(共15张PPT)
第四
讲
数
词
中考一轮复习3+2
全国版
中考对数词的考查主要围绕基数词和序数词的用法、时刻表达法、年、月、日表达法、电话号码及编号、分数的表达法、百分数的表达法、加减乘除表示法、hundred、thousand、million、billion的用法。卷面中数词所占分值约为
2-3分左右,一般分布在单选、完形填空、翻译中。
考情小结
知识清单
数词
基数词和序数词
概数词
分数
基数词和序数词的表示方法
表示确切的数字
表示不确切的数字
表示方法
基数词和序数词的用法
考点透析
命题点一
基数词
基数词记忆口诀:
基数词很容易,0至12词各异,单独记。13至19,以teen结尾不要丢;20至90,整十后面有个ty;几十几,也容易:先说几十,再说几,中间短杠“-”加上去。hundred是一百,
百内数字记心怀。几百几,挺容易:先说几百,再说几,中间and加上去。thousand是一千,千内数字记心间。
典例1:(
)(2020天水)27.My
grandparents
live
in
an
old
apartment
with
_____
floors
and
they
are
on
the
____
floor
A.
five,
five
B.
five,
fifth
C.
fifth,
fifth
D.
fifth,
five
考点突破
B
【解析】句意:我的祖父母住在一间五层的旧公寓里,他们在五楼。考查数词。five基数词,表示数量5个;fifth序数词,表示顺序第五,根据第一个空后的floors为名词复数形式,可知用基数词five,表示“有5层的公寓”,根据第二个空后的floor为名词单数形式,可知用序数词fifth,表示“第5层”,故选B。
举一反三
(
)(2020黑龙江龙东)My
son
is
_____years
old.
Today
is
his
_____
birthday.
A.
twelve;twelve
B.
twelve;twelfth
C.
twelfth;twelve
【解析】句意:我儿子十二岁了。今天是他第十二个生日。考查基数词和序数词。twelve十二,基数词;twelfth第十二,序数词。基数词加上years
old,表示人的年纪,故第一个空应填入基数词twelve,C选项可排除。根据句子结构,第二个空应填入序数词twelfth,修饰单数名词birthday。故选B。
B
考点透析
命题点二
序数词的用法
序数词记忆口诀:
基变序,很容易,基后th跟上去,第一、二、三要牢记,因为它们是特殊
的(first、second、third)。8去t,9去e;ve要用f替,5
和12记心里;
y尾单词变ie,此类词都是整十的;上述变化要牢记,th后面跟上去。
要变几十几,也是很容易:只变个位就可以。
典例1:(
)(2020镇江)Peng
Min
finally
became
the
winner
of______season
of
CCTV's
Chinese
Poetry
Conference.
A.
five
B.
fifth
C.
the
fifth
D.
fifths
考点突破
【解析】句意:彭敏最终成为中国第五届诗词大会的冠军。考查数词。five基数词,五;fifth第五,序数词;the
fifth第五;fifths序数词的复数。冠军单数名词season可知此处用定冠词加上序数词的形式the
fifth表示“第五届”。故选C。
C
举一反三
(
)(2020吉林)On
my_____
birthday,
my
aunt
gave
me
a
nice
dress
as
a
present.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
the
ninth
【解析】句意:在我九岁生日的时候,我的姑姑给我一条漂亮的裙子作为礼物。考查数词。nine九;ninth第九;the
ninth是定冠词+序数词的结构。根据单数名词birthday可知此处用序数词ninth表示“第九”,空前有形容词性物主代词my不需要再用定冠词the。故选B。
B
思维导图
命题点三
分数的用法
1.分数的表达:分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于1.分母加s.
2.当分数后面接名词时,如果分数表示的值大于1,名词用复数;
如果分数表示的值小于1,名词用单数。
典例1:(
)(2020黄石)There
are
about
eight
hundred
students
in
the
school.
___of
them
are
boys.
A.
Three
fifth
B.
Third
fifth
C.
Third
five
D.
Three
fifths
考点突破
【解析】句意:这所学校大约有800名学生。他们中五分之三是男孩。考查分数表达。根据语境可知,他们中五分之三是男孩。英语中分数的表达适合“子基母序”原则,即分子为基数词,分母为序数词。若分子大于一,则分母用其复数形式。故五分之三应表示为three
fifths。故选D。
D
举一反三
(
)(2020恩施)3.Among
all
these
books,
________
of
them
are
for
children
to
read.
A.
three
fifth
B.
three
fifths
C.
threes
fifth
B
【解析】句意:在这些书中,五分之三的书是给孩子们阅读的。考查分数的表达。
分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子
是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。此处分子是three,分子大于1,
分母是序数词的复数fifths。故选B。
思维导图
命题点四
确数的用法
1.表示确切的数字:具体数字+概数词+可数名词复数hundred,thousand,million,billion等词与具体的数字one,two...或several,some,many
等连用时,要用单数形式。
2.表示不确切的数字:概数词-s+of+可数名词复数与of连用时,要用复数形式,但前面不能再加具体的数字。
典例1:(
)(2020益阳)We
all
know
that
________
birds
fly
to
Dongting
Lake
in
winter.
A.
million
B.
millions
C.
millions
of
考点突破
【解析】句意:我们都知道冬天有数百万只鸟飞到洞庭湖。考查数词的用法。million百万。当million前有具体基数词时,million用原形;当million前没有具体基数词时,用millions
of短语表示“数以百万计的”。根据题干可知空前没有基数词,此处用millions
of。故选C。
C
感谢欣赏中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【备考2021】2020年全国各省市中考英语真题分类解析汇编之数词
数词
(
)1.(2020黄石)13.There
are
about
eight
hundred
students
in
the
school.
___of
them
are
boys.
A.
Three
fifth
B.
Third
fifth
C.
Third
five
D.
Three
fifths
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这所学校大约有800名学生。他们中五分之三是男孩。考查分数表达。根据语境可知,他们中五分之三是男孩。英语中分数的表达适合“子基母序”原则,即分子为基数词,分母为序数词。若分子大于一,则分母用其复数形式。故五分之三应表示为three
fifths。故选D。
(
)2.(2020吉林)9.On
my_____
birthday,
my
aunt
gave
me
a
nice
dress
as
a
present.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
the
ninth
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在我九岁生日的时候,我的姑姑给我一条漂亮的裙子作为礼物。考查数词。nine九;ninth第九;the
ninth是定冠词+序数词的结构。根据单数名词birthday可知此处用序数词ninth表示“第九”,空前有形容词性物主代词my不需要再用定冠词the。故选B。
(
)3.(2020镇江)2.Peng
Min
finally
became
the
winner
of______season
of
CCTV's
Chinese
Poetry
Conference.
A.
five
B.
fifth
C.
the
fifth
D.
fifths
【答案】C
【解析】句意:彭敏最终成为中国第五届诗词大会的冠军。考查数词。five基数词,五;fifth第五,序数词;the
fifth第五;fifths序数词的复数。冠军单数名词season可知此处用定冠词加上序数词的形式the
fifth表示“第五届”。故选C。
(
)4.(2020牡丹江、鸡西)5.Some
people
prefer
tea_____
milk.
However,
I
like
drinking
tea
without
anything
in
it.
A.
to
B.
with
C.
of
【答案】B
【解析】句意:有些人喜欢加牛奶的茶。不过,我喜欢喝茶时不加任何东西。考查介词辨析。to去、到……,表动作的方向;with和……一起,表伴随;of……的,表所属;下文“However,
I
like
drinking
tea
without
anything
in
it”根据however句意转折,推断空格指加牛奶的茶;故选B。
(
)5.(2020海南)7.Eight
members
of
a
Chinese
team
arrived
___the
top
of
Mount
Qomolangma
successfully.
A.
in
B.
at
C.
to
【答案】B
【解析】句意:中国八名队员成功登上了珠穆朗玛峰山顶。考查介词辨析。in后接大地点;at后接小地点;to到。固定搭配:arrive
in+大地点;arrive
at+小地点,空格后the
top
of
Mount
Qomolangma是小地点,故选B。
(
)6.(2020恩施)3.Among
all
these
books,
________
of
them
are
for
children
to
read.
A.
three
fifth
B.
three
fifths
C.
threes
fifth
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在这些书中,五分之三的书是给孩子们阅读的。考查分数的表达。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。此处分子是three,分子大于1,分母是序数词的复数fifths。故选B。
(
)7.(2020重庆)5.Teachers'
Day
is
in
September,
the
____
month
of
the
year.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
ten
D.
tenth
【答案】B
【解析】句意:教师节在九月,一年中的第九个月份。考查序数词。nine九,基数词;ninth第九,序数词;ten十,基数词;tenth第十,序数词。根据常识可知,九月是一年中的第九个月份,故C和D不对;且这里应用序数词,表示顺序。故选B。
(
)8.(2020滨州)3.—I
like
the
number
“9”
best,
because
I
think
it
stands
for
“long
lasting”.
—
Me
too.
So
I
choose
________
floor
to
live
on.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
the
nine
D.
the
ninth
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——我最喜欢数字“9”因为我觉得它代表“长久”。——我也是,所以我选择住在九楼。考查序数词表示顺序。nine九;ninth第九;the
nine这个九;the
ninth第九。ninth是序数词,表示顺序时应加定冠词the,根据句中floor可知,此处应使用the
ninth,the
ninth
floor表示“第九楼”。故选D。
(
)9.(2020鄂州)4.Because
of
the
special
situation
this
year,
about
________
of
the
students
in
our
school
________
having
classes
on
the
Internet
at
home.
A.
two
thirds;
are
B.
two
third;
is
C.
second
thirds;
are
D.
two
thirds;
is
【答案】A
【解析】句意:因为今年的特殊情况,我们学校大约三分之二的学生在家上网课。考查分数的表达以及主谓一致。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。此处表示“三分之二”,分子用基数词two,分母用thirds。“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。of后the
students是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式are。故选A。
(
)10.(2020丹东)2.The
words
from
Page
1
to
Page
3
are
very
clear.
But
the
ones
on
the
_____
page
are
not.
A.
first
B.
two
C.
three
D.
fourth
【答案】D
【解析】句意:第1页到第3页的单词是非常清楚的。但是第四页的单词不清楚。考查数词辨析。first第一,序数词;two二,基数词;three三,基数词;fourth第四,序数词。句中
“The
words
from
Page
1
to
Page
3
are
very
clear.”
已经提到第1页到第3页的单词很清楚,因此结合选项,这里说的应该是第四页,这里应用序数词,修饰后面的名词page。故选D。
(
)11.(2020绥化)2.About
__________
of
the
students
don’t
like
studying
online
in
my
class,
because
they
can’t
discuss
with
their
classmates.
A.
one
three
B.
one
thirds
C.
one
third
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我班上大约有三分之一的学生不喜欢上网课,因为他们不能和同学讨论。考查分数的表达。根据英语语法,分数的表达方式为“基数词+序数词”,其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母,除了基数词是1的情况之外,其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式,当基数词是1时,序数词用单数。本题三分之一应表达为one
third,故选C。
(
)12.(2020益阳)2.We
all
know
that
________
birds
fly
to
Dongting
Lake
in
winter.
A.
million
B.
millions
C.
millions
of
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们都知道冬天有数百万只鸟飞到洞庭湖。考查数词的用法。million百万。当million前有具体基数词时,million用原形;当million前没有具体基数词时,用millions
of短语表示“数以百万计的”。根据题干可知空前没有基数词,此处用millions
of。故选C。
(
)13.(2020湖北鄂州)7.Although
the
man
is
in
his
eighties,
he
grows
vegetables
________
in
his
garden.
A.
in
public
B.
in
person
C.
in
silence
D.
in
fact
【答案】B
【解析】句意:虽然这个人已经80多岁了,但他还是亲自在自己的花园里种菜。考查介词短语。in
public公开地,当众;in
person亲自;in
silence沉默地;in
fact事实上。根据题干中“Although
the
man
is
in
his
eighties”可知这个人已经80岁了,句子前后是让步关系,由此可推出是说亲自在花园里种菜,用in
person符合题意。故选B。
(
)14.(2020湖北鄂州)4.Because
of
the
special
situation
this
year,
about
________
of
the
students
in
our
school
________
having
classes
on
the
Internet
at
home.
A.
two
thirds;
are
B.
two
third;
is
C.
second
thirds;
are
D.
two
thirds;
is
【答案】A
【解析】句意:因为今年的特殊情况,我们学校大约三分之二的学生在家上网课。考查分数的表达以及主谓一致。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。此处表示“三分之二”,分子用基数词two,分母用thirds。“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。of后the
students是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式are。故选A。
(
)15.(2020黑龙江龙东)3.My
son
is
________
years
old.
Today
is
his
________
birthday.
A.
twelve;twelve
B.
twelve;twelfth
C.
twelfth;twelve
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我儿子十二岁了。今天是他第十二个生日。考查基数词和序数词。twelve十二,基数词;twelfth第十二,序数词。基数词加上years
old,表示人的年纪,故第一个空应填入基数词twelve,C选项可排除。根据句子结构,第二个空应填入序数词twelfth,修饰单数名词birthday。故选B。
(
)16.2020贵州黔南州4.Tomorrow
we
are
going
to
celebrate
my
dear
grandpa's
___
birthday.
A.
eighty
B.
eightieth
C.
eight
D.
eighth
【答案】B
【解析】句意:明天我们打算庆祝亲爱的爷爷的八十岁生日。考查序数词。eighty八十,基数词;eightieth第八十,序数词;eight八,基数词;eighth第八,序数词。根据此处修饰其后名词birthday可知,用序数词表示第几个生日,排除AC;根据是grandpa,可知是八十岁,故选B。
(
)17.(2020天水)27.My
grandparents
live
in
an
old
apartment
with
_____
floors
and
they
are
on
the
____
floor
A.
five,
five
B.
five,
fifth
C.
fifth,
fifth
D.
fifth,
five
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我的祖父母住在一间五层的旧公寓里,他们在五楼。考查数词。five基数词,表示数量5个;fifth序数词,表示顺序第五,根据第一个空后的floors为名词复数形式,可知用基数词five,表示“有5层的公寓”,根据第二个空后的floor为名词单数形式,可知用序数词fifth,表示“第5层”,故选B。
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【备考2021】2020年全国各省市中考英语真题分类解析汇编之数词
数词
(
)1.(2020黄石)13.There
are
about
eight
hundred
students
in
the
school.
___of
them
are
boys.
A.
Three
fifth
B.
Third
fifth
C.
Third
five
D.
Three
fifths
(
)2.(2020吉林)9.On
my_____
birthday,
my
aunt
gave
me
a
nice
dress
as
a
present.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
the
ninth
(
)3.(2020镇江)2.Peng
Min
finally
became
the
winner
of______season
of
CCTV's
Chinese
Poetry
Conference.
A.
five
B.
fifth
C.
the
fifth
D.
fifths
(
)4.(2020牡丹江、鸡西)5.Some
people
prefer
tea_____
milk.
However,
I
like
drinking
tea
without
anything
in
it.
A.
to
B.
with
C.
of
(
)5.(2020海南)7.Eight
members
of
a
Chinese
team
arrived
___the
top
of
Mount
Qomolangma
successfully.
A.
in
B.
at
C.
to
(
)6.(2020恩施)3.Among
all
these
books,
________
of
them
are
for
children
to
read.
A.
three
fifth
B.
three
fifths
C.
threes
fifth
(
)7.(2020重庆)5.Teachers'
Day
is
in
September,
the
____
month
of
the
year.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
ten
D.
tenth
(
)8.(2020滨州)3.—I
like
the
number
“9”
best,
because
I
think
it
stands
for
“long
lasting”.
—
Me
too.
So
I
choose
________
floor
to
live
on.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
the
nine
D.
the
ninth
(
)9.(2020鄂州)4.Because
of
the
special
situation
this
year,
about
________
of
the
students
in
our
school
________
having
classes
on
the
Internet
at
home.
A.
two
thirds;
are
B.
two
third;
is
C.
second
thirds;
are
D.
two
thirds;
is
(
)10.(2020丹东)2.The
words
from
Page
1
to
Page
3
are
very
clear.
But
the
ones
on
the
_____
page
are
not.
A.
first
B.
two
C.
three
D.
fourth
(
)11.(2020绥化)2.About
__________
of
the
students
don’t
like
studying
online
in
my
class,
because
they
can’t
discuss
with
their
classmates.
A.
one
three
B.
one
thirds
C.
one
third
(
)12.(2020益阳)2.We
all
know
that
________
birds
fly
to
Dongting
Lake
in
winter.
A.
million
B.
millions
C.
millions
of
(
)13.(2020湖北鄂州)7.Although
the
man
is
in
his
eighties,
he
grows
vegetables
________
in
his
garden.
A.
in
public
B.
in
person
C.
in
silence
D.
in
fact
(
)14.(2020湖北鄂州)4.Because
of
the
special
situation
this
year,
about
________
of
the
students
in
our
school
________
having
classes
on
the
Internet
at
home.
A.
two
thirds;
are
B.
two
third;
is
C.
second
thirds;
are
D.
two
thirds;
is
(
)15.(2020黑龙江龙东)3.My
son
is
________
years
old.
Today
is
his
________
birthday.
A.
twelve;twelve
B.
twelve;twelfth
C.
twelfth;twelve
(
)16.2020贵州黔南州4.Tomorrow
we
are
going
to
celebrate
my
dear
grandpa's
___
birthday.
A.
eighty
B.
eightieth
C.
eight
D.
eighth
(
)17.(2020天水)27.My
grandparents
live
in
an
old
apartment
with
_____
floors
and
they
are
on
the
____
floor
A.
five,
five
B.
five,
fifth
C.
fifth,
fifth
D.
fifth,
five
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