Unit3
Getting
along
with
others
Section
A
【重点陈列】
?
重点词汇
1.awkward
adj.笨拙的;令人尴尬的;难对付的
2.sight
n.视野;视力;看见
3.medium
n.传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具
4.chat
vi.
&
n.聊天,闲聊
5.cafe
n.咖啡馆,小餐馆
6.case
n.具体情况,事例;案件;容器
7.frank
adj.坦率的,直率的
8.definitely
adv.肯定,确实;确切地
9.trick
vt.欺骗,欺诈
n.诡计,花招;戏法
10.contact
vt.
&
n.联系,联络
11.explode
vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发;爆炸
vt.使爆炸
12.generous
adj.宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的
13.original
adj.起初的;独创的;原作的
14.horrible
adj.令人震惊的;可恶的;极坏的
15.recover
vi.恢复健康;恢复常态vt.
全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制
16.respond
vi.
&
vt.回答,回应;作出反应;响应
17.loss
n.失去,丧失;亏损;去世;损失
18.judge
vi.&vt.
评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为n.
法官;裁判员
19.apologize
vi.
道歉,谢罪
20.behaviour
n.
行为,举止,态度
21.ignore
vt.
忽视,对……不予理会
22.suffer
vi.
受苦,受折磨;变差
vt.遭受,蒙受
23.misunderstand
vt.
&
vi.
误解,误会
?
重点短语
1.out
of
sb’s
sight脱离某人的视线
2.social
media社交媒体
3.make
it
能够出席;准时到达;获得成功
4.on
the
rocks
(关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃
5.at
a
loss
不知所措,困惑
6.
in
the
wrong
有错,应承担责任
?
重点句式
1.Whether
we’re
walking
to
school,doing
homework
or
just
hanging
out
at
the
weekend,we’re
hardly
out
of
each
other’s
sight.
2.I
was
so
angry
that
I
avoided
her
during
school
all
day,and
I
still
don’t
feel
like
responding
to
any
of
her
online
messages.
3.However,if
your
friend
ignores
your
feelings
or
makes
you
suffer,it’s
time
to
rethink
your
relationship.
【重点词汇归纳拓展】
1.Whether
we’re
walking
to
school,doing
homework
or
just
hanging
out
at
the
weekend,we’re
hardly
out
of
each
other’s
sight.
无论我们是步行去学校、做作业还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎不离开彼此的视线。(P30)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中sight用作不可数名词,意为“视力;视觉;视野”。
sight也可用作可数名词,意为“看得见的事物;景象”。
What
a
peaceful
and
romantic
sight!
多么和平和浪漫的景象!
His
sense
of
hearing
is
poor
but
his
sight
is
excellent.
他的听觉很差,但他的视力特别好。
She
went
out
to
see
the
sights
of
Shanghai.
她去上海观光了。
【词汇拓展】
The
little
town
came
into
sight
as
we
turned
the
corner.
我们拐过弯,小城就映入了我们的眼帘。
The
baby
smiled
at
the
sight
of
its
mother.
这个婴儿一看到妈妈就笑了。
The
driver
lost
sight
of
the
car
he
was
following.
司机看不见他所跟随的那辆轿车了。
He
stood
there
until
the
train
was
out
of
sight.
他站在那里,直到火车驶出了视线。
【词汇辨析】
scene
指展现在眼前的情景,也可以指scenery
的一部分,大多包括景物中的人及活动在内
scenery
指某地总的自然风光或景色,尤指美丽的乡间景色
sight
既可以指眼前看到的景观,也可以指名胜、风景,在表示“名胜,风景”时,用复数形式
view
常指从某个位置或角度所看到的景色。还可表示“观点”
2.When
I
called
her,she
said
she
might
not
be
able
to
make
it
to
the
cinema.
我给她打电话时,她说她可能去不了电影院了。(P30)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中make
it意为“能够出席;准时到达”;make
it还可以意为“获得成功”。
The
train
leaves
in
ten
minutes—we’ll
make
it.
火车十分钟后开——我们能赶得上。
You
will
make
it
if
you
don’t
give
up.
如果你不放弃,你会成功的。
He’s
never
really
made
it
as
an
actor.
他当演员从未有所成就。
【词汇拓展】
Make
it可以表示“约定时间”或“做成某事”
If
you
can’t
make
it
Friday,we
can
invite
somebody
else.
如果你周五不能到,我们将邀请别人。
Let’s
make
it
at
seven
o’clock
on
Tuesday
morning
at
my
office.
我们定在星期二早晨七点在我的办公室见面。
You
needn’t
worry;he
will
make
it.
你不要着急,他会完成的。
3.Instead
of
recovering
at
home,she
was
out
having
fun
with
someone
else.
她没有在家休养,而是出去和别人一起玩。(P30)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中recover用作不及物动词,意为“恢复健康;恢复常态”;还可以用作及物动词,意为“全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,
重新控制”。
It
is
said
that
humour
not
only
affects
patients’
moods,but
also
helps
them
recover
faster.
据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪,而且还有助于病人快速康复。
We
recovered
lost
time
by
setting
out
early.
我们提前出发从而把损失的时间补了回来。
He
managed
to
recover
the
deleted
files.
他设法找回了删除的文件。
【词汇拓展】
recover
from...从……中恢复
recover
oneself某人恢复知觉
recover
sth重新获得/找回某物
recovery
n.恢复;复苏;痊愈
make
a
recovery
from...从……中恢复
Even
though
he
was
hurt
seriously
in
the
car
accident,he
finally
made
a
recovery
from
it.
尽管他在交通事故中严重受伤,但最终康复了。
4.I
was
so
angry
that
I
avoided
her
during
school
all
day,and
I
still
don’t
feel
like
responding
to
any
of
her
online
messages.
我很生气,在学校一整天都躲着她,并且我仍然不想回复她的任何在线信息。(P30)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中respond用作不及物动词,意为“回答,回应”,还可以意为“作出反应,响应”。
No
explanation
is
needed
as
to
why
you
don’t
respond.
不需要解释你为什么不回应。
【词汇拓展】
(1)respond
to
sth对……作出反应/回答
(2)response
n.回答,响应,反应
in
response
to...作为对……的反应
make
a
quick
response
to...对……作出很快的反应
responsible
adj.有责任的;可依靠的;负责的
be
responsible
for
sth/sb对……负责
In
no
way
am
I
responsible
for
what
has
happened.
我决不对发生的事情负责。
The
report
found
that
youngsters
felt
their
friendships
could
be
at
risk
if
they
did
not
respond
to
social
media
posts
quickly.
报告发现,如果年轻人不迅速回应社交媒体的帖子,那么他们的友谊就有危险。
5.The
stress
of
this
situation
is
killing
me,and
I’m
at
a
loss
what
to
do
next.
这种情况的压力简直要了我的命,我不知道下一步该怎么办。(P30)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中loss用作名词,意为“失去,丧失”,还可以意为“亏损;去世;损失”。
He
was
at
a
loss
what
to
do.他对做什么不知所措。
【词汇拓展】
(1)at
a
loss不知所措,困惑
(2)lose
v.丢失;损失,丧失
lose
face丢脸
lose
weight减肥
(3)lost
adj.丢失的,丧失的;迷失的
be
lost
in陷入……
He
is
afraid
of
making
mistakes
and
losing
face
in
public.
他害怕出错在公众面前丢脸。
6.Don’t
be
so
quick
to
judge
your
friend.
不要急于评判你的朋友。(P31)
【词汇精讲】
judge在本句中用作动词,意为“评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为”;还可以用作名词,意为“法官;裁判员”。
The
judge
had
a
reputation
for
complete
objectivity.
那法官素以大公无私著称。
Don’t
judge
a
person
by
his
appearance.
不要以貌取人。
【词汇拓展】
(1)judge...from...根据……判断……
judging
from/by...根据……判断
(2)judgment
n.判断,判决书
make
a
judgment
作判断
(3)judging
by/from
为独立主格结构作状语,此处的judging
一般不用judged形式。
On
the
one
hand
I
admire
his
gifts,but
on
the
other
hand
I
distrust
his
judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华,而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断。
7.Perhaps
she
knows
she’s
in
the
wrong
and
wants
to
apologize,or
maybe
she
has
a
simple
explanation
for
her
behaviour.
也许她知道自己错了,想要道歉,或者她对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中apologize用作不及物动词,意为“道歉,谢罪”,该动词还可以写成apologise。
I
have
come
to
apologize
to
you.
我是来向您道歉的。
I
must
apologize
for
the
untidy
state
of
the
room.
屋子这么不整洁,实在抱歉。
【词汇拓展】
apology
n.道歉;认错
apologize
(to
sb)
for
(doing)sth因(做)某事(向某人)道歉
apologize
for
oneself为自己辩解或辩护
accept
sb’s
apology
接受某人的道歉
owe
sb
an
apology应向某人道歉
make
an
apology
to
sb
for
sth因某事向某人道歉
I
apologize
for
having
taken
too
much
of
your
time.
我为占用你太多时间而表示歉意。
I
apologized
to
her
for
stepping
on
her
feet.
=I
made
an
apology
to
her
for
stepping
on
her
feet.
我因踩到她的脚而向她道歉。
8.Perhaps
she
knows
she’s
in
the
wrong
and
wants
to
apologize,or
maybe
she
has
a
simple
explanation
for
her
behaviour.
也许她知道自己错了,想要道歉,或者她对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。(P31)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中behaviour用作名词,意为“行为,举止,态度”。
They
observed
the
behaviour
of
their
new
pet.
他们观察他们的新宠物的生活习性。
【词汇拓展】
behave
v.(举止或行为)表现
behave
well/badly
to/towards
sb对某人表现好/差
behave
oneself守规矩,表现得体
He
is
now
better
behaved.
他现在表现得更好了。
Behave
yourself
in
public
and
you
will
win
the
respect
of
most
of
us.
在公众场合举止得体,你才能赢得我们大多数人的尊重。
They
behaved
badly
towards
the
guests,which
made
us
very
disappointed.
他们对客人很不礼貌,这使我们非常失望。
9.In
any
case,find
an
opportunity
to
have
a
full
and
frank
talk
with
her.
无论如何,找个机会和她进行一次充分而坦诚的谈话。(P31)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中case用作名词,意为“具体情况,事例”,还可以意为“案件;容器”。
A
decade
of
presenting
cases
in
court
gave
her
the
confidence
to
sing
for
a
crowd.
十年来在法庭上陈述案件的经历给了她在人群中唱歌的信心。
【词汇拓展】
(1)in
case
万一,以防万一
in
case
of...假使……/万一……
in
any
case无论如何,总之
in
this/that
case如果这样/那样的话,在这种/那种情况下
in
no
case
决不
in
the
case
of...就……来说
as
is
often
the
case这是常有的事
as
the
case
may/might
be看情况,视情况而定
(2)①in
case后跟从句时,不能用that连接。
②case表示情况,若有定语从句修饰,后面的定语从句多用where引导,类似的词还有:situation,point,position,stage等。
③in
no
case置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构。
As
is
often
the
case,we
have
worked
out
the
production
plan.
像往常一样,我们制定出了生产计划。
10.However,if
your
friend
ignores
your
feelings
or
makes
you
suffer,it’s
time
to
rethink
your
relationship.
然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑
你们的关系了。(P31)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中ignore用作及物动词,意为“忽视,对……不予理会”。
The
interests
of
the
peasants
were
often
ignored
in
the
past.
在过去,农民的利益往往被无视。
If
you
ignore
your
diet,trouble
will
follow.
如果你忽视自己的饮食,必然会产生麻烦。
【词汇拓展】
ignorance
n.无知;愚昧
out
of
ignorance
出于无知
ignorant
adj.无知的;愚昧的
be
ignorant
of
不了解;不知情
Sometimes
children
do
dangerous
things
out
of
ignorance.
有时孩子们出于无知会做出些危险的事情。
To
be
ignorant
of
one’s
ignorance
is
the
malady
of
the
ignorant.
—Amos
Bronson
Alcott
不知道自己的无知,是无知者的可悲之处。
——阿莫斯·布朗森·奥尔科特
11.However,if
your
friend
ignores
your
feelings
or
makes
you
suffer,it’s
time
to
rethink
your
relationship.
然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑你们的关系了。(P31)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中suffer用作不及物动词,意为“受苦,受折磨;变差”,还可以用作及物动词,意为“遭受,蒙受”。
I
think
she
suffered
a
lot
in
the
African
forest.
我认为她在非洲丛林里受了不少苦。
Although
we
are
suffering
such
a
severe
natural
disaster,we
will
eventually
overcome
the
difficulty
as
long
as
we
don’t
lose
heart.
尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害,但只要不灰心,我们终会克服困难。
【词汇拓展】
suffer
from遭受;患病
suffer
pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
suffering
n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事
sufferer
n.患难者;患病者
Many
people
suffered
from
this
terrible
disease
and
lost
their
lives.
许多人患有这种可怕的疾病,失去了生命。
Don’t
worry!The
animal
won’t
suffer
any
pain.
别担心,这只动物不会感到任何痛苦的。
【温馨提示】
(1)suffer指抽象的损害、痛苦等,如:suffer
pain/defeat/losses/the
result/side
effects“遭受痛苦/失败/损失/(承受)结果/副作用”。
(2)suffer
from常加具体的表示不幸或痛苦的名词,如:遭受战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。
【重点句式归纳拓展】
1.Whether
we’re
walking
to
school,doing
homework
or
just
hanging
out
at
the
weekend,we’re
hardly
out
of
each
other’s
sight.
无论我们是步行去学校,做作业还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎不离开彼此的视线。(P30)
【句式剖析】
句中whether引导的让步状语从句
Whether
the
news
that
a
new
library
will
be
built
in
our
school
is
true,we
will
stay
here.
不管学校建新图书馆的消息是否真实,我们都会留在这儿。
【句式拓展】
(1)no
matter
whether意为“不论是否……,不管是……还是……”。
A
cat
is
good
if
it
catches
mice
no
matter
whether
it
is
black
or
white.
不管白猫、黑猫,抓到老鼠就是好猫。
No
matter
whether
it
is
light
or
dark
at
that
hour,we’ve
decided
to
leave
at
five
o’clock
in
the
morning.
不管到时候是否天亮,我们都已决定早晨5点离开。
(2)whether...or
not引导名词性从句。
Whether
he
will
come
or
not
depends
on
the
weather.
他是否会来要根据天气情况而定。
2.I
was
so
angry
that
I
avoided
her
during
school
all
day,and
I
still
don’t
feel
like
responding
to
any
of
her
online
messages.
我很生气,在学校一整天都躲着她,并且我仍然不想回复她的任何在线信息。(P30)
【句式剖析】
句中的so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,so为副词,that
为连词,引导结果状语从句。
She’s
kind
and
patient,and
she
explains
English
grammar
so
clearly
that
even
I
can
understand
it!
她既友好又耐心,并且她的英语语法解释得如此清楚,以至于连我都能明白!
The
moon
is
so
far
away
from
the
earth
that
it
looks
rather
small.
月球离地球那么远,以至于它看起来很小。
【句式拓展】
There
were
so
many
people
in
the
room
that
I
couldn’t
get
into
it.
房间里有那么多人,我进不去。
This
is
such
an
interesting
book
that
all
the
students
in
our
class
want
to
read
it.
=This
is
so
interesting
a
book
that
all
the
students
in
our
class
want
to
read
it.
这本书如此有趣,我们班所有的学生都想读。
3.However,if
your
friend
ignores
your
feelings
or
makes
you
suffer,it’s
time
to
rethink
your
relationship.
然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑你们的关系了。(P31)
【句式剖析】
本句是一个主从复合句,if引导条件状语从句,主句是it’s
time
to
do
sth“该是做…的时候了”的结构。
Please
collect
your
things
and
get
ready.It’s
time
to
go
aboard
the
train.
请收好你的东西准备好。该上火车了。
【句式拓展】
(1)it
is
(about/high)
time
(that)
sb
did/should
do
sth是某人该做某事的时候了
(2)it
is
(about/high)
time
(for
sb)
to
do
sth是(某人)该做某事的时候了
【点拨】
(1)句式(1)中,that(可省略)从句中用动词的过去式或用“should
+
动词原形”,should不可省略;
(2)句式(2)中如果有for
sb可以和句式1换用。
(3)it/this/that
is
the
first
time
that
sb
have
done
sth某人第一次做某事
=it
is
the
first
time
for
sb
to
do
sth
=sb
do
sth
for
the
first
time
I
was
very
excited
because
this
was
the
first
time
I
had
seen
wildlife.
我很兴奋,因为这是我第一次见到野生动物。Unit3Getting
along
with
others
Section
C
【重点陈列】
?
重点词汇
1.joy
n.高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣
2.failure
n.
失败;失败的人(或事);未履行;故障
3.recognize
vt.
承认,意识到;认出,辨别出
4.death
n.死,死亡;死亡状态
5.company
n.
陪伴,做伴;公司
6.thorough
adj.彻底的,全面的;仔细的
7.crowd
n.一伙人,一帮人;人群
vt.挤满,使拥挤
vi.聚集;挤,涌
8.reflection
n.沉思;反射;映像;反映
9.benefit
n.
优势,益处,成效vt.
使受益
vi.
得益于
10.comfort
vt.
宽慰,抚慰
n.
舒服;抚慰
11.seek
(sought,
sought)vi.试图;寻找;争取
vt.寻求;寻找
12.escape
vi.&vt.逃跑,逃脱;避开,避免;被遗忘
n.逃离,逃脱
13.moment
n.时光,时机;瞬间;某个时刻
14.indeed
adv.其实,实际上;的确,真正地
15.well-meaning
adj.出于好心的,善意的
16.admire
vt.
钦佩;欣赏
?
重点短语
1.in
full
measure最大程度地,最大限度地
2.break
through
克服,战胜
3.smooth
out消除(问题),克服(困难)
4.be
meant
to
do
sth
注定要做某事,应做某事
5.take
on
呈现,具有
?
重点句式
1.We
often
find
it
easier
to
recognize
other
people’s
weaknesses
than
our
own.
2.As
we
walk
the
“path
of
life”,we
may
sometimes
wish
to
be
alone
with
our
own
thoughts,for
quiet
periods
of
reflection
can
lead
to
personal
improvement.
【重点词汇归纳拓展】
1.However,when
we
seek
to
be
alone,we
must
be
careful
that
we
do
not
always
escape
into
our
own
world.
然而,当我们试图独处的时候,我们必须小心,不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
seek为动词,意为“寻找;寻求”。seek为不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词都是sought。
seek表示“试图;寻找;争取”的意思时,后接不定式作宾语。
I
have
never
sought
to
hide
my
views.
我从不企图隐瞒自己的观点。
One
way
children
seek
more
attention
from
parents
is
by
making
themselves
different
from
their
siblings.
孩子寻求父母更多的关注的一种方式是使自己不同于他们的兄弟姐妹。
【词汇拓展】
seek
after/for寻找;追求
seek
sth
from
sb向某人寻求某物
seek
one’s
fortune/fame追求财富/名誉;碰运气
seek
to
do
sth(=try/attempt
to
do
sth)试图/企图做某事
2.As
we
walk
the
“path
of
life”,we
may
sometimes
wish
to
be
alone
with
our
own
thoughts,for
quiet
periods
of
reflection
can
lead
to
personal
improvement.
当我们走在“人生的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可以带来个人的进步。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中reflection用作名词,意为“沉思”,还可以意为“反射;映像;反映”。
The
cat
felt
curious
when
she
saw
her
own
reflection
in
the
mirror.
猫看到自己在镜子中的映像,感到很好奇。
【词汇拓展】
(1)be
lost
in
reflection陷入深思之中
(2)reflect
vt.映射;反射
vi.思考
reflect
on思考,反省;回想
reflect...in...在……中反映出/映照出……
The
old
man
reflected
on
the
changes
that
had
taken
place
since
his
youth.
老人回想起从自己的青年时期以来所发生的种种变化。
Her
rough
hands
and
wrinkled
face
reflected
a
life
of
hard
work.
她粗糙的双手和满是皱纹的脸反映出她生活艰辛。
3.More
often
than
not,close
friendships
will
help
smooth
out
the
sometimes
rocky
road
that
we
are
all
meant
to
travel.
通常情况下,亲密的友谊会帮助我们铺平在人生旅途中偶尔坎坷的道路。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中be
meant
to
do
sth意为“注定要做某事,应做某事”。
This
software
is
meant
to
protect
computers
from
being
attacked
by
viruses.
这种软件旨在保护电脑免受病毒攻击。
【词汇拓展】
(1)sth
is
meant
for
sth/sb某物是为……准备/设计的
(2)mean
to
do
sth打算做某事
mean
doing
sth意味着做某事
meant
to
have
done
=
had
meant
to
do本来打算做(实际上没做)
She
was
meant
for
a
teacher.
她是培养成为教师的对象。
4.However,when
we
seek
to
be
alone,we
must
be
careful
that
we
do
not
always
escape
into
our
own
world.
然而,当我们试图独处的时候,我们必须小心,不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中escape用作动词,意为“逃跑,逃脱”,还可以意为“避开,避免;被遗忘”;用作名词意为“逃离,逃脱”。
Our
escape
was
little
short
of
miraculous.
我们能逃脱简直是个奇迹。
The
prisoner
has
escaped.
犯人逃走了。
【词汇拓展】
(1)escape
from
从……逃脱/逃避
escape
into逃入
escape
from
reality逃避现实
escape
(doing)
sth避免(做)某事
escape
punishment=escape
being
punished
逃避处罚
(2)make
one’s
escape逃走
a
fire
escape消防通道
a
narrow
escape
死里逃生
The
thief
jumped
into
a
car
and
made
his
escape.
小偷跳上汽车逃走了。
To
my
surprise,he
could
escape
from
that
big
fire.
令我惊讶的是,他能够从那场大火里逃脱出来。
5.Here,friendship
has
a
double
advantage—happiness
takes
on
a
greater
meaning
and
a
trouble
shared
becomes
a
trouble
halved!
在这里,友谊有双重优势——幸福有更大的意义,分担的烦恼减半!(P39)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中take
on意为“呈现,具有”,还可以意为“承担;接受;从事;较量;开始雇用”等。
If
you
are
the
monitor
in
class,you
can
take
on
this
position
when
you
want
your
words
to
be
taken
seriously.
如果你是班长,当你希望你的话被认真对待的时候,你可以采取这个立场。
【词汇拓展】
take
back
退回;拿回;归还
take
down记下;拆卸
take
out
取出;拔掉;带出去
take
away
拿走;带走;夺走
take
over接管;接任
take
in
吸收;理解;欺骗
take
off
脱下;起飞;休假;(事业)腾飞
You
have
to
remind
Jane
to
take
out
the
garbage.
你得提醒简把垃圾拿出去。
If
I
buy
something
and
he
doesn’t
like
it,I’ll
take
it
back.
要是我买的东西他不喜欢的话,我就会去退货。
We
eventually
took
off
at
12
o’clock
and
arrived
in
Italy
at
18:30.
我们最终在12点起飞,18:30到达意大利。
Many
animals
died
because
we
have
taken
away
their
shelter
and
food.
许多动物死去了,因为我们夺走了它们的庇护所和食物。
6.As
we
live
in
social
groups,there
are
many
benefits
of
friendship
that
we
can
enjoy.
由于我们生活在社会群体中,我们可以享受友谊带来的许多好处。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
benefit为名词,意为“好处;益处”;它还可以作动词,意为“得益于;使受益”。
Good
opinions
are
worth
sticking
to
because
they
can
benefit
us
all.
好的意见值得坚持,因为对我们大家都有益。
【词汇拓展】
to
one’s
benefit对某人有益
be
of
benefit
to...对……有益
sth
benefit(s)
sb某事对某人有益
sb
benefit(s)
from
sth某人从某事中受益
for
one’s
benefit为了帮助某人;为了某人的利益
beneficial
adj.有益的;受益的
be
beneficial
to...(=be
of
benefit
to...)
对……有益
His
health
benefits
greatly
from
daily
exercise.
=Daily
exercise
benefits
his
health
greatly.
=Daily
exercise
is
of
great
benefit
to
his
health.
=Daily
exercise
is
beneficial
to
his
health
greatly.
日常锻炼使他的健康受益很多。
7.Indeed,the
human
heart
depends
on
such
opportunities
for
comfort
and
protection.
的确,人类的心灵依赖于这种寻求安慰和保护的机会。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中comfort用作名词,意为“舒服;安慰”;还可以用作动词,意为“宽慰,抚慰”。
A
teenager
can
write
and
make
music
using
a
computer
program
in
the
comfort
of
their
own
bedroom.
青少年可以在自己很舒服的卧室里使用电脑程序作曲和创作音乐。
【词汇拓展】
(1)comfort
sb安慰某人
(2)in
comfort舒服地
take
comfort
from...从……中得到慰藉
(3)comfortable
adj.舒适的,(人)安逸的
uncomfortable
adj.不舒服的,不安逸的
comfortably
adv.安逸地
discomfort
n.不舒服;不安
Her
father
pays
for
her
board
but
she
keeps
herself
in
comfort.
她父亲负担她的吃住,而她自己则过舒适的日子。
Were
it
not
for
science,we
could
not
live
a
comfortable
life.
若非因为科学,我们无法过着舒适的生活。
8.We
know
that
our
friends
will
both
respect
our
feelings
and
treasure
these
moments
of
closeness.
我们知道,我们的朋友不仅会尊重我们的感受,而且会珍惜这些亲密的时刻。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中moment用作名词,意为“时光,时机;瞬间;某个时刻”。
Love
is
a
moment
that
lasts
forever.
爱的瞬间就是永恒。
【词汇拓展】
(1)at
the
moment
此刻,目前,那时(常用于一般现在时、一般过去时和进行时)
at
that
moment
就在那时,当时
for
the
moment目前,暂时
for
a
moment一会儿,片刻(表示片刻的延缓,常与延续性动词连用)
in
a
moment(=in
a
minute;very
soon)立即,马上(多与将来时连用)
(2)the
moment+
从
句
=as
soon
as/the
minute/the
instant/the
second/directly/immediately+从句=hardly/scarcely...when...=no
sooner...than...一……就……
I’ll
be
back
in
a
moment.
我一会儿就回来。
He
rushed
to
the
hospital
the
moment
he
heard
the
news.
他一听到消息就往医院跑去。
Would
you
take
a
seat
for
a
moment?
你稍坐片刻好吗?
9.We
often
find
it
easier
to
recognize
other
people’s
weaknesses
than
our
own.
我们经常发现辨认出别人的弱点比自己的容易。(P39)
【词汇精讲】
recognize是动词,意为“承认,意识到;认出;辨别出”。
She
didn’t
recognize
me
just
now
because
I
was
wearing
dark
glasses.
她刚才没认出我来,因为我戴着墨镜。
I
recognized
him
as
soon
as
he
came
into
the
room.
他一进屋我就认出了他。
【词汇拓展】
recognize
sb/one’s
voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be
recognized
to
be/as...被认为是……
It
is
recognized
that...人们公认……
recognition
n.认出;认识
beyond
(all)
recognition(完全)认不出来
It
is
well
recognized
that
reading
aloud
is
one
of
the
best
ways
to
learn
English.
人们普遍认为,大声朗读是学习英语的最好方法之一。
10.They
admired
each
other
and
quickly
became
friends.
他们相互钦佩,很快成了朋友。(P41)
【词汇精讲】
admire为动词,意为“钦佩;欣赏”。
He
observed
that
Homer
was
still
admired
after
two
thousand
years.
他注意到荷马在2000年后依然受人钦佩。
【词汇拓展】
admire
sb
for(doing)
sth因为(做)某事而钦佩某人
admirer
n.崇拜者
admiration
n.佩服
admiring
adj.羡慕的;钦佩的
admirable
adj.令人钦佩的;值得赞美的
Juliet’s
courage
won
everyone’s
admiration.
朱丽叶的勇气博得了大家的赞赏。
She
was
getting
lots
of
admiring
looks
in
her
new
red
dress.
她穿着红色的新裙子,许多人向她投来羡慕的目光。
John
is
smart,polite
and
well
behaved.In
a
word,he
is
admirable.
约翰聪明有礼,又知分寸,简言之,他值得赞美。
【重点句式归纳拓展】
1.We
often
find
it
easier
to
recognize
other
people’s
weaknesses
than
our
own.
我们经常发现辨认出别人的弱点比自己的容易。(P39)
【句式剖析】
find
it
easier
to
recognize
other
people’s
weaknesses
是“find+宾语+宾补”的复合结构,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to
recognize
other
people’s
weaknesses;easier为形容词作宾语补足语。
We
found
the
map
quite
out
of
date.
我们发现这张地图已完全过时。
I
called
at
her
house
but
I
found
her
out.
我去她家时发现她不在家。
【句式拓展】
When
I
went
to
see
her,I
found
her
lying
in
bed.
我去看望她的时候,我发现她躺在床上。
He
found
the
city
much
changed.
他发现这个城市发生了巨大的变化。
2.As
we
walk
the
“path
of
life”,we
may
sometimes
wish
to
be
alone
with
our
own
thoughts,for
quiet
periods
of
reflection
can
lead
to
personal
improvement.当我们走在“人生的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可以带来个人的进步。(P39)
【句式剖析】
for引导并列句表示原因
【句式拓展】
because,as,for,since这几个词都是表示原因的连词,语气由强至弱依次为:
because→since→as→for,前面三个均为从属连词,引导原因状语从句;
而for是并列连词,引导并列句。
【点拨】
1.since侧重主句,从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由,常译为“因为”“既然”,语气比
because稍弱,通常置于句首,表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。
Since
he
asks
you,you’ll
tell
him.
既然他问你,那就告诉他吧。
2.because表示直接原因,它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的,其语气最强。常用来回答why的提问,一般放于主句之后,也可以单独存在。
I
stayed
at
home
because
it
rained.
因为下雨所以我待在家里。
3.for用作连词时,与
because相似,但它所表示的原因往往提供上文未交代过的情况。for不表示直接原因,表明附加或推断的理由,因此for被看作并列连词,它所引导的分句只能放在句子后部或单独成为一个句子,并且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系。其间用逗号隔开,且for不可置于句首,for的这一用法常用在书面语中,较正式。
The
days
are
short,for
it
is
now
December.
天短了,因为现在已是十二月份。
前后两个分句间有一定的因果关系时(有时很难区分是直接原因,
还是推测性原因),for与
because可以互换使用。
I
could
not
go,for/because
I
was
ill.
我不能去,是因为我病了。
4.as是常用词,它表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因,或者理由不是很重要,含义与
since相同,但语气更弱,没有since正式,常译为“由于,鉴于”。从句说明原因,主句说明结果,主从并重。
As
I
had
a
cold,I
was
absent
from
school.
因为我感冒了,所以没去上课。
【写作指导】
假设你是李华,你的笔友Jack来信询问你什么是好朋友,请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.你对好朋友的看法;
2.列举好朋友应具备的品质。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
一、审题定调
1.确定主题:什么是好朋友
2.确定人称:第一人称、第三人称
3.确定时态:以一般现在时为主
二、谋篇布局
第一段:你对好朋友的看法;
第二、三、四段:列举3个好朋友应具备的品质;
最后一段:概括总结
三、组织语言
1.
核心词汇
basic
adj.基本的
quality
n.素质,品质
indeed
adv.真正地
through
thick
and
thin
不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦
in
one’s
opinion在某人看来
2.高级句式
A
good
friend
is
a
mirror
of
you.
好朋友是你的一面镜子。
Good
friends
should
be
honest
with
each
other.
好朋友间应以诚相待。
The
concept
of
a
good
friend
varies
from
person
to
person.
好朋友的概念因人而异。
As
the
saying
goes,a
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
正如谚语所说,患难见真情。
It
is
easy
to
make
friends,but
not
easy
to
make
good
ones.
交朋友容易,但交到好朋友不易。
Good
friends
should
help
each
other
if
they
are
in
trouble.
好朋友间若遇困难应鼎力相助。
In
my
opinion,a
good
friend
should
have
the
following
basic
qualities.
依我看,好朋友应具备以下基本品质。
Whoever
is
through
thick
and
thin
must
be
your
good
friend.
任何能与你同甘共苦的人必定是你的好朋友。
An
inspiring,optimistic
friend
can
have
a
positive
effect
on
your
life.
一个具有感召力的、乐观向上的朋友会对你的人生有积极的影响。
四、连句成文
Dear
Jack,
It
is
easy
to
make
friends,but
not
easy
to
make
good
ones.Of
course,the
concept
of
a
good
friend
varies
from
person
to
person.In
my
opinion,a
good
friend
should
have
the
following
basic
qualities.
First,a
good
friend
must
be
an
honest
person.Good
friends
should
be
honest
with
each
other.
Second,a
good
friend
must
be
a
kind
and
helpful
person.Good
friends
should
help
each
other
if
they
are
in
trouble.As
the
saying
goes,a
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
Third,whoever
is
through
thick
and
thin
must
be
your
good
friend.
In
a
word,friends
are
mutual.When
you
ask
your
friends
to
do
something,you
should
do
it
first.A
good
friend
is
a
mirror
of
you.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
