中科英语现在完成时知识点及练习题（无答案）

时态讲解：现在完成时
1）现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My
daughter
has
just
gone
out.
我女儿刚出去。
I’m
sure
we’ve
met
before.
我肯定我们以前见过面。
She
has
arrived.
她到了。
2）表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,
already,
just,
lately,
for…,
since…,yet等。如：
I
haven’t
heard
from
her
these
days.
这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We
haven’t
seen
you
recently.
最近我们没有见到你。
They
have
been
away
for
two
years.
他们离开已经两年了。
She
has
been
with
us
since
Monday.
3）.
现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.
We
have
had
four
texts
this
semester.
6.
have
been
to
和have
gone
to的区别
have
been
to
强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：
He
has
been
to
the
USA
three
times.
他到美国去过三次。（过去“到美国”，现在已“不在美国”）
have
gone
to主要强调的是“去了”，现在人不在说话的现场，如：
--Where's
your
mother?
--你妈妈在哪？
--She
has
gone
to
the
hospital.
--她去医院了。
一
结构
1.肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他
2.否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他
3.一般疑问句：have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
Yes,
主语+have/has.
No
,
主语+have/has+not
4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
二
常和现在完成时一起连用的时间状语
注意:.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for,
since连用.
1.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用
如already（肯定）,
yet（否定，疑问）,
just,
before,
recently,
still,
lately，Just,
already,
yet,
ever,
never,
before,
twice(重复性时间)，
for+短时间，
since+点时间，
so
far,
how
long
提问的疑问句中.......
　　He
has
already
obtained
a
scholarship.
　　I
haven't
seen
much
of
him
recently
(lately).
　　We
have
seen
that
film
before.
　　Have
they
found
the
missing
child
yet
?
2.
现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,
　　如ever,
never,
twice,
several
times等:
　　Have
you
ever
been
to
Beijing
　　I
have
never
heard
Bunny
say
anything
against
her.
　　I
have
used
this
pen
only
three
times.
It
is
still
good.
　　George
has
met
that
gentleman
several
times.
3.
现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,
　　如up
to
these
few
days/weeks/months/years,
just,
up
to
present(now),
so
far等:
　　Peter
has
written
six
papers
so
far.
　　Up
to
the
present
everything
has
been
successful.
三
当现在完成时与表示短时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则转化为对应的延续性动词。
若不是和短时间连用，则不用转化。
英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。
1.
持续性动词:
表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。
常见的study,
play,
do,
read,
learn,
drive,
write,
clean
,
sleep,
speak,
talk,
wait,
fly,
stay,
sit,
stand,
lie,
keep等。
2.
瞬间性动词:
表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。
常见的--begin,
start,
finish,
go,
come,
leave,
find,
get
up,
arrive,
reach,
get
to,
enter,
hear,
stop,
open,
close,
become,
buy,
borrow,
lend,
happen,
join,
lose,
renew,
die,
take
away,
put
up,
set
out,
put
on,
get
on/off等
3.
瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常用意思相当的持续性动词来替换
He
has
been
in
the
army/a
soldier
for
three
years.
（他参军已有3年了。）不用has
joined
She
has
been
up
for
quite
some
time.
（她起床已有好久了。）不用has
got
up
Has
your
brother
been
away
from
home
for
a
long
time?
（离家已有好久了吗？）不用has
left
常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系：
1、go—be
away
2、come—be
here
3、come
back—be
back
4、leave—be
away（be
not
here）
5、buy—have
6、borrow—keep
7、die——be
dead
8、begin——be
on
9、finish—be
over
10、open——be
open
11、close——be
closed
12、lose——be
lost
13、get
to
know—know
14、turn
on—be
on
15、get
up——be
up
16、sit
down—sit/beseated
17、join—be
in（…）或be
a…member
18、become—be
4.
瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用
例如：I
haven’t
seen
you
for
a
long
time.（好久没见到你了。）
四
区别下面三组词
Have
been
to
表示去过某地方，不过现在已经回来
Have
gone
to
表示去了，还未回来
Have
been
in
表示一直在某个地方
五现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；而一般过去时表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。
　　I
have
just
been
to
London.
I
went
there
last
month.
我刚去过伦敦，是上个月去的。
　　1.
过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。　
　　2.
过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
　　一般过去时的时间状语:
　　yesterday,
last
week，…ago,
in1980,
in
October,
just
now,
具体的时间状语
　　共同的时间状语:
　　this
morning,
tonight,
this
April,
now,
once，before,
already,
recently，lately
　　现在完成时的时间状语
　　for,
since,
so
far,
ever,
never,
just,
yet,
till
/
until,
up
to
now,
in
past
years,
always,
六
现在完成时的反义疑问句的结构
主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他，
have/has+not+主语
主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词+其他，
have/has+主语
七
现在完成时考点例析
一、考查其构成
"助动词have
(has)
+动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如：
1.
Kate's
never
seen
Chinese
films，____
??
A.
hasn't
she
B.
has
she
C.
isn't
she
D.
is
she
析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate
has的缩写，故选B。
2.
His
uncle
has
already
posted
the
photos
to
him.
(改为否定句)
His
uncle
______
posted
the
photos
to
him
______.
析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn't,
yet。
3.
-Ann
has
gone
to
Shanghai.
-So
______her
parents.
??A.
has
B.
had
C.
did
D.
have
析："so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her
parents是复数,故选D。
二、考查其用法与标志词
(一)当句中有never,
ever,
just,
already,
yet,
before等时，常用现在完成时。如：
1.
-Mum,
may
I
go
out
and
play
basketball?
　-______you______
your
homework
yet?
A.
Do;
finish
??B.
Are;
finishing
??C.
Did;
finish
???D.
Have;
finished
2.
-______
you
______anywhere
before?
-Yes,
but
I
can't
remember
where
I______
A.
Did;
surf;
surfed
????????B.
Have;
surfed;
surfed
C.
Did;
surf;
have
surfed
???D.
Have;
surfed;
have
surfed
析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。
(二)当句中有"for
+段时间"或"since
+点时间"等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如：
1.
His
brother
has
been
to
Stone
Forest
twice______he
came
to
Yunnan.
　A.
after
??B.
before
???C.
since
????D.
for
析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。
2.
Tom______the
CD
player
for
two
weeks.
　A.
has
lent
???B.
has
borrowed
???C.
has
bought
????D.
has
had
析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D。
3.
I______a
letter
from
him
since
he
left.
　A.
didn't
receive
??B.
haven't
got
??C.
didn't
have
??D.
haven't
heard
析：据since可知，应排除A、C，"hear
from
sb.=receive/get/have
a
letter
from
sb."意为"收到某人的来信"，故选B。
三、考查have/has
been
(to,
in)/have/has
gone
(to)的区别。如：
1.
-Have
you
ever______Lintong
to
see
the
Terra
Cotta
Warriors?　-Yes,
I
have.
　A.
went
to
????B.
gone
to
????C.
been
in
?????D.
been
to
析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为"去某地了"，C项意为"一直呆在某地"，D项意为"去过某地"，符合题意，故选D。
2.
My
parents
______
Shangdong
for
ten
years.
　A.
have
been
in
???B.
have
been
to??
?C.
have
gone
to
????D.
have
been
析：本题句中有"for+段时间"结构，据此可排除C，B项意为"去过某地"，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如：
1.
Sun's
aunt
has
gone
there
for
ten
years.(改成正确的句子)
析：非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's
+段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun's
aunt
has
been
there
for
ten
years.
/Sun's
aunt
went
there
ten
years
ago.
/It's
ten
years
since
Sun's
aunt
went
there.
2.
Susan
has
been
in
this
city
for
more
than
ten
years.(改为同义句)
　________more
than
ten
years
____Susan
______to
this
city.
析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It
is,
since,
came。
3.
I
won't
go
to
the
concert
because
I
____my
ticket.
　A.
lost
??B.
don't
lose
??C.
have
lost
??D.
is
coming
析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。
现在完成时的练习（一）
单项选择
1、Both
his
parents
look
sad.
Maybe
they
_______what’s
happened
to
him
.
Ａ.
knew
Ｂ.
have
known
Ｃ.
must
know
Ｄ.
will
know
2、He
has
_______
been
to
Shanghai,
has
he?
Ａ.
already
Ｂ.
never
Ｃ.
ever
Ｄ.
still
3、Have
you
met
Mr.
Li
______？
Ａ.
just
Ｂ.
ago
Ｃ.before
Ｄ.a
moment
ago
4、The
famous
writer
_____
one
new
book
in
the
past
two
year
.
Ａ.
is
writing
Ｂ.was
writing
Ｃ.wrote
Ｄ.has
written
5、—Our
country
______
a
lot
so
far
.　—Yes.
I
hope
it
will
be
even
____Ａ.
has
changed
;
well
Ｂ.
changed;
good
Ｃ.
has
changed
;
better
Ｄ.
changed;
better
6、Zhao
Lan
______already
______in
this
school
for
two
years
.
Ａ.
was;
studying
Ｂ.
will;
study
Ｃ.
has;
studied
Ｄ.
are;
studying
7、We
______
Xiao
Li
since
she
was
a
little
girl
.
Ａ.
know
Ｂ.
had
known
Ｃ.
have
known
Ｄ.
knew
8、Harry
Potter
is
a
very
nice
film.
I_______
it
twice
.
Ａ.
will
see
Ｂ.
have
seen
Ｃ.
saw
Ｄ.see
9、—These
farmers
have
been
to
the
United
States
—Really?
When
_____
there?
Ａ.
will
they
go
Ｂ.
did
they
go
Ｃ.
do
they
go
Ｄ.
have
they
gone
10、—______
you
___
your
homework
yet
?
　　
—Yes.
I
_____
it
a
moment
ago.
Ａ.
Did;
do;
finished
Ｂ.
Have;
done;
finished
Ｃ.
Have;
done;
have
finished
Ｄ.
will;
do;
finish
11、
His
father
______
the
Party
since
1978
.
Ａ.
joined
Ｂ.
has
joined
Ｃ.
was
in
D.
has
been
in
12、—Do
you
know
him
well
?
　
　—Sure
.We
_________
friends
since
ten
years
ago
.
Ａ.
were
Ｂ.
have
been
Ｃ.
have
become
Ｄ.
have
mad
113、—How
long
have
you
____
here
?
　　
—About
two
months.
Ａ.
been
Ｂ.
gone
Ｃ.
come
Ｄ.
Arrived
14、Hurry
up!
The
play
__________
for
ten
minutes.
Ａ.
has
begun
Ｂ.
had
begun
Ｃ.
has
been
on
Ｄ.
Began
15、
It
_____
ten
years
since
he
left
the
army
.
Ａ.
is
Ｂ.
has
Ｃ.
will
Ｄ.
Was
16、
Miss
Green
isn't
in
the
office.
she
_______
to
the
library.
Ａ.
has
gone
Ｂ.
went
Ｃ.will
go
Ｄ.
has
been
17、My
parents
______
Shandong
for
ten
years.
　　Ａ.
have
been
in
Ｂ.
have
been
to
　　Ｃ.
have
gone
to
Ｄ.
have
been
18、The
students
have
cleaned
the
classroom,
?
A.
so
they
B.
don’t
they
C.
have
they
D.
haven’t
they
19
has
Mr
White
been
a
member
of
Greener
China
since
he
to
China?
A.
How
soon,
comes
B.
How
often,
got
C.
How
long,
came
D.
How
far,
arrived
20、
His
uncle
for
more
than
9
years.
A.
has
come
here
B.
has
started
to
work
C.
has
lived
there
D.
has
left
the
university
句型转换。
1、He
has
never
surfed,
?（改成反意疑问句）
2、They
have
been
here
since
2000.
(对划线部分提问)
have
they
been
here?
3、The
old
man
_________
last
year.
He
for
a
year.
(die)
（动词填空）
4、This
factory
opened
twenty
years
ago.(同义句转换)
This
factory
________
for
twenty
years.
5、Miss
Gao
left
an
hour
ago.
(同义句转换)
Miss
Gao
________
_______
________
________
an
hour
ago.
6、Her
mother
has
been
a
Party
member
for
three
years
.（同义句）
　
Her
mother
_______
the
Party
three
years
________.
7、The
Green
Family
moved
to
France
two
years
ago.
(同义句转换)
_______
two
years
________
the
Green
family
moved
to
France.
8、The
bus
has
arrived
here.
It
arrived
ten
minutes
ago.
(把两个句子合并成一个句子)
___________________________________________
汉译英。
1.
我刚刚丢了我的化学书。（just）
2.
我以前从来没去过那个农场。(never)
3.
你已经看过这部电影了吗？
4.
我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
5.
他们已去了美国五年了。(for)
现在完成时练习（二）
一.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
proper
form.
1.
I____
already
____
(see)
the
film.
I
________
(see)
it
last
week.
2.
_____
he
____
(finish)
his
work
today?
Not
yet.
3.
My
father
____
just
____
(come)
back
from
work.
He
is
tired
now.
4.
Where’s
Li
Ming
?
He
__________
(go)
to
the
teacher’s
office.
5.
I
__________
(work)
here
since
I
______
(move)
here
in
1999.
6.
So
far
I
_______________(make)
quite
a
few
friends
here.
7.
How
long
________
the
Wangs
______________(stay)
here
?
For
two
weeks.
8.
I
________
just
___________
(finish)
my
homework.
9.
He
________
(go)
to
school
on
foot
every
day.
10.____
you
______
(find)
your
science
book
yet?
11.
If
it
____
(be)
fine
tomorrow,
I'll
go
with
you.
12.
The
students
____________
(read)
English
when
the
teacher
came
in.
13.
Look!
The
monkey
__________
(climb)
the
tree.
14.
My
mother
__________
(come)
to
see
me
next
Sunday.
15.
I've
lost
my
pen.
_________
you
________
(see)
it
anywhere?
二.
Choose
the
best
answer.
1.
How
long
have
you
_______
here?
A.
come
B.
got
C.
arrived
D.
been
2.
My
grandpa
died
_________.
A.
at
the
age
of
my
2
B.
for
2
years
C.
when
I
was
2.
D.
my
age
was
6.
3.
Jane
has
_____
to
BeiJing.
She
will
come
back
tomorrow.
A.
been
B.
gone
C.
went
D.
never
been
4.
It
is
ten
years
_____
I
last
saw
her.
A.
after
B.
since
C.
for
D.
that
5.--Who
will
go
to
the
station
to
meet
Lorry?
--I
will.
I
_____
her
several
times.
A.
met
B.
have
met
C.
had
met
D.
will
meet
6.
--What
a
nice
dress!
How
long
_____
you
_____
it?
--Just
2
weeks.
A.
will,
buy
B.
did,
buy
C.
are,
having
D.
have,
had
7.--Do
you
know
Lydia
very
well?
--Yes,
She
and
I
_____
friends
since
we
were
very
young.
A.
have
made
B.
have
become
C.
have
been
D.
have
turned
8.
The
Smiths
_______
in
China
for
8
years.
A.
has
lived
B.
lived
C.
have
been
D.
live
9.
--Hello,
this
is
Mr.
Green
speaking.
Can
I
speak
to
Mr.
Black?
--
Sorry.
He
______
the
Bainiao
Park.
A.
has
been
to
B.
has
gone
to
C.
went
to
D.
will
go
to
10.
--____
you
ever
____
to
the
US?
--
Yes,
twice.
A.
Have,
gone
B.
Have,
been
C,
Do,
go
D.
were,
going
三.
Rewrite
the
sentences.
1.
I
have
been
to
Macau
before.
(改为否定句)?
I
_________
_________
been
to
Macau
before.
2.
He
hasn’t
come
to
school
because
he
was
ill.
(就划线部分提问)
______
_______
he
come
to
school?
3.
I
bough
a
new
bike
just
now.
(用just改写)?
?
I
____
just
____
a
new
bike.
4.
We
began
to
learn
English
three
years
ago.(改为同义句)
We
____
____English
____three
years
5.
He
has
never
surfed,
_______
_______?
（改成反意疑问句）
6.
They
have
been
here
since
2000.
(对划线部分提问)
_______
_______have
they
been
here?
7.
The
old
man
_________
last
year.
He
has
_______
_______for
a
year.
(die)
（动词填空）
8.
Miss
Gao
left
an
hour
ago.
(同义句转换)
Miss
Gao
has
_______
________
________
an
hour
ago.
四.
Ask
the
questions
1)
I
have
been
there
for
two
days.
__________
_________
__________
you
__________
__________?
2)
My
father
has
lived
here
since
2000.
_________
_________
__________
your
father
_________
__________?
3)
He
left
here
yesterday.
_________
________
he
_________
__________?
4)
They
bought
a
book
two
hours
ago.
__________
___________
they
__________
a
book?
五.
Use
“never,
ever,
already,
just,
yet,
for,
since”
to
fill
in
the
blanks.
1.
I
have
_______
seen
him
before,
so
I
have
no
idea
about
him.
2.
Jack
has
_________
finished
his
homework.
3.
Mr.
Wang
has
taught
in
this
school
________
ten
years.
4.
“Have
you
________
seen
the
film?”
“No,
I
have
________
seen
it.”
5.
“Has
the
bus
left
_______?”
“Yes,
it
has
_________
left.”
六、用have
/
has
been
to
/
in,
have
gone
to及go的各种形式填空。
1)
Where
is
Jack?
He
__________
his
country.
2)
David
________
the
park
just
now.
3)
John
_______
England
since
he
came
back.
4)
How
long
_____
they
_____
this
village?
5)
The
Smiths
______
Beijing
for
years.
6)
_____
you
ever
____
America?
--
Yes,
I
_____
there
many
times.
7)
I
_____
this
school
since
three
years
ago.
8)
Where
is
Jim?
He
_____
the
farm.
9)
When_____
he
_____?
He
_______
an
hour
ago.
10)
Would
you
like
to
_____
to
the
zoo
with
me?
---Yes,
but
I
_____
there
before.
11)
Where
_____
you
_____
now?
---
I
____
to
the
zoo.
12)
He
often
_____
swimming.
13)
_____
you
______
there
last
year?
14)
_____
they
often
______
skating
in
winter?
七
用never,
ever,
already,
just,
yet,
for,
since填空
1.
I
have
_______
seen
him
before,
so
I
have
no
idea
about
him.
2.
Jack
has
_________
finished
his
homework.
3.
Mr.
Wang
has
taught
in
this
school
________
ten
years.
4.
“Have
you
________
seen
the
film?”
“No,
I
have
________
seen
it.”
5.
“Has
the
bus
left
_______?”
“Yes,
it
has
_________
left.”