Unit
5
核心素养 了解世界上主要国家的自然地理,
保护历史文化遗产
高考链接 2018全国卷Ⅲ
·B;
2018全国卷Ⅰ·A;
2018全国卷Ⅲ·A;
2017·全国卷Ⅰ·A
Ⅰ.
话题与高考阅读理解
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·A)
Pacific
Science
Center
Guide
◆Visit
Pacific
Science
Center’s
Store
Don’t
forget
to
stop
by
Pacific
Science
Center’s
Store
while
you
are
here
to
pick
up
a
wonderful
science
activity
or
souvenir
to
remember
your
visit.
The
store
is
located
upstairs
in
Building
3
right
next
to
the
Laser
Dome.
◆Hungry?
Our
exhibits
will
feed
your
mind,
but
what
about
your
body?
Our
café
offers
a
complete
menu
of
lunch
and
snack
options,
in
addition
to
seasonal
specials.
The
café
is
located
upstairs
in
Building
1
and
is
open
daily
until
one
hour
before
Pacific
Science
Center
closes.
◆Rental
Information
Lockers
are
available
to
store
any
belongings
during
your
visit.
The
lockers
are
located
in
Building
1
near
the
Information
Desk
and
in
Building
3.
Pushchairs
and
wheelchairs
are
available
to
rent
at
the
Information
Desk
and
Denny
Way
entrance.
ID
required.
◆Support
Pacific
Science
Center
Since
1962,
Pacific
Science
Center
has
been
inspiring
a
passion(热情)for
discovery
and
lifelong
learning
in
science,
math
and
technology.
Today,
Pacific
Science
Center
serves
more
than
1.
3
million
people
a
year
and
brings
inquiry-based
science
education
to
classrooms
and
community
events
all
over
Washington
State.
It’s
an
amazing
accomplishment
and
one
we
cannot
achieve
without
generous
support
from
individuals,
corporations,
and
other
social
organizations.
Visit
pacificsciencecenter.
org
to
find
various
ways
you
can
support
Pacific
Science
Center.
1.
Where
can
you
buy
a
souvenir
at
Pacific
Science
Center?
A.
In
Building
1.
B.
In
Building
3.
C.
At
the
Laser
Dome.
D.
At
the
Denny
Way
entrance.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据◆Visit
Pacific
Science
Center’s
Store中的关键词souvenir
to
remember
your
visit可知在Pacific
Science
Center’s
Store可以买到纪念品,
这个商店位于Building
3。故选B。
2.
What
does
Pacific
Science
Center
do
for
schools?
A.
Train
science
teachers.
B.
Distribute
science
books.
C.
Inspire
scientific
research.
D.
Take
science
to
the
classroom.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据◆Support
Pacific
Science
Center中的Today,
Pacific
Science
Center.
.
.
brings
inquiry-based
science
education
to
classrooms可知,
太平洋科学馆把科学带进了教室。故选D。
3.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
last
part
of
the
text?
A.
To
encourage
donations.
B.
To
advertise
coming
events.
C.
To
introduce
special
exhibits.
D.
To
tell
about
the
Center’s
history.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的小标题◆Support
Pacific
Science
Center以及这一段的最后一句.
.
.
to
find
various
ways
you
can
support
Pacific
Science
Center.
可知,
目的是让人们给予太平洋科学馆更多的赞助和捐赠。故选A。
话题词汇
exhibit,
available,
science,
math,
technology,
support
短语句式
pick
up,
next
to,
in
addition
to,
more
than
熟词新义
feed
v.
喂养;
v.
满足,
滋养(新)
书面表达
假如你是李华,
你们学校举行英语作文大赛。你决定参加并选定了比赛所提供的一个题目。请根据以下要求写一篇短文。
1.
介绍加拿大旅游小城道森。道森地理位置偏僻,
交通不便,
当时并不适于居住。
2.
1897年在道森发现金矿,
并因此有大量的人涌入掘金,
并获得了大笔财富。
3.
黄金挖掘完之后,
大部分失望的人们开始离开,
现在只是一个762人的旅游小城。每年有很多人来游览当年的淘金遗迹。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dawson,
a
small
city
known
for
its
tourism,
does
not
have
any
of
the
natural
conveniences
of
cities
like
New
York
or
Paris,
and
it
is
never
comfortable
for
people
to
live
there.
However,
gold
was
discovered
there
in
1897.
Immediately,
people
rushed
there
for
gold,
and
some
made
it
to
Dawson
and
made
much
wealth.
As
the
gold
that
Dawson
depended
on
had
all
been
found,
the
disappointed
people
began
to
leave.
Today,
tourism
is
the
chief
industry
of
Dawson
City,
whose
population
is
only
762.
Every
year,
many
people
still
come
to
see
where
the
Canadian
gold
rush
happened.
Ⅱ.
话题与高考写作
2022年冬奥会将在北京和张家口同时举行,
世人瞩目。今年国庆节期间将有一批外国游客来张家口旅游。假如你是当地某旅行社的一名导游,
届时你向这些游客介绍张家口的概况。请根据下列要点用英语写一篇欢迎辞。
1.
多山,
最高山2882米;
2.
地理位置和环境;
3.
冬奥会举办地;
4.
欢迎外宾来旅游。
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
参考词汇:
塞外山城the
Mountain
City
beyond
the
Great
Wall;
非物质文化遗产non-material
cultural
heritage
Step
1 要点写作
根据汉语提示补全句子。
①张家口被群山所围绕。
Zhangjiakou
is
surrounded
by
many
mountains.
?
②其中一座山高2
882米。
One
of
the
mountains
measures
2
882
metres
high.
③张家口是一个重要的地理文化名城,
并与北京接壤。
It
is
also
an
important
geographic
and
cultural
city,
and
borders
Beijing.
?
④它久远的历史和丰富的名胜古迹给游客们留下了深刻印象。
Its
long
history
and
rich
places
of
interest
leave
a
deep
impression
on
the
tourists.
?
⑤2022年冬奥会所有雪上项目都将在张家口举办,
这让它成为现在中国最出名的城市之一。
It
is
reported
that
all
the
snow
events
of
the
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games
will
take
place
in
Zhangjiakou,
which
makes
it
one
of
the
most
famous
cities
in
China
now.
?
⑥只有你亲自来体验,
才会了解它的魅力所在。
You
will
never
realize
its
charm
until
you
come
to
experience
by
yourself.
Step
2 句式升级
⑦用独立主格连接句①、②
Zhangjiakou,
which
is
surrounded
by
many
mountains,
one
of
them
measuring
2,
882
metres
high.
?
Step
3 组句成篇
运用关联词串连以上句子。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Ladies
and
gentlemen,
Welcome
to
our
city.
Let
me
introduce
the
city
of
Zhangjiakou
to
you.
Zhangjiakou
is
surrounded
by
many
mountains,
one
of
them
measuring
2,
882
metres
high.
It
is
also
an
important
geographic
and
cultural
city,
and
borders
Beijing.
Its
long
history
and
rich
places
of
interest
leave
a
deep
impression
on
the
tourists.
It
is
reported
that
all
the
snow
events
of
the
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games
will
take
place
in
Zhangjiakou,
which
makes
it
one
of
the
most
famous
cities
in
China
now.
At
the
same
time,
this
will
also
provide
good
opportunities
for
its
rapid
development.
You
will
never
realize
its
charm
until
you
come
to
experience
by
yourself.
关闭Word文档返回原板块
PAGEUnit
4
核心素养 培养科学精神,
摒弃唯心主义,
树立科学的宇宙观,
用科学方法解决问题
高考链接 2019全国卷Ⅱ·
D;
2018北京卷·B
Ⅰ.
话题与高考阅读理解
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ·
D)
Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts.
The
microorganisms(微生物)
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station,
so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.
How
is
NASA
overcoming
this
very
tiny
big
problem?
It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids.
But
not
just
any
kids.
It
is
depending
on
NASA
HUNCH
high
school
classrooms,
like
the
one
science
teachers
Gene
Gordon
and
Donna
Himmelberg
lead
at
Fairport
High
School
in
Fairport,
New
York.
HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.
For
the
past
two
years,
Gordon’s
students
have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
in
zero
gravity,
and
they
think
they’re
close
to
a
solution(解决方案).
“We
don’t
give
the
students
any
breaks.
They
have
to
do
it
just
like
NASA
engineers,
”
says
Florence
Gold,
a
project
manager.
“There
are
no
tests,
”
Gordon
says.
“There
is
no
graded
homework.
There
almost
are
no
grades,
other
than’Are
you
working
towards
your
goal?
’
Basically,
it’s
’I’ve
got
to
produce
this
product
and
then,
at
the
end
of
the
year,
present
it
to
NASA.
’
Engineers
come
and
really
do
an
in-person
review,
and.
.
.
it’s
not
a
very
nice
thing
at
times.
It’s
a
hard
business
review
of
your
product.
”
Gordon
says
the
HUNCH
program
has
an
impact(影响)
on
college
admissions
and
practical
life
skills.
“These
kids
are
so
absorbed
in
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.
I
don’t
teach.
”
And
that
annoying
bacteria?
Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem,
readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.
【文章大意】困扰着美国的宇航员的细菌问题会如何解决?
这一问题求助于一群学生。Gordon领导的学生们一直忙于解决零重力下细菌的问题,
他们没有别的作业,
一直忙于他们的目标,
帮助航天员解决细菌的问题。他们每天都通过HUNCH项目和航天员联系,
准备在太空检测可行的解决方法。
1.
What
do
we
know
about
the
bacteria
in
the
International
Space
Station?
A.
They
are
hard
to
get
rid
of.
B.
They
lead
to
air
pollution.
C.
They
appear
in
different
forms.
D.
They
damage
the
instruments.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句.
.
.
grow
uncontrollably.
.
.
,
so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.
可推知细菌在太空很难除去。
2.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
HUNCH
program?
A.
To
strengthen
teacher-student
relationships.
B.
To
sharpen
students’
communication
skills.
C.
To
allow
students
to
experience
zero
gravity.
D.
To
link
space
technology
with
school
education.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段特别是第一句话可推知中学的课堂和美国国家航空和航天局的工程师通过HUNCH项目联合,
再结合第四段的第一句话可知其目的是实现学校教育和太空科技的接轨,
让学生更好地去进行研究。故选D项。
3.
What
do
the
NASA
engineers
do
for
the
students
in
the
program?
A.
Check
their
product.
B.
Guide
project
designs.
C.
Adjust
work
schedules.
D.
Grade
their
homework.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的I’ve
got
to
produce
this
product
and
then,
at
the
end
of
the
year,
present
it
to
NASA.
和最后一段的最后一句Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem,
readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.
可知学生会把研究结果让工程师在太空检测,
以验证他们的方法是否可行。故选A项。
4.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
NASA:
The
Home
of
Astronauts
B.
Space:
The
Final
Homework
Frontier
C.
Nature:
An
Outdoor
Classroom
D.
HUNCH:
A
College
Admission
Reform
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。HUNCH项目将中学研究项目和美国国家航空和航天局的问题联系在一起,
学生研究解决方法并在太空得以验证。故可称之为太空是检验学生研究项目的前沿阵地。故选B项。
话题词汇
astronaut,
gravity,
solution,
practical,
bacteria,
space
短语
depend
on,
be
close
to,
other
than,
at
the
end
of,
have
an
impact
on,
be
absorbed
in
熟词新义
ready
adj.
准备好的,
现成的;
即时的
→做好……的准备;
准备……(新)
阅读填句
Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts,
because
the
microorganisms(微生物)
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station.
1
It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids
through
the
HUNCH
program.
?
2
For
the
past
two
years,
these
students
have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
in
zero
gravity,
and
they
think
they’re
close
to
a
solution(解决方案).
“We
don’t
give
the
students
any
breaks.
3 ”
says
Florence
Gold,
a
project
manager.
?
Gordon,
a
sciense
teacher,
says
the
HUNCH
program
has
an
impact(影响)
on
college
admissions
and
practical
life
skills.
“ 4
I
don’t
teach.
”
5
Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem,
readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.
?
A.
And
that
annoying
bacteria?
B.
Are
you
working
towards
your
goal?
C.
They
have
to
do
it
just
like
NASA
engineers.
D.
These
kids
are
so
absorbed
in
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.
E.
Therefore,
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.
F.
How
is
NASA
overcoming
this
very
tiny
big
problem?
G.
HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.
1.
【解析】选F。根据下句It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids(它正求助于一群高中的孩子们)可知上句应该是关于如何解决这一问题。故选F。
2.
【解析】选G。第一段最后一句It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids
through
the
HUNCH
program.
提到了HUNCH
program,
接下来应该是对其进行解释说明。故选G。
3.
【解析】选C。根据上句We
don’t
give
the
students
any
breaks.
提到我们不会干扰孩子们的研究。C项They
have
to
do
it
just
like
NASA
engineers.
他们就像美国太空总署的工程师那样工作。故选C。
4.
【解析】选D。根据后句I
don’t
teach(我不教)可知D选项符合。D项These
kids
are
so
absorbed
in
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.
(孩子们如此专注于他们的研究以至于我只会袖手旁观)故选D。
5.
【解析】选A。上文一直在谈论HUNCH,
结合下句.
.
.
the
problem,
readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space尤其是the
problem,
最后作者回归到了文章开头的话题(如何解决这些细菌)。故选A。
Ⅱ.
话题与高考写作
假如你是李华,
你有一次去月球旅行的机会,
想象一下你会遇到什么问题?
你应该如何克服它们?
请用英文据此写一篇文章,
阐述你的想法。
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
Step
1 要点写作
根据汉语提示补全句子。
①既然月球上没有空气,
首先我要携带空气。
Now
that
the
moon
has
no
air
of
its
own,
I
would
first
carry
all
my
air
with
me.
?
②那儿没有重力,
因此食物会四处乱飘。
There
is
no
gravity
so
the
food
would
float
around.
③我要确保食物经过特殊加工以使我能够很容易就能吃到。
I
would
make
sure
that
it
is
specially
made
to
make
it
possible
for
me
to
eat
easily.
?
④我发现在月球上难以移动。
I
would
find
it
difficult
to
move
around
on
the
moon.
?
⑤我的体重只有在地球上的六分之一。
I
would
weigh
one-sixth
of
what
I
weigh
on
the
earth.
?
Step
2 句式升级
⑥用复合句连接句④、⑤
I
would
find
it
difficult
to
move
around
on
the
moon
where
I
would
weigh
one-sixth
of
what
I
weigh
on
the
earth.
?
Step
3 组句成篇
运用关联词串连以上句子。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
If
I
visited
the
moon,
I
might
have
three
problems:
how
to
breathe,
how
to
eat
and
how
to
move
around.
Now
that
the
moon
has
no
air
of
its
own,
I
would
first
carry
all
my
air
with
me.
So
I
would
need
oxygen
tanks
placed
on
my
back
so
I
could
breathe
all
the
time.
I
would
have
to
take
all
my
food
with
me
if
I
went
to
the
moon.
In
the
spaceship,
there
is
no
gravity
so
the
food
would
float
around.
So,
I
would
make
sure
that
it
is
specially
made
to
make
it
possible
for
me
to
eat
easily.
I
would
find
it
difficult
to
move
around
on
the
moon
where
I
would
weigh
one-sixth
of
what
I
weigh
on
the
earth.
This
means
I
would
bounce
like
a
balloon
if
I
tried
to
walk.
I
would
have
to
learn
to
walk
differently
so
that
I
wouldn’t
crash
the
wall
of
the
spaceship.
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PAGEUnit
3
核心素养 对中外文学作品的了解;
对戏剧和文学作品的鉴赏能力;
通过文学作品了解历史和文化的能力
高考链接 2018·浙江高考·A;
2017·全国卷Ⅱ
·A;
2016·全国卷Ⅲ·B
Ⅰ.
话题与高考阅读理解
(2018·浙江高考·A)
In
1812,
the
year
Charles
Dickens
was
born,
there
were
66
novels
published
in
Britain.
People
had
been
writing
novels
for
a
century—most
experts
date
the
first
novel
to
Robinson
Crusoe
in
1719—but
nobody
wanted
to
do
it
professionally.
The
steam-powered
printing
press
was
still
in
its
early
stages;
the
literacy(识字)
rate
in
England
was
under
50%.
Many
works
of
fiction
appeared
without
the
names
of
the
authors,
often
with
something
like
“By
a
lady”.
Novels,
for
the
most
part,
were
looked
upon
as
silly,
immoral
or
just
plain
bad.
In
1870,
when
Dickens
died,
the
world
mourned
him
as
its
first
professional
writer
and
publisher,
famous
and
beloved,
who
had
led
an
explosion
in
both
the
publication
of
novels
and
their
readership
and
whose
characters—from
Oliver
Twist
to
Tiny
Tim—were
held
up
as
moral
touchstones.
Today
Dickens’
greatness
is
unchallenged.
Removing
him
from
the
pantheon(名人堂)
of
English
literature
would
make
about
as
much
sense
as
the
Louvre
selling
off
the
Mona
Lisa.
How
did
Dickens
get
to
the
top?
For
all
the
feelings
readers
attach
to
stories,
literature
is
a
numbers
game,
and
the
test
of
time
is
extremely
difficult
to
pass.
Some
60,
000
novels
were
published
during
the
Victorian
age,
from
1837
to
1901;
today
a
casual
reader
might
be
able
to
name
a
half-dozen
of
them.
It’s
partly
true
that
Dickens’
style
of
writing
attracted
audiences
from
all
walks
of
life.
It’s
partly
that
his
writings
rode
a
wave
of
social,
political
and
scientific
progress.
But
it’s
also
that
he
rewrote
the
culture
of
literature
and
put
himself
at
the
center.
No
one
will
ever
know
what
mix
of
talent,
ambition,
energy
and
luck
made
Dickens
such
a
distinguished
writer.
But
as
the
200th
anniversary
of
his
birth
approaches,
it
is
possible—and
important
for
our
own
culture—to
understand
how
he
made
himself
a
lasting
one.
【文章大意】这是一篇写于狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念前夕的文章,
介绍了英国小说的产生和兴盛,
以及狄更斯在英国小说界的地位。
1.
Which
of
the
following
best
describes
British
novels
in
the
18th
century?
A.
They
were
difficult
to
understand.
B.
They
were
popular
among
the
rich.
C.
They
were
seen
as
nearly
worthless.
D.
They
were
written
mostly
by
women.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Novels,
for
the
most
part,
were
looked
upon
as
silly,
immoral
or
just
plain
bad.
可知,
18世纪的英国小说被看不起,
被认为是愚蠢的、邪恶的、坏透了的。
与C选项中的worthless基本一致,
故选C。
2.
Dickens
is
compared
with
the
Mona
Lisa
in
the
text
to
stress
.
?
A.
his
reputation
in
France
B.
his
interest
in
modern
art
C.
his
success
in
publication
D.
his
importance
in
literature
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中Today
Dickens’
greatness
is
unchallenged.
可知,
文章把狄更斯与《蒙娜丽莎》比较,
是利用《蒙娜丽莎》在艺术界的地位来类比狄更斯在文学界的地位。故选D。
3.
What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A.
To
remember
a
great
writer.
B.
To
introduce
an
English
novel.
C.
To
encourage
studies
on
culture.
D.
To
promote
values
of
the
Victorian
age.
【解析】选A。目的意图题。根据最后一段中But
as
the
200th
anniversary
of
his
birth
approaches,
.
.
.
可知,
本文写于狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念日前夕,
显然是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。
话题词汇
novel,
author,
professional,
publisher,
publication,
readership,
character,
literature
短语句式
for
the
most
part;
hold
up;
all
walks
of
life;
a
wave
of;
It’s
partly
true
that.
.
.
(it作形式主语);
as
the
200th
anniversary
of
his
birth
approaches.
.
.
(as引导时间状语从句)
熟词新义
ride
v.
骑马;
乘车→激发,
引起(新)
语法填空
When
Dickens,
one
of
the
most
famous
1.
_________
(novelist),
died
in
1870,
the
world
regarded
him
2.
its
first
professional
writer
and
publisher.
Today
Dickens’
3.
_________
(great)
is
unchallenged.
4.
did
Dickens
get
to
the
top?
First
of
all,
Dickens’
style
of
writing
attracted
audiences
from
all
walks
of
life
5.
his
writings
rode
a
wave
of
social,
political
and
6.
_________
(science)
progress.
Secondly,
he
rewrote
the
culture
of
literature
and
put
7.
(he)
at
the
center.
No
one
will
ever
know
what
mix
of
talent,
8.
_________
(ambitious),
energy
and
luck
made
Dickens
such
a
distinguished
writer.
But
as
the
200th
anniversary
of
his
birth
9.
_________
(approach),
it
is
possible—and
important
for
our
own
culture—to
understand
how
he
made
himself
a
10.
(last)
one.
?
1.
【解析】novelists。考查名词复数。句意:
狄更斯是世界上最著名的小说家之一。根据前面的one
of
the
most
famous可知此处用可数名词的复数形式。故填novelists。
2.
【解析】as。考查介词。句意:
狄更斯被认为是世界上第一名专业作家和出版家。regard.
.
.
as认为……是;
把……看作。故填as。
3.
【解析】greatness。考查名词。句意:
现在狄更斯的伟大之处是不受质疑的。空前为名词所有格Dickens’,
因此空后用名词。故填greatness。
4.
【解析】How。考查疑问词。句意:
狄更斯是如何达到顶峰的呢?
根据句意可知填How。
5.
【解析】and。考查连词。句意:
狄更斯的写作风格吸引了各个阶层的人,
并且他的作品引发了社会、政治和科学的进步浪潮。故填and。
6.
【解析】scientific。考查词形变化。此处为形容词修饰名词progress,
故填scientific。
7.
【解析】himself。考查反身代词。句意:
他改写了文学文化并使自己处在了中心位置。由句意可知此处为反身代词。故填himself。
8.
【解析】ambition。考查名词。句意:
没有人会知道是什么样的天赋、抱负、能量和运气的结合使狄更斯成为如此杰出的作家。此处为and连接的四个并列的名词。故填ambition。
9.
【解析】approaches。考查动词时态。句意:
随着狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念日的到来。此处为as引导的时间状语从句,
故填approaches。
10.
【解析】lasting。考查形容词。句意:
理解他是如何使自己成为一个永恒(杰出作家)的一员对于我们自己的文化很重要。lasting持久的,
永恒的。故填lasting。
Ⅱ.
话题与高考写作
你接受了一项写作任务,
要为校报写一篇介绍马克·吐温的文章。根据下面提示写一篇人物简介。
姓名
马克·吐温(1835-1910)
职业
作家
经历
1.
在密西西比河河畔的密苏里州长大,
在那里度过了他的童年;
2.
后来在密西西比河的船上当水手;
3.
喜欢写作
评价
1.
美国19世纪最著名的作家之一;
2.
作品具有讽刺(wry)意味的幽默;
3.
全世界读者喜欢他的作品
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
Step
1 要点写作,
根据汉语提示补全句子
①Mark
Twain
was
one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century.
?
马克·吐温是十九世纪美国最著名的作家之一。
②Mark
Twain
was
brought
up
in
Missouri
along
the
Mississippi
River
and
he
spent
his
childhood
there.
?
马克·吐温在密西西比河沿岸的密苏里州被养大,
并且他在那里度过了童年。
③Later,
he
took
a
chance
to
work
as
a
sailor
on
a
river
boat.
随后,
他尝试着在船上当水手。?
④His
family
didn’t
permit
him
to
be
a
sailor
at
first.
?
起初他的家人不允许他当水手。
⑤He
found
himself
interested
in
writing,
and
he
decided
to
become
a
writer.
?
他发现自己对写作感兴趣,
然后他决定当一名作家。
⑥There
is
a
wry
sense
of
humor
in
his
works,
which
accounts
for
the
reason
why
his
works
are
deeply
loved
by
readers
throughout
the
world.
?
他的作品中有种讽刺的幽默,
这就解释了他的作品深受世界各地读者喜爱的原因。
Step
2 句式升级
⑦用同位语和定语从句连接句①、②
Mark
Twain,
one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century,
was
brought
up
in
Missouri
along
the
Mississippi
River
where
he
spent
his
childhood.
?
⑧用定语从句连接句③、④
Later,
he
took
a
chance
to
work
as
a
sailor
on
a
river
boat,
which
was
not
permitted
by
his
family
at
first.
?
Step
3 组句成篇,
运用关联词串连以上句子
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Mark
Twain,
one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century,
was
brought
up
in
Missouri
along
the
Mississippi
River,
where
he
spent
his
childhood.
Later,
he
took
a
chance
to
work
as
a
sailor
on
a
river
boat,
which
was
not
permitted
by
his
family
at
first.
At
that
time,
he
found
himself
interested
in
writing,
and
he
decided
to
become
a
writer,
which
helped
him
make
a
large
amount
of
money.
There
is
a
wry
sense
of
humor
in
his
works,
which
accounts
for
the
reason
why
his
works
are
deeply
loved
by
readers
throughout
the
world.
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PAGEUnit
2
核心素养 崇尚健康生活,
促进自我完善,
掌握一般的急救知识,
减少生命悲剧的发生
高考链接 2019·北京高考·B;
2018·全国卷Ⅰ·B;
2018·全国卷Ⅰ·语法填空;
2018·全国卷Ⅱ·C;
2018·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读填句;
2017·全国卷Ⅰ·语法填空;
2017·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读填句
Ⅰ.
话题与高考语法填空
(2017·全国卷I)
There
has
been
a
recent
trend
in
the
food
service
industry
toward
lower
fat
content
and
less
salt.
This
trend,
which
was
started
by
the
medical
community(医学界)
1.
a
method
of
fighting
heart
disease,
has
had
some
unintended
side
2.
(effect)
such
as
overweight
and
heart
disease—the
very
thing
the
medical
community
was
trying
to
fight.
Fat
and
salt
are
very
important
parts
of
a
diet.
They
are
required
3.
_________
(process)
the
food
that
we
eat,
to
recover
from
injury
and
for
several
other
bodily
functions.
When
fat
and
salt
4.
_________
(remove)
from
food,
the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something.
As
5.
_________
result,
people
will
eat
more
food
to
try
to
make
up
for
that
something
missing.
Even
6.
_________
(bad),
the
amount
of
fast
food
that
people
eat
goes
up.
Fast
food
7.
_________
(be)full
of
fat
and
salt;
by
8.
_________
(eat)
more
fast
food
people
will
get
more
salt
and
fat
than
they
need
in
their
diet.
?
Having
enough
fat
and
salt
in
your
meals
will
reduce
the
urge
to
snack(吃点心)between
meals
and
will
improve
the
taste
of
your
food.
However,
be
9.
_________
(care)
not
to
go
to
extremes.
Like
anything,
it
is
possible
to
have
too
much
of
both,
10.
_________
is
not
good
for
the
health.
?
【文章大意】人们现在提倡低脂少盐的生活,
但它却带来了一些副作用,
如过度肥胖和心脏病。本文提醒我们要适量,
不能走极端。
1.
【解析】as。考查介词。此处指作为一种抵抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为”。
2.
【解析】effects。考查名词单复数。此处根据空前面的some以及空后面列举的两个副作用可知,
用effect的复数形式。
3.
【解析】to
process。考查非谓语动词。require
sb.
to
do
sth.
要求某人做某事。
4.
【解析】are
removed。考查时态和语态。填空处在句中作谓语。本文讲述的是现状,
用一般现在时。主语是fat
and
salt,
和remove之间是被动关系,
所以填are
removed。
5.
【解析】a。考查冠词和固定搭配。as
a
result因此。
6.
【解析】worse。考查比较级。even修饰比较级,
even
worse表示“更糟糕的是”。
7.
【解析】is。考查主谓一致。主语是fast
food,
是不可数名词,
所以谓语用单数形式,
且此处讲的是现状,
所以填is。
8.
【解析】eating。考查非谓语动词。by在此处表示“通过”,
是介词,
后面接动词的-ing形式。
9.
【解析】careful。考查词性转化。此处表示“小心不要走极端”。根据句意和be可知后面用形容词careful。
10.
【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处,
which引导非限制性定语从句,
which在从句中作主语,
指代前面主句的内容。
三步确定从句类考题
Step
1 定(从句)类型
分析题干
it
is
possible
to
have
too
much
of
both,
10.
is
not
good
for
the
health.
(很可能两种都会吃很多,
这对健康没益处。)可知题空处应代指前面主句一整句话。由此可知此处考查定语从句。根据题空前的逗号可知此处考查非限制性定语从句,
且从句中缺主语。?
Step
2 定答案
填which。
话题词汇
medical,
disease,
overweight,
recover,
function,
taste,
diet
短语
recover
from,
as
if,
make
up
for,
the
amount
of,
go
to
extremes,
be
good
for
语法填空
There
has
been
a
recent
trend
in
the
food
service
industry
toward
1.
__________
(low)
fat
content
and
less
salt,
2.
__________
has
had
some
unintended
side
effects
such
as
overweight
and
heart
disease.
?
Fat
and
salt
are
very
important
3.
__________(part)
of
a
diet.
However,
when
fat
and
salt
4.
__________
(remove)
from
food,
the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something.
As
5.
__________
result,
people
will
eat
more
other
food,
for
example,
fast
food,
which
6.
__________(be)
full
of
fat
and
salt
and
bad
for
7.
__________(us)
health.
In
8.
__________(conclude),
we
should
be
careful
not
9.
__________(go)
to
extremes.
That
is
to
say,
we
neither
eat
too
much
10.
__________
too
little.
?
1.
【解析】lower。考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的less可知,
此处应用比较级。
2.
【解析】which。考查定语从句。在定语从句中which可以引导非限制性定语从句,
修饰主句一整句话,
且在从句中作主语。
3.
【解析】parts。考查名词的数。此处指Fat
and
salt两种成分。
4.
【解析】are
removed。考查时态语态。remove和主语fat
and
salt
之间是被动关系,
且是客观事实,
应用一般现在时的被动语态。
5.
【解析】a。考查冠词。as
a
result结果,
是固定搭配。
6.
【解析】is。考查主谓一致。此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,
修饰fast
food,
谓语动词应用单数。
7.
【解析】our。考查代词。句意:速食食品多含脂肪和盐,
对我们的健康有害。修饰名词应用形容词性物主代词。
8.
【解析】conclusion。考查词性转换。In
conclusion为固定短语,
意为“总之”。
9.
【解析】to
go。考查不定式。我们应该小心,
不要走极端。be
careful
(not)
to
do
sth.
小心(不要)做某事。
10.
【解析】nor。考查固定短语。此处考查短语neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
。
Ⅱ.
话题与高考写作
假定你是李华,
为了促进学生健康成长,
你校于上周五举办了一场由Smith教授主讲的以“We
are
what
we
eat”为主题的讲座。你的英国笔友Bill想了解该活动,
请你用英语给他回一封信:
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
Step
1 要点写作
根据汉语提示补全句子。
①史密斯教授被邀请来给我们做了一个关于健康饮食的讲座。
Professor
Smith
was
invited
to
give
us
a
speech
about
how
to
have
a
healthy
diet.
?
②史密斯教授不仅给我们提供了一些关于我们应该吃什么的建议,
而且也让我们更多地了解到我们的坏习惯。
Professor
Smith
not
only
offered
us
some
advice
on
what
we
should
eat,
but
also
have
us
know
more
about
our
bad
habits.
?
③史密斯教授的演讲使我们大为受益。
Professor
Smith’s
speech
has
benefited
us
greatly.
?
④牢记:
健康饮食是最好的疗法。
Remember:
there
is
no
better
treatment
than
a
healthy
diet.
?
⑤现在我们学会了均衡饮食,
并锻炼身体以增强体质,
因此,
我们现在更健康、精力更充沛了。
Now
we
have
learned
to
have
a
balanced
diet
and
take
more
exercise
to
build
up
our
strength,
therefore,
we
are
healthier
and
more
energetic
now.
?
Step
2 句式升级
⑥用定语从句改写⑤
Now
we
have
learned
to
have
a
balanced
diet
and
take
more
exercise
to
build
up
our
strength,
because
of
which
we
are
healthier
and
more
energetic
now.
?
Step
3 组句成篇
运用关联词串连以上句子。
Dear
Bill,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Bill,
I’m
glad
that
you
are
interested
in
the
speech.
To
help
us
grow
up
healthily,
Professor
Smith
was
invited
to
give
us
a
speech
about
how
to
have
a
healthy
diet
last
Friday.
Professor
Smith
not
only
offered
us
some
advice
on
what
we
should
eat,
but
also
have
us
know
more
about
our
bad
habits.
Professor
Smith’s
speech
has
benefited
us
greatly,
making
us
realize
the
influence
of
our
daily
habits
and
thoughts.
As
a
saying
goes,
“we
are
what
we
eat”
,
so
it
is
better
for
us
to
get
into
a
healthy
eating
habit.
Remember:
there
is
no
better
treatment
than
a
healthy
diet.
Now
we
have
learned
to
have
a
balanced
diet
and
take
more
exercise
to
build
up
our
strength,
because
of
which
we
are
healthier
and
more
energetic
now.
Yours,
Li
Hua
关闭Word文档返回原板块
PAGEUnit
1
核心素养 弘扬中国传统文化;
树立文化自信;
增强爱国意识;
了解外国文化
高考链接 2019·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达;
2017·全国卷I·C;
2016·全国卷Ⅲ·C;
2016·四川高考·短文改错
Ⅰ.
话题与高考阅读理解
(2017·全国卷I·C)
Some
of
the
world’s
most
famous
musicians
recently
gathered
in
Paris
and
New
Orleans
to
celebrate
the
first
annual
International
Jazz
Day.
UNESCO
(United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific
and
Cultural
Organization)
recently
set
April
30
as
a
day
to
raise
awareness
of
jazz
music,
its
significance,
and
its
potential
as
a
unifying(联合)voice
across
cultures.
Despite
the
celebrations,
though,
in
the
U.
S.
the
jazz
audience
continues
to
shrink
and
grow
older,
and
the
music
has
failed
to
connect
with
younger
generations.
It’s
Jason
Moran’s
job
to
help
change
that.
As
the
Kennedy
Center’s
artistic
adviser
for
jazz,
Moran
hopes
to
widen
the
audience
for
jazz,
make
the
music
more
accessible,
and
preserve
its
history
and
culture.
“Jazz
seems
like
it’s
not
really
a
part
of
the
American
appetite,
”Moran
tells
National
Public
Radio’s
reporter
Neal
Conan.
“What
I’m
hoping
to
accomplish
is
that
my
generation
and
younger
start
to
reconsider
and
understand
that
jazz
is
not
black
and
white
anymore.
It’s
actually
color,
and
it’s
actually
digital.
”
Moran
says
one
of
the
problems
with
jazz
today
is
that
the
entertainment
aspect
of
the
music
has
been
lost.
“The
music
can’t
be
presented
today
the
way
it
was
in
1908
or
1958.
It
has
to
continue
to
move,
because
the
way
the
world
works
is
not
the
same,
”says
Moran.
Last
year,
Moran
worked
on
a
project
that
arranged
Fats
Waller’s
music
for
a
dance
party,
“Just
to
kind
of
put
it
back
in
the
mind
that
Waller
is
dance
music
as
much
as
it
is
concert
music,
”says
Moran.
“For
me,
it’s
the
recontextualization
(语境重构).
In
music,
where
does
the
emotion(情感)lie?
Are
we,
as
humans,
gaining
any
insight(感悟)on
how
to
talk
about
ourselves
and
how
something
as
abstract
as
a
Charlie
Parker
record
gets
us
into
a
dialogue
about
our
emotions
and
our
thoughts?
Sometimes
we
lose
sight
that
the
music
has
a
wider
context,
”says
Moran,
“so
I
want
to
continue
those
dialogues.
Those
are
the
things
I
want
to
foster.
”
1.
Why
did
UNESCO
set
April
30
as
International
Jazz
Day?
A.
To
remember
the
birth
of
jazz.
B.
To
protect
cultural
diversity.
C.
To
encourage
people
to
study
music.
D.
To
recognize
the
value
of
jazz.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的“to
raise
awareness
of
jazz
music,
its
significance,
and
its
potential
as
a
unifying
voice
across
cultures”可知,
UNESCO把4月30日定为国际爵士音乐节的目的是提高人们对爵士乐以及它的重要性和潜力的认识。故选D。
2.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.
Jazz
becoming
more
accessible.
B.
The
production
of
jazz
growing
faster.
C.
Jazz
being
less
popular
with
the
young.
D.
The
jazz
audience
becoming
larger.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。that指代第二段中提到的爵士乐观众减少,
不能得到年轻一代的青睐。故选C。
3.
What
can
we
infer
about
Moran’s
opinion
on
jazz?
A.
It
will
disappear
gradually.
B.
It
remains
black
and
white.
C.
It
should
keep
up
with
the
times.
D.
It
changes
every
50
years.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段Moran说的“.
.
.
jazz
is
not
black
and
white
anymore.
It’s
actually
color,
and
it’s
actually
digital.
”及第五段“The
music
can’t
be
presented
today
the
way
it
was
in
1908
or
1958.
It
has
to
continue
to
move,
because
the
way
the
world
works
is
not
the
same”可知,
他认为世界在变,
爵士乐应该与时俱进。故选C。
4.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Exploring
the
Future
of
Jazz
B.
The
Rise
and
Fall
of
Jazz
C.
The
Story
of
a
Jazz
Musician
D.
Celebrating
the
Jazz
Day
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段提到了国际爵士音乐节的目的是让人们认识到爵士乐的价值。然后,
根据Moran,
一位爵士乐顾问说的话可知,
他想探索爵士乐的未来,
让它与时俱进,
继续发扬光大。故选A。
话题词汇
gather,
celebrate,
significance,
audienceentertainment,
arrange
短语句式
raise
awareness
of,
fail
to
do,
work
on,
as
much
as,
It’s
Jason
Moran’s
job
to
help
change
that(it作形式主语).
熟词新义
move
v.
移动,
搬家;
(向)前进,
(向前)发展(新)
语法填空
Some
of
the
world’s
most
famous
musicians
recently
gathered
in
Paris
and
New
Orleans
1.
_________
(celebrate)the
first
annual
International
Jazz
Day.
UNESCO
(联合国教科文组织)
recently
set
April
30
as
a
day
to
raise
2.
_________
(aware)
of
jazz
music.
?
It’s
Jason
Moran’s
job
3.
_________
(help)change
that.
Moran
hopes
to
4.
_____
(wide)the
audience
for
jazz,
make
the
music
more
5.
_________
(access),
and
preserve
its
history
and
culture.
Moran
says
one
of
the
6.
(problem)with
jazz
today
is
that
the
entertainment
aspect
of
the
music
has
been
lost.
“The
music
can’t
7.
_________
(present)
today
the
way
8.
_________
was
in
1908
or
1958.
It
has
to
continue
to
move,
9.
the
way
the
world
works
is
not
10.
same,
”says
Moran.
?
1.
【解析】to
celebrate。考查不定式作目的状语。句意:
一些世界最为著名的音乐家最近聚集在巴黎和新奥尔良庆祝第一届国际爵士音乐节。根据句意可知此处为目的状语。故填to
celebrate。
2.
【解析】awareness。考查名词。句意:
联合国教科文组织设定这一节日目的在于提高人们对于爵士乐的意识。raise
awareness
of
提高……的意识。故填awareness。
3.
【解析】to
help。考查固定句型。句意:
帮助改变这一现状是Jason
Moran的工作。此处为it作形式主语的句型。故填to
help。
4.
【解析】widen。考查动词。句意:
Moran希望扩大爵士乐的观众数量,
使其更容易为观众所接近。widen拓宽。故填widen。
5.
【解析】accessible。考查形容词。句意:
Moran希望扩大爵士乐的观众数量,
使其更容易为观众所接近。accessible易接近的。故填accessible。
6.
【解析】problems。考查名词复数。句意:
Moran说今天爵士乐的问题之一在于它的娱乐因素没了。one
of后跟名词复数。故填problems。
7.
【解析】be
presented。考查被动语态。句意:
这种音乐不能像在1908或1958年那样被呈现在今天了。音乐应该是被呈现,
且前面有情态动词
can’t。故填be
presented。
8.
【解析】it。考查代词。句意:
这种音乐不能像在1908或1958年那样被呈现在今天了。it代指the
music。故填it。
9.
【解析】because。考查原因状语从句。句意:
爵士乐也要发展,
因为世界运转的方式不再相同。根据句意可知此处表原因,
故填because。
10.
【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:
爵士乐也要发展,
因为世界运转的方式不再相同。the
same相同。故填the。
Ⅱ.
话题与高考写作
假设你是李华,
你的英国笔友Tom想了解中国春节的风俗习惯,
请写信向他简单介绍。
1.
春节标志着新的一年的开始。
2.
传统:
包水饺等。
3.
孩子穿新衣,
有压岁钱。
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
尽量使用本模块学过的词汇和短语。
Step
1 要点写作
根据汉语提示补全句子。
①The
Spring
Festival
in
China
marks
the
beginning
of
a
new
year.
?
中国的春节标志着新的一年的开始。
②On
New
Year’s
Eve
all
family
members
get
together
to
celebrate
the
festival.
?
除夕夜,
所有的家庭成员聚在一起庆祝节日。
③In
my
hometown,
people
will
make
dough
to
make
dumplings.
The
dough
consists
of
flour
and
water.
?
在我的家乡,
人们会和面包饺子,
面团包含水和面粉。
④Last
Spring
Festival,
I
ate
a
dumpling;
what
made
me
surprised
was
to
find
a
coin
in
it.
This
made
me
happy,
because
a
coin
in
a
dumpling
means
good
luck.
去年春节,
我吃了一个饺子,
结果发现里面有一枚硬币。这使我很高兴,
因为饺子里面有硬币意味着好运气。?
⑤At
the
festival,
we
eat,
drink
and
have
fun.
Children
dressed
in
new
clothes
will
get
lucky
money.
假日期间,
我们吃吃喝喝,
玩得很尽兴。穿着新衣服的孩子们还会得到压岁钱。?
⑥To
reduce
pollution,
more
people
will
not
set
off
fireworks.
?
为了减少污染,
更多的人将不会放烟花。
⑦It
is
a
relaxing
festival
so
people
can
enjoy
much
freedom
and
rest.
这是一个令人放松的节日所以人们能够享受很多的自由和休息。?
⑧When
it
comes
to
an
end,
many
people
will
have
a
lot
of
nice
memories.
?
当它结束时,
很多人会有很多美好的回忆。
Step
2 句式升级
⑨将第③句改为现在分词作定语
In
my
hometown,
people
will
make
dough
consisting
of
flour
and
water
to
make
dumplings.
?
⑩将第④句改为不定式作结果状语,
以及非限定性定语从句
Last
Spring
Festival,
I
ate
a
dumpling,
only
to
find
a
coin
in
it,
which
made
me
happy,
because
a
coin
in
a
dumpling
means
good
luck.
?
Step
3 组句成篇
运用关联词串连以上句子。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear
Tom,
The
Spring
Festival
in
China
marks
the
beginning
of
a
new
year.
On
New
Year’s
Eve,
all
family
members
get
together
to
celebrate
the
festival.
In
my
hometown,
people
will
make
dough
consisting
of
flour
and
water
to
make
dumplings.
Last
Spring
Festival,
I
ate
a
dumpling,
only
to
find
a
coin
in
it,
which
made
me
happy,
because
a
coin
in
a
dumpling
means
good
luck.
At
the
festival,
we
eat,
drink
and
have
fun.
Children
dressed
in
new
clothes
will
get
lucky
money.
To
reduce
pollution,
more
people
will
not
set
off
fireworks.
It
is
a
relaxing
festival
so
people
can
enjoy
much
freedom
and
rest.
When
it
comes
to
an
end,
many
people
will
have
a
lot
of
nice
memories.
Welcome
to
China
and
enjoy
the
festival
with
us.
Yours,
Li
Hua
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