Unit2
Let’s
talk
teens
Section
A
【重点陈列】
?
重点词汇
1.nest
n.
鸟窝;巢穴,窝
2.roof
n.
屋顶,顶部
3.teenager
n.
青少年
4.tension
n.紧张关系;紧张;拉伸
5.spot
n.粉刺;斑点;污渍;地点,场所
6.anger
n.
怒气,怒火
7.mental
adj.
思想的,精神的,智力的
8.adult
n.成年人
9.rough
adj.艰难的;粗糙的;不确切的
10.breakdown
n.
(关系)破裂;故障
11.skin
n.皮肤;(兽)皮,毛皮
12.battle
n.&
vt.&
vi.争论;战斗,搏斗;斗争
13.argument
n.争吵,争论;论点
14.anxious
adj.忧虑的,担心的;令人焦虑的;渴望的
15.rate
n.速度;率
vi.&
vt.评价,评估
16.shoot
vi.&
vt.(使朝某方向)冲,奔;射击;射杀;摄影
17.target
n.(攻击的)目标,对象;靶子vt.把……作为攻击目标;面向
18.desire
n.&
vt.渴望,愿望
19.struggle
vi.&
n.奋斗;斗争;搏斗
20.regular
adj.频繁的;有规律的
21.calm
vt.使平静,使镇静
adj.镇静的,沉着的
22.view
n.看法;视线;景色
vt.把……视为;观看
23.concern
n.担心,忧虑;关心
vt.涉及;让(某人)担忧
24.normal
adj.正常的,一般的
n.常态,通常标准
25.stress
n.精神压力,紧张;强调
vt.强调,着重
26.editor
n.主编,编辑;剪辑师
27.argue
vi.争吵,争辩,争论
vt.说理,论证
?
重点短语
1.see
eye
to
eye
with
sb
(on
sth)
(在某事上)与某人看法一致
2.shoot
up快速长高,蹿个儿
3.think
sth
through充分考虑,全盘考虑,想透
4.back
down承认错误,认输
5.calm
down平静,镇静,安静
6.from
one’s
point
of
view
从某人的角度、观点出发
?
重点句式
1.It
can
be
a
big
headache
to
balance
your
developing
mental
needs
too.
2.Unfortunately,your
parents
do
not
always
agree
and
that
makes
you
feel
unhappy.
3.Through
this
kind
of
healthy
discussion,you
will
learn
when
to
back
down
and
when
to
ask
your
parents
to
relax
their
control.
【重点词汇归纳拓展】
1.Does
every
dinner
with
your
parents
seem
to
turn
into
a
battle?
每次和父母一起吃晚餐似乎都会变成一场战争吗?(P16)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中battle用作名词,意为“争论;战斗,搏斗;斗
争”;battle也可用作及物动词和不及物动词,用作不及物动词往往和介词against/with连用。
The
battle
of
Waterloo
was
fought
near
the
Belgian
village
of
Waterloo.
滑铁卢战役是在比利时的小城镇滑铁卢附近打响的。
He
battled
cancer
for
four
years.
他同癌症斗争了四年。
【词汇拓展】
battle
for为了……而斗争
battle
against/with与……作斗争
half
the
battle成功了一半;胜利大有希望
The
two
leaders
are
battling
for
control
of
the
government.
两位领导人正在争夺政府控制权。
2.You
may
feel
anxious
that
you
are
developing
at
a
different
rate
to
your
friends,shooting
up
in
height
or
getting
left
far
behind.
你可能会感到焦虑,因为你的发展速度和你的朋友们不同,身高方面或者突飞猛进,或是被远远抛在后面。(P16)
【词汇精讲1】
rate在本句中用作名词,意为“速度;率”;除此之外还可用作动词,意为“评价,评估”。
At
the
rate
they’re
going,the
work
will
be
finished
by
tomorrow.
以他们目前的速度,工作在明天前可以完成。
How
would
you
rate
it,on
a
scale
from
1
to
10?
从1级到10级,你认为它属于哪一级?
When
students
rate
subjects
according
to
their
importance,the
arts
are
at
the
bottom
of
the
list.
当学生按照学科重要性对科目划分进行评估时,文科被列在最后。
【词汇拓展1】
birth
rate出生率
unemployment
rate
失业率
heart
rate心率
the
success/failure
rate成功率/失败率
at
a
rate
of以……的速度
The
birth
rate
has
risen
a
little
in
recent
years.
近几年出生率略有提高。
New
diet
books
appear
at
a
rate
of
nearly
one
a
week.
饮食方面的新书以几乎每周一本的速度出版。
【词汇精讲2】
shoot单独用表示“(使朝某方向)冲,奔;射击;射杀;摄影”的含义。
shoot
up在本句中是固定词组,意为“快速长高,蹿个儿”,
还可以表示“陡增;猛涨;迅速上升”。
Their
kids
have
shot
up
since
I
last
saw
them.
自从我上次见了他们以后,他们家的几个孩子一下子长高了。
Ticket
prices
shot
up
last
year.
去年票价猛涨。
He
shot
past
me
into
the
house.
他从我身边飞奔过去,跑进屋里。
He
shot
at
the
bird,but
didn’t
shoot
it.
他向那只鸟射击,但是没有射中。
The
movie
was
shot
in
New
Zealand.
这部电影是在新西兰拍摄的。
【词汇拓展2】
shoot
at
sth/sb向……射击
shoot
sth/sb射中
shoot的过去式、过去分词为shot,shot。
shot除了作为shoot的过去式、过去分词,还可以作为名词,意为“射击,枪声;射门,击球”。
Someone
took
a
shot
at
the
car.
有人朝轿车开枪。
3.You
might
worry
about
your
changing
voice,weight
problems
or
spots.
你可能会担心你的声音变化、体重问题或粉刺。(P16)
【词汇精讲】
spot用作名词,意为“粉刺;斑点;污渍;地点,场所”。也可用作动词,意为“发现”。
Many
teenagers
worry
about
their
spots.
很多青少年担心他们的粉刺。
Some
animals,like
leopards,have
spots.
有些动物,比如豹子,身上有斑点。
His
jacket
was
covered
with
spots
of
mud.
他的短上衣满是泥点。
He
sought
out
a
shady
spot
where
he
might
sit
down
and
rest.
他找到了一个可以坐下来休息的阴凉地方。
I
finally
spotted
my
friend
in
the
crowd.
我终于在人群中认出了我的朋友。
【词汇拓展】
on
the
spot马上,当场;在现场
a
white
cat
with
brown
spots带褐色斑点的白猫
a
few
spots
of
blood一些血渍
a
quiet
spot
on
the
beach海滩上一个安静的地方
He
answered
the
question
on
the
spot.
他当场就回答了那个问题。
4.When
it
all
gets
too
much,your
parents
are
often
the
first
targets
of
your
anger.
当这一切让你不堪重负时,父母常常会成为你发泄愤怒的首选目标。(P16)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中,target用作名词,意为“(攻击的)目标,对象;靶子”;也可用作动词,意为“把……作为攻击目标;面向”。
What’s
the
target
audience
of
this
paper?
这份报纸以哪些人为目标读者?
The
magazine
targets
those
who
love
cars.
这份杂志以爱车一族为读者群。
【词汇拓展】
set
a
target确定目标
meet/achieve/reach
a
target完成/达到目标
a
target
area/audience/group目标范围/观众/群体
hit/miss
the
target中/脱靶
target
sth以……为目标
be
targeted
at
目的;旨在;针对
We
set
the
sales
target
at
the
beginning
of
the
year.
我们年初设定了销售目标。
The
program
is
targeted
at
improving
people’s
health.
该节目旨在提高人们的健康水平。
5.You
have
both
a
new
desire
for
independence
and
a
continued
need
for
your
parents’
love
and
support.
你既对独立充满新的渴望,又对父母的爱与支持有不断的需求。(P17)
【词汇精讲】
desire意为“渴望,愿望”,在本句中用作名词,也可用作动词。
His
desire
is
that
he
should
go
to
China
again.
他的愿望是能再次去中国。
We
always
desire
to
live
in
harmony
with
our
neighbours.
我们一向希望和邻居们和睦相处。
We
all
desire
happiness
and
health.
我们都想要幸福和健康。
【词汇拓展】
(1)have
a
desire
to
do
sth=desire
to
do
sth渴望做某事
have
a
desire
for=desire
for渴望
desire
that
sb(should)
do
sth渴望某人做某事
(2)desired
adj.要求的;想要的
the
desired
effect预期的效果
Anna
has
a
desire
to
travel.
安娜渴望去旅游。
They
had
little
desire
for
money.
他们对金钱没有什么欲望。
6.On
the
other
hand,when
you
are
struggling
to
control
your
feelings,you
wish
they
could
be
more
caring
and
patient...
另一方面,当你努力想控制自己的情感时,你希望他们能更加体贴和有耐心……(P17)
【词汇精讲】
struggle
vi.&
n.斗争;奋斗;搏斗句中的struggle是动词,意为“斗争”。
The
struggle
between
the
two
teams
was
hard.
这两个队之间的斗争很激烈。
The
old
man
has
struggled
with
sickness
for
a
few
months.
数月来老人一直在与疾病作斗争。
The
wounded
soldier
struggled
in
the
forest.
受伤的士兵在森林中艰难地行进。
【词汇拓展】
struggle
for
为……而斗争
struggle
with/against
sb/sth与……作斗争
struggle
to
do
sth努力做某事
struggle
to
one’s
feet挣扎着站起来
Mandela
struggled
for
the
right
of
the
blacks
all
his
life.
曼德拉为争取黑人的权利而奋斗终生。
Mary
struggled
to
lift
the
heavy
basket.
玛丽努力要把那沉重的篮子提起来。
7....sometimes
they
forget
that
growing
up
is
a
rough
ride.
……有时候他们忘记了成长是一段艰难的旅程。(P17)
【词汇精讲】
rough用作形容词,意为“艰难的;粗糙的;不确切的”,还可表示“汹涌的,风浪很大的”。
The
skin
on
her
hands
was
hard
and
rough.
她手上的皮肤粗糙而没有弹性。
This
is
a
rough
problem.
这是个棘手的问题。
It
was
too
rough
to
sail
that
night.
那天夜里风浪太大,无法行船。
【词汇拓展】
rough
ground高低不平的地面
a
rough
idea大体知道
roughly
adv.大体上
I’ve
got
a
rough
idea
of
where
I
want
to
go.
我大致知道我想去哪里了。
He
knew
roughly
what
was
about
to
be
said.
他大致知道该说些什么。
8.When
you
disagree
with
your
parents,take
a
minute
to
calm
down
and
try
to
understand
the
situation
from
their
point
of
view.
当你和父母意见相左时,花点时间冷静下来,试着从他们的角度去理解情况。(P17)
【词汇精讲1】
calm
adj.镇静的;沉着的
vt.使平静;使镇静。在本句中,calm意为“使平静;使镇静”。
Have
a
brandy
and
it’ll
help
to
calm
you
down.
来点儿白兰地能使你静下来。
In
the
face
of
great
danger,it’s
important
to
keep
calm.
在危险面前,保持镇静很重要。
【词汇拓展1】
calm
oneself
使自己镇静
calm
sb
使某人镇静下来
calm
down安静下来
stay/keep/remain
calm保持镇静
Though
he
was
very
angry,he
tried
hard
to
calm
himself.
尽管他很气愤,他努力使自己平静下来。
The
baby
was
crying
and
the
mother
was
trying
her
best
to
calm
him.
婴儿在哭,妈妈正在想尽办法使他安静下来。
You’d
better
calm
down,or
else
you
will
get
into
trouble.
你最好冷静一点,不然你就有麻烦了。
【词汇辨析】
单词
辨析
calm
“平静的;沉着的”,特指人的情绪,有时也指(海、湖、河)水和天气等风平浪静
quiet
“安静的;宁静的”,指无噪音、吵闹或心境平静
still
“静止的,不动的”,指没有运动的一种状态
silent
“寂静的,不出声的;不发表意见的”,指无声或不讲话
【词汇精讲2】
view在本句中用作名词,意为“看法;视线;景色”,也可用作动词,意为“把……视为;观看”。
from
one’s
point
of
view
意为“从某人的角度/观点出发”。
What
are
your
views
on
compulsory
education?
你对义务教育有什么看法?
Thousands
of
tourists
come
to
view
the
gardens
every
year.
每年有成千上万的游客来参观这些花园。
I
want
a
room
with
a
sea
view.
我想要一个能看海景的房间。
From
my
point
of
view,the
president
hasn’t
done
enough
to
help
poor
people.
在我看来,总统在帮助穷人方面做得还不够。
【词汇拓展2】
view...as...把……视为……
be
viewed
as被视为
in
view
of鉴于;由于
in
one’s
view在某人看来
get/have
a
good
view
of...观看……视野很好
I
viewed
her
as
my
best
friend.
我把她当成我最好的朋友。
From
the
top
of
the
tower
you
will
have
a
good
view
of
the
city.
从塔顶看这个城市视野很好。
【微写作】
Jane
Elizabeth
was
born
in
the
countryside
of
England
where
the
view
is
amazing.At
that
time
marrying
well
was
viewed
as
the
only
goal
of
girls.However,the
view
of
Jane
Elizabeth
is
different
and
she
loves
reading
and
marries
love.This
is
the
brief
story
of
Pride
and
Prejudice,which
is
viewed
as
a
great
work
and
still
viewed
by
people
all
over
the
world,not
only
the
book,but
also
the
film.
简·伊丽莎白出生于英格兰的乡村,那里风景如画。在那个时期,嫁得好被看作是女孩唯一的目标。然而,伊丽莎白的观点是不同的。
她喜欢读书,最终嫁给了爱情。这就是《傲慢与偏见》的故事梗概。这本书被认为是一部伟大的作品,现在全世界的人们还在看这部作
品,不管是书还是电影。
9.After
you
have
thought
it
through,explain
your
actions
and
feelings
calmly,listen
carefully,and
address
their
concerns.
在你全面考虑之后,冷静地解释你的行为和感受,仔细倾听,并消除他们的顾虑。(P17)
【词汇精讲】
concern在本句中用作名词,意为“担心,忧虑;关心”;concern还可用作动词,意为“涉及;让(某人)担忧”。
Food
safety
has
caused
a
few
concerns.
食品安全引起了一些担忧。
As
the
world’s
population
continues
to
grow,more
and
more
show
concern
for
the
supply
of
food.
随着世界人口的持续增加,食物供应越来越受人们关注。
This
meeting
concerns
all
of
you.
这次会议涉及你们所有的人。
His
disease
concerned
his
parents.
他的病让他的父母很担心。
【词汇拓展】
show
concern
for对……关注
as
far
as
sb/sth
be
concerned就……而言;在……看来
be
concerned
about/for担心;关心
concerning
prep.关于
As
far
as
today
is
concerned
I
do
not
think
they
can
do
it
well.
就现今而言,我觉得他们还做不好。
He
heard
nothing
concerning
this
matter.
关于这件事他什么都没听到。
We
are
all
concerned
about
his
health.
我们都非常关心他的健康。
10.Just
remember
that
it
is
completely
normal
to
struggle
with
the
stress
that
parent-child
tensions
create,and
that
you
and
your
parents
can
work
together
to
improve
your
relationship.
只要记住,无法轻松应对亲子关系紧张带来的压力是完全正常的,并且你和父母可以共同努力,改善关系。(P17)
【词汇精讲1】
normal在本句中用作形容词,意为“正常的,一般的”;normal还可用作名词,意为“常态,通常标准”。
Her
temperature
is
normal.
她的体温正常。
He
should
be
able
to
live
a
normal
life.
他应该能够过上正常的生活。
【词汇拓展1】
(1)return
to
normal恢复正常
below/above
normal低于/高于正常标准
(2)abnormal
adj.不正常的
normally
adv.通常,平常
Normally
he
gets
up
at
7
o’clock.
他通常7点起床。
Her
heart
is
beating
normally.
她心跳正常。
The
rainfall
has
been
below
normal
for
this
time
of
year.
这个时期的降雨量低于一年中这个时期的平均值。
It
will
take
a
long
time
before
the
people’s
life
returns
to
normal
in
the
disaster
area.
要过很长时间灾区人民的生活才会恢复正常。
【词汇精讲2】
stress在本句中用作名词,意为“精神压力,紧张”,还可以表示“强调”;也可以用作动词,意为“强调,着重”。
Things
can
easily
go
wrong
when
people
are
under
stress.
人在压力之下,做事就容易出差错。
We
have
learned
pronunciation,stress
and
intonation.
我们学习了读音、重音和语调。
He
stressed
the
importance
of
good
education.
他强调接受良好教育的重要性。
You
should
stress
the
first
syllable.
你应该重读第一个音节。
【词汇拓展2】
stressed
adj.焦虑不安的;心力交瘁的
stressful
adj.压力重的;紧张的
He
was
feeling
stressed
and
tired.
他感到十分焦虑,疲惫不堪。
It
was
a
stressful
time
for
all
of
us.
对于我们所有人来说,那都是一段高压时期。
11.Recently
we
have
argued
with
each
other
a
great
deal.
最近我们彼此争论得很厉害。(P19)
【词汇精讲】
句中的argue是不及物动词,意为“争论,辩论,说服”,常与介词about或with搭配。
I’m
not
going
to
argue
with
you,but
I
think
you’re
wrong.
我不想与你争辩,但是我认为你错了。
She
argued
with
him.
她和他争论。
They
argued
with
each
other
about
the
best
place
for
a
holiday.
他们为最佳的度假地点而争论。
【词汇拓展】
argument
n.争论,辩论;论据
arguable
adj.可论证的;可疑的
argue
with
sb
about/over
sth与某人争论某事
argue
sb
into
doing
sth说服某人做某事/接受某种意见
argue
sb
out
of
doing
sth说服某人不做某事/打消某种念头
argue
against
反驳
argue
for
赞同;主张
have
an
argument
with
sb
about/over
sth与某人争论某事
We
tried
many
ways
to
argue
him
into
accepting
our
advice,but
in
vain.
我们尝试了很多办法劝说他接受我们的建议,但都是徒劳。
The
teacher
argued
her
out
of
throwing
away
the
good
opportunity.
老师劝她不要放弃这个好机会。
Many
experts
argue
for
the
ban
of
riding
motorcycles
in
the
city.
许多专家主张禁止在城市中骑摩托车。
【重点句式归纳拓展】
1.It
can
be
a
big
headache
to
balance
your
developing
mental
needs
too.
平衡你正在发育的精神需求也是一个很大的问题。(P16)
【句式剖析】
在这个句子中,It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语to
balance
your
developing
mental
needs。
It
is
not
difficult
to
translate
this
article.
翻译这篇文章不难。
It
is
dangerous
for
a
new
driver
to
drive
on
the
icy
road.
对于一个新手司机来说,在这样结冰的路面上开车很危险。
It
is
necessary
for
students
to
read
more
classic
literature.
学生有必要多读一些经典文学。
It
is
a
struggle
for
him
to
learn
English
well.
对他来说学好英语不容易。
【句式拓展】
(1)It
is/was+adj.(+for
sb)+to
do
sth句型,意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”。It为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,此句型中常见的形容词有necessary,important,easy,difficult,hard,dangerous,possible,impossible
等表示事物的属性、性质的词。
(2)“It
is+adj.+of
sb+to
do
sth”表示“某人做某事真是太……了”。此句型中的形容词一般是描述人的品质的,例如good,kind,nice,polite,clever,foolish,stupid,lazy,careful,careless,brave,c
ruel,honest,naughty,rude等。
It
is
difficult
for
me
to
finish
the
work
on
time.
对我来说,按时完成这项工作很难。
It
is
clever
of
you
to
work
out
the
maths
problem.
你真聪明,能解出来这道数学题。
2.Unfortunately,your
parents
do
not
always
agree
and
that
makes
you
feel
unhappy.
不幸的是,你的父母并不总是同意,这让你感到不开心。(P17)
【句式剖析】
这是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,省略to的不定式feel
unhappy作宾语补足语。make作使役动词时,后面一般接复合宾语。
The
smell
of
cooking
makes
me
hungry.
烧菜的味道令我感到饥饿。
The
Internet
makes
our
life
and
work
more
convenient.
互联网使我们的生活和工作更方便了。
These
developments
are
likely
to
make
our
current
problems
much
worse.
这些发展可能会使我们目前的问题更加严重。
【句式拓展】
make+宾语+名词
make+宾语+省略to的不定式
make+宾语+动词-ing形式
make+宾语+过去分词
make+宾语+介词短语
He
has
made
it
a
rule
to
get
up
early.
他已养成了早起的习惯。
She
made
her
children
wash
their
hands
before
eating.
她要孩子们在吃东西前洗手。
The
speaker
raised
his
voice
in
order
to
make
himself
heard.
发言人提高了嗓音以便别人能听到他说的话。
He
makes
everything
in
his
room
in
good
order.
他房间的一切都井井有条。
【名师点津】
若此句型中作宾语补足语的名词为表示职位或头衔的名词,此名词前不加任何冠词;省略to的不定式作宾语补足语时,变为被动语态后,
不定式须带to。
Children
should
be
made
to
understand
the
importance
of
saving
water.
应该让孩子们懂得节约用水的重要性。
3.Through
this
kind
of
healthy
discussion,you
will
learn
when
to
back
down
and
when
to
ask
your
parents
to
relax
their
control.
通过这种健康的讨论,你将学会什么时候该让步,什么时候该让父母放松他们的控制。(P17)
【句式剖析】
在本句中,when
to
back
down
and
when
to
ask
your
parents
to
relax
their
control是“疑问词+不定式”结构,作learn的宾语,此外,“疑问词+
不定式”结构还可在句中作主语或表语。
When
to
start
has
not
been
decided.
尚未决定何时动身。
I
don’t
know
what
to
do.
我不知道该做些什么。
The
difficulty
was
how
to
cross
the
river.
问题在于如何过河。
【句式归纳】
(1)whether和疑问词who
(whom),what,which,when,where,how后可接不定式,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。其后通常接这种结构的动词有consider,decide,know,learn,wonder等。
(2)“疑问词+不定式”可转化为“疑问词+句子”。
I
don’t
know
what
to
do.?I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do.
我不知道该做什么。
(3)有些动词,如ask,show,teach等,可以先接宾语,再接“疑问词+不定式”结构。
Did
you
tell
him
how
to
go
there?
你告诉他怎样去那儿了吗?Unit2
Let’s
talk
teens
Section
B
【重点陈列】
?
重点词汇
1.youth
adj.青年时期;青春;年轻人
2.adventure
n.冒险,冒险经历,奇遇
3.flexible
adj.灵活的,可变动的;柔韧的
4.performance
n.表现;表演;执行,履行
5.eager
adj.热切的,渴望的,渴求的
6.design
vt.设计;制订
n.设计;设计艺术
7.
expert
n.专家,行家adj.熟练的,内行的,专家的
8.
likely
adj.可能的,预料的,有希望的
9.press
vt.&
vi.催促,逼迫;按,压;挤,推
n.报章杂志,报刊;新闻工作者,新闻界
10.kangaroo
n.
袋鼠
11.forum
n.
论坛,讨论会
12.unique
adj.
独一无二的;独特的;独具的,特有的
13.passive
adj.
消极的,被动的
?
重点短语
1.care
about;在乎
2.in
one’s
spare
time在某人的空闲时间
3.cheer
up
(使)变得高兴,振奋起来
4.leave
alone别打扰;别管
5.be
eager
for
渴望
6.mental
and
physical
health
身心健康
7.improve
one’s
situation改善某人的处境
8.be
strict
with对……严格要求
9.be
on
sb’s
back
about
sth
缠磨,烦扰
【重点词汇归纳拓展】
1.It
is
likely
that
the
matter
has
already
been
discussed
on
our
forum.
这个问题很可能已经在我们的论坛上讨论过了。(P20)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中,likely用作形容词,意为“可能的,预料的,有希望的”。
I
shall
very
likely
be
here
again
next
month.
下个月我很可能再来这儿。
He
is
late.The
most
likely
explanation
is
that
he
was
stuck
in
the
traffic
jam.
他迟到了,最有可能的解释就是他路上堵车了。
【词汇拓展】
be
likely
to
do
sth有可能做某事
It
is/was
likely
that...很有可能……
not
likely不可能
unlikely
adj.不可能的
The
project
seemed
unlikely
to
succeed.
这个项目似乎不可能成功。
She
is
likely
to
ring
me
tonight.=It
is
likely
that
she
will
ring
me
tonight.
她今晚可能给我打电话。
2.So,we
have
designed
TeenHealthWeb
to
help
you
along
the
journey
to
adulthood.
因此,我们设计了青少年健康网,以帮助您健康成长。(P20)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中design用作动词,意为“设计;制订”。它也可用作名词,意为“设计;设计艺术”。
The
car
is
very
modern
in
design.
这车子的设计很现代。
Linda
designs
all
her
own
dresses.
琳达设计她自己的所有衣服。
Mother
has
designed
the
future
for
her
son.
母亲已给她的儿子筹划好了未来。
【词汇拓展】
(1)design
sth
to
do
sth为了做……而设计……
be
designed
for为……而设计
(2)designer
n.设计师
The
method
is
designed
for
use
in
small
groups.
这方法是专为小组活动设计的。
She
was
dressed
by
a
leading
New
York
designer.
她穿着纽约杰出设计师设计的服装。
The
programme
is
designed
to
help
people
who
have
been
out
of
work
for
a
long
time.
设计这个活动的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。
3.Cheer
up,Teresa.振作点,特蕾莎。(P21)
【词汇精讲】
cheer
up是固定词组,意为“(使)变得高兴,振奋起来”。
He
cheered
up
at
the
thought
of
going
to
the
adventure
playground.
他一想到要去冒险乐园,就高兴了起来。
【词汇拓展】
(1)cheer
sb
on
(尤指在比赛中)为某人加油
(2)cheerful
adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的
Her
cheerful
spirits
and
laughter
infect
the
whole
class.
她那快乐的情绪和笑声感染了全班。
She
did
her
best
to
cheer
him
on
when
he
was
about
to
give
up.
当他快要放弃时她尽力给他打气。
4.Right
now,it’s
just
making
you
anxious
and
having
a
bad
influence
on
your
performance.
现在,这只会让你感到焦虑,并对你的表现产生不良影响。(P21)
【词汇精讲】
本句中performance用作名词,意为“表现”;还可以表示“表演;执行,履行”。
He
praised
his
team
for
their
performance.
他称赞了各队员的表现。
He
was
devoted
in
the
performance
of
his
official
duties.
他专心履行公务。
She
gave
the
greatest
performance
of
her
career.
她做了演艺生涯中最精彩的表演。
【词汇拓展】
perform
vt.表演;演出;表现;做;执行;履行
performer
n.表演者
perform
magic
tricks表演魔术
perform
an
experiment/a
ceremony做实验/举行仪式
perform
an
operation做手术
perform
well/badly表现好/差
perform
a
task执行任务
perform
an
important
role
in在……发挥重要作用
A
computer
can
perform
many
tasks
at
the
same
time.
电脑能同时做多项工作。
This
operation
has
never
been
performed
in
this
country.
这个国家从未做过这种手术。
5.I’m
eager
for
my
parents’
love.
我渴望父母的爱。(P22)
【词汇精讲】
eager用作形容词,意为“热切的,渴望的,渴求的”。
The
boys
listened
to
my
story
with
eager
attention.
男孩们以热切的心情倾听我的故事。
She
is
eager
for
her
parents
to
buy
a
doll
for
her.
她盼望父母给她买一个洋娃娃。
【词汇拓展】
be
eager
for
sth渴望某物
be
eager
to
do
sth渴望做某事
eagerly
adv.渴望地;急切地
The
man
on
the
wall
looked
eagerly
toward
the
sea.
城墙上的那个人急切地向大海张望。
He
is
eager
for
the
teacher’s
praise.
他渴望得到老师的赞许。
The
saleswoman
in
the
shop
is
eager
to
please
everybody.
商店里的那个女售货员渴望每个人都满意。
The
company
is
eager
to
expand
into
new
markets.
那家公司急欲开辟新的市场。
6.When
we’re
at
home,she
keeps
pressing
me
to
study
all
the
time.
我们在家的时候,她总是催着我学习。(P22)
【词汇精讲】
press在本句中用作动词,意为“催促,逼迫”,还可表示“按,
压;挤,推”。
此外,press还可用作名词,意为“报章杂志,报刊”。
the
press
意为“新闻工作者,新闻界”。
If
you
press
the
button,the
machine
will
start.
如果你按这个按钮的话,机器就会发动。
The
bank
is
pressing
us
to
pay
off
the
loan.
银行在催我们还款。
The
story
was
reported
in
the
press.
这个故事在媒体上进行了报道。
The
doctor
pressed
the
little
boy’s
chest
hard
to
help
him
breathe
again.
为了帮助他能够重新呼吸,这位医生使劲地按压这个小男孩的胸部。
【词汇拓展】
press
v.按,压→pressure
n.压力(近义词stress)
express
v.表达→expression
n.表达;表情;词组
impress
vt.打动;留下印象→impression
n.印象
Nowadays
many
young
people
are
under
great
pressure
and
often
stays
up.
如今很多年轻人压力很大,常常熬夜。
【语法归纳】
英语中的句子有三大类:简单句、并列句和复合句。
一、简单句
由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。
They
are
playing
baseball
in
the
park.
他们正在公园里打棒球。
Her
brother
and
sister
are
both
teachers.
她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。
二、并列句
两个或两个以上由并列连词连在一起的简单句称为并列句。常用的并列连词有:
1.连接两个同等概念,常用and,not
only...but
also...,neither...nor...等。
例如:
The
teacher’s
name
is
Bob,and
the
student’s
name
is
John.
这个老师叫鲍勃,这个学生叫约翰。
2.表示转折,常用的连词有but,yet,while等。
例如:
He
was
a
little
man
with
thick
glasses,but
he
had
a
strange
way
of
making
his
classes
lively
and
interesting.
他个子矮小,戴着厚厚的眼镜,但他却能用一种奇特的方法使他的课生动有趣。
3.表示选择,常用的连词有or,either...or...等。
例如:
Shall
we
go
out
to
the
cinema
or
shall
we
stay
at
home?
我们是出去看电影还是留在家里?
4.表示因果,常用的连词有so,for等。
例如:
August
is
the
time
of
the
year
for
rice
harvest,so
every
day
I
work
from
dawn
until
dark.
八月份是一年中水稻收获的季节,因此每天我都从早忙到晚。
三、复合句
1.概念:复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。从句通常由关联词引导,关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。
2.分类:按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。前四种从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词,统称为名词性从句。
(1)主语从句
How
much
income
we
can
expect
this
year
is
not
yet
known.
我们今年能有多少收入还不知道。
Who
will
go
is
not
important.
谁会去并不重要。
(2)宾语从句
Scientists
explain
that
the
outside
of
the
earth
is
made
of
a
number
of
different
plates.
科学家解释说,地球的表层是由许多不同的板块构成的。
(3)表语从句
The
answer
is
that
he
is
one
of
the
top
three
physicists
in
his
particular
field.
答案是在他的特殊领域里,他是三位顶尖的物理学家之一。
(4)状语从句
Listen
and
be
quiet
while
others
are
talking!
在别人说话时要听着,保持安静!
Go
back
where
you
come
from.
回到你来的地方去。
You
can
tell
me
if
you
need
help.
如果你需要帮助,你就告诉我。
(5)定语从句
The
man
who
is
shaking
hands
with
my
father
is
a
policeman.
正和我父亲握手的那个人是个警察。
A
dictionary
is
a
book
which
gives
the
meaning
of
words.
词典是解释词语意思的书。
This
is
the
place
where
my
mother
was
born.
这是我母亲出生的地方。
(6)同位语从句
The
hope
that
he
may
recover
is
not
gone
yet.
他会康复的希望没有消失。Unit2
Let’s
talk
teens
Section
C
【重点陈列】
?
重点词汇
1.secure
adj.安心的;可靠的;牢固的
2.graduate
vi.&
vt.毕业
n.毕业生
3.gather
vi.聚集,召集
vt.收拢;搜集,收集;聚集
4.volunteer
vi.&
vt.自愿做,义务做
n.志愿者
5.figure
n.数字;人物;体型,身材
6.lap
n.大腿部
7.teller
n.出纳员;叙述者
8.scene
n.(戏剧等)场;场面,片段;地点,现场;景象,风光
9.flat
n.公寓
adj.平坦的;瘪了的
10.rent
n.租金
vi.&
vt.租用;出租
11.account
n.账户;描述;解释vt.认为是,视为
12.grocery
n.
食品杂货;食品杂货店
13.emergency
n.
突发事件,紧急情况
14.pipe
n.烟斗;管子;管乐器
15.downtown
adv.在市中心,往市中心
16.operation
n.手术;运转,操作
17.response
n.回复;反应,响应
?
重点短语
1.count
out数出
2.write
down
写下
3.depend
upon依赖;依靠
4.
draw
sth
out
of
sth
提取,支取
5.look
up向上看;抬头
6.graduate
from毕业于
7.give
up
smoking
戒烟
?
重点句式
Whatever
happened,we
always
knew
we
still
had
the
Bank
to
depend
upon.
【重点词汇归纳拓展】
1.For
the
rent.用于付房租。(P25)
【词汇精讲】
rent在本句中用作名词,意为“租金”。rent还可用作动词,意为“租用;出租”。
How
much
rent
do
you
pay
for
this
place?
你租这个地方的租金是多少?
【词汇拓展】
rent
sb
sth=rent
(out)
sth
to
sb把某物租给某人
rent
sth
from
sb
租用某人某物
rent
for租金为……
for
rent出租;招租
The
house
is
for
rent.
这个房子正在招租。
The
apartment
rents
for
$500
a
month.
这套公寓每月租金为500美元。
He
agreed
to
rent
me
the
room.=He
agreed
to
rent(out)
the
room
to
me.
他同意把这个房间租给我。
He
rented
the
room
from
his
friend.
他从朋友那里租的这个房间。
2.Mama
and
Her
Bank
Account
妈妈和她的银行账户(P25)
【词汇精讲】
account在本句中用作名词,意为“账户”;还可表示“描述;解释”。用作动词表示“认为是,视为”。
The
event
was
accounted
a
success.
人们认为这次活动是成功的。
I’ve
opened
an
account
with
that
bank.
我在那家银行开了一个账户。
Can
you
account
for
your
movements
on
that
night?
你能解释一下你那天晚上的行踪吗?
【词汇拓展】
open/close
an
account开立/结清账户
give
an
account
of描述
account
for是……的原因;解释;(数量上、比例上)占
Students
account
for
the
majority
of
our
customers.
我们的顾客大多数是学生。
He
was
too
shocked
to
give
an
account
of
what
had
happened
on
the
spot.
他震惊得无法描述现场所发生的事情。
She
couldn’t
account
for
her
following
me.
她无法解释跟踪我的原因。
The
bad
weather
may
have
accounted
for
the
delay.
天气不好可能是这次延误的原因。
3.When
Nels
graduated
from
grammar
school,he
wanted
to
go
on
to
high
school.
尼尔斯从文法学校毕业后,他想继续读高中。(P25)
【词汇精讲】
graduate在本句中用作动词,意为“毕业”;也可用作名词,意为“毕业生”。
He
is
a
graduate
of
Peking
University.
他是北京大学的一名毕业生。
【词汇拓展】
(1)graduate
from
毕业于
a
graduate
of
的毕业生
(2)graduation
n.毕业;毕业典礼
Will
you
come
to
my
graduation?
你来参加我的毕业典礼吗?
I
have
been
working
here
since
graduation.
自从毕业后我一直在这儿工作。
She
graduated
from
Peking
University
with
a
degree
in
history.
她毕业于北京大学并获得历史学学位。
4.It
gave
us
such
a
warm,secure
feeling.
它给了我们如此温暖和安全的感觉。(P25)
【词汇精讲】
secure在本句中用作形容词,意为“安心的;可靠的;牢固的”。
It’s
not
a
very
secure
way
to
make
a
living.
以此谋生终非长久之计。
At
last
they
were
able
to
feel
secure
about
the
future.
他们终于觉得不必为将来而担忧了。
【词汇拓展】
security
n.安全;保护措施;保护;保障
for
security
reasons
出于安全考虑
job/financial
security工作/经济保障
airport/hotel
security机场/旅馆的安全措施
a
sense
of
security安全感
For
security
reasons,no
strangers
were
admitted.
出于安全考虑,不允许陌生人入内。
With
his
parents,the
boy
felt
a
sense
of
security.
和父母在一起,那个男孩有一种安全感。
5.“I
will
work
in
Dillon’s
grocery
after
school,”
Nels
volunteered.
“
放学后我将在迪伦的杂货店工作,”内尔斯自告奋勇地说。(P25)
【词汇精讲】
volunteer在本句中用作动词,意为“自愿做,义务做”,还可用作名词,意为“志愿者”。
Aunt
Mary
volunteered
to
clean
up
the
kitchen.
玛丽姨妈自愿打扫厨房。
Schools
need
volunteers
to
help
children
to
read.
学校需要义务工作者帮助儿童阅读。
He
volunteered
for
the
army
in
1939.
他在1939年自愿参军。
We
need
some
volunteers
to
rescue
the
trapped
workers.
我们需要一些志愿者来营救被困工人。
【词汇拓展】
(1)volunteer
to
do
sth自愿做某事
volunteer
for
sth自愿做某事
(2)voluntary
adj.自愿的;志愿的
Jill
volunteered
to
organise
the
party.
吉尔自告奋勇组织这次聚会。
I
do
some
voluntary
work
at
the
local
hospital.
我在当地医院从事一些义务性工作。
He
volunteered
for
the
hard
work.
他自愿做这苦差事。
6.Eagerly
we
gathered
around
the
table.
我们急切地围坐在桌旁。(P25)
【词汇精讲】
gather用作不及物动词,意为“聚集,召集”,还可用作及物动词,意为“收拢;搜集,收集;聚集”。
Gather
round,everyone,so
that
you
can
see
the
screen.
大家都聚过来,好看到屏幕。
A
crowd
soon
gathered.
很快就聚集起了一群人。
【词汇拓展】
gather
in收割,收获
gather
speed/force加快速度/加大力量
gather
together聚集起来,合拢
gather
round/around聚集,集合
In
the
evenings,we
gathered
around
the
fireplace
and
talked.
晚上,我们聚在壁炉旁聊天。
The
bicycle
gathered
speed
as
it
went
down
the
hill.
下山时自行车速度越来越快。
7.Mama
reached
across
the
table
and
touched
Papa’s
arm.Then
she
wrote
down
another
figure.
妈妈将手伸到餐桌对面,碰了下爸爸的胳膊。然后她写下了另一个数字。(P25)
【词汇精讲】
figure在本句中用作名词,意为“数字”,还可表示“人物;体型,身材;身影”。
用作动词时常用于短语figure
out中。
It’s
important
for
the
figures
to
be
updated
regularly.
定期更新数据很重要。
Tsinghua
University,founded
in
1911,is
home
to
a
great
number
of
outstanding
figures.
清华大学创建于1911年,从那里走出了一大批杰出的人物。
She
is
always
watching
her
figure.
她一直注意保持身材。
I
saw
a
tall
figure
in
black.
我看到一个黑衣高个子身影。
8.Christine’s
dress
for
the
school
play,my
little
sister
Dagmar’s
operation...
克莉丝汀为学校演出穿的衣服,我妹妹达格玛的手术……(P26)
【词汇精讲】
operation在本句中意为“手术”,还可以表示“运转,操作”。
He
had
a
three-hour
heart
operation.
他做了一台三个小时的心脏手术。
The
plane’s
engine
operation
is
abnormal.
飞机的引擎运转不正常。
Operation
of
the
device
is
extremely
simple.
这个装置的操作非常简单。
【词汇拓展】
operate
v.做手术;运行;运转;操作
operate
on给……做手术
We
will
have
to
operate
on
his
eyes.
我们得给他的眼睛做手术。
Solar
panels
can
only
operate
in
sunlight.
太阳能电池板只能在日光下起作用。
What
skills
are
needed
to
operate
this
machine?
操作这台机器需要什么技能?
9.He
waits
for
a
response
but
doesn’t
get
one.
他等待回应,但没有得到回应。(P27)
【词汇精讲】
response用作名词,意为“回复;反应,响应”。
I
asked
him
his
name,but
he
didn’t
make
a
response
to
my
question.
I
asked
him
his
name,but
he
made
no
response
to
my
question.
我问他他的名字,但是他没回答。
【词汇拓展】
(1)make
a/no
response
to对……做出/未做回应
in
response
to
对……做出回应
(2)respond
vi.回答;作出反应
respond
to对……做出回应
She
never
responded
to
my
letter.
她从来没给我回过信。
The
product
was
developed
in
response
to
customer
demand.
该产品是根据客户需求开发的。
When
asked
about
the
company’s
future,the
director
responded
that
he
remained
optimistic.
问到公司的未来,总监回答说他依然乐观。
10.Stage
directions,written
in
italics,are
often
given
at
the
start
of
a
new
act/scene
to
tell
the
reader
when
and
where
the
play
is
set.
舞台指导用斜体书写,通常在一个新的一幕/场开始时给出读者情节设定的时间和地点。(P27)
【词汇精讲】
scene在本句中意为“(戏剧等)场;场面,片段”,还可表示“地点,现场;景象,风光”。
The
sunrise
was
a
beautiful
scene.
日出是美景。
The
first
scene
of
the
play
is
the
king’s
palace.
剧中的第一个场景是王宫。
【词汇拓展】
the
scene
of
the
accident/attack/crime
事故/袭击/犯罪现场
at/on
the
scene在现场;到现场
scenery
n.[U]自然美景
Firefighters
were
on
the
scene
immediately.
消防队员立刻赶到现场。
The
island
offers
such
a
wide
variety
of
scenery
and
wildlife.
这座岛屿有如此丰富多样的景色和野生动植物。
Her
fingerprints
match
those
found
at
the
scene
of
the
crime.
她的指纹与犯罪现场的指纹相吻合。
【重点句式归纳拓展】
Whatever
happened,we
always
knew
we
still
had
the
Bank
to
depend
upon.
无论发生什么事,我们都知道我们仍有银行可以依靠。(P26)
【句式剖析】
whatever引导让步状语从句,意为“无论什么”,相当于no
matter
what。
You
should
keep
calm
whatever
happens.
无论发生什么事情,你都应该保持镇静。
Whatever
you
want
to
chat
about,we’ll
do
it
tonight.
不管你想聊些什么,我们今晚聊个够。
【句式拓展】
no
matter
how无论如何(however)
no
matter
who无论谁
(whoever)
no
matter
where无论哪里(wherever)
no
matter
when无论何时(whenever)
No
matter
where
you
are,you
should
be
kind!
不论你在哪,你都应该善良!
No
matter
how
well
you
know
this
city,it
is
easy
to
get
lost.
不论你多么熟悉这座城市,都容易迷路。
I’ll
find
the
person
who
did
this,no
matter
who
he
is.
我要找出干这件事的人,不管他是谁。
No
matter
when
he
arrives,we
will
wait
for
him.
不管他什么时候到达,我们都会等他。
【写作指导】
如何写好有关亲子关系的建议信
针对青少年成长中的困惑和问题,你校校报开展征文活动。
假定你是李华,请你写一篇短文投稿。
要点如下:
1.给父母的建议;
2.给孩子的建议。注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
一、审题定调
1.确定体裁:本单元的写作任务是写有关亲子关系的建议信。所以写作的关键是用合适的句式表达中肯有效的建议。
2.确定人称:本文的主要人称为第三人称。
3.确定时态:由于本文是建议信,记述的是现在或将来的事情,所以时态以一般现在时和将来时为主。
二、谋篇布局
为使文章连贯通顺,习作内容应包括以下三个方面:
1.和谐亲子关系的关键;
2.给父母的建议;
3.给孩子的建议;希望自己的建议有效。
三、组织语言
1.核心词汇
disagreement
意见不一致
listen
to
children’s
ideas倾听孩子的想法
parent-children
relationship亲子关系
understanding
and
respect理解和尊重
exchange
ideas
with
parents和父母交换意见
the
gap
between
parents
and
children父母和孩子之间的差距
treat
their
children
as
independent
individual把孩子当作独立的个体
2.高级句式
Parents
cannot
put
their
ideas
on
their
children.
父母不能把自己的想法强加给孩子。
They
should
treat
their
children
as
an
independent
individual.
他们应该把孩子当作独立的个体来对待。
A
good
parent-children
relationship
should
be
set
up
on
understanding
and
respect.
要在理解和尊重的基础上建立良好的亲子关系。
It
is
advisable
for
the
parents
to
learn
to
listen
to
children’s
ideas
and
encourage
them
to
think
on
their
own
rather
than
decide
everything
for
the
children.
父母应该学会倾听孩子的想法,鼓励他们独立思考,而不是为孩子做每一个决定。
On
the
other
hand,children
should
listen
to
their
parents’
advice.
另一方面,孩子应该听从父母的建议。
Always
keep
one
thing
in
mind—whatever
they
do
comes
from
their
love
for
us.
永远记住一件事——无论他们做什么,都来自他们对我们的爱。
Try
to
be
understanding
when
there
is
disagreement
with
parents.
当与父母意见不一致时,试着去理解。
It
is
necessary
for
children
to
exchange
ideas
with
parents
from
time
to
time
so
that
the
gap
between
parents
and
children
will
be
narrowed.
为了缩小父母和孩子之间的间隙,孩子们需要不时地和父母交换意见。
四、连句成文
A
good
parent-children
relationship
should
be
set
up
on
understanding
and
respect.Parents
cannot
put
their
ideas
on
their
children.They
should
treat
their
children
as
an
independent
individual.It
is
advisable
for
the
parents
to
learn
to
listen
to
children’s
ideas
and
encourage
them
to
think
on
their
own
rather
than
decide
everything
for
the
children.
On
the
other
hand,children
should
listen
to
their
parents’
advice.Try
to
be
understanding
when
there
is
disagreement
with
parents.Always
keep
one
thing
in
mind—whatever
they
do
comes
from
their
love
for
us.It
is
necessary
for
children
to
exchange
ideas
with
parents
from
time
to
time
so
that
the
gap
between
parents
and
children
will
be
narrowed.
