5BCh9现在完成时态讲解和练习

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Present perfect tense (II)
Chapter 9, Book 5B New Welcome to English Second Edition
Present perfect tense
We form the present perfect tense with have/has + past participle.
I
You
We
They
the milk.
have
drunk
He
She
It
the milk.
has
drunk
Present perfect tense
did
have / has done
made
have / has made
grew
have / has grown
fell
have / has fallen
do
make
grow
fall
Present
Past
Present perfect
Irregular verbs
Regular verbs
Present
Past
Present perfect
visit
visited
have / has visited
enjoy
enjoyed
have / has enjoyed
talk
talked
have / has talked
help
helped
have / has helped
Present perfect tense
We use the present perfect tense to talk about completed actions.
e.g. (a) Charlie is eating the sandwich.
(b) Charlie has eaten the sandwich.
Present perfect tense
We do not usually use these phrases with the present perfect tense (e.g. yesterday, last week, in 1999, on Monday).
I have washed the dishes yesterday.
We use the present perfect tense when we do not know the time of an action.


I washed the dishes yesterday.
OR
Now you try.
1 You ______________ a picture. (draw)
have drawn
2 Peter ___________ a camel. (ride)
has ridden
3 Tom ___________ in a helicopter. (fly)
has flown
4 Tina ____________ a letter to Santa Claus. (write)
has written
Present perfect tense
We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that started in the past and continue to the present.
e.g. I’ve grown flowers for two years.
2000-2002
Present perfect tense
We use the present perfect tense with since and for to say how long an action has lasted.
Present perfect tense
Since
We use since with the present perfect tense to refer to the starting point of an action.
e.g. I have studied at this school since 1997.
(1997 is a point of time, not a period of time.)
Now 2002
starting time
(1997)
For
Present perfect tense
We use for with the present perfect tense to refer to a period of time.
e.g. I have studied at this school for five years.
( ‘Five years’ is a period of time, not a point of time.)
Now 2002
starting time
since 1997
period of time (for five years)
Now you try.
Use since or for.
1 I have had piano lessons _____ ten years.
2 Peter has collected stamps _____ 1990.
3 Pam has grown flowers _____ last year.
4 My brother has played football _____ two years.
5 John and Jenny have been friends _____ eight months.
6 They have done ballet _____ 2000.
7 My father has driven his car _____ 1996.
for
for
for
since
since
since
since
Present perfect tense
We use How long … with the present perfect tense to ask the length of a period of time.
e.g. How long have you stayed here
We use either since or for to answer How long questions.
e.g. I have stayed here since 1992.
OR
I have stayed here for ten years.
Now you try.
e.g.
Now 2002
1995 / 7 years
How long have you played the piano
I have played the piano since 1995.
I have played the piano for seven years.
Now 10 o’clock
6 o’clock / 4 hours
How long has Betty studied
She has studied since six o’clock.
She has studied for four hours.
Now 2002
1999 / 3 years
How long have you collected shells
I have collected shells since 1999.
I have collected shells for three years.
Now 2002
1996 / 6 years
How long have you done ballet
I have done ballet since 1996.
I have done ballet for six years.
Now 2002
1982 / 20 years
How long has he been a postman
He has been a postman since 1982.
He has been a postman for twenty years.
actions that happened in the past
actions that started in the past and continue to the present
actions that have just finished
e.g. I sang yesterday.
e.g. I’ve sung for two hours.
e.g. I’ve just sung a famous song.
Summary
Past Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Summary
Past Tense
Present Perfect Tense
We know the specific point of time of the action.
e.g. I drew a picture last night.
We do not know the time of the action.
e.g. I’ve drawn a picture already.
verb - 1 word
e.g. I drew a picture.
verb - 2 words
e.g. I’ve drawn a picture.
Summary
Past Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Hint words: yesterday, last night, last Sunday, last year, ago, in 2000
Hint words: since, for, already, just, yet, ever
Practice
e.g. I _______ a dress two weeks ago. (make)
made
1 I ______________ in Hong Kong since 1990. (live)
2 My parents _______ our house in 2000. (buy)
3 Miss Lee ___________ at my school for two years. (teach)
4 Tom _______ his uncle one month ago. (visit)
5 Polly and Dolly __________ friends since last year. (be)
6 The baby __________ for four hours. (sleep)
have lived
bought
has taught
visited
have been
has slept
Practice
I ___________ (study) in this school for five years. I _________ (come) to this school when I was five. The school __________ (be) here since 1980. Some of the teachers ___________ (teach) at this school for many years. Miss Chan and Miss Wong _____________ (start) teaching here 15 years ago.
Use the past tense or the present perfect tense.
have studied
came
has been
have taught
started
Practice
Use the past tense or the present perfect tense.
Tony __________ (live) in Kowloon for ten years. He _________ (move) from Hong Kong Island to Kowloon in 1992. Peter __________ (move) to Kowloon for one year. Tony and Peter ______________ (be friends) since last month.
Today is Peter’s birthday. Tony _________ (go) to Peter’s birthday party at two o’clock this afternoon. They ___________ (play) games for two hours. They are still playing now.
have been friends
moved
has moved
has lived
went
have played