高中英语-定语从句介词 which-介词 whom用法课件（30张ppt）

(共30张PPT)
高中英语-定语从句
介词
which-介词
whom用法课件
1.
This
is
the
novel
____
interests
me.
2.
The
magazine
_______
I
bought
yesterday
is
lost.
3.
The
man
_____
is
talking
with
my
sister
is
a
policeman.
4.
He
lives
in
a
room_______
window
faces
north.
that/which
(that/which)
who
whose
I
agree
with
the
idea
______________
you
approve
of.
（that/which/不填）
做of
的宾语
I
agree
with
the
idea
you
approve
of
which.
I
agree
with
the
idea
of
which
you
approve
.
请还原which
在从句中的位置
当关系代词充当定于从句中某一介词的宾语时，通常把介词提前，用“介词＋关系代词”来引导定语从句。
介词+which（指物）而不用
that
介词+whom
（指人）而不用
who
注意：
当介词前置时，只能用
whom
指人，which
指物
This
is
the
boy.
I
played
tennis
_____the
boy
yesterday.
We’ll
go
to
hear
the
famous
singer.
We
have
often
talked
_____the
famous
singer.
with
about
This
is
the
boy
whom
/that/
/
/who
I
played
tennis
with
yesterday.
We’ll
go
to
hear
the
famous
singer
whom
/who
/that
/
/
we
have
often
talked
about.
with
about
×
×
×
×
×
×
This
school
is
very
famous.
He
once
studied
____
this
school.
Tomorrow
I’ll
bring
here
the
magazine.
You
asked
____the
magazine.
in
for
This
school
which
/that/
/
he
once
studied
in
is
very
famous.
Tomorrow
I’ll
bring
here
the
magazine
which
/
that
/
/
you
asked
for.
in
for
×
×
×
×
在介词+which/
whom
引导定语的从句中，我们需要注意以下几点
1,在非正式的英语表达中，介词常常在定语从句的句尾。page.28.2
2,当介词处于定于从句的句尾时“whom”“
which”
可以用“that”
代替“whom”
可以用“who”替代。Page.28.3
3,当关系代词充当定语从句中介词的宾语且介词位于定语从句句末时“which
”“whom”可以省略。Page.28.4
4,在以
way为先行词的定语从句中通常由in
which或that引导，此时way在定语从句中充当状语，而且通常可以省略。
The
way
(that
/
in
which
)
he
answered
the
questions
was
surprising.
他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。
I
don’t
like
the
way
(that
/
in
which/)
you
laugh
at
her.
我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。
补充
当the
way
在定语从句中做主语或是宾语时，与普通先行词无异
I
want
to
know
the
way
he
told
you
yesterday.
(that/Which)
tell
sb.
sth.
介词的选用原则
1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭
配来决定。如：
①
This
is
the
book
on
which
I
spent
8
yuan.
②
This
is
the
book
for
which
I
paid
8
yuan.
spend
money
on
sth.为固定搭配
pay
money
for
sth.为固定搭配
2)
根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：
①I
remember
the
day
on
which
I
joined
the
League.
②I
remember
the
days
during
which
I
lived
here.
③I
remember
the
month
in
which
I
stayed
there.
强调在具体某一天要用介词on
强调在某几天时间内要用介词during
在month前介词要用in
3)
根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定
Oxygen,
________
which
man
can’t
live,
is
really
important.
氧气特别重要，没有它，人不能生存。
The
pen
_____which
he
is
writing
now
was
bought
yesterday.
他现在用的那支钢笔是昨天买的。
without
with
4注意：
属于固定搭配的动词短语，介词一般不能提前.
常见的这类动词短语有:
look
for/after/forward
to,
care
for(照顾，喜欢）
hear
of/about/from,
take
care
of
(优化方案P75)
例如
This
is
the
right
place
I’m
looking
for.
The
girl
whom
he
is
looking
after
is
his
sister.
1.
Do
you
know
the
girl_____________________
our
head
teacher
is
talking
?
2.
I
can’t
find
my
dictionary
___________I
paid
over
$100
.
3.
This
is
the
good
car____
______I
spent
all
my
money.
4.
She
is
the
teacher
_________all
his
students
show
respect
.
5.
The
teacher_____
________you
have
been
waiting
is
coming
in
a
minute.
More
Practice
to/with/about
whom
for
which
on
which
to
whom
for
whom
talking
to/with
/about
the
girl
pay…
for
the
dictionary
spend
money
on
the
car
show
respect
to
the
teacher
waiting
for
the
teacher
1)????
The
German
boss_____________
the
actress
works
is
a
kind
person.
2)????
The
host
_________
___________
the
guest
speaker
works
likes
singing.
3)????
The
pen
friend
_______________
the
poet
writes
is
good
at
literature.
for
whom
with
whom
to
whom
China
is
a
beautiful
country,
____
_____
we
are
proud.
Do
you
remember
the
day
___
______
you
joined
our
club?
This
is
the
house
____
_______
I
lived
two
years
ago.
In
the
dark
street,
there
wasn’t
a
single
person
____
_____
she
could
turn
for
help.
In
the
dark
street,
there
wasn’t
a
single
person
____
_____
she
could
ask
for
help.
of
on
which
in
which
to
whom
from
whom
which
Fill
in
the
blanks
with“介词+which/whom”:
Have
you
met
the
person
__________
he
was
speaking?
He
is
the
man
_________
you
can
turn
for
help.
The
farm
_________
we
worked
then
years
ago
isn’t
what
it
used
to
be.
This
is
the
tree
___________
we
used
to
play
games.
The
pen
__________
he
is
writing
now
was
bought
yesterday.
The
gas
_____________
we
can
not
live
is
called
oxygen.
More
examples
about
whom
to
whom
on
which
under
which
with
which
without
which
1.
定语从句中关系副词有：
when,
where,
why
2.
关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：
关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。
when
作时间状语；
where
作地点状语；
why
作原因状语
定语从句中关系副词的用法
He
remember
the
day
when
his
father
died.
I
went
back
to
the
place
where
I
was
born
and
grew
up.
Please
give
me
the
reason
why
you
were
late
this
time.
when
作时间状语，意为
on
the
day
where
作地点状语，意为in
the
place
why作原因状语，意为for
the
reason
3.
并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when,
where,
why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that
如：
We
often
think
of
the
days
we
spent
together
in
the
countryside.
which在定语从句中作宾语
Which
比较:
We
often
think
of
the
days
we
worked
together
in
the
countryside.
when
when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于
on
the
days
We
believe
the
reason
he
told
us.
比较:
The
reason
he
was
absent
yesterday
is
still
unknown.
that
why
做宾补
做原因状语
4.
关系副词when,
where和why也可用“介词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。
when
相当于“at/in/during…+which”
where
相当于“in/at/on…+which”
why
相当于“for
+
which”
1,Is
this
the
day
I
visited
the
museum?
2,This
is
the
reason
he
didn’t
come
to
the
meeting.
when/on
which
why/for
which
3,The
reason
he
was
absent
yesterday
is
still
unknown.
for
which/
why
I’ll
never
forget
the
day
when
I
joined
the
league.
句中when相当于on
which
where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”
如：
This
is
the
room
where
Lu
Xun
once
lived.
句中when相当于in
which
Detailed
explanation
when
在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于
“介词+关系代词（which）”。如：
why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当
于“介词for+
关系代词（which）”
如：
Do
you
know
the
reason
why
she
was
late?
It
rained
heavily,
for
which
he
was
late
for
the
class.
思考
是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词代替?
1.The
painting
(________
I
looked)
was
painted
by
me.
2.The
book
(___________
I
heard)
was
written
twenty
years
ago.
at
which
about
which
3.The
pen
(__________)
she
wrote
that
book)
can
now
be
seen
in
a
museum.
4.Kunming
is
a
beautiful
place
(
_____________
)
flowers
are
seen
all
the
year
round.
5.Yesterday
we
went
to
visit
the
house
(
_____________
)
the
great
writer
used
to
live.
with
which
where/in
which
where/in
which
6.
I
will
never
forgot
the
day
(_____________
)
I
first
met
you
on
the
ship.
7.
The
film
(____________I
fell
asleep)
was
very
boring.
结论：只有当
“介词+关系代词”充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。
on
which/when
during
which
Complete
each
sentence
using
an
attributive
clause.
Answers:
1.
________________________________
2.
________________________________
3.
________________________________
4.
________________________________
5.
________________________________
________________________________
(which)
I
know
very
little
about
in
which
I
bought
my
favorite
dress
about
which
I
told
you
about
last
week
from
whom
I
got
the
cup
from
whom
we
learn
how
to
write
with
brushes
Fill
in
the
blanks
using
the
words
and
phrases
on
page
31.
Answers:
1.
______________
2.
_______________
3.
______________
4.
_______________
5.
______________
6.
_______________
why
/
for
which
when
/
in
which
where
/
in
which
why
/
for
which
where
/
in
which
when
/
on
which