to
try
race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
experienced
racer
to
learn
proper
technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr.
Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。
8.
Which
word
best
describes
the
author's
attitude
to
race
walking？__B__
A．Skeptical.
B．Objective.
C．Tolerant.
D．Conservative.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Race
walking
shares
many
fitness
benefits
with
running,
research
shows,
while
most
likely
contributing
to
fewer
injuries.
It
does,
however,
have
its
own
problem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Keep
Your
Eyes
Open
for
Weight
Loss
Ads
“In
only
six
days
I
lost
seven
pounds
of
weight.”
“Two
full
inches
in
the
first
three
days！”
These
are
the
kinds
of
statements__1.used__(use)
in
magazine,
newspaper,
radio
and
television
ads，__2.promising__(promise)
new
shapes
and
new
looks
to
those
who
buy
the
medicine
or
the
device.The
promoters
of
products
say
they__3.can__shape
the
legs,
slim
the
face
and
smooth
wrinkles.Often
such
products
are
nothing
more
than
money?making
things
for
their
promoters.The
results
they
produce
are
questionable,
and
some
are
dangerous
to
health.
To
understand
how
these
products
can
be
legally
promoted
to
the
public，__4.it__is
necessary
to
understand
something
of
the
laws
covering
their
regulation.If
the
product
is
a
drug,
FDA(Food
and
Drug
Administration)
can
require
proof
that
it
is
safe
and
effective
before
it
__5.is
put__(put)
on
the
market.But
if
the
product
is
a
device,
FDA
has
no
authority__6.to
require__(require)
premarketing
proof
of
safety
or
effectiveness.__7.If__a
product
already
on
the
market
is
a
danger
to
health,
FDA
can
request
the
producer
or
distributor
to
remove
it
from
the
market
voluntarily,
or
it
can
take
legal
action,
including
seizure
(查封)
of
the
product.
One
notable
case
a
few
years
ago__8.involved__(involve)
an
electrical
device
called
the
Relaxacisor，__9.which__had
been
sold
for
reducing
the
waistline.The
Relaxacisor
produced
electrical
shocks
to
the
body
through
contact
pads.FDA
took
legal
action
against
the
distributor
to
stop
the
sale
of
the
device
on
the
grounds__10.that__it
was
dangerous
to
health
and
life.
文章大意：本文为说明文。介绍了一些所谓的塑身、健美、美容的商品广告，商家和促销商仅仅是为了挣钱，而实际的结果令人怀疑，有些还有害于健康。事实证明，许多投放在市场上的医疗设备并不受法律的约束，在购买前消费者要自己判断它们的安全和效果。
解析：
1．考查过去分词。句意：这些都是在杂志、报纸、广播和电视广告中使用的语句。此处与statements是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动。故填used。
2．考查现在分词。句意：向那些购买药物或设备的人承诺新身材和新面貌。此处与statements是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，表主动。故填promising。
3．考查情态动词。句意：该产品的推广人员表示，它们可以塑形腿部，使脸部纤细，抚平皱纹。can“能够”。故填can。
4．考查代词。句意：了解这些产品是如何合法地向公众推广的，有必要了解一些相关法律。此处是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，应使用代词it。故填it。
5．考查语态。句意：如果该产品是一种药物，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)可以要求证明它是安全有效的，然后才能投放市场。根据句意可知，it和动词put是被动关系，作谓语应使用被动语态。故填is
put。
6．考查不定式。句意：但如果该产品是一种设备，FDA无权要求上市前提供安全性或有效性的证明。authority后常跟不定式做定语，have
no
authority
to
do
sth.“无权做某事”。故填to
require。
7．考查条件状语从句。句意：如果已经上市的产品对健康构成威胁，FDA可以要求生产商或分销商自愿将其撤出市场，也可以采取法律行动，包括没收该产品。if“如果”。故填If。
8．考查时态。句意：几年前，一个著名的案例涉及一种名为Relaxacisor的电子设备。根据时间状语a
few
years
ago可知，此处应使用一般过去时。故填involved。
9．考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是the
Relaxacisor，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10．考查固定结构。句意：FDA对该经销商采取了法律行动，停止销售该设备，理由是它对健康和生命有危险。固定结构：on
the
grounds
that“由于(根据)”。故填that。
PAGE
1Unit
3 Section
Ⅱ
Ⅰ.单句改错
1．As
is
known
that
America
is
one
of
the
developed
countries.__As→It__
2．I
would
appreciate
that
if
you
could
give
me
a
hand.__that→it__
3．It
is
impolite
for
you
to
talk
loudly
in
public
places.__for→of__
4．It
is
very
important
of
you
to
come
to
the
party.__of→for__
5．I
am
counting
on
that
you
will
come.__在on后加it__
6．What
is
said
that
our
headmaster
will
go
to
New
York
next
week.__What→It__
7．That
is
reported
that
AC
Milan's
owner
has
been
under
negotiation
with
Chinese
investors.__That→It__
8．We
find
its
impossible
to
count
whales
in
the
sea.__its→it__
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．__It
is
reported
that__(据报道)a
big
earthquake
hit
the
area
yesterday.
2．__How
long
did
it
take
you__(花费了你多长时间)to
get
here
by
air?
3．Susan__made
it
clear
to
me__(清楚地向我表明)that
she
wished
to
make
a
new
life
for
herself.
4．I
don't
think
it
appropriate__to
put
too
much
stress
on__(给……施加太多的压力)your
children.
5．__It
is
five
years__(已经5年了)since
I
decided
on
learning
English.
6．__It's
illegal__(……是违法的)to
buy
cigarettes
in
Britain
if
you
are
under
16.
7．He
will__put
himself
at
risk__(使自己处于危险的境地)if
he__takes
the
risk
of__(冒险)attempting
to
achieve
his
aim.
8．__The
first
time__(第一次)I
saw
Brenda，she
asked
me
to
hold
her
glasses.
9．It
is__only
when__(只有当……的时候)I
see
the
watch
at
close
quarters__that
I
realize__(我才意识到)how
unusual
it
is.
10．If
you
develop
AIDS，__your
chances
of
survival__(你存活的可能性)are
very
small.
PAGE
1Unit
3 Section
Ⅱ
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Running
seems
easy
enough:
Just
grab
a
pair
of
sneakers
and
put
one
foot
in
front
of
the
other,
right?
Well,
anyone
who
struggled
to
get
through
a
mile
knows
it's
not
quite
that
simple.We've
asked
experienced
runners
to
tell
us
something
wrong
they
did
when
they
started
running.The
following
are
some
of
their
answers.
I
got
excited
and
signed
up
for
a
half?marathon
with
a
few
more
experienced
runner
friends,
but
I
wasn't
adequately
prepared
and
didn't
train
efficiently.I
ended
up
with
blisters
(水泡)
on
my
feet.I
couldn't
wear
shoes
for
two
days!
—Cali
Lavey
I
have
always
been
athletic
and
I
have
never
been
badly
injured,
but
one
day
I
felt
a
slight
pain
in
my
knee.I
ignored
it
for
a
month
until
I
realized
I
was
having
a
hard
time
putting
weight
on
my
right
leg.I
finally
went
to
a
doctor.It
took
four
months
of
weekly
physical
therapy
(治疗)
to
heal.I
shouldn't
have
done
that.
—Arnold
My
biggest
mistake
was
treating
running
like
soccer
practice:
If
I
wasn't
exhausted
by
the
end
of
practice,
I
felt
as
though
I
didn't
work
hard
enough.I
run
all
of
my
runs
at
80
percent
effort,
or
the
equivalent
of
what
I
now
call
tempo
runs
(节奏跑)．I
wasn't
warming
up
to
the
pace
or
cooling
down
effectively.
—Kate
I
decided
to
go
out
for
a
run
during
the
hottest
part
of
the
day.At
the
time,
I
told
myself
that
it
would
be
refreshing
to
sweat
a
little,
but
I
didn't
bring
adequate
water.I
returned
feeling
completely
rundown,
dehydrated
(脱水的),
and
exhausted.If
you
must
go
out
on
a
run
during
unfavorable
weather,
wear
proper
suits
and
bring
enough
water
to
keep
you
feeling
strong.
—Sarah
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。很多人认为跑步是一件非常容易的事情，实际情况并非如此，跑步不当会造成伤害。文章列举了四个例子来证明跑步并不像人们认为的那么简单。
1．Why
did
Cali
suffer
from
her
half?marathon？__B__
A．She
ran
all
the
way
barefoot.
B．She
didn't
get
ready
for
it.
C．She
ran
with
experienced
runners.
D．She
did
not
have
self?confidence.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“...I
wasn't
adequately
prepared
and
didn't
train
efficiently.I
ended
up
with
blisters(水泡)
on
my
feet.I
couldn't
wear
shoes
for
two
days！”可知，Cali并没有为半程马拉松做好准备，最后脚上都是水泡。故B项正确。
2．What
did
Arnold
regret
doing？__D__
A．Thinking
he
would
never
get
injured.
B．Putting
heavy
weight
on
his
right
leg.
C．Spending
about
four
month
s
treating
his
knee.
D．Waiting
for
so
long
to
get
his
knee
examined.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段前三句“I
have
always
been
athletic
and
I
have
never
been
badly
injured,
but
one
day
I
felt
a
slight
pain
in
my
knee.I
ignored
it
for
a
month
until
I
realized
I
was
having
a
hard
time
putting
weight
on
my
right
leg.”可知，Arnold很后悔没有早点去检查受伤的膝盖，最后经过四周的治疗才恢复。故D项正确。
3．Who
didn't
get
enough
water
when
running？__D__
A．Cali.
B．Arnold.
C．Kate.
D．Sarah.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“At
the
time,
I
told
myself
that
it
would
be
refreshing
to
sweat
a
little,
but
I
didn't
bring
adequate
water.”可知，Sarah在跑步的时候没有带足够的水分，导致最终缺水。故D项正确。
4．The
examples
of
the
four
runners
mainly
show
that__C__.
A．we
should
warm
up
before
running
B．we
should
bring
enough
water
when
running
C．we
shouldn't
think
running
is
very
easy
D．we
shouldn't
ignore
any
pain
when
running
解析：推理判断题。根据文章前两句“Running
seems
easy
enough:
Just
grab
a
pair
of
sneakers
and
put
one
foot
in
front
of
the
other,
right?
Well,
anyone
who
struggled
to
get
through
a
mile
knows
it's
not
quite
that
simple.”可知，很多人认为跑步是一件非常容易的事情，实际情况并非如此。文章列举了四个例子来证明跑步并不像人们认为的那么简单。故C项正确。
B
(2020·新高考山东卷)
According
to
a
recent
study
in
the
Journal
of
Consumer
Research,
both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake.
And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),
it's
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid.
To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits,
the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments.
In
the
first,
95
undergraduate
women
were
individually
invited
into
a
lab
to
ostensibly(表面上)participate
in
a
study
about
movie
viewership.
Before
the
film
began,
each
woman
was
asked
to
help
herself
to
a
snack.
An
actor
hired
by
the
researchers
grabbed
her
food
first.
In
her
natural
state,
the
actor
weighed
105
pounds.
But
in
half
the
cases
she
wore
a
specially
designed
fat
suit
which
increased
her
weight
to
180
pounds.
Both
the
fat
and
thin
versions
of
the
actor
took
a
large
amount
of
food.
The
participants
followed
suit,
taking
more
food
than
they
normally
would
have.
However,
they
took
significantly
more
when
the
actor
was
thin.
For
the
second
test,
in
one
case
the
thin
actor
took
two
pieces
of
candy
from
the
snack
bowls.
In
the
other
case,
she
took
30
pieces.
The
results
were
similar
to
the
first
test:
the
participants
followed
suit
but
took
significantly
more
candy
when
the
thin
actor
took
30
pieces.
The
tests
show
that
the
social
environment
is
extremely
influential
when
we're
making
decisions.
If
this
fellow
participant
is
going
to
eat
more,
so
will
I.
Call
it
the
“I'll
have
what
she's
having”
effect.
However,
we'll
adjust
the
influence.
If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I'll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
But
if
a
thin
person
eats
a
lot,
I'll
follow
suit.
If
he
can
eat
much
and
keep
slim,
why
can't
I?
文章大意：本文是说明文。最近的研究表明：我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。文章详述了这个实验的过程。
5．What
is
the
recent
study
mainly
about？__D__
A．Food
safety.
B．Movie
viewership.
C．Consumer
demand.
D．Eating
behavior.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“According
to
a
recent
study
in
the
Journal
of
Consumer
Research,
both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake”可知，根据消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究，我们的饮食伙伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。因此这项研究是关于饮食行为的。故选D。
6．What
does
the
underlined
word
“beanpoles”
in
paragraph
1
refer
to？__D__
A．Big
eaters.
B．Overweight
persons.
C．Picky
eaters.
D．Tall
thin
persons.
解析：词义猜测题。根据前半句“And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份)”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites。由contrary
to可推断出，画线词和heavier
people(超重的人)相反，结合选项，D选项(瘦瘦高高的人)和heavier
people正好相反。故选D。
7．Why
did
the
researchers
hire
the
actor？__A__
A．To
see
how
she
would
affect
the
participants.
B．To
test
if
the
participants
could
recognize
her.
C．To
find
out
what
she
would
do
in
the
two
tests.
D．To
study
why
she
could
keep
her
weight
down.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits,
the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments”可知，
为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验。根据倒数第三段的内容可知，在两个实验中，胖的和瘦的演员都吃了大量的食物。参与者也照做，吃的食物比平常多。
然而，当演员是瘦的时候，参与者们服用的食物更多。由此推断，研究人员雇用演员是为了观察她的饮食行为是如何影响参与者的。故选A。
8．On
what
basis
do
we
“adjust
the
influence”
according
to
the
last
paragraph？__C__
A．How
hungry
we
are.
B．How
slim
we
want
to
be.
C．How
we
perceive
others.
D．How
we
feel
about
the
food.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I'll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
But
if
a
thin
person
eats
a
lot,
I'll
follow
suit.
If
he
can
eat
much
and
keep
slim,
why
can't
I?
”可知，如果一个超重的人吃很大一份，我会忍住一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。但如果一个瘦的人吃很多，我会跟着做。如果他吃得多保持苗条，为什么我不能呢？
因此推断我们是根据我们对他人的看法(即：如何看待他人)来调整影响的。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
In
these
times
of
tough
competition
and
the
tight
economy
environment，most
of
us
are
looking
for
ways
to
reduce
stress,
both
at
home
and
the
workplace.You
can
effectively
reduce
stress
by
taking
control
of
the
situation,
and
by
following
some
of
the
following
tips.
__1.B__
There
are
several
ways
in
which
stress
shows
itself
in
our
lives.__2.F__Physical
symptoms
of
excessive
(过多的)
stress
include
stomach
upsets,
headaches,
and
insomnia.Mental
and
emotional
side
effects
commonly
mean
loss
of
memory,
mood
swings,
and
depression.
Manage
your
time
effectively.
Leave
for
work
a
few
minutes
ahead
of
schedule.This
will
keep
you
calm
in
case
of
delays,
and
you
can
spend
a
few
extra
minutes
getting
ready
for
the
day.__3.A__Try
to
finish
the
more
important
tasks
early,
so
that
you
can
relax
through
the
rest
of
the
day.
Take
regular
breaks.
Avoid
burying
yourself
in
work
all
day.__4.G__Avoid
caffeine,
as
it
stimulates
you
and
contributes
to
increase
in
stress
levels.If
you
are
short
of
time,
try
to
shut
your
eyes
and
meditate
(冥想)
for
a
couple
of
minutes.
Enjoy
your
time
away
from
work.
When
you
are
not
working,
join
in
recreational
activities
that
work
greatly
for
stress
relief
(减轻)．__5.E__Sharing
humor
and
outings
with
friends
in
your
free
time
can
make
your
day
much
more
pleasant.Try
to
take
vacations
or
go
on
short
trips
to
new
places.
A．Schedule
your
work
well.
B．Recognize
the
signs
of
stress.
C．Learn
to
live
with
stress
happily
in
life.
D．Many
people
feel
it
difficult
to
get
rid
of
stress.
E．Enjoy
your
free
time
with
your
family
and
friends.
F．Look
for
some
of
the
commonest
signs
of
stress.
G．Try
to
take
short
breaks
every
couple
of
hours,
if
you
can.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。作者给我们提供了四个减轻压力的方法。
解析：
1．空处是该段的标题，而该段的主要内容是辨认出当你有压力时所表现出的症状。故选B。
2．根据空后介绍的常见的压力症状可知，此处是指寻找一些最常见的压力症状。
3．本段的标题是“有效地管理你的时间。”，而且空后一句表示“尽力早点完成较重要的工作，这样在这一天剩下的时间你就轻松了。”，由此推知空处是“安排好你的工作。”
4．G项与本段的标题“要有规律地进行休息。”相吻合，而且与空前一句衔接紧密，是对前一句的补充说明。
5．E项中的“Enjoy
your
free
time”与标题中的“Enjoy
your
time”相吻合。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being
overweight
can
cause
depression
even
when
no
other
health
problems
exist,
according
to
a
study
released
Tuesday
by
the
University
of
Exeter.
A
team__1.led__(lead)
by
researchers
from
the
University
of
Exeter
analyzed
UK
Biobank
data
from
more__2.than__48,000
people
with
depression
and__3.compared__(compare)
them
to
another
group
of
more
than
290,000
people.
While__4.it__has
long
been
known
that
depression
is
more
common
in
obese
people,
the
team
concluded__5.that__higher
body
mass
index
(体重指数)
can
cause
depression
in
itself，even
in
the
absence__6.of__other
health
problems.
Our
genetic
analysis
concludes
that
the
psychological
impact
of
being
obese
is
likely__7.to
cause__(cause)
depression.This
is
important
to
help
reduce
depression，__8.which__makes
it
much
harder
for
people
to
adopt__9.healthy__(health)
lifestyle
habits,
said
Dr
Jess
Tyrrell.The
team
tested
their
results
on
many
people
and
they
reached__10.the__same
conclusion,
verifying
their
results.
文章大意：研究发现，超重能造成抑郁。
解析：
1．考查非谓语动词。此处意为“由研究员们所带领的团队”，过去分词作后置定语修饰前面的名词。
2．考查固定结构。more
than超过，多于。
3．考查动词时态。空前是and，此处与谓语动词analyzed为并列关系，故该谓语动词用一般过去时态，表示过去发生的动作。
4．考查it的用法。It
has
long
been
known
that...“人们很早就知道……”，为常用句型，it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。
5．考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知concluded后为宾语从句，从句结构完整，故由that引导从句。此处意为“这个团队推断出较高的体重指数本身可能会导致抑郁”。
6．考查介词。in
the
absence
of是固定结构，意为“在没有/缺少．.....的情况下”，故填介词of。
7．考查非谓语动词。be
likely
to
do
sth.有可能做某事。
8．考查定语从句。先行词为depression，设空处在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填关系代词
which。
9．考查形容词。空后是lifestyle
habits，为名词短语，需要形容词修饰，故填healthy。
10．考查冠词。空后是same，此词要搭配定冠词the，the
same意为“相同的”，为固定结构。
PAGE
7Unit
3 Section
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Two
passengers
aboard
found
__needles__(针)
in
their
sandwiches.
2．The
__female__(雌性)
animals
always
show
the
gentleness.
3．Before
he
died,
he
used
to
have
a
__cigar__(雪茄烟)
every
hour.
4．He
glared
at
his
parents
and
they
felt
__embarrassed__
(尴尬)．
5．After
the
earthquake,
people
found
no
__survivors__(幸存者)．
6．The
moment
that
they
saw
we
were
at
__risk__(危险)，they
came
to
help
us.
7．Intel
has
consistently
denied
behaving
__illegally__(非法)．
8．This
was
completely
beyond
her
__comprehension__(理解)．
9．Elinor
bought
her
a
__packet__(小包)
of
biscuits.
10．Drug
__abuse__(滥用)
also
may
lead
to
such
symptoms.
Ⅱ.短语填空
due
to，
be
addicted
to，
be
accustomed
to，
have
a
bad
effect
on，
be
unfit
for，
decide
on，
feel
like，
every
time，be
ashamed
of，
be
desperate
for
1．The
man
lost
in
the
desert__was
desperate
for__water.
2．He
fell
ill__due
to__the
abuse
of
alcohol
and
cigarettes
and
too
much
stress.
3．He
has__been
accustomed
to__the
life
in
the
mountains
since
his
earliest
childhood.
4．To
our
disappointment,
many
students__are
addicted
to__computer
games
and
leave
their
studies
aside.
5．She__is
ashamed
of__having
failed
the
examination.
6．We__feel
like__going
to
Europe
for
a
visit
next
summer.
7．Have
you__decided
on__a
date
for
the
wedding?
8．Smoking
and
passive
smoking
really__have
a
bad
effect
on__
our
health,
so
please
quit
smoking.
9．To
pass
time
on
the
train,
I
will
take
a
book
with
me__every
time__I
go
travelling.
10．He
has
so
little
education
that
he__is
unfit
for__this
job.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Try
to
__get
into
the
habit
of__
drinking
a
glass
of
water
every
hour.(get)
努力养成每小时喝一杯水的习惯。
2．I
__felt
embarrassed
about__
how
untidy
the
house
was.(embarrass)．
这房子太不整洁了，我对此感到很难为情。
3．Do
you
think
I
should
__risk
sending
him
a
letter__？
(risk)
你认为我是否该冒险给他寄封信？
4．__So
much
did__
Tom
drink
that
he
could
not
find
the
way
to
go
home.(so)
汤姆喝得太多了，以至于他找不到回家的路了。
5．I
__am
likely
to__
be
very
busy
tomorrow.(likely)
明天我可能很忙。
6．__Judging
from
her
accent__，
she
must
come
from
an
Arabian
country.(judge)
听她的口音，她一定是来自阿拉伯国家。
7．__Living
far
from
my
company__，
I
have
to
get
up
early
every
morning.(live)
由于住得离公司远，我每天早晨不得不早起。
8．He
__did
tell__
all
that
had
happened
to
him.(do)
他确实把发生在他身上的事情都说了。
9．__It
was
not
until
it
stopped__that
we
got
off
the
bus.(it)
直到公交车停下来我们才下车。
10．They
wait
for
the
group
to
decide
__rather
than__
making
individual
decisions.(rather)
他们等待团体作决定而不是各自作出决定。
PAGE
1Unit
3 Section
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Measles
(麻疹),
which
once
killed
450
children
each
year
and
disabled
even
more,
was
nearly
wiped
out
in
the
United
States
14
years
ago
by
the
universal
use
of
the
MMR
vaccine
(疫苗)．But
the
disease
is
making
a
comeback,
caused
by
a
growing
anti?vaccine
movement
and
misinformation
that
is
spreading
quickly.Already
this
year,
115
measles
cases
have
been
reported
in
the
USA,
compared
with
189
for
all
of
last
year.
The
numbers
might
sound
small,
but
they
are
the
leading
edge
of
a
dangerous
trend.When
vaccination
rates
are
very
high,
as
they
still
are
in
the
nation
as
a
whole,
everyone
is
protected.This
is
called
“herd
immunity”，
which
protects
the
people
who
get
hurt
easily,
including
those
who
can't
be
vaccinated
for
medical
reasons,
babies
too
young
to
get
vaccinated
and
people
on
whom
the
vaccine
doesn't
work.
But
herd
immunity
works
only
when
nearly
the
whole
herd
joins
in.When
some
refuse
vaccination
and
seek
a
free
ride,
immunity
breaks
down
and
everyone
is
in
even
bigger
danger.That's
exactly
what
is
happening
in
small
neighborhoods
around
the
country
from
Orange
County,
California,
where
22
measles
cases
were
reported
this
month,
to
Brooklyn,
N．Y.,
where
a
17?year?old
caused
an
outbreak
last
year.
The
resistance
to
vaccine
has
continued
for
decades,
and
it
is
driven
by
a
real
but
very
small
risk.Those
who
refuse
to
take
that
risk
selfishly
make
others
suffer.
Making
things
worse
are
state
laws
that
make
it
too
easy
to
opt
out
(决定不参加)
of
what
are
supposed
to
be
required
vaccines
for
all
children
entering
kindergarten.Seventeen
states
allow
parents
to
get
an
exemption
(豁免),
sometimes
just
by
signing
a
paper
saying
they
personally
object
to
a
vaccine.
Now,
several
states
are
moving
to
tighten
laws
by
adding
new
regulations
for
opting
out.But
no
one
does
enough
to
limit
exemptions.Parents
ought
to
be
able
to
opt
out
only
for
limited
medical
or
religious
reasons.But
personal
opinions?
Not
good
enough.Everyone
enjoys
the
life?saving
benefits
vaccines
provide,
but
they'll
exist
only
as
long
as
everyone
shares
in
the
risks.
文章大意：本文是一篇健康方面的短文阅读。文章主要是介绍了曾经致命且几乎消失了的麻疹在近年来卷土重来，究其原因，是少数人拒绝注射疫苗，导致了自己及他人的健康受损，作者借此呼吁每个人都注射麻疹疫苗。
1.What
does
the
first
two
paragraphs
suggest？__C__
A．Information
about
measles
spreads
quickly.
B．Anti?vaccine
movement
has
its
medical
reasons.
C．A
few
measles
cases
can
start
a
dangerous
trend.
D．The
outbreak
of
measles
attracts
the
public
attention.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一、二段及第二段第一句话“The
numbers
might
sound
small
but
they
are
the
leading
edge
of
a
dangerous
trend”．可知，美国麻疹病例数量证明了麻疹正在回潮，麻疹患者的数量虽然小，但是他们却是一种危险趋势的前沿。从而可以推断出，一些麻疹病例可能引发一种危险的趋势。故选C。
2.Herd
immunity
works
well
when
__C__.
A．exemptions
are
allowed
B．several
vaccines
are
used
together
C．the
whole
neighborhood
is
involved
in
D．new
regulations
are
added
to
the
state
laws
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“But
herd
immunity
works
only
when
nearly
the
whole
herd
joins
in.”可知，只有群体中所有人都参与进来了群体免疫才会有用。故选C。
3.What
is
the
main
reason
for
the
comeback
of
measles？__D__
A．The
overuse
of
vaccine.
B．The
lack
of
medical
care.
C．The
features
of
measles
itself.
D．The
choice
of
some
people.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“But
the
disease
is
making
a
comeback，caused
by
a
growing
anti?vaccine
movement
and
misinformation
that
is
spreading
quickly.”可知，那些反对注射疫苗的人以及错误传播的消息导致了麻疹疾病的复发，从而可以推断出，一些人选择拒绝注射疫苗导致麻疹的卷土重来。故选D。
4.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage？__C__
A．To
introduce
the
idea
of
exemption.
B．To
discuss
methods
to
cure
measles.
C．To
stress
the
importance
of
vaccination.
D．To
appeal
for
equal
rights
in
medical
treatment.
解析：推理判断题。本文主要是介绍了麻疹在历史上带来的危害，以及为什么会有这样的情况，最根本原因还是那些不注射疫苗的人导致的，所以可以推断出本文的目的是强调疫苗的作用。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Once
upon
a
time，there
was
a
poor
man.His
__1.A__
was
also
very
poor—a
small
and
empty
house，which
was
__2.B__
with
spider
webs
(蜘蛛网)．People
tried
to
__3.D__
coming
into
his
house
and
the
poor
man
thought
that
poverty
(贫困)
was
the
__4.C__
for
his
unlucky
life.
Then，the
poor
man__5.B__
a
wise
man
and
told
him
about
his
poverty.The
man
felt
sorry
for
the
poor
man
and
gave
him
a
vase.“This
will
save
you
from
__6.A__，”
the
wise
man
said.The
poor
man
took
the
vase
from
the
wise
man
and
wanted
to
__7.D__
it
at
first
and
then
spend
the
money
on
drinking,
as
usual.Besides，why
would
he__8.C__
such
a
beautiful
thing？After
looking
at
the
vase
carefully，he
brought
it
back
to
his__9.D__，put
it
on
the
table
and
started
watching
it
again.
“It's
not
right
for
such
a
beautiful
thing
to
be
__10.B__，”
the
poor
man
thought.So
he
__11.B__
some
flowers
and
put
them
into
the
vase.It
became
even
__12.C__.“Not
good
that
such
a
beautiful
thing
stands
next
to
a
spider
web，”
the
poor
man__13.B__
again.
So
the
poor
man
started
__14.A__
his
house.And
it
became
clear
that
his
house
wasn't
poor，__15.C__
rather
warm
and
comfortable.And
the
poor
man
wasn't
a
poor
man
anymore，but
a
hard?working
host，who
had
no
time
to
think
about
poverty.
文章大意：本文讲的是一个智者送了一个花瓶给一个穷人，最终帮助这个穷人成了一个勤奋的人。
1．A．home
B．child
C．health
D．village
解析：根据破折号后的内容“a
small
and
empty
house”可知他的家也很穷。home家；child孩子；health健康；village村子。故选A。
2．A．treated
B．filled
C．built
D．covered
解析：treat对待；fill填充；build建设；cover覆盖。固定词组：be
filled
with...充满了……。故选B。
3．A．consider
B．forget
C．enjoy
D．avoid
解析：句意：人们尽量避免来他的家，因为他们不想来这样一个脏的地方。consider认为；forget忘记；enjoy喜爱；avoid避免。故选D。
4．A．problem
B．result
C．reason
D．change
解析：句意：这个穷人认为贫穷是他不幸生活的原因。problem问题；result结果；reason原因，理由；change变化。故选C。
5．A．helped
B．met
C．thanked
D．protected
解析：句意：这个穷人遇见了一个智者，并把自己的贫穷告诉了他。help帮助；meet遇见；thank感谢；protect保护。故选B。
6．A．poorness
B．death
C．danger
D．trouble
解析：句意：它将把你从贫穷里挽救出来。poorness贫穷；death死亡；danger危险；trouble麻烦。poorness与上文反复出现的poverty相一致。故选A。
7．A．draw
B．study
C．throw
D．sell
解析：句意：穷人起初想把花瓶卖掉，然后像平常一样买酒喝。由“and
then
spend
the
money”可知，应是先把花瓶卖掉换成钱。故选D。
8．A．bring
B．buy
C．need
D．like
解析：句意：另外，他为什么需要这样一个美丽的东西呢？bring拿来，带来；buy买；need需要；like喜欢。故选C。
9．A．school
B．farm
C．shop
D．house
解析：由下文“put
it
on
the
table”可知他把花瓶带回了他的房子里。故选D。
10．A．big
B．empty
C．old
D．safe
解析：由下文“some
flowers
and
put
them
into
the
vase”可知，开始花瓶应是空的，而他认为这样美丽的东西是空的，这有点不合适。所以他才会摘花放进去。
11．A．planted
B．picked
C．stole
D．borrowed
解析：由“and
put
them
into
the
vase”可知，他摘了一些花放进了花瓶里。plant种植；pick摘，捡；steal偷；borrow借。故选B。
12．A．more
expensive
B．stranger
C．more
beautiful
D．stronger
解析：句意：它变得更美丽了。more
expensive更贵的；stranger更奇怪的；more
beautiful更美丽的；stronger更强壮的。故选C。
13．A．expected
B．thought
C．believed
D．doubted
解析：由上文“the
poor
man
thought”可知选B项。
14．A．cleaning
B．checking
C．moving
D．choosing
解析：由下文“He
cleaned
the
dust，washed
the
floor
and
whitened
the
walls.”可知，这个穷人开始打扫房子。clean打扫；check核对，检查；move移动；choose选择。故选A。
15．A．or
B．for
C．but
D．and
解析：句意：他的房子不再脏而是温暖、舒适的。or或者，否则；for为了；but而是，但是；and和。故选C。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假设你是新华中学的高三学生李华，看到很多同学因为学习而忽略了体育锻炼，打算给学校英语报社投稿，鼓励同学们加强体育锻炼，注重身体健康。请按照以下要点，以“Health
and
Sports”为题写一篇英语短文。
写作要点：1.身体健康的重要性；
2.运动对大家的好处；
3.你的建议。
注意：①词数80个左右；
②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Health
and
Sports
Good
health
is
very
important
to
everyone.A
healthy
person
can
always
be
energetic
and
enjoy
his
life.A
person
who
is
in
poor
health
cannot
work
well.
When
it
comes
to
keeping
healthy,
playing
sports
enjoys
widespread
popularity
among
people.As
high
school
students,
we
must
study
hard
and
take
many
important
exams,
which
may
make
many
students
feel
nervous.So
it's
necessary
to
take
exercise
regularly
to
help
make
muscles
strong.What's
more,
while
playing,
we
get
relaxed,
which
can
help
us
study
more
efficiently.
Since
sports
can
make
us
physically
and
mentally
healthy,
we
should
do
sports
every
day
no
matter
how
busy
we
are.Do
remember
that
good
health
is
the
best
wealth.
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。
My
name
is
John
and
I
must
share
with
you
an
event
which
took
place
on
Flight
1553
out
of
DCA．My
wife
and
I
were
traveling
to
Miami
to
celebrate
an
achievement
for
her
and
as
you
can
imagine,
we
were
looking
forward
to
fun,
sun
and
laughter.
We
boarded
the
aircraft,
without
a
care
in
the
world.It
was
cold
in
Washington
and
we
were
ready
for
Florida.Shortly
after
taking
my
seat,
I
began
to
feel
sick.I
knew
something
wasn't
right
but
just
couldn't
find
out
what
was
happening
.Being
a
doctor
and
a
stubborn
man,
I
resisted
efforts
by
my
wife
to
call
for
assistance.As
the
aircraft
began
its
departure
roll,
I
lost
consciousness
for
a
short
amount
of
time.As
I
came
around,
I
quickly
realized
a
few
things.Firstly,
something
very
bad
had
happened
to
me
.Secondly,
the
aircraft
was
too
heavy
with
the
fuel
to
go
back
home.Thirdly,
my
loss
of
consciousness
had
been
so
deep
that
I
found
myself
out
of
control.So
not
only
did
I
have
a
medical
issue
to
deal
with,
but
I
also
had
to
figure
out
how
to
deal
with
an
embarrassing
experience.
My
wife
gathered
the
crew
as
soon
as
it
was
safe
to
move
about
and
I
made
my
way
to
the
washroom
to
attempt
to
clean
up.I
did
my
best
and
the
flight
crew
members
were
so
supportive，checking
on
me
often
and
reassuring
me
that
there
was
nothing
to
be
embarrassed
about.It
was
their
sympathy
and
support
that
helped
me
so
much.During
the
flight
they
kept
watching
over
me
and
I
suddenly
had
a
small
group
of
nurse,
bringing
blankets,
food,
drinks
and
caring
and
smile.I
was
thankful
to
them.
Paragraph
1：
Upon
landing,
I
remained
in
my
seat,
allowing
other
people
to
go
first.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
Hearing
that
,
the
captain
left
and
returned
a
couple
minutes
later
with
a
pair
of
his
own
blue
jeans.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Paragraph
1：
Upon
landing,
I
remained
in
my
seat,
allowing
other
people
to
go
first.As
I
was
in
my
seat,
I
looked
up
and
see
the
captain
standing
with
a
warm
smile.“What
can
I
do
for
you？”
the
captain
asked.I
told
him
I
was
OK.I
was
very
embarrassed
and
concerned
because
of
the
previous
things.He
said,
“What
sizes
of
pants
do
you
wear？”
His
voice
was
full
of
care.I
was
puzzled
and
replied，“34]Paragraph
2：
Hearing
that,
the
captain
left
and
returned
a
couple
minutes
later
with
a
pair
of
his
own
blue
jeans.The
man
opened
his
own
luggage
and
gave
a
complete
stranger
his
pants.I
didn't
know
what
to
say.Then
I
looked
at
my
wife,
who
smiled
and，without
saying
a
word,
let
me
know
it
was
OK.I
made
my
way
to
the
exit
and
he
said
，“Change
on
the
aircraft.It
is
fine.”Because
of
the
experience,
I
was
thankful
to
him
for
his
kindness.I
made
up
my
mind
to
treat
others
with
kindness.
PAGE
1Unit
3 学业质量标准检测
时间：120分钟，满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；
每小题1.5分，
满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．When
was
the
fire
put
out？__B__
A．At
2：00
a．m..
B．At
4：00
a．m..
C．At
4：00
p．m..
2．What
does
the
man
suggest
the
woman
do？__C__
A．Use
her
own
car.
B．Go
to
his
office
now.
C．See
a
doctor
tomorrow.
3．How
does
the
woman
look
now？__A__
A．Upset.
B．Worried.
C．Surprised.
4．When
did
the
woman
graduate
from
college？__C__
A．In
2009.
B．In
2010.
C．In
2011.
5．What
is
the
man
doing？__B__
A．Asking
for
suggestions.
B．Booking
a
room.
C．Booking
a
table.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What
does
the
man
do？__A__
A．He's
a
librarian.
B．He's
a
policeman.
C．He's
a
guide.
7．What
will
the
girl
do？__C__
A．Tour
around
the
city.
B．Send
an
email.
C．Wait
for
her
card.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What
isn't
talked
about？__B__
A．Football.
B．Sports
meeting.
C．Classical
music.
9．Why
does
Tom
love
football？__B__
A．It
keeps
him
healthy.
B．It
required
team
spirit.
C．It
makes
him
relaxed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How
does
the
man
like
to
fly？__A__
A．Business
class.
B．First
class.
C．Economy
class.
11．When
should
the
man
check
in？__A__
A．At
7：00
a．m..
B．At
9：00
a．m..
C．At
9：00
p．m..
12．What
do
we
know
about
the
flight？__C__
A．Its
flight
number
is
522.
B．It
will
leave
next
Sunday.
C．It
will
take
off
in
Shanghai.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where
is
the
woman
probably？__A__
A．In
Los
Angeles.
B．In
Chicago.
C．In
London.
14．What
does
the
woman
want
to
buy？__C__
A．A
spring
coat.
B．An
autumn
coat.
C．A
winter
coat.
15．How
much
of
a
discount
does
the
woman
get
for
the
coat？__A__
A．Five
percent.
B．Ten
percent.
C．Fifteen
percent.
16．What
does
the
man
try
to
sell
the
woman
in
the
end？__B__
A．Some
scarves.
B．Some
gloves.
C．Some
skirts.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What
prize
did
the
youngest
group
get？__C__
A．The
second
prize.
B．The
third
prize.
C．The
fourth
prize.
18．What
was
Eastside
good
at？__B__
A．The
violin.
B．The
dance.
C．The
song.
19．Why
did
the
Storm
win
first
prize？__C__
A．They
danced
wonderfully.
B．The
guitarist
played
very
well.
C．The
singer
performed
perfectly.
20．What
kind
of
person
is
the
speaker？__A__
A．Humorous.
B．Serious.
C．Boring.
听力原文
Text
1
W：I
heard
the
fire
broke
out
at
two
o'clock
in
the
morning.
M：Yes.And
it
wasn't
put
out
until
4：00
a．m..
Text
2
W：I'm
going
to
see
a
doctor.May
I
use
your
car?
M：The
doctor's
office
closes
in
15
minutes.Why
not
go
there
tomorrow?
Text
3
W：They're
building
another
building
near
my
house.
M：What?
No
wonder
you
wear
a
long
face
today.
Text
4
M:
I
graduated
from
college
in
2010.What
about
you?
W：I
graduated
from
college
one
year
later
than
you.So
did
you
like
your
college
life?
M：Sure.I
made
a
lot
of
friends
there.
W：Well,
I
didn't.
Text
5
W：Good
morning.Can
I
help
you?
M:
Yes.I'd
like
a
single
room.
W：How
long
do
you
plan
to
stay
here?
M:
For
three
days.
Text
6
M：What
can
I
do
for
you?
W：I
just
came
to
our
city
for
a
short
time.I
don't
know
how
to
apply
for
a
library
card
here.
M：Well，please
fill
out
this
form.
W：How
long
will
it
take
me
to
get
my
card?
M:
Not
long.We'll
process
your
application
and
mail
you
your
new
card
in
a
week.
W:
Oh,
thank
you
very
much.
Text
7
W：What
do
you
do
in
your
spare
time?
Tom?
M：I
have
many
hobbies.I
like
almost
all
kinds
of
sports
and
I
also
like
classical
music.
W：Really?
What
kinds
of
sports
do
you
like?
M:
I
like
playing
football.Football
is
a
very
exciting
game
because
it
keeps
you
alert
and
I
also
enjoy
the
team
spirit
of
football.
W:
Sure！And
I'm
thinking
of
organizing
a
football
team.I'm
wondering
if
you'd
like
to
join
in.
M：Oh，great!
How
many
people
have
you
found
to
take
part
in
the
team?
W:
Only
five,
including
you.
M：Don't
worry.I
have
some
friends
who
love
football.I'm
sure
they
will
be
very
glad
to
join
in.
Text
8
W：Good
morning,
sir.How
can
I
help
you?
M:
I'd
like
to
check
if
there
are
any
flights
to
Madrid
next
Saturday.
W：There
is
a
morning
flight
on
Air
China.Are
you
traveling
alone,
sir?
M：Yes,
I
am.What
time
does
the
flight
leave?
W：It
leaves
at
9：00
a．m..How
would
you
like
to
fly?
Economy
class,
business
class
or
first
class?
M：Business
class,
please.
W：Single
or
return?
M：Single,
please.
W：OK,
sir.I
will
book
you
on
Air
China
Flight
number
552,
which
is
leaving
at
Shanghai
Pudong
International
Airport
at
9：00
am
next
Saturday,
the
6th
of
October.Please
be
sure
to
check
in
two
hours
ahead.
M:
Thank
you.
Text
9
M：Good
morning,
ma'am.Are
you
being
helped?
W：No，I'm
not.
M：Well，I
can
certainly
help
you
if
you'd
like
some
advice...These
skirts
and
scarves
over
here
are
back
in
style.
W：Oh，I'm
here
to
look
for
a
winter
coat.
M:
How
about
this
one?
It's
made
of
very
high
quality
wool.
W:
It's
nice,
but
I
actually
need
something
warmer.This
would
work
if
I
were
staying
here
in
Los
Angeles,
but
it's
too
light
for
a
Chicago
winter.
M：Ah！You
need
a
very
heavy
coat，then.Please
follow
me...This
one
here
is
a
good
value
and
is
one
of
our
warmest
coats.It
is
also
quite
fashionable
and
very
comfortable.
W：Would
it
be
possible
to
get
a
discount
on
it?
M：Maybe
we
can
give
you
a
five
percent
discount.
W：OK.I'll
take
it.
M：Can
I
interest
you
in
some
gloves?
They're
ten
percent
off
now.
W：No,
thanks.I
used
to
live
in
London,
so
I
already
have
some
very
nice
gloves.
Text
10
Thank
you
to
all
the
competitors.I
won't
say
much
because
I
know
you're
all
anxious
to
hear
the
results—it
was
a
very
difficult
decision
and
I'll
start
with
the
band
which
came
in
fourth.That's
Texas
Team,
who
are
the
youngest
group
here
today.Unfortunately,
the
violinist
played
so
quietly
that
we
couldn't
hear
him.So
bad
luck
to
Texas
Team.Third
was
Eastside.They
are
such
good
dancers
they
should
enter
for
a
dance
competition.And
with
a
bit
more
practice
on
the
music
they'll
do
very
well.In
second
place
is
Third
Avenue.They
did
well,
especially
their
young
guitarist,
but
the
singer
looked
so
unhappy
that
we
thought
maybe
he
didn't
want
to
win!
Never
mind—you
nearly
won,
so
better
luck
next
time.Congratulations
to
the
Storm
who
are
our
winners
today.The
singer
had
such
a
great
voice
that
we
had
to
give
them
first
place.Well
done.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Kettle's
Yard,
Cambridge
This
modern?art
gallery
in
a
Victorian
house
was
founded
in
the
1950s
by
Tate
Jim
and
reopened
in
February
following
a
two?year
redevelopment
by
Jamie
Fobert
Architects,
the
team
behind
the
2017
Tate
Steves
extension.This
means
a
new
cafe,
a
four?floor
education
wing
and
improved
gallery
space
that
can
accommodate
more
visitors.The
gallery's
permanent
collection
includes
works
by
Joan
Miró，
Henry
Moore
and
Barbara
Hepworth.
Being
Brunel,
Bristol
To
celebrate
the
life
and
work
of
famous
civil
engineer
Isambard
Kingdom
Brunei,
Being
Brunei
will
open
in
March
on
Bristol's
harbourside.The
museum
will
include
a
range
of
interactive
and
entertaining
exhibits,
including
talking
portraits
of
his
friends
and
family
and
personal
possessions,
including
an
1821
school
report.It
is
a
good
place
for
families
to
strengthen
connections.
Royal
Academy
of
Arts,
London
The
RA
reopens
on
19
May
for
its
250th
anniversary,
following
a
￡50m
renovation
(翻新)
with
a
gallery
and
expanded
exhibition
programme.These
will
include
three
day?lit
galleries,
which
will
host
exhibitions
with
a
focus
on
contemporary
art
and
architecture.The
grand
frontwall
of
the
Burlington
Gardens
building
has
also
been
restored—possibly
the
first
time
it's
had
a
proper
clean
in
its
150
year
history.
V&A,
Dundee
One
of
the
most
significant
new
openings
of
the
year
will
be
Scotland's
first
design
museum
and
also
the
first
V&A
anywhere
outside
of
London
on
15
September.The
museum
building
sits
on
the
river
Tay.It
will
celebrate
Scottish
design
and
objects
in
its
collection.
文章大意：这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个艺术馆(博物馆)的特点、展出内容等。
21．What
do
we
know
about
Being
Brunel？__C__
A．It
has
a
long
school
report.
B．It
includes
three
day?lit
galleries.
C．It
is
family?friendly.
D．It
possesses
permanent
collections.
解析：细节理解题。根据Being
Brunel,
Bristol中“It
is
a
good
place
for
families
to
strengthen
connections.”可知，Being
Brunel是一个家庭友好型博物馆。故选C。
22．The
purpose
of
the
RA
reopening
is__B__.
A．to
expand
the
exhibition
B．to
mark
its
250th
anniversary
C．to
display
contemporary
art
D．to
present
its
150?year
history
解析：细节理解题。根据“Royal
Academy
of
Arts,
London中The
RA
reopens
on
19
May
for
its
250th
anniversary,
following
a
￡50m
renovation
(翻新)
with
a
gallery
and
expanded
exhibition
programme.”可知，RA重新开放的目的是纪念其成立250周年。故选B。
23．What
does
the
writer
intend
to
tell
us？__D__
A．To
compare
different
tourist
attractions.
B．To
attract
more
visitors
to
the
UK.
C．To
describe
some
famous
museums
and
artists.
D．To
introduce
openings
of
some
famous
art
museums.
解析：主旨大意题。通过本文我们知道，文章介绍了一些著名的艺术馆或博物馆的开放信息。故选D。
B
(2020·江苏卷)
For
those
who
can
stomach
it，
working
out
before
breakfast
may
be
more
beneficial
for
health
than
eating
first,
according
to
a
study
of
meal
timing
and
physical
activity.
Athletes
and
scientists
have
long
known
that
meal
timing
affects
performance.
However,
far
less
has
been
known
about
how
meal
timing
and
exercise
might
affect
general
health.
To
find
out,
British
scientists
conducted
a
study.
They
first
found
10
overweight
and
inactive
but
otherwise
healthy
young
men,
whose
lifestyles
are,
for
better
and
worse,
representative
of
those
of
most
of
us.
They
tested
the
men's
fitness
and
resting
metabolic
(新陈代谢的)
rates
and
took
samples
(样品)
of
their
blood
and
fat
tissue.
Then,
on
two
separate
morning
visits
to
the
scientists'
lab,
each
man
walked
for
an
hour
at
an
average
speed
that,
in
theory,
should
allow
his
body
to
rely
mainly
on
fat
for
fuel.
Before
one
of
these
workouts,
the
men
skipped
breakfast,
meaning
that
they
exercised
on
a
completely
empty
stomach
after
a
long
overnight
fast
(禁食).
On
the
other
occasion,
they
ate
a
rich
morning
meal
about
two
hours
before
they
started
walking.
Just
before
and
an
hour
after
each
workout,
the
scientists
took
additional
samples
of
the
men's
blood
and
fat
tissue.
Then
they
compared
the
samples.
There
were
considerable
differences.
Most
obviously,
the
men
displayed
lower
blood
sugar
levels
at
the
start
of
their
workouts
when
they
had
skipped
breakfast
than
when
they
had
eaten.
As
a
result,
they
burned
more
fat
during
walks
on
an
empty
stomach
than
when
they
had
eaten
first.
On
the
other
hand,
they
burned
slightly
more
calories
(卡路里),
on
average,
during
the
workout
after
breakfast
than
after
fasting.
But
it
was
the
effects
deep
within
the
fat
cells
that
may
have
been
the
most
significant,
the
researchers
found.
Multiple
genes
behaved
differently,
depending
on
whether
someone
had
eaten
or
not
before
walking.
Many
of
these
genes
produce
proteins
(蛋白质)
that
can
improve
blood
sugar
regulation
and
insulin
(胰岛素)
levels
throughout
the
body
and
so
are
associated
with
improved
metabolic
health.
These
genes
were
much
more
active
when
the
men
had
fasted
before
exercise
than
when
they
had
breakfasted.
The
implication
of
these
results
is
that
to
gain
the
greatest
health
benefits
from
exercise,
it
may
be
wise
to
skip
eating
first.
文章大意：本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。
24．The
underlined
expression
“stomach
it”
in
Paragraph
1
most
probably
means
“__B__”．
A．digest
the
meal
easily
B．manage
without
breakfast
C．decide
wisely
what
to
eat
D．eat
whatever
is
offered
解析：词句猜测题。根据下文working
out
before
breakfast
may
be
more
beneficial
for
health
than
eating
first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。
25．Why
were
the
10
people
chosen
for
the
experiment？__A__
A．Their
lifestyles
were
typical
of
ordinary
people.
B．Their
lack
of
exercise
led
to
overweight.
C．They
could
walk
at
an
average
speed.
D．They
had
slow
metabolic
rates.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段
They
first
found
10
overweight
and
inactive
but
otherwise
healthy
young
men,
whose
lifestyles
are,
for
better
and
worse,
representative
of
those
of
most
of
us.可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式不论好坏，代表了我们大多数人的生活方式。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人的生活方式。故选A。
26．What
happened
to
those
who
ate
breakfast
before
exercise？__B__
A．They
successfully
lost
weight.
B．They
consumed
a
bit
more
calories.
C．They
burned
more
fat
on
average.
D．They
displayed
higher
insulin
levels.
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的As
a
result,
they
burned
more
fat
during
walks
on
an
empty
stomach
than
when
they
had
eaten
first.
On
the
other
hand.
they
burned
slightly
more
calories(卡路里),
on
average,
during
the
workout
after
breakfast
than
after
fasting.可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。
另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。
27．What
could
be
learned
from
the
research？__D__
A．A
workout
after
breakfast
improves
gene
performances.
B．Too
much
workout
often
slows
metabolic
rates.
C．Lifestyle
is
not
as
important
as
morning
exercise.
D．Physical
exercise
before
breakfast
is
better
for
health.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段The
implication
of
these
results
is
that
to
gain
the
greatest
health
benefits
from
exercise,
it
may
be
wise
to
skip
eating
first.可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。
C
The
spread
of
Western
eating
habits
around
the
world
is
bad
for
human
health
and
the
environment.These
findings
come
from
a
new
report
in
the
journal
Nature.
David
Tilman,
a
professor
of
ecology
at
the
University
of
Minnesota,
America,
examined
information
from
100
countries
to
identify
what
people
ate
and
how
a
diet
affected
health.He
noted
a
movement
beginning
in
the
1960s.He
found
that
as
nations
industrialized
(工业化),
population
increased
and
earnings
rose,
more
people
began
to
adopt
what
has
been
called
the
Western
diet.
The
Western
diet
is
high
in
sugar,
fat,
oil
and
meat.By
eating
these
foods,
people
began
to
get
fatter
and
sicker.David
Tilman
says
overweight
people
are
at
greater
risk
of
non?infectious
diseases
like
diabetes
(糖尿病)
and
heart
disease.
Unfortunately
when
people
become
industrialized,
if
they
adopt
this
Western
diet,
they
are
going
to
have
these
health
problems,
especially
in
developing
countries
in
Asia.China
is
an
example
where
the
number
of
diabetes
cases
has
been
jumping
from
less
than
one
percent
to
10
percent
of
the
population
as
they
began
to
industrialize
over
a
20?year
period.And
that
is
happening
all
across
the
world,
in
Mexico,
in
Nigeria
and
so
on.
And,
a
diet
bad
for
human
beings
is
also
bad
for
the
environment.As
the
world's
population
grows,
more
forests
and
tropical
(热带的)
areas
will
become
farmlands
for
crops
or
grasslands
for
cattle.We
are
likely
to
have
more
greenhouse
gas
in
the
future
from
agriculture
than
that
coming
out
of
all
forms
of
transportation
right
now.
Mr
Tilman
calls
the
link
between
the
diet,
the
environment
and
human
health,
“a
trilemma”—a
problem
offering
a
difficult
choice.He
says
one
possible
solution
is
leaving
the
Western
diet
behind.
文章大意：本文主要讲了西方饮食对身体健康和环境有不利的影响。
28．We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
__D__.
A．Nigeria
has
the
largest
number
of
diabetes
cases
B．overweight
people
are
at
higher
risk
of
infectious
diseases
C．the
examined
information
comes
from
developing
countries
D．industrialization
contributes
to
the
spread
of
the
Western
diet
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句可推知，工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播。故D项正确。
29．According
to
the
passage,
more
greenhouse
gas
might
be
given
off
in
the
future
from
__C__.
A．transportation
B．developing
countries
C．agriculture
D．developed
countries
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，未来更多的温室气体排放可能来自农业。故选择C项。
30．David
Tilman
believes
that
__A__.
A．the
diet,
the
environment
and
human
health
are
closely
connected
B．the
Western
diet
is
the
only
choice
as
the
nation
industrializes
C．people
in
tropical
areas
are
more
likely
to
have
heart
disease
D．traditional
diets
are
more
balanced
than
the
Western
diet
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，蒂尔曼先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为“三难困境”。由此可知，它们三个是紧密相关的。故选择A项。
31．The
main
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
__B__.
A．call
on
us
to
protect
the
environment
B．warn
us
of
the
danger
of
the
Western
diet
C．remind
us
of
the
importance
of
health
D．advise
us
to
have
a
balanced
diet
解析：推理判断题。综合全文，尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，西方饮食有害健康，不利于环境，故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。
D
Why
do
some
people
live
to
be
older
than
others？You
know
the
standard
explanations:
keeping
a
moderate
diet,
engaging
in
regular
exercise，etc.But
what
effect
does
your
personality
have
on
your
longevity？Do
some
kinds
of
personalities
lead
to
longer
lives？A
new
study
in
the
Journal
of
the
American
Geriatrics
Society
looked
at
this
question
by
examining
the
personality
characteristics
of
246
children
of
people
who
had
lived
to
be
at
least
100.
The
study
shows
that
those
living
the
longest
are
more
outgoing，more
active
and
less
neurotic
(神经质的)
than
other
people.Long?living
women
are
also
more
likely
to
be
sympathetic
and
cooperative
than
women
with
a
normal
life
span.These
findings
are
in
agreement
with
what
you
would
expect
from
the
evolutionary
theory:
those
who
like
to
make
friends
and
help
others
can
gather
enough
resources
to
make
it
through
tough
times.
Interestingly，however，other
characteristics
that
you
might
consider
advantageous
had
no
impact
on
whether
study
participants
were
likely
to
live
longer.Those
who
were
more
self?disciplined，for
instance，were
no
more
likely
to
live
to
be
very
old.Also，being
open
to
new
ideas
had
no
relationship
to
long
life，which
might
explain
all
those
bad?tempered
old
people
who
are
fixed
in
their
ways.
Whether
you
can
successfully
change
your
personality
as
an
adult
is
the
subject
of
a
longstanding
psychological
debate.But
the
new
paper
suggests
that
if
you
want
long
life，you
should
strive
to
be
as
outgoing
as
possible.
Unfortunately，another
recent
study
shows
that
your
mother's
personality
may
also
help
determine
your
longevity.That
study
looked
at
nearly
28,000
Norwegian
mothers
and
found
that
those
moms
who
were
more
anxious，depressed
and
angry
were
more
likely
to
feed
their
kids
unhealthy
diets.Patterns
of
childhood
eating
can
be
hard
to
break
when
we're
adults，which
may
mean
that
kids
of
depressed
moms
end
up
dying
younger.
Personality
isn't
destiny
(命运)，and
everyone
knows
that
individuals
can
learn
to
change.But
both
studies
show
that
long
life
isn't
just
a
matter
of
your
physical
health
but
of
your
mental
health.
文章大意：我们都知道长寿的秘诀是保持有节制的饮食，经常参与锻炼等。然而新的研究表明长寿不仅与身体健康有关，而且也与精神健康有关。而且，母亲的性格也决定孩子是否能够长寿。
32．What
finding
of
the
study
might
prove
somewhat
out
of
our
expectation？__C__
A．Helpful
people
can
live
a
relatively
long
life.
B．Readiness
to
accept
new
ideas
offer
more
possibility
to
enjoy
longevity.
C．Being
self?discipline
makes
no
difference
to
longevity.
D．Personality
characteristics
that
prove
advantageous
actually
vary
with
times.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Those
who
were
more
self?disciplined，for
instance，were
no
more
likely
to
live
to
be
very
old.”可知，出乎意料的，研究发现自律不影响长寿。故选C。
33．According
to
the
author，outgoing
and
sympathetic
people
__B__.
A．have
a
good
understanding
of
evolution
B．are
more
likely
to
recover
from
hardship
C．are
probably
more
active
and
neurotic
D．generally
appear
more
resourceful
解析：事实细节题。根据第二段第二、三句“Long?living
women
are
also
more
likely
to
be
sympathetic
and
cooperative
than
women
with
a
normal
life
span.These
findings
are
in
agreement
with
what
you
would
expect
from
the
evolutionary
theory:
those
who
like
to
make
friends
and
help
others
can
gather
enough
resources
to
make
it
through
tough
times.”可推断，外向、富有同情心的人能更好地度过艰难时期，更长寿。故选B。
34．What
does
the
recent
study
of
Norwegian
mothers
show？__D__
A．Children's
personality
characteristics
are
always
shared
by
their
mothers.
B．People
with
unhealthy
eating
habits
are
likely
to
die
at
a
young
age.
C．Mothers'
personality
may
have
a
longer
influence
on
children
than
fathers'.
D．Mothers'
personality
ancient
may
affect
their
children's
life
spans.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知，另一项研究表明，母亲的性格也决定孩子是否能够长寿。那些焦虑、沮丧和愤怒的母亲更有可能给孩子喂不健康的饮食。即使成年后孩子们的饮食模式也很难打破，这可能意味着抑郁的孩子们可能不会长寿。故选D。
35．What
can
we
learn
from
the
findings
of
the
two
new
studies?
__A__
A．A
mixture
of
mental
and
physical
health
produces
longevity.
B．A
person's
lifestyle
is
largely
related
to
his
or
her
health.
C．Personality
plays
a
decisive
and
significant
role
in
how
healthy
one
is.
D．Anxiety
and
depression
more
often
than
not
cut
short
one's
life
span.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第一段尾句“But
both
studies
show
that
long
life
isn't
just
a
matter
of
your
physical
health
but
of
your
mental
health.可知，长寿不仅仅是身体健康问题，也是心理健康问题。”故选A。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If
You
Can't
Fall
Asleep
When
Your
Head
Hits
the
Pillow.Here's
What
to
Do
Schedule
Worry
Time
Just
as
you
schedule
time
to
see
friends
or
get
a
massage
do
the
same
with
your
worries.__36.D__In
addition
to
writing
down
what's
worrying
you,
create
at
least
one
action
item
you
can
do
to
help
deal
with
the
issue.Thinking
through
those
potential
stressors
earlier
in
the
day
should
help
ease
how
much
you
worry
about
those
things
when
your
head
hits
the
pillow.
Create
a
Routine
to
Power
Down
Your
Brain
__37.E__Not
true.Modern
busy
living
has
created
so
much
stimulation
(刺激)
in
the
day
that
brains
now
operate
at
super?fast
speed.If
you
don't
give
them
time
to
rest;
they'll
continue
going
at
that
speed
at
bedtime.At
least
30
minutes
before
you
go
to
bed,
start
your
probed
preparations
and
then
do
something
relaxing.Keep
it
consistent,
and
you'll
train
your
body
to
expect
sleep
after
that
relaxation
period.
Keep
a
Gratitude
List
Now
that
you've
thrown
away
your
worries,
replace
the
void
(空白)
where
those
negative
thoughts
once
lived
with
positive
ones
by
starting
a
gratitude
journal.The
impact
of
those
positive
thoughts
is
greater
when
you
write
them
down.__38.G__.
Practice
4－7－8
Breathing
Deep
breathing
is
so
effective
for
sleep.In
order
to
get
to
sleep，your
heart
rate
needs
to
slow
down.__39.F__Practice
4－7－8
breathing
before
you
go
to
bed:
Inhale
(吸气)
for
a
count
of
four,
hold
for
seven
counts，and
then
blow
out
for
eight
counts.
__40.B__
As
you
lie
in
bed,
relax
all
of
your
muscles
one
by
one,
starting
at
your
toes
and
ending
at
your
head.Not
only
is
this
incredibly
relaxing，as
the
name
implies,
it
also
forces
you
to
think
about
the
physical
parts
of
your
body,
directing
your
attention
away
from
whatever
is
stressing
you.
A．Exercise
Right
Before
Bed
B．Do
Progressive
Muscle
Relaxation
C．Consider
the
relaxing
effects
of
positive
thoughts
on
your
mind.
D．Schedule
a
consistent
time
every
day
to
write
down
those
worries
on
paper.
E．Most
people
assume
that
sleep
is
like
breathing
your
body
will
just
do
it.
F．And
breathing
techniques
are
one
of
the
most
effective
ways
to
achieve
his
goal.
G．So
try
spending
a
few
minutes
each
night
listing
several
things
you're
grateful
for.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何应对睡不着觉的几点建议。
解析：
36．根据空后的“In
addition
to
writing
down
what's
worrying
you,
create
at
least
one
action
item
you
can
do
to
help
deal
with
the
issue.”可知，除了写下让你担心的事情，你还需要至少制定一个行动计划来帮助解决这个问题，“In
addition
to
writing
down
what's
worrying
you”表明此处会提到把令你担心的事情写下来，故D项(每天安排一个固定的时间把这些担心写在纸上。)符合语境。
37．E 根据本段标题及内容可知，本段主要讲的是睡前让大脑放松很重要，空后的“Not
true.”表明此处会提到一个关于睡眠的错误观点，故E项(大多数人认为睡眠就像呼吸一样，你的身体就会这样做。)符合语境。
38．根据空前的“The
impact
of
I
hose
positive
thoughts
is
greater
when
you
write
them
down，”可知，当你把积极的想法写下来时，它的影响更大，此处举例说明一种积极的想法，故G项(所以试着每晚花几分钟列出你感激的事情。)符合语境。
39．根据本短标题“Practice
4－7－8
Breathing”可知，本段主要讲的是呼吸技巧，此处承接这一话题，故F项(呼吸技巧是实现目标最有效的方法之一。)符合语境。
40．此处为本段小标题，根据本段内容，特别是“As
you
lie
in
bed,
relax
all
of
your
muscles
one
by
one”可知，本段主要讲的是肌肉放松，故B项(做渐进式肌肉放松。)符合语境。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The
small
town
of
Rjukan
in
Norway
is
situated
between
several
mountains
and
does
not
get
direct
sunlight
from
late
September
to
mid?March—
__41.C__
six
months
out
of
the
year.
“Of
course，we
__42.D__
it
when
the
sun
is
shining，”says
Karin
Ro，who
works
for
the
town's
tourism
office.“We
see
the
sky
is
__43.B__，but
down
in
the
valley
it's
darker—it's
like
on
a
__44.A__
day.”
But
that
__45.B__
when
a
system
of
high?tech
mirrors
was
introduced
to
reflect
sunlight
from
neighboring
peaks
(山峰)
into
the
valley
below.Wednesday，residents(居民)
of
Rjukan
__46.C__
their
very
first
ray
of
winter
sunshine：A
row
of
reflective
boards
on
a
nearby
mountainside
were
put
to
__47.D__.The
mirrors
are
controlled
by
a
computer
that
__48.B__
them
to
turn
along
with
the
sun
throughout
the
__49.A__
and
to
close
during
windy
weather.They
reflect
a
concentrated
beam(束)of
light
onto
the
town's
central
square，creating
an
area
of
sunlight
roughly
600
square
meters.When
the
light
__50.A__，Rjukan
residents
gathered
together.
The
3,500
residents
cannot
all
__51.C__
the
sunshine
at
the
same
time.__52.B__，the
new
light
feels
like
more
than
enough
for
the
town's
__53.D__
residents.
“It's
not
very
__54.A__，”Ro
says，“but
it
is
enough
when
we
are
__55.D__.”
文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年无法得到阳光直射，这种情况通过运用高科技设备得以改善。该语篇旨在激发思考，引导考生关注自然生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。
41．A．only
B．obviously
C．nearly
D．precisely
解析：上文语境题。根据空前所述(从九月底到三月中旬)可知，此处指接近(nearly)六个月的时间。only只有；obviously明显地；precisely精确地。
42．A．fear
B．believe
C．hear
D．notice
解析：上下文语境题。由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六个月的时间没有阳光直射，再根据下文引号里的话可知，当地人在阳光照耀的时候注意(notice)到天空是蓝色的，但山谷里较暗。fear害怕；believe相信；hear听说。
43．A．empty
B．blue
C．high
D．wide
解析：上文语境题。显然，该引号中的话为当地人注意到的情况——我们看到天空是蓝色的(blue)，但山谷里较暗。empty空的；high高的；wide宽的。
44．A．cloudy
B．normal
C．different
D．warm
解析：上文语境题。山谷里较暗，就像阴天(a
cloudy
day)一样。normal正常的；different不同的；warm温暖的。
45．A．helped
B．changed
C．happened
D．mattered
解析：上下文语境题。但是当一套高科技的镜子系统被引进之后，这种状况改变(change)了。help帮助；happen发生；matter重要。
46．A．remembered
B．forecasted
C．received
D．imagined
解析：上下文语境题。由上下文可知，在引进高科技的镜子系统后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬日阳光的第一束光。remember记住；forecast预报；imagine想象。
47．A．repair
B．risk
C．rest
D．use
解析：上文语境题。由该句前的冒号可知，此句介绍尤坎居民是如何得到光源的——附近山坡上的一排反射板投入使用。put
to
use“投入使用”，符合语境。repair修理；risk冒险；rest休息。
48．A．forbids
B．directs
C．predicts
D．follows
解析：上下文语境题。这些镜子是由电脑控制的，电脑可以让它们在白天随着太阳转动，在有风的天气里关闭。direct“管理，指挥”，符合语境。forbid禁止；predict预测；follow跟随。
49．A．day
B．night
C．month
D．year
解析：上下文语境题。因为是要反射光源，肯定是在白天时间。throughout
the
day“整个白天”，符合语境。
50．A．appeared
B．returned
C．faded
D．stopped
解析：上文语境题。当光出现(appear)的时候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。return返回；fade消失；stop停止。
51．A．block
B．avoid
C．enjoy
D．store
解析：上下文语境题。3,500个居民不能同时享受(enjoy)阳光。block挡住，堵住；avoid
避免；store储存。
52．A．Instead
B．However
C．Gradually
D．Similarly
解析：语义逻辑题。空前提到居民不能同时享受阳光，空后说，新光线对小镇居民而言感觉绰绰有余，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系，故填however(然而)。instead反而，相反；gradually逐渐地；similarly相似地。
53．A．nature?loving
B．energy?saving
C．weather?beaten
D．sun?starved
解析：上文语境题。尤坎小镇原本每年有接近六个月的时间不见阳光，所以说他们是渴望阳光的(sun?starved)居民。nature?loving热爱自然的；
energy?saving节约能源的；weather?beaten饱经风霜的。
54．A．big
B．clear
C．cold
D．easy
解析：上下文语境题。由上文Ro的叙述以及more
than
enough等字眼可知，对于渴望阳光的尤坎居民而言，新光线让他们心满意足。故此处语境为“它不是很大(big)，但当我们分享(share)的时候就足够了”。
55．A．trying
B．waiting
C．watching
D．sharing
解析：上文语境题。当我们分享(share)的时候就足够了。try尝试；wait等待；watch观看。
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
healthy
lifestyle
is
related
__56.to__
physical
and
mental
fitness.Do
you
think
it
is
time
to
make
changes
to
live
__57.a__
healthier
life?
Nowadays
many
people
say
they
just
don't
get
much
time
to
look
after
__58.their__
(they)
health.However,
it
is
what
you
do
and
eat
every
day
that
guarantees
you
a
healthy
body.So
make
some
little
changes
in
your
schedule
to
improve
your
lifestyle.It's
never
too
late.
These
are
some
suggestions
__59.given__
(give)
by
health
experts
which
can
help
you
achieve
your
goal.First
of
all,
add
healthy
food
items
to
your
diet.For
example,
eating
green
vegetables
and
fruits
__60.is__
(be)
a
must
because
they
contain
lots
of
vitamins
and
minerals
__61.that/which__
are
necessary
to
your
body.Do
remember
to
exercise
__62.regularly__
(regular)
because
it
will
burn
extra
fats
in
your
body
and
help
you
gain
control
of
your
__63.weight__
(weigh)．If
you
can't
exercise
every
day,
at
least
go
for
a
walk
every
day.Sleep
at
least
eight
hours
every
day
__64.to
make__
(make)
you
feel
fresh
and
energetic.In
addition,
many
people
do
some
activities
every
day,
__65.saying__
(say)
this
helps
them
develop
their
mind.There
are
many
things
you
can
do
to
keep
healthy,
but
exercising
will
always
be
at
the
top.
文章大意：健康的生活方式与身体和心理的健康有关，作者在本文中给出了保持健康的一些建议，包括合理的饮食、充足的睡眠以及适当的锻炼等。
解析：
56．考查固定搭配。be
related
to是固定搭配，意为“和……有联系”。
57．考查冠词。live
a
healthier
life意为“过一种更健康的生活”。live
a
...life为固定表达。
58．考查代词。此处需用形容词性物主代词作定语，故填their。
59．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处作suggestions的后置定语，give的逻辑主语是suggestions，二者之间是被动关系，故用过去分词given。
60．考查主谓一致。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，本文以一般现在时为主，故填is。
61．考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为lots
of
vitamins
and
minerals，引导词用that/which，在从句中作主语。
62．考查副词。修饰动词exercise要用副词regularly。
63．考查名词。此处需要名词作介词of的宾语，且空格前有形容词性物主代词修饰。故填weight，意为“体重”。
64．考查非谓语动词。设空处应填非谓语动词，此处表示目的，应填动词不定式to
make。
65．考查非谓语动词。句子主干为many
people
do
some
activities
every
day，设空处应填非谓语动词，say的逻辑主语是many
people，二者之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
(2020·新高考山东卷)
假定你是李华，
上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，
内容包括：
1．参加人员；
2
跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；
3．活动反响。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右：
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A
Cross?Country
Running
Race
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
A
Cross?Country
Running
Race
Last
Sunday
witnessed
an
extraordinary
cross?country
running
race,
which
nearly
drew
the
attention
of
every
student
and
teacher
of
our
school.
The
students
selected
from
every
class
took
part
in
the
competition.
The
route
measured
five
kilometers,
from
our
school
gate
to
the
foot
of
Nanshan
Mountain.
Every
runner
tried
their
best
to
finish
the
task,
with
their
classmates
along
the
way
giving
them
necessary
help
as
well
as
encouragement.
At
last,
all
the
runners
managed
to
arrive
the
finish
line,
receiving
cheers
from
all
directions.
The
activity
was
highly
spoken
of,
because
not
only
did
it
provide
chance
for
us
to
exercise,
but
also
made
us
more
cohesive.
第二节：(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Little
snow
had
fallen
this
winter.For
Reuven
the
furrier
(皮衣制作工)
it
was
a
bad
year，and
after
long
hesitation
he
decided
to
sell
Zlateh
the
old
goat.The
town
butcher
had
offered
eight
silver
coins
for
the
goat.Reuven
told
his
oldest
boy，Aaron，to
take
the
goat
to
town.Aaron
understood
what
it
meant，but
he
had
to
obey
his
father.His
sisters
cried
loudly.
Aaron
took
along
two
slices
of
bread
to
eat
on
the
road.He
needed
to
deliver
the
goat
by
evening
and
return
the
next
day
with
the
money.While
the
family
said
goodbye，Zlateh
stood
as
patiently
as
ever.Zlateh
trusted
human
beings.
The
sun
was
shining
when
Aaron
left.Suddenly
the
weather
changed，and
after
a
while
it
began
to
snow.Soon
their
path
was
completely
covered
and
Aaron
got
lost.Beneath
the
snow
Aaron's
boots
touched
the
softness
of
a
plowed
field.He
realized
that
he
was
no
longer
on
the
road.Zlateh
bleated
(哀鸣)
as
if
asking
to
be
taken
home.Aaron
looked
around
hoping
to
find
a
farmer
driving
a
sleigh
(雪橇)
along
the
way.But
he
could
see
nothing.
Aaron
knew
that
if
they
did
not
find
shelter，they
would
freeze
to
death.Suddenly
he
made
out
the
shape
of
a
hill.When
he
came
near
it，he
realized
that
it
was
a
large
haystack
(大干草堆)
covered
by
snow.Aaron
knew
that
they
were
saved.When
he
reached
the
hay，he
dug
a
nest
for
himself
and
the
goat.It
was
always
warm
in
the
hay.And
hay
was
food
for
Zlateh.
Zlateh，sat
down
and
seemed
to
have
regained
her
confidence
in
man.Aaron
ate
his
bread，but
after
the
difficult
journey
he
was
still
hungry.He
looked
at
Zlateh
and
realized
that
he
would
not
be
starved
to
death.Goat's
milk
was
sweet.Zlateh
ate
frequently
and
her
body
gave
forth
an
animal
warmth，and
Aaron
hugged
her
tightly.The
snow
fell
for
3
days
and
the
wind
quieted
down.
Paragraph
1：
On
the
morning
of
the
fourth
day，Aaron
heard
the
ringing
of
sleigh
bells.
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Paragraph
2：
The
news
that
Aaron
and
Zlateh
were
coming
up
the
road
was
a
great
joy
in
the
family.
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参考范文：
Paragraph
1：
On
the
morning
of
the
fourth
day,
Aaron
heard
the
ringing
if
sleigh
bells.He
got
out
of
the
haystack,
and
found
that
it
was
not
far
from
the
road.Aaron
shouted
loudly
to
the
peasant
who
drove
the
sleigh
for
help.Finally,
they
were
saved.Aaron
had
made
up
his
mind
in
the
haystack
that
he
would
never
part
with
Zlateh.Therefore,
the
peasant
pointed
out
the
way
to
the
village.Aaron
made
his
way
home
together
with
Zlateh,
his
loyal
friend.
Paragraph
2：
The
news
that
Aaron
and
Zlateh
were
coming
up
the
road
was
a
great
joy
in
the
family.The
whole
family,
including
Aaron's
father,
rushed
out
to
meet
them
in
great
excitement.Aaron
told
them
in
tears
how
he
had
found
the
haystack
and
how
Zlateh
had
fed
him
with
her
milk
in
the
past
few
days.Aaron's
sisters
kissed
and
hugged
Zlateh
and
Aaron's
father
gave
the
goat
a
special
treat
of
chopped
carrots.Nobody
ever
again
thought
of
selling
Zlateh,
who
had
been
an
important
family
member
to
them.
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